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Liu J, Wang X, Zheng M, Luan Q. Oxidative stress in human gingival fibroblasts from periodontitis versus healthy counterparts. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1214-1225. [PMID: 34905275 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elevated p53 promotes oxidative stress and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in liposaccharide (LPS)-treated healthy human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). This study compared oxidative stress, production of inflammatory cytokines, and p53 expression in HGFs from patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and healthy subjects in vitro upon LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis challenge. METHODS Human gingival fibroblasts were isolated from 6 biopsies-3 from healthy donors and 3 from diseased area in CP (Grade B, Stage III). HGFs were cultured with or without 1 μg/ml 24 h LPS. Oxidative stress was assessed by analyzing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondrial membrane potential and respiration were determined by immunofluorescence and respirometry, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. P53 expression was monitored by Western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Human gingival fibroblasts from CP exhibited increased levels of mitochondrial p53, enhanced ROS production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and increased secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, as compared to HGFs from healthy donors. Moreover, LPS exacerbated these changes. CONCLUSION Human gingival fibroblasts from CP exhibited stronger basal and LPS-inducible oxidative stress and inflammatory response as compared to HGFs from healthy subjects by increased p53 in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qingxian Luan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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2
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Mishra E, Thakur MK. Mitophagy: A promising therapeutic target for neuroprotection during ageing and age-related diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:1542-1561. [PMID: 36792062 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria and mitochondria-mediated signalling pathways are known to control synaptic signalling, as well as long-lasting changes in neuronal structure and function. Mitochondrial impairment is linked to synaptic dysfunction in normal ageing and age-associated neurodegenerative ailments, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Both proteolysis and mitophagy perform a major role in neuroprotection, by maintaining a healthy mitochondrial population during ageing. Mitophagy, a highly evolutionarily conserved cellular process, helps in the clearance of damaged mitochondria and thereby maintains the mitochondrial and metabolic balance, energy supply, neuronal survival and neuronal health. Besides the maintenance of brain homeostasis, hippocampal mitophagy also helps in synapse formation, axonal development, dopamine release and long-term depression. In contrast, defective mitophagy contributes to ageing and age-related neurodegeneration by promoting the accumulation of damaged mitochondria leading to cellular dysfunction. Exercise, stress management, maintaining healthy mitochondrial dynamics and administering natural or synthetic pharmacological compounds are some of the strategies used for neuroprotection during ageing and age-related neurological diseases. The current review discusses the impact of defective mitophagy in ageing and age-associated neurodegenerative conditions, the underlying molecular pathways and potential therapies based on recently elucidated mitophagy-inducing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ela Mishra
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Thakur
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Li S, Wang M, Wang Y, Guo Y, Tao X, Wang X, Cao Y, Tian S, Li Q. p53-mediated ferroptosis is required for 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced senescence of PC12 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 73:105146. [PMID: 33737050 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and striatum. Aging is the most important risk factor of PD. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death associated with PD. However, it is not clear whether ferroptosis accelerates PD by promoting cellular senescence. This study investigated the mechanism of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) -induced PC12 cells injury. We found that MPP+ induced cell senescence with increased β-galactosidase activity and the expression of p53, p21 and p16 activation in cells. In addition, MPP+ treatment showed smaller mitochondria and increased membrane density, downregulation of ferritin heavy chain 1 expression and upregulation of acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 expression, and enhanced levels of oxidative stress, which were important characteristics of ferroptosis. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a ferroptosis inhibitor, was tested to eliminate MPP+-induced cell senescence. Fer-1 downregulated the expression of p53 and upregulated the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) in MPP+-induced ferroptosis. Inhibition of p53 eliminated cell senescence by upregulation the expression of of SLC7A11 and GPX4. Thus, these results suggest that MPP+ induces senescence in PC12 cells via the p53/ SLC7A11/ GPX4 signaling pathway in the ferroptosis regulation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Youlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Yuting Guo
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Tao
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Xuncui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Yin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Shasha Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.
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Karim MR, Liao EE, Kim J, Meints J, Martinez HM, Pletnikova O, Troncoso JC, Lee MK. α-Synucleinopathy associated c-Abl activation causes p53-dependent autophagy impairment. Mol Neurodegener 2020; 15:27. [PMID: 32299471 PMCID: PMC7164361 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-020-00364-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies link c-Abl activation with the accumulation of pathogenic α-synuclein (αS) and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Currently, c-Abl, a tyrosine kinase activated by cellular stress, is thought to promote αS pathology by either directly phosphorylating αS or by causing autophagy deficits. METHODS αS overexpressing transgenic (Tg) mice were used in this study. A53T Tg mice that express high levels of human mutant A53TαS under the control of prion protein promoter. Two different approaches were used in this study. Natural aging and seeding model of synucleinopathy. In seeding model, intracortical/intrastriatal (IC/IS) stereotaxic injection of toxic lysates was done using tissue lysates from end-stage symptomatic mice. In this study, nilotinib and pifithrin-α was used as a c-Abl and p53 inhibitor, respectively. Both Tg and non-transgenic (nTg) mice from each group were subjected to nilotinib (10 mg/kg) or vehicle (DMSO) treatment. Frozen brain tissues from PD and control human cases were analyzed. In vitro cells study was implied for c-Abl/p53 genetic manipulation to uncover signal transduction. RESULTS Herein, we show that the pathologic effects of c-Abl in PD also involve activation of p53, as c-Abl activation in a transgenic mouse model of α-synucleinopathy (TgA53T) and human PD cases are associated with the increased p53 activation. Significantly, active p53 in TgA53T neurons accumulates in the cytosol, which may lead to inhibition of autophagy. Thus, we hypothesized that c-Abl-dependent p53 activation contributes to autophagy impairment in α-synucleinopathy. In support of the hypothesis, we show that c-Abl activation is sufficient to inhibit autophagy in p53-dependent manner. Moreover, inhibition of either c-Abl, using nilotinib, or p53, using pifithrin-α, was sufficient to increase autophagic flux in neuronal cells by inducing phosphorylation of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), ULK1 activation, and down-regulation of mTORC1 signaling. Finally, we show that pharmacological attenuation of c-Abl activity by nilotinib treatment in the TgA53T mouse model reduces activation of p53, stimulates autophagy, decreases accumulation αS pathology, and delays disease onset. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data show that c-Abl activation by α-synucleinopathy causes p53 dependent autophagy deficits and both c-Abl and p53 represent therapeutic target for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Razaul Karim
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA
| | - Elly E. Liao
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA
| | - Jaekwang Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA
- Present Address: Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu, 41068 South Korea
| | - Joyce Meints
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA
| | | | - Olga Pletnikova
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Juan C. Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Michael K. Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 2101 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA
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5
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Lu Y, Zhang P, Zhang Q, Yang C, Qian Y, Suo J, Tao X, Zhu J. Duloxetine Attenuates Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Nerve Injury by Inhibiting p53-Related Pathways. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 373:453-462. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.265082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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6
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Pifithrin-Alpha Reduces Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity in Cultured Dopaminergic Neurons. Neurotox Res 2019; 36:347-356. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00050-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Rabenau M, Unger M, Drewe J, Culmsee C. Metabolic switch induced by Cimicifuga racemosa extract prevents mitochondrial damage and oxidative cell death. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 52:107-116. [PMID: 30599889 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cimicifuga racemosa extract is a well-established therapy for menopausal symptoms. The mechanisms underlying the multiple therapeutic effects of Cimicifuga extract, e.g. reducing hot flushes and profuse sweating are not well defined. Recent studies revealed pronounced effects of Ze 450, a Cimicifuga racemosa extract that was produced by a standardized procedure, on energy metabolism through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in vitro and beneficial anti-diabetic effects in vivo. PURPOSE The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of Ze 450 on energy metabolism. Since mitochondria are the key regulators of cellular energy homeostasis, we wanted to elucidate whether Ze 450 affects mitochondrial resilience and can provide protection against oxidative damage in neuronal and liver cells. METHODS/STUDY DESIGN In this study, we investigated the effects of Ze 450 (1-200 µg/ml) on mitochondrial integrity and function, and cell viability in models of oxidative stress induced by erastin and RSL-3 in neuronal and liver cells. The effects of Ze 450 in control conditions and after induction of oxidative stress were analyzed using FACS for detecting lipid peroxidation (BODIPY), mitochondrial ROS formation (MitoSOX), mitochondrial membrane potential (TMRE) and cell death (AnnexinV/PI staining). Furthermore, we determined metabolic activity (MTT assay), ATP levels and mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis (oxygen consumption rates, extracellular acidification rates; Seahorse). RESULTS Ze 450 preserved mitochondrial integrity and ATP levels, and prevented mitochondrial ROS formation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and cell death. Notably, Cimicifuga racemosa extract alone did not alter mitochondrial ROS levels, and subtle inhibitory effects on cell proliferation were reversed after withdrawal of the extract. In addition, Ze 450 did not exert toxic effects to liver cells, but rather protected these from the oxidative challenge. Further analysis of the mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate and the extracellular acidification rate revealed that Ze 450 mediated a switch from mitochondrial respiration to glycolysis, and this metabolic shift was a prerequisite for the protective effects against oxidative damage. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the bioenergetic shift induced by Ze 450 exerted protective effects in different cell types, and offers promising therapeutic potential in age related diseases involving oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena Rabenau
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Biochemisch-Pharmakologisches Centrum Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 1, Marburg 35032, Germany; Center for Mind Brain and Behavior, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - Matthias Unger
- Preclinical Research, Max Zeller Soehne AG, Romanshorn, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Drewe
- Preclinical Research, Max Zeller Soehne AG, Romanshorn, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Biochemisch-Pharmakologisches Centrum Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 1, Marburg 35032, Germany; Center for Mind Brain and Behavior, Marburg 35032, Germany.
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8
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p53 Functions in Adipose Tissue Metabolism and Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092622. [PMID: 30181511 PMCID: PMC6165290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
As a tumor suppressor and the most frequently mutated gene in cancer, p53 is among the best-described molecules in medical research. As cancer is in most cases an age-related disease, it seems paradoxical that p53 is so strongly conserved from early multicellular organisms to humans. A function not directly related to tumor suppression, such as the regulation of metabolism in nontransformed cells, could explain this selective pressure. While this role of p53 in cellular metabolism is gradually emerging, it is imperative to dissect the tissue- and cell-specific actions of p53 and its downstream signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on studies reporting p53’s impact on adipocyte development, function, and maintenance, as well as the causes and consequences of altered p53 levels in white and brown adipose tissue (AT) with respect to systemic energy homeostasis. While whole body p53 knockout mice gain less weight and fat mass under a high-fat diet owing to increased energy expenditure, modifying p53 expression specifically in adipocytes yields more refined insights: (1) p53 is a negative regulator of in vitro adipogenesis; (2) p53 levels in white AT are increased in diet-induced and genetic obesity mouse models and in obese humans; (3) functionally, elevated p53 in white AT increases senescence and chronic inflammation, aggravating systemic insulin resistance; (4) p53 is not required for normal development of brown AT; and (5) when p53 is activated in brown AT in mice fed a high-fat diet, it increases brown AT temperature and brown AT marker gene expression, thereby contributing to reduced fat mass accumulation. In addition, p53 is increasingly being recognized as crucial player in nutrient sensing pathways. Hence, despite existence of contradictory findings and a varying density of evidence, several functions of p53 in adipocytes and ATs have been emerging, positioning p53 as an essential regulatory hub in ATs. Future studies need to make use of more sophisticated in vivo model systems and should identify an AT-specific set of p53 target genes and downstream pathways upon different (nutrient) challenges to identify novel therapeutic targets to curb metabolic diseases.
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Krstic J, Galhuber M, Schulz TJ, Schupp M, Prokesch A. p53 as a Dichotomous Regulator of Liver Disease: The Dose Makes the Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E921. [PMID: 29558460 PMCID: PMC5877782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle-related disorders, such as the metabolic syndrome, have become a primary risk factor for the development of liver pathologies that can progress from hepatic steatosis, hepatic insulin resistance, steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis, to the most severe condition of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While the prevalence of liver pathologies is steadily increasing in modern societies, there are currently no approved drugs other than chemotherapeutic intervention in late stage HCC. Hence, there is a pressing need to identify and investigate causative molecular pathways that can yield new therapeutic avenues. The transcription factor p53 is well established as a tumor suppressor and has recently been described as a central metabolic player both in physiological and pathological settings. Given that liver is a dynamic tissue with direct exposition to ingested nutrients, hepatic p53, by integrating cellular stress response, metabolism and cell cycle regulation, has emerged as an important regulator of liver homeostasis and dysfunction. The underlying evidence is reviewed herein, with a focus on clinical data and animal studies that highlight a direct influence of p53 activity on different stages of liver diseases. Based on current literature showing that activation of p53 signaling can either attenuate or fuel liver disease, we herein discuss the hypothesis that, while hyper-activation or loss of function can cause disease, moderate induction of hepatic p53 within physiological margins could be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of liver pathologies. Hence, stimuli that lead to a moderate and temporary p53 activation could present new therapeutic approaches through several entry points in the cascade from hepatic steatosis to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Krstic
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Markus Galhuber
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Tim J Schulz
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehhbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany.
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Michael Schupp
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas Prokesch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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10
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Cylindromatosis mediates neuronal cell death in vitro and in vivo. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:1394-1407. [PMID: 29352268 PMCID: PMC6113218 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-017-0046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor-suppressor cylindromatosis (CYLD) is a deubiquitinating enzyme and key regulator of cell proliferation and inflammation. A genome-wide siRNA screen linked CYLD to receptor interacting protein-1 (RIP1) kinase-mediated necroptosis; however, the exact mechanisms of CYLD-mediated cell death remain unknown. Therefore, we investigated the precise role of CYLD in models of neuronal cell death in vitro and evaluated whether CYLD deletion affects brain injury in vivo. In vitro, downregulation of CYLD increased RIP1 ubiquitination, prevented RIP1/RIP3 complex formation, and protected neuronal cells from oxidative death. Similar protective effects were achieved by siRNA silencing of RIP1 or RIP3 or by pharmacological inhibition of RIP1 with necrostatin-1. In vivo, CYLD knockout mice were protected from trauma-induced brain damage compared to wild-type littermate controls. These findings unravel the mechanisms of CYLD-mediated cell death signaling in damaged neurons in vitro and suggest a cell death-mediating role of CYLD in vivo.
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Honrath B, Culmsee C, Dolga AM. One protein, different cell fate: the differential outcome of depleting GRP75 during oxidative stress in neurons. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:32. [PMID: 29348426 PMCID: PMC5833832 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Honrath
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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12
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Honrath B, Metz I, Bendridi N, Rieusset J, Culmsee C, Dolga AM. Glucose-regulated protein 75 determines ER-mitochondrial coupling and sensitivity to oxidative stress in neuronal cells. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17076. [PMID: 29367884 PMCID: PMC5672593 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk between different organelles allows for the exchange of proteins, lipids and ions. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are physically linked and signal through the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) to regulate the transfer of Ca2+ from ER stores into the mitochondrial matrix, thereby affecting mitochondrial function and intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. The chaperone glucose-regulated protein 75 (GRP75) is a key protein expressed at the MAM interface which regulates ER–mitochondrial Ca2+ transfer. Previous studies revealed that modulation of GRP75 expression largely affected mitochondrial integrity and vulnerability to cell death. In the present study, we show that genetic ablation of GRP75, by weakening ER–mitochondrial junctions, provided protection against mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death in a model of glutamate-induced oxidative stress. Interestingly, GRP75 silencing attenuated both cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca2+ overload in conditions of oxidative stress, blocked the formation of reactive oxygen species and preserved mitochondrial respiration. These data revealed a major role for GRP75 in regulating mitochondrial function, Ca2+ and redox homeostasis. In line, GRP75 overexpression enhanced oxidative cell death induced by glutamate. Overall, our findings suggest weakening ER–mitochondrial connectivity by GRP75 inhibition as a novel protective approach in paradigms of oxidative stress in neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Honrath
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Isabell Metz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nadia Bendridi
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U1060, INRA U1235, Lyon University, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, INSA-Lyon, Oullins, France
| | - Jennifer Rieusset
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U1060, INRA U1235, Lyon University, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, INSA-Lyon, Oullins, France
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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13
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Neitemeier S, Dolga AM, Honrath B, Karuppagounder SS, Alim I, Ratan RR, Culmsee C. Inhibition of HIF-prolyl-4-hydroxylases prevents mitochondrial impairment and cell death in a model of neuronal oxytosis. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2214. [PMID: 27148687 PMCID: PMC4917646 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial impairment induced by oxidative stress is a main characteristic of intrinsic cell death pathways in neurons underlying the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, protection of mitochondrial integrity and function is emerging as a promising strategy to prevent neuronal damage. Here, we show that pharmacological inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl-4-hydroxylases (HIF-PHDs) by adaptaquin inhibits lipid peroxidation and fully maintains mitochondrial function as indicated by restored mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production, reduced formation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and preserved mitochondrial respiration, thereby protecting neuronal HT-22 cells in a model of glutamate-induced oxytosis. Selective reduction of PHD1 protein using CRISPR/Cas9 technology also reduced both lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial impairment, and attenuated glutamate toxicity in the HT-22 cells. Regulation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) expression levels and related target genes may mediate these beneficial effects. Overall, these results expose HIF-PHDs as promising targets to protect mitochondria and, thereby, neurons from oxidative cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neitemeier
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Biochemisch-Pharmakologisches Centrum Marburg, Fachbereich Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 1, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - A M Dolga
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Biochemisch-Pharmakologisches Centrum Marburg, Fachbereich Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 1, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - B Honrath
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Biochemisch-Pharmakologisches Centrum Marburg, Fachbereich Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 1, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - S S Karuppagounder
- Burke-Cornell Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY, USA.,Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - I Alim
- Burke-Cornell Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY, USA.,Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - R R Ratan
- Burke-Cornell Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY, USA.,Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Culmsee
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Biochemisch-Pharmakologisches Centrum Marburg, Fachbereich Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 1, Marburg 35032, Germany
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Forebrain neuronal specific ablation of p53 gene provides protection in a cortical ischemic stroke model. Neuroscience 2015; 295:1-10. [PMID: 25779964 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic injury involves death of multiple cell types at the ischemic sites. As a key regulator of cell death, the p53 gene has been implicated in the regulation of cell loss in stroke. Less focal damage is found in stroke animals pre-treated with a p53 inhibitor or in traditional p53 knockout (ko) mice. However, whether the p53 gene plays a direct role in regulating neuronal cell death is unknown. In this study, in contrast to the global inhibition of p53 function by pharmacological inhibitors and in traditional p53 ko mice, we utilized a neuronal specific conditional ko mouse line (CamcreTRP53(loxP/loxP)) to achieve forebrain neuronal specific deletion of p53 and examined the role of the p53 gene in ischemia-induced cell death in neurons. Expression of p53 after stroke is examined using the immunohistochemical method and the outcome of stroke is examined by analysis of infarction size and behavioral deficits caused by stroke. Our data showed that p53 expression is upregulated in the ischemic region in neuronal cells in wildtype (wt) mice but not in CamcreTRP53(loxP/loxP) ko mice. Deletion of the p53 gene in forebrain neurons results in a decreased infarction area in ko mice. Locomotor behavior, measured in automated activity chambers, showed that CamcreTRP53(loxP/loxP) ko mice have less locomotor deficits compared to wt mice after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). We conclude that manipulation of p53 expression in neurons may lead to unique therapeutic development in stroke.
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