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Richardson B, Goedert T, Quraishe S, Deinhardt K, Mudher A. How do neurons age? A focused review on the aging of the microtubular cytoskeleton. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1899-1907. [PMID: 38227514 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is the leading risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. We now understand that a breakdown in the neuronal cytoskeleton, mainly underpinned by protein modifications leading to the destabilization of microtubules, is central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. This is accompanied by morphological defects across the somatodendritic compartment, axon, and synapse. However, knowledge of what occurs to the microtubule cytoskeleton and morphology of the neuron during physiological aging is comparatively poor. Several recent studies have suggested that there is an age-related increase in the phosphorylation of the key microtubule stabilizing protein tau, a modification, which is known to destabilize the cytoskeleton in Alzheimer's disease. This indicates that the cytoskeleton and potentially other neuronal structures reliant on the cytoskeleton become functionally compromised during normal physiological aging. The current literature shows age-related reductions in synaptic spine density and shifts in synaptic spine conformation which might explain age-related synaptic functional deficits. However, knowledge of what occurs to the microtubular and actin cytoskeleton, with increasing age is extremely limited. When considering the somatodendritic compartment, a regression in dendrites and loss of dendritic length and volume is reported whilst a reduction in soma volume/size is often seen. However, research into cytoskeletal change is limited to a handful of studies demonstrating reductions in and mislocalizations of microtubule-associated proteins with just one study directly exploring the integrity of the microtubules. In the axon, an increase in axonal diameter and age-related appearance of swellings is reported but like the dendrites, just one study investigates the microtubules directly with others reporting loss or mislocalization of microtubule-associated proteins. Though these are the general trends reported, there are clear disparities between model organisms and brain regions that are worthy of further investigation. Additionally, longitudinal studies of neuronal/cytoskeletal aging should also investigate whether these age-related changes contribute not just to vulnerability to disease but also to the decline in nervous system function and behavioral output that all organisms experience. This will highlight the utility, if any, of cytoskeletal fortification for the promotion of healthy neuronal aging and potential protection against age-related neurodegenerative disease. This review seeks to summarize what is currently known about the physiological aging of the neuron and microtubular cytoskeleton in the hope of uncovering mechanisms underpinning age-related risk to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad Richardson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Thomas Goedert
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Shmma Quraishe
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Katrin Deinhardt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Amritpal Mudher
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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2
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Li JJ, Sun WD, Zhu XJ, Mei YZ, Li WS, Li JH. Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase (NNMT): A New Hope for Treating Aging and Age-Related Conditions. Metabolites 2024; 14:343. [PMID: 38921477 PMCID: PMC11205546 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex process of aging leads to a gradual deterioration in the function of cells, tissues, and the entire organism, thereby increasing the risk of disease and death. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) has attracted attention as a potential target for combating aging and its related pathologies. Studies have shown that NNMT activity increases over time, which is closely associated with the onset and progression of age-related diseases. NNMT uses S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor to facilitate the methylation of nicotinamide (NAM), converting NAM into S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) and methylnicotinamide (MNA). This enzymatic action depletes NAM, a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), and generates SAH, a precursor of homocysteine (Hcy). The reduction in the NAD+ levels and the increase in the Hcy levels are considered important factors in the aging process and age-related diseases. The efficacy of RNA interference (RNAi) therapies and small-molecule inhibitors targeting NNMT demonstrates the potential of NNMT as a therapeutic target. Despite these advances, the exact mechanisms by which NNMT influences aging and age-related diseases remain unclear, and there is a lack of clinical trials involving NNMT inhibitors and RNAi drugs. Therefore, more in-depth research is needed to elucidate the precise functions of NNMT in aging and promote the development of targeted pharmaceutical interventions. This paper aims to explore the specific role of NNMT in aging, and to evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jiang-Hua Li
- Physical Education College, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; (J.-J.L.); (W.-D.S.); (X.-J.Z.); (Y.-Z.M.); (W.-S.L.)
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3
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He LW, Guo XJ, Zhao C, Rao JS. Rehabilitation Training after Spinal Cord Injury Affects Brain Structure and Function: From Mechanisms to Methods. Biomedicines 2023; 12:41. [PMID: 38255148 PMCID: PMC10813763 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious neurological insult that disrupts the ascending and descending neural pathways between the peripheral nerves and the brain, leading to not only functional deficits in the injured area and below the level of the lesion but also morphological, structural, and functional reorganization of the brain. These changes introduce new challenges and uncertainties into the treatment of SCI. Rehabilitation training, a clinical intervention designed to promote functional recovery after spinal cord and brain injuries, has been reported to promote activation and functional reorganization of the cerebral cortex through multiple physiological mechanisms. In this review, we evaluate the potential mechanisms of exercise that affect the brain structure and function, as well as the rehabilitation training process for the brain after SCI. Additionally, we compare and discuss the principles, effects, and future directions of several rehabilitation training methods that facilitate cerebral cortex activation and recovery after SCI. Understanding the regulatory role of rehabilitation training at the supraspinal center is of great significance for clinicians to develop SCI treatment strategies and optimize rehabilitation plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Wei He
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.-W.H.); (X.-J.G.)
| | - Xiao-Jun Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.-W.H.); (X.-J.G.)
| | - Can Zhao
- Institute of Rehabilitation Engineering, China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Rao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.-W.H.); (X.-J.G.)
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Kazemi SS, Heidarianpour A, Shokri E. Effect of resistance training and high-intensity interval training on metabolic parameters and serum level of Sirtuin1 in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:177. [PMID: 37858156 PMCID: PMC10588115 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01940-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study analyzes the influence of resistance training (RT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on metabolic indices and serum levels of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in postmenopausal women who suffer from the metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS 45 postmenopausal women aged 45-65 years with MetS were divided into two intervention groups (RT and HIIT) and one control group, each consisting of 15 people. The RT group performed resistance training for both the upper and lower body, while the HIIT group completed 3 min(min) of high-intensity training at 80-90% of their maximum heart rate (HRmax), followed by moderate walking for 3 min at 55-65% of HRmax. These sessions were conducted for a duration of eight weeks and three times a week, with the samples being collected at the baseline and at the end of the treatment, i.e., week 8. RESULTS The results showed that weight, waist circumference, body mass index, fat mass, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, cholesterol, fasting blood sugar (FBS), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased, and SIRT1 increased significantly in both training groups. Systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, HbA1C, and FBS decreased more in the HIIT group. Skeletal muscle mass and 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) increased more in the RT group. CONCLUSIONS RT and HIIT serve as one of the most effective strategies for therapeutically treating patients with metabolic syndrome. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT, IRCT20221120056548N1. Registered 23 November 2022 - Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elnaz Shokri
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Mehramiz M, Porter T, O’Brien EK, Rainey-Smith SR, Laws SM. A Potential Role for Sirtuin-1 in Alzheimer's Disease: Reviewing the Biological and Environmental Evidence. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:823-843. [PMID: 37662612 PMCID: PMC10473168 DOI: 10.3233/adr-220088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin-1 (Sirt1), encoded by the SIRT1 gene, is a conserved Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent deacetylase enzyme, considered as the master regulator of metabolism in humans. Sirt1 contributes to a wide range of biological pathways via several mechanisms influenced by lifestyle, such as diet and exercise. The importance of a healthy lifestyle is of relevance to highly prevalent modern chronic diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is growing evidence at multiple levels for a role of Sirt1/SIRT1 in AD pathological mechanisms. As such, this review will explore the relevance of Sirt1 to AD pathological mechanisms, by describing the involvement of Sirt1/SIRT1 in the development of AD pathological hallmarks, through its impact on the metabolism of amyloid-β and degradation of phosphorylated tau. We then explore the involvement of Sirt1/SIRT1 across different AD-relevant biological processes, including cholesterol metabolism, inflammation, circadian rhythm, and gut microbiome, before discussing the interplay between Sirt1 and AD-related lifestyle factors, such as diet, physical activity, and smoking, as well as depression, a common comorbidity. Genome-wide association studies have explored potential associations between SIRT1 and AD, as well as AD risk factors and co-morbidities. We summarize this evidence at the genetic level to highlight links between SIRT1 and AD, particularly associations with AD-related risk factors, such as heart disease. Finally, we review the current literature of potential interactions between SIRT1 genetic variants and lifestyle factors and how this evidence supports the need for further research to determine the relevance of these interactions with respect to AD and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrane Mehramiz
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tenielle Porter
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Eleanor K. O’Brien
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Simon M. Laws
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
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6
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Naren P, Samim KS, Tryphena KP, Vora LK, Srivastava S, Singh SB, Khatri DK. Microtubule acetylation dyshomeostasis in Parkinson's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:20. [PMID: 37150812 PMCID: PMC10165769 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00354-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The inter-neuronal communication occurring in extensively branched neuronal cells is achieved primarily through the microtubule (MT)-mediated axonal transport system. This mechanistically regulated system delivers cargos (proteins, mRNAs and organelles such as mitochondria) back and forth from the soma to the synapse. Motor proteins like kinesins and dynein mechanistically regulate polarized anterograde (from the soma to the synapse) and retrograde (from the synapse to the soma) commute of the cargos, respectively. Proficient axonal transport of such cargos is achieved by altering the microtubule stability via post-translational modifications (PTMs) of α- and β-tubulin heterodimers, core components constructing the MTs. Occurring within the lumen of MTs, K40 acetylation of α-tubulin via α-tubulin acetyl transferase and its subsequent deacetylation by HDAC6 and SIRT2 are widely scrutinized PTMs that make the MTs highly flexible, which in turn promotes their lifespan. The movement of various motor proteins, including kinesin-1 (responsible for axonal mitochondrial commute), is enhanced by this PTM, and dyshomeostasis of neuronal MT acetylation has been observed in a variety of neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). PD is the second most common neurodegenerative condition and is closely associated with impaired MT dynamics and deregulated tubulin acetylation levels. Although the relationship between status of MT acetylation and progression of PD pathogenesis has become a chicken-and-egg question, our review aims to provide insights into the MT-mediated axonal commute of mitochondria and dyshomeostasis of MT acetylation in PD. The enzymatic regulators of MT acetylation along with their synthetic modulators have also been briefly explored. Moving towards a tubulin-based therapy that enhances MT acetylation could serve as a disease-modifying treatment in neurological conditions that lack it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmashri Naren
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Khan Sabiya Samim
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
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7
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Olsen A, Harpaz Z, Ren C, Shneyderman A, Veviorskiy A, Dralkina M, Konnov S, Shcheglova O, Pun FW, Leung GHD, Leung HW, Ozerov IV, Aliper A, Korzinkin M, Zhavoronkov A. Identification of dual-purpose therapeutic targets implicated in aging and glioblastoma multiforme using PandaOmics - an AI-enabled biological target discovery platform. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:2863-2876. [PMID: 37100462 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and most common primary malignant brain tumor. The age of GBM patients is considered as one of the disease's negative prognostic factors and the mean age of diagnosis is 62 years. A promising approach to preventing both GBM and aging is to identify new potential therapeutic targets that are associated with both conditions as concurrent drivers. In this work, we present a multi-angled approach of identifying targets, which takes into account not only the disease-related genes but also the ones important in aging. For this purpose, we developed three strategies of target identification using the results of correlation analysis augmented with survival data, differences in expression levels and previously published information of aging-related genes. Several studies have recently validated the robustness and applicability of AI-driven computational methods for target identification in both cancer and aging-related diseases. Therefore, we leveraged the AI predictive power of the PandaOmics TargetID engine in order to rank the resulting target hypotheses and prioritize the most promising therapeutic gene targets. We propose cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 3 (CNGA3), glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD1) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) as potential novel dual-purpose therapeutic targets to treat aging and GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Olsen
- The Youth Longevity Association, Sevenoaks, NA, United Kingdom
| | - Zachary Harpaz
- The Youth Longevity Association, Sevenoaks, NA, United Kingdom
- Pine Crest School Science Research Department, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33334, USA
| | - Christopher Ren
- Shanghai High School International Division, Shanghai 200231, China
| | - Anastasia Shneyderman
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alexander Veviorskiy
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maria Dralkina
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon Konnov
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Olga Shcheglova
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Frank W Pun
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Geoffrey Ho Duen Leung
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hoi Wing Leung
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ivan V Ozerov
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alex Aliper
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mikhail Korzinkin
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Immunohistochemical Changes in the Testicular Excurrent Duct System of Healthy, Male Japanese Quail ( Coturnix coturnix japonica) Observed at 4, 6-7, 12, and 52 Weeks of Age. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214028. [PMID: 36430504 PMCID: PMC9694578 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunolocalization of the cytoskeletal and the extracellular matrix proteins was investigated in the testicular excurrent duct system of healthy Japanese quail at 4, 6−7, 12 and 52 weeks of age. TdT dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to assess apoptotic cell formation. The epithelia of the testicular excurrent duct system in birds of all age groups displayed various immunolabeling intensities and localization of cytokeratin 5 and beta-tubulin, while α-SMA was observed in epithelia only of 4-week-old birds. In all age groups, vimentin immunostaining was observed in the rete testes and efferent ductular epithelia, but not in the epididymal duct unit. The periductal smooth muscle cells of the excurrent duct system displayed variably intense immunopositivity with cytokeratin 5, desmin, fibronectin, α-SMA, and beta-tubulin. Furthermore, beta-tubulin and vimentin immunolabeled endothelial cells and fibroblasts with various intensities, while fibronectin immunostained extracellular matrices surrounding these cells. TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells were observed in the rete testes and efferent ductular epithelia, with increased frequency (p < 0.001) in 52-week-old birds. The study serves as a baseline normal for this region in healthy birds at 4, 6−7, 12, and 52 weeks of age, for comparison in future similar immunohistochemical studies involving environmental toxins affecting this region.
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Liang D, Chen C, Huang S, Liu S, Fu L, Niu Y. Alterations of Lysine Acetylation Profile in Murine Skeletal Muscles Upon Exercise. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:859313. [PMID: 35592697 PMCID: PMC9110802 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.859313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Regular exercise is a powerful tool that enhances skeletal muscle mass and strength. Lysine acetylation is an important post-translational modification (PTM) involved in a broad array of cellular functions. Skeletal muscle protein contains a considerable number of lysine-acetylated (Kac) sites, so we aimed to investigate the effects of exercise-induced lysine acetylation on skeletal muscle proteins. Methods We randomly divided 20 male C57BL/6 mice into exercise and control groups. After 6 weeks of treadmill exercise, a lysine acetylation proteomics analysis of the gastrocnemius muscles of mice was performed. Results A total of 2,254 lysine acetylation sites in 693 protein groups were identified, among which 1,916 sites in 528 proteins were quantified. The enrichment analysis suggested that protein acetylation could influence both structural and functional muscle protein properties. Moreover, molecular docking revealed that mimicking protein deacetylation primarily influenced the interaction between substrates and enzymes. Conclusion Exercise-induced lysine acetylation appears to be a crucial contributor to the alteration of skeletal muscle protein binding free energy, suggesting that its modulation is a potential approach for improving exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehuan Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Song Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sujuan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanmei Niu
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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10
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Sabet N, Soltani Z, Khaksari M, Raji-Amirhasani A. The effects of two different dietary regimens during exercise on outcome of experimental acute kidney injury. J Inflamm (Lond) 2022; 19:2. [PMID: 35236328 PMCID: PMC8889785 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-022-00299-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome characterized by rapid loss of excretory function of kidney. Both exercise and some diets have been shown to increase silent information regulator (SIRT1) expression leading to reduction of kidney injury. In this study, the effect of two different diets during exercise on kidney function, oxidative stress, inflammation and also SIRT1 in AKI was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS A number of rats were randomly divided into four groups; control without exercise, control with exercise, exercise + calorie restriction (CR), and exercise + time restriction (TR). Each group was divided into two subgroups of without AKI and with AKI (six rats in each group). Endurance exercise and diets were implemented before AKI. Serum urea and creatinine, urinary albumin, kidney malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), transforming growth factor (TGF-β1), and SIRT1 levels, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and relative kidney weight were measured before and 24 h after AKI induction. RESULTS After induction of kidney injury, serum urea and creatinine, urinary albumin, kidney MDA and TGF-β1 levels increased in rats with both previous exercise and no previous exercise, while GFR, and kidney TAC and SIRT1 levels significantly decreased. These changes after AKI were less in the group with previous exercise than in the group that had no exercise (p <0.001). The TR diet during exercise caused a less increase in serum urea (p <0.01) and creatinine (p <0.01), and urinary albumin (p <0.001) levels after the injury compared to the just exercise group. Also, both CR and TR diets during exercise caused less change in MDA (p <0.001) and TAC (p <0.05, p <0.001, respectively) levels compared to just exercise group. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that exercise alone had no effect on preventing function impairment of kidney, oxidative stress, inflammation and also SIRT1 alteration following AKI, although these indexes were less among those with exercise than those without exercise. However, when the CR and TR diets were implemented during exercise, strong renoprotective effects appeared, and the protective effect of TR diet was greater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Sabet
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Soltani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Raji-Amirhasani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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11
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Nishigaki A, Tsubokura H, Tsuzuki-Nakao T, Okada H. Hypoxia: Role of SIRT1 and the protective effect of resveratrol in ovarian function. Reprod Med Biol 2021; 21:e12428. [PMID: 34934403 PMCID: PMC8656197 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian function is closely related to the degree of vascular network development surrounding the ovary. Maternal aging‐related construction defects in this vascular network can cause ovarian hypoxia, which impedes oocyte nutrient supply, leading to physiological changes in the ovaries and oocytes. The anti‐aging gene Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) senses and adapts to ambient stress and is associated with hypoxic environments and mitochondrial biogenesis. Methods The present study is a literature review focusing on investigations involving the changes in SIRT1 and mitochondrial expression during hypoxia and the cytoprotective effects of the SIRT1 activator, resveratrol. Main findings Hypoxia suppresses SIRT1 and mitochondrial expression. Resveratrol can reverse the hypoxia‐induced decrease in mitochondrial and SIRT1 activity. Resveratrol suppresses the production of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α and vascular endothelial growth factor proteins. Conclusion Resveratrol exhibits protective activity against hypoxic stress and may prevent hypoxia‐ or aging‐related mitochondrial dysfunction. Resveratrol treatment may be a potential option for infertility therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Nishigaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kansai Medical University Osaka Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tsubokura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kansai Medical University Osaka Japan
| | | | - Hidetaka Okada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kansai Medical University Osaka Japan
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12
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Song MK, Kim YJ, Kim SH, Yeo SG, Kim YJ. Environmental enrichment modulates silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) activity to attenuate central presbycusis in a rat model of normal aging. Exp Gerontol 2021; 155:111552. [PMID: 34530105 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is sensory impairment in the elderly. This study aimed to identify a critical molecular mechanism that can maintain young phenotypes. We focused on the effect of exposure to environmental enrichment (EE) for 12 weeks in the central auditory pathway and limbic system of aged rats. The effects of EE were compared with the effects of dexamethasone administration. We found that in 74-week-old rats hearing function was significantly reduced and the number of neuronal specific nuclear protein (NeuN)-positive cells was decreased by 10-15% in the auditory cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus. EE exposure did not significantly affect the number of neurons, but DX administration significantly decreased their numbers in the amygdala compared with untreated aged rats. Both treatments reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in the auditory pathway and limbic system. Exposure to EE significantly increased silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) expression and activity, and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) concentration. In this study, the exposure to EE resulted in attenuated age-related hearing loss accompanied by reduction of iNOS expression and increase SIRT1 activity and NAMPT level. These data showed that EE may be a potential therapeutic to prevent ARHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Song
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ju Kim
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Geun Yeo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youn-Jung Kim
- College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University·East-West Nursing Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Ji J, Tao P, Wang Q, Li L, Xu Y. SIRT1: Mechanism and Protective Effect in Diabetic Nephropathy. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:835-842. [PMID: 33121427 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666201029143606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is referred to as the microvascular complication of the kidneys induced by insufficient production of insulin or an ineffective cellular response to insulin, and is the main cause of end-stage renal disease. Currently, available therapies provide only symptomatic relief and fail to improve the outcome of diabetic nephropathy. Studies on diabetic animals had shown overexpression of SIRT1 in both podocytes and renal tubular cells attenuated proteinuria and kidney injury in the animal model of DN. Sirt1 exerts renoprotective effects in DKD in part through the deacetylation of transcription factors involved in the disease pathogenesis, such as NF-кB, Smad3, FOXO and p53. The purpose of this review is to highlight the protective mechanism of SIRT1 involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ji
- Department of Nephrology, Yueyang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Pengyu Tao
- Basic Medical School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Taian City Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lingxing Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Taian City Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuzhen Xu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
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14
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Ramis MR, Sarubbo F, Moranta D, Tejada S, Lladó J, Miralles A, Esteban S. Neurochemical and Cognitive Beneficial Effects of Moderate Physical Activity and Catechin in Aged Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040621. [PMID: 33921628 PMCID: PMC8072822 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A healthy aging process is a requirement for good life quality. A relationship between physical activity, the consumption of antioxidants and brain health has been stablished via the activation of pathways that reduce the harmful effects of oxidative stress, by inducing enzymes such as SIRT1, which is a protector of brain function. We analyzed the cognitive and neurochemical effects of applying physical exercise in elderly rats, alone or in combination with the antioxidant catechin. Several tests of spatial and episodic memory and motor coordination were evaluated. In addition, brain monoaminergic neurotransmitters and SIRT1 protein levels were assessed in the brains of the same rats. The results show that physical activity by itself improved age-related memory and learning deficits, correlating with the restoration of brain monoaminergic neurotransmitters and SIRT1 protein levels in the hippocampus. The administration of the antioxidant catechin along with the exercise program enhanced further the monoaminergic pathways, but not the other parameters studied. These results agree with previous reports revealing a neuroprotective effect of physical activity, probably based on its ability to improve the redox status of the brain, demonstrating that exercise at an advanced age, combined with the consumption of antioxidants, could produce favorable effects in terms of brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita R. Ramis
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Biology Department, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.R.R.); (F.S.); (D.M.); (S.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Fiorella Sarubbo
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Biology Department, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.R.R.); (F.S.); (D.M.); (S.T.); (A.M.)
- Research Unit, University Hospital Son Llàtzer, Crta. Manacor Km 4, 07198 Palma, Spain
| | - David Moranta
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Biology Department, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.R.R.); (F.S.); (D.M.); (S.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Silvia Tejada
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Biology Department, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.R.R.); (F.S.); (D.M.); (S.T.); (A.M.)
- CIBERON (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Jerònia Lladó
- Department of Biology and University Institute of Health Sciences Research (IUNICS-IdISBa), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain;
| | - Antoni Miralles
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Biology Department, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.R.R.); (F.S.); (D.M.); (S.T.); (A.M.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Susana Esteban
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Biology Department, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.R.R.); (F.S.); (D.M.); (S.T.); (A.M.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-971-173-145
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15
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Kim TW, Park SS, Shin MS, Park HS, Baek SS. Treadmill exercise ameliorates social isolation-induced memory impairment by enhancing silent information regulator-1 expression in rats. J Exerc Rehabil 2020; 16:227-233. [PMID: 32724779 PMCID: PMC7365728 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2040400.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of treadmill exercise on the social isolation-induced memory impairment in relation with the silent information regulator-1 (SIRT-1) was investigated. The rats in the control groups lived four in the stan-dard cages for 8 weeks. The rats in the social isolation groups lived alone in the small cages for 8 weeks. The rats in the treadmill exercise groups were subjected to run on a treadmill for 30 min once a day for 8 weeks. We used step-through avoidance test for short-term memory and Morris water maze task for spatial working memory. Immunohisto-chemistry for SIRT-1 and western blot analysis for Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) were performed. The rats in the social isolation group showed a decrease in short-term memory and spatial working memory. Treadmill exercise alleviated short-term memory and spatial working memory in the social isolation rats. SIRT-1 expression in the hippocampus was decreased in the rats of social isolation group. Treadmill exercise increased SIRT-1 expression in the social isolation rats. Bax expression was increased, Bcl-2 expression was decreased, and cleaved caspase-3 expression in the hippocampus was increased in the rats of social isolation group. Treadmill exercise decreased Bax expression, increased Bcl-2 expression, and decreased cleaved caspase-3 expression in the social isolation rats. Hippocampal BDNF and TrkB expression was decreased in the rats of social isolation group. Treadmill exercise increased BDNF and TrkB expression in the social isolation rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Woon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Sport & Health Care, College of Art & Culture, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Seo Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mal-Soon Shin
- School of Global Sport Studies, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Hye-Sang Park
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Public Health and Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Seung-Soo Baek
- Department of Sport & Health Care, College of Art & Culture, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Amirazodi F, Mehrabi A, Amirazodi M, Parsania S, Rajizadeh MA, Esmaeilpour K. The Combination Effects of Resveratrol and Swimming HIIT Exercise on Novel Object Recognition and Open-field Tasks in Aged Rats. Exp Aging Res 2020; 46:336-358. [PMID: 32324489 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2020.1754015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol abundant in grapes and red wine, has been reported to exert numerous beneficial health effects in the body. High-Intensity Interval Exercise (HIIT) is a form of interval training that provides improved athletic capacity and has a protective effect on health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactive effects of swimming HIIT and Resveratrol supplementation on behavioral function in Novel object recognition and open-field tests in aged rats. METHODS A total of 45 aged male Wistar rats with an age of 20 months were randomly assigned into five groups of control (C), swimming HIIT (SW-HIIT), swimming HIIT with Resveratrol supplementation (SW-HIIT-R), Resveratrol supplementation (R), and solvent of Resveratrol supplementation (SR). There was also another group that included young animals (2-month-old) and was used to compare with older animals. Swimming HIIT and Resveratrol supplementation groups performed the exercise and received Resveratrol (10 mg/kg/day, gavage) for six weeks. Novel object recognition and open-field tests were used for evaluating the behavioral functions in animals. RESULTS The results showed that HIIT and Resveratrol significantly improved recognition memory compared to old animals. Moreover, it seems that HIIT and Resveratrol partly could modulate anxiety-like behaviors compared to old animals in the open-field test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Amirazodi
- Department of Education, Department of Foundations of Education, International Division, Shiraz University , Shiraz, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran
| | - Amin Mehrabi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran.,Department of Exercise Physiology, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran , Kish, Iran
| | - Maryam Amirazodi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran.,Shiraz University International Division, Shiraz University , Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrnaz Parsania
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran.,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Kerman Medical University of Sciences , Kerman, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Esmaeilpour
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran.,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Kerman Medical University of Sciences , Kerman, Iran
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17
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Lin JY, Kuo WW, Baskaran R, Kuo CH, Chen YA, Chen WST, Ho TJ, Day CH, Mahalakshmi B, Huang CY. Swimming exercise stimulates IGF1/ PI3K/Akt and AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α survival signaling to suppress apoptosis and inflammation in aging hippocampus. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6852-6864. [PMID: 32320382 PMCID: PMC7202519 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampus is one of the most vulnerable brain regions in terms of age-related pathological change. Exercise is presumed to delay the aging process and promote health because it seems to improve the function of most of the aging mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of swimming exercise training on brain inflammation, apoptotic and survival pathways in the hippocampus of D-galactose-induced aging in SD rats. The rats were allocated to the following groups: (1) control; (2) swimming exercise; (3) induced-aging by injecting D-galactose; (4) induced-aging rats with swimming exercise. The longevity-related AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway and brain IGF1/PI3K/Akt survival pathway were significantly reduced in D-galactose-induced aging group compared to non-aging control group and increased after exercise training. The inflammation pathway markers were over-expressed in induced-aging hippocampus, exercise significantly inhibited the inflammatory signaling activity. Fas-dependent and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways were significantly increased in the induced-aging group relative to the control group whereas they were decreased in the aging-exercise group. This study demonstrated that swimming exercise not only reduced aging-induced brain apoptosis and inflammatory signaling activity, but also enhanced the survival pathways in the hippocampus, which provides one of the new beneficial effects for exercise training in aging brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ying Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rathinasamy Baskaran
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-An Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - William Shao-Tsu Chen
- Division of Addictive Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - B Mahalakshmi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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18
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Sirtuins family as a target in endothelial cell dysfunction: implications for vascular ageing. Biogerontology 2020; 21:495-516. [PMID: 32285331 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is a protective barrier between the bloodstream and the vasculature that may be disrupted by different factors such as the presence of diseased states. Diseases like diabetes and obesity pose a great risk toward endothelial cell inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to endothelial cell dysfunction and thereby cardiovascular complications such as atherosclerosis. Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases that are implicated in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, and they have been identified to be important regulators of endothelial cell function. A handful of recent studies suggest that disbalance in the regulation of endothelial sirtuins, mainly sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), contributes to endothelial cell dysfunction. Herein, we summarize how SIRT1 and other sirtuins may contribute to endothelial cell function and how presence of diseased conditions may alter their expressions to cause endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, we discuss how the beneficial effects of exercise on the endothelium are dependent on SIRT1. These mainly include regulation of signaling pathways related to endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation and nitric oxide production, mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathways, oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. Sirtuins as modulators of the adverse conditions in the endothelium hold a promising therapeutic potential for health conditions related to endothelial dysfunction and vascular ageing.
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19
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Quan H, Koltai E, Suzuki K, Aguiar AS, Pinho R, Boldogh I, Berkes I, Radak Z. Exercise, redox system and neurodegenerative diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165778. [PMID: 32222542 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Regular exercise induces a wide range of redox system-associated molecular adaptive responses to the nervous system. The intermittent induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during acute exercise sessions and the related upregulation of antioxidant/repair and housekeeping systems are associated with improved physiological function. Exercise-induced proliferation and differentiation of neuronal stem cells are ROS dependent processes. The increased production of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the regulation by regular exercise are dependent upon redox sensitive pathways. ROS are causative and associative factors of neurodegenerative diseases and regular exercise provides significant neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and hypoxia/reperfusion related disorders. Regular exercise regulates redox homeostasis in the brain with complex multi-level molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helong Quan
- Exercise and Metabolism Research Center, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Erika Koltai
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
| | - Aderbal S Aguiar
- Research Group on Biology of Exercise, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Pinho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Istvan Berkes
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
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20
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Radak Z, Suzuki K, Posa A, Petrovszky Z, Koltai E, Boldogh I. The systemic role of SIRT1 in exercise mediated adaptation. Redox Biol 2020; 35:101467. [PMID: 32086007 PMCID: PMC7284913 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular energy demands are readily changed during physical exercise resulting in adaptive responses by signaling proteins of metabolic processes, including the NAD+ dependent lysine deacetylase SIRT1. Regular exercise results in systemic adaptation that restores the level of SIRT1 in the kidney, liver, and brain in patients with neurodegenerative diseases, and thereby normalizes cellular metabolic processes to attenuate the severity of these diseases. In skeletal muscle, over-expression of SIRT1 results in enhanced numbers of myonuclei improves the repair process after injury and is actively involved in muscle hypertrophy by up-regulating anabolic and downregulating catabolic processes. The present review discusses the different views of SIRT1 dependent deacetylation of PGC-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan; University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | | | | | - Erika Koltai
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
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21
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Galle FA, Martella D, Bresciani G. [Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory modulation of exercise during aging]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2018; 53:279-284. [PMID: 29898833 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aging is characterised by a gradual loss of the functional reserve. This, along with the fostering of sedentary habits and the increase in risk factors, causes a deterioration of antioxidant defences and an increase of the circulatory levels of inflammatory and oxidative markers, boosting a low-rate chronic inflammation, defined as inflamm-aging. This phenomenon is present in the aetiopathology of chronic diseases, as well as in cognitive deterioration cases associated with aging. The objective of this review is to describe the modulation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of physical exercise of moderate intensity and volume in the elderly. Evidence of its effectiveness as a non-pharmacological resource is presented, which decreases some deleterious effects of aging. This is mainly due to its neuroprotective action, the increase in circulating anti-inflammatory markers, and the improvement of antioxidant defence derived from its practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Alexis Galle
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile; Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Guilherme Bresciani
- Grupo de Investigación en Rendimiento Físico y Salud (IRyS), Escuela de Educación Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
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22
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Feng Z, Hanson RW, Berger NA, Trubitsyn A. Reprogramming of energy metabolism as a driver of aging. Oncotarget 2017; 7:15410-20. [PMID: 26919253 PMCID: PMC4941250 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by progressive loss of cellular function and integrity. It has been thought to be driven by stochastic molecular damage. However, genetic and environmental maneuvers enhancing mitochondrial function or inhibiting glycolysis extend lifespan and promote healthy aging in many species. In post-fertile Caenorhabditis elegans, a progressive decline in phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase with age, and a reciprocal increase in pyruvate kinase shunt energy metabolism from oxidative metabolism to anaerobic glycolysis. This reduces the efficiency and total of energy generation. As a result, energy-dependent physical activity and other cellular functions decrease due to unmatched energy demand and supply. In return, decrease in physical activity accelerates this metabolic shift, forming a vicious cycle. This metabolic event is a determinant of aging, and is retarded by caloric restriction to counteract aging. In this review, we summarize these and other evidence supporting the idea that metabolic reprogramming is a driver of aging. We also suggest strategies to test this hypothesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Richard W Hanson
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nathan A Berger
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alexander Trubitsyn
- Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences of Far Eastern Brach of Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok, Russia
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Cartelli D, Amadeo A, Calogero AM, Casagrande FVM, De Gregorio C, Gioria M, Kuzumaki N, Costa I, Sassone J, Ciammola A, Hattori N, Okano H, Goldwurm S, Roybon L, Pezzoli G, Cappelletti G. Parkin absence accelerates microtubule aging in dopaminergic neurons. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 61:66-74. [PMID: 29040870 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Loss-of-function caused by mutations in the parkin gene (PARK2) lead to early-onset familial Parkinson's disease. Recently, mechanistic studies proved the ability of parkin in regulating mitochondria homeostasis and microtubule (MT) stability. Looking at these systems during aging of PARK2 knockout mice, we found that loss of parkin induced an accelerated (over)acetylation of MT system both in dopaminergic neuron cell bodies and fibers, localized in the substantia nigra and corpus striatum, respectively. Interestingly, in PARK2 knockout mice, changes of MT stability preceded the alteration of mitochondria transport. Moreover, in-cell experiments confirmed that loss of parkin affects mitochondria mobility and showed that this defect depends on MT system as it is rescued by paclitaxel, a well-known MT-targeted agent. Furthermore, both in PC12 neuronal cells and in patients' induced pluripotent stem cell-derived midbrain neurons, we observed that parkin deficiencies cause the fragmentation of stable MTs. Therefore, we suggest that parkin acts as a regulator of MT system during neuronal aging, and we endorse the hypothesis that MT dysfunction may be crucial in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Cartelli
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Alida Amadeo
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mariarosa Gioria
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Naoko Kuzumaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ilaria Costa
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Jenny Sassone
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute University, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciammola
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Cusano Milanino, MI, Italy
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Laurent Roybon
- Stem Cell laboratory for CNS Disease Modeling, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC A10, Lund, Sweden; Strategic Research Area MultiPark and Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Parkinson Institute, ASST G.Pini-CTO, ex ICP, Milano, Italy
| | - Graziella Cappelletti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Center of Excellence of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Grabowska W, Sikora E, Bielak-Zmijewska A. Sirtuins, a promising target in slowing down the ageing process. Biogerontology 2017; 18:447-476. [PMID: 28258519 PMCID: PMC5514220 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-017-9685-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is a plastic process and can be successfully modulated by some biomedical approaches or pharmaceutics. In this manner it is possible to delay or even prevent some age-related pathologies. There are some defined interventions, which give promising results in animal models or even in human studies, resulting in lifespan elongation or healthspan improvement. One of the most promising targets for anti-ageing approaches are proteins belonging to the sirtuin family. Sirtuins were originally discovered as transcription repressors in yeast, however, nowadays they are known to occur in bacteria and eukaryotes (including mammals). In humans the family consists of seven members (SIRT1-7) that possess either mono-ADP ribosyltransferase or deacetylase activity. It is believed that sirtuins play key role during cell response to a variety of stresses, such as oxidative or genotoxic stress and are crucial for cell metabolism. Although some data put in question direct involvement of sirtuins in extending human lifespan, it was documented that proper lifestyle including physical activity and diet can influence healthspan via increasing the level of sirtuins. The search for an activator of sirtuins is one of the most extensive and robust topic of research. Some hopes are put on natural compounds, including curcumin. In this review we summarize the involvement and usefulness of sirtuins in anti-ageing interventions and discuss the potential role of curcumin in sirtuins regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioleta Grabowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Sikora
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Bielak-Zmijewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
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25
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Kim CH, Lee EK, Choi YJ, An HJ, Jeong HO, Park D, Kim BC, Yu BP, Bhak J, Chung HY. Short-term calorie restriction ameliorates genomewide, age-related alterations in DNA methylation. Aging Cell 2016; 15:1074-1081. [PMID: 27561685 PMCID: PMC6398531 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation plays major roles in many biological processes, including aging, carcinogenesis, and development. Analyses of DNA methylation using next-generation sequencing offer a new way to profile and compare methylomes across the genome in the context of aging. We explored genomewide DNA methylation and the effects of short-term calorie restriction (CR) on the methylome of aged rat kidney. Whole-genome methylation of kidney in young (6 months old), old (25 months old), and OCR (old with 4-week, short-term CR) rats was analyzed by methylated DNA immunoprecipitation and next-generation sequencing (MeDIP-Seq). CpG islands and repetitive regions were hypomethylated, but 5'-UTR, exon, and 3'-UTR hypermethylated in old and OCR rats. The methylation in the promoter and intron regions was decreased in old rats, but increased in OCR rats. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the hypermethylated promoters in old rats were associated with degenerative phenotypes such as cancer and diabetes. The hypomethylated promoters in old rats related significantly to the chemokine signaling pathway. However, the pathways significantly enriched in old rats were not observed from the differentially methylated promoters in OCR rats. Thus, these findings suggest that short-term CR could partially ameliorate age-related methylation changes in promoters in old rats. From the epigenomic data, we propose that the hypermethylation found in the promoter regions of disease-related genes during aging may indicate increases in susceptibility to age-related diseases. Therefore, the CR-induced epigenetic changes that ameliorate age-dependent aberrant methylation may be important to CR's health- and life-prolonging effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eun Kyeong Lee
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Ja Choi
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin An
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Oh Jeong
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Daeui Park
- Department of Predictive Toxicology Korea Institute of Toxicology Daejeon Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology Korea Institute of Toxicology Daejeon Korea
| | - Byung Pal Yu
- Department of Physiology University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio TX USA
| | - Jong Bhak
- Biomedical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Sciences and Technology Ulsan Korea
| | - Hae Yung Chung
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea
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26
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Hesselink MKC, Schrauwen-Hinderling V, Schrauwen P. Skeletal muscle mitochondria as a target to prevent or treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2016; 12:633-645. [PMID: 27448057 DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2016.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Low levels of physical activity and the presence of obesity are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although the evidence for a causal relationship between mitochondrial function and insulin resistance is still weak, emerging evidence indicates that boosting mitochondrial function might be beneficial to patient health. Exercise training is probably the most recognized promoter of mitochondrial function and insulin sensitivity and hence is still regarded as the best strategy to prevent and treat T2DM. Animal data, however, have revealed several new insights into the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism, and novel targets for interventions to boost mitochondrial function have emerged. Importantly, many of these targets seem to be regulated by factors such as nutrition, ambient temperature and circadian rhythms, which provides a basis for nonpharmacological strategies to prevent or treat T2DM in humans. Here, we will review the current evidence that mitochondrial function can be targeted therapeutically to improve insulin sensitivity and to prevent T2DM, focusing mainly on human intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthijs K C Hesselink
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitsingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, Netherlands
- NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitsingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Vera Schrauwen-Hinderling
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitsingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, Netherlands
- NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitsingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitsingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, Netherlands
- NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Universiteitsingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, Netherlands
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27
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Fang M, Guo WR, Park Y, Kang HG, Zarbl H. Enhancement of NAD⁺-dependent SIRT1 deacetylase activity by methylselenocysteine resets the circadian clock in carcinogen-treated mammary epithelial cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:42879-91. [PMID: 26544624 PMCID: PMC4767478 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that dietary methylselenocysteine (MSC) inhibits N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU)-induced mammary tumorigenesis by resetting circadian gene expression disrupted by the carcinogen at the early stage of tumorigenesis. To investigate the underlying mechanism, we developed a circadian reporter system comprised of human mammary epithelial cells with a luciferase reporter driven by the promoter of human PERIOD 2 (PER2), a core circadian gene. In this in vitro model, NMU disrupted cellular circadian rhythm in a pattern similar to that observed with SIRT1-specific inhibitors; in contrast, MSC restored the circadian rhythms disrupted by NMU and protected against SIRT1 inhibitors. Moreover, NMU inhibited intracellular NAD+/NADH ratio and reduced NAD+-dependent SIRT1 activity in a dose-dependent manner, while MSC restored NAD+/NADH and SIRT1 activity in the NMU-treated cells, indicating that the NAD+-SIRT1 pathway was targeted by NMU and MSC. In rat mammary tissue, a carcinogenic dose of NMU also disrupted NAD+/NADH oscillations and decreased SIRT1 activity; dietary MSC restored NAD+/NADH oscillations and increased SIRT1 activity in the mammary glands of NMU-treated rats. MSC-induced SIRT1 activity was correlated with decreased acetylation of BMAL1 and increased acetylation of histone 3 lysine 9 at the Per2 promoter E-Box in mammary tissue. Changes in SIRT1 activity were temporally correlated with loss or restoration of rhythmic Per2 mRNA expression in NMU-treated or MSC-rescued rat mammary glands, respectively. Together with our previous findings, these results suggest that enhancement of NAD+-dependent SIRT1 activity contributes to the chemopreventive efficacy of MSC by restoring epigenetic regulation of circadian gene expression at early stages of mammary tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Fang
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,School of Public Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,NIEHS Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Wei-Ren Guo
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Youngil Park
- Veterinary Drugs & Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Goo Kang
- Veterinary Drugs & Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Helmut Zarbl
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,School of Public Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,NIEHS Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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28
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Khan S, Shukla S, Sinha S, Meeran SM. Epigenetic targets in cancer and aging: dietary and therapeutic interventions. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:689-703. [PMID: 26667209 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1132702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epigenetic regulation plays a critical role in normal growth and embryonic development by controlling the transcriptional activities of several genes. A growing number of epigenetic changes have been reported in the regulation of key genes involved in cancer and aging. Drugs with epigenetic modulatory activities, mainly histone deacetylase and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, have received wider attention in aging and cancer research. AREAS COVERED In this review, we summarize the major epigenetic alterations in cancer and aging, with special emphasis on possible therapeutic targets and interventions by dietary as well as bioactive phytochemicals. EXPERT OPINION Some epigenetic-targeting drugs have received FDA approval and many others are undergoing different phases of clinical trials for cancer therapy. In addition to the synthetic compounds, several bioactive phytochemicals and dietary interventions, such as caloric restriction, have been shown to possess epigenetic modulatory activities in multiple cancers. These epigenetic modulators have been shown to delay aging and minimize the risk of cancer both in preclinical as well as clinical models. Therefore, knowledge of bioactive phytochemicals along with dietary interventions can be utilized for cancer prevention and therapy both alone and with existing drugs to achieve optimum efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Khan
- a Division of Endocrinology , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - Samriddhi Shukla
- a Division of Endocrinology , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - Sonam Sinha
- a Division of Endocrinology , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - Syed Musthapa Meeran
- a Division of Endocrinology , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
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29
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Sirtuin Functions in Female Fertility: Possible Role in Oxidative Stress and Aging. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:659687. [PMID: 26075037 PMCID: PMC4436464 DOI: 10.1155/2015/659687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In search for strategies aimed at preventing oxidative threat to female fertility, a possible role of sirtuins has emerged. Sirtuins (silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) proteins), NAD(+) dependent enzymes with deacetylase and/or mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity, are emerging as key antiaging molecules and regulators in many diseases. Recently, a crucial role for SIRT1 and SIRT3, the main components of sirtuin family, as sensors and guardians of the redox state in oocytes, granulosa cells, and early embryos has emerged. In this context, the aim of the present review is to summarize current knowledge from research papers on the role of sirtuins in female fertility with particular emphasis on the impairment of SIRT1 signalling with oocyte aging. On this basis, the authors wish to build up a framework to promote research on the possible role of sirtuins as targets for future strategies for female fertility preservation.
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30
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Ma R, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Han J, Rui R. Sirt1 protects pig oocyte against in vitro aging. Anim Sci J 2015; 86:826-32. [PMID: 25601632 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins have been widely reported to be involved in multiple biological processes. However, their function during pig oocyte aging has not been reported yet. Here, we first identify that sirt1 expression is dramatically reduced in pig in vitro-aged oocytes. Furthermore, by confocal scanning and quantitative analysis, we find the increased frequency of spindle defects and chromosome misalignment, disturbed redistribution of cortical granules and mitochondria during oocyte in vitro-aging. Importantly, these aging-associated defective phenotypes can be ameliorated through resveratrol (sirt1 activator) treatment during pig oocyte maturation, providing the evidence for the hypothesis that decreased sirt1 is one of a number of factors contributing to oocyte in vitro-aging. In summary, our data indicate a role for sirt1 in pig oocytes and uncover a striking beneficial effect of sirt1 expression on aged oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujun Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Han
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Rui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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31
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Moskalev AA, Aliper AM, Smit-McBride Z, Buzdin A, Zhavoronkov A. Genetics and epigenetics of aging and longevity. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:1063-77. [PMID: 24603410 PMCID: PMC4013158 DOI: 10.4161/cc.28433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary theories of aging predict the existence of certain genes that provide selective advantage early in life with adverse effect on lifespan later in life (antagonistic pleiotropy theory) or longevity insurance genes (disposable soma theory). Indeed, the study of human and animal genetics is gradually identifying new genes that increase lifespan when overexpressed or mutated: gerontogenes. Furthermore, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms are being identified that have a positive effect on longevity. The gerontogenes are classified as lifespan regulators, mediators, effectors, housekeeping genes, genes involved in mitochondrial function, and genes regulating cellular senescence and apoptosis. In this review we demonstrate that the majority of the genes as well as genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that are involved in regulation of longevity are highly interconnected and related to stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Moskalev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology; Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Biology; Komi Science Center of Russian Academy of Sciences; Syktyvkar, Russian Federation; Syktyvkar State University; Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander M Aliper
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology; Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Biology; Komi Science Center of Russian Academy of Sciences; Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Zeljka Smit-McBride
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; School of Medicine; University of California at Davis; Davis, CA USA
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology; Moscow, Russian Federation; Federal Clinical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology; Moscow, Russian Federation; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry; Moscow, Russian Federation; First Oncology Research and Advisory Center; Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology; Moscow, Russian Federation; Federal Clinical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology; Moscow, Russian Federation; The Biogerontology Research Foundation; London, UK
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32
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Xiong H, Dai M, Ou Y, Pang J, Yang H, Huang Q, Chen S, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Cai Y, Liang M, Zhang X, Lai L, Zheng Y. SIRT1 expression in the cochlea and auditory cortex of a mouse model of age-related hearing loss. Exp Gerontol 2014; 51:8-14. [PMID: 24365660 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
SIRT1 is a highly conserved NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase known to have protective effects against a variety of age-related diseases. However, there is a lack of information concerning SIRT1 expression in the cochlea and auditory cortex of C57BL/6 mice, a mouse model of age-related hearing loss. Using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, we show that SIRT1 is abundantly expressed in the inner hair cells, strial marginal cells, strial intermediate cells, type I and type IV fibrocytes of the spiral ligament and spiral ganglion neurons. In addition, moderate SIRT1 is also detected in the outer hair cells and neurons of the auditory cortex. Associated with elevated hearing thresholds and hair cells loss during aging, there is also a significant reduction of SIRT1 expression in the cochlea and auditory cortex. The expression pattern of SIRT1 in the peripheral and central auditory system suggests that SIRT1 may play an important role in auditory function and therefore may serve as a protective molecule against age-related hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China
| | - Yongkang Ou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Jiaqi Pang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Haidi Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Qiuhong Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Suijun Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Yaodong Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Yuexin Cai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Maojin Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Xueyuan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Lan Lai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Yiqing Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, China.
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Kireev RA, Vara E, Tresguerres JAF. Growth hormone and melatonin prevent age-related alteration in apoptosis processes in the dentate gyrus of male rats. Biogerontology 2013; 14:431-42. [PMID: 23852044 PMCID: PMC3739870 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-013-9443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that the age-related decrease in the number of neurons in the hippocampus that leads to alterations in brain function, may be associated with an increase in apoptosis due to the reduced secretion of growth hormone (GH) and/or melatonin in old animals. In order to investigate this possibility, male Wistar rats of 22 months of age were divided into three groups. One group remained untreated and acted as the control group. The second was treated with growth hormone (hGH) for 10 weeks (2 mg/kg/d sc) and the third was subjected to melatonin treatment (1 mg/kg/d) in the drinking water for the same time. A group of 2-months-old male rats was used as young controls. All rats were killed by decapitation at more than 24 month of age and dentate gyri of the hippocampi were collected. Aging in the dentate gyrus was associated with an increase in apoptosis promoting markers (Bax, Bad and AIF) and with the reduction of some anti-apoptotic ones (XIAP, NIAP, Mcl-1). Expressions of sirtuin 1 and 2 (SIRT1 and 2) as well as levels of HSP 70 were decreased in the dentate gyrus of old rats. GH treatment was able to reduce the pro/anti-apoptotic ratio to levels observed in young animals and also to increase SIRT2. Melatonin reduced also expression of pro-apoptotic genes and proteins (Bax, Bad and AIF), and increased levels of myeloid cell leukemia-1 proteins and SIRT1. Both treatments were able to reduce apoptosis and to enhance survival markers in this part of the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Kireev
- Department Physiology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain.
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Hart N, Sarga L, Csende Z, Koch LG, Britton SL, Davies KJA, Radak Z. Resveratrol attenuates exercise-induced adaptive responses in rats selectively bred for low running performance. Dose Response 2013; 12:57-71. [PMID: 24659933 DOI: 10.2203/dose-response.13-010.radak] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Low capacity runner (LCR) rats have been developed by divergent artificial selection for treadmill endurance capacity to explore an aerobic biology-disease connection. The beneficial effects of resveratrol supplementation have been demonstrated in endurance running. In this study it was examined whether 12 weeks of treadmill exercise training and/or resveratrol can retrieve the low running performance of the LCR and impact mitochondrial biogenesis and quality control. Resveratrol regressed running performance in trained LCR (p<0.05). Surprisingly, exercise and resveratrol treatments significantly decreased pAMPK/AMPK, SIRT1, SIRT4, forkhead transcription factor 1 (FOXO1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) levels in these animals (p<0.05). Mitochondrial fusion protein, HSP78 and polynucleotide phosphorylase were significantly induced in LCR-trained, LCR-resveratrol treated, LCR-trained and resveratol treated groups compared to LCR-controls. The data indicate that the AMPK-SIRT1-NAMPT-FOXO1 axis could be important to the limited aerobic endurance capacity of low running capacity rats. Resveratrol supplementation was not beneficial in terms of aerobic endurance performance, mitochondrial biogenesis, or quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett Hart
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Linda Sarga
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Csende
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lauren G Koch
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Steven L Britton
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kelvin J A Davies
- Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center of the Davis School of Gerontology; and Division of Molecular & Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences of the College of Letters, Arts & Sciences: the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Radak Z, Koltai E, Taylor AW, Higuchi M, Kumagai S, Ohno H, Goto S, Boldogh I. Redox-regulating sirtuins in aging, caloric restriction, and exercise. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 58:87-97. [PMID: 23339850 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The consequence of decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) levels as a result of oxidative challenge is altered activity of sirtuins, which, in turn, brings about a wide range of modifications in mammalian cellular metabolism. Sirtuins, especially SIRT1, deacetylate important transcription factors such as p53, forkhead homeobox type O proteins, nuclear factor κB, or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (which controls the transcription of pro- and antioxidant enzymes, by which the cellular redox state is affected). The role of SIRT1 in DNA repair is enigmatic, because it activates Ku70 to cope with double-strand breaks, but deacetylation of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 and probably of 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase 1 decreases the activity of these DNA repair enzymes. The protein-stabilizing effects of the NAD+-dependent lysine deacetylases are readily related to housekeeping and redox regulation. The role of sirtuins in caloric restriction (CR)-related longevity in yeast is currently under debate. However, in mammals, it seems certain that sirtuins are involved in many cellular processes that mediate longevity and disease prevention via the effects of CR through the vascular, neuronal, and muscular systems. Regular physical exercise-mediated health promotion also involves sirtuin-regulated pathways including the antioxidant-, macromolecular damage repair-, energy-, mitochondrial function-, and neuronal plasticity-associated pathways. This review critically evaluates these findings and points out the age-associated role of sirtuins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary.
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Radak Z, Zhao Z, Koltai E, Ohno H, Atalay M. Oxygen consumption and usage during physical exercise: the balance between oxidative stress and ROS-dependent adaptive signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:1208-46. [PMID: 22978553 PMCID: PMC3579386 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of human DNA has been affected by aerobic metabolism, including endurance exercise and oxygen toxicity. Aerobic endurance exercise could play an important role in the evolution of Homo sapiens, and oxygen was not important just for survival, but it was crucial to redox-mediated adaptation. The metabolic challenge during physical exercise results in an elevated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are important modulators of muscle contraction, antioxidant protection, and oxidative damage repair, which at moderate levels generate physiological responses. Several factors of mitochondrial biogenesis, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), mitogen-activated protein kinase, and SIRT1, are modulated by exercise-associated changes in the redox milieu. PGC-1α activation could result in decreased oxidative challenge, either by upregulation of antioxidant enzymes and/or by an increased number of mitochondria that allows lower levels of respiratory activity for the same degree of ATP generation. Endogenous thiol antioxidants glutathione and thioredoxin are modulated with high oxygen consumption and ROS generation during physical exercise, controlling cellular function through redox-sensitive signaling and protein-protein interactions. Endurance exercise-related angiogenesis, up to a significant degree, is regulated by ROS-mediated activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. Moreover, the exercise-associated ROS production could be important to DNA methylation and post-translation modifications of histone residues, which create heritable adaptive conditions based on epigenetic features of chromosomes. Accumulating data indicate that exercise with moderate intensity has systemic and complex health-promoting effects, which undoubtedly involve regulation of redox homeostasis and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Radak
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Institute of Sport Science, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Hart N, Sarga L, Csende Z, Koltai E, Koch LG, Britton SL, Davies KJA, Kouretas D, Wessner B, Radak Z. Resveratrol enhances exercise training responses in rats selectively bred for high running performance. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 61:53-9. [PMID: 23422033 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
High Capacity Runner (HCR) rats have been developed by divergent artificial selection for treadmill endurance running capacity to explore an aerobic biology-disease connection. The beneficial effects of resveratrol supplementation have been demonstrated in endurance running and the antioxidant capacity of resveratrol is also demonstrated. In this study we examine whether 12 weeks of treadmill exercise training and/or resveratrol can enhance performance in HCR. Indeed, resveratrol increased aerobic performance and strength of upper limbs of these rats. Moreover, we have found that resveratrol activated the AMP-activated protein kinase, SIRT1, and mitochondrial transcription factor A (p<0.05). The changes in mitochondrial fission/fusion and Lon protease/HSP78 levels suggest that exercise training does not significantly induce damage of proteins. Moreover, neither exercise training nor resveratrol supplementation altered the content of protein carbonyls. Changes in the levels of forkhead transcription factor 1 and SIRT4 could suggest increased fat utilization and improved insulin sensitivity. These data indicate, that resveratrol supplementation enhances aerobic performance due to the activation of the AMPK-SIRT1-PGC-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett Hart
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Falone S, D'Alessandro A, Mirabilio A, Cacchio M, Di Ilio C, Di Loreto S, Amicarelli F. Late-onset running biphasically improves redox balance, energy- and methylglyoxal-related status, as well as SIRT1 expression in mouse hippocampus. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48334. [PMID: 23110231 PMCID: PMC3482192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the active research in this field, molecular mechanisms underlying exercise-induced beneficial effects on brain physiology and functions are still matter of debate, especially with regard to biological processes activated by regular exercise affecting the onset and progression of hippocampal aging in individuals unfamiliar with habitual physical activity. Since such responses seem to be mediated by changes in antioxidative, antiglycative and metabolic status, a possible exercise-induced coordinated response involving redox, methylglyoxal- and sirtuin-related molecular networks may be hypothesized. In this study, hippocampi of CD1 mice undergoing the transition from mature to middle age were analyzed for redox-related profile, oxidative and methylglyoxal-dependent damage patterns, energy metabolism, sirtuin1 and glyoxalase1 expression after a 2- or 4-mo treadmill running program. Our findings suggested that the 4-mo regular running lowered the chance of dicarbonyl and oxidative stress, activated mitochondrial catabolism and preserved sirtuin1-related neuroprotection. Surprisingly, the same cellular pathways were negatively affected by the first 2 months of exercise, thus showing an interesting biphasic response. In conclusion, the duration of exercise caused a profound shift in the response to regular running within the rodent hippocampus in a time-dependent fashion. This research revealed important details of the interaction between exercise and mammal hippocampus during the transition from mature to middle age, and this might help to develop non-pharmacological approaches aimed at retarding brain senescence, even in individuals unfamiliar with habitual exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Falone
- Department of Basic and Applied Biology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Mirabilio
- Department of Basic and Applied Biology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | - Marisa Cacchio
- Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, University “G. d'Annunzio”, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Carmine Di Ilio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University “G. d'Annunzio”, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Silvia Di Loreto
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT) – National Research Council (CNR), L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Department of Basic and Applied Biology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
- * E-mail:
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LIU B, CHEN WC, LIU XG, ZHOU ZJ. Advances in Sirtuin on The Mechanism of Calorie Restriction on Lifespan*. PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2012. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1206.2011.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Martins IJ, Wilson AC, Lim WLF, Laws SM, Fuller SJ, Martins RN. Sirtuin-1 mediates the obesity induced risk of common degenerative diseases: Alzheimer’s disease, coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes. Health (London) 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2012.412a209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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41
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Bayod S, del Valle J, Canudas AM, Lalanza JF, Sanchez-Roige S, Camins A, Escorihuela RM, Pallàs M. Long-term treadmill exercise induces neuroprotective molecular changes in rat brain. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2011; 111:1380-90. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00425.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise enhances general health. However, its effects on neurodegeneration are controversial, and the molecular pathways in the brain involved in this enhancement are poorly understood. Here, we examined the effect of long-term moderate treadmill training on adult male rat cortex and hippocampus to identify the cellular mechanisms behind the effects of exercise. We compared three animal groups: exercised (30 min/day, 12 m/min, 5 days/wk, 36 wk), handled but nonexercised (treadmill handling procedure, 0 m/min), and sedentary (nonhandled and nonexercised). Moderate long-term exercise induced an increase in IGF-1 levels and also in energy parameters, such as PGC-1α and the OXPHOS system. Moreover, the sirtuin 1 pathway was activated in both the exercised and nonexercised groups but not in sedentary rats. This induction could be a consequence of exercise as well as the handling procedure. To determine whether the long-term moderate treadmill training had neuroprotective effects, we studied tau hyperphosphorylation and GSK3β activation. Our results showed reduced levels of phospho-tau and GSK3β activation mainly in the hippocampus of the exercised animals. In conclusion, in our rodent model, exercise improved several major brain parameters, especially in the hippocampus. These improvements induced the upregulation of sirtuin 1, a protein that extends life, the stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, the activation of AMPK, and the prevention of signs of neurodegeneration. These findings are consistent with other reports showing that physical exercise has positive effects on hormesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Bayod
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia Facultat de Farmàcia, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Nucli Universitari de Pedralbes, Barcelona
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona; and
| | - J. del Valle
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia Facultat de Farmàcia, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Nucli Universitari de Pedralbes, Barcelona
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona; and
| | - A. M. Canudas
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia Facultat de Farmàcia, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Nucli Universitari de Pedralbes, Barcelona
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona; and
| | - J. F. Lalanza
- Department de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Institut de Neurociencies, Fac de Medicina, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S. Sanchez-Roige
- Department de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Institut de Neurociencies, Fac de Medicina, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Camins
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia Facultat de Farmàcia, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Nucli Universitari de Pedralbes, Barcelona
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona; and
| | - R. M. Escorihuela
- Department de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Institut de Neurociencies, Fac de Medicina, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Pallàs
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia Facultat de Farmàcia, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Nucli Universitari de Pedralbes, Barcelona
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona; and
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Kaliman P, Párrizas M, Lalanza JF, Camins A, Escorihuela RM, Pallàs M. Neurophysiological and epigenetic effects of physical exercise on the aging process. Ageing Res Rev 2011; 10:475-86. [PMID: 21624506 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a gradual process during which molecular and cellular processes deteriorate progressively, often leading to such pathological conditions as vascular and metabolic disorders and cognitive decline. Although the mechanisms of aging are not yet fully understood, inflammation, oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, functional alterations in specific neuronal circuits and a restricted degree of apoptosis are involved. Physical exercise improves the efficiency of the capillary system and increases the oxygen supply to the brain, thus enhancing metabolic activity and oxygen intake in neurons, and increases neurotrophin levels and resistance to stress. Regular exercise and an active lifestyle during adulthood have been associated with reduced risk and protective effects for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Similarly, studies in animal models show that physical activity has positive physiological and cognitive effects that correlate with changes in transcriptional profiles. According to numerous studies, epigenetic events that include changes in DNA methylation patterns, histone modification and alterations in microRNA profiles seem to be a signature of aging. Hence, insight into the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the aging process and their modulation through lifestyle interventions such as physical exercise might open new avenues for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies to treat aging-related diseases.
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Koltai E, Zhao Z, Lacza Z, Cselenyak A, Vacz G, Nyakas C, Boldogh I, Ichinoseki-Sekine N, Radak Z. Combined exercise and insulin-like growth factor-1 supplementation induces neurogenesis in old rats, but do not attenuate age-associated DNA damage. Rejuvenation Res 2011; 14:585-96. [PMID: 21867412 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2011.1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the effects of 2 weeks of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) supplementation (5 μg/kg per day) and 6 weeks of exercise training (60% of the maximal oxygen consumption [VO₂ max]) on neurogenesis, DNA damage/repair, and sirtuin content in the hippocampus of young (3 months old) and old (26 months old) rats. Exercise improved the spatial memory of the old group, but IGF-1 supplementation eliminated this effect. An age-associated decrease in neurogenesis was attenuated by exercise and IGF-1 treatment. Aging increased the levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) and the protein Ku70, indicating the role of DNA damage in age-related neuropathology. Acetylation of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) was detected in vivo, and this decreased with aging. However, in young animals, exercise and IGF-1 treatment increased acetylated (ac) OGG1 levels. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and SIRT3, as DNA damage-associated lysine deacetylases, were measured, and SIRT1 decreased with aging, resulting in a large increase in acetylated lysine residues in the hippocampus. On the other hand, SIRT3 increased with aging. Exercise-induced neurogenesis might not be a causative factor of increased spatial memory, because IGF-1 plus exercise can induce neurogenesis in the hippocampus of older rats. Data revealed that the age-associated increase in 8-oxoG levels is due to decreased acetylation of OGG1. Age-associated decreases in SIRT1 and the associated increase in lysine acetylation, in the hippocampus, could have significant impact on function and thus, could suggest a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Koltai
- Semmelweis University , Research Institute of Sport Science, Budapest, Hungary
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Steiner JL, Murphy EA, McClellan JL, Carmichael MD, Davis JM. Exercise training increases mitochondrial biogenesis in the brain. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2011; 111:1066-71. [PMID: 21817111 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00343.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased muscle mitochondria are largely responsible for the increased resistance to fatigue and health benefits ascribed to exercise training. However, very little attention has been given to the likely benefits of increased brain mitochondria in this regard. We examined the effects of exercise training on markers of both brain and muscle mitochondrial biogenesis in relation to endurance capacity assessed by a treadmill run to fatigue (RTF) in mice. Male ICR mice were assigned to exercise (EX) or sedentary (SED) conditions (n = 16-19/group). EX mice performed 8 wk of treadmill running for 1 h/day, 6 days/wk at 25 m/min and a 5% incline. Twenty-four hours after the last training bout a subgroup of mice (n = 9-11/group) were euthanized, and brain (brain stem, cerebellum, cortex, frontal lobe, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and midbrain) and muscle (soleus) tissues were isolated for analysis of mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1-alpha (PGC-1α), Silent Information Regulator T1 (SIRT1), citrate synthase (CS), and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) using RT-PCR. A different subgroup of EX and SED mice (n = 7-8/group) performed a treadmill RTF test. Exercise training increased PGC-1α, SIRT1, and CS mRNA and mtDNA in most brain regions in addition to the soleus (P < 0.05). Mean treadmill RTF increased from 74.0 ± 9.6 min to 126.5 ± 16.1 min following training (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that exercise training increases brain mitochondrial biogenesis, which may have important implications, not only with regard to fatigue, but also with respect to various central nervous system diseases and age-related dementia that are often characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Steiner
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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PENG Q, CHEN WC, LIU XG. Advances in Relationship Between Deacetylase (Sirtuin) and Aging. PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1206.2010.00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Satoh A, Stein L, Imai S. The role of mammalian sirtuins in the regulation of metabolism, aging, and longevity. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2011; 206:125-62. [PMID: 21879449 PMCID: PMC3745303 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-21631-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ever since the discovery of sirtuins a decade ago, interest in this family of NAD-dependent deacetylases has exploded, generating multiple lines of evidence implicating sirtuins as evolutionarily conserved regulators of lifespan. In mammals, it has been established that sirtuins regulate physiological responses to metabolism and stress, two key factors that affect the process of aging. Further investigation into the intimate connection among sirtuins, metabolism, and aging has implicated the activation of SIRT1 as both preventative and therapeutic measures against multiple age-associated disorders including type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. SIRT1 activation has clear potential to not only prevent age-associated diseases but also to extend healthspan and perhaps lifespan. Sirtuin activating compounds and NAD intermediates are two promising ways to achieve these elusive goals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shin Imai
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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