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Jain SM, Nagainallur Ravichandran S, Murali Kumar M, Banerjee A, Sun-Zhang A, Zhang H, Pathak R, Sun XF, Pathak S. Understanding the molecular mechanism responsible for developing therapeutic radiation-induced radioresistance of rectal cancer and improving the clinical outcomes of radiotherapy - A review. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2317999. [PMID: 38445632 PMCID: PMC10936619 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2317999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Rectal cancer accounts for the second highest cancer-related mortality, which is predominant in Western civilizations. The treatment for rectal cancers includes surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Radiotherapy, specifically external beam radiation therapy, is the most common way to treat rectal cancer because radiation not only limits cancer progression but also significantly reduces the risk of local recurrence. However, therapeutic radiation-induced radioresistance to rectal cancer cells and toxicity to normal tissues are major drawbacks. Therefore, understanding the mechanistic basis of developing radioresistance during and after radiation therapy would provide crucial insight to improve clinical outcomes of radiation therapy for rectal cancer patients. Studies by various groups have shown that radiotherapy-mediated changes in the tumor microenvironment play a crucial role in developing radioresistance. Therapeutic radiation-induced hypoxia and functional alterations in the stromal cells, specifically tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), play a crucial role in developing radioresistance. In addition, signaling pathways, such as - the PI3K/AKT pathway, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and the hippo pathway, modulate the radiation responsiveness of cancer cells. Different radiosensitizers, such as small molecules, microRNA, nanomaterials, and natural and chemical sensitizers, are being used to increase the effectiveness of radiotherapy. This review highlights the mechanism responsible for developing radioresistance of rectal cancer following radiotherapy and potential strategies to enhance the effectiveness of radiotherapy for better management of rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samatha M Jain
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chennai, India
| | - Shruthi Nagainallur Ravichandran
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chennai, India
| | - Makalakshmi Murali Kumar
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chennai, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chennai, India
| | - Alexander Sun-Zhang
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Orebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Rupak Pathak
- Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Xiao-Feng Sun
- Department of Oncology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chennai, India
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Isermann T, Schneider KL, Wegwitz F, De Oliveira T, Conradi LC, Volk V, Feuerhake F, Papke B, Stintzing S, Mundt B, Kühnel F, Moll UM, Schulz-Heddergott R. Enhancement of colorectal cancer therapy through interruption of the HSF1-HSP90 axis by p53 activation or cell cycle inhibition. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.22.581507. [PMID: 38464125 PMCID: PMC10925225 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.22.581507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The stress-associated molecular chaperone system is an actionable target in cancer therapies. It is ubiquitously upregulated in cancer tissues and enables tumorigenicity by stabilizing hundreds of oncoproteins and disturbing the stoichiometry of protein complexes. Most inhibitors target the key component heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90). However, although classical HSP90 inhibitors are highly tumor-selective, they fail in phase 3 clinical oncology trials. These failures are at least partly due to an interference with a negative feedback loop by HSP90 inhibition, known as heat-shock response (HSR): in response to HSP90 inhibition there is compensatory synthesis of stress-inducible chaperones, mediated by the transcription factor heat-shock factor 1 (HSF1). We recently identified that wildtype p53 (p53) actively reduces the HSR by repressing HSF1 via a p21-CDK4/6-MAPK-HSF1 axis. Here we test the hypothesis that in HSP90-based therapies simultaneous p53 activation or direct cell cycle inhibition interrupts the deleterious HSF1-HSR axis and improves the efficiency of HSP90 inhibitors. Indeed, we find that the clinically relevant p53 activator Idasanutlin suppresses the HSF1-HSR activity in HSP90 inhibitor-based therapies. This combination synergistically reduces cell viability and accelerates cell death in p53-proficient colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, murine tumor-derived organoids and patient-derived organoids (PDOs). Mechanistically, upon combination therapy human CRC cells strongly upregulate p53-associated pathways, apoptosis, and inflammatory immune pathways. Likewise, in the chemical AOM/DSS CRC model in mice, dual HSF1-HSP90 inhibition strongly represses tumor growth and remodels immune cell composition, yet displays only minor toxicities in mice and normal mucosa-derived organoids. Importantly, inhibition of the cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) under HSP90 inhibition phenocopies synergistic repression of the HSR in p53-proficient CRC cells. Even more important, in p53-deficient (mutp53-harboring) CRC cells, an HSP90 inhibition in combination with CDK4/6 inhibitors similarly suppresses the HSF1-HSR system and reduces cancer growth. Likewise, p53-mutated PDOs strongly respond to dual HSF1-HSP90 pathway inhibition and thus, providing a strategy to target CRC independent of the p53 status. In sum, activating p53 (in p53-proficient cancer cells) or inhibiting CDK4/6 (independent of the p53 status) provide new options to improve the clinical outcome of HSP90-based therapies and to enhance colorectal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Isermann
- Department of Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Systems Biology, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK); Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kim Lucia Schneider
- Department of Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Florian Wegwitz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tiago De Oliveira
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lena-Christin Conradi
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Valery Volk
- Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Björn Papke
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Systems Biology, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK); Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina Mundt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Kühnel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ute M. Moll
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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Beilankouhi EAV, Sajadi MA, Alipourfard I, Hassani P, Valilo M, Safaralizadeh R. Role of the ER-induced UPR pathway, apoptosis, and autophagy in colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154706. [PMID: 37499516 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
When large amounts of misfolded or unfolded proteins accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in response to stress, a process called unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated. The disruption of this process leads to many diseases including diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and many cancers. In the process of UPR in response to stress and unfolded proteins, specific signaling pathways are induced in the endoplasmic reticulum and subsequently transmitted to the nucleus and cytoplasm, causing homeostasis and restoring the cell's normal condition with reducing protein translation and synthesis. The UPR response followed by stress enhancement balances cell survival with death, therefore in this condition cells decide either to survive or have the path of apoptosis ahead. However, in some cases, this balance is disturbed and the UPR pathway is chronically activated or not activated and the cell conditions lead to cancer. This study aimed to briefly investigate the association between ER stress, UPR, apoptosis, and autophagy in colorectal cancer (CRC). Moreover, in current study, we will try to demonstrate canonical ways and methods for the treatment of CRC cells with attenuated ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Iraj Alipourfard
- Insttue of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Peyman Hassani
- DVM Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Valilo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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Role of Ganetespib, an HSP90 Inhibitor, in Cancer Therapy: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Practice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24055014. [PMID: 36902446 PMCID: PMC10002602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock proteins are upregulated in cancer and protect several client proteins from degradation. Therefore, they contribute to tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis by reducing apoptosis and enhancing cell survival and proliferation. These client proteins include the estrogen receptor (ER), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), and cytokine receptors. The diminution of the degradation of these client proteins activates different signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB, Raf/MEK/ERK, and JAK/STAT3 pathways. These pathways contribute to hallmarks of cancer, such as self-sufficiency in growth signaling, an insensitivity to anti-growth signals, the evasion of apoptosis, persistent angiogenesis, tissue invasion and metastasis, and an unbounded capacity for replication. However, the inhibition of HSP90 activity by ganetespib is believed to be a promising strategy in the treatment of cancer because of its low adverse effects compared to other HSP90 inhibitors. Ganetespib is a potential cancer therapy that has shown promise in preclinical tests against various cancers, including lung cancer, prostate cancer, and leukemia. It has also shown strong activity toward breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, gastric cancer, and acute myeloid leukemia. Ganetespib has been found to cause apoptosis and growth arrest in these cancer cells, and it is being tested in phase II clinical trials as a first-line therapy for metastatic breast cancer. In this review, we will highlight the mechanism of action of ganetespib and its role in treating cancer based on recent studies.
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Fodor D, Pozsgai É, Schally AV, László Z, Gömöri É, Szabó É, Rumi L, Lőcsei D, Boronkai Á, Bellyei S. Expression Levels of GHRH-Receptor, pAkt and Hsp90 Predict 10-Year Overall Survival in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030719. [PMID: 36979698 PMCID: PMC10045547 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Rectal cancer constitutes nearly one-third of all colorectal cancer diagnoses, and certain clinical and molecular markers have been studied as potential prognosticators of patient survival. The main objective of our study was to investigate the relationship between the expression intensities of certain proteins, including growth-hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRH-R), Hsp90, Hsp16.2, p-Akt and SOUL, in specimens of locally advanced rectal cancer patients, as well as the time to metastasis and 10-year overall survival (OS) rates. We also investigated whether these outcome measures were associated with the presence of other clinical parameters. Methods: In total, 109 patients were investigated retrospectively. Samples of pretreatment tumors were stained for the proteins GHRH-R, Hsp90, Hsp16.2, p-Akt and SOUL using immunhistochemistry methods. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to show the relationships between the intensity of expression of biomarkers, clinical parameters, the time to metastasis and the 10-year OS rate. Results: High levels of p-Akt, GHRH-R and Hsp90 were associated with a significantly decreased 10-year OS rate (p = 0.001, p = 0.000, p = 0.004, respectively) and high expression levels of p-Akt and GHRH-R were correlated with a significantly shorter time to metastasis. Tumors localized in the lower third of the rectum were linked to both a significantly longer time to metastasis and an improved 10-year OS rate. Conclusions: Hsp 90, pAkt and GHRH-R as well as the lower-third localization of the tumor were predictive of the 10-year OS rate in locally advanced rectal cancer patients. The GHRH-R and Hsp90 expression levels were independent prognosticators of OS. Our results imply that GHRH-R could play a particularly important role both as a molecular biomarker and as a target for the anticancer treatment of advanced rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Fodor
- Department of Oncotherapy, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Édesanyák Street 10, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Pozsgai
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Street 12, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Primary Health Care, Medical School, University of Pécs, Rákóczi Street 2, 7623 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andrew V. Schally
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center and South Florida Veterans Affairs Foundation for Research and Education, 201 NW 16th Street, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Zoltán László
- Diagnostic, Radiation Oncology, Research and Teaching Center, Kaposi Somogy County Teaching Hospital Dr. József Baka, Guba Sándor Street 40, 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Éva Gömöri
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Street 12, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Szabó
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Munkácsy Mihaly Street 2, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Rumi
- Urology Clinic, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Munkácsy Mihaly Street 2, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Lőcsei
- Department of Oncotherapy, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Édesanyák Street 10, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Árpád Boronkai
- Department of Oncotherapy, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Édesanyák Street 10, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Bellyei
- Department of Oncotherapy, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Édesanyák Street 10, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-30-396-0464
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Mohajershojai T, Jha P, Boström A, Frejd FY, Yazaki PJ, Nestor M. In Vitro Characterization of 177Lu-DOTA-M5A Anti-Carcinoembryonic Antigen Humanized Antibody and HSP90 Inhibition for Potentiated Radioimmunotherapy of Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:849338. [PMID: 35433442 PMCID: PMC9010075 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.849338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is an antigen that is highly expressed in colorectal cancers and widely used as a tumor marker. 131I and 90Y-radiolabeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have previously been assessed for radioimmunotherapy in early clinical trials with promising results. Moreover, the heat shock protein 90 inhibitor onalespib has previously demonstrated radiotherapy potentiation effects in vivo. In the present study, a 177Lu-radiolabeled anti-CEA hT84.66-M5A mAb (M5A) conjugate was developed and the potential therapeutic effects of 177Lu-DOTA-M5A and/or onalespib were investigated. The 177Lu radiolabeling of M5A was first optimized and characterized. Binding specificity and affinity of the conjugate were then evaluated in a panel of gastrointestinal cancer cell lines. The effects on spheroid growth and cell viability, as well as molecular effects from treatments, were then assessed in several three-dimensional (3D) multicellular colorectal cancer spheroid models. Stable and reproducible radiolabeling was obtained, with labeling yields above 92%, and stability was retained at least 48 h post-radiolabeling. Antigen-specific binding of the radiolabeled conjugate was demonstrated on all CEA-positive cell lines. Dose-dependent therapeutic effects of both 177Lu-DOTA-M5A and onalespib were demonstrated in the spheroid models. Moreover, effects were potentiated in several dose combinations, where spheroid sizes and viabilities were significantly decreased compared to the corresponding monotherapies. For example, the combination treatment with 350 nM onalespib and 20 kBq 177Lu-DOTA-M5A resulted in 2.5 and 2.3 times smaller spheroids at the experimental endpoint than the corresponding monotreatments in the SNU1544 spheroid model. Synergistic effects were demonstrated in several of the more effective combinations. Molecular assessments validated the therapy results and displayed increased apoptosis in several combination treatments. In conclusion, the combination therapy of anti-CEA 177Lu-DOTA-M5A and onalespib showed enhanced therapeutic effects over the individual monotherapies for the potential treatment of colorectal cancer. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are warranted to confirm the current study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Preeti Jha
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Fredrik Y Frejd
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paul J Yazaki
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Marika Nestor
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Deycmar S, Mara E, Kerschbaum-Gruber S, Waller V, Georg D, Pruschy M. Ganetespib selectively sensitizes cancer cells for proximal and distal spread-out Bragg peak proton irradiation. Radiat Oncol 2022; 17:72. [PMID: 35410422 PMCID: PMC8996402 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-022-02036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Hypersensitivity towards proton versus photon irradiation was demonstrated in homologous recombination repair (HRR)-deficient cell lines. Hence, combined treatment concepts targeting HRR provide a rational for potential pharmaceutical exploitation. The HSP90 inhibitor ganetespib (STA-9090) downregulates a multitude of HRR-associated proteins and sensitizes for certain chemotherapeutics. Thus, the radiosensitizing effect of HSP90-inhibiting ganetespib was investigated for reference photon irradiation and proton irradiation at a proximal and distal position in a spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP). Methods A549 and FaDu cells were treated with low-dose (2 nM resp. 1 nM) ganetespib and irradiated with 200 kV photons. Proton irradiation was performed at a proximal and a distal position within a SOBP, with corresponding dose-averaged linear-energy transfer (LETD) values of 2.1 and 4.5 keV/µm, respectively. Cellular survival data was fitted to the linear-quadratic model to calculate relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and the dose-modifying factor (DMF). Additionally, A549 cells were treated with increasing doses of ganetespib and investigated by flow cytometry, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence microscopy to investigate cell cycle distribution, Rad51 protein levels, and γH2AX foci, respectively. Results Low-dosed ganetespib significantly sensitized both cancer cell lines exclusively for proton irradiation at both investigated LETD, resulting in increased RBE values of 10–40%. In comparison to photon irradiation, the fraction of cells in S/G2/M phase was elevated in response to proton irradiation with 10 nM ganetespib consistently reducing this population. No changes in cell cycle distribution were detected in unirradiated cells by ganetespib alone. Protein levels of Rad51 are downregulated in irradiated A549 cells by 10 nM and also 2 nM ganetespib within 24 h. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated similar induction and removal of γH2AX foci, irrespective of irradiation type or ganetespib administration. Conclusion Our findings illustrate a proton-specific sensitizing effect of low-dosed ganetespib in both employed cell lines and at both investigated SOBP positions. We provide additional experimental data on cellular response and a rational for future combinatorial approaches with proton radiotherapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13014-022-02036-z.
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Song Q, Wen J, Li W, Xue J, Zhang Y, Liu H, Han J, Ning T, Lu Z. HSP90 promotes radioresistance of cervical cancer cells via reducing FBXO6 mediated CD147 polyubiquitination. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:1463-1474. [PMID: 35043518 PMCID: PMC8990293 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
HSP90 inhibition might be a promising strategy to overcome the radioresistance of some cancers. In the current study, we further explored the mechanisms of HSP90 in regulating the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells. Bioinformatic analysis was performed based on data from TCGA‐CESC. Cellular and molecular studies were conducted using CaSki and SiHa and the derived radioresistant (RR) subclones. Through a proteomics screen, we identified HSP90 chaperones (both HSP90α and HSP90β) as CD147‐binding partners supporting its stabilization. Targeting HSP90 sensitized CaSki‐RR and SiHa‐RR cancer cells to irradiation partially through CD147 destabilization. Mechanistically, HSP90 interacts with FBXO6 and reduces FBXO6‐mediated proteasomal degradation of CD147. Enforced FBXO6 overexpression also sensitized CaSki‐RR and SiHa‐RR cancer cells to irradiation. These effects were enhanced using 17‐AAG treatment but were weakened by CD147 overexpression. Survival analysis further confirmed the association between high FBXO6 expression and favorable progression‐free survival among patients with cervical cancer. In conclusion, this study showed that HSP90 promotes radioresistance of cervical cancer cells partially via reducing FBXO6 mediated CD147 polyubiquitination. These findings help to explain why HSP90 inhibitor exerts radio‐sensitizing effects in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Song
- Senior Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Juyi Wen
- Senior Department of Oncology the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Weiping Li
- Senior Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Janxin Xue
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- Senior Department of Oncology the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Senior Department of Oncology the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Jixia Han
- Senior Department of Oncology the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Tao Ning
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Zejun Lu
- Senior Department of Oncology the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital Beijing China
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Liu Q, Tu G, Hu Y, Jiang Q, Liu J, Lin S, Yu Z, Li G, Wu X, Tang Y, Huang X, Xu J, Liu Y, Wu L. Discovery of BP3 as an efficacious proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrader of HSP90 for treating breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 228:114013. [PMID: 34864330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is involved in the stabilization and activation of oncoproteins, rendering it essential for oncogenic transformation. However, the HSP90 inhibitors evaluated to date have not led to the expected effects in cancer therapy. Herein, we systematically described the design, synthesis, and evaluation of HSP90 degraders based upon the proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) strategy. The results showed that the candidate compound 16b (BP3) potently degraded HSP90 and effectively inhibited the growth of human breast cancer cells. When used as a single agent, BP3 led to effective tumor suppression in mice. These findings demonstrate that our HSP90-targeting PROTAC strategy has potential novel applications in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanyu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Guihui Tu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Department of Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Qingna Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Shanshan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Zelei Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Ge Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Xinhua Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Yuanling Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Xiuwang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Department of Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Department of Pharmacochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Lixian Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China.
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Mathien S, Tesnière C, Meloche S. Regulation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Its Pharmacological Potential. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:263-296. [PMID: 34732541 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways that play essential roles in transducing extracellular environmental signals into diverse cellular responses to maintain homeostasis. These pathways are classically organized into an architecture of three sequentially acting protein kinases: a MAPK kinase kinase that phosphorylates and activates a MAPK kinase, which in turn phosphorylates and activates the effector MAPK. The activity of MAPKs is tightly regulated by phosphorylation of their activation loop, which can be modulated by positive and negative feedback mechanisms to control the amplitude and duration of the signal. The signaling outcomes of MAPK pathways are further regulated by interactions of MAPKs with scaffolding and regulatory proteins. Accumulating evidence indicates that, in addition to these mechanisms, MAPK signaling is commonly regulated by ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)-mediated control of the stability and abundance of MAPK pathway components. Notably, the biologic activity of some MAPKs appears to be regulated mainly at the level of protein turnover. Recent studies have started to explore the potential of targeted protein degradation as a powerful strategy to investigate the biologic functions of individual MAPK pathway components and as a new therapeutic approach to overcome resistance to current small-molecule kinase inhibitors. Here, we comprehensively review the mechanisms, physiologic importance, and pharmacological potential of UPS-mediated protein degradation in the control of MAPK signaling. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Accumulating evidence highlights the importance of targeted protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system in regulating and fine-tuning the signaling output of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Manipulating protein levels of MAPK cascade components may provide a novel approach for the development of selective pharmacological tools and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Mathien
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (S.Ma., C.T., S.Me.); and Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine (C.T., S.Me.) and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology (S.Me.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chloé Tesnière
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (S.Ma., C.T., S.Me.); and Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine (C.T., S.Me.) and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology (S.Me.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Meloche
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (S.Ma., C.T., S.Me.); and Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine (C.T., S.Me.) and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology (S.Me.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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11
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Zhao S, Zhou L, Dicker DT, Lev A, Zhang S, Ross E, El-Deiry WS. Anti-cancer efficacy including Rb-deficient tumors and VHL-independent HIF1α proteasomal destabilization by dual targeting of CDK1 or CDK4/6 and HSP90. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20871. [PMID: 34686682 PMCID: PMC8536770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A prevalent characteristic of solid tumors is intra-tumoral hypoxia. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) predominantly mediates the adaptive response to O2 oscillation and is linked to multiple malignant hallmarks. Here we describe a strategy to robustly target HIF1α by dual inhibition of CDK(s) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). We show that CDK1 may contribute to HSP90-mediated HIF1α stabilization. CDK1 knockdown enhances the decrease of HIF1α by HSP90 inhibition. Dual inhibition of CDK1 and HSP90 significantly increases apoptosis and synergistically inhibits cancer cell viability. Similarly, targeting CDK4/6 using FDA-approved inhibitors in combination with HSP90 inhibition shows a class effect on HIF1α inhibition and cancer cell viability suppression not only in colorectal but also in various other cancer types, including Rb-deficient cancer cells. Dual inhibition of CDK4/6 and HSP90 suppresses tumor growth in vivo. In summary, combined targeting of CDK(s) (CDK1 or CDK4/6) and HSP90 remarkably inhibits the expression level of HIF1α and shows promising anti-cancer efficacy with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lanlan Zhou
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA.,Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - David T Dicker
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Avital Lev
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shengliang Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA.,Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Eric Ross
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. .,Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. .,Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA. .,Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. .,Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Hematology/Oncology Division, Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA.
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12
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Azwar S, Seow HF, Abdullah M, Faisal Jabar M, Mohtarrudin N. Recent Updates on Mechanisms of Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil and Reversal Strategies in Colon Cancer Treatment. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:854. [PMID: 34571731 PMCID: PMC8466833 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) plus leucovorin (LV) remain as the mainstay standard adjuvant chemotherapy treatment for early stage colon cancer, and the preferred first-line option for metastatic colon cancer patients in combination with oxaliplatin in FOLFOX, or irinotecan in FOLFIRI regimens. Despite treatment success to a certain extent, the incidence of chemotherapy failure attributed to chemotherapy resistance is still reported in many patients. This resistance, which can be defined by tumor tolerance against chemotherapy, either intrinsic or acquired, is primarily driven by the dysregulation of various components in distinct pathways. In recent years, it has been established that the incidence of 5-FU resistance, akin to multidrug resistance, can be attributed to the alterations in drug transport, evasion of apoptosis, changes in the cell cycle and DNA-damage repair machinery, regulation of autophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell involvement, tumor microenvironment interactions, miRNA dysregulations, epigenetic alterations, as well as redox imbalances. Certain resistance mechanisms that are 5-FU-specific have also been ascertained to include the upregulation of thymidylate synthase, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, and the downregulation of thymidine phosphorylase. Indeed, the successful modulation of these mechanisms have been the game plan of numerous studies that had employed small molecule inhibitors, plant-based small molecules, and non-coding RNA regulators to effectively reverse 5-FU resistance in colon cancer cells. It is hoped that these studies would provide fundamental knowledge to further our understanding prior developing novel drugs in the near future that would synergistically work with 5-FU to potentiate its antitumor effects and improve the patient's overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamin Azwar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.); (H.F.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Heng Fong Seow
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.); (H.F.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Maha Abdullah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.); (H.F.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohd Faisal Jabar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Norhafizah Mohtarrudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.); (H.F.S.); (M.A.)
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13
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Yang S, Xiao H, Cao L. Recent advances in heat shock proteins in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, metabolism and treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112074. [PMID: 34426258 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a group of proteins, also known as molecular chaperones, which participate in protein folding and maturation in response to stresses or high temperature. According to their molecular weights, mammalian HSPs are classified into HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, and large HSPs. Previous studies have revealed that HSPs play important roles in oncogenesis and malignant progression because they can modulate all six hallmark traits of cancer. Because of this, HSPs have been propelled into the spotlight as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, as well as an exciting anticancer drug target. However, the relationship between the expression level of HSPs and their activity and cancer diagnosis, prognosis, metabolism and treatment is not clear and has not been completely established. Herein, this review summarizes and discusses recent advances and perspectives in major HSPs as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, as regulators for cancer metabolism or as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy, which may provide new directions to improve the accuracy of cancer diagnosis and develop more effective and safer anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Cao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China.
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14
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Wang Y, Chen Q, Wu D, Chen Q, Gong G, He L, Wu X. Lamin-A interacting protein Hsp90 is required for DNA damage repair and chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:786. [PMID: 34381017 PMCID: PMC8358027 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most malignant gynecologic cancer. Previous studies found that lamin-A was associated with DNA damage repair proteins but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We speculate that this may be related to its interacting proteins, such as Hsp90. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Hsp90 on DNA damage repair and chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells. In our research, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to identify proteins interacting with lamin-A and the interaction domain. Next, the relationship between lamin-A and Hsp90 was explored by Western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence staining. Then, effect of Hsp90 inhibition on DNA damage repair was assessed through detecting Rad50 and Ku80 by WB. Furthermore, to test the roles of 17-AAG on cell chemosensitivity, CCK-8 and colony formation assay were carried out. Meanwhile, IC50 of cells were calculated, followed by immunofluorescence to detect DNA damage. At last, the mouse xenograft model was used in determining the capacity of 17-AAG and DDP to suppress tumor growth and metastatic potential. The results showed that lamin-A could interact with Hsp90 via the domain of lamin-A1-430. Besides, the distribution of Hsp90 could be affected by lamin-A. After lamin-A knockdown, Hsp90 decreased in the cytoplasm and increased in the nucleus, suggesting that the interaction between lamin-A and Hsp90 may be related to the nucleocytoplasmic transport of Hsp90. Moreover, inhibition of Hsp90 led to an obvious decrease in the expression of DSBs (DNA double-strand break) repair proteins, as well as cell proliferation ability upon DDP treatment and IC50 of DDP, causing more serious DNA damage. In addition, the combination of 17-AAG and DDP restrained the growth of ovarian cancer efficiently in vivo and prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Quan Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Qifeng Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Gong
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Liuqing He
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China.
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15
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Liu H, Lu Z, Shi X, Liu L, Zhang P, Golemis EA, Tu Z. HSP90 inhibition downregulates DNA replication and repair genes via E2F1 repression. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100996. [PMID: 34302809 PMCID: PMC8363837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an especially aggressive and highly heterogeneous mature B-cell lymphoma. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is considered an attractive therapeutic target in a variety of cancers, including MCL, but no HSP90 inhibitors have succeeded in the clinical trials to date. Exploring fine mechanisms of HSP90 inhibition in cancer cells may shed light on novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we found that HSP90 knockdown and continuous inhibition with ganetespib inhibited growth of MCL cells in vitro and in vivo. To our surprise, transient exposure over 12 h was almost as efficient as continuous exposure, and treatment with ganetespib for 12 h efficiently inhibited growth and induced G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of MCL cells. Transcriptome analysis complemented by functional studies was performed to define critical MCL signaling pathways that are exceptionally sensitive to HSP90 inhibition and vital to cell fate. Six genes (cell division cycle 6, cell division cycle 45, minichromosome maintenance 4, minichromosome maintenance 7, RecQ-mediated genome instability 2, and DNA primase polypeptide 1) involved in DNA replication and repair were identified as consistently downregulated in three MCL cell lines after transient ganetespib treatment. E2F1, an important transcription factor essential for cell cycle progression, was identified as a ganetespib target mediating transcriptional downregulation of these six genes, and its stability was also demonstrated to be maintained by HSP90. This study identifies E2F1 as a novel client protein of HSP90 that is very sensitive and worthy of targeting and also finds that HSP90 inhibitors may be useful in combination therapies for MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziwen Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lanlan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peishan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Erica A Golemis
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Zhigang Tu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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16
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Song D, Guo M, Xu S, Song X, Bai B, Li Z, Chen J, An Y, Nie Y, Wu K, Wang S, Zhao Q. HSP90-dependent PUS7 overexpression facilitates the metastasis of colorectal cancer cells by regulating LASP1 abundance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:170. [PMID: 33990203 PMCID: PMC8120699 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01951-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudouridine synthase (PUS) 7 is a member of the PUS family that catalyses pseudouridine formation. It has been shown to be involved in intellectual development and haematological malignancies. Nevertheless, the role and the underlying molecular mechanisms of PUS7 in solid tumours, such as colorectal cancer (CRC), remain unexplored. This study elucidated, for the first time, the role of PUS7 in CRC cell metastasis and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS We conducted immunohistochemistry, qPCR, and western blotting to quantify the expression of PUS7 in CRC tissues as well as cell lines. Besides, diverse in vivo and in vitro functional tests were employed to establish the function of PUS7 in CRC. RNA-seq and proteome profiling analysis were also applied to identify the targets of PUS7. PUS7-interacting proteins were further uncovered using immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. RESULTS Overexpression of PUS7 was observed in CRC tissues and was linked to advanced clinical stages and shorter overall survival. PUS7 silencing effectively repressed CRC cell metastasis, while its upregulation promoted metastasis, independently of the PUS7 catalytic activity. LASP1 was identified as a downstream effector of PUS7. Forced LASP1 expression abolished the metastasis suppression triggered by PUS7 silencing. Furthermore, HSP90 was identified as a client protein of PUS7, associated with the increased PUS7 abundance in CRC. NMS-E973, a specific HSP90 inhibitor, also showed higher anti-metastatic activity when combined with PUS7 repression. Importantly, in line with these results, in human CRC tissues, the expression of PUS7 was positively linked to the expression of HSP90 and LASP1, and patients co-expressing HSP90/PUS7/LASP1 showed a worse prognosis. CONCLUSIONS The HSP90-dependent PUS7 upregulation promotes CRC cell metastasis via the regulation of LASP1. Thus, targeting the HSP90/PUS7/LASP1 axis may be a novel approach for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Song
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaotian Song
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bin Bai
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhengyan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Minimally Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, No. 30 Gao Tan Yan Road, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yanxin An
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Medical University, No. 48 Fenghao West Road, Lianhu District, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heat shock proteins (HSPs) constitute a large family of proteins involved in protein folding and maturation. HSP expression is induced by heat shock or other stressors including cellular damage and hypoxia. The major groups, which are classified based on their molecular weight, include HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, and large HSP (HSP110 and glucose-regulated protein 170). HSPs play a significant role in cellular proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. The human HSP90 family consists of five members and has a strong association with cancer. OBJECTIVES The primary objective is to review the important functions of heat shock protein 90 in cancer, especially as an anti-cancer drug target. RESULTS The HSP90 proteins not only play important roles in cancer development, progression, and metastasis, but also have potential clinical use as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis or assessing disease progression, and as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. In this chapter, we discuss the roles of HSP90 in cancer biology and pharmacology, focusing on HSP90 as an anti-cancer drug target. An understanding of the functions and molecular mechanisms of HSP90 is critical for enhancing the accuracy of cancer diagnosis as well as for developing more effective and less toxic chemotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSION We have provided an overview of the complex relationship between cancer and HSP90. HSP90 proteins play an important role in tumorigenesis and may be used as potential clinical biomarkers for the diagnosis and predicting prognostic outcome of patients with cancer. HSP90 proteins may be used as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy, prompting discovery and development of novel chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Aswad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV, United States
| | - Tuoen Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV, United States.
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18
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Naz S, Banerjee T, Totsingan F, Woody K, Gross RA, Santra S. Therapeutic Efficacy of Lactonic Sophorolipids: Nanoceria-Assisted Combination Therapy of NSCLC using HDAC and Hsp90 Inhibitors. Nanotheranostics 2021; 5:391-404. [PMID: 33912379 PMCID: PMC8077971 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.57675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) has gained resistance to common chemo- and radiotherapy due to the oncogenic K-RAS mutations. In this work, lactonic sophorolipids (LSL), a constituent of natural sophorolipids known to inhibit histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, is used to evaluate its potential anticancer property for the treatment of NSCLC. In addition, ganetespib (GT), a Hsp90 inhibitor, is used for its known antitumor activity in several K-RAS mutant NSCLC cells. We propose, a functional anti-oxidant nanomedicine composed of nanoceria (NC) encapsulated with two-drug cocktail LSL and GT for the assessment of therapeutic efficacy of LSL and targeted combination therapy of NSCLC. NC is an excellent redox platform specifically used to supplement the therapeutic potency of these drugs to target both HDAC inhibition and Hsp90 signaling pathways in NSCLC. Methods: Polyacrylic acid-coated nanoceria (PNC) was formulated and folic acid was conjugated on the surface of PNC using "click" chemistry to target NSCLC and to minimize adverse side effects. Solvent diffusion method was used for the encapsulation of individual drugs and co-encapsulation of drug-cocktail along with an optical dye DiI for diagnosis. We hypothesized that the therapeutic efficacy of LSL will be synergistically accelerated by the inhibition of Hsp90 mechanism of GT and redox activity of NC. Results: For the targeted therapy of NSCLC, A549 cells were used and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were used as healthy control cells. Results showed more than 40% cells were dead within 24 h when treated with LSL nanodrug. When combined with GT, enhanced ROS signals were detected and more than 80% reduction in cell viability was recorded within 24 h of incubation. Treatments with NC without any drug showed minimal toxicity. Migration assays indicate that the highly metastatic nature of NSCLC is successfully restricted by this combination approach. To validate the effectiveness of this combination therapy various cell-based assays including detection of apoptosis, necrosis and HDAC inhibition of LSL were performed. Conclusion: Functional nanoceria with drug-cocktail LSL and GT is successfully developed for the targeted treatment of undruggable NSCLC. The fluorescence modality helps monitoring the drugs delivery. Results demonstrate the potential therapeutic efficacy of LSL, which is synergistically accelerated by the Hsp90 inhibition mechanism of GT and redox activity of NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguftha Naz
- Department of Chemistry, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, Kansas 66762, United States
| | - Tuhina Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, Kansas 66762, United States
| | - Filbert Totsingan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Kalee Woody
- Department of Chemistry, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, Kansas 66762, United States
| | - Richard A. Gross
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Santimukul Santra
- Department of Chemistry, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, Kansas 66762, United States
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19
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Naz S, Leiker AJ, Choudhuri R, Preston O, Sowers AL, Gohain S, Gamson J, Mathias A, Van Waes C, Cook JA, Mitchell JB. Pharmacological Inhibition of HSP90 Radiosensitizes Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Xenograft by Inhibition of DNA Damage Repair, Nucleotide Metabolism, and Radiation-Induced Tumor Vasculogenesis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 110:1295-1305. [PMID: 33838214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent preclinical studies suggest combining the HSP90 inhibitor AT13387 (Onalespib) with radiation (IR) against colon cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). These studies emphasized that AT13387 downregulates HSP90 client proteins involved in oncogenic signaling and DNA repair mechanisms as major drivers of enhanced radiosensitivity. Given the large array of client proteins HSP90 directs, we hypothesized that other key proteins or signaling pathways may be inhibited by AT13387 and contribute to enhanced radiosensitivity. Metabolomic analysis of HSP90 inhibition by AT13387 was conducted to identify metabolic biomarkers of radiosensitization and whether modulations of key proteins were involved in IR-induced tumor vasculogenesis, a process involved in tumor recurrence. METHODS AND MATERIALS HNSCC and non-small cell lung cancer cell lines were used to evaluate the AT13387 radiosensitization effect in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and immunoblot analysis were used to evaluate cell cycle changes and HSP90 client protein's role in DNA damage repair. Metabolic analysis was performed using liquid chromatography-Mass spectrometry. Immunohistochemical examination of resected tumors post-AT13387 and IR treatment were conducted to identify biomarkers of IR-induced tumor vasculogenesis. RESULTS In agreement with recent studies, AT13387 treatment combined with IR resulted in a G2/M cell cycle arrest and inhibited DNA repair. Metabolomic profiling indicated a decrease in key metabolites in glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle by AT13387, a reduction in Adenosine 5'-triphosphate levels, and rate-limiting metabolites in nucleotide metabolism, namely phosphoribosyl diphosphate and aspartate. HNSCC xenografts treated with the combination exhibited increased tumor regrowth delay, decreased tumor infiltration of CD45 and CD11b+ bone marrow-derived cells, and inhibition of HIF-1 and SDF-1 expression, thereby inhibiting IR-induced vasculogenesis. CONCLUSIONS AT13387 treatment resulted in pharmacologic inhibition of cancer cell metabolism that was linked to DNA damage repair. AT13387 combined with IR inhibited IR-induced vasculogenesis, a process involved in tumor recurrence postradiotherapy. Combining AT13387 with IR warrants consideration of clinical trial assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwat Naz
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrew J Leiker
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Missouri Cancer Associates, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Rajani Choudhuri
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Olivia Preston
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anastasia L Sowers
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sangeeta Gohain
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Janet Gamson
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Askale Mathias
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carter Van Waes
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - John A Cook
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James B Mitchell
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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20
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Chen XL, Liu P, Zhu WL, Lou LG. DCZ5248, a novel dual inhibitor of Hsp90 and autophagy, exerts antitumor activity against colon cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:132-141. [PMID: 32404982 PMCID: PMC7921121 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hsp90 is a potential therapeutic target for tumor, as it maintains the stability of a variety of proteins related to tumor development and progression. Autophagy is a self-degradation process to maintain cellular homeostasis and autophagy inhibitors can suppress tumor growth. In this study, we identified DCZ5248, a triazine derivative, was a dual inhibitor of both Hsp90 and late-autophagy with potent antitumor activity against colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We showed that DCZ5248 (0.1-10 μM) induced dose-dependent degradation of Hsp90 client proteins (AKT, CDK4, CDK6 and RAF-1) in HCT 116 colon cancer cells through a proteasome-dependent pathway. Meanwhile, DCZ5248 (0.3 μM) induced cytoplasmic vacuole formation, LC3 II conversion, p62 protein upregulation, and inhibited autophagy at the late stage in the colon cancer cell lines tested. We further revealed that the inhibition of autophagy was achieved by impairing lysosomal functions through induction of lysosomal acidification and attenuation of lysosomal cathepsin activity. The modulation of autophagy by DCZ5248 was independent of Hsp90 inhibition as the autophagy inhibition was not blocked by Hsp90 knockdown. Importantly, inhibition of both Hsp90 function and autophagy by DCZ5248 induced G1-phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and exerted potent antitumor activity against colon cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. These findings demonstrate that DCZ5248 is a novel dual inhibitor of Hsp90 and autophagy with potential for colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ling Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei-Liang Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li-Guang Lou
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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21
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Morita K, Nishimura Y, Nakamura S, Arai Y, Numako C, Sato K, Nakayama M, Akasaka H, Sasaki R, Ogino C, Kondo A. Titanium oxide nano-radiosensitizers for hydrogen peroxide delivery into cancer cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 198:111451. [PMID: 33223346 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyacrylic acid-modified titanium peroxide nanoparticles (PAA-TiOx NPs) are promising radiosensitizers that enhance the therapeutic effect of X-ray irradiation after local injection into tumors. However, the mechanism for this reaction has remained unclear with the exception of the involvement of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is released by PAA-TiOx NPs to a liquid phase during dispersion. In the present study, a clonogenic assay was used to compare PAA-TiOx NPs with free H2O2 molecules to investigate the effect exerted on the radiosensitivity of cancer cells in vitro. A cell-free dialysis method revealed that a portion of the H2O2 adsorbed onto the PAA-TiOx NPs during synthesis could be released during a treatment regimen. The H2O2 release lasted for 7 h, which was sufficient for one radiation treatment procedure. For in vitro experiments, cultured human pancreatic cancer cells took up PAA-TiOx NPs in 10 min after administration. Interestingly, when the cells were washed with a buffer after treatment with either a PAA-TiOx NP or H2O2 solution, the intracellular H2O2 levels remained higher with PAA-TiOx NP treatment compared with the H2O2 solution treatment. Furthermore, the effects of subsequent X-ray irradiation corresponded to the intracellular H2O2 levels. These results indicate that PAA-TiOx NPs are efficient carriers of H2O2 into cancer cells and thus enhance the radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Morita
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Research Facility Center for Science and Technology, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yuya Nishimura
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Satoko Nakamura
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Arai
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Chiya Numako
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Sato
- Division of Environmental Engineering Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjincho, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Masao Nakayama
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunokicho 7-5-2, Chuou-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Akasaka
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunokicho 7-5-2, Chuou-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ryohei Sasaki
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunokicho 7-5-2, Chuou-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Chiaki Ogino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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22
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McNabb E, Al-Mahrouki A, Law N, McKay S, Tarapacki C, Hussein F, Czarnota GJ. Ultrasound-stimulated microbubble radiation enhancement of tumors: Single-dose and fractionated treatment evaluation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239456. [PMID: 32976517 PMCID: PMC7518623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of ultrasound-stimulated microbubble therapy has successfully been used to target tumor vasculature and enhance the effects of radiation therapy in tumor xenografts in mice. Here, we further investigate this treatment using larger, more clinically relevant tumor models. New Zealand white rabbits bearing prostate tumor (PC3) xenografts received a single treatment of either ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles (USMB), ionizing radiation (XRT; 8Gy), or a combination of both treatments (USMB+XRT). Treatment outcome was evaluated 24 hours after treatment using histopathology, immunolabeling, 3D Doppler ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging. A second cohort of rabbits received multiple treatments over a period of three weeks, where USMB treatments were delivered twice weekly with daily XRT treatments to deliver a fractionated 2Gy dose five days per week. A significant decrease in vascular function, observed through immunolabeling of vascular endothelial cells, was observed in tumors receiving the combined treatment (USMB+XRT) compared to control and single treatment groups. This was associated with an increase in cell death as observed through in situ end labeling (ISEL), a decrease in vascular index measured by Power Doppler imaging, and a decrease in oxygen saturation. In rabbits undergoing the long-term fractionated combined treatment, a significant growth delay was observed after 1 week and a significant reduction in tumor size was observed after 3 weeks with combined therapy. Results demonstrated an enhancement of radiation effect and superior anti-tumor effect of the combination of USMB+XRT compared to the single treatments alone. Tumor growth was maximally inhibited with fractionated radiotherapy combined with the ultrasound-stimulated microbubble-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan McNabb
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Azza Al-Mahrouki
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Niki Law
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott McKay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Farah Hussein
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory J. Czarnota
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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23
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Ernst A, Hennel R, Krombach J, Kapfhammer H, Brix N, Zuchtriegel G, Uhl B, Reichel CA, Frey B, Gaipl US, Winssinger N, Shirasawa S, Sasazuki T, Sperandio M, Belka C, Lauber K. Priming of Anti-tumor Immune Mechanisms by Radiotherapy Is Augmented by Inhibition of Heat Shock Protein 90. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1668. [PMID: 32984042 PMCID: PMC7481363 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an essential part of multi-modal cancer therapy. Nevertheless, for certain cancer entities such as colorectal cancer (CRC) the indications of radiotherapy are limited due to anatomical peculiarities and high radiosensitivity of the surrounding normal tissue. The development of molecularly targeted, combined modality approaches may help to overcome these limitations. Preferably, such strategies should not only enhance radiation-induced tumor cell killing and the abrogation of tumor cell clonogenicity, but should also support the stimulation of anti-tumor immune mechanisms – a phenomenon which moved into the center of interest of preclinical and clinical research in radiation oncology within the last decade. The present study focuses on inhibition of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) whose combination with radiotherapy has previously been reported to exhibit convincing therapeutic synergism in different preclinical cancer models. By employing in vitro and in vivo analyses, we examined if this therapeutic synergism also applies to the priming of anti-tumor immune mechanisms in model systems of CRC. Our results indicate that the combination of HSP90 inhibitor treatment and ionizing irradiation induced apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells with accelerated transit into secondary necrosis in a hyperactive Kras-dependent manner. During secondary necrosis, dying cancer cells released different classes of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that stimulated migration and recruitment of monocytic cells in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, these dying cancer cell-derived DAMPs enforced the differentiation of a monocyte-derived antigen presenting cell (APC) phenotype which potently triggered the priming of allogeneic T cell responses in vitro. In summary, HSP90 inhibition – apart from its radiosensitizing potential – obviously enables and supports the initial steps of anti-tumor immune priming upon radiotherapy and thus represents a promising partner for combined modality approaches. The therapeutic performance of such strategies requires further in-depth analyses, especially for but not only limited to CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Ernst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roman Hennel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Krombach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heidi Kapfhammer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikko Brix
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Zuchtriegel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Uhl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph A Reichel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Udo S Gaipl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Winssinger
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Senji Shirasawa
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Markus Sperandio
- Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Belka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Heidelberg, Germany
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24
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Zhang Y, Ni L, Li Q, Li M, Zhu J, Zhang F, Gu K. Diagnostic, clinicopathologic, therapeutic and prognostic value of Plasma Heat Shock Protein 90 levels in patients with advanced Gastrointestinal Carcinoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:5890-5899. [PMID: 32922531 PMCID: PMC7477406 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a critical molecular chaperone for protein folding, intracellular disposition and regulation of tumor biological behavior in the extracellular space. HSP90 has received much attention due to its specific effect in gastrointestinal cancer. This clinical study sought to determine whether HSP90 in plasma may serve as a biomarker in patients with advanced gastrointestinal carcinoma. Methods: Using human plasma samples of advanced gastrointestinal carcinoma, we investigated the specific value of HSP90 in gastrointestinal cancer from a clinical perspective. Results: In summary, plasma levels of HSP90 were shown to be higher in patients with gastric cancer (GC) or colorectal cancer (CRC) than in controls with benign gastrointestinal diseases. In both GC and CRC patients, HSP90 was significantly associated with live metastasis. Higher HSP90 levels were more frequent in CRC patients with hazardous or harmful alcohol consumption habits. Patients with RAS mutations had higher HSP90 levels in CRC. Compared with Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) and Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), HSP90 benefited patients by enhancing diagnostic sensitivity and the Youden index. The levels of HSP90 were inversely associated with short-term efficacy in GC patients who had received fluorouracil/platinum-based advanced first-line treatment. When first-line therapy failed, plasma HSP90 levels in patients with GC were significantly increased. In terms of progression-free survival (PFS), patients with GC or CRC who had low levels of HSP90 were not significantly different from those with high levels of HSP90. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that HSP90 was not an independent prognostic predictor for GC and CRC patients with PFS. However, RAS mutation was an independent prognostic factor for poor PFS in CRC patients. Conclusions: Plasma HSP90 levels have potential diagnostic value in advanced gastrointestinal carcinoma and therapeutic predictive value in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, P. R. China
| | - Longgang Ni
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, P. R. China.,Department of Oncology, Dongfang Cancer Hospital, Huainan, Anhui, 232000, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Medical Psychology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, P. R. China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, P. R. China
| | - Jiejie Zhu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, P. R. China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, P. R. China
| | - Kangsheng Gu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, P. R. China
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25
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Sanchez-Martin C, Serapian SA, Colombo G, Rasola A. Dynamically Shaping Chaperones. Allosteric Modulators of HSP90 Family as Regulatory Tools of Cell Metabolism in Neoplastic Progression. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1177. [PMID: 32766157 PMCID: PMC7378685 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperones have recently emerged as fundamental regulators of salient biological routines, including metabolic adaptations to environmental changes. Yet, many of the molecular mechanisms at the basis of their functions are still unknown or at least uncertain. This is in part due to the lack of chemical tools that can interact with the chaperones to induce measurable functional perturbations. In this context, the use of small molecules as modulators of protein functions has proven relevant for the investigation of a number of biomolecular systems. Herein, we focus on the functions, interactions and signaling pathways of the HSP90 family of molecular chaperones as possible targets for the discovery of new molecular entities aimed at tuning their activity and interactions. HSP90 and its mitochondrial paralog, TRAP1, regulate the activity of crucial metabolic circuitries, making cells capable of efficiently using available energy sources, with relevant implications both in healthy conditions and in a variety of disease states and especially cancer. The design of small-molecules targeting the chaperone cycle of HSP90 and able to inhibit or stimulate the activity of the protein can provide opportunities to finely dissect their biochemical activities and to obtain lead compounds to develop novel, mechanism-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giorgio Colombo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Rasola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
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26
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Combination of Anti-Cancer Drugs with Molecular Chaperone Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215284. [PMID: 31652993 PMCID: PMC6862641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Most molecular chaperones belonging to heat shock protein (HSP) families are known to protect cancer cells from pathologic, environmental and pharmacological stress factors and thereby can hamper anti-cancer therapies. In this review, we present data on inhibitors of the heat shock response (particularly mediated by the chaperones HSP90, HSP70, and HSP27) either as a single treatment or in combination with currently available anti-cancer therapeutic approaches. An overview of the current literature reveals that the co-administration of chaperone inhibitors and targeting drugs results in proteotoxic stress and violates the tumor cell physiology. An optimal drug combination should simultaneously target cytoprotective mechanisms and trigger the imbalance of the tumor cell physiology.
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27
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George TJ, Franke AJ, Chakravarthy AB, Das P, Dasari A, El-Rayes BF, Hong TS, Kinsella TJ, Landry JC, Lee JJ, Monjazeb AM, Jacobs SA, Raben D, Rahma OE, Williams TM, Wu C, Coleman CN, Vikram B, Ahmed MM. National Cancer Institute (NCI) state of the science: Targeted radiosensitizers in colorectal cancer. Cancer 2019; 125:2732-2746. [PMID: 31017664 PMCID: PMC6663584 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a major public health problem as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Of an estimated 140,000 newly diagnosed CRC cases in 2018, roughly one-third of these patients will have a primary tumor located in the distal large bowel or rectum. The current standard-of-care approach includes curative-intent surgery, often after preoperative (neoadjuvant) radiotherapy (RT), to increase rates of tumor down-staging, clinical and pathologic response, as well as improving surgical resection quality. However, despite advancements in surgical techniques, as well as sharpened precision of dosimetry offered by contemporary RT delivery platforms, the oncology community continues to face challenges related to disease relapse. Ongoing investigations are aimed at testing novel radiosensitizing agents and treatments that might exploit the systemic antitumor effects of RT using immunotherapies. If successful, these treatments may usher in a new curative paradigm for rectal cancers, such that surgical interventions may be avoided. Importantly, this disease offers an opportunity to correlate matched paired biopsies, radiographic response, and molecular mechanisms of treatment sensitivity and resistance with clinical outcomes. Herein, the authors highlight the available evidence from preclinical models and early-phase studies, with an emphasis on promising developmental therapeutics undergoing prospective validation in larger scale clinical trials. This review by the National Cancer Institute's Radiation Research Program Colorectal Cancer Working Group provides an updated, comprehensive examination of the continuously evolving state of the science regarding radiosensitizer drug development in the curative treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J George
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Aaron J Franke
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - A Bapsi Chakravarthy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Prajnan Das
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Arvind Dasari
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bassel F El-Rayes
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Theodore S Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy J Kinsella
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rhode Island Hospital-Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jerome C Landry
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - James J Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Arta M Monjazeb
- Division of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, California
| | - Samuel A Jacobs
- National Adjuvant Surgical and Bowel Project Foundation/NRG Oncology, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania
| | - David Raben
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Osama E Rahma
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Terence M Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christina Wu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - C Norman Coleman
- Clinical Radiation Oncology Branch, Radiation Research Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bhadrasain Vikram
- Clinical Radiation Oncology Branch, Radiation Research Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mansoor M Ahmed
- Clinical Radiation Oncology Branch, Radiation Research Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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28
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Dagar M, Singh JP, Dagar G, Tyagi RK, Bagchi G. Phosphorylation of HSP90 by protein kinase A is essential for the nuclear translocation of androgen receptor. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:8699-8710. [PMID: 30992362 PMCID: PMC6552429 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is often activated in prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen-ablative therapy because of the activation of cellular pathways that stimulate the AR despite low androgen levels. In many of these tumors, the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) pathway is activated. Previous studies have shown that PKA can synergize with low levels of androgen to enhance androgen signaling and consequent cell proliferation, leading to castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, the mechanism by which PKA causes AR stimulation in the presence of low/no androgen is not established yet. Here, using immunofluorescence immunoblotting assays, co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA-mediated gene silencing, and reporter gene assays, we demonstrate that PKA activation is necessary for the phosphorylation of heat shock protein (HSP90) that binds to unliganded AR in the cytoplasm, restricting its entry into the nucleus. We also found that PKA-mediated phosphorylation of the Thr89 residue in HSP90 releases AR from HSP90, enabling AR binding to HSP27 and its migration into the nucleus. Substitution of the Thr89 in HSP90 prevented its phosphorylation by PKA and significantly reduced AR transactivation and cellular proliferation. We further observed that the transcription of AR target genes, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), is also lowered in the HSP90 Thr89 variant. These results suggest that using a small-molecule inhibitor against the HSP90 Thr89 residue in conjunction with existing androgen-ablative therapy may be more effective than androgen-ablative therapy alone in the treatment of prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Dagar
- From the Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon 122413, India and
| | - Julie Pratibha Singh
- From the Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon 122413, India and
| | - Gunjan Dagar
- From the Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon 122413, India and
| | - Rakesh K Tyagi
- the Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Gargi Bagchi
- From the Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon 122413, India and
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29
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Hofving T, Sandblom V, Arvidsson Y, Shubbar E, Altiparmak G, Swanpalmer J, Almobarak B, Elf AK, Johanson V, Elias E, Kristiansson E, Forssell-Aronsson E, Nilsson O. 177Lu-octreotate therapy for neuroendocrine tumours is enhanced by Hsp90 inhibition. Endocr Relat Cancer 2019; 26:437-449. [PMID: 30730850 PMCID: PMC6391910 DOI: 10.1530/erc-18-0509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
177Lu-octreotate is an FDA-approved radionuclide therapy for patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) expressing somatostatin receptors. The 177Lu-octreotate therapy has shown promising results in clinical trials by prolonging progression-free survival, but complete responses are still uncommon. The aim of this study was to improve the 177Lu-octreotate therapy by means of combination therapy. To identify radiosensitising inhibitors, two cell lines, GOT1 and P-STS, derived from small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours (SINETs), were screened with 1,224 inhibitors alone or in combination with external radiation. The screening revealed that inhibitors of Hsp90 can potentiate the tumour cell-killing effect of radiation in a synergistic fashion (GOT1; false discovery rate <3.2×10-11). The potential for Hsp90 inhibitor ganetespib to enhance the anti-tumour effect of 177Lu-octreotate in an in vivo setting was studied in the somatostatin receptor-expressing GOT1 xenograft model. The combination led to a larger decrease in tumour volume relative to monotherapies and the tumour-reducing effect was shown to be synergistic. Using patient-derived tumour cells from eight metastatic SINETs, we could show that ganetespib enhanced the effect of 177Lu-octreotate therapy for all investigated patient tumours. Levels of Hsp90 protein expression were evaluated in 767 SINETs from 379 patients. We found that Hsp90 expression was upregulated in tumour cells relative to tumour stroma in the vast majority of SINETs. We conclude that Hsp90 inhibitors enhance the tumour-killing effect of 177Lu-octreotate therapy synergistically in SINET tumour models and suggest that this potentially promising combination should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Hofving
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence should be addressed to T Hofving:
| | - Viktor Sandblom
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Arvidsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emman Shubbar
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gülay Altiparmak
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John Swanpalmer
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bilal Almobarak
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Elf
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Viktor Johanson
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Elias
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Kristiansson
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Nilsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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30
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Gabbasov R, Benrubi ID, O’Brien SW, Krais JJ, Johnson N, Litwin S, Connolly DC. Targeted blockade of HSP90 impairs DNA-damage response proteins and increases the sensitivity of ovarian carcinoma cells to PARP inhibition. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 20:1035-1045. [PMID: 30929564 PMCID: PMC6606007 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1595279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological inhibition of PARP is a promising approach in treating high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are most active in patients with defects in DNA damage repair (DDR) mechanisms, such as alterations in expression/function of DNA repair and homologous recombination (HR) genes/proteins, including BRCA1 and BRCA2. Benefit of PARPi could be extended towards HR-proficient patients by combining PARPi with agents that functionally abrogate HR. An attractive molecular target for this purpose is heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), which mediates the maturation and stability of several key proteins required for DDR. Here, we tested the hypothesis that targeted inhibition of HSP90 with a small-molecule inhibitor ganetespib would sensitize non-BRCA mutant ovarian carcinoma (OC) cells to PARP inhibition by talazoparib. We used commercially available cell lines, along with several novel HGSOC OC cell lines established in our laboratory. Ganetespib treatment destabilized HSP90 client proteins involved in DNA damage response and cell cycle checkpoint, and disrupted γ-irradiation-induced DNA repair. The effects of the combination of ganetespib and talazoparib on OC cell viability and survival were also analyzed, and among the non-BRCA mutant cell lines analyzed, the combination was synergistic in several cell lines (OVCAR-3, OC-1, OC-16). Together, our data suggest that ganetespib-mediated inhibition of HSP90 effectively disrupts critical DDR pathway proteins and may sensitize OC cells without 'BRCAness' to PARPi. From a clinical perspective, this suggests that HSP90 inhibition has the potential to sensitize some HGSOC patients without HR pathway alterations to PARPi, and potentially other DNA-damage inducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Gabbasov
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - I. Daniel Benrubi
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shane W. O’Brien
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John J. Krais
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Neil Johnson
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Samuel Litwin
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Denise C. Connolly
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA,CONTACT Denise C. Connolly Molecular Therapeutics Program, 333 Cottman Ave., W310, Philadelphia, PA 19111
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31
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Nagaraju GP, Zakka KM, Landry JC, Shaib WL, Lesinski GB, El-Rayes BF. Inhibition of HSP90 overcomes resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in pancreatic cancer. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:1529-1537. [PMID: 30801702 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) to radiotherapy and chemotherapy represents a significant clinical issue. Although the mechanisms of resistance are multi-faceted, client proteins of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) such as hypoxia induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) have a central role in this process. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate inhibition of HSP90 as a therapeutic strategy for radiosensitization in pancreatic cancer. Ganetespib, a selective inhibitor of HSP90, was evaluated as a radio-sensitizer in setting of PDAC. Inhibition of HSP90 by ganetespib potentiated the ability of radiation therapy to limit cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro. HIF-1α expression was upregulated by irradiation and HIF-1α-overexpressing stable cell lines were resistant to radiation. Inhibition of HSP90 with ganetespib reversed the effects of HIF-1α overexpression, by reducing signaling via proliferative, angiogenic and anti-apoptotic pathways. The potentiation of the antitumor effects of chemoradiotherapy by ganetespib and modulation of key pathways (e.g. HIF-1α, STAT3, and AKT) was confirmed in vivo in nude mice bearing HPAC xenograft tumors. These novel data highlight HIF-1α-mediated mechanisms of HSP90 inhibition that sensitize PDAC cells to chemoradiotherapy. This pathway and its pleiotropic effects warrant further evaluation in concert with conventional therapy in pancreatic cancer clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katerina M Zakka
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jerome C Landry
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Walid L Shaib
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Gregory B Lesinski
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Bassel F El-Rayes
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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32
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Kryeziu K, Bruun J, Guren TK, Sveen A, Lothe RA. Combination therapies with HSP90 inhibitors against colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1871:240-247. [PMID: 30708039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oncogene stability and homeostasis mediated by the HSP90 chaperone is a crucial protection trait of cancer cells. Therefore, HSP90 represents an attractive therapeutic target for many cancers, including colorectal cancer. Although monotherapy has limited clinical efficacy, preclinical and early-phase clinical studies indicate improved antitumor activity when HSP90 inhibitors are combined with chemotherapies or targeted agents. This may be further improved with a biomarker-guided approach based on oncogenic HSP90 clients, or stratification based on the consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer, suggesting a synergistic activity with 5-fluorouracil in preclinical models of the chemorefractory mesenchymal subtype. Furthermore, HSP90 inhibition may activate mechanisms to turn non-immunogenic tumors hot and improve their recognition by the immune system, suggesting synergy with immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushtrim Kryeziu
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division for Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jarle Bruun
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division for Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Tormod K Guren
- K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division for Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anita Sveen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division for Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild A Lothe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division for Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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33
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Kang J, Young Lee J, Taş İ, More KN, Kim H, Park JH, Chang DJ. Radiosynthesis, biological evaluation and preliminary microPET study of 18F-labeled 5-resorcinolic triazolone derivative based on ganetespib targeting HSP90. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3658-3664. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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34
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Wen P, Xia J, Cao X, Chen B, Tao Y, Wu L, Xu A, Zhao G. dbCRSR: a manually curated database for regulation of cancer radiosensitivity. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2018; 2018:5025485. [PMID: 29860480 PMCID: PMC6007213 DOI: 10.1093/database/bay049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is used to treat approximately 50% of all cancer patients, with varying prognoses. Intrinsic radiosensitivity is an important factor underlying the radiotherapeutic efficacy of this precise treatment. During the past decades, great efforts have been made to improve radiotherapy treatment through multiple strategies. However, invaluable data remains buried in the extensive radiotherapy literature, making it difficult to obtain an overall view of the detailed mechanisms leading to radiosensitivity, thus limiting advances in radiotherapy. To address this issue, we collected data from the relevant literature contained in the PubMed database and developed a literature-based database that we term the cancer radiosensitivity regulation factors database (dbCRSR). dbCRSR is a manually curated catalogue of radiosensitivity, containing multiple radiosensitivity regulation factors (395 coding genes, 119 non-coding RNAs and 306 chemical compounds) with appropriate annotation. To illustrate the value of the data we collected, data mining was performed including functional annotation and network analysis. In summary, dbCRSR is the first literature-based database to focus on radiosensitivity and provides a resource to better understand the detailed mechanisms of radiosensitivity. We anticipate dbCRSR will be a useful resource to enrich our knowledge and to promote further study of radiosensitivity. Database URL: http://bioinfo.ahu.edu.cn:8080/dbCRSR/
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Wen
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Xia
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianbin Cao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinping Tao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - An Xu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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35
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di Martino S, Amoreo CA, Nuvoli B, Galati R, Strano S, Facciolo F, Alessandrini G, Pass HI, Ciliberto G, Blandino G, De Maria R, Cioce M. HSP90 inhibition alters the chemotherapy-driven rearrangement of the oncogenic secretome. Oncogene 2018; 37:1369-1385. [PMID: 29311642 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive resistance to therapy is a hallmark of cancer progression. To date, it is not entirely clear how microenvironmental stimuli would mediate emergence of therapy-resistant cell subpopulations, although a rearrangement of the cancer cell secretome following therapy-induced stress can be pivotal for such a process. Here, by using the highly chemoresistant malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) as an experimental model, we unveiled a key contribution of the chaperone HSP90 at assisting a chemotherapy-instigated Senescence-Associated-Secretory-Phenotype (SASP). Thus, administration of a clinical trial grade, HSP90, inhibitor blunted the release of several cytokines by the chemotherapy-treated MPM cells, including interleukin (IL)-8. Reduction of IL-8 levels hampered the FAK-AKT signaling and inhibited 3D growth and migration. This correlated with downregulation of key EMT and chemoresistance genes and affected the survival of chemoresistant ALDHbright cell subpopulations. Altogether, inhibition of HSP90 provoked a switch from a pro-tumorigenic SASP to a pro-apoptotic senescence status, thus resulting in chemosensitizing effects. In mouse xenografts treated with first-line agents, inhibiting HSP90 blunted FAK activation and reduced the expression of ALDH1A3 and the levels of circulating human IL-8, these latter strongly correlating with the effect on tumor growth. We validated the above findings in primary mesothelioma cultures, a more clinically relevant model. We unveiled here a key contribution of the chaperone HSP90 at assisting the secretory stress in chemotherapy-treated cells, which may warrant further investigation in combinatorial therapeutic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona di Martino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Nuvoli
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Galati
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Harvey I Pass
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Scientific Direction, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy. .,Current address: Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University and Gemelli Polyclinic, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mario Cioce
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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36
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Kinzel L, Ernst A, Orth M, Albrecht V, Hennel R, Brix N, Frey B, Gaipl US, Zuchtriegel G, Reichel CA, Blutke A, Schilling D, Multhoff G, Li M, Niyazi M, Friedl AA, Winssinger N, Belka C, Lauber K. A novel HSP90 inhibitor with reduced hepatotoxicity synergizes with radiotherapy to induce apoptosis, abrogate clonogenic survival, and improve tumor control in models of colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:43199-43219. [PMID: 27259245 PMCID: PMC5190018 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The chaperone heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) crucially supports the maturation, folding, and stability of a variety of client proteins which are of pivotal importance for the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. Consequently, targeting of HSP90 has emerged as an attractive strategy of anti-cancer therapy, and it appears to be particularly effective in the context of molecular sensitization towards radiotherapy as has been proven in preclinical models of different cancer entities. However, so far the clinical translation has largely been hampered by suboptimal pharmacological properties and serious hepatotoxicity of first- and second-generation HSP90 inhibitors. Here, we report on NW457, a novel radicicol-derived member of the pochoxime family with reduced hepatotoxicity, how it inhibits the DNA damage response and how it synergizes with ionizing irradiation to induce apoptosis, abrogate clonogenic survival, and improve tumor control in models of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Kinzel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Ernst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Orth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Valerie Albrecht
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roman Hennel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikko Brix
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Udo S Gaipl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Zuchtriegel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, and Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph A Reichel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, and Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Blutke
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology at the Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Schilling
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Minglun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Niyazi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna A Friedl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolas Winssinger
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claus Belka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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37
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Sveen A, Bruun J, Eide PW, Eilertsen IA, Ramirez L, Murumägi A, Arjama M, Danielsen SA, Kryeziu K, Elez E, Tabernero J, Guinney J, Palmer HG, Nesbakken A, Kallioniemi O, Dienstmann R, Lothe RA. Colorectal Cancer Consensus Molecular Subtypes Translated to Preclinical Models Uncover Potentially Targetable Cancer Cell Dependencies. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:794-806. [PMID: 29242316 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Response to standard oncologic treatment is limited in colorectal cancer. The gene expression-based consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) provide a new paradigm for stratified treatment and drug repurposing; however, drug discovery is currently limited by the lack of translation of CMS to preclinical models.Experimental Design: We analyzed CMS in primary colorectal cancers, cell lines, and patient-derived xenografts (PDX). For classification of preclinical models, we developed an optimized classifier enriched for cancer cell-intrinsic gene expression signals, and performed high-throughput in vitro drug screening (n = 459 drugs) to analyze subtype-specific drug sensitivities.Results: The distinct molecular and clinicopathologic characteristics of each CMS group were validated in a single-hospital series of 409 primary colorectal cancers. The new, cancer cell-adapted classifier was found to perform well in primary tumors, and applied to a panel of 148 cell lines and 32 PDXs, these colorectal cancer models were shown to recapitulate the biology of the CMS groups. Drug screening of 33 cell lines demonstrated subtype-dependent response profiles, confirming strong response to EGFR and HER2 inhibitors in the CMS2 epithelial/canonical group, and revealing strong sensitivity to HSP90 inhibitors in cells with the CMS1 microsatellite instability/immune and CMS4 mesenchymal phenotypes. This association was validated in vitro in additional CMS-predicted cell lines. Combination treatment with 5-fluorouracil and luminespib showed potential to alleviate chemoresistance in a CMS4 PDX model, an effect not seen in a chemosensitive CMS2 PDX model.Conclusions: We provide translation of CMS classification to preclinical models and uncover a potential for targeted treatment repurposing in the chemoresistant CMS4 group. Clin Cancer Res; 24(4); 794-806. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Sveen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jarle Bruun
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter W Eide
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ina A Eilertsen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lorena Ramirez
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Astrid Murumägi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mariliina Arjama
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stine A Danielsen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kushtrim Kryeziu
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elena Elez
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Justin Guinney
- SAGE Bionetworks, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Hector G Palmer
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arild Nesbakken
- K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olli Kallioniemi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rodrigo Dienstmann
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.,SAGE Bionetworks, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ragnhild A Lothe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Chettiar ST, Malek R, Annadanam A, Nugent KM, Kato Y, Wang H, Cades JA, Taparra K, Belcaid Z, Ballew M, Manmiller S, Proia D, Lim M, Anders RA, Herman JM, Tran PT. Ganetespib radiosensitization for liver cancer therapy. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 17:457-66. [PMID: 26980196 PMCID: PMC4910914 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2016.1156258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapies for liver cancer particularly those including radiation are still inadequate. Inhibiting the stress response machinery is an appealing anti-cancer and radiosensitizing therapeutic strategy. Heat-shock-protein-90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone that is a prominent effector of the stress response machinery and is overexpressed in liver cancer cells. HSP90 client proteins include critical components of pathways implicated in liver cancer cell survival and radioresistance. The effects of a novel non-geldanamycin HSP90 inhibitor, ganetespib, combined with radiation were examined on 3 liver cancer cell lines, Hep3b, HepG2 and HUH7, using in vitro assays for clonogenic survival, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, γH2AX foci kinetics and client protein expression in pathways important for liver cancer survival and radioresistance. We then evaluated tumor growth delay and effects of the combined ganetespib-radiation treatment on tumor cell proliferation in a HepG2 hind-flank tumor graft model. Nanomolar levels of ganetespib alone exhibited liver cancer cell anti-cancer activity in vitro as shown by decreased clonogenic survival that was associated with increased apoptotic cell death, prominent G2-M arrest and marked changes in PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAS/MAPK client protein activity. Ganetespib caused a supra-additive radiosensitization in all liver cancer cell lines at low nanomolar doses with enhancement ratios between 1.33–1.78. These results were confirmed in vivo, where the ganetespib-radiation combination therapy produced supra-additive tumor growth delay compared with either therapy by itself in HepG2 tumor grafts. Our data suggest that combined ganetespib-radiation therapy exhibits promising activity against liver cancer cells, which should be investigated in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivarajan T Chettiar
- a Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Reem Malek
- a Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Anvesh Annadanam
- a Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Katriana M Nugent
- a Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Yoshinori Kato
- b The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.,c Department of Oncology , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Hailun Wang
- a Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Jessica A Cades
- a Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Kekoa Taparra
- a Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.,d Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Zineb Belcaid
- e Department of Neurosurgery , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Matthew Ballew
- a Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Sarah Manmiller
- a Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - David Proia
- f Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp. , Lexington , MD , USA
| | - Michael Lim
- c Department of Oncology , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.,e Department of Neurosurgery , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Robert A Anders
- g Department of Pathology , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Joseph M Herman
- a Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.,c Department of Oncology , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Phuoc T Tran
- a Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.,c Department of Oncology , Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.,d Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.,h Department of Urology , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
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39
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Canella A, Welker AM, Yoo JY, Xu J, Abas FS, Kesanakurti D, Nagarajan P, Beattie CE, Sulman EP, Liu J, Gumin J, Lang FF, Gurcan MN, Kaur B, Sampath D, Puduvalli VK. Efficacy of Onalespib, a Long-Acting Second-Generation HSP90 Inhibitor, as a Single Agent and in Combination with Temozolomide against Malignant Gliomas. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6215-6226. [PMID: 28679777 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-3151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: HSP90, a highly conserved molecular chaperone that regulates the function of several oncogenic client proteins, is altered in glioblastoma. However, HSP90 inhibitors currently in clinical trials are short-acting, have unacceptable toxicities, or are unable to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We examined the efficacy of onalespib, a potent, long-acting novel HSP90 inhibitor as a single agent and in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) against gliomas in vitro and in vivoExperimental Design: The effect of onalespib on HSP90, its client proteins, and on the biology of glioma cell lines and patient-derived glioma-initiating cells (GSC) was determined. Brain and plasma pharmacokinetics of onalespib and its ability to inhibit HSP90 in vivo were assessed in non-tumor-bearing mice. Its efficacy as a single agent or in combination with TMZ was assessed in vitro and in vivo using zebrafish and patient-derived GSC xenograft mouse glioma models.Results: Onalespib-mediated HSP90 inhibition depleted several survival-promoting client proteins such as EGFR, EGFRvIII, and AKT, disrupted their downstream signaling, and decreased the proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and survival of glioma cell lines and GSCs. Onalespib effectively crossed the BBB to inhibit HSP90 in vivo and extended survival as a single agent in zebrafish xenografts and in combination with TMZ in both zebrafish and GSC mouse xenografts.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the long-acting effects of onalespib against gliomas in vitro and in vivo, which combined with its ability to cross the BBB support its development as a potential therapeutic agent in combination with TMZ against gliomas. Clin Cancer Res; 23(20); 6215-26. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Canella
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Alessandra M Welker
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ji Young Yoo
- Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jihong Xu
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Fazly S Abas
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Divya Kesanakurti
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Prabakaran Nagarajan
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christine E Beattie
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joy Gumin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Frederick F Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Metin N Gurcan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Balveen Kaur
- Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Deepa Sampath
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Vinay K Puduvalli
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio. .,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
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40
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Lee SL, Dempsey-Hibbert NC, Vimalachandran D, Wardle TD, Sutton PA, Williams JHH. Re-examining HSPC1 inhibitors. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:293-306. [PMID: 28255900 PMCID: PMC5352602 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0774-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HSPC1 is a critical protein in cancer development and progression, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, clinical trial data reporting the effectiveness of HSPC1 inhibitors on several cancer types has not been as successful as predicted. Furthermore, some N-terminal inhibitors appear to be much more successful than others despite similar underlying mechanisms. This study involved the application of three N-terminal HSPC1 inhibitors, 17-DMAG, NVP-AUY922 and NVP-HSP990 on CRC cells. The effects on client protein levels over time were examined. HSPC1 inhibitors were also applied in combination with chemotherapeutic agents commonly used in CRC treatment (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and irinotecan). As HSPA1A and HSPB1 have anti-apoptotic activity, gene-silencing techniques were employed to investigate the significance of these proteins in HSPC1 inhibitor and chemotherapeutic agent resistance. When comparing the action of the three HSPC1 inhibitors, there are distinct differences in the time course of important client protein degradation events. The differences between HSPC1 inhibitors were also reflected in combination treatment-17-DMAG was more effective compared with NVP-AUY922 in potentiating the cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and irinotecan. This study concludes that there are distinct differences between N-terminal HSPC1 inhibitors, despite their common mode of action. Although treatment with each of the inhibitors results in significant induction of the anti-apoptotic proteins HSPA1A and HSPB1, sensitivity to HSPC1 inhibitors is not improved by gene silencing of HSPA1A or HSPB1. HSPC1 inhibitors potentiate the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents in CRC, and this approach is readily available to enter clinical trials. From a translational point of view, there may be great variability in sensitivity to the inhibitors between individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheah Lin Lee
- Chester Centre for Stress Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Chester, Bache Hall, CH2 1BR, Chester, UK.
- University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, SO16 6YD, Southampton, UK.
| | - Nina Claire Dempsey-Hibbert
- Chester Centre for Stress Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Chester, Bache Hall, CH2 1BR, Chester, UK
- Centre for Biomedicine Research, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, M1 5GD, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Paul A Sutton
- Countess of Chester Hospital, Liverpool Rd, CH2 1UL, Chester, UK
| | - John H H Williams
- Chester Centre for Stress Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Chester, Bache Hall, CH2 1BR, Chester, UK
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41
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Wu J, Liu T, Rios Z, Mei Q, Lin X, Cao S. Heat Shock Proteins and Cancer. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 38:226-256. [PMID: 28012700 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 430] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) constitute a large family of proteins involved in protein folding and maturation whose expression is induced by heat shock or other stressors. The major groups are classified based on their molecular weights and include HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, and large HSPs. HSPs play a significant role in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and carcinogenesis. In this article we comprehensively review the roles of major HSPs in cancer biology and pharmacology. HSPs are thought to play significant roles in the molecular mechanisms leading to cancer development and metastasis. HSPs may also have potential clinical uses as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, for assessing disease progression, or as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Tuoen Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV 24901, USA.
| | - Zechary Rios
- University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Qibing Mei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Shousong Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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42
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Morita K, Miyazaki S, Numako C, Ikeno S, Sasaki R, Nishimura Y, Ogino C, Kondo A. Characterization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles modified with polyacrylic acid and H 2O 2 for use as a novel radiosensitizer. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:1319-1328. [PMID: 27778515 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1241879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An induction of polyacrylic acid-modified titanium dioxide with hydrogen peroxide nanoparticles (PAA-TiO2/H2O2 NPs) to a tumor exerted a therapeutic enhancement of X-ray irradiation in our previous study. To understand the mechanism of the radiosensitizing effect of PAA-TiO2/H2O2 NPs, analytical observations that included DLS, FE-SEM, FT-IR, XAFS, and Raman spectrometry were performed. In addition, highly reactive oxygen species (hROS) which PAA-TiO2/H2O2 NPs produced with X-ray irradiation were quantified by using a chemiluminescence method and a EPR spin-trapping method. We found that PAA-TiO2/H2O2 NPs have almost the same characteristics as PAA-TiO2. Surprisingly, there were no significant differences in hROS generation. However, the existence of H2O2 was confirmed in PAA-TiO2/H2O2 NPs, because spontaneous hROS production was observed w/o X-ray irradiation. In addition, PAA-TiO2/H2O2 NPs had a curious characteristic whereby they absorbed H2O2 molecules and released them gradually into a liquid phase. Based on these results, the H2O2 was continuously released from PAA-TiO2/H2O2 NPs, and then released H2O2 assumed to be functioned indirectly as a radiosensitizing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Morita
- a Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Nada-ku , Kobe , Japan
| | - Serika Miyazaki
- b Graduate School of Science , Chiba University , Inage , Chiba , Japan
| | - Chiya Numako
- b Graduate School of Science , Chiba University , Inage , Chiba , Japan
| | - Shinya Ikeno
- c Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering , Kyushu Institute of Technology , Wakamatsu-ku , Kitakyushu , Japan
| | - Ryohei Sasaki
- d Division of Radiation Oncology , Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Chuou-ku , Kobe , Japan
| | - Yuya Nishimura
- e Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University , Nada-ku , Kobe , Japan
| | - Chiaki Ogino
- a Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Nada-ku , Kobe , Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- a Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Nada-ku , Kobe , Japan.,e Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University , Nada-ku , Kobe , Japan
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43
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Chen L, Li J, Farah E, Sarkar S, Ahmad N, Gupta S, Larner J, Liu X. Cotargeting HSP90 and Its Client Proteins for Treatment of Prostate Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2107-18. [PMID: 27390342 PMCID: PMC5010925 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is the later stage of prostate cancer when the disease has stopped responding to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). It has been established that androgen receptor (AR) reactivation is responsible for the recurrence of prostate cancer after ADT. Thus, targeting different pathways that regulate AR stability and activity should be a promising strategy for treatment of CRPC. Heat shock proteins (HSP) are chaperones that modify stability and activity of their client proteins. HSP90, a major player in the HSP family, regulates stability of many proteins, including AR and Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), a critical regulator of many cell-cycle events. Further, HSP90 is overexpressed in different cancers, including prostate cancer. Herein, we show that cotreatment of prostate cancer with AR antagonist enzalutamide and HSP90 inhibitor leads to more severe cell death due to a synergistic reduction of AR protein. Interestingly, we show that overexpression of Plk1 rescued the synergistic effect and that cotargeting HSP90 and Plk1 also leads to more severe cell death. Mechanistically, we show that E3 ligase CHIP, in addition to targeting AR, is responsible for the degradation of Plk1 as well. These findings suggest that cotargeting HSP90 and some of its client proteins may be a useful strategy in treatment of CRPC. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(9); 2107-18. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Elia Farah
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Sukumar Sarkar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - James Larner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
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44
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Coveler AL, Richard P, Apisarnthanarax S, Chiorean EG. Is There a Best Radiosensitizing Agent in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer? CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11888-016-0324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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45
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Heat-Shock Protein 90–Targeted Nano Anticancer Therapy. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:1454-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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46
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Cellular Pathways in Response to Ionizing Radiation and Their Targetability for Tumor Radiosensitization. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010102. [PMID: 26784176 PMCID: PMC4730344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last few decades, improvements in the planning and application of radiotherapy in combination with surgery and chemotherapy resulted in increased survival rates of tumor patients. However, the success of radiotherapy is impaired by two reasons: firstly, the radioresistance of tumor cells and, secondly, the radiation-induced damage of normal tissue cells located in the field of ionizing radiation. These limitations demand the development of drugs for either radiosensitization of tumor cells or radioprotection of normal tissue cells. In order to identify potential targets, a detailed understanding of the cellular pathways involved in radiation response is an absolute requirement. This review describes the most important pathways of radioresponse and several key target proteins for radiosensitization.
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47
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Pennisi R, Ascenzi P, di Masi A. Hsp90: A New Player in DNA Repair? Biomolecules 2015; 5:2589-618. [PMID: 26501335 PMCID: PMC4693249 DOI: 10.3390/biom5042589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an evolutionary conserved molecular chaperone that, together with Hsp70 and co-chaperones makes up the Hsp90 chaperone machinery, stabilizing and activating more than 200 proteins, involved in protein homeostasis (i.e., proteostasis), transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, and DNA repair. Cells respond to DNA damage by activating complex DNA damage response (DDR) pathways that include: (i) cell cycle arrest; (ii) transcriptional and post-translational activation of a subset of genes, including those associated with DNA repair; and (iii) triggering of programmed cell death. The efficacy of the DDR pathways is influenced by the nuclear levels of DNA repair proteins, which are regulated by balancing between protein synthesis and degradation as well as by nuclear import and export. The inability to respond properly to either DNA damage or to DNA repair leads to genetic instability, which in turn may enhance the rate of cancer development. Multiple components of the DNA double strand breaks repair machinery, including BRCA1, BRCA2, CHK1, DNA-PKcs, FANCA, and the MRE11/RAD50/NBN complex, have been described to be client proteins of Hsp90, which acts as a regulator of the diverse DDR pathways. Inhibition of Hsp90 actions leads to the altered localization and stabilization of DDR proteins after DNA damage and may represent a cell-specific and tumor-selective radiosensibilizer. Here, the role of Hsp90-dependent molecular mechanisms involved in cancer onset and in the maintenance of the genome integrity is discussed and highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Pennisi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Roma I-00136, Italy.
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Roma I-00136, Italy.
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Integrative analysis of the microRNA-mRNA response to radiochemotherapy in primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:654. [PMID: 26328888 PMCID: PMC4557600 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a very heterogeneous disease resulting in huge differences in the treatment response. New individualized therapy strategies including molecular targeting might help to improve treatment success. In order to identify potential targets, we developed a HNSCC radiochemotherapy cell culture model of primary HNSCC cells derived from two different patients (HN1957 and HN2092) and applied an integrative microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA analysis in order to gain information on the biological networks and processes of the cellular therapy response. We further identified potential target genes of four therapy-responsive miRNAs detected previously in the circulation of HNSCC patients by pathway enrichment analysis. Results The two primary cell cultures differ in global copy number alterations and P53 mutational status, thus reflecting heterogeneity of HNSCC. However, they also share many copy number alterations and chromosomal rearrangements as well as deregulated therapy-responsive miRNAs and mRNAs. Accordingly, six common therapy-responsive pathways (direct P53 effectors, apoptotic execution phase, DNA damage/telomere stress induced senescence, cholesterol biosynthesis, unfolded protein response, dissolution of fibrin clot) were identified in both cell cultures based on deregulated mRNAs. However, inflammatory pathways represented an important part of the treatment response only in HN1957, pointing to differences in the treatment responses of the two primary cultures. Focused analysis of target genes of four therapy-responsive circulating miRNAs, identified in a previous study on HNSCC patients, revealed a major impact on the pathways direct P53 effectors, the E2F transcription factor network and pathways in cancer (mainly represented by the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway). Conclusions The integrative analysis combining miRNA expression, mRNA expression and the related cellular pathways revealed that the majority of radiochemotherapy-responsive pathways in primary HNSCC cells are related to cell cycle, proliferation, cell death and stress response (including inflammation). Despite the heterogeneity of HNSCC, the two primary cell cultures exhibited strong similarities in the treatment response. The findings of our study suggest potential therapeutic targets in the E2F transcription factor network and the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1865-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Gomez-Casal R, Bhattacharya C, Epperly MW, Basse PH, Wang H, Wang X, Proia DA, Greenberger JS, Socinski MA, Levina V. The HSP90 Inhibitor Ganetespib Radiosensitizes Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:876-907. [PMID: 26010604 PMCID: PMC4491689 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7020814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular chaperone HSP90 is involved in stabilization and function of multiple client proteins, many of which represent important oncogenic drivers in NSCLC. Utilization of HSP90 inhibitors as radiosensitizing agents is a promising approach. The antitumor activity of ganetespib, HSP90 inhibitor, was evaluated in human lung adenocarcinoma (AC) cells for its ability to potentiate the effects of IR treatment in both in vitro and in vivo. The cytotoxic effects of ganetespib included; G2/M cell cycle arrest, inhibition of DNA repair, apoptosis induction, and promotion of senescence. All of these antitumor effects were both concentration- and time-dependent. Both pretreatment and post-radiation treatment with ganetespib at low nanomolar concentrations induced radiosensitization in lung AC cells in vitro. Ganetespib may impart radiosensitization through multiple mechanisms: such as down regulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway; diminished DNA repair capacity and promotion of cellular senescence. In vivo, ganetespib reduced growth of T2821 tumor xenografts in mice and sensitized tumors to IR. Tumor irradiation led to dramatic upregulation of β-catenin expression in tumor tissues, an effect that was mitigated in T2821 xenografts when ganetespib was combined with IR treatments. These data highlight the promise of combining ganetespib with IR therapies in the treatment of AC lung tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gomez-Casal
- The University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Department of Medicine, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Chitralekha Bhattacharya
- The University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Department of Medicine, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Michael W Epperly
- The University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Per H Basse
- The University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Department of Immunology, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Hong Wang
- The University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - David A Proia
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., 45 Hartwell Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421, USA.
| | - Joel S Greenberger
- The University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Mark A Socinski
- The University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Department of Medicine, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Vera Levina
- The University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Department of Medicine, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Liu Y, Ye J, Shin Ogawa L, Inoue T, Huang Q, Chu J, Bates RC, Ying W, Sonderfan AJ, Rao PE, Zhou D. The HSP90 Inhibitor Ganetespib Alleviates Disease Progression and Augments Intermittent Cyclophosphamide Therapy in the MRL/lpr Mouse Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127361. [PMID: 25974040 PMCID: PMC4431681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex, systemic autoimmune disease with a diverse range of immunological and clinical manifestations. The introduction of broad spectrum immunosuppressive therapies and better management of acute disease exacerbations have improved outcomes for lupus patients over recent years. However, these regimens are burdened by substantial toxicities and confer significantly higher risks of infection, thus there remains a significant and unmet medical need for alternative treatment options, particularly those with improved safety profiles. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a ubiquitously expressed molecular chaperone that acts as an important modulator of multiple innate and adaptive inflammatory processes. Of note, accumulating clinical and experimental evidence has implicated a role for HSP90 in the pathogenesis of SLE. Here we evaluated the potential of HSP90 as a therapeutic target for this disease using the selective small molecule inhibitor ganetespib in the well-characterized MRL/lpr autoimmune mouse model. In both the prophylactic and therapeutic dosing settings, ganetespib treatment promoted dramatic symptomatic improvements in multiple disease parameters, including suppression of autoantibody production and the preservation of renal tissue integrity and function. In addition, ganetespib exerted profound inhibitory effects on disease-related lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, and reduced pathogenic T and B cell lineage populations in the spleen. Ganetespib monotherapy was found to be equally efficacious and tolerable when compared to an effective weekly dosing regimen of the standard-of-care immunosuppressive agent cyclophosphamide. Importantly, co-treatment of ganetespib with a sub-optimal, intermittent dosing schedule of cyclophosphamide resulted in superior therapeutic indices and maximal disease control. These findings highlight the potential of HSP90 inhibition as an alternative, and potentially complementary, strategy for therapeutic intervention in SLE. Such approaches may have important implications for disease management, particularly for limiting or preventing treatment-related toxicities, a major confounding factor in current SLE therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Josephine Ye
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Luisa Shin Ogawa
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Takayo Inoue
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - John Chu
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richard C Bates
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Weiwen Ying
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Andrew J Sonderfan
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Patricia E Rao
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dan Zhou
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
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