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Bin-Jumah MN, Nadeem MS, Gilani SJ, Al-Abbasi FA, Ullah I, Alzarea SI, Ghoneim MM, Alshehri S, Uddin A, Murtaza BN, Kazmi I. Genes and Longevity of Lifespan. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031499. [PMID: 35163422 PMCID: PMC8836117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex process indicated by low energy levels, declined physiological activity, stress induced loss of homeostasis leading to the risk of diseases and mortality. Recent developments in medical sciences and an increased availability of nutritional requirements has significantly increased the average human lifespan worldwide. Several environmental and physiological factors contribute to the aging process. However, about 40% human life expectancy is inherited among generations, many lifespan associated genes, genetic mechanisms and pathways have been demonstrated during last decades. In the present review, we have evaluated many human genes and their non-human orthologs established for their role in the regulation of lifespan. The study has included more than fifty genes reported in the literature for their contributions to the longevity of life. Intact genomic DNA is essential for the life activities at the level of cell, tissue, and organ. Nucleic acids are vulnerable to oxidative stress, chemotherapies, and exposure to radiations. Efficient DNA repair mechanisms are essential for the maintenance of genomic integrity, damaged DNA is not replicated and transferred to next generations rather the presence of deleterious DNA initiates signaling cascades leading to the cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. DNA modifications, DNA methylation, histone methylation, histone acetylation and DNA damage can eventually lead towards apoptosis. The importance of calorie restriction therapy in the extension of lifespan has also been discussed. The role of pathways involved in the regulation of lifespan such as DAF-16/FOXO (forkhead box protein O1), TOR and JNK pathways has also been particularized. The study provides an updated account of genetic factors associated with the extended lifespan and their interactive contributory role with cellular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Nasser Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
- Environment and Biomaterial Unit, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (M.S.N.); (I.K.)
| | - Sadaf Jamal Gilani
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Inam Ullah
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Aziz Uddin
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan;
| | - Bibi Nazia Murtaza
- Department of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (AUST), Abbottabad 22310, Pakistan;
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (M.S.N.); (I.K.)
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Amin HA, Cordell HJ, Martin-Ruiz C, Robinson L, Kirkwood T, Blakemore AI, Drenos F. No Evidence That Genetic Variation At The Klotho Locus Is Associated With Longevity In Caucasians From The Newcastle 85 Plus Study And The Uk Biobank. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:457-461. [PMID: 34893828 PMCID: PMC8893196 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The demographics of Western populations are changing, with an increase in the proportion of older adults. There is evidence to suggest that genetic factors may influence the aging process: studying these may lead to interventions to help individuals live a longer and healthier life. Evidence from several groups indicates that Klotho (KL), a gene encoding a single-pass transmembrane protein that acts as an FGF23 co-receptor, may be associated with longevity and healthy aging. We aimed to explore this area further by comparing the genotype counts in 642 long-lived individuals from the Newcastle 85+ Study with 18 295 middle-aged Newcastle-based controls from the UK Biobank to test whether variants at the KL gene locus are over- or under-represented in older individuals. If KL is associated with longevity, then we would expect the genotype counts to differ between the 2 cohorts. We found that the rs2283368 CC genotype and the rs9536338 C allele, but not the KL-VS haplotype, were associated with reaching very old age. However, these associations did not replicate in the remainder of the UK Biobank cohort. Thus, our results do not reliably support the role of KL as a longevity factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnat A Amin
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Heather J Cordell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Carmen Martin-Ruiz
- BioScreening Core Facility, Biosciences Institute, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Robinson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Kirkwood
- Ageing Research Laboratories, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra I Blakemore
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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The association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Klotho Gene and Mortality in Elderly Men: The MrOS Sweden Study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10243. [PMID: 32581247 PMCID: PMC7314825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Klotho (KL) gene is involved in phosphate homeostasis. Polymorphisms in this gene have been reported to be associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. Here we used computational tools to predict the damage-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human KL gene. We further investigated the association of SNPs in the KL gene and mortality in the Swedish multicenter prospective Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) cohort. This study included 2921 men (aged 69-81 years) with mean 4.49 ± 1.03 years follow-up. 18 SNPs in the KL gene were genotyped using Sequenom. These SNPs were identified by in silico tools for the coding and noncoding genome to predict the damaging SNPs. After quality analyses, SNPs were analyzed for mortality risk using two steps approach on logistic regression model screening and then Cox regression model confirmation. Two non-synonymous SNPs rs9536314 and rs9527025 were found to be potentially damaging SNPs that affect KL protein stability and expression. However, these two SNPs were not statistically significantly associated with all-cause mortality (crude Hazard ratio [HR] 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96-3.07 in rs9536314; crude HR 1.82, 95% CI 0.998-3.33 in rs9527025) or cardiovascular mortality (crude HR 1.52, 95% CI 0.56-4.14 in rs9536314; crude HR 1.54, 95% CI 0.55-4.33 in rs9527025) in additive model using Cox regression analysis. In conclusion, these two potentially damaging SNPs (rs9536314 and rs9527025) in the KL gene were not associated with all-cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality in MrOs cohort. Larger scales studies and meta-analysis are needed to confirm the correlation between polymorphisms of the KL gene and mortality.
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Sachdeva A, Gouge J, Kontovounisios C, Nikolaou S, Ashworth A, Lim K, Chong I. Klotho and the Treatment of Human Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061665. [PMID: 32585905 PMCID: PMC7352559 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Klotho was first discovered as an anti-ageing protein linked to a number of age-related disease processes, including cardiovascular, renal, musculoskeletal, and neurodegenerative conditions. Emerging research has also demonstrated a potential therapeutic role for Klotho in cancer biology, which is perhaps unsurprising given that cancer and ageing share similar molecular hallmarks. In addition to functioning as a tumour suppressor in numerous solid tumours and haematological malignancies, Klotho represents a candidate therapeutic target for patients with these diseases, the majority of whom have limited treatment options. Here, we examine contemporary evidence evaluating the anti-neoplastic effects of Klotho and describe the modulation of downstream oncogenic signalling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin, FGF, IGF1, PIK3K/AKT, TGFβ, and the Unfolded Protein Response. We also discuss possible approaches to developing therapeutic Klotho and consider technological advances that may facilitate the delivery of Klotho through gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishani Sachdeva
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SW6 6JJ, UK; (A.S.); (C.K.)
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK;
| | - Jerome Gouge
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, London WC1E 7HX, UK;
| | - Christos Kontovounisios
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SW6 6JJ, UK; (A.S.); (C.K.)
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK;
| | - Stella Nikolaou
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK;
| | - Alan Ashworth
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA;
| | - Kenneth Lim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5181, USA;
| | - Irene Chong
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SW6 6JJ, UK; (A.S.); (C.K.)
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
- Correspondence:
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Morris BJ, Willcox BJ, Donlon TA. Genetic and epigenetic regulation of human aging and longevity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1718-1744. [PMID: 31109447 PMCID: PMC7295568 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Here we summarize the latest data on genetic and epigenetic contributions to human aging and longevity. Whereas environmental and lifestyle factors are important at younger ages, the contribution of genetics appears more important in reaching extreme old age. Genome-wide studies have implicated ~57 gene loci in lifespan. Epigenomic changes during aging profoundly affect cellular function and stress resistance. Dysregulation of transcriptional and chromatin networks is likely a crucial component of aging. Large-scale bioinformatic analyses have revealed involvement of numerous interaction networks. As the young well-differentiated cell replicates into eventual senescence there is drift in the highly regulated chromatin marks towards an entropic middle-ground between repressed and active, such that genes that were previously inactive "leak". There is a breakdown in chromatin connectivity such that topologically associated domains and their insulators weaken, and well-defined blocks of constitutive heterochromatin give way to generalized, senescence-associated heterochromatin, foci. Together, these phenomena contribute to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Morris
- Basic & Clinical Genomics Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Honolulu Heart Program (HHP)/Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS), Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96817, United States; Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Kuakini Medical Center Campus, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States.
| | - Bradley J Willcox
- Honolulu Heart Program (HHP)/Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS), Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96817, United States; Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Kuakini Medical Center Campus, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States.
| | - Timothy A Donlon
- Honolulu Heart Program (HHP)/Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS), Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96817, United States; Departments of Cell & Molecular Biology and Pathology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States.
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Zhu Z, Xia W, Cui Y, Zeng F, Li Y, Yang Z, Hequn C. Klotho gene polymorphisms are associated with healthy aging and longevity: Evidence from a meta-analysis. Mech Ageing Dev 2019; 178:33-40. [PMID: 30633899 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Klotho gene polymorphisms have been implicated in healthy aging, but inconsistences in findings from previous case-control studies have raised concerns regarding the associations between KLOTHO gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to aging-related diseases and longevity. Hence, this meta-analysis was performed. We assessed the associations between two polymorphisms (G-395 A/rs1207568 and F352 V/rs9536314) and five parameters (urolithiasis, cognitive impairment, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and longevity) by calculating pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. According to the pooled results, the G allele of the G-395 A polymorphism conferred a significantly higher risk of urolithiasis; G-395 A was related to the susceptibility to cardiovascular disease under allele, dominant, and recessive models. There was no significant association between the G-395 A polymorphism and cognitive impairment among the elderly. The F allele of the F352 V polymorphism protected against breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility. Interestingly, based on the results of the subgroup analysis, the F352 V polymorphism was associated with the overall risk of neoplasms in BRCA1 mutation carriers but not in BRCA2 mutation carriers. Moreover, the F allele played a protective role in determining human longevity. In conclusion, Klotho G-395 A polymorphisms were associated with urolithiasis and cardiovascular disease but not with cognitive impairment. Additionally, Klotho F352 V polymorphisms were associated with cancers and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Weiping Xia
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yu Cui
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Feng Zeng
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhongqing Yang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Chen Hequn
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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Villa F, Carrizzo A, Ferrario A, Maciag A, Cattaneo M, Spinelli CC, Montella F, Damato A, Ciaglia E, Puca AA. A Model of Evolutionary Selection: The Cardiovascular Protective Function of the Longevity Associated Variant of BPIFB4. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103229. [PMID: 30347645 PMCID: PMC6214030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary forces select genetic variants that allow adaptation to environmental stresses. The genomes of centenarian populations could recapitulate the evolutionary adaptation model and reveal the secrets of disease resistance shown by these individuals. Indeed, longevity phenotype is supposed to have a genetic background able to survive or escape to age-related diseases. Among these, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most lethal and their major risk factor is aging and the associated frailty status. One example of genetic evolution revealed by the study of centenarians genome is the four missense Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) haplotype in bactericidal/permeability-increasing fold-containing family B, member 4 (BPIFB4) locus that is enriched in long living individuals: the longevity associated variant (LAV). Indeed, LAV-BPIFB4 is able to improve endothelial function and revascularization through the increase of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) dependent nitric oxide production. This review recapitulates the beneficial effects of LAV-BPIFB4 and its therapeutic potential for the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Villa
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Anna Ferrario
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy.
| | - Anna Maciag
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy.
| | - Monica Cattaneo
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Francesco Montella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy.
| | | | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy.
| | - Annibale Alessandro Puca
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy.
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy.
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Hook M, Roy S, Williams EG, Bou Sleiman M, Mozhui K, Nelson JF, Lu L, Auwerx J, Williams RW. Genetic cartography of longevity in humans and mice: Current landscape and horizons. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2718-2732. [PMID: 29410319 PMCID: PMC6066442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex and highly variable process. Heritability of longevity among humans and other species is low, and this finding has given rise to the idea that it may be futile to search for DNA variants that modulate aging. We argue that the problem in mapping longevity genes is mainly one of low power and the genetic and environmental complexity of aging. In this review we highlight progress made in mapping genes and molecular networks associated with longevity, paying special attention to work in mice and humans. We summarize 40 years of linkage studies using murine cohorts and 15 years of studies in human populations that have exploited candidate gene and genome-wide association methods. A small but growing number of gene variants contribute to known longevity mechanisms, but a much larger set have unknown functions. We outline these and other challenges and suggest some possible solutions, including more intense collaboration between research communities that use model organisms and human cohorts. Once hundreds of gene variants have been linked to differences in longevity in mammals, it will become feasible to systematically explore gene-by-environmental interactions, dissect mechanisms with more assurance, and evaluate the roles of epistasis and epigenetics in aging. A deeper understanding of complex networks-genetic, cellular, physiological, and social-should position us well to improve healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hook
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Suheeta Roy
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Evan G Williams
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Maroun Bou Sleiman
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Khyobeni Mozhui
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - James F Nelson
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Revelas M, Thalamuthu A, Oldmeadow C, Evans TJ, Armstrong NJ, Kwok JB, Brodaty H, Schofield PR, Scott RJ, Sachdev PS, Attia JR, Mather KA. Review and meta-analysis of genetic polymorphisms associated with exceptional human longevity. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 175:24-34. [PMID: 29890178 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many factors contribute to exceptional longevity, with genetics playing a significant role. However, to date, genetic studies examining exceptional longevity have been inconclusive. This comprehensive review seeks to determine the genetic variants associated with exceptional longevity by undertaking meta-analyses. METHODS Meta-analyses of genetic polymorphisms previously associated with exceptional longevity (85+) were undertaken. For each variant, meta-analyses were performed if there were data from at least three independent studies available, including two unpublished additional cohorts. RESULTS Five polymorphisms, ACE rs4340, APOE ε2/3/4, FOXO3A rs2802292, KLOTHO KL-VS and IL6 rs1800795 were significantly associated with exceptional longevity, with the pooled effect sizes (odds ratios) ranging from 0.42 (APOE ε4) to 1.45 (FOXO3A males). CONCLUSION In general, the observed modest effect sizes of the significant variants suggest many genes of small influence play a role in exceptional longevity, which is consistent with results for other polygenic traits. Our results also suggest that genes related to cardiovascular health may be implicated in exceptional longevity. Future studies should examine the roles of gender and ethnicity and carefully consider study design, including the selection of appropriate controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Revelas
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Nicola J Armstrong
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - John B Kwok
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter R Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rodney J Scott
- Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW, Australia; Hunter Area Pathology Service, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Barker Street, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - John R Attia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia; Hunter Area Pathology Service, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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Morar B, Badcock JC, Phillips M, Almeida OP, Jablensky A. The longevity gene Klotho is differentially associated with cognition in subtypes of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2018; 193:348-353. [PMID: 28673754 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia and impacts negatively the functioning of affected individuals. Cognitive decline correlates with aging, and is the primary cause of loss of independence and reduced quality of life. The klotho gene is a key modulator of aging, with expression deficiency resulting in premature aging, while overexpression extends lifespan and enhances cognition. A haplotype and functional human variant of the gene, KL-VS, increases expression and promotes longevity. KL-VS heterozygosity is associated with enhanced cognition and a larger volume of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, a region involved in planning and decision-making, which is especially susceptible to shrinkage with age. We examined the effect of KL-VS heterozygosity on cognition in 497 schizophrenia patients and 316 healthy controls from the Western Australian Family Study of Schizophrenia (WAFSS) who had been comprehensively characterised by neurocognitive tests and classified into cognitively deficient (CD) and cognitively "spared" (CS) clusters. An older, cognitively normal population sample from the Health in Men Study (HIMS) was included to allow assessment of heterozygosity and memory in aged individuals. We show that heterozygosity is associated with better learning and memory in the younger WAFSS healthy controls but not in the aging HIMS sample. However, in schizophrenia patients, KL-VS has a selective effect on memory, with heterozygotes in CD and CS clusters performing worse than non-carriers. This effect was significant and more severe in the CD cluster, reinforcing the utility of subtyping patients into CD and CS clusters that may differ in their genetic underpinnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Morar
- Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, MRF Building, 50 Murray Street, Perth 6000, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia; Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Johanna C Badcock
- Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, MRF Building, 50 Murray Street, Perth 6000, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Phillips
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Osvaldo P Almeida
- WA Centre for Health and Ageing, Centre for Medical Research, Perth, Australia
| | - Assen Jablensky
- Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, MRF Building, 50 Murray Street, Perth 6000, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Yashin AI, Zhbannikov I, Arbeeva L, Arbeev KG, Wu D, Akushevich I, Yashkin A, Kovtun M, Kulminski AM, Stallard E, Kulminskaya I, Ukraintseva S. Pure and Confounded Effects of Causal SNPs on Longevity: Insights for Proper Interpretation of Research Findings in GWAS of Populations with Different Genetic Structures. Front Genet 2016; 7:188. [PMID: 27877192 PMCID: PMC5099244 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper shows that the effects of causal SNPs on lifespan, estimated through GWAS, may be confounded and the genetic structure of the study population may be responsible for this effect. Simulation experiments show that levels of linkage disequilibrium (LD) and other parameters of the population structure describing connections between two causal SNPs may substantially influence separate estimates of the effect of the causal SNPs on lifespan. This study suggests that differences in LD levels between two causal SNP loci within two study populations may contribute to the failure to replicate previous GWAS findings. The results of this paper also show that successful replication of the results of genetic association studies does not necessarily guarantee proper interpretation of the effect of a causal SNP on lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoliy I Yashin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ilya Zhbannikov
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
| | - Liubov Arbeeva
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
| | - Konstantin G Arbeev
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
| | - Deqing Wu
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
| | - Igor Akushevich
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
| | - Arseniy Yashkin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mikhail Kovtun
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alexander M Kulminski
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eric Stallard
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
| | - Irina Kulminskaya
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
| | - Svetlana Ukraintseva
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
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12
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Kim HK, Jeong BH. Lack of functional KL-VS polymorphism of the KLOTHO gene in the Korean population. Genet Mol Biol 2016; 39:370-3. [PMID: 27560364 PMCID: PMC5004824 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2015-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional variant of the Klotho "KL-VS" stretch, which includes six
polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium, is reportedly associated with healthy aging
and longevity in European and American populations. Among Asian populations, this
variant has been observed in the Indian population but not in the Iranian population.
An association between KL-VS polymorphism and aging has not been reported in Koreans.
To investigate whether the KL-VS polymorphism could be associated with healthy aging
and longevity in a Korean population, we analyzed genotype and allele frequencies of
the KL-VS variant in a large Korean population sample. The KL-VS variant was not
found in 874 Korean individuals. Thus, it is not possible to test its association to
aging in the East Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Kwon Kim
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hoon Jeong
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.,Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk Republic of Korea
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13
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Santos-Lozano A, Santamarina A, Pareja-Galeano H, Sanchis-Gomar F, Fiuza-Luces C, Cristi-Montero C, Bernal-Pino A, Lucia A, Garatachea N. The genetics of exceptional longevity: Insights from centenarians. Maturitas 2016; 90:49-57. [PMID: 27282794 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As the world population ages, so the prevalence increases of individuals aged 100 years or more, known as centenarians. Reaching this age has been described as exceptional longevity (EL) and is attributed to both genetic and environmental factors. Many genetic variations known to affect life expectancy exist in centenarians. This review of studies conducted on centenarians and supercentenarians (older than 110 years) updates knowledge of the impacts on longevity of the twenty most widely investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Santos-Lozano
- Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre ('i+12'), Madrid, Spain; GIDFYS, Department of Health Sciences, European University Miguel de Cervantes, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Helios Pareja-Galeano
- Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre ('i+12'), Madrid, Spain; European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Carlos Cristi-Montero
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | | | - Alejandro Lucia
- Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre ('i+12'), Madrid, Spain; European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Garatachea
- Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre ('i+12'), Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Fisiatría y Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte, GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) research group, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón -IA2- (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Zaragoza, Spain.
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14
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Human longevity: Genetics or Lifestyle? It takes two to tango. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2016; 13:12. [PMID: 27053941 PMCID: PMC4822264 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-016-0066-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Healthy aging and longevity in humans are modulated by a lucky combination of genetic and non-genetic factors. Family studies demonstrated that about 25 % of the variation in human longevity is due to genetic factors. The search for genetic and molecular basis of aging has led to the identification of genes correlated with the maintenance of the cell and of its basic metabolism as the main genetic factors affecting the individual variation of the aging phenotype. In addition, studies on calorie restriction and on the variability of genes associated with nutrient-sensing signaling, have shown that ipocaloric diet and/or a genetically efficient metabolism of nutrients, can modulate lifespan by promoting an efficient maintenance of the cell and of the organism. Recently, epigenetic studies have shown that epigenetic modifications, modulated by both genetic background and lifestyle, are very sensitive to the aging process and can either be a biomarker of the quality of aging or influence the rate and the quality of aging. On the whole, current studies are showing that interventions modulating the interaction between genetic background and environment is essential to determine the individual chance to attain longevity.
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15
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Villa F, Malovini A, Carrizzo A, Spinelli CC, Ferrario A, Maciąg A, Madonna M, Bellazzi R, Milanesi L, Vecchione C, Puca AA. Serum BPIFB4 levels classify health status in long-living individuals. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2015; 12:27. [PMID: 26675039 PMCID: PMC4678610 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-015-0054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People that reach extreme ages (Long-Living Individuals, LLIs) are object of intense investigation for increase/decrease of genetic variant frequencies, genetic methylation levels, protein abundance in serum and tissues. The aim of these studies is the discovery of the mechanisms behind LLIs extreme longevity and the identification of markers of well-being. We have recently associated a BPIFB4 haplotype (LAV) with exceptional longevity under a homozygous genetic model, and identified that CD34(+) of LLIs subjects express higher BPIFB4 transcript as compared to CD34(+) of control population. It would be of interest to correlate serum BPIFB4 protein levels with exceptional longevity and health status of LLIs. METHODS Western blots on cellular medium to detect BPIFB4 secretion in transfected HEK293T cells with plasmid carrying BPIFB4 and ELISA on LLIs serum to detect BPIFB4 levels. RESULTS Here we show that BPIFB4 is a secreted protein and its levels are increased in serum of LLIs, and high BPIFB4 levels classify their health status. CONCLUSIONS Serum BPIFB4 protein levels classify longevity and health status in LLIs. Further studies are required to evaluate the possible role of BPIFB4 in monitoring disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Villa
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20090 Segrate, MI Italy
| | - Alberto Malovini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e Informatica, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- IRCCS Neuromed - Parco Tecnologico, 86077 Pozzilli, IS Italy
| | - Chiara C Spinelli
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20090 Segrate, MI Italy
| | - Anna Ferrario
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20090 Segrate, MI Italy
| | | | - Michele Madonna
- IRCCS Neuromed - Parco Tecnologico, 86077 Pozzilli, IS Italy
| | - Riccardo Bellazzi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e Informatica, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Luciano Milanesi
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20090 Segrate, MI Italy
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- IRCCS Neuromed - Parco Tecnologico, 86077 Pozzilli, IS Italy ; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA Italy
| | - Annibale A Puca
- IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy ; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA Italy
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16
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He YH, Lu X, Yang LQ, Xu LY, Kong QP. Association of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) polymorphism with longevity in Chinese nonagenarians and centenarians. Aging (Albany NY) 2015; 6:944-56. [PMID: 25553725 PMCID: PMC4276788 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human lifespan is determined greatly by genetic factors and some investigations have identified putative genes implicated in human longevity. Although some genetic loci have been associated with longevity, most of them are difficult to replicate due to ethnic differences. In this study, we analyzed the association of 18 reported gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with longevity in 1075 samples consisting of 567 nonagenarians/centenarians and 508 younger controls using the GenomeLab SNPstream Genotyping System. Our results confirm the association of the forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) variant (rs13217795) and the ATM serine/threonine kinase (ATM) variant (rs189037) genotypes with longevity (p=0.0075 and p=0.026, using the codominant model and recessive model, respectively). Of note is that we first revealed the association of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) gene polymorphism rs11977526 with longevity in Chinese nonagenarians/centenarians (p=0.033 using the dominant model and p=0.035 using the overdominant model). The FOXO3 and IGFBP-3 form important parts of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling pathway (IGF-1) implicated in human longevity, and the ATM gene is involved in sensing DNA damage and reducing oxidative stress, therefore our results highlight the important roles of insulin pathway and oxidative stress in the longevity in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Han He
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China. KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China. KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Li-Qin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China. KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Liang-You Xu
- Dujiangyan Longevity Research Centre, Dujiangyan 611830, China
| | - Qing-Peng Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China. KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming 650223, China
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17
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Villa F, Carrizzo A, Spinelli CC, Ferrario A, Malovini A, Maciąg A, Damato A, Auricchio A, Spinetti G, Sangalli E, Dang Z, Madonna M, Ambrosio M, Sitia L, Bigini P, Calì G, Schreiber S, Perls T, Fucile S, Mulas F, Nebel A, Bellazzi R, Madeddu P, Vecchione C, Puca AA. Genetic Analysis Reveals a Longevity-Associated Protein Modulating Endothelial Function and Angiogenesis. Circ Res 2015; 117:333-45. [PMID: 26034043 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.305875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Long living individuals show delay of aging, which is characterized by the progressive loss of cardiovascular homeostasis, along with reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity, endothelial dysfunction, and impairment of tissue repair after ischemic injury. OBJECTIVE Exploit genetic analysis of long living individuals to reveal master molecular regulators of physiological aging and new targets for treatment of cardiovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS We show that the polymorphic variant rs2070325 (Ile229Val) in bactericidal/permeability-increasing fold-containing-family-B-member-4 (BPIFB4) associates with exceptional longevity, under a recessive genetic model, in 3 independent populations. Moreover, the expression of BPIFB4 is instrumental to maintenance of cellular and vascular homeostasis through regulation of protein synthesis. BPIFB4 phosphorylation/activation by protein-kinase-R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase induces its complexing with 14-3-3 and heat shock protein 90, which is facilitated by the longevity-associated variant. In isolated vessels, BPIFB4 is upregulated by mechanical stress, and its knock-down inhibits endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. In hypertensive rats and old mice, gene transfer of longevity-associated variant-BPIFB4 restores endothelial nitric oxide synthase signaling, rescues endothelial dysfunction, and reduces blood pressure levels. Furthermore, BPIFB4 is implicated in vascular repair. BPIFB4 is abundantly expressed in circulating CD34(+) cells of long living individuals, and its knock-down in endothelial progenitor cells precludes their capacity to migrate toward the chemoattractant SDF-1. In a murine model of peripheral ischemia, systemic gene therapy with longevity-associated variant-BPIFB4 promotes the recruitment of hematopoietic stem cells, reparative vascularization, and reperfusion of the ischemic muscle. CONCLUSIONS Longevity-associated variant-BPIFB4 may represent a novel therapeutic tool to fight endothelial dysfunction and promote vascular reparative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Villa
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Chiara C Spinelli
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Anna Ferrario
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Alberto Malovini
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Anna Maciąg
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Antonio Damato
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Alberto Auricchio
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Gaia Spinetti
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Elena Sangalli
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Zexu Dang
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Michele Madonna
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Mariateresa Ambrosio
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Leopoldo Sitia
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Paolo Bigini
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Gaetano Calì
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Thomas Perls
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Sergio Fucile
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Francesca Mulas
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Almut Nebel
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Riccardo Bellazzi
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.)
| | - Annibale A Puca
- From the National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy (F.V., C.C.S., A.F.); IRCCS Neuromed, Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Pozzilli (IS), Italy (A.C., A.D., M.M., M.A., S.F., C.V.); Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (A. Malovini, F.M., R.B.); IRCCS Multimedica, Cardiovascular Department, Milan, Italy (A. Maciąg, G.S., E.S., A.A.P.); Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (A.A.); TIGEM (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine), Naples, Italy (A.A.); Department of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Z.D., P.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy (L.S., P.B.); National Research Council, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), Naples, Italy (G.C.); Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University and the Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany (S.S., A.N.); Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (T.P.); Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy (S.F.); and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy (C.V., A.A.P.).
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Wei GZ, Zhu MY, Wang F, Zhao YG, Li SS, Liu TY, Luo Y, Tang WR. Paraoxonase (PON1) polymorphisms Q192R and L55M are not associated with human longevity: A meta-analysis. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2015; 49:24-31. [PMID: 25962362 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-015-0892-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic mutations in the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) encoding gene have been considered to affect mortality and of these the functional promoter region polymorphisms Q192R and L55M are among the most widely studied. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether the Q192R and L55M polymorphisms of PON1 can increase susceptibility to longevity. A meta-analysis was performed to obtain a comprehensive estimation of the association between Q192R and L55M and longevity in long-lived individuals (LLIs) aged 80 years or more. MATERIAL AND METHODS A search was carried out in the PubMed database (from January 2001 to May 2014) to obtain data on the role of PON1 polymorphisms in longevity and a pooled odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the associations. RESULTS The meta-analysis was based on 9 studies of PON1 Q192R and 5 studies of PON1 L55M that covered a total of 5086 LLIs and 4494 controls. Overall, significantly increased risks were not observed for either Q192R or L55M. The results of the statistical calculations were as follows: R vs. Q (additive model): OR = 1.080, 95% CI = 0.989-1.179, p = 0.088 and RR + RQ vs. QQ (dominant model): OR = 1.099, 95% CI = 0.975-1.240, p = 0.124; M vs. L (additive model): OR = 0.946, 95% CI = 0.862-1.039, p = 0.245 and MM + ML vs. LL (dominant model): OR = 0.951, 95% CI = 0.836-1.081, p = 0.442 for Q192R and L55M, respectively. The results did not change with an age cut-off among the LLIs of ≥ 93 years. CONCLUSION No evidence that the Q192R and L55M polymorphisms of PON1 impacted on the probability of reaching extreme ages was found although this cannot be completely ruled out; however, the possibility of population-specific effects due to the influence of and interaction between different genes or environmental factors could not be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan-Zhong Wei
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging and Tumor, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, 727 South Jingming Road, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Mei-Yan Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging and Tumor, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, 727 South Jingming Road, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging and Tumor, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, 727 South Jingming Road, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yue-Guang Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging and Tumor, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, 727 South Jingming Road, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging and Tumor, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, 727 South Jingming Road, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tong-Yang Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging and Tumor, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, 727 South Jingming Road, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging and Tumor, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, 727 South Jingming Road, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen-Ru Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging and Tumor, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, 727 South Jingming Road, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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Xu X, Liang X, Hu G, Zhang J, Lei H. Renal function and klotho gene polymorphisms among Uygur and Kazak populations in Xinjiang, China. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:44-51. [PMID: 25556925 PMCID: PMC4292765 DOI: 10.12659/msm.891213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of genetic polymorphisms of klotho gene with aging has not been thoroughly examined. Previous studies showed that longevity in the Uygurs was considerably greater than in Kazaks in Xinjiang. This study aimed to investigate the difference of renal function and Klotho gene polymorphisms between Kazak and Uygur normal populations in Xinjiang, China. MATERIAL/METHODS A total of 249 Uygur and 386 Kazak clinically normal subjects were included in this study. Four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1207568, rs564481, rs9527025, and rs9536314) of the klotho gene were genotyped using the ABI SNaPshot method. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated according to the Chinese simplified MDRD equation. RESULTS There were significant differences between Kazak and Uygur healthy populations in both allele frequencies and genotype distributions in rs9527025 and rs9536314 (P<0.05, respectively). When the subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the genotypes of the klotho gene polymorphism, in the GA+AA genotype distributions of the rs1207568, the differences I serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate between the Kazak and Uygur groups were statistically significant (P<0.05, respectively). In CC genotype of rs564481, serum creatinine was significantly higher in Kazaks compared with Uygurs (P<0.05). In GG genotype of rs9527025, serum creatinine was significantly higher in the Kazak group compared with the Uygur group (P<0.05), as well as in CG+CC genotype of rs9527025 (P<0.05). Serum creatinine was significantly higher in the Kazak group compared with the Uygur group in TT genotype of rs9536314 (P<0.05), as was GT+GG genotype of rs9536314. Haplotype analysis indicated that the frequencies of ACGT, GTGT, and GCCG haplotypes were significantly different between Kazak and Uygur healthy populations (P=0.04, P=0.018, P=0.000, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences in klotho gene rs9527025 and rs9536314 polymorphisms were found between the Uygur and Kazak populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjuan Xu
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaohui Liang
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China (mainland)
| | - Guangmei Hu
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China (mainland)
| | - Junshi Zhang
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China (mainland)
| | - Hong Lei
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China (mainland)
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Corella D, Ordovás JM. Aging and cardiovascular diseases: the role of gene-diet interactions. Ageing Res Rev 2014; 18:53-73. [PMID: 25159268 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the study of longevity, increasing importance is being placed on the concept of healthy aging rather than considering the total number of years lived. Although the concept of healthy lifespan needs to be defined better, we know that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main age-related diseases. Thus, controlling risk factors will contribute to reducing their incidence, leading to healthy lifespan. CVDs are complex diseases influenced by numerous genetic and environmental factors. Numerous gene variants that are associated with a greater or lesser risk of the different types of CVD and of intermediate phenotypes (i.e., hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes) have been successfully identified. However, despite the close link between aging and CVD, studies analyzing the genes related to human longevity have not obtained consistent results and there has been little coincidence in the genes identified in both fields. The APOE gene stands out as an exception, given that it has been identified as being relevant in CVD and longevity. This review analyzes the genomic and epigenomic factors that may contribute to this, ranging from identifying longevity genes in model organisms to the importance of gene-diet interactions (outstanding among which is the case of the TCF7L2 gene).
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Jørgensen AB, Frikke-Schmidt R, Nordestgaard BG, Tybjærg-Hansen A. Loss-of-function mutations in APOC3 and risk of ischemic vascular disease. N Engl J Med 2014; 371:32-41. [PMID: 24941082 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1308027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 665] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High plasma levels of nonfasting triglycerides are associated with an increased risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease. Whether lifelong low levels of nonfasting triglycerides owing to mutations in the gene encoding apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) are associated with a reduced risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease in the general population is unknown. METHODS Using data from 75,725 participants in two general-population studies, we first tested whether low levels of nonfasting triglycerides were associated with reduced risks of ischemic vascular disease and ischemic heart disease. Second, we tested whether loss-of-function mutations in APOC3, which were associated with reduced levels of nonfasting triglycerides, were also associated with reduced risks of ischemic vascular disease and ischemic heart disease. During follow-up, ischemic vascular disease developed in 10,797 participants, and ischemic heart disease developed in 7557 of these 10,797 participants. RESULTS Participants with nonfasting triglyceride levels of less than 1.00 mmol per liter (90 mg per deciliter) had a significantly lower incidence of cardiovascular disease than those with levels of 4.00 mmol per liter (350 mg per deciliter) or more (hazard ratio for ischemic vascular disease, 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35 to 0.54; hazard ratio for ischemic heart disease, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.52). Heterozygosity for loss-of-function mutations in APOC3, as compared with no APOC3 mutations, was associated with a mean reduction in nonfasting triglyceride levels of 44% (P<0.001). The cumulative incidences of ischemic vascular disease and ischemic heart disease were reduced in heterozygotes as compared with noncarriers of APOC3 mutations (P=0.009 and P=0.05, respectively), with corresponding risk reductions of 41% (hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.86; P=0.007) and 36% (hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.99; P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Loss-of-function mutations in APOC3 were associated with low levels of triglycerides and a reduced risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease. (Funded by the European Union and others.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Berg Jørgensen
- From Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (A.B.J., R.F.-S., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet (A.B.J., R.F.-S., A.T.-H.), the Department of Clinical Biochemistry (B.G.N.) and the Copenhagen General Population Study (R.F.-S., B.G.N., A.T.-H.), Herlev Hospital, and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, Frederiksberg Hospital (B.G.N., A.T.-H.) - all in Copenhagen
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22
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We are ageing. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:808307. [PMID: 25045704 PMCID: PMC4090574 DOI: 10.1155/2014/808307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Ageing and longevity is unquestioningly complex. Several thoughts and mechanisms of ageing such as pathways involved in oxidative stress, lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, DNA damage and repair, growth hormone axis and insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF), and environmental exposure have been proposed. Also, some theories of ageing were introduced. To date, the most promising leads for longevity are caloric restriction, particularly target of rapamycin (TOR), sirtuins, hexarelin and hormetic responses. This review is an attempt to analyze the mechanisms and theories of ageing and achieving longevity.
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Li Q, Huang P, He QC, Lin QZ, Wu J, Yin RX. Association between the CETP polymorphisms and the risk of Alzheimer's disease, carotid atherosclerosis, longevity, and the efficacy of statin therapy. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:1513.e13-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Di Bona D, Accardi G, Virruso C, Candore G, Caruso C. Association of Klotho polymorphisms with healthy aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rejuvenation Res 2014; 17:212-6. [PMID: 24164579 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2013.1523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Today it is clearly evident that genetic background constitutes an integral part of aging and longevity. Many studies on long-lived people have been conducted emphasizing the role of certain genes in long life. Classic case-control studies, genome-wide association studies, and high-throughput sequencing have permitted identification of a variety of genetic variants seemingly associated with longevity. Over the years, aging research has focused on the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling pathway because of its evolutionarily conserved correlation with life-span extension in model animals. Indeed, many single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with longevity were identified in genes encoding proteins that take part in this metabolic pathway. Closely related to this pathway is the Klotho gene. It encodes a type-I membrane protein expressed in two forms, membrane and secreted. The latter form suppresses oxidative stress and growth factor signaling and regulates ion channels and transporters. In particular, its over-expression seems to be able to suppress insulin/IGF-1 signaling extending life span. Thus, our aim was to assemble the results in the literature concerning the association between the functional variant of the Klotho "KL-VS" stretch, which contains six polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium, and successful aging to quantify the possible effect of the variants. The results of our systematic review indicate that the Klotho KL-VS variant is associated with healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Di Bona
- 1 Immunosenescence Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Medical and Forensic Biotechnologies, University Hospital, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
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Sun L, Hu CY, Shi XH, Zheng CG, Huang ZZ, Lv ZP, Huang J, Wan G, Qi KY, Liang SY, Zhou L, Yang Z. Trans-ethnical shift of the risk genotype in the CETP I405V with longevity: a Chinese case-control study and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72537. [PMID: 23977315 PMCID: PMC3744487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The I405V polymorphism of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene (CETP) has been suggested to be a protective factor conferring longevity in Ashkenazi Jews, although findings in other races are not supportive. This paper describes a case-control study and a meta-analysis conducted to derive a more precise estimation of the association between CETP 405V and longevity. METHODS We enrolled 1,021 ethnic Han Chinese participants (506 in the longevity group and 515 controls), then performed a meta-analysis that integrated the current study and previously published ones. Pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated for allele contrasts, dominant and recessive inheritance models to assess the association between CETP 405V and longevity according to the ethnic stratification. RESULTS Our case-control data indicated that CETP 405V is a longevity risk allele in all genetic models (P additive =0.008; P dominant =0.008, OR(dominant)=0.673; P recessive =0.017, OR(recessive)=0.654) after adjustment for the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele, body mass index and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. A synergy was detected between 405V and APOE ε4 (P=0.001, OR=0.530). Eight studies were eligible for meta-analysis, which confirmed 405V is the risky allele against longevity in all genetic models: allele contrasts (OR=0.81, 95%CI=0.74-0.88), dominant model (OR=0.72, 95%CI=0.64-0.82) and recessive model (OR=0.80, 95%CI=0.67-0.96). After ethnic stratification, 405V remained a risk allele in East Asians but no significant association was found in Europeans or white Americans. CONCLUSION Our case-control study suggests CETP 405V as a risk allele against longevity in Chinese. The meta-analysis suggests the involvement of CETP 405V is protective in Ashkenazi Jews but is a risk allele against longevity in the East Asian (Chinese) population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital and Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Cai-you Hu
- Department of Neurology, JiangBin Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao-hong Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital and Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-guang Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ze-zhi Huang
- Yongfu Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, Yongfu, Guangxi, China
| | - Ze-ping Lv
- Department of Neurology, JiangBin Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jin Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital and Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Wan
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital and Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-yan Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital and Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Si-ying Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital and Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Beijing Youth Science and Technology Club, Beijing, China
| | - Ze Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital and Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
The field of nutrigenomics shows tremendous promise for improved understanding of the effects of dietary intake on health. The knowledge that metabolic pathways may be altered in individuals with genetic variants in the presence of certain dietary exposures offers great potential for personalized nutrition advice. However, although considerable resources have gone into improving technology for measurement of the genome and biological systems, dietary intake assessment remains inadequate. Each of the methods currently used has limitations that may be exaggerated in the context of gene × nutrient interaction in large multiethnic studies. Because of the specificity of most gene × nutrient interactions, valid data are needed for nutrient intakes at the individual level. Most statistical adjustment efforts are designed to improve estimates of nutrient intake distributions in populations and are unlikely to solve this problem. An improved method of direct measurement of individual usual dietary intake that is unbiased across populations is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Concetti F, Lucarini N, Carpi FM, Di Pietro F, Dato S, Capitani M, Nabissi M, Santoni G, Mignini F, Passarino G, Napolioni V. The functional VNTR MNS16A of the TERT gene is associated with human longevity in a population of Central Italy. Exp Gerontol 2013; 48:587-92. [PMID: 23562826 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomerase, encoded by TERT, is the ribonucleoprotein polymerase that maintains telomere ends and it plays a crucial role in cellular senescence. TERT single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated both with various malignancies and telomere length (TL). The association of TERT SNPs with longevity remains uncertain and varies with ethnicity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the functional variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) MNS16A of TERT is associated with longevity. METHODS MNS16A genotypes have been determined for 1072 unrelated healthy individuals from Central Italy (18-106 years old) divided into three gender-specific age classes defined according to demographic information and accounting for the different survivals between sexes: for men (women), the first class consists of individuals <66 years old (<73 years old), the second class of individuals 66-88 years old (73-91 years old), and the third class of individuals >88 years old (>91 years old). TL was assessed using genomic DNA from whole blood of 72 selected individuals by a multiplex real-time PCR assay. RESULTS MNS16A appears associated to longevity, showing significant associations in Comparison 2 (Age Class 3 vs. Age Class 2) under both additive (odds ratio [O.R.] 0.749; p=0.019) and dominant (O.R. 0.579; p=0.011) models. The MNS16A*L allele is significantly underrepresented in Age Class 3 (O.R. 0.759; p=0.020) compared to Age Class 2. A significant telomere attrition is reported along the three age classes (p=0.0001), that remains significant only in L*/L* genotype carriers (p=0.002) when the analysis was conducted according to MNS16A genotype. CONCLUSIONS The TERT MNS16A*L allele appears negatively associated with longevity. The concomitant significant telomere cross sectional attrition rate observed for L*/L* genotype suggests that this polymorphism could influence human longevity by affecting TL.
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Soerensen M, Dato S, Tan Q, Thinggaard M, Kleindorp R, Beekman M, Suchiman HED, Jacobsen R, McGue M, Stevnsner T, Bohr VA, de Craen AJM, Westendorp RGJ, Schreiber S, Slagboom PE, Nebel A, Vaupel JW, Christensen K, Christiansen L. Evidence from case-control and longitudinal studies supports associations of genetic variation in APOE, CETP, and IL6 with human longevity. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 35:487-500. [PMID: 22234866 PMCID: PMC3592963 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9373-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated 102 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering the common genetic variation in 16 genes recurrently regarded as candidates for human longevity: APOE; ACE; CETP; HFE; IL6; IL6R; MTHFR; TGFB1; APOA4; APOC3; SIRTs 1, 3, 6; and HSPAs 1A, 1L, 14. In a case-control study of 1,089 oldest-old (ages 92-93) and 736 middle-aged Danes, the minor allele frequency (MAF) of rs769449 (APOE) was significantly decreased in the oldest-old, while the MAF of rs9923854 (CETP) was significantly enriched. These effects were supported when investigating 1,613 oldest-old (ages 95-110) and 1,104 middle-aged Germans. rs769449 was in modest linkage equilibrium (R (2)=0.55) with rs429358 of the APOE-ε4 haplotype and adjusting for rs429358 eliminated the association of rs769449, indicating that the association likely reflects the well-known effect of rs429358. Gene-based analysis confirmed the effects of variation in APOE and CETP and furthermore pointed to HSPA14 as a longevity gene. In a longitudinal study with 11 years of follow-up on survival in the oldest-old Danes, only one SNP, rs2069827 (IL6), was borderline significantly associated with survival from age 92 (P-corrected=0.064). This advantageous effect of the minor allele was supported when investigating a Dutch longitudinal cohort (N=563) of oldest-old (age 85+). Since rs2069827 was located in a putative transcription factor binding site, quantitative RNA expression studies were conducted. However, no difference in IL6 expression was observed between rs2069827 genotype groups. In conclusion, we here support and expand the evidence suggesting that genetic variation in APOE, CETP, and IL6, and possible HSPA14, is associated with human longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Soerensen
- The Danish Aging Research Center, Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark.
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Kolovou G, Kolovou V, Vasiliadis I, Giannakopoulou V, Mihas C, Bilianou H, Kollia A, Papadopoulou E, Marvaki A, Goumas G, Kalogeropoulos P, Limperi S, Katsiki N, Mavrogeni S. The frequency of 4 common gene polymorphisms in nonagenarians, centenarians, and average life span individuals. Angiology 2013; 65:210-5. [PMID: 23389097 DOI: 10.1177/0003319712475075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) such as rs1799752, nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) such as rs28362491 and cholesteryl ester transport protein (CETP) such as rs708272 (TaqB1) and rs5882 (I405V) were evaluated in nonagenarians, centenarians, and average life span individuals (controls). The study population (n = 307; 190 nonagenarians, 12 centenarians and 105 middle-aged controls) was genotyped for ACE, NFkB, and CETP genetic variants. The age of nonagenarian and centenarian group ranged between 90 and 111 years; centenarians and controls age ranged from 99 to 111, and from 18 to 80 years, respectively. The I carriers of ACE I/D gene were fewer in nonagenarians compared to centenarians (37.6% vs 62.5%, P = .016). The I carriers of ACE gene were more frequent in centenarians compared to controls (62% vs 41%, P = .045). No differences in frequency of common NFkB and CETP genotypes between patients with exceptional longevity and middle-aged patients were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genovefa Kolovou
- 1Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center Athens, Greece
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Vargas-Alarcón G, Flores-Domínguez C. Detecting polymorphisms in human longevity studies: HLA typing and SNP genotyping by amplicon sequencing. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1048:215-228. [PMID: 23929108 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-556-9_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Life expectancy has always been associated to several determinants, such as environmental and genetic factors. Studies have related human lifespan as being 25-32 % due to genetic polymorphisms between individuals associated to longevity and aging. Nonetheless, no single gene will convey a phenotype like longevity. Aging is a process that occurs from changes in various levels of the cell, from genes to functions. Longevity is the ability to cope and repair the damage that results from these changes. It has been described as the result of an optimal performance of immune system and as an overexpression of anti-inflammatory sequence variants of immune/inflammatory genes.Longevity gene candidates can be separated into the following categories: inflammatory and immune-related, stress response elements, mediators of glucose and lipid metabolism, DNA repair components and cellular proliferation, and DNA haplogroups.Studies have related lifespan with Common Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs); polygenic effects can explain an important part of how genetics influence it. In this chapter we describe how to sequence Class I HLA allele polymorphism, as well as SNP sequencing, two methodologies most frequently used in polymorphism detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
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Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein gene -493G/T polymorphism and its association with serum lipid levels in Bama Zhuang long-living families in China. Lipids Health Dis 2012; 11:177. [PMID: 23273182 PMCID: PMC3554484 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-11-177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The -493G/T polymorphism in the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) gene is associated with lower serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels and longevity in several populations, but the results are inconsistent in different racial/ethnic groups. The current study was to investigate the plausible association of MTP -493G/T polymorphism with serum lipid levels and longevity in Zhuang long-lived families residing in Bama area, a famous home of longevity in Guangxi, China. METHODS The MTP -493G/T was genotyped by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 391 Bama Zhuang long-lived families (BLF, n = 1467, age 56.60 ± 29.43 years) and four control groups recruited from Bama and out-of-Bama area with or without a familial history of exceptional longevity: Bama non-long-lived families (BNLF, n = 586, age 44.81 ± 26.83 years), Bama non-Zhuang long-lived families (BNZLF, n = 444, age 52.09 ± 31.91 years), Pingguo long-lived families (PLF, n = 658, age 50.83 ± 30.30 years), and Pingguo non-long-lived families (PNLF, n = 539, age 38.74 ± 24.69 years). Correlation analyses between genotypes and serum lipid levels and longevity were then performed. RESULTS No particularly favorable lipoprotein and clinical phenotypes were seen in BLF as compared to general families in the same area. Instead, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), TG, LDL-C, and the prevalence of dyslipidemia were significantly higher in the three Bama families as compared to the two non-Bama families (P < 0.01 for all). There were no differences in the allelic and genotypic frequencies among the tested cohorts (P > 0.05 for all), but the TT genotype tended to enrich in the three long-lived cohorts from both areas. In addition, the individuals harboring TT genotype exhibited lower LDL-C and TC levels in the overall populations and Bama populations with a region- and sex-specific pattern. Multiple linear regression analyses unraveled that LDL-C levels were correlated with genotypes in Bama combined population, BNLF, and the total population (P < 0.05 for each) but not in Pingguo populations; TC and HDL-C levels were correlated with genotypes in Bama combined population and BLF, respectively (P < 0.05 for each). CONCLUSIONS MTP -493G/T polymorphism may play an important role in fashioning the serum lipid profiles of Bama populations, despite no direct association between MTP -493G/T and longevity was detected.
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Piaceri I, Bagnoli S, Tedde A, Sorbi S, Nacmias B. Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) genetic variant in Italian centenarians. Neurol Sci 2012; 34:573-5. [PMID: 22960875 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-012-1188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lifespan is attributable to genetic factors and some studies have attempted to identify putative genes implicated in human longevity. Several genetic loci have been associated with longevity, but some of these are not replicable, probably due to the vast differences among ethnicities. We analyzed in 128 Italian long-lived individuals and 150 unrelated healthy subjects, the recently reported association between rs189037 in the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated gene promoter and longevity in Chinese nonagenarians/centenarians. Our study confirms the association between the rs189037 C/T genotype and longevity in Italian centenarians, with an odds ratio of 1.85 (95 % CI 0.99-3.45). To understand the genetic basis for longevity is an extraordinarily difficult task, and therefore it is important to replicate any positive findings, especially if detected in other ethnic groups, in order to reach reliable conclusions on the real effect that candidate genes have on longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Piaceri
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence and Centro di Ricerca, Trasferimento e Alta Formazione DENOTHE, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
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Paroni G, Seripa D, Panza F, Addante F, Copetti M, D’Onofrio G, Pellegrini F, Fontana L, Pilotto A. Klotho locus, metabolic traits, and serum hemoglobin in hospitalized older patients: a genetic association analysis. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 34:949-968. [PMID: 21695423 PMCID: PMC3682056 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9273-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Klotho (KL) gene has been involved in severe alterations of physiological biochemical parameters leading to premature aging-like phenotypes and strikingly shortening lifespan. KL participates to the regulation of a number of intracellular biochemical pathways, including lipid profile and glucose metabolism. Aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between KL locus and biological parameters commonly accepted as indicators of the clinical status in hospitalized older patients. We genotyped the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs9536314, rs1207568, and rs564481 at the KL locus in 594 hospitalized older patients (65-99 years), consecutively attending a geriatric ward, and tested the association of these KL variants with biological quantitative traits using analyses of covariance and genetic risk score models. Significant associations of rs9536314 with serum levels of hemoglobin, albumin, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as well as significant associations of rs564481 with serum levels of hemoglobin, fasting insulin, and fasting glucose were observed. Gender-segregated analyses confirmed these associations, and suggested that the associations of KL genotypes with HDL-C, fasting glucose and fasting insulin levels may be driven by the female gender, while the association with serum levels of hemoglobin may be driven by the male gender. The association of KL genotypes with creatinine levels was found only in females, while the association with insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and lymphocytes count (LC) was found only in males. The genetic risk score (GRS) models further confirmed significant associations among KL SNPs and hemoglobin, total cholesterol, and HDL-C. Gender-segregated analyses with the GRS-tagged approach confirmed the associations with HDL-C, fasting glucose, and fasting insulin levels in females, and with hemoglobin and LC in males. Our findings suggested that KL locus may influence quantitative traits such as serum levels of lipid, fasting glucose, albumin and hemoglobin in hospitalized older patients, with some gender differences suggested for creatinine, IGF-1 levels, and LC, thus being one of the genetic factors possibly contributing to age-related diseases and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Paroni
- />Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatric Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia Italy
| | - Davide Seripa
- />Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatric Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia Italy
| | - Francesco Panza
- />Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatric Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia Italy
| | - Filomena Addante
- />Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatric Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- />Unit of Biostatistic, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia Italy
| | - Grazia D’Onofrio
- />Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatric Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia Italy
| | - Fabio Pellegrini
- />Unit of Biostatistic, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia Italy
- />Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology of Diabetes and Chronic Diseases, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Fontana
- />Division of Nutrition and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Pilotto
- />Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatric Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia Italy
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Conneely KN, Capell BC, Erdos MR, Sebastiani P, Solovieff N, Swift AJ, Baldwin CT, Budagov T, Barzilai N, Atzmon G, Puca AA, Perls TT, Geesaman BJ, Boehnke M, Collins FS. Human longevity and common variations in the LMNA gene: a meta-analysis. Aging Cell 2012; 11:475-81. [PMID: 22340368 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2012.00808.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A mutation in the LMNA gene is responsible for the most dramatic form of premature aging, Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). Several recent studies have suggested that protein products of this gene might have a role in normal physiological cellular senescence. To explore further LMNA's possible role in normal aging, we genotyped 16 SNPs over a span of 75.4 kb of the LMNA gene on a sample of long-lived individuals (LLI) (US Caucasians with age ≥ 95 years, N=873) and genetically matched younger controls (N=443). We tested all common nonredundant haplotypes (frequency ≥ 0.05) based on subgroups of these 16 SNPs for association with longevity. The most significant haplotype, based on four SNPs, remained significant after adjustment for multiple testing (OR=1.56, P=2.5 × 10(-5) , multiple-testing-adjusted P=0.0045). To attempt to replicate these results, we genotyped 3619 subjects from four independent samples of LLI and control subjects from (i) the New England Centenarian Study (NECS) (N=738), (ii) the Southern Italian Centenarian Study (SICS) (N=905), (iii) France (N=1103), and (iv) the Einstein Ashkenazi Longevity Study (N= 702). We replicated the association with the most significant haplotype from our initial analysis in the NECS sample (OR=1.60, P=0.0023), but not in the other three samples (P > 0.15). In a meta-analysis combining all five samples, the best haplotype remained significantly associated with longevity after adjustment for multiple testing in the initial and follow-up samples (OR=1.18, P=7.5 × 10(-4) , multiple-testing-adjusted P=0.037). These results suggest that LMNA variants may play a role in human lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen N Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Yashin AI, Wu D, Arbeev KG, Ukraintseva SV. Polygenic effects of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms on life span: when association meets causality. Rejuvenation Res 2012; 15:381-94. [PMID: 22533364 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2011.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently we have shown that the human life span is influenced jointly by many common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), each with a small individual effect. Here we investigate further the polygenic influence on life span and discuss its possible biological mechanisms. First we identified six sets of prolongevity SNP alleles in the Framingham Heart Study 550K SNPs data, using six different statistical procedures (normal linear, Cox, and logistic regressions; generalized estimation equation; mixed model; gene frequency method). We then estimated joint effects of these SNPs on human survival. We found that alleles in each set show significant additive influence on life span. Twenty-seven SNPs comprised the overlapping set of SNPs that influenced life span, regardless of the statistical procedure. The majority of these SNPs (74%) were within genes, compared to 40% of SNPs in the original 550K set. We then performed a review of current literature on functions of genes closest to these 27 SNPs. The review showed that the respective genes are largely involved in aging, cancer, and brain disorders. We concluded that polygenic effects can explain a substantial portion of genetic influence on life span. Composition of the set of prolongevity alleles depends on the statistical procedure used for the allele selection. At the same time, there is a core set of longevity alleles that are selected with all statistical procedures. Functional relevance of respective genes to aging and major diseases supports causal relationships between the identified SNPs and life span. The fact that genes found in our and other genetic association studies of aging/longevity have similar functions indicates high chances of true positive associations for corresponding genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoliy I Yashin
- Center for Population Health and Aging, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0408, USA.
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Caruso C, Passarino G, Puca A, Scapagnini G. "Positive biology": the centenarian lesson. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2012; 9:5. [PMID: 22524297 PMCID: PMC3412734 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4933-9-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The extraordinary increase of the elderly in developed countries underscore the importance of studies on ageing and longevity and the need for the prompt spread of knowledge about ageing in order to satisfactorily decrease the medical, economic and social problems associated to advancing years, because of the increased number of individuals not autonomous and affected by invalidating pathologies. Centenarians are equipped to reach the extreme limits of human life span and, most importantly, to show relatively good health, being able to perform their routine daily life and to escape fatal age-related diseases. Thus, they are the best example of extreme longevity, representing selected people in which the appearance of major age-related diseases, such as cancer, and cardiovascular diseases among others, has been consistently delayed or escaped. To discuss the relevance of genetics and life style in the attainment of longevity, five papers mostly focused on Italian centenarians have been assembled in this series. The aim is to realize, through a” positive biology” approach (rather than making diseases the central focus of research, “positive biology” seeks to understand the causes of positive phenotypes, trying to explain the biological mechanisms of health and well-being) how to prevent and/or reduce elderly frailty and disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calogero Caruso
- Department of Pathobiology and Medical and Forensic Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134, Palermo, Italy.
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Ferrario A, Villa F, Malovini A, Araniti F, Puca AA. The application of genetics approaches to the study of exceptional longevity in humans: potential and limitations. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2012; 9:7. [PMID: 22524405 PMCID: PMC3407776 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4933-9-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The average life-span of the population of industrialized countries has improved enormously over the last decades. Despite evidence pointing to the role of food intake in modulating life-span, exceptional longevity is still considered primarily an inheritable trait, as pointed out by the description of families with centenarian clusters and by the elevated relative probability of siblings of centenarians to become centenarians themselves. However, rather than being two separate concepts, the genetic origin of exceptional longevity and the more recently observed environment-driven increase in the average age of the population could possibly be explained by the same genetic variants and environmentally modulated mechanisms (caloric restriction, specific nutrients). In support of this hypothesis, polymorphisms selected for in the centenarian population as a consequence of demographic pressure have been found to modulate cellular signals controlled also by caloric restriction. Here, we give an overview of the recent findings in the field of the genetics of human exceptional longevity, of how some of the identified polymorphisms modulate signals also influenced by food intake and caloric restriction, of what in our view have been the limitations of the approaches used over the past years to study genetics (sib-pair-, candidate gene association-, and genome-wide association-studies), and briefly of the limitations and the potential of the new, high-throughput, next-generation sequencing techniques applied to exceptional longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ferrario
- IRCCS Multimedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy.
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Huffman DM, Deelen J, Ye K, Bergman A, Slagboom EP, Barzilai N, Atzmon G. Distinguishing between longevity and buffered-deleterious genotypes for exceptional human longevity: the case of the MTP gene. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2012; 67:1153-60. [PMID: 22496539 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gls103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The single nucleotide polymorphism, rs2866164, in the MTP gene, has been associated with human longevity but has not been validated by subsequent longevity studies. Using our population of Ashkenazi Jews, we find that the MTP CC genotype is significantly overrepresented in centenarians and their offspring, as compared with controls (p < .05). However, when we examined MTP CC genotype frequency pattern with aging, we observed a monotonic decline between ages 55-85 years followed by a dramatic enrichment after age 90 years, forming a U-shape pattern (p < .05). Furthermore, the MTP CC genotype was buffered by three validated longevity genotypes (p < .05). This buffering effect was found to confer an enrichment of the MTP CC genotype in centenarians, whereas their absence in CC controls resulted in poorer survivorship (p < .05). Thus, we conclude that MTP CC is a buffered-deleterious genotype and that assessing genotype frequency across aging is essential for discerning longevity from buffered-deleterious genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M Huffman
- Department of Medicine, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
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Flachsbart F, Ufer M, Kleindorp R, Nikolaus S, Schreiber S, Nebel A. Genetic Variation in the CYP2C Monooxygenase Enzyme Subfamily Shows No Association With Longevity in a German Population. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2011; 66:1186-91. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glr117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Wheeler HE, Kim SK. Genetics and genomics of human ageing. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2011; 366:43-50. [PMID: 21115529 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing in humans is typified by the decline of physiological functions in various organs and tissues leading to an increased probability of death. Some individuals delay, escape or survive much of this age-related decline and live past age 100. Studies comparing centenarians to average-aged individuals have found polymorphisms in genes that are associated with long life, including APOE and FOXOA3, which have been replicated many times. However, the associations found in humans account for small percentages of the variance in lifespan and many other gene associations have not been replicated in additional populations. Therefore, ageing is probably a highly polygenic trait. In humans, it is important to also consider differences in age-related decline that occur within and among tissues. Longitudinal data of age-related traits can be used in association studies to test for polymorphisms that predict how an individual will change over time. Transcriptional and genetic association studies of different tissues have revealed common and unique pathways involved in human ageing. Genomic convergence is a method that combines multiple types of functional genomic information such as transcriptional profiling, expression quantitative trait mapping and gene association. The genomic convergence approach has been used to implicate the gene MMP20 in human kidney ageing. New human genetics technologies are continually in development and may lead to additional breakthroughs in human ageing in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E Wheeler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Kim WJ, Oh YM, Kim TH, Lee JH, Kim EK, Lee JH, Lee SM, Shin TR, Yoon HI, Lim SY, Lee SD. Lack of Association between theKlothoGene and COPD. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2011. [DOI: 10.4046/trd.2011.71.4.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Yeon-Mok Oh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Min Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Lung Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Rim Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hanllym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Il Yoon
- Respiratory Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seong-Yong Lim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Do Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Gögele M, Pattaro C, Fuchsberger C, Minelli C, Pramstaller PP, Wjst M. Heritability analysis of life span in a semi-isolated population followed across four centuries reveals the presence of pleiotropy between life span and reproduction. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010; 66:26-37. [PMID: 20884848 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glq163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although genetic factors are known to influence the human aging process, the proportion of life span and longevity variation explained by them is still controversial. We evaluated the genetic contribution to life span using historical data from three Alpine communities in South Tyrol, Italy. We estimated the heritability of life span and survival to old age (longevity), and we assessed the hypothesis of a common genetic background between life span and reproduction. The heritability of life span was 0.15 (SE = 0.02), whereas the heritability of longevity increased from 0.20 to 0.35 as the longevity threshold increased. Heritability estimates were little influenced by shared environment, most likely due to the homogeneity of lifestyle and environmental factors in our study population. Life span showed both positive association and genetic correlation with reproductive history factors. Our study demonstrates a general low inheritance of human life span, but which increases substantially when considering long-living individuals, and a common genetic background of life span and reproduction, in agreement with evolutionary theories of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gögele
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano Research, Viale Druso/Drususallee, 1 39100 Bolzano/Bozen, Italy.
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Boyden SE, Kunkel LM. High-density genomewide linkage analysis of exceptional human longevity identifies multiple novel loci. PLoS One 2010; 5:e12432. [PMID: 20824210 PMCID: PMC2930849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human lifespan is approximately 25% heritable, and genetic factors may be particularly important for achieving exceptional longevity. Accordingly, siblings of centenarians have a dramatically higher probability of reaching extreme old age than the general population. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS To map the loci conferring a survival advantage, we performed the second genomewide linkage scan on human longevity and the first using a high-density marker panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms. By systematically testing a range of minimum age cutoffs in 279 families with multiple long-lived siblings, we identified a locus on chromosome 3p24-22 with a genomewide significant allele-sharing LOD score of 4.02 (empirical P = 0.037) and a locus on chromosome 9q31-34 with a highly suggestive LOD score of 3.89 (empirical P = 0.054). The empirical P value for the combined result was 0.002. A third novel locus with a LOD score of 4.05 on chromosome 12q24 was detected in a subset of the data, and we also obtained modest evidence for a previously reported interval on chromosome 4q22-25. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our linkage data should facilitate the discovery of both common and rare variants that determine genetic variability in lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven E. Boyden
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Genomics, Division of Genetics, and The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Louis M. Kunkel
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Genomics, Division of Genetics, and The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Caliebe A, Kleindorp R, Blanché H, Christiansen L, Puca AA, Rea IM, Slagboom E, Flachsbart F, Christensen K, Rimbach G, Schreiber S, Nebel A. No or only population-specific effect of PON1 on human longevity: a comprehensive meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2010; 9:238-44. [PMID: 20362697 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Revised: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) has been suggested as a plausible candidate gene for human longevity due to its modulation of cardiovascular disease risk, by preventing oxidation of atherogenic low-density lipoprotein. The role of the PON1 192 Q/R polymorphism has been analyzed for association with survival at old age in several populations, albeit with controversial results. To reconcile the conflicting evidence, we performed a large association study with two samples of 2357 Germans and 1025 French, respectively. We combined our results with those from seven previous studies in the largest and most comprehensive meta-analysis on PON1 192 Q/R and longevity to-date, to include a total of 9580 individuals. No significant association of PON1 192 Q/R with longevity was observed, for either R allele or carriership. This finding relied on very large sample sizes, is supported by different analysis methods and is therefore considered very robust. Moreover, we have investigated a potential interaction of PON1 192 Q/R with APOE epsilon4 using data from four populations. Whereas a significant result was found in the German sample, this could not be confirmed in the other examined groups. Our large-scale meta-analysis provided no evidence that the PON1 192 Q/R polymorphism is associated with longevity, but this does not exclude the possibility of population-specific effects due to the influence of, and interaction between, different genetic and/or environmental factors (e.g. diet).
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SNP-SNP interactions within APOE gene influence plasma lipids in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Rheumatol Int 2010; 31:421-3. [PMID: 20340021 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-010-1449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Acevedo SF, Piper BJ, Craytor MJ, Benice TS, Raber J. Apolipoprotein E4 and sex affect neurobehavioral performance in primary school children. Pediatr Res 2010; 67:293-9. [PMID: 19952867 PMCID: PMC2853744 DOI: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e3181cb8e68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) and female sex are risk factors for developing Alzheimer's disease. It is unclear whether apoE4 contributes to behavioral function at younger ages. Standard neuropsychological assessments [intelligence quotient (IQ), attention, and executive function] and a test developed in this laboratory (Memory Island test of spatial learning and memory) were used to determine whether E4 and sex affect neuropsychological performance in healthy primary school children (age 7-10). A medical history was also obtained from the mother to determine whether negative birth outcomes were associated with apoE4. Mothers of apoE4+ children were more likely to report that their newborn was placed in an intensive care unit. A sex difference in birth weight was noted among apoE4- (males > females), but not apoE4+, offspring. Conversely, among apoE4+, but not apoE4- children, there was a sex difference in the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) vocabulary score favoring boys. ApoE4- girls had better visual recall than apoE4+ girls or apoE4- boys on the Family Pictures test. Finally, apoE4+, unlike apoE4-, children did not show spatial memory retention during the Memory Island probe trial. Thus, apoE4 may affect neurobehavioral performance, particularly spatial memory, and antenatal health decades before any clinical expression of neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Summer F Acevedo
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
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Delgado-Lista J, Perez-Jimenez F, Ruano J, Perez-Martinez P, Fuentes F, Criado-Garcia J, Parnell LD, Garcia-Rios A, Ordovas JM, Lopez-Miranda J. Effects of variations in the APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster on different parameters of postprandial lipid metabolism in healthy young men. J Lipid Res 2010; 51:63-73. [PMID: 19592705 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m800527-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster encodes important regulators of fasting lipids, but the majority of lipid metabolism takes place in the postprandial state and knowledge about gene regulation in this state is scarce. With the aim of characterizing possible regulators of lipid metabolism, we studied the effects of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) during postprandial lipid metabolism. Eighty-eight healthy young men were genotyped for APOA1 -2630 (rs613808), APOA1 -2803 (rs2727784), APOA1 -3012 (rs11216158), APOC3 -640 (rs2542052), APOC3 -2886 (rs2542051), APOC3 G34G (rs4520), APOA4 N147S (rs5104), APOA4 T29T (rs5092), and A4A5_inter (rs1263177) and were fed a saturated fatty acid-rich meal (1g fat/kg of weight with 60% fat, 15% protein and 25% carbohydrate). Serial blood samples were extracted for 11 h after the meal. Total cholesterol and fractions [HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, trifacylglycerols (TGs) in plasma, TG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) (large TRLs and small TRLs), apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein B] were determined. APOA1 -2803 homozygotes for the minor allele and A4A5_inter carriers showed a limited degree of postprandial lipemia. Carriers of the rare alleles of APOA4 N147S and APOA4 T29T had lower APOA1 plasma concentration during this state. APOC3 -640 was associated with altered TG kinetics but not its magnitude. We have identified new associations between SNPs in the APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster and altered postprandial lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Delgado-Lista
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CordobaSpain
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Gallicchio L, Chang HH, Christo DK, Thuita L, Huang HY, Strickland P, Ruczinski I, Clipp S, Helzlsouer KJ. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in obesity-related genes and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2009; 10:103. [PMID: 19818126 PMCID: PMC2763854 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-10-103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to examine the associations between 16 specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 8 obesity-related genes and overall and cause-specific mortality. We also examined the associations between the SNPs and body mass index (BMI) and change in BMI over time. Methods Data were analyzed from 9,919 individuals who participated in two large community-based cohort studies conducted in Washington County, Maryland in 1974 (CLUE I) and 1989 (CLUE II). DNA from blood collected in 1989 was genotyped for 16 SNPs in 8 obesity-related genes: monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), paraoxonase 1 and 2 (PON1 and PON2), leptin receptor (LEPR), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), and peroxisome proliferative activated receptor-γ and -δ (PPARG and PPARD). Data on height and weight in 1989 (CLUE II baseline) and at age 21 were collected from participants at the time of blood collection. All participants were followed from 1989 to the date of death or the end of follow-up in 2005. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to obtain the relative risk (RR) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each SNP and mortality outcomes. Results The results showed no patterns of association for the selected SNPs and the all-cause and cause-specific mortality outcomes, although statistically significant associations (p < 0.05) were observed between PPARG rs4684847 and all-cause mortality (CC: reference; CT: RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.89, 1.11; TT: RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.39, 0.93) and cancer-related mortality (CC: reference; CT: RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.82, 1.25; TT: RR 0.22, 95% CI 0.06, 0.90) and TNFα rs1799964 and cancer-related mortality (TT: reference; CT: RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.03, 1.47; CC: RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.54, 1.28). Additional analyses showed significant associations between SNPs in LEPR with BMI (rs1137101) and change in BMI over time (rs1045895 and rs1137101). Conclusion Findings from this cohort study suggest that the selected SNPs are not associated with overall or cause-specific death, although several LEPR SNPs may be related to BMI and BMI change over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gallicchio
- The Prevention and Research Center, The Weinberg Center for Women's Health & Medicine, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, USA.
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Lescai F, Marchegiani F, Franceschi C. PON1 is a longevity gene: results of a meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2009; 8:277-84. [PMID: 19376276 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2009.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Revised: 04/06/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is one of the most studied genes regarding cardiovascular risk, oxidative stress and inflammation. Several lines of evidence suggests that PON1 promotes an atheroprotective effect. Patients carrying PON1 codon 192 QQ genotype display a higher risk of cardiovascular events, the major cause of mortality in the elderly: it can be predicted that gene variants increasing the risk of mortality will be under-represented in long-living individuals. We first reported that PON1 R allele (R+) carriers are significantly more represented in Italian centenarians; subsequently this topic has been addressed by many other groups, and here we report a meta-analysis on 11 studies in different populations selected by a review of the literature available in PubMed and testing the effect of the Q192R polymorphism on human ageing. QUORUM guidelines for meta-analysis have been followed, and a total number of 5962 subjects have been included: 2795 young controls (<65 years of age) and 3167 old subjects (>65 years of age). The Mantel-Haenszel weighting for pooling in presence of a fixed effects model has been applied. The meta-analysis of R carriers showed a significant result with an overall OR of 1.16 (1.04-1.30, 95% CI, p=0.006). The meta-analysis of QR genotype also showed a significant result, with an overall OR of 1.14 (1.02-1.27, 95% CI, p=0.016). The results show that PON1 gene variants at codon 192 impact on the probability of attaining longevity, and that subjects carrying RR and QR genotypes (R+ carriers) are favoured in reaching extreme ages. These results likely represent the counterpart of the effects observed on cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as centenarians and nonagenarians escaped or delayed the onset of the major age-related diseases, including CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lescai
- CIG-Centre L. Galvani for Biophysics, Bioinformatics and Biocomplexity, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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Li Y, Wang WJ, Cao H, Lu J, Wu C, Hu FY, Guo J, Zhao L, Yang F, Zhang YX, Li W, Zheng GY, Cui H, Chen X, Zhu Z, He H, Dong B, Mo X, Zeng Y, Tian XL. Genetic association of FOXO1A and FOXO3A with longevity trait in Han Chinese populations. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 18:4897-904. [PMID: 19793722 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddp459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXO1A and FOXO3A are two members of the FoxO family. FOXO3A has recently been linked to human longevity in Japanese, German and Italian populations. Here we tested the genetic contribution of FOXO1A and FOXO3A to the longevity phenotype in Han Chinese population. Six tagging SNPs from FOXO1A and FOXO3A were selected and genotyped in 1817 centenarians and younger individuals. Two SNPs of FOXO1A were found to be associated with longevity in women (P = 0.01-0.005), whereas all three SNPs of FOXO3A were associated with longevity in both genders (P = 0.005-0.001). One SNP from FOXO1A was found not to be associated with longevity. In haplotype association tests, the OR (95% CI) for haplotypes TTG and CCG of FOXO1A in association with female longevity were 0.72 (0.58-0.90) and 1.38 (1.08-1.76), P = 0.0033 and 0.0063, respectively. The haplotypes of FOXO3A were associated with longevity in men [GTC: OR (95% CI) = 0.67 (0.51-0.86), P = 0.0014; CGT: OR (95% CI) = 1.48 (1.12-1.94), P = 0.0035] and in women [GTC: OR (95% CI) = 0.75 (0.60-0.94), P = 0.0094; CGT: OR (95% CI) = 1.47 (1.16-1.86), P = 0.0009]. The haplotype association tests were validated by permutation analysis. The association of FOXO1A with female longevity was replicated in 700 centenarians and younger individuals that were sampled geographically different from the original population. Thus, we demonstrate that, unlike FOXO3A, FOXO1A is more closely associated with human female longevity, suggesting that the genetic contribution to longevity trait may be affected by genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
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