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Lu WL, Chien YH, Tsai FJ, Hwu WL, Chou YY, Chu SY, Li MJ, Lee AJ, Liao CC, Wang CH, Lee NC. Changing clinical manifestations of Gaucher disease in Taiwan. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:293. [PMID: 37715271 PMCID: PMC10502973 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02895-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by deficient glucocerebrosidase activity that results from biallelic mutations in the GBA1 gene. Its phenotypic variability allows GD to be classified into 3 subtypes based on the presence and extent of neurological manifestations. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has been available for all patients with GD in Taiwan since 1998. Newborn screening (NBS) for GD has been available since 2015. This study attempted to unveil the clinical features of patients diagnosed with GD during different eras in Taiwan. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from the health records of two tertiary hospitals responsible for two-thirds of the patients with GD in Taiwan were used. The study population included all patients identified as having GD between 1998, and April 2022, in these two hospitals for review. A total of 42 individuals were included, six of whom were diagnosed by NBS. RESULTS Our cohort presented a higher proportion of GD3 individuals, both by clinical suspicion and by NBS diagnosis, than that reported worldwide. The major subtypes that were recognized following NBS diagnosis were GD2 and GD3. The majority of GD patients carry at least one p.Leu483Pro variant. The 5-year survival rates were 0% for GD2 patients and 100% for patients with other subtypes. Patients diagnosed during the post-NBS era were free of symptoms on initial presentation, except for those with the GD2 subtype. For those diagnosed earlier, ERT was shown to be effective in terms of improved hemograms and prevented bone crises. However, the neurological symptoms in GD3 patients progressed despite ERT intervention. CONCLUSION ERT is essential in reversing the hematological presentations and preventing the skeletal complications of GD. Timely diagnosis of GD with NBS allows for early intervention with ERT to prevent disease progression and complications. However, the need for effective intervention for neurological dysfunction remains unmet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Li Lu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hsiu Chien
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, 8 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10041, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Division of Medical Genetics, Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, China Medical University Children's Hospital, 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City, 40447, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wuh-Liang Hwu
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, 8 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10041, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yin Chou
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yin Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ju Li
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - An-Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, 8 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10041, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chuan Liao
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, 8 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10041, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsing Wang
- Division of Medical Genetics, Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, China Medical University Children's Hospital, 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City, 40447, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ni-Chung Lee
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, 8 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10041, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Rintz E, Podlacha M, Cyske Z, Pierzynowska K, Węgrzyn G, Gaffke L. Activities of (Poly)phenolic Antioxidants and Other Natural Autophagy Modulators in the Treatment of Sanfilippo Disease: Remarkable Efficacy of Resveratrol in Cellular and Animal Models. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:254-271. [PMID: 36344724 PMCID: PMC10119361 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01323-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sanfilippo disease, caused by mutations in the genes encoding heparan sulfate (HS) (a glycosaminoglycan; GAG) degradation enzymes, is a mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS), which is also known as MPS type III, and is characterized by subtypes A, B, C, and D, depending on identity of the dysfunctional enzyme. The lack of activity or low residual activity of an HS-degrading enzyme leads to excess HS in the cells, impairing the functions of different types of cells, including neurons. The disease usually leads to serious psychomotor dysfunction and death before adulthood. In this work, we show that the use of molecules known as dietary (poly)phenolic antioxidants and other natural compounds known as autophagy activators (genistein, capsaicin, curcumin, resveratrol, trehalose, and calcitriol) leads to accelerated degradation of accumulated HS in the fibroblasts of all subtypes of MPS III. Both the cytotoxicity tests we performed and the available literature data indicated that the use of selected autophagy inducers was safe. Since it showed the highest effectivity in cellular models, resveratrol efficacy was tested in experiments with a mouse model of MPS IIIB. Urinary GAG levels were normalized in MPS IIIB mice treated with 50 mg/kg/day resveratrol for 12 weeks or longer. Behavioral tests indicated complete correction of hyperactivity and anxiety in these animals. Biochemical analyses indicated that administration of resveratrol caused autophagy stimulation through an mTOR-independent pathway in the brains and livers of the MPS IIIB mice. These results indicate the potential use of resveratrol (and possibly other autophagy stimulators) in the treatment of Sanfilippo disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estera Rintz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Podlacha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Cyske
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karolina Pierzynowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lidia Gaffke
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland.
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3
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Pierzynowska K, Żabińska M, Gaffke L, Cyske Z, Węgrzyn G. Changes in expression of signal transduction-related genes, and formation of aggregates of GPER1 and OXTR receptors in mucopolysaccharidosis cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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Lu B, Ku J, Flojo R, Olson C, Bengford D, Marriott G. Exosome- and extracellular vesicle-based approaches for the treatment of lysosomal storage disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114465. [PMID: 35878794 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cell-generated extracellular vesicles (EVs) are being engineered as biologically-inspired vehicles for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to treat difficult-to-manage human diseases, including lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). Engineered EVs offer distinct advantages for targeted delivery of therapeutics compared to existing synthetic and semi-synthetic nanoscale systems, for example with regard to their biocompatibility, circulation lifetime, efficiencies in delivery of drugs and biologics to target cells, and clearance from the body. Here, we review literature related to the design and preparation of EVs as therapeutic carriers for targeted delivery and therapy of drugs and biologics with a focus on LSDs. First, we introduce the basic pathophysiology of LDSs and summarize current approaches to diagnose and treat LSDs. Second, we will provide specific details about EVs, including subtypes, biogenesis, biological properties and their potential to treat LSDs. Third, we review state-of-the-art approaches to engineer EVs for treatments of LSDs. Finally, we summarize explorative basic research and applied applications of engineered EVs for LSDs, and highlight current challenges, and new directions in developing EV-based therapies and their potential impact on clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - Joy Ku
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - Renceh Flojo
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - Chris Olson
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - David Bengford
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - Gerard Marriott
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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Zapolnik P, Pyrkosz A. Nanoemulsions as Gene Delivery in Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I-A Mini-Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4785. [PMID: 35563175 PMCID: PMC9103791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is a rare monogenic disease in which glycosaminoglycans' abnormal metabolism leads to the storage of heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate in various tissues. It causes its damage and impairment. Patients with the severe form of MPS I usually do not live up to the age of ten. Currently, the therapy is based on multidisciplinary care and enzyme replacement therapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Applying gene therapy might benefit the MPS I patients because it overcomes the typical limitations of standard treatments. Nanoparticles, including nanoemulsions, are used more and more in medicine to deliver a particular drug to the target cells. It allows for creating a specific, efficient therapy method in MPS I and other lysosomal storage disorders. This article briefly presents the basics of nanoemulsions and discusses the current state of knowledge about their usage in mucopolysaccharidosis type I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Zapolnik
- College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Antoni Pyrkosz
- Department of Clinical Genetics, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
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Safary A, Moghaddas-Sani H, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi M, Khabbazzi A, Rafi MA, Omidi Y. Enzyme replacement combinational therapy: effective treatments for mucopolysaccharidoses. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 21:1181-1197. [PMID: 33653197 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1895746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), as a group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), are clinically heterogeneous and characterized by multi-systemic manifestations, such as skeletal abnormalities and neurological dysfunctions. The currently used enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) might be associated with several limitations including the low biodistribution of the enzymes into the main targets, immunological responses against foreign enzymes, and the high cost of the treatment procedure. Therefore, a suitable combination approach can be considered for the successful treatment of each type of MPS. AREAS COVERED In this review, we provide comprehensive insights into the ERT-based combination therapies of MPS by reviewing the published literature on PubMed and Scopus. We also discuss the recent advancements in the treatment of MPS and bring up the hopes and hurdles in the futuristic treatment strategies. EXPERT OPINION Given the complex pathophysiology of MPS and its involvement in different tissues, the ERT of MPS in combination with stem cell therapy or gene therapy is deemed to provide a personalized precision treatment modality with the highest therapeutic responses and minimal side effects. By the same token, new combinational approaches need to be evaluated by using drugs that target alternative and secondary pathological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Safary
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Akbarzadeh-Khiavi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Khabbazzi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad A Rafi
- Department of Neurology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvanian USA
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida USA
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Somanadhan S, Bristow H, Crushell E, Pastores G, Nicholson E, Kroll T, Larkin PJ, Brinkley A. IMPACT study: measuring the impact of caregiving on families and healthcare professionals of children and adults living with mucopolysaccharidoses in Ireland. THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN RARE DISEASE 2021; 2:26330040211020764. [PMID: 37181103 PMCID: PMC10032429 DOI: 10.1177/26330040211020764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Disease trajectories are often uncertain among individuals living with mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) due to the progressive nature of the illness and the goal of care. This study investigated the impact on caregivers and care providers of children and adults living with MPS. Methods The study used a cross-sectional design and a convenience sampling strategy which involved two sequential study components. The stage 1 quantitative component included three validated scales: the abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF), the Paediatric Inventory for Parents (PIP) and the 14-item Resilience Scale (RS-14). The stage 2 qualitative component consisted of two focus groups with healthcare professionals (HCPs) (n = 9) working with children and adults living with MPS across three clinical sites in Ireland. Data were collected between November 2017 and July 2019. Results A total of 31 parents identified as caregivers participated in this study. The mean quality of life (QoL) score was 93.81, indicating a significantly high QoL. The PIP frequency total mean was 102.74 and difficulty mean 104.94. The mean score for the RS-14 was notably high, 81.42 out of a maximum of 98. The majority of the results showed high levels of concern for the future, with just under 50% finding themselves very often feeling scared that their child's condition will deteriorate or that their child will die and finding these thoughts very difficult. The healthcare professionals' (HCPs) perceptions were focused on the complexity of MPS, coping strategies, managing expectations and support services. Conclusion The overall findings of the study reinforced the need for sustained and enhanced psychological support to ensure both families of children and adults living with MPS and the HCPs are supported in the continued delivery of quality patient care and outcomes. Subjective and objective measures from family caregivers and HCPs yield results that can decrease stress and improve psychological support. Plain language summary Impact of caregiving on families and healthcare professionals of children and adults living with mucopolysaccharidoses in Ireland Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) is a group of one of the many rare inherited metabolic disorders that come under category three of life-limiting conditions. Children born with this genetic condition show no change at birth, but effects start to show in subsequent years as it is a progressive disease. The severity of the condition varies according to the specific type, ranging from very mild symptoms to, in most cases, multisystemic, restricted growth or mental and physical disabilities. Recent developments in treatments for some forms of MPS have dramatically changed the quality of life (QoL) for patients. Other forms of treatment are currently under investigation and development. This study aimed to provide a detailed and reliable evidence base on the impact of caregiving for patients living with MPS on family caregivers and healthcare providers. Paper questionnaires were completed by the family caregivers of children and adults living with MPS. These three questionnaires focused on measuring QoL, parental stress and anxiety, and resilience among these families. Two focus group interviews were carried out with healthcare professionals working with children and adults living with MPS across three clinical sites in Ireland.A total of 31 parents completed the questionnaires in this study, indicating a significantly high QoL and notably high resilience. The majority of the parental stress results were related to concern for the future, with just half of the families finding themselves very often scared that their child's condition will deteriorate or that their child will die and find these thoughts very difficult. The healthcare providers also spoke about the complexity of MPS, coping strategies, managing expectations and support services for the families of children and adults living with MPS. This study provided evidence for clinicians and policymakers to improve the availability of appropriate healthcare provisions for people living with MPS and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suja Somanadhan
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health
Systems, University College Dublin, Stillorgan Road, Belfield, County Dublin
D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | | | - Ellen Crushell
- CHI at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland, and CHI at
Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Thilo Kroll
- University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin,
Ireland
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Edelmann MJ, Maegawa GHB. CNS-Targeting Therapies for Lysosomal Storage Diseases: Current Advances and Challenges. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:559804. [PMID: 33304924 PMCID: PMC7693645 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.559804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During the past decades, several therapeutic approaches have been developed and made rapidly available for many patients afflicted with lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), inborn organelle disorders with broad clinical manifestations secondary to the progressive accumulation of undegraded macromolecules within lysosomes. These conditions are individually rare, but, collectively, their incidence ranges from 1 in 2,315 to 7,700 live-births. Most LSDs are manifested by neurological symptoms or signs, including developmental delay, seizures, acroparesthesia, motor weakness, and extrapyramidal signs. The chronic and later-onset clinical forms are at one end of the continuum spectrum and are characterized by a subtle and slow progression of neurological symptoms. Due to its inherent physiological properties, unfortunately, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) constitutes a significant obstacle for current and upcoming therapies to achieve the central nervous system (CNS) and treat neurological problems so prevalent in these conditions. To circumvent this limitation, several strategies have been developed to make the therapeutic agent achieve the CNS. This narrative will provide an overview of current therapeutic strategies under development to permeate the BBB, and address and unmet need for treatment of the progressive neurological manifestations, which are so prevalent in these inherited lysosomal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola J Edelmann
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, The University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Gustavo H B Maegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Fischetto R, Palladino V, Mancardi MM, Giacomini T, Palladino S, Gaeta A, Di Rocco M, Zampini L, Lassandro G, Favia V, Tripaldi ME, Strisciuglio P, Romano A, Severino M, Morrone A, Giordano P. Substrate reduction therapy with Miglustat in pediatric patients with GM1 type 2 gangliosidosis delays neurological involvement: A multicenter experience. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1371. [PMID: 32779865 PMCID: PMC7549581 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In GM1 gangliosidosis the lack of function of β-galactosidase results in an accumulation of GM1 ganglioside and related glycoconjugates in visceral organs, and particularly in the central nervous system, leading to severe disability and premature death. In the type 2 form of the disease, early intervention would be important to avoid precocious complications. To date, there are no effective therapeutic options in preventing progressive neurological deterioration. Substrate reduction therapy with Miglustat, a N-alkylated sugar that inhibits the enzyme glucosylceramide synthase, has been proposed for the treatment of several lysosomal storage disorders such as Gaucher type 1 and Niemann Pick Type C diseases. However, data on Miglustat therapy in patients with GM1 gangliosidosis are still scarce. METHODS We report here the results of Miglustat administration in four Italian children (average age: 55 months, range 20-125) affected by GM1 gangliosidosis type 2 treated in three different Italian pediatric hospitals specialized in metabolic diseases. CONCLUSION This treatment was safe and relatively well tolerated by all patients, with stabilization and/or slowing down of the neurological progression in three subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Fischetto
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Pediatric Medicine, Giovanni XXIII Children's Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Valentina Palladino
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Pediatric Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Maria M Mancardi
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Clinical and Surgical Neurosciences Department, IRCCS Institute Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Thea Giacomini
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Clinical and Surgical Neurosciences Department, IRCCS Institute Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Gaeta
- Radiology Unit, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy
| | - Maja Di Rocco
- Unit of Rare Diseases, IRCCS Institute Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lucia Zampini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Pediatrics, Polytechnic University of Marche, OspedaliRiuniti, Presidio Salesi, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lassandro
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Pediatric Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Favia
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Pediatric Medicine, Giovanni XXIII Children's Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria E Tripaldi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Pediatric Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Strisciuglio
- Department of Medical Translational Sciences Section of Pediatrics, University Federico II Naples, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alfonso Romano
- Department of Medical Translational Sciences Section of Pediatrics, University Federico II Naples, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Amelia Morrone
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Department, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Giordano
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Pediatric Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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Novel biomarkers for lysosomal storage disorders: Metabolomic and proteomic approaches. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 509:195-209. [PMID: 32561345 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are characterized by the accumulation of specific disease substrates inside the lysosomes of various cells, eventually leading to the deterioration of cellular function and multisystem organ damage. With the continuous discovery and validation of novel and advanced therapies for most LSDs, there is an urgent need to discover more versatile and clinically relevant biomarkers. The utility of these biomarkers should ideally extend beyond the screening and diagnosis of LSDs to the evaluation of disease severity and monitoring of therapy. Metabolomic and proteomic approaches provide the means to the discovery and validation of such novel biomarkers. This is achieved mainly through the application of various mass spectrometric techniques to common and easily accessible biological samples, such as plasma, urine and dried blood spots. In this review, we tried to summarize the complexity of the lysosomal disorders phenotypes, their current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, the various techniques supporting metabolomic and proteomic studies and finally we tried to explore the newly discovered biomarkers for most LSDs and their reported clinical values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einar Svarstad
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; and .,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hans Peter Marti
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; and.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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12
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Lachmann RH. Treating lysosomal storage disorders: What have we learnt? J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:125-132. [PMID: 31140601 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The first enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for a lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) was approved in 1991 and we now have more than 25 years of experience of treating patients with type 1 Gaucher disease. Because of the remarkable success of this therapy, enormous effort and resource has gone into developing other ERTs, for Gaucher (where three different enzyme preparations have now been approved) and for other LSDs. We now have more than 10 years of clinical experience in using ERT to treat Gaucher, Fabry, Pompe and MPS I, II, and VI. This article aims to assess the real-life experience of a selection of these innovative and expensive treatments to see if they have met the high expectations which were set for them when they launched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin H Lachmann
- Charles Dent Metabolic Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
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13
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Neonatal nonviral gene editing with the CRISPR/Cas9 system improves some cardiovascular, respiratory, and bone disease features of the mucopolysaccharidosis I phenotype in mice. Gene Ther 2019; 27:74-84. [PMID: 31827259 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-019-0113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is caused by deficiency of alpha-L-iduronidase (IDUA), leading to multisystemic accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAG). Untreated MPS I patients may die in the first decades of life, mostly due to cardiovascular and respiratory complications. We previously reported that the treatment of newborn MPS I mice with intravenous administration of lipossomal CRISPR/Cas9 complexes carrying the murine Idua gene aiming at the ROSA26 locus resulted in long-lasting IDUA activity and GAG reduction in various tissues. Following this, the present study reports the effects of gene editing in cardiovascular, respiratory, bone, and neurologic functions in MPS I mice. Bone morphology, specifically the width of zygomatic and femoral bones, showed partial improvement. Although heart valves were still thickened, cardiac mass and aortic elastin breaks were reduced, with normalization of aortic diameter. Pulmonary resistance was normalized, suggesting improvement in respiratory function. In contrast, behavioral abnormalities and neuroinflammation still persisted, suggesting deterioration of the neurological functions. The set of results shows that gene editing performed in newborn animals improved some manifestations of the MPS I disorder in bone, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems. However, further studies will be imperative to find better delivery strategies to reach "hard-to-treat" tissues to ensure better systemic and neurological effects.
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14
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Shin J, Kim D, Kim HL, Choi M, Koh Y, Yoon SS. Oncogenic effects of germline variants in lysosomal storage disease genes. Genet Med 2019; 21:2695-2705. [PMID: 31341245 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0588-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical and experimental evidence has suggested pathobiological crosstalk between lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) and cancer. We aimed to elucidate the association between germline variants in LSD genes and cancer. METHODS We performed aggregate rare variant association analysis of potentially pathogenic variants (PPVs) in 42 LSD genes and >30 histological types of cancer using genome sequencing data from 2567 cancer patients (Pan-Cancer cohort) and 2504 healthy individuals (1000 Genomes cohort) and exome sequencing data from 53,105 individuals without cancer (ExAC cohort). RESULTS PPVs were significantly enriched in the Pan-Cancer cohort compared with the 1000 Genomes cohort (PPV prevalence, 20.7% vs. 13.5%; P = 8.7 × 10-12). Cancer risk was higher in individuals with a greater number of PPVs (P = 7.3 × 10-12). Population structure-adjusted optimal sequence kernel association test (SKAT-O) revealed 37 significantly associated cancer type-LSD gene pairs. These results were supported by the consistent tendency toward enrichment of PPVs in cancer patients compared with the ExAC cohort. Cancer developed earlier in PPV carriers than in wild-type patients. Analysis of tumor transcriptomic data from the pancreatic adenocarcinoma cohort revealed 508 genes differentially expressed according to PPV carrier status, which were highly enriched in the core signaling pathways of pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSION Carriers of PPVs in LSD genes are at increased risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghoon Shin
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Daeyoon Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Lae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Ewha Woman's University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngil Koh
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. .,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sung-Soo Yoon
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. .,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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15
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Maegawa GH. Lysosomal Leukodystrophies Lysosomal Storage Diseases Associated With White Matter Abnormalities. J Child Neurol 2019; 34:339-358. [PMID: 30757954 PMCID: PMC6459700 DOI: 10.1177/0883073819828587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The leukodystrophies are a group of genetic metabolic diseases characterized by an abnormal development or progressive degeneration of the myelin sheath. The myelin is a complex sheath composed of several macromolecules covering axons as an insulator. Each of the leukodystrophies is caused by mutations in genes encoding enzymes that are involved in myelin production and maintenance. The lysosomal storage diseases are inborn disorders of compartmentalized cellular organelles with broad clinical manifestations secondary to the progressive accumulation of undegraded macromolecules within lysosomes and related organelles. The more than 60 different lysosomal storage diseases are rare diseases; however, collectively, the incidence of lysosomal storage diseases ranges just over 1 in 2500 live births. The majority of lysosomal storage diseases are associated with neurologic manifestations including developmental delay, seizures, acroparesthesia, motor weakness, and extrapyramidal signs. These inborn organelle disorders show wide clinical variability affecting individuals from all age groups. In addition, several of neurologic, also known as neuronopathic, lysosomal storage diseases are associated with some level of white matter disease, which often triggers the diagnostic investigation. Most lysosomal storage diseases are autosomal recessively inherited and few are X-linked, with females being at risk of presenting with mild, but clinically relevant neurologic manifestations. Biochemical assays are the basis of the diagnosis and are usually confirmed by molecular genetic testing. Novel therapies have emerged. However, most affected patients with lysosomal storage diseases have only supportive management to rely on. A better understanding of the mechanisms resulting in the leukodystrophy will certainly result in innovative and efficacious disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo H.B. Maegawa
- University of Florida, Department of Pediatrics/Genetics
& Metabolism, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
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16
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Yagci ZB, Esvap E, Ozkara HA, Ulgen KO, Olmez EO. Inflammatory response and its relation to sphingolipid metabolism proteins: Chaperones as potential indirect anti-inflammatory agents. MOLECULAR CHAPERONES IN HUMAN DISORDERS 2019; 114:153-219. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Schuh RS, Poletto É, Pasqualim G, Tavares AMV, Meyer FS, Gonzalez EA, Giugliani R, Matte U, Teixeira HF, Baldo G. In vivo genome editing of mucopolysaccharidosis I mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. J Control Release 2018; 288:23-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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De Pasquale V, Sarogni P, Pistorio V, Cerulo G, Paladino S, Pavone LM. Targeting Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Mucopolysaccharidoses. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 10:8-16. [PMID: 29942826 PMCID: PMC6011039 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are inherited metabolic diseases caused by the deficiency of lysosomal enzymes needed to catabolize glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Four therapeutic options are currently considered: enzyme replacement therapy, substrate reduction therapy, gene therapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, while some of them exhibit limited clinical efficacy and require high costs, others are still in development. Therefore, alternative treatments for MPSs need to be explored. Here we describe an innovative therapeutic approach based on the use of a recombinant protein that is able to bind the excess of extracellular accumulated heparan sulfate (HS). We demonstrate that this protein is able to reduce lysosomal defects in primary fibroblasts from MPS I and MPS IIIB patients. We also show that, by masking the excess of extracellular accumulated HS in MPS fibroblasts, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signal transduction can be positively modulated. We, therefore, suggest the use of a competitive binding molecule for HS in MPSs as an alternative strategy to prevent the detrimental extracellular substrate storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Pasquale
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sarogni
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Pistorio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuliana Cerulo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Paladino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Michele Pavone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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19
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Kuroda M, Saito Y, Aso M, Yokote K. A Novel Approach to the Treatment of Plasma Protein Deficiency: Ex Vivo-Manipulated Adipocytes for Sustained Secretion of Therapeutic Proteins. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:217-224. [PMID: 29491255 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the critical need for lifelong treatment of inherited and genetic diseases, there are no developmental efforts for most such diseases due to their rarity. Recent progress in gene therapy, including the approvals of two products (Glybera and Strimvelis) that may provide patients with sustained effects, has shed light on the development of gene therapy products. Most gene therapy products are based on either adeno-associated virus-mediated in vivo gene transfer to target tissues or administration of ex vivo gene-transduced hematopoietic cells. In such circumstances, there is room for different approaches to provide clinicians with other therapeutic options through a variety of principles based on studies not only to gain an understanding of the pathological mechanisms of diseases, but also to understand the physiological functions of target tissues and cells. In this review, we summarize recent progress in gene therapy-mediated enzyme replacement and introduce a different approach using adipocytes to enable lifelong treatment for intractable plasma protein deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Kuroda
- Center for Advanced Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University
| | | | | | - Koutaro Yokote
- Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
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20
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Impact, Characterization, and Rescue of Pre-mRNA Splicing Mutations in Lysosomal Storage Disorders. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9020073. [PMID: 29415500 PMCID: PMC5852569 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) represent a group of more than 50 severe metabolic diseases caused by the deficiency of specific lysosomal hydrolases, activators, carriers, or lysosomal integral membrane proteins, leading to the abnormal accumulation of substrates within the lysosomes. Numerous mutations have been described in each disease-causing gene; among them, about 5-19% affect the pre-mRNA splicing process. In the last decade, several strategies to rescue/increase normal splicing of mutated transcripts have been developed and LSDs represent excellent candidates for this type of approach: (i) most of them are inherited in an autosomic recessive manner and patients affected by late-onset (LO) phenotypes often retain a fair amount of residual enzymatic activity; thus, even a small recovery of normal splicing may be beneficial in clinical settings; (ii) most LSDs still lack effective treatments or are currently treated with extremely expensive approaches; (iii) in few LSDs, a single splicing mutation accounts for up to 40-70% of pathogenic alleles. At present, numerous preclinical studies support the feasibility of reverting the pathological phenotype by partially rescuing splicing defects in LSDs. This review provides an overview of the impact of splicing mutations in LSDs and the related therapeutic approaches currently under investigation in these disorders.
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21
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Vuillemenot BR, Korte S, Wright TL, Adams EL, Boyd RB, Butt MT. Safety Evaluation of CNS Administered Biologics-Study Design, Data Interpretation, and Translation to the Clinic. Toxicol Sci 2018; 152:3-9. [PMID: 27354708 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many central nervous system (CNS) diseases are inadequately treated by systemically administered therapies due to the blood brain barrier (BBB), which prevents achieving adequate drug concentrations at sites of action. Due to the increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases and the inability of most systemically administered therapies to cross the BBB, direct CNS delivery will likely play an increasing role in treatment. Administration of large molecules, cells, viral vectors, oligonucleotides, and other novel therapies directly to the CNS via the subarachnoid space, ventricular system, or parenchyma overcomes this obstacle. Clinical experience with direct CNS administration of small molecule therapies suggests that this approach may be efficacious for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders using biological therapies. Risks of administration into the brain tissue or cerebrospinal fluid include local damage from implantation of the delivery system and/or administration of the therapeutic and reactions affecting the CNS. Preclinical safety studies on CNS administered compounds must differentiate between the effects of the test article, the delivery device, and/or the vehicle, and assess exacerbations of reactions due to combinations of effects. Animal models characterized for safety assessment of CNS administered therapeutics have enabled human trials, but interpretation can be challenging. This manuscript outlines the challenges of preclinical intrathecal/intracerebroventricular/intraparenchymal studies, evaluation of results, considerations for special endpoints, and translation of preclinical findings to enable first-in-human trials. Recommendations will be made based on the authors' collective experience with conducting these studies to enable clinical development of CNS-administered biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sven Korte
- Covance Laboratories GmbH, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Eric L Adams
- Northern Biomedical Research, Muskegon, Michigan
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22
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Kuiper GA, Meijer OLM, Langereis EJ, Wijburg FA. Failure to shorten the diagnostic delay in two ultra-orphan diseases (mucopolysaccharidosis types I and III): potential causes and implications. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018; 13:2. [PMID: 29310675 PMCID: PMC5759238 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-017-0733-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rare diseases are often un- or misdiagnosed for extended periods, resulting in a long diagnostic delay that may significantly add to the burden of the disease. An early diagnosis is particularly essential if a disease-modifying treatment is available. The purpose of this study was to assess the extent of the diagnostic delay in the two ultra-rare diseases, i.e., mucopolysaccharidosis I (MPS I) and III (MPS III), both of which are lysosomal storage disorders with different phenotypic severities (MPS 1 is characterized by the severe Hurler and the more attenuated non-Hurler phenotypes, MPS III is characterized by the severe rapidly progressing (RP) phenotype and more attenuated slowly progressing (SP) phenotype). We investigated whether the diagnostic delay changed over the previous decades. Results The diagnostic delay, which is defined as the time between the first visit to a medical doctor for disease-related symptoms and the final diagnosis, was assessed using telephone interviews with patients diagnosed between 1988 and 2017 and/or their parents or legal guardian(s). In addition, the medical charts were reviewed. For MPS I (n = 29), the median diagnostic delay was 8 months (range 1-24 months) for Hurler patients and 28 months (range 2-147 months) for non-Hurler patients. For MPS III (n = 46), the median diagnostic delay was 33 months (range 1-365 months). No difference was observed between the RP and SP phenotypic groups. Comparing the diagnostic delay over time using 5-year time intervals, no reduction in the diagnostic delay was observed for MPS I or MPS III. Conclusions In the Netherlands, the time to diagnosis for patients with MPS I and MPS III has not changed between 1988 and 2017, and an extensive delay still exists between the first visit to a medical doctor for disease-related symptoms and the final diagnosis. The numerous campaigns launched to increase awareness, leading to earlier diagnosis of these rare disorders, particularly of MPS I, have failed to achieve their goal. Robust selected screening protocols embedded in national guidelines and newborn screening for disorders that meet the criteria for population screening may be the only effective approaches for reducing the diagnostic delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gé-Ann Kuiper
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital and Amsterdam Lysosome Center "Sphinx", Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olga L M Meijer
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital and Amsterdam Lysosome Center "Sphinx", Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline J Langereis
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital and Amsterdam Lysosome Center "Sphinx", Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frits A Wijburg
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital and Amsterdam Lysosome Center "Sphinx", Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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23
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Sands SA, LeVine SM. Substrate reduction therapy for Krabbe's disease. J Neurosci Res 2017; 94:1261-72. [PMID: 27638608 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Krabbe's disease (KD) is a lysosomal storage disorder in which galactosylceramide, a major glycosphingolipid of myelin, and psychosine (galactose-sphingosine) cannot be adequately metabolized because of a deficiency in galactosylceramidase. Substrate reduction therapy (SRT) has been tested in preclinical studies. The premise of SRT is to reduce the synthesis of substrates that are not adequately digested so that the substrate burden is lowered, resulting in less accumulation of unmetabolized material. SRT is used for Gaucher's disease, in which inhibitors of the terminal biosynthetic step are used. Unfortunately, an inhibitor for the final step of galactosylceramide biosynthesis, i.e., UDP glycosyltransferase 8 (a.k.a. UDP-galactose ceramide galactosyltransferase), has not been found. Approaches that inhibit an earlier biosynthetic step or that lessen the substrate burden by other means, such as genetic manipulations, have been tested in the twitcher mouse model of KD. Either as a stand-alone therapy or in combination with other approaches, SRT slowed the disease course, indicating that this approach has potential therapeutic value. For instance, in individuals with adult-onset disease, SRT theoretically could lessen the production of substrates so that residual enzymatic activity could adequately manage the lower substrate burden. In more severe forms of disease, SRT theoretically could be part of a combination therapy. However, SRT has the potential to impair normal function by reducing the synthesis of galactosylceramide to levels that impede myelin function, or SRT could have other deleterious effects. Thus, multiple issues need to be resolved before this approach is ready for testing in humans. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Sands
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Steven M LeVine
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
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24
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Schuh RS, de Carvalho TG, Giugliani R, Matte U, Baldo G, Teixeira HF. Gene editing of MPS I human fibroblasts by co-delivery of a CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid and a donor oligonucleotide using nanoemulsions as nonviral carriers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 122:158-166. [PMID: 29122734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is an inherited disease caused by the deficiency of alpha-L-iduronidase (IDUA). This study shows the use of nanoemulsions co-complexed with the plasmid of CRISPR/Cas9 system and a donor oligonucleotide aiming at MPS I gene editing in vitro. Nanoemulsions composed of MCT, DOPE, DOTAP, DSPE-PEG, and water were prepared by high-pressure homogenization. The DNA was complexed by adsorption (NA) or encapsulation (NE) of preformed DNA/DOTAP complexes with nanoemulsions at +4/-1 charge ratio. The incubation in pure DMEM or supplemented with serum showed that the complexation with DNA was stable after 1 h of incubation, but the complexes tended to release the adsorbed DNA after 24 h of incubation, while the encapsulated DNA remained complexed in the oil core of the nanoemulsions even 48 h after incubation with DMEM. The treatment of MPS I patient's fibroblasts homozygous for the p.Trp402∗ mutation led to a significant increase in IDUA activity at 2, 15, and 30 days when compared to MPS I untreated fibroblasts. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy demonstrated that there was a reduction in the area of lysosomes to values similar to normal, an indicator of correction of the cellular phenotype. These results show that the nanoemulsions co-complexed with the CRISPR/Cas9 system and a donor oligonucleotide could effectively transfect MPS I p.Trp402∗ patient's fibroblasts, as well as enable the production of IDUA, and represent a potential new treatment option for MPS I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roselena Silvestri Schuh
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Farmácia, Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Terapia Gênica - Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Talita Giacomet de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Campus do Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Terapia Gênica - Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Campus do Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Terapia Gênica - Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ursula Matte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Campus do Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Terapia Gênica - Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Baldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Campus do Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Terapia Gênica - Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helder Ferreira Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Farmácia, Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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25
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Deodato F, Procopio E, Rampazzo A, Taurisano R, Donati MA, Dionisi-Vici C, Caciotti A, Morrone A, Scarpa M. The treatment of juvenile/adult GM1-gangliosidosis with Miglustat may reverse disease progression. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1529-1536. [PMID: 28577204 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0044-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile and adult GM1-gangliosidosis are invariably characterized by progressive neurological deterioration. To date only symptomatic therapies are available. We report for the first time the positive results of Miglustat (OGT 918, N-butyl-deoxynojirimycin) treatment on three Italian GM1-gangliosidosis patients. The first two patients had a juvenile form (enzyme activity ≤5%, GLB1 genotype p.R201H/c.1068 + 1G > T; p.R201H/p.I51N), while the third patient had an adult form (enzyme activity about 7%, p.T329A/p.R442Q). Treatment with Miglustat at the dose of 600 mg/day was started at the age of 10, 17 and 28 years; age at last evaluation was 21, 20 and 38 respectively. Response to treatment was evaluated using neurological examinations in all three patients every 4-6 months, the assessment of Movement Disorder-Childhood Rating Scale (MD-CRS) in the second patient, and the 6-Minute Walking Test (6-MWT) in the third patient. The baseline neurological status was severely impaired, with loss of autonomous ambulation and speech in the first two patients, and gait and language difficulties in the third patient. All three patients showed gradual improvement while being treated; both juvenile patients regained the ability to walk without assistance for few meters, and increased alertness and vocalization. The MD-CRS class score in the second patient decreased from 4 to 2. The third patient improved in movement and speech control, the distance covered during the 6-MWT increased from 338 to 475 m. These results suggest that Miglustat may help slow down or reverse the disease progression in juvenile/adult GM1-gangliosidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Deodato
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Procopio
- Metabolic and Neuromuscular Unit, Neuroscience Department, A. Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Angelica Rampazzo
- Department of Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberta Taurisano
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Alice Donati
- Metabolic and Neuromuscular Unit, Neuroscience Department, A. Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Caciotti
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Pediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Department, A. Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| | - Amelia Morrone
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Pediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Department, A. Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maurizio Scarpa
- Department of Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Padua, Italy
- Center for Rare Diseases, HELIOS Horst Schmidt Klinik, Wiesbaden, DE, Germany
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26
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Meijer OLM, van den Biggelaar P, Ofman R, Wijburg FA, van Vlies N. High-Throughput Screen Fails to Identify Compounds That Enhance Residual Enzyme Activity of Mutant N-Acetyl-α-Glucosaminidase in Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IIIB. JIMD Rep 2017; 39:97-106. [PMID: 28836185 PMCID: PMC5953891 DOI: 10.1007/8904_2017_51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the severe neurodegenerative disorder mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB (MPSIIIB or Sanfilippo disease type B), deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme N-acetyl-α-glucosaminidase (NAGLU) results in accumulation of heparan sulfate. Patients present with a severe, rapidly progressing phenotype (RP) or a more attenuated, slowly progressing phenotype (SP). In a previous study, residual NAGLU activity in fibroblasts of SP patients could be increased by culturing at 30°C, probably as a result of improved protein folding and lysosomal targeting under these conditions. Chaperones are molecules which influence protein folding and could therefore have therapeutic potential in SP MPSIIIB patients. Here we studied the effects of 1,302 different compounds on residual NAGLU activity in SP MPSIIIB patient fibroblasts including 1,280 approved compounds from the Prestwick Chemical Library. METHODS Skin fibroblasts of healthy controls, an SP MPSIIIB patient (homozygous for the temperature sensitive mutation p.S612G) and an RP MPSIIIB patient (homozygous for the p.R297* mutation and non-temperature sensitive), were used. A high-throughput assay for measurement of NAGLU activity was developed and validated, after which 1,302 different molecules were tested for their potential to increase NAGLU activity. RESULTS None of the compounds tested were able to enhance NAGLU activity. CONCLUSIONS This high-throughput screen failed to identify compounds that could enhance residual activity of mutant NAGLU in fibroblasts of SP MPSIIIB patients with temperature sensitive mutations. To therapeutically simulate the positive effect of lower temperatures on residual NAGLU activity, first more insight is needed into the mechanisms underlying this temperature dependent increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. L. M. Meijer
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital and Amsterdam Lysosome Center “Sphinx”, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P. van den Biggelaar
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R. Ofman
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F. A. Wijburg
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital and Amsterdam Lysosome Center “Sphinx”, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N. van Vlies
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital and Amsterdam Lysosome Center “Sphinx”, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,Intravacc, Institute for Translational Vaccinology, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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Schuchman EH, Mitchell J, Solyom A. Morbidity and mortality associated with Farber disease and prospects for therapy. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1359086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward H. Schuchman
- Genetic Disease Foundation-Francis Crick Professor, Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Mitchell
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alex Solyom
- Clinical Research & Patient Affairs, Enzyvant, Basel, Switzerland
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28
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Liu Y, Yi F, Kumar AB, Kumar Chennamaneni N, Hong X, Scott CR, Gelb MH, Turecek F. Multiplex Tandem Mass Spectrometry Enzymatic Activity Assay for Newborn Screening of the Mucopolysaccharidoses and Type 2 Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis. Clin Chem 2017; 63:1118-1126. [PMID: 28428354 PMCID: PMC5545178 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2016.269167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We expanded the use of tandem mass spectrometry combined with liquid chromatography (LC-MS/MS) for multiplex newborn screening of seven lysosomal enzymes in dried blood spots (DBS). The new assays are for enzymes responsible for the mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS-I, -II, -IIIB, -IVA, -VI, and -VII) and type 2 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (LINCL). METHODS New substrates were prepared and characterized for tripeptidyl peptidase 1 (TPP1), α-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGLU), and lysosomal β-glucuronidase (GUSB). These assays were combined with previously developed assays to provide a multiplex LC-MS/MS assay of 7 lysosomal storage diseases. Multiple reaction monitoring of ion dissociations for enzyme products and deuterium-labeled internal standards was used to quantify the enzyme activities. RESULTS Deidentified DBS samples from 62 nonaffected newborns were analyzed to simultaneously determine (run time 2 min per DBS) the activities of TPP1, NAGLU, and GUSB, along with those for α-iduronidase (IDUA), iduronate-2-sulfatase (I2S), N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS), and N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase (ARSB). The activities measured in the 7-plex format showed assay response-to-blank-activity ratios (analytical ranges) of 102-909 that clearly separated healthy infants from affected children. CONCLUSIONS The new multiplex assay provides a robust comprehensive newborn screening assay for the mucopolysaccharidoses. The method has been expanded to include additional lysosomal storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael H Gelb
- Departments of Chemistry,
- Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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29
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Emerging therapies for neuropathic lysosomal storage disorders. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 152:166-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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30
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Pérez-López J, Ceberio-Hualde L, García-Morillo J, Grau-Junyent J, Hermida Ameijeiras A, López-Rodríguez M, Milisenda J, Moltó Abad M, Morales-Conejo M, Nava Mateos J. Clinical characteristics of adult patients with inborn errors of metabolism in Spain: A review of 500 cases from university hospitals. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2017; 10:92-95. [PMID: 28224082 PMCID: PMC5310594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) have become an emerging and challenging group in the adult healthcare system whose needs should be known in order to implement appropriate policies and to adapt adult clinical departments. We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of adult patients with IEMs who attend the most important Spanish hospitals caring for these conditions. A cohort study was conducted in 500 patients, categorized by metabolic subtype according to pathophysiological classification. The most prevalent group of IEMs was amino acid disorders, with 108 (21.6%) patients diagnosed with phenylketonuria. Lysosomal storage disorders were the second group, in which 32 (6.4%) and 25 (5%) patients had Fabry disease and Gaucher disease respectively. The great clinical heterogeneity, the significant delay in diagnosis after symptom onset, the existence of some degree of physical dependence in a great number of patients, the need for a multidisciplinary and coordinated approach, and the lack of specific drug treatment are common features in this group of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Pérez-López
- Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo del Adulto, Unidad de Enfermedades Minoritarias, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, CSUR de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L. Ceberio-Hualde
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, CSUR de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo, Baracaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - J.S. García-Morillo
- Unidad de Enfermedades Minoritarias, Área de Medicina Interna en la Unidad Clínica de Atención Médica Integral (UCAMI), Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - J.M. Grau-Junyent
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Grupo de Enfermedades Minoritarias, Hospital Clínic, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Hermida Ameijeiras
- Unidad de Enfermedades Metabólicas Congénitas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, CSUR de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M. López-Rodríguez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja, Madrid, Spain
| | - J.C. Milisenda
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Grupo de Enfermedades Minoritarias, Hospital Clínic, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Moltó Abad
- Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo del Adulto, Unidad de Enfermedades Minoritarias, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, CSUR de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Morales-Conejo
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, CSUR de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo, Madrid, Spain
| | - J.J. Nava Mateos
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, CSUR de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo, Madrid, Spain
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31
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Wiseman JA, Meng Y, Nemtsova Y, Matteson PG, Millonig JH, Moore DF, Sleat DE, Lobel P. Chronic Enzyme Replacement to the Brain of a Late Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Mouse Has Differential Effects on Phenotypes of Disease. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2017; 4:204-212. [PMID: 28345005 PMCID: PMC5363315 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (LINCL) is a fatal inherited neurodegenerative disease caused by loss of lysosomal protease tripeptidyl peptidase 1 (TPP1). We have investigated the effects of chronic intrathecal (IT) administration using enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) to the brain of an LINCL mouse model, in which locomotor function declines dramatically prior to early death. Median lifespan was significantly extended from 126 days to >259 days when chronic IT treatment was initiated before the onset of disease. While treated animals lived longer and showed little sign of locomotor dysfunction as measured by stride length, some or all (depending on regimen) still died prematurely. One explanation is that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-mediated delivery may not deliver TPP1 to all brain regions. Morphological studies support this, showing delivery of TPP1 to ventral, but not deeper and dorsal regions. When IT treatment is initiated in severely affected LINCL mice, lifespan was extended modestly in most but dramatically extended in approximately one-third of the cohort. Treatment improved locomotor function in these severely compromised animals after it had declined to the point at which animals normally die. This indicates that some pathology in LINCL is reversible and does not simply reflect neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Wiseman
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Yu Meng
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Yuliya Nemtsova
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Paul G Matteson
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - James H Millonig
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Neuroscience & Cell Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Dirk F Moore
- School of Public Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - David E Sleat
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Peter Lobel
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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32
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He X, Dworski S, Zhu C, DeAngelis V, Solyom A, Medin JA, Simonaro CM, Schuchman EH. Enzyme replacement therapy for Farber disease: Proof-of-concept studies in cells and mice. BBA CLINICAL 2017; 7:85-96. [PMID: 28275553 PMCID: PMC5338723 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of studies were carried out in Farber disease (OMIM #228000) cells and mice to evaluate the feasibility of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for this disorder. Media from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells overexpressing human recombinant acid ceramidase (rhAC) was used to treat fibroblasts from a Farber disease patient, leading to significantly reduced ceramide. We also found that chondrocytes from Farber disease mice had a markedly abnormal chondrogenic phenotype, and this was corrected by rhAC as well. Acute dosing of rhAC in Farber mice confirmed the enzyme's bioactivity in vivo, and showed that it could be safely administered at doses up to 50 mg/kg. These studies also revealed little or no re-accumulation of ceramide in tissues for at least 7 days after enzyme administration. Once weekly administration of rhAC moderately improved survival of the mice, which could be enhanced by starting enzyme administration at an earlier age (3 days vs. 3 weeks). Repeat administration of the enzyme also led to normalization of spleen size, significantly reduced plasma levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), reduced infiltration of macrophages into liver and spleen, and significantly reduced ceramide and sphingosine in tissues. Overall, we conclude that ERT should be further developed for this debilitating and life-threatening disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxuan He
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Shaalee Dworski
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Changzhi Zhu
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Victor DeAngelis
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey A Medin
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Calogera M Simonaro
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Edward H Schuchman
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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33
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Extraneuronal pathology in a canine model of CLN2 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis after intracerebroventricular gene therapy that delays neurological disease progression. Gene Ther 2017; 24:215-223. [PMID: 28079862 PMCID: PMC5398942 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2017.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
CLN2 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is a hereditary lysosomal storage disease with primarily neurological signs that results from mutations in TPP1, which encodes the lysosomal enzyme tripeptidyl peptidase-1 (TPP1). Studies using a canine model for this disorder demonstrated that delivery of TPP1 enzyme to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by intracerebroventricular administration of an AAV-TPP1 vector resulted in substantial delays in the onset and progression of neurological signs and prolongation of life span. We hypothesized that the treatment may not deliver therapeutic levels of this protein to tissues outside the central nervous system that also require TPP1 for normal lysosomal function. To test this hypothesis, dogs treated with CSF administration of AAV-TPP1 were evaluated for the development of non-neuronal pathology. Affected treated dogs exhibited progressive cardiac pathology reflected by elevated plasma cardiac troponin-1, impaired cardiac function and development of histopathological myocardial lesions. Progressive increases in the plasma activity levels of alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase indicated development of pathology in the liver and muscles. The treatment also did not prevent disease-related accumulation of lysosomal storage bodies in the heart or liver. These studies indicate that optimal treatment outcomes for CLN2 disease may require delivery of TPP1 systemically as well as directly to the central nervous system.
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34
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Lysosomal Re-acidification Prevents Lysosphingolipid-Induced Lysosomal Impairment and Cellular Toxicity. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e1002583. [PMID: 27977664 PMCID: PMC5169359 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are severe and untreatable, and mechanisms underlying cellular dysfunction are poorly understood. We found that toxic lipids relevant to three different LSDs disrupt multiple lysosomal and other cellular functions. Unbiased drug discovery revealed several structurally distinct protective compounds, approved for other uses, that prevent lysosomal and cellular toxicities of these lipids. Toxic lipids and protective agents show unexpected convergence on control of lysosomal pH and re-acidification as a critical component of toxicity and protection. In twitcher mice (a model of Krabbe disease [KD]), a central nervous system (CNS)-penetrant protective agent rescued myelin and oligodendrocyte (OL) progenitors, improved motor behavior, and extended lifespan. Our studies reveal shared principles relevant to several LSDs, in which diverse cellular and biochemical disruptions appear to be secondary to disruption of lysosomal pH regulation by specific lipids. These studies also provide novel protective strategies that confer therapeutic benefits in a mouse model of a severe LSD.
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35
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Peake RWA, Bodamer OA. Newborn Screening for Lysosomal Storage Disorders. J Pediatr Genet 2016; 6:51-60. [PMID: 28180027 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1593843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Newborn screening is one of the most important public health initiatives to date, focusing on the identification of presymptomatic newborn infants with treatable conditions to reduce morbidity and mortality. The number of screening conditions continues to expand due to advances in screening technologies and the development of novel therapies. Consequently, some of the lysosomal storage disorders are now considered as candidates for newborn screening, although many challenges including identification of late-onset phenotypes remain. This review provides a critical appraisal of the current state of newborn screening for lysosomal storage disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy W A Peake
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Olaf A Bodamer
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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36
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El Cheikh K, Basile I, Da Silva A, Bernon C, Cérutti P, Salgues F, Perez M, Maynadier M, Gary-Bobo M, Caillaud C, Cérutti M, Garcia M, Morère A. Design of Potent Mannose 6-Phosphate Analogues for the Functionalization of Lysosomal Enzymes To Improve the Treatment of Pompe Disease. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Frédéric Salgues
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS UM; Faculté de Pharmacie; 34093 Montpellier cedex 05 France
| | - Marc Perez
- INRA, UMR 1083; 34060 Montpellier France
| | | | - Magali Gary-Bobo
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS UM; Faculté de Pharmacie; 34093 Montpellier cedex 05 France
| | - Catherine Caillaud
- Biochimie Métabolique et Protéique, AH-HP, Hopital Necker Enfants-Malades and Inserm U1151; Institut Necker Enfants Malades; Université Paris-Descartes; Paris France
| | | | - Marcel Garcia
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS UM; Faculté de Pharmacie; 34093 Montpellier cedex 05 France
| | - Alain Morère
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS UM; Faculté de Pharmacie; 34093 Montpellier cedex 05 France
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37
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Jang DS, Ye W, Guimei T, Solomon M, Southall N, Hu X, Marugan J, Ferrer M, Maegawa GHB. Cell-based high-throughput screening identifies galactocerebrosidase enhancers as potential small-molecule therapies for Krabbe's disease. J Neurosci Res 2016; 94:1231-45. [PMID: 27638606 PMCID: PMC5328637 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Krabbe's disease, also known as globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD), is a lysosomal storage disease caused by the deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme β-galactocerebrosidase (GALC), resulting in severe neurological manifestations related to demyelination secondary to elevated galactosylsphingosine (psychosine) with its subsequent cytotoxicity. The only available treatment is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which delays disease onset but does not prevent long-term neurological manifestations. This article describes the identification of small molecules that enhance mutant GALC activity, identified by quantitative cell-based high-throughput screening (qHTS). Using a specific neurologically relevant murine cell line (145M-Twi) modified to express common human hGALC-G270D mutant, we were able to detect GALC activity in a 1,536-well microplate format. The qHTS of approximately 46,000 compounds identified three small molecules that showed significant enhancements of residual mutant GALC activity in primary cell lines from GLD patients. These compounds were shown to increase the levels of GALC-G270D mutant in the lysosomal compartment. In kinetic assessments, these small molecules failed to disturb the GALC kinetic profile under acidic conditions, which is highly desirable for folding-assisting molecules operating in the endoplasmic reticulum and not affecting GALC catalytic properties in the lysosomal compartment. In addition, these small molecules rescued the decreased GALC activity at neutral pH and partially stabilized GALC under heat-denaturating conditions. These drug-like compounds can be used as the starting point to develop novel small-molecule agents to treat the progressive neurodegenerative course of GLD. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Song Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Wenjuan Ye
- National Institutes of Health Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Tian Guimei
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Melani Solomon
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Noel Southall
- National Institutes of Health Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Xin Hu
- National Institutes of Health Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Juan Marugan
- National Institutes of Health Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Marc Ferrer
- National Institutes of Health Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Gustavo H B Maegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
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38
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El Cheikh K, Basile I, Da Silva A, Bernon C, Cérutti P, Salgues F, Perez M, Maynadier M, Gary‐Bobo M, Caillaud C, Cérutti M, Garcia M, Morère A. Design of Potent Mannose 6‐Phosphate Analogues for the Functionalization of Lysosomal Enzymes To Improve the Treatment of Pompe Disease. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:14774-14777. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Frédéric Salgues
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS UM Faculté de Pharmacie 34093 Montpellier cedex 05 France
| | | | | | - Magali Gary‐Bobo
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS UM Faculté de Pharmacie 34093 Montpellier cedex 05 France
| | - Catherine Caillaud
- Biochimie Métabolique et Protéique, AH-HP, Hopital Necker Enfants-Malades and Inserm U1151 Institut Necker Enfants Malades Université Paris-Descartes Paris France
| | | | - Marcel Garcia
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS UM Faculté de Pharmacie 34093 Montpellier cedex 05 France
| | - Alain Morère
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS UM Faculté de Pharmacie 34093 Montpellier cedex 05 France
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Yoshida S, Kido J, Matsumoto S, Momosaki K, Mitsubuchi H, Shimazu T, Sugawara K, Endo F, Nakamura K. Prenatal diagnosis of Gaucher disease using next-generation sequencing. Pediatr Int 2016; 58:946-9. [PMID: 27682613 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the prenatal diagnosis of Gaucher disease (GD), glucocerebrosidase (GBA) activity is measured with fetal cells, and gene analysis is performed when pathogenic mutations in GBA are identified in advance. Herein is described prenatal diagnosis in a family in which two children had GD. Although prior genetic information for this GD family was not obtained, next-generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out for this family because immediate prenatal diagnosis was necessary. Three mutations were identified in this GD family. The father had one mutation in intron 3 (IVS2 + 1), the mother had two mutations in exons 3 (I[-20]V) and 5 (M85T), and child 1 had all three of these mutations; child 3 had none of these mutations. On NGS the present fetus (child 3) was not a carrier of GD-related mutations. NGS may facilitate early detection and treatment before disease onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Yoshida
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN), Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jun Kido
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shirou Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ken Momosaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mitsubuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Shimazu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kumamoto Saishunso National Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keishin Sugawara
- Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN), Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Fumio Endo
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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40
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Elmonem MA, Mahmoud IG, Mehaney DA, Sharaf SA, Hassan SA, Orabi A, Salem F, Girgis MY, El-Badawy A, Abdelwahab M, Salah Z, Soliman NA, Hassan FA, Selim LA. Lysosomal Storage Disorders in Egyptian Children. Indian J Pediatr 2016; 83:805-13. [PMID: 26830282 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-015-2014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the spectrum, relative prevalence and molecular background of lysosomal storage disorders in Egypt. METHODS The authors evaluated the selective screening program for the diagnosis of lysosomal storage disorders in Egyptian children presenting to the inherited metabolic disease unit at Cairo University Children's Hospital, the largest tertiary care pediatric hospital in Egypt, over a six-year period (April 2008 through April 2014). During this period, 1,065 suspected children were assessed clinically, biochemically and some genetically. RESULTS Two hundred and eleven children (aged 44 ± 32 mo; 56 % boys, 82 % with consanguineous parents) were confirmed with 21 different lysosomal disorders. The diagnostic gap ranged between 2 mo and 14 y (average 25 mo). Mucopolysaccharidoses were the most common group of diseases diagnosed (44.5 %), while Maroteaux-Lamy, Gaucher and nephropathic cystinosis were the most commonly detected syndromes (17.1, 14.7 and 13.7 %, respectively). Eighty mutant alleles and 17 pathogenic mutations were detected in 48 genetically assessed confirmed patients (30 Gaucher, 16 cystinosis and two Niemann-Pick type C patients). CONCLUSIONS This report is the first to describe relative frequency and spectrum of clinical and molecular data in a large cohort of Egyptian lysosomal patients. The crude estimate denotes that over 80 % of Egyptian lysosomal patients do not have access to optimal diagnosis. Upgrading diagnostic and genetic services for lysosomal storage disorders in Egypt is absolutely necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Elmonem
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. .,Inherited Metabolic Disease Unit (IMDU), Cairo University Children's Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. .,Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Inherited Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 2 Ali Pasha Ibrahim Street, Center of Social and Preventive Medicine, Room 409, Monira, Cairo, 11628, Egypt.
| | - Iman G Mahmoud
- Inherited Metabolic Disease Unit (IMDU), Cairo University Children's Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina A Mehaney
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Inherited Metabolic Disease Unit (IMDU), Cairo University Children's Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Sharaf
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Inherited Metabolic Disease Unit (IMDU), Cairo University Children's Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sawsan A Hassan
- Inherited Metabolic Disease Unit (IMDU), Cairo University Children's Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pediatric Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza Orabi
- Inherited Metabolic Disease Unit (IMDU), Cairo University Children's Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fadia Salem
- Inherited Metabolic Disease Unit (IMDU), Cairo University Children's Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pediatric Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marian Y Girgis
- Inherited Metabolic Disease Unit (IMDU), Cairo University Children's Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira El-Badawy
- Inherited Metabolic Disease Unit (IMDU), Cairo University Children's Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magy Abdelwahab
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeinab Salah
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Neveen A Soliman
- Center for Pediatric Nephrology and Transplantation (CPNT), Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Egyptian Group of Orphan Renal Diseases (EGORD), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fayza A Hassan
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Inherited Metabolic Disease Unit (IMDU), Cairo University Children's Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila A Selim
- Inherited Metabolic Disease Unit (IMDU), Cairo University Children's Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Siddiqi F, Wolfe JH. Stem Cell Therapy for the Central Nervous System in Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 27:749-757. [PMID: 27420186 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases with genetic etiologies result in the loss or dysfunction of neural cells throughout the CNS. At present, few treatment options exist for the majority of neurogenetic diseases. Stem cell transplantation (SCT) into the CNS has the potential to be an effective treatment modality because progenitor cells may replace lost cells in the diseased brain, provide multiple trophic factors, or deliver missing proteins. This review focuses on the use of SCT in lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), a large group of monogenic disorders with prominent CNS disease. In most patients the CNS disease results in intellectual disability that is refractory to current standard-of-care treatment. A large amount of preclinical work on brain-directed SCT has been performed in rodent LSD models. Cell types that have been used for direct delivery into the CNS include neural stem cells, embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells. Hematopoietic stem cells have been an effective therapy for the CNS in a few LSDs and may be augmented by overexpression of the missing gene. Current barriers and potential strategies to improve SCT for translation into effective patient therapies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faez Siddiqi
- 1 Research Institute of Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John H Wolfe
- 1 Research Institute of Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine and W.F. Goodman Center for Comparative Medical Genetics, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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42
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Schuh RS, Baldo G, Teixeira HF. Nanotechnology applied to treatment of mucopolysaccharidoses. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1709-1718. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1202235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roselena S. Schuh
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da UFRGS, Faculdade de Farmácia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Baldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular da UFRGS, Departamento de Fisiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helder F. Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da UFRGS, Faculdade de Farmácia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Kadali S, Patlolla RD, Kolusu A, Undamatla KT, Gummadi MR, Undamatla J. The utility of two dimensional electrophoresis in diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis disorders. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 457:36-40. [PMID: 26995660 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucopolysaccharidoses are a group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders consisting of 7 distinct clinical types and numerous subtypes. These are the result of deficiency of certain lysosomal degradative enzymes which are required to breakdown Glycosaminoglycans. The clinical features observed among Mucopolysaccharidoses subtypes show overlapping signs and symptoms with other lysosomal storage disorders and rheumatologic disorders. This makes clinical diagnosis a challenge. With the advent of new therapies, appropriate medical management is possible and hence establishing timely diagnosis has become crucial. METHODS In this retrospective data analysis, 2 different diagnostic approaches were discussed. The first diagnostic approach involves screening by Glycosaminoglycans' quantification and two-dimensional cellulose acetate electrophoresis and confirmation by enzyme analysis. The second diagnostic approach involves direct enzyme analysis on basis of the clinical suspicion. RESULTS This first approach seems to be appropriate for the diagnosis of almost all types of Mucopolysaccharidoses. The second approach is found to be more pertinent for type III Mucopolysaccharidosis. CONCLUSIONS Our retrospective data analysis suggests that urinary Glycosaminoglycans screening followed by enzyme analysis confirmation seems to be rapid and cost effective approach for diagnosing these disorders.
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Investigation of original multivalent iminosugars as pharmacological chaperones for the treatment of Gaucher disease. Carbohydr Res 2016; 429:98-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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45
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Schuchman EH. Acid ceramidase and the treatment of ceramide diseases: The expanding role of enzyme replacement therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1459-71. [PMID: 27155573 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ceramides are a diverse group of sphingolipids that play important roles in many biological processes. Acid ceramidase (AC) is one key enzyme that regulates ceramide metabolism. Early research on AC focused on the fact that it is the enzyme deficient in the rare genetic disorder, Farber Lipogranulomatosis. Recent research has revealed that deficiency of the same enzyme is responsible for a rare form of spinal muscular atrophy associated with myoclonic epilepsy (SMA-PME). Due to their diverse role in biology, accumulation of ceramides also has been implicated in the pathobiology of many other common diseases, including infectious lung diseases, diabetes, cancers and others. This has revealed the potential of AC as a therapy for many of these diseases. This review will focus on the biology of AC and the potential role of this enzyme in the treatment of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward H Schuchman
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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46
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Xu M, Motabar O, Ferrer M, Marugan JJ, Zheng W, Ottinger EA. Disease models for the development of therapies for lysosomal storage diseases. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1371:15-29. [PMID: 27144735 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of rare diseases in which the function of the lysosome is disrupted by the accumulation of macromolecules. The complexity underlying the pathogenesis of LSDs and the small, often pediatric, population of patients make the development of therapies for these diseases challenging. Current treatments are only available for a small subset of LSDs and have not been effective at treating neurological symptoms. Disease-relevant cellular and animal models with high clinical predictability are critical for the discovery and development of new treatments for LSDs. In this paper, we review how LSD patient primary cells and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cellular models are providing novel assay systems in which phenotypes are more similar to those of the human LSD physiology. Furthermore, larger animal disease models are providing additional tools for evaluation of the efficacy of drug candidates. Early predictors of efficacy and better understanding of disease biology can significantly affect the translational process by focusing efforts on those therapies with the higher probability of success, thus decreasing overall time and cost spent in clinical development and increasing the overall positive outcomes in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland.,Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Omid Motabar
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Marc Ferrer
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Juan J Marugan
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Wei Zheng
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth A Ottinger
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
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47
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Intracerebroventricular delivery of self-complementary adeno-associated virus serotype 9 to the adult rat brain. Gene Ther 2016; 23:401-7. [DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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48
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Tylki-Szymańska A, Jurecka A. Prospective therapies for mucopolysaccharidoses. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2015. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2015.1089167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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49
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Zschocke J. Erbliche Stoffwechselkrankheiten – eine Übersicht. MED GENET-BERLIN 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11825-015-0062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Klinisches Bild, Diagnose und Therapie der erblichen Stoffwechselkrankheiten lassen sich am besten aus den spezifischen betroffenen Stoffwechselwegen ableiten, welche durch die einzelne, meist enzymatische Störung betroffen sind. Dabei lassen sich die Störungen des Intermediärstoffwechsels, welche den Stoffwechsel der Aminosäuren, Kohlenhydrate und Fettsäuren sowie den mitochondrialen Energiestoffwechsel betreffen, von anderen Stoffwechselstörungen abgrenzen. Die Intermediärstoffwechselstörungen zeigen meist eine Manifestation erst nach der Geburt, nicht selten akute Stoffwechselentgleisungen, und können oft durch metabolische Interventionen behandelt werden. Sie werden durch die üblichen klinisch-chemischen Basisuntersuchungen und einige selektive Screeninganalysen erfasst, die allgemein unter dem Begriff „Stoffwechseldiagnostik“ subsumiert werden. Die anderen Stoffwechselkrankheiten verursachen sehr unterschiedliche, oft für den betroffenen Stoffwechselweg typische klinische Symptome und können vielfach durch Screeningtests nachgewiesen werden, die spezifisch angefordert werden müssen. Die verschiedenen Krankheitsgruppen mit den wichtigsten einzelnen Störungen werden in dem vorliegenden Artikel zusammenfassend dargestellt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Zschocke
- Aff1 grid.5361.1 0000000088532677 Sektion für Humangenetik Medizinische Universität Innsbruck Peter-Mayr-Str. 1 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
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50
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Social and cultural issues in genetic counselling. J Biosci 2015; 40:217-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-015-9528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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