1
|
Lalouette A, Degli Esposti D, Colomb C, Garnero L, Quéau H, Recoura-Massaquant R, Chaumot A. Chronic metal contamination shapes the size structure of Gammarus fossarum populations in French headwater rivers. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 33:772-785. [PMID: 38990496 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-024-02777-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Assessing the effects of multigenerational exposure of aquatic animal populations to chemical contamination is essential for ecological risk assessment. However, beyond rare examples reporting the sporadic emergence of a toxicological tolerance within populations that persist in contaminated environments, conclusive results are even more limited from field studies when it comes to the alteration of life-history traits. Here, we investigated whether long-term exposure to cadmium (Cd) influences size-related life-history traits (i.e., size at puberty, median adult size, maximum size) in Gammarus fossarum, a keystone species of European stream ecosystems. We studied 13 field populations of G. fossarum (cryptic lineage B) living in headwater rivers located in natural areas scattered at a large geographical scale and exposed to contrasted bioavailable Cd contamination levels due to different local geochemical backgrounds. We achieved a detailed description of the physical and physicochemical conditions of the river reaches investigated. Land-use parameters, hydrological characteristics (flow, slope, river width, flow structure, mosaic of substrates), and physicochemical conditions (temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen) were measured. Metallic bioavailable contamination was assessed using a standardized active biomonitoring procedure (Gammarus caging). Based on the field demographic census of the 13 populations, our results demonstrated that chronic Cd contamination significantly influences life-history in the G. fossarum species, with a significant reduction in all size traits of populations (size at puberty, median adult size, maximum size). In addition, we confirmed Cd-tolerance in contaminated populations during exposure tests in the laboratory. Various hypotheses can be then put forward to explain the modification of size-related life-history traits: a direct toxic effect of Cd, a cost of Cd-tolerance, or an adaptive evolution of life-history exposed to toxic pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Lalouette
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Villeurbanne, F-69625, France
| | - D Degli Esposti
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Villeurbanne, F-69625, France
| | - C Colomb
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Villeurbanne, F-69625, France
| | - L Garnero
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Villeurbanne, F-69625, France
| | - H Quéau
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Villeurbanne, F-69625, France
| | | | - A Chaumot
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Villeurbanne, F-69625, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
McKinley K, Tsaousis AD, Rückert S. Description and prevalence of gregarines infecting the amphipod Gammarus pulex, in the Water of Leith, Scotland, UK. Eur J Protistol 2024; 94:126084. [PMID: 38692224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Gregarines are symbiotic protists that are found in a broad spectrum of invertebrates, including insects, crustaceans, and annelids. Among these the globally distributed amphipod Gammarus pulex is one of the earliest recognized hosts for aquatic gregarines and is prevalent among macroinvertebrates in freshwater environments. In this study, samples of G. pulex were collected in the Water of Leith river, Scotland, UK. Gregarines were identified using light and scanning electron microscopy as well as standard molecular techniques. We identified three septate eugregarine symbionts-Heliospora longissima, Cephaloidophora gammari, and the here newly characterized Cephaloidophora conus n. sp. (formerly Cephaloidophora sp.) associated with Gammarus pulex in the Water of Leith. Prevalences for identified gregarine species were calculated and seasonal dynamics of gregarine infections/colonization were analyzed. Prevalences were highest in autumn and spring reaching almost 50 %. While the two Cephaloidophora species showed similar colonization patterns, the prevalence of Heliospora showed an opposite trend. Identifying gregarine infection/colonization patterns is one step towards better understanding the gregarine-host relationship, as well as possible impacts of the gregarines on their hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin McKinley
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK; Laboratory of Molecular and Evolutionary Parasitology, RAPID Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, England, UK; Centre for Conservation and Restoration Science, School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Anastasios D Tsaousis
- Laboratory of Molecular and Evolutionary Parasitology, RAPID Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, England, UK
| | - Sonja Rückert
- Department of Eukaryotic Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Centre for Conservation and Restoration Science, School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Degli Esposti D, Lalouette A, Gaget K, Lepeule L, Chaabi Z, Leprêtre M, Espeyte A, Delorme N, Quéau H, Garnero L, Calevro F, Chaumot A, Geffard O. Identification and organ-specific patterns of expression of two metallothioneins in the sentinel species Gammarus fossarum. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 269:110907. [PMID: 37827361 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal pollution is a major concern for aquatic environments. Widespread contamination by various trace metal ions has been described in freshwater streams as well as their subsequent bioaccumulation, potentially leading to toxicity and trophic transfer. Metallothioneins constitute an evolutionary conserved family of low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, metal-chelating proteins, whose known physiological functions are the maintenance of the homeostasis of essential metals, the detoxification of non-essential metals, and the protection against oxidative stress and free radicals. In this study, we identified two metallothionein-coding transcripts, mt1 and mt2, in the transcriptome of the amphipod Gammarus fossarum, a sentinel species widely used to assess the quality of watersheds. For the first time, we investigated the organ-specific patterns of expression of these two mt transcripts at the individual level in the gills and the caeca of this small crustacean. In silico analysis and experimental exposures to environmentally relevant concentrations of cadmium, zinc and silver showed that G. fossarum mt1 induction is stronger after Cd exposure compared to the other tested metals. G. fossarum mt1 was more significantly induced in the caeca than in the gills of exposed organisms for any metal exposure, while G. fossarum mt2 was, at least at the individual level, more inducible in the gills than in the caeca of G. fossarum exposed to Cd and Zn. Our results provide new genetic resources that will help to improve the understanding of metal homeostasis in this sentinel species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Degli Esposti
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Auréline Lalouette
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Karen Gaget
- INRAE, INSA Lyon, BF2I, UMR 203, Université de Lyon, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Louveline Lepeule
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Zineb Chaabi
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Maxime Leprêtre
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anabelle Espeyte
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nicolas Delorme
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hervé Quéau
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laura Garnero
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Federica Calevro
- INRAE, INSA Lyon, BF2I, UMR 203, Université de Lyon, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lalouette A, Degli Esposti D, Garnero L, Allibert M, Dherret L, Dabrin A, Delorme N, Recoura-Massaquant R, Chaumot A. Acclimation and transgenerational plasticity support increased cadmium tolerance in Gammarus populations exposed to natural metal contamination in headwater streams. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166216. [PMID: 37567286 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Considering long-term population effects of chronic exposure to contaminants remains limited in ecological risk assessment. Field evidence that multigenerational exposure influences organisms' sensitivity is still scarce, and mechanisms have yet to be elucidated in the environmental context. This study focuses on the crustacean Gammarus fossarum, for which an increased tolerance to cadmium (Cd) has previously been reported in a naturally low-contaminated headwater stream. Our objectives were to investigate whether Cd tolerance is a common phenomenon in headwater populations, and to elucidate the nature of the tolerance and its intergenerational transmission. For this, we carried out an in-depth in situ characterization of Cd exposure (gammarids' caging) and levels of tolerance in nine populations on a regional scale, as well as laboratory maintenance and cross-breeding of contaminated and uncontaminated populations. Acute tolerance levels correlate positively with bioavailable Cd contamination levels among streams. The contaminated and non-contaminated populations differ about two-fold in sensitivity to Cd. Tolerance was found in all age classes of contaminated populations, it can be transiently lost during the year, and it was transmissible to offspring. In addition, tolerance levels dropped significantly when organisms were transferred to a Cd-free environment for two months. These organisms also ceased producing tolerant offspring, confirming a non-genetic transmission of Cd tolerance between generations. These findings support that Cd tolerance corresponds to non-genetic acclimation combined with transgenerational plasticity. Moreover, cross-breeding revealed that tolerance transmission to offspring is not limited to maternal effect. We suggest epigenetics as a plausible mechanism for the plasticity of Cd sensitivity observed in the field. Our results therefore highlight the neglected role of plasticity and non-genetic transmission of modified sensitivities during the long-term exposure of natural populations to environmental contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Auréline Lalouette
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Villeurbanne F-69625, France
| | | | - Laura Garnero
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Villeurbanne F-69625, France
| | - Maxime Allibert
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Villeurbanne F-69625, France
| | - Lysiane Dherret
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire de chimie des milieux aquatiques, Villeurbanne F-69625, France
| | - Aymeric Dabrin
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire de chimie des milieux aquatiques, Villeurbanne F-69625, France
| | - Nicolas Delorme
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Villeurbanne F-69625, France
| | | | - Arnaud Chaumot
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Villeurbanne F-69625, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alric B, Geffard O, Chaumot A. Metal bioavailable contamination engages richness decline, species turnover but unchanged functional diversity of stream macroinvertebrates at the scale of a French region. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119565. [PMID: 35659553 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems are the main source of water for sustaining life on earth, and the biodiversity they support is the main source of valuable goods and services for human populations. Despite growing recognition of the impairment of freshwater ecosystems by micropollutant contamination, different conceptual and methodological considerations can newly be addressed to improve our understanding of the ecological impact into these ecosystems. Here, we originally combined in situ ecotoxicology and community ecology concepts to unveil the mechanisms structuring macroinvertebrate communities along a regional contamination gradient. The novelty of our study lies in the use of an innovative biomonitoring approach (measurement of metal contents in caged crustaceans) allowing to quantify and compare on a regional scale the levels of bioavailable metal contamination to which stream communities are exposed. We were hence able to identify 23 streams presenting a significant gradient of bioavailable metal contamination within the same catchment area in the South West of France, from which we also obtained data on the composition of resident macroinvertebrate communities. Analyses of structural and functional integrity of communities revealed an unexpected decoupling between taxonomic and functional diversity of communities in response to bioavailable metal contamination. We show that despite the negative impact of bioavailable metal contamination exposure on taxonomic diversity (with an average species loss of 17% in contaminated streams), functional diversity is maintained through a process of non-random species replacement by functional redundant species at the regional scale. Such unanticipated findings call for a deeper characterization of metal-tolerant communities' ability to cope with environmental variability in multi-stressed ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Alric
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, AD2M, UMR 7144, F-29680, Roscoff, France.
| | - Olivier Geffard
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Daphnia magna and Gammarus pulex, novel promising agents for biomedical and agricultural applications. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13690. [PMID: 35953507 PMCID: PMC9372163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17790-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Various studies have shown the importance of using different types of Zooplankton biomasses as an additional substance in the diet of fish. In addition, the drainage water of the fish cultures could be used in plant irrigation. In this study, biomasses of water flea Daphnia magna and Gammarus pulex collected and tested, for the first time, their effect against pathogenic microorganisms and on plant germination. The results showed significant antibacterial activity of D. magna and G. pulex against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, as well as antifungal activity against Alternaria solani and Penicillium expansum, which gives the possibility to be used as biocontrol against these bacteria and plant pathogenic fungi. Furthermore, both animals showed positive activity in the germination rate of Vicia faba seed, reaching 83.0 ± 3.5 and 86.0 ± 3.8%, respectively. In conclusion, the biomasses of D. magna and G. pulex are promising and effective agents for their use in the medical field against some pathogenic microbes and as stimulators of plant growth.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zamora-Camacho FJ, Zambrano-Fernández S, Aragón P. Carryover effects of chronic exposure to ammonium during the larval stage on post-metamorphic frogs. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 248:106196. [PMID: 35598377 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water contamination poses an important challenge to aquatic fauna, including well-documented effects on amphibian larvae. However, little is known about how contamination during the larval stages may affect post-metamorphic phases, or whether resistance may have evolved in some populations. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that chronic exposure to ammonium (a common contaminant in agroecosystems with confirmed effects on anuran tadpoles) during the larval stage of Pelophylax perezi frogs would affect growth and locomotor performance of metamorph, juvenile, subadult and adult stages. We also predicted that the effects of ammonium would be milder in offspring originated from parental agroecosystem frogs than those originating from forests. We compared tadpoles from both habitats either reared in untreated water or chronically exposed to ammonium. We found that exposure to ammonium during the larval stage inflicted effects on morphology (different measures of body size) and swimming speed after metamorphosis until adulthood. However, these effects were not always consistent through post-metamorphic stages and the effects differed as a function of treatment and habitat. In adults, body size and condition were greater in non-ammonium and ammonium exposed individuals, respectively. These differences were not detectable in metamorphs, for which only ammonium-exposed individuals from agroecosystem showed reduced body size in intermediate post-metamorphic stages. In turn, treatment reduced jumping distance only in agroecosystem adults, subadults and juveniles, which was opposite to the trend observed just after metamorphosis. These changes of patterns throughout the ontogeny of P. perezi could be due to processes such as compensatory growth, delayed energy costs derived from it, or early sexual differences that could be present even before they can be accounted for. In summary, this study suggests that exposure to ammonium during larval stages can result in diverse biological and long-term outcomes in later life stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Zamora-Camacho
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, (MNCN-CSIC), C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid 28006, Spain; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/José Antonio Novais 2, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | | | - Pedro Aragón
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, (MNCN-CSIC), C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid 28006, Spain; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/José Antonio Novais 2, Madrid 28040, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Romero-Blanco A, Alonso Á. Laboratory versus wild populations: the importance of population origin in aquatic ecotoxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:22798-22808. [PMID: 35041167 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17370-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The origin of the populations used in ecotoxicological bioassays (from nature (wild populations) or from cultures (laboratory populations)) could have a key influence on the sensitivity of the tested species to different toxicants. However, the available information on this subject is scarce. To assess the likely influence of the population origin (wild vs. laboratory) of species-genus on the toxicant tolerance, we performed a quantitative review of the ECOTOX database, from which we collected the effective concentrations for a wide range of compounds (metals and organics), endpoints, and exposure times. We found a general trend of lower sensitivity of wild populations to toxicants than laboratory populations, although sensitivity was dependent on species and toxicant groups. This suggests that the results of bioassays with laboratory populations may overestimate the toxicity of most of the compounds. Our study highlights the relevance of the origin of the populations in the determination of the sensitivity of species to toxicants. This study also warns about the biases in the species and toxicants used in ecotoxicology, which may lead to an underrepresentation of the biodiversity and the toxicological context of aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Romero-Blanco
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Ciencias de La Vida, Unidad de Ecología, Biological Invasions Research Group, Universidad de Alcalá, Plaza de San Diego S/N, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Álvaro Alonso
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Ciencias de La Vida, Unidad de Ecología, Biological Invasions Research Group, Universidad de Alcalá, Plaza de San Diego S/N, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cosio C, Degli-Esposti D, Almunia C, Gaillet V, Sartelet H, Armengaud J, Chaumot A, Geffard O, Geffard A. Subcellular Distribution of Dietary Methyl-Mercury in Gammarus fossarum and Its Impact on the Amphipod Proteome. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:10514-10523. [PMID: 34283579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The transfer of methyl-Hg (MeHg) from food is central for its effects in aquatic animals, but we still lack knowledge concerning its impact on invertebrate primary consumers. In aquatic environments, cell walls of plants are particularly recalcitrant to degradation and as such remain available as a food source for long periods. Here, the impact at the proteomic level of dietary MeHg in Gammarus fossarum was established and linked to subcellular distribution of Hg. Individuals of G. fossarum were fed with MeHg in cell wall or intracellular compartments of Elodea nuttallii. Hg concentrations in subcellular fractions were 2 to 6 times higher in animals fed with cell wall than intracellular compartments. At the higher concentrations tested, the proportion of Hg in metal-sensitive fraction increased from 30.0 ± 6.1 to 41.0 ± 5.7% for individuals fed with intracellular compartment, while biologically detoxified metal fraction increased from 30.0 ± 6.1 to 50.0 ± 2.8% when fed with cell wall compartment. Data suggested that several thresholds of proteomic response are triggered by increased bioaccumulation in each subcellular fraction in correlation with Hg exclusively bound to the metal-sensitive fraction, while the increase of biologically detoxified metal likely had a cost for fitness. Proteomics analysis supported that the different binding sites and speciation in shoots subsequently resulted in different fate and cellular toxicity pathways to consumers. Our data confirmed that Hg bound in cell walls of plants can be assimilated by G. fossarum, which is consistent with its feeding strategy, hence pointing cell walls as a significant source for Hg transfers and toxicity in primary consumers. The high accumulation of Hg in macrophytes makes them a risk for food web transfer in shallow ecosystems. The present results allowed gaining new insights into the effects and uptake mechanisms of MeHg in aquatic primary consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cosio
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Campus du Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, Cedex, Reims 51687, France
| | | | - Christine Almunia
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, 30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Véronique Gaillet
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Campus du Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, Cedex, Reims 51687, France
| | - Hervé Sartelet
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Campus du Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, Cedex, Reims 51687, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, 30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Alain Geffard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Campus du Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, Cedex, Reims 51687, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dong DT, Miranda AF, Carve M, Shen H, Trestrail C, Dinh KV, Nugegoda D. Population- and sex-specific sensitivity of the marine amphipod Allorchestes compressa to metal exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111130. [PMID: 32866889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity to contaminants of natural populations varies greatly depending on their historical exposure and on the sex of the individual. These factors result in great uncertainty in ecotoxicological risk assessments and challenge the protection of marine biodiversity. This study investigated the role of background pollution in the environment in shaping the sensitivity of males and females of the common marine amphipod Allorchestes compressa to the common trace marine pollutant, copper (Cu). Female and male amphipods were collected from two sites: Geelong (the polluted site) and Clifton Springs (the clean site). Amphipods were exposed to Cu treatments of 0, 50, 100, and 250 μg/L for 10 days, followed by a 10-day recovery period. Cu-exposed males from Geelong showed a reduction in feeding rate at a higher Cu concentration than males from Clifton Springs, suggesting that they have a higher tolerance to Cu than males from Clifton Springs. This can be explained by their higher base level of metallothioneins (MTs) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), the key physiological responses for detoxification and defence against damages from Cu toxicity. Males showed a higher tolerance to Cu than females. This pattern was similar in both populations, which may be associated with a higher level of GST. During the recovery period, only males from Geelong fully recovered to the control level. Our results emphasize the importance of considering population- and sex-specific sensitivity of invertebrates to contaminants in ecotoxicological risk assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dung Thi Dong
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Applied Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Marine Conservation, Research Institute for Marine Fisheries, Hai Phong, Viet Nam.
| | - Ana F Miranda
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Applied Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Megan Carve
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Applied Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hao Shen
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Applied Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Charlene Trestrail
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Applied Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Khuong V Dinh
- School of Biological Science, Washington State University, USA; Department of Fisheries Biology, Nha Trang University, Viet Nam
| | - Dayanthi Nugegoda
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Applied Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
A "Population Dynamics" Perspective on the Delayed Life-History Effects of Environmental Contaminations: An Illustration with a Preliminary Study of Cadmium Transgenerational Effects over Three Generations in the Crustacean Gammarus. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134704. [PMID: 32630258 PMCID: PMC7370439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We explore the delayed consequences of parental exposure to environmentally relevant cadmium concentrations on the life-history traits throughout generations of the freshwater crustacean Gammarus fossarum. We report the preliminary results obtained during a challenging one-year laboratory experiment in this environmental species and propose the use of population modeling to interpret the changes in offspring life-history traits regarding their potential demographic impacts. The main outcome of this first long-term transgenerational assay is that the exposure of spawners during a single gametogenesis cycle (3 weeks) could result in severe cascading effects on the life-history traits along three unexposed offspring generations (one year). Indeed, we observed a decrease in F1 reproductive success, an early onset of F2 offspring puberty with reduced investment in egg yolk reserves, and finally a decrease in the growth rate of F3 juveniles. However, the analysis of these major transgenerational effects by means of a Lefkovitch matrix population model revealed only weak demographic impacts. Population compensatory processes mitigating the demographic consequences of parental exposure seem to drive the modification of life-history traits in offspring generations. This exploratory study sheds light on the role of population mechanisms involved in the demographic regulation of the delayed effects of environmental toxicity in wild populations.
Collapse
|
12
|
Siddique A, Liess M, Shahid N, Becker JM. Insecticides in agricultural streams exert pressure for adaptation but impair performance in Gammarus pulex at regulatory acceptable concentrations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137750. [PMID: 32199358 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide exposure in agricultural streams requires non-target species to adapt. However, pesticides may reduce performance in between exposure events due to long-term effects and physiological fitness costs of adaptation. Here, we investigated the long-term consequences of pesticide exposure to low concentrations in the widespread crustacean Gammarus pulex. We collected populations from six German streams covering no to moderate agricultural pesticide exposure. Peak concentrations ranged up to 1/400 of their acute median lethal concentration (Toxic Unit = -2.6), resulting in significant changes in the macroinvertebrate community composition (SPEARpesticides = up to 0.12). Acute toxicity tests revealed up to 2.5-fold increased tolerance towards the most frequently found insecticide clothianidin compared to populations from non-contaminated streams. However, populations showing increased insecticide tolerance were characterized by reduced survival, per capita growth and mating when cultured under pesticide-free conditions in the laboratory for three months. We conclude that pesticide pollution triggers adaptation both at the species and the community level even at concentrations considered to be safe according to the European pesticide legislation. In G. pulex, exposure and adaptation are associated with impaired performance which potentially affects ecosystem functions such as leaf litter degradation. These long-term impairments need to be considered in deriving safe concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Siddique
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Liess
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Naeem Shahid
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100 Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Jeremias Martin Becker
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Spurgeon DJ. Higher than … or lower than ….? Evidence for the validity of the extrapolation of laboratory toxicity test results to predict the effects of chemicals and ionising radiation in the field. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2020; 211:105757. [PMID: 29970267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Single species laboratory tests and associated species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) that utilise the resulting data can make a key contribution to efforts to prospective hazard assessments for pesticides, biocides, metals and ionising radiation for research and regulatory risk assessment. An assumption that underlies the single species based toxicity testing approach when combined in SSD models is that the assessments of sensitivities to chemical and ionising radiation measured across a range of species in the laboratory can inform on the likely effects on communities present in the field. Potential issues with the validity of this assumption were already recognised by Van Straalen and Denneman (1989) in their landmark paper on the SSD methodology. In this work, they identified eight major factors that could potentially compromise the extrapolation of laboratory toxicity data to the field. Factors covered a range of issues related to differences in chemistry (e.g. bioavailability, mixtures); environmental conditions (optimal, variable), ecological (compensatory, time-scale) and population genetic structure (adaptation, meta-population dynamics). This paper outlines the evidence pertaining to the influence of these different factors on toxicity in the laboratory as compared to the field focussing especially on terrestrial ecosystems. Through radiological and ecotoxicological research, evidence of the influence of each factor on the translation of observed toxicity from the laboratory to field is available in all cases. The importance of some factors, such as differences in chemical bioavailability between laboratory tests and the field and the ubiquity of exposure to mixtures is clearly established and has some relevance to radiological protection. However, other factors such as the differences in test conditions (optimal vs sub-optimal) and the development of tolerance may be relevant on a case by case basis. When SSDs generated from laboratory tests have been used to predict chemical and ionising radiation effects in the field, results have indicated that they may often seem to under-predict impacts, although this may also be due to other factors such as the effects of other non-chemical stressors also affecting communities at polluted sites. A better understanding of the main factors affecting this extrapolation can help to reduce uncertainty during risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Spurgeon
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, MacLean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxon, OX10 8BB, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chiodi Boudet L, Mendieta J, Romero MB, Dolagaratz Carricavur A, Polizzi P, Marcovecchio JE, Gerpe M. Strategies for cadmium detoxification in the white shrimp Palaemon argentinus from clean and polluted field locations. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 236:124224. [PMID: 31306976 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the metal handling capacity of non-tolerant and tolerant populations of Palaemon argentinus to cadmium (Cd), through evaluating of the main mechanisms of metal detoxification, metallothioneins (MT) and metal-rich granules (MRG), to probe that the presence of MRG in the second population is responsible of that condition. The tolerant population were exposed to 3.06 and 12.26 μg Cd·L-1, while the non-tolerant shrimp were exposed to 3.06 μg Cd·L-1. Each experiment involved the exposure during 3, 7, 10 and 15 days and, the depuration during 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, for which shrimp were transferred to clean water. The range values of MT concentrations for non-tolerant shrimp were: 12.24-23.91 μg g (w.w), while for tolerant shrimp were: 8.75-16.85 μg g (w.w); MRG levels were: 0.12-0.57 μg g (w.w) and 0.3-2.1 μg g (w.w), respectively. The results showed different strategies for Cd detoxification: the induction of MT was the main pathway in the non-tolerant population, while the formation of Cd-MRG was the main mechanism for tolerant shrimp. These differences could be related to the environmental history and the health status of each populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Chiodi Boudet
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IIMyC-CONICET), Argentina.
| | - Julieta Mendieta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3250, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC), Argentina
| | - María Belén Romero
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IIMyC-CONICET), Argentina
| | - Arantxa Dolagaratz Carricavur
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IIMyC-CONICET), Argentina
| | - Paula Polizzi
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IIMyC-CONICET), Argentina
| | - Jorge E Marcovecchio
- Área de Oceanografía Química, Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO-CONICET/UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Marcela Gerpe
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IIMyC-CONICET), Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wolff BA, Duggan SB, Clements WH. Resilience and regime shifts: Do novel communities impede ecological recovery in a historically metal‐contaminated stream? J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian A. Wolff
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
| | - Sam B. Duggan
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
| | - William H. Clements
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cogne Y, Almunia C, Gouveia D, Pible O, François A, Degli-Esposti D, Geffard O, Armengaud J, Chaumot A. Comparative proteomics in the wild: Accounting for intrapopulation variability improves describing proteome response in a Gammarus pulex field population exposed to cadmium. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 214:105244. [PMID: 31352074 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput proteomics can be performed on animal sentinels for discovering key molecular biomarkers signing the physiological response and adaptation of organisms. Ecotoxicoproteomics is today amenable by means of proteogenomics to small arthropods such as Gammarids which are well known sentinels of aquatic environments. Here, we analysed two regional Gammarus pulex populations to characterize the potential proteome divergence induced in one site by natural bioavailable mono-metallic contamination (cadmium) compared to a non-contaminated site. Two RNAseq-derived protein sequence databases were established previously on male and female individuals sampled from the reference site. Here, individual proteomes were acquired on 10 male and 10 female paired organisms sampled from each site. Proteins involved in protein lipidation, carbohydrate metabolism, proteolysis, innate immunity, oxidative stress response and lipid transport were found more abundant in animals exposed to cadmium, while hemocyanins were found in lower abundance. The intrapopulation proteome variability of long-term exposed G. pulex was inflated relatively to the non-contaminated population. These results show that, while remaining a challenge for such organisms with not yet sequenced genomes, taking into account intrapopulation variability is important to better define the molecular players induced by toxic stress in a comparative field proteomics approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Cogne
- Laboratoire Innovations technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (Li2D), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, F-30207, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Christine Almunia
- Laboratoire Innovations technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (Li2D), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, F-30207, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Duarte Gouveia
- Laboratoire Innovations technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (Li2D), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, F-30207, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Olivier Pible
- Laboratoire Innovations technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (Li2D), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, F-30207, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Adeline François
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Davide Degli-Esposti
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- Laboratoire Innovations technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (Li2D), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, F-30207, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France.
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vigneron A, Geffard O, Quéau H, François A, Chaumot A. Nongenetic inheritance of increased Cd tolerance in a field Gammarus fossarum population: Parental exposure steers offspring sensitivity. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 209:91-98. [PMID: 30753974 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
While the phenomenon of increased population tolerance to environmental contaminants has been widely reported for aquatic animal species living in contaminated ecosystems, the question of the nature of the tolerance, i.e., genetic adaptation or phenotypic plasticity, has not yet been studied to the same degree and remains under debate when explaining the variability of toxicological sensitivity among field populations. The occurrence of both processes challenges the ecological risk assessment (ERA) of chemicals, questioning the relevance of toxicity assessment procedures based on bioassays employing organisms from naive reference populations. Nonetheless, given that genetic adaptation and phenotypic acclimation are based on different mechanisms, with different persistence periods over time when exposure is stopped, gaining insight into the mechanism of tolerance to contaminants of field populations is a major concern for ERA. In this context, this study aimed to test whether genetic adaptation underlies the tolerance to cadmium (Cd) in a field Gammarus fossarum population identified in a previous study. Breeding and exposure experiments conducted in laboratory conditions revealed that: (1) first and second cohorts of neonates produced from field-collected parents present an increased Cd tolerance, which is explained by a reduction of between-brood variability of Cd sensitivity with an absence of sensitive broods compared to two reference populations rather than by the existence of more tolerant individuals; and (2) Cd tolerance was no longer evident for broods of the third cohort produced by these breeders when maintained under Cd-free conditions in the laboratory. Hence, this study drew the striking conclusion that the observation of Cd tolerance inheritance within the field population studied does not demonstrate genetic adaptation, but it results from an effect of parental exposure inducing transgenerational plasticity, which deeply influences the variability of population sensitivity. To our knowledge, this study is only the second report of increased tolerance to contaminants in a field population explicitly attributed to the phenomenon of transgenerational acclimation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Vigneron
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - O Geffard
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - H Quéau
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - A François
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Chaumot
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69625 Villeurbanne, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cribiu P, Chaumot A, Geffard O, Ravanat JL, Bastide T, Delorme N, Quéau H, Caillat S, Devaux A, Bony S. Natural variability and modulation by environmental stressors of global genomic cytosine methylation levels in a freshwater crustacean, Gammarus fossarum. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 205:11-18. [PMID: 30300817 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To improve the assessment of aquatic organism responses to environmental stressors, there is an interest in studying epigenetic marks in addition to other validated biomarkers. Indeed, the epigenetic marks may be influenced by the surrounding environment. Non-model invertebrates such as gammarids are sentinel organisms representative of the diversity of natural stream communities. Despite their ecologically relevance, the epigenetic responses have been to date poorly documented in these species. The present study explores the measurement of the global cytosine methylation level in the genome of the freshwater crustacean Gammarus fossarum. In a first step, natural variability of global cytosine methylation level (basal level) was assessed by studying the effect of sex, age and sampling site of organisms. Results showed a significant effect of age and sampling site. In a second step, effects of water temperature and food starvation were studied. For both factors, a hypermethylation was observed after 1 month of exposure. In a third step, gammarids were exposed to a range of environmentally relevant cadmium concentrations (0.05-5 μg/L) in order to assess the effect of a chemical stress. Whatever the cadmium concentration used, a significant hypomethylation was observed after 14 days followed by a trend for hypermethylation after 1 month of exposure. These results are the first ones dealing with the 5C-methylation status in gammarids. The results constitute potential markers of environmental stresses in relevant sentinel species widely used in ecotoxicological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Cribiu
- ENTPE, INRA, CNRS UMR 5023 LEHNA, rue Maurice Audin, 69518, Vaulx-en-Velin CEDEX, France; IRSTEA- Groupement de Lyon, unité de recherche RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, 5 rue de la Doua, 69626, Villeurbanne CEDEX, France.
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- IRSTEA- Groupement de Lyon, unité de recherche RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, 5 rue de la Doua, 69626, Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- IRSTEA- Groupement de Lyon, unité de recherche RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, 5 rue de la Doua, 69626, Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Jean-Luc Ravanat
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, 17 rue des martyrs, 38054, Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Thérèse Bastide
- ENTPE, INRA, CNRS UMR 5023 LEHNA, rue Maurice Audin, 69518, Vaulx-en-Velin CEDEX, France
| | - Nicolas Delorme
- IRSTEA- Groupement de Lyon, unité de recherche RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, 5 rue de la Doua, 69626, Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Hervé Quéau
- IRSTEA- Groupement de Lyon, unité de recherche RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, 5 rue de la Doua, 69626, Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Sylvain Caillat
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, 17 rue des martyrs, 38054, Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Alain Devaux
- ENTPE, INRA, CNRS UMR 5023 LEHNA, rue Maurice Audin, 69518, Vaulx-en-Velin CEDEX, France
| | - Sylvie Bony
- ENTPE, INRA, CNRS UMR 5023 LEHNA, rue Maurice Audin, 69518, Vaulx-en-Velin CEDEX, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shahid N, Becker JM, Krauss M, Brack W, Liess M. Adaptation of Gammarus pulex to agricultural insecticide contamination in streams. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 621:479-485. [PMID: 29195196 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides affects non-target aquatic communities, with substantial consequences on ecosystem services. Adaptation of exposed populations may reduce the effects of pesticides. However, it is not known under which conditions adaptation occurs when only a low toxic pressure from pesticides is present. Here, we show that Gammarus pulex, a dominant macroinvertebrate species in many agricultural streams, acquires increased tolerance to pesticides when recolonization from non-contaminated refuge areas is low. Populations in the field that were exposed to pesticides at concentrations several orders of magnitude below considerable acute effects showed almost 3-fold higher tolerance to the neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin (mean EC50 218μgL-1) compared with non-exposed populations (mean EC50 81μgL-1). This tolerance of exposed populations increased from 2- to 4-fold with increasing distance to the next refuge area (0 to 10km). We conclude that the development of tolerance for non-target species may occur at very low concentrations, much below those affecting sensitive test organisms and also lower than those predicted to be safe by governmental risk assessment frameworks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Shahid
- UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department System-Ecotoxicology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Aachen, Germany; Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, Pakistan.
| | - Jeremias Martin Becker
- UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department System-Ecotoxicology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Aachen, Germany; UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Liess
- UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department System-Ecotoxicology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Russo R, Becker JM, Liess M. Sequential exposure to low levels of pesticides and temperature stress increase toxicological sensitivity of crustaceans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 610-611:563-569. [PMID: 28822923 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Frequent pesticide-related impacts on ecosystems at concentrations considered environmentally safe indicate that the current risk assessment framework for registration of pesticides is not protective enough. Causes may include difficulties in assessing the effects of sequential pesticide pulses and their interaction with environmental stressors. By contrast to such realistic scenarios, risk assessment for registration of pesticides is typically based on tests of a single exposure period under benign laboratory conditions. Here, we investigated the toxicological sensitivity of Gammarus pulex, an ecologically relevant crustacean, from uncontaminated control streams and pesticide-contaminated agricultural streams by exposing them to pesticide contamination in the laboratory. Individuals from contaminated streams were 2.7-fold more sensitive to pesticide exposure than individuals from the reference streams. We revealed that this increase in sensitivity was the result of a synergistic interaction of sequential pesticide exposure and temperature stress. Such multiple stressor scenarios are typical for agricultural streams. We conclude that the interactive effects of sequential toxicant exposure and additional environmental stressors need to be considered in a realistic risk assessment framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renato Russo
- UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Aachen, Germany
| | - Jeremias Martin Becker
- UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Liess
- UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Urien N, Farfarana A, Uher E, Fechner LC, Chaumot A, Geffard O, Lebrun JD. Comparison in waterborne Cu, Ni and Pb bioaccumulation kinetics between different gammarid species and populations: Natural variability and influence of metal exposure history. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 193:245-255. [PMID: 29107926 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Kinetic parameters (uptake from solution and elimination rate constants) of Cu, Ni and Pb bioaccumulation were determined from two Gammarus pulex and three Gammarus fossrum wild populations collected from reference sites throughout France in order to assess the inter-species and the natural inter-population variability of metal bioaccumulation kinetics in that sentinel organism. For that, each population was independently exposed for seven days to either 2.5μgL-1 Cu (39.3nM), 40μgL-1 Ni (681nM) or 10μgL-1 Pb (48.3nM) in laboratory controlled conditions, and then placed in unexposed microcosms for a 7-day depuration period. In the same way, the possible influence of metal exposure history on subsequent metal bioaccumulation kinetics was addressed by collecting wild gammarids from three populations inhabiting stations contaminated either by Cd, Pb or both Pb and Ni (named pre-exposed thereafter). In these pre-exposed organisms, assessment of any changes in metal bioaccumulation kinetics was achieved by comparison with the natural variability of kinetic parameters defined from reference populations. Results showed that in all studied populations (reference and pre-exposed) no significant Cu bioaccumulation was observed at the exposure concentration of 2.5μgL-1. Concerning the reference populations, no significant differences in Ni and Pb bioaccumulation kinetics between the two species (G. pulex and G. fossarum) was observed allowing us to consider all the five reference populations to determine the inter-population natural variability, which was found to be relatively low (kinetic parameters determined for each population remained within a factor of 2 of the minimum and maximum values). Organisms from the population exhibiting a Pb exposure history presented reduced Ni uptake and elimination rate constants, whereas no influence on Ni kinetic parameters was observed in organisms from the population exhibiting an exposure history to both Ni and Pb. Furthermore Pb bioaccumulation kinetics were unaffected whatever the condition of pre-exposure in natural environment. Finally, these results highlight the complexity of confounding factors, such as metal exposure history, that influence metal bioaccumulation processes and showed that pre-exposure to one metal can cause changes in the bioaccumulation kinetics of other metals. These results also address the question of the underlying mechanisms developed by organisms to cope with metal contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Urien
- Irstea, UR HBAN - Artemhys, 1 Rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, F-92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| | - A Farfarana
- Irstea, UR HBAN - Artemhys, 1 Rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, F-92761 Antony Cedex, France
| | - E Uher
- Irstea, UR HBAN - Artemhys, 1 Rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, F-92761 Antony Cedex, France
| | - L C Fechner
- Irstea, UR HBAN - Artemhys, 1 Rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, F-92761 Antony Cedex, France
| | - A Chaumot
- Irstea, UR MALY, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - O Geffard
- Irstea, UR MALY, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - J D Lebrun
- Irstea, UR HBAN - Artemhys, 1 Rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, F-92761 Antony Cedex, France; FIRE FR-3020,4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Arambourou H, Decamps A, Quéau H, Dabrin A, Neuzeret D, Chaumot A. Use of Gammarus fossarum (Amphipoda) embryo for toxicity testing: A case study with cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:2436-2443. [PMID: 28252216 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of environmental contaminants on arthropod embryo stages have been poorly investigated in ecotoxicology. Moreover, many of these tests used hatching success as the sole metric, although it is possible to detect many more subtle effects. After a detailed description of embryogenesis in Gammarus fossarum, the present study reports on the sublethal effects of cadmium (Cd) exposure during embryonic development in G. fossarum. Embryos were first directly exposed in multiwell plates throughout the entire embryonic cycle (23 d) to increasing Cd concentrations (0, 1.5, and 3.0 μg/L; 120 embryos/concentration). Then, to assess the representativeness of the gammarid embryo assay performed in multiwell plates, embryos were exposed to similar Cd concentrations through the maternal open brood pouch. Next, to pinpoint sensitive periods of development, embryos were directly exposed to 3.0 μg/L of Cd for shorter periods of time: during gastrulation, organogenesis, and hatching. After hatching, the following parameters were measured in the newborn individuals: 1) body mass; 2) activity of the enzyme phenoloxidase, a key enzyme of the arthropod immune system; and 3) locomotor activity. Phenoloxidase activity was strongly inhibited in newborn individuals of embryos exposed (either in multiwell plates or in the maternal brood pouch) to 3.0 μg/L Cd throughout embryonic development. Furthermore, strong detrimental locomotor effects were observed in newborn individuals of embryos directly exposed to 3.0 μg/L. Exposures for shorter periods of time were not sufficient to induce such effects; no sensitive period could be determined. By bringing new insights into a critical time window of exposure, the gammarid embryo assay could provide a novel and interesting addition to existing bioassays in gammarids. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2436-2443. © 2017 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Arambourou
- Freshwater Systems, Ecology, and Pollution Research Unit, National Research Institute of Science and Technology for the Environment and Agriculture (Irstea), Villeurbanne, France
| | - Alexandre Decamps
- Freshwater Systems, Ecology, and Pollution Research Unit, National Research Institute of Science and Technology for the Environment and Agriculture (Irstea), Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hervé Quéau
- Freshwater Systems, Ecology, and Pollution Research Unit, National Research Institute of Science and Technology for the Environment and Agriculture (Irstea), Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aymeric Dabrin
- Freshwater Systems, Ecology, and Pollution Research Unit, National Research Institute of Science and Technology for the Environment and Agriculture (Irstea), Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Arnaud Chaumot
- Freshwater Systems, Ecology, and Pollution Research Unit, National Research Institute of Science and Technology for the Environment and Agriculture (Irstea), Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gouveia D, Chaumot A, Charnot A, Queau H, Armengaud J, Almunia C, Salvador A, Geffard O. Assessing the relevance of a multiplexed methodology for proteomic biomarker measurement in the invertebrate species Gammarus fossarum: A physiological and ecotoxicological study. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 190:199-209. [PMID: 28750222 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a protein sequence database was built specifically for the sentinel non-model species Gammarus fossarum using a proteogenomics approach. A quantitative multiplexed targeted proteomics assay (using Selected Reaction Monitoring mass spectrometry) was then developed for a fast and simultaneous quantification of dozens of biomarker peptides specific of this freshwater sentinel crustacean species. In order to assess the relevance of this breakthrough methodology in ecotoxicology, the response patterns of a panel of 26 peptides reporting for 20 proteins from the Gammarus fossarum proteome with putative key functional roles (homeostasis, osmoregulation, nutrition, reproduction, molting,…) were recorded through male and female reproductive cycles and after exposure to environmental concentrations of cadmium and lead in laboratory-controlled conditions. Based on these results, we validated the implication of annotated vtg-like peptides in the oogenesis process, and the implication of Na+/K+ ATPase proteins in the molt cycle of organisms. Upon metal (cadmium and lead) contamination, peptides belonging to proteins annotated as involved in antioxidant and detoxification functions, immunity and molting were significantly down-regulated. Overall, this multiplex assay allowed gaining relevant insights upon disruption of different main functions in the sentinel species Gammarus fossarum. This breakthrough methodology in ecotoxicology offers a valid and high throughput alternative to currently used protocols, paving the way for future practical applications of proteogenomics-derived protein biomarkers in chemical risk assessment and environmental monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Gouveia
- IRSTEA, UR MALY, Laboratoire d'ecotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France; CEA-Marcoule, DRF/Joliot/DMTS/SPI/Li2D, Laboratory-Innovative Technologies for Detection and Diagnostics, Bagnols-sur-Ceze, F-30207, France
| | - A Chaumot
- IRSTEA, UR MALY, Laboratoire d'ecotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Charnot
- UMR 5180, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université de Lyon 1, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - H Queau
- IRSTEA, UR MALY, Laboratoire d'ecotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - J Armengaud
- CEA-Marcoule, DRF/Joliot/DMTS/SPI/Li2D, Laboratory-Innovative Technologies for Detection and Diagnostics, Bagnols-sur-Ceze, F-30207, France
| | - C Almunia
- CEA-Marcoule, DRF/Joliot/DMTS/SPI/Li2D, Laboratory-Innovative Technologies for Detection and Diagnostics, Bagnols-sur-Ceze, F-30207, France
| | - A Salvador
- UMR 5180, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université de Lyon 1, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - O Geffard
- IRSTEA, UR MALY, Laboratoire d'ecotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dayras P, Charmantier G, Chaumot A, Vigneron A, Coquery M, Quéau H, Artells E, Lignot JH, Geffard O, Issartel J. Osmoregulatory responses to cadmium in reference and historically metal contaminated Gammarus fossarum (Crustacea, Amphipoda) populations. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 180:412-422. [PMID: 28419954 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to better understand the variable sensitivities of crustaceans to metals, we investigated the impact of cadmium exposure in 3 populations of Gammarus fossarum from different rivers of France. The first population lives in a Cd-contaminated river from a geochemical background, while the others inhabit Cd-free sites. Osmoregulation, a relevant biomarker to evaluate crustacean health following metal contamination, was used as a proxy to evaluate the intra- and inter-populationnal sensitivities to Cd. Specimens from each population were experimentally exposed to 9 μg Cd2+/L Cd for 7 days and hemolymph osmolality (HO) was then individually measured. In exposed populations, high inter-individual variations in HO values were noted, resulting in their separation into non-impacted and slightly or highly Cd-impacted (with lower HO) animals. In gills of impacted organisms, deep histopathological alterations and protein overexpression of Na+/K+-ATPase and V-H+-ATPase were observed through histology and immunolocalization, while non-impacted animals showed profiles comparable to controls. Moreover, the osmoregulatory processes in the population living in the Cd-contaminated site were impacted by acute Cd exposure in the laboratory as much as for one of the two populations originating from Cd-free sites. The observed changes did not reveal any obvious adaptive osmoregulatory phenomena at the population scale, but they may be due to differences in fitness between individuals and between populations in relation to the features of their respective environments, unrelated with the presence of the metal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dayras
- UMR 9190, Université de Montpellier, 34095 cx 05, Montpellier, France; Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), 3 place Victor Hugo, 13331 cx 03, Marseille / Europôle de l'Arbois, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Guy Charmantier
- UMR 9190, Université de Montpellier, 34095 cx 05, Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- Irstea, UR MALY, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Amandine Vigneron
- Irstea, UR MALY, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Marina Coquery
- Irstea, UR MALY, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hervé Quéau
- Irstea, UR MALY, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ester Artells
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), 3 place Victor Hugo, 13331 cx 03, Marseille / Europôle de l'Arbois, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | | | - Olivier Geffard
- Irstea, UR MALY, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Julien Issartel
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), 3 place Victor Hugo, 13331 cx 03, Marseille / Europôle de l'Arbois, Aix-en-Provence, France.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ciliberti A, Chaumot A, Recoura-Massaquant R, Chandesris A, François A, Coquery M, Ferréol M, Geffard O. Caged Gammarus as biomonitors identifying thresholds of toxic metal bioavailability that affect gammarid densities at the French national scale. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 118:131-140. [PMID: 28431346 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccumulated concentrations of toxic elements in biomonitor invertebrate species have already been used to successfully link metal bioavailability and impairments of stream macroinvertebrate communities at the scale of the watershed. However, implementing this empirical comparative approach at a greater spatial scale remains a challenge due to the diversity of biogeographical contexts encompassed by regional and national scales. We showed in previous studies that the use of standard organisms caged permits the use of a common biomonitor over a far greater geographical range, while limiting the influence of confounding factors on levels of bioavailable contamination. In this study, levels of Cd, Hg, Ni and Pb contamination assessed by active biomonitoring with caged Gammarus fossarum were compared to abundances of on-site gammarids on 94 sites in France. Based on this national dataset of in situ bioassays, we first re-determined bioavailable background assessment concentrations (BBACs), i.e. concentrations measured in caged G. fossarum indicating a significant bioavailable contamination, which we had previously defined at a regional scale for these four metallic elements. On-site gammarid abundances were retrieved from monitoring programs implemented by French water agencies for the evaluation of ecological status for the European Water Framework Directive. These abundances were corrected for the influence of stream physico-chemical typology in order to permit a reliable comparison of gammarid densities between sites at the national scale. Clear trends of degradation of gammarid densities with increasing levels of bioaccumulated concentrations were identified for three of the four elements (Cd, Ni and Pb). Threshold concentrations in caged organisms above which the numbers of free-ranging gammarids were abnormally low - namely bioavailable ecological assessment concentrations (BEACs) - were determined. The reliability and validity of the BEACs, their comparison with BBACs and their usefulness in terms of prioritisation of contaminants, sites in freshwater management, are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Ciliberti
- Irstea, UR MALY, 5 rue de la Doua, BP 32108, F-69616, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- Irstea, UR MALY, 5 rue de la Doua, BP 32108, F-69616, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | | | - André Chandesris
- Irstea, UR MALY, 5 rue de la Doua, BP 32108, F-69616, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Adeline François
- Irstea, UR MALY, 5 rue de la Doua, BP 32108, F-69616, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Marina Coquery
- Irstea, UR MALY, 5 rue de la Doua, BP 32108, F-69616, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Martial Ferréol
- Irstea, UR MALY, 5 rue de la Doua, BP 32108, F-69616, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- Irstea, UR MALY, 5 rue de la Doua, BP 32108, F-69616, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pedrosa JAM, Cocchiararo B, Bordalo MD, Rodrigues ACM, Soares AMVM, Barata C, Nowak C, Pestana JLT. The role of genetic diversity and past-history selection pressures in the susceptibility of Chironomus riparius populations to environmental stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 576:807-816. [PMID: 27810765 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural populations experiencing intense selection and genetic drift may exhibit limited potential to adapt to environmental change. The present study addresses the following aspects of the "genetic erosion" hypothesis in the midge Chironomus riparius: does long-term mercury (Hg) contamination affect the Hg tolerance of midge populations inhabiting such impacted areas? If so, is there any fitness cost under changing environmental conditions? And does genetic impoverishment influence the susceptibility of C. riparius to cope with environmental stressful conditions? For this end, we tested the acute and chronic tolerance to Hg and salinity in four C. riparius populations differing in their levels of genetic diversity (assessed through microsatellite markers) and past-histories of Hg exposure. Results showed that the midge population collected from a heavily Hg-contaminated site had higher Hg tolerance compared to the population collected from a closely-located reference site suggesting directional selection for Hg-tolerant traits in its native environment despite no genetic erosion in the field. No increased susceptibility under changing environmental conditions of salinity stress was observed. Moreover, results also showed that populations with higher genetic diversity performed better in the partial life-cycle assays providing evidence on the key role that genetic diversity plays as mediator of populations' susceptibility to environmental stress. Our findings are discussed in terms of the suitability of C. riparius as a model organism in evolutionary toxicology studies as well as the validity of ecotoxicological assessments using genetically eroded laboratory populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João A M Pedrosa
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Berardino Cocchiararo
- Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Maria D Bordalo
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia C M Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Barata
- Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carsten Nowak
- Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - João L T Pestana
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Prud'homme SM, Chaumot A, Cassar E, David JP, Reynaud S. Impact of micropollutants on the life-history traits of the mosquito Aedes aegypti: On the relevance of transgenerational studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 220:242-254. [PMID: 27667679 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hazard assessment of chemical contaminants often relies on short term or partial life-cycle ecotoxicological tests, while the impact of low dose throughout the entire life cycle of species across multiple generations has been neglected. This study aimed at identifying the individual and population-level consequences of chronic water contamination by environmental concentrations of three organic micropollutants, ibuprofen, bisphenol A and benzo[a]pyrene, on Aedes aegypti mosquito populations in experimental conditions. Life-history assays spanning the full life-cycle of exposed individuals and their progeny associated with population dynamics modelling evidenced life-history traits alterations in unexposed progenies of individuals chronically exposed to 1 μg/L ibuprofen or 0.6 μg/L benzo[a]pyrene. The progeny of individuals exposed to ibuprofen showed an accelerated development while the progeny of individuals exposed to benzo[a]pyrene showed a developmental acceleration associated with an increase in mortality rate during development. These life-history changes due to pollutants exposure resulted in relatively shallow increase of Ae. aegypti asymptotic population growth rate. Multigenerational exposure for six generations revealed an evolution of population response to ibuprofen and benzo[a]pyrene across generations, leading to a loss of previously identified transgenerational effects and to the emergence of a tolerance to the bioinsecticide Bacillus turingiensis israelensis (Bti). This study shed light on the short and long term impact of environmentally relevant doses of ibuprofen and benzo[a]pyrene on Ae. aegypti life-history traits and insecticide tolerance, raising unprecedented perspectives about the influence of surface water pollution on vector-control strategies. Overall, our approach highlights the importance of considering the entire life cycle of organisms, and the necessity to assess the transgenerational effects of pollutants in ecotoxicological studies for ecological risk assessment. Finally, this multi-generational study gives new insight about the influence of surface water pollution on microevolutionary processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie M Prud'homme
- CNRS Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553, BP 53, 2233 rue de la Piscine, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- IRSTEA, UR MALY, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Eva Cassar
- CNRS Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553, BP 53, 2233 rue de la Piscine, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
| | - Jean-Philippe David
- CNRS Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553, BP 53, 2233 rue de la Piscine, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
| | - Stéphane Reynaud
- CNRS Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553, BP 53, 2233 rue de la Piscine, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Dongxing Z, Yucui N, Jiabin L, Jie D, Guohua R, Bilige S, Yijun L. Effects of oxidative stress reaction for the Eisenia fetida with exposure in Cd 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:21883-21893. [PMID: 27528521 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7422-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Earthworms are widely used in all kinds of pollutants as sensitive bio-indicator organisms because of their immediately oxidative stress response under the stress of heavy metal. However, there are a large number of indexes associated with the oxidative stress response. Finding out the key monitoring indexes in the stress process becomes a practical demand of the pollution monitoring and warning process. We studied two groups, the short-term test and the long-term test. The former one is for 10 days, taking out an earthworm every day. The latter test lasted 30 days, taking out an earthworm every 10 days. The Cd2+ concentration was set at 50, 100, 125, 250, and 500 mg kg-1. Post-clitellum segments of earthworms were chosen to determine superoxide enzyme (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione-S transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), vitamin E (VE), malondialdehyde (MDA), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The results showed that the main bio-indicators associating with oxidative stress reaction in short-term group were CAT, SOD, and POD. MDA could be used as a bio-indicator in the early and mid-term. VE was only the bio-indicator in the mid-term stress. While with the long-term test, the main bio-indicators associated with oxidative stress reaction were GSH-Px and MDA. The AChE activity was only suitable for oxidative stress response caused by heavy metal stress more than 30 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Dongxing
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Ning Yucui
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Liu Jiabin
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Deng Jie
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Rong Guohua
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Siqin Bilige
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Liu Yijun
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Vigneron A, Geffard O, Quéau H, Chaumot A. Mothers and not genes determine inherited differences in cadmium sensitivities within unexposed populations of the freshwater crustacean Gammarus fossarum. Evol Appl 2016; 9:355-66. [PMID: 26834827 PMCID: PMC4721071 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Deciphering evolutionary processes occurring within contaminated populations is important for the ecological risk assessment of toxic chemicals. Whereas increased tolerance to contaminants is well documented in aquatic animal populations, whether such phenotypic changes occur through genetic adaptation is still debated. In that sense, several studies with the freshwater crustacean Gammarus concluded in a weak potential for genetic adaptation to cadmium (Cd), while others reported inheritable increased tolerance in Cd‐contaminated populations. Using quantitative genetics and selection experiments, this study sought to further assess the potential of Gammarus populations to genetically adapt to Cd. By combining the control of the reproductive cycle of this species in the laboratory and protocols of individual Cd exposure, we conducted half‐sib analyses to establish the genetic and environmental sources of variance in Cd sensitivity of neonates. Prior to experiments, computations allowed optimizing the experimental design in order to increase the power to detect additive genetic variance. The main findings are the existence of strong between‐brood variability along with weak heritability of Cd sensitivity within Gammarus populations. This study also revealed a significant maternal effect on individual Cd sensitivity. This sheds new light on the importance of maternal influence in microevolutionary processes occurring in contaminated environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Vigneron
- Irstea UR MALY Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne Villeurbanne France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- Irstea UR MALY Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne Villeurbanne France
| | - Hervé Quéau
- Irstea UR MALY Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne Villeurbanne France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- Irstea UR MALY Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne Villeurbanne France
| |
Collapse
|