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Park Y, Sullivan K. Risk patterns of bullying perpetration and victimization among children. Soc Sci Med 2024; 355:117096. [PMID: 39002197 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study uses the bioecological model of human development and person-centered methods to describe the underlying patterns of risk and their association with bullying perpetration and victimization among U.S. children. METHODS Using the National Survey of Children's Health, this study (n = 7319) explored the underlying patterns of risks across six domains (i.e., individual, family, school, neighborhood, economic, and socio-cultural) associated with bullying perpetration and victimization among U.S. elementary school children. RESULTS Latent Class Analysis uncovered four patterns of risks. The low risks group (72.4%) showed the lowest rates of bullying perpetration (24.6%) and victimization (57.2%). The individual and environmental risks group (15.3%) presented moderate levels of bullying perpetration (31.8%) and victimization (67.1%). The family risks group (8.3%) showed moderate levels of bullying perpetration (35.9%) and victimization (66.0%). High risks group (4.0%) presented exceptionally high rates of bullying perpetration (59.1%) and victimization (87.3%). CONCLUSION Results suggest rates of bullying perpetration and victimization differed across the four patterns of risks. Understanding the sources of risk may be critical to alleviate bullying perpetration and victimization among children. IMPLICATION Findings suggest that child bullying should be approached with customized treatment considering their pattern of risk exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjin Park
- School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Texas, USA.
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2
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Dragone M, Bacchini D, Esposito C, Affuso G, De Angelis G, Stasolla F, De Luca Picione R. A Four-Wave Cross-Lagged Study of Exposure to Violent Contexts, Cognitive Distortions, and School Bullying during Adolescence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:883. [PMID: 39063460 PMCID: PMC11277227 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
School bullying represents a widespread expression of violence in the peer context. Guided by the social-ecological model, this study investigated the longitudinal and transactional pathways linking domestic and neighborhood/community violence exposure (through direct victimization and witnessing), self-serving cognitive distortions (CDs), and school bullying perpetration. Furthermore, consistent with the previous literature, we tested the cognitive desensitization process that could develop in response to chronically violent contexts. Two four-wave cross-lagged panel mediation models were tested in a sample of 778 high school students (28.1% males; Mage [Time 1; T1] = 14.20, SD = 0.58). The results showed differential effects of multiple contexts and forms of violence exposure, with domestic violence victimization and community violence witnessing being associated with self-serving CDs and bullying perpetration over time. Moreover, significant associations between CDs and bullying perpetration over time were found, with bidirectional effects for each of these longitudinal patterns. Finally, self-serving CDs significantly mediated the relationships between both domestic violence victimization and community violence witnessing and school bullying perpetration. These findings highlight the need to consider school bullying as a social phenomenon stemming from a complex and bidirectional interplay between individuals and the environments they inhabit, confirming a basic postulate that "violence breeds violence".
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Dragone
- Faculty of Law, Giustino Fortunato University, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (M.D.); (F.S.); (R.D.L.P.)
| | - Dario Bacchini
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80133 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Concetta Esposito
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80133 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Gaetana Affuso
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Grazia De Angelis
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Pegaso University, 80143 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Stasolla
- Faculty of Law, Giustino Fortunato University, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (M.D.); (F.S.); (R.D.L.P.)
| | - Raffaele De Luca Picione
- Faculty of Law, Giustino Fortunato University, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (M.D.); (F.S.); (R.D.L.P.)
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DeGue S, Ray CM, Bontempo D, Niolon PH, Tracy AJ, Estefan LF, Le VD, Little TD. Prevalence of Violence Victimization and Perpetration During Middle and High School in Underresourced, Urban Communities. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2023; 38:839-857. [PMID: 37949460 PMCID: PMC10953482 DOI: 10.1891/vv-2022-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
This study describes rates of violence victimization, perpetration, and witnessing in 6th-11th grade for a multisite sample (N = 3,466) of predominantly Black and Hispanic middle- and high-school students from urban areas with high rates of crime and economic disadvantage. Students completed surveys in middle and high school assessing teen dating violence, stalking, sexual violence and harassment, bullying, cyberbullying, and physical violence perpetration and victimization, as well as witnessing violence. The highest prevalence rates are observed most often in 8th or 9th grade. Youth reported high rates of witnessing serious assault and severe community violence throughout adolescence. These findings suggest that efforts to prevent violence among youth living in under-resourced communities need to start early and address community-level socioeconomic disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah DeGue
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Colleen M Ray
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel Bontempo
- College of Education, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Phyllis Holditch Niolon
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Allison J Tracy
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lianne Fuino Estefan
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vi D Le
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Todd D Little
- College of Education, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
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Valido A, Merrin GJ, Espelage DL, Robinson LE, Nickodem K, Ingram KM, El Sheikh AJ, Torgal C, Fairclough J. Social-Ecological Predictors of Homophobic Name-Calling Perpetration and Victimization Among Early Adolescents. THE JOURNAL OF EARLY ADOLESCENCE 2022; 42:1115-1151. [PMID: 36340294 PMCID: PMC9623402 DOI: 10.1177/02724316211002271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bias-based aggression at school in the form of homophobic name-calling is quite prevalent among early adolescents. Homophobic name-calling is associated with low academic performance, higher risky sexual behaviors, and substance abuse, among other adverse outcomes. This longitudinal study examined risk and protective factors across multiple domains of the social ecology (individual, peer, family, school and community) and levels of analysis (within- and between-person) associated with homophobic name-calling perpetration and victimization. Students from four middle schools in the U.S. Midwest (N = 1,655; X ¯ age = 12.75; range = 10-16 years) were surveyed four times (Spring/Fall 2008, Spring/Fall 2009). For homophobic name-calling perpetration, significant risk factors included impulsivity, social dominance, traditional masculinity, family violence, and neighborhood violence; while empathy, peer support, school belonging, and adult support were significant protective factors. For homophobic name-calling victimization, significant risk factors included empathy (between-person), impulsivity, traditional masculinity, family violence, and neighborhood violence, while empathy (within-person), parental monitoring, peer support, school belonging, and adult support were significant protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kyle Nickodem
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
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Hamstra C, Fitzgerald M. Longitudinal Effects from Childhood Abuse to Bullying Perpetration in Adolescence: The Role of Mental Health and Social Problems. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2022; 15:869-881. [PMID: 35958700 PMCID: PMC9360357 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-021-00409-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Bullying has attracted increased attention due to the serious implications for perpetrators, victims, and schools. Recent studies have sought to identify factors that may contribute to bullying perpetration, and child abuse has been identified as one such factor. The mediating processes linking child abuse to bullying perpetration, however, are not well understood. The current study explored adolescent mental health problems, including symptoms of depression, anxiety, dissociation, and posttraumatic stress disorder, and poor social skills as pathways between childhood abuse and adolescent bullying perpetration. Data for the current study are from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. The current study utilized a longitudinal and multi-informant design in which adolescents reported their history of childhood abuse, mental health problems, and social skills when they were 12 years old; bullying perpetration was reported by adolescent's teachers when adolescents were 12 and 14. Results indicated childhood abuse was associated with higher levels of depression, anxiety, anger, dissociation, posttraumatic stress, and poor social skills. Only anxiety and poor social skills at age 12 were significantly associated with bullying perpetration when adolescents when were 14. Bootstrapped indirect effects from childhood abuse to bullying perpetration were significant for both anxiety and poor social skills, indicating full mediation. Addressing anxiety and poor social skills in early adolescence among children who have been abused may prevent bullying perpetration in mid-adolescence. Clinicians, teachers, and school administrators may desire to focus efforts on reducing anxiety and increasing social skills to mitigate bullying perpetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailyn Hamstra
- School of Teacher Education, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL USA
| | - Michael Fitzgerald
- School of Child and Family Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS USA
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Williams LR, Adams Rueda H. Witnessing Intimate Partner Violence Across Contexts: Mental Health, Delinquency, and Dating Violence Outcomes Among Mexican Heritage Youth. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP3152-NP3174. [PMID: 32772879 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520946818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Immigrant Mexican American (MA) youth are at greater risk for violence exposure due to risk factors associated with migration-postmigration processes and as they settle into urban U.S. communities marked by crime and poverty. Less is known about the contexts of this exposure. Specifically, what are the ecological contexts in which youth witness intimate partner violence (IPV), how do these experiences differ by immigration generational status, and what is the impact on youth's externalizing and internalizing behaviors? MA adolescents (N = 279; 15-17 years, M = 16.17, SD = 0.81) from the Southwest United States participated in an online survey. Over half of adolescents had witnessed at least one incidence of IPV in the prior 2 weeks, usually involving their peers. Adolescents who had spent more time in the United States were more likely to witness violence and rated it as more severe than more recently immigrated youth. A cross-sectional path model revealed that witnessing IPV was associated with internalizing and externalizing problems. However, the associations between witnessing IPV and dating violence perpetration and victimization were mediated through acceptance of dating violence norms. Each successive generation may be more likely to witness violence across a range of ecological contexts. Witnessing violence may be central to a host of negative outcomes, including deviancy, poor mental health, and dating violence. However, preventive interventions can help youth to challenge violence norms within intimate partnerships as well as to cope with violence in their homes, peer groups, and communities.
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Sui X, Massar K, Reddy PS, Ruiter RAC. Developmental Assets in South African Adolescents Exposed to Violence: a Qualitative Study on Resilience. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2022; 15:1-13. [PMID: 35211239 PMCID: PMC8837762 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-021-00343-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Violence exposure is associated with psychological and behavioural maladjustment in adolescents. Yet, not all adolescents exposed to violence experience negative symptoms. Resilience is an outcome that is in part determined by multiple protective factors, or developmental assets, that protect adolescents from the negative influence of encountered stressors and allow them to attain positive developmental outcomes. A qualitative study was conducted to acquire an in-depth understanding of the developmental assets across different layers in the ecological system that promote positive psychological and behavioural functioning in South African adolescents exposed to violence. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with a multi-ethnic group (black, white, and people of mixed heritage) of South African adolescents (boy: n = 17; girl: n = 13; age: 14-19 years) from seven schools in Cape Town. Adolescents reported both internal and external assets that helped them adaptively cope with violence exposure. The internal assets entailed individual characteristics and skills, including commitment to learning, positive values, positive identity, social competencies, and emotional insight. The external assets were boundaries and expectations, social support from adolescents' peers, family, school, and community, and adolescents' constructive use of time. The findings of the study may inform strengths-based interventions to enhance emotional and behavioural skills in adolescents at risk for violence exposure. Moreover, involving key stakeholders in the interventions from major developmental domains can be particularly helpful to optimise the social support that are needed for adolescents to be resilient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincheng Sui
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Karlijn Massar
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Priscilla S. Reddy
- Social Aspects of Public Health, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Robert A. C. Ruiter
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Hong JS, Lee J, McCloskey LA, Victor BG, Wei HS, Voisin DR. Pathways From Witnessing Parental Intimate Partner Violence to Involvement in Bullying: Empirically Testing a Proposed Conceptual Framework. J Prim Prev 2021; 42:583-602. [PMID: 34554374 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-021-00647-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We tested a proposed conceptual framework in which we hypothesized that witnessing parental intimate partner violence (witnessing parental IPV) is linked to children's bullying and peer victimization. We also hypothesized that the relationship between witnessing parental IPV and bullying and peer victimization in childhood would be mediated by increased psychological problem behavior, school absences, and problematic peer interactions. We utilized data from the National Survey of Children's Health. We found that witnessing parental IPV was positively related to children's bullying and peer victimization not only directly, but also indirectly through the mediating role of psychological problem behavior, school absences, and problematic peer interactions. Our findings highlight the importance of exploring the mechanisms by which bullying and peer victimization increase in those who have witnessed parental IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sung Hong
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, 5447 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
| | - Jungup Lee
- Department of Social Work, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Bryan G Victor
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, 5447 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Hsi-Sheng Wei
- Department of Social Work, National Taipei University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dexter R Voisin
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Sui X, Massar K, Ruiter RAC, Reddy PS. Violence typologies and sociodemographic correlates in South African adolescents: a three-wave cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:221. [PMID: 32050945 PMCID: PMC7017509 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8332-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Violence victimisation and violence perpetration may co-occur in adolescents. Understanding the sociodemographic correlates of the independent and joint profiles of victimisation and perpetration may inform preventive interventions. This study examined the associations of sociodemographic factors with four violence typologies, namely, 1) non-involvement in both victimisation and perpetration, 2) victims only, 3) perpetrators only, and 4) victim-perpetrators. Trends in the prevalence of the four violence typologies over the three survey years were also examined. Methods We used data from the three nationally representative South African Youth Risk Behaviour Surveys conducted in 2002, 2008, and 2011 and included a multi-ethnic sample of adolescents (n = 30,007; boy: 46.9%, girls: 53.1%; M age = 16 years, SD = .06). Results The sample consisted of 8030 (30.8%) adolescents who had non-involvement in both victimisation and perpetration, 8217 were victims only (29.8%), 2504 were perpetrators only (9.0%), and 7776 were victim-perpetrators (24.6%). Logistic regression analyses showed that being a girl increased the odds of non-involvement (OR: 1.47, 99% CI: 1.36–1.58) and being victims only (OR: 1.90, 99% CI: 1.76–2.05). Being a boy increased the odds of being perpetrators only (OR: 0.42, 99% CI: 0.37–0.47) and victim-perpetrators (OR: 0.51, 99% CI: 0.47–0.55). Adolescents who did not have an absent mother had higher odds of non-involvement (OR: 0.78, 99% CI: 0.62–0.97). Lower monthly allowance increased the odds of victimisation only (OR: 0.99, 99% CI: 0.97–1.00), whereas higher monthly allowance increased the odds of perpetration only (OR: 1.05, 99% CI: 1.03–1.08). Trend analysis showed that between 2002 to 2011, there was an increase in the prevalence of non-involvement in adolescents (p < .001), a decrease in the prevalence of victims only (p < .05) and victim-perpetrators (p < .001), and no changes in the prevalence of perpetrators only (p > .05). Conclusions Sociodemographic factors are uniquely associated with different violence typologies suggesting the need for tailored interventions to target adolescents with differed risks to violence victimisation and perpetration. Strengthening family relations, particularly between mother and child, may protect adolescents from the experiences of victimisation and perpetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincheng Sui
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Karlijn Massar
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A C Ruiter
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Priscilla S Reddy
- Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, 8001, South Africa.,Visiting Professor, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa
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Xu M, Macrynikola N, Waseem M, Miranda R. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Bullying: Review and Implications for Intervention. AGGRESSION AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR 2020; 50:101340. [PMID: 32863731 PMCID: PMC7453877 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2019.101340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite increased research on bullying over the past few decades, researchers still have little understanding of how bullying differentially affects racial and ethnic minority and immigrant youth. To facilitate efforts to better evaluate the impact of bullying among racial and ethnic minority youth and improve interventions, we integrated research from multiple disciplines and conducted a systematic search to review relevant cross-cultural research on the prevalence of bullying, risk and protective factors, and differences in behaviors and outcomes associated with bullying in these populations. Studies measuring differences in bullying prevalence by racial and ethnic groups are inconclusive, and discrepancies in findings may be explained by differences in how bullying is measured and the impact of school and social environments. Racial and ethnic minorities and immigrants are disproportionately affected by contextual-level risk factors associated with bullying (e.g., adverse community, home, and school environments), which may moderate the effects of individual-level predictors of bullying victimization or perpetration (e.g., depressive symptoms, empathy, hostility, etc.) on involvement and outcomes. Minority youth may be more likely to perpetrate bullying, and are at much higher risk for poor health and behavioral outcomes as a result of bias-based bullying. At the same time, racial and ethnic minorities and immigrants may be protected against bullying involvement and its negative consequences as a result of strong ethnic identity, positive cultural and family values, and other resilience factors. Considering these findings, we evaluate existing bullying interventions and prevention programs and propose directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah Xu
- Hunter College, City University of New York
| | | | | | - Regina Miranda
- Hunter College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York
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Beserra MA, Carlos DM, Leitão MNDC, Ferriani MDGC. Prevalence of school violence and use of alcohol and other drugs in adolescents. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2019; 27:e3110. [PMID: 30916224 PMCID: PMC6432991 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.2124.3110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze the school violence suffered and practiced and its association with the use of alcohol and other drugs in adolescents between 12 and 18 years old. METHOD the study sample consisted of 643 adolescents enrolled in six schools, who answered two self-administered questionnaires: "Global School-based Student Health Survey" and "Violence in School". Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and the degree of association between the variables was analyzed using the prevalence ratio. RESULTS the prevalence of school violence suffered and practiced was 62.2% and 51.9%, respectively. About 44.6% of the aggressors said they did not want to change their behavior. There was an expressive prevalence of alcohol use (16.5%), tobacco (15.7%) and illicit drugs (6.8%), and drunkenness (12.6%). There was a significant association between the violence suffered and the age group of 12 to 14 years old (p=0.001); (p=0.011) and education level in elementary school (p<0.001). In mothers with less than eight years of studies, the association was significant for the violence practiced (p=0.002). CONCLUSION the study contributes to the aspects involved in school violence, which can subsidize actions and policies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Aparecida Beserra
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Faculdade de Enfermagem Nossa Senhora das Graças, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Diene Monique Carlos
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Maria das Graças Carvalho Ferriani
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Vargas AEO, Monjardín MDRM. Impacto multifacético del ambiente familiar en situaciones de violencia escolar en hombres y mujeres. PSICOLOGIA ESCOLAR E EDUCACIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-35392019012847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumen Habiendo pocos estudios que han empleado los análisis de trayectorias (Path Analysis) para examinar la magnitud de los factores familiares y su relación con la violencia escolar, el objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los efectos de los conflictos familiares, la cohesión, la adaptabilidad, el apoyo, la moralidad, la organización familiar, las normas y la comunicación en la violencia escolar. Los análisis de trayectorias revelaron que las normas familiares junto con los valores ético-morales que se fomentan en el hogar tuvieron el mayor impacto en los actos de violencia perpetrados por las mujeres. Así mismo, el apoyo parental y la comunicación padres-hijos fueron los factores que más influyeron en la experiencia de victimización para las adolescentes. Por otra parte, para los estudiantes varones, los conflictos que se generan al interior de la familia tuvieron la relación más fuerte con la violencia escolar. De la misma manera, la comunicación con sus padres, la cohesión familiar y el apoyo parental fueron los tres predictores más importantes en la experiencia de victimización.
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Go EJ, Kong JW, Kim KE. A Meta-analysis of the Correlation between Maltreatment, Witnessing Domestic Violence, and Bullying among Youths in South Korea. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 33:17-30. [PMID: 29210617 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2017.1391148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this meta-analysis is to examine synthesized correlation outcomes between maltreatment, witnessing domestic violence, and bullying among youths in South Korea. The study examined 42 studies from between 2000 and 2015; the results showed that there is a medium effect size for this association among youths. Specifically, the effect size of the association was found to be larger for physical and verbal/emotional abuse and neglect than exposure to domestic violence for youths. The authors suggest that effective prevention and intervention for youths who are at risk of suffering maltreatment and witnessing domestic violence may help them avoid developing bullying behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Go
- a Department of Social Welfare , Sungkyunkwan University , Seoul , South Korea
- b Department of Social Welfare , Sungkyul University , Gyeonggi-do , South Korea
| | - Jung Won Kong
- a Department of Social Welfare , Sungkyunkwan University , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Ko Eun Kim
- a Department of Social Welfare , Sungkyunkwan University , Seoul , South Korea
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Williamson RE, Reed DE, Wickham RE, Field NP. The mediational role of posttraumatic stress in the relationship between domestic violence exposure and peer victimisation: a Cambodian sample. EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIOURAL DIFFICULTIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13632752.2017.1335121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - David E. Reed
- Department of Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Nigel P. Field
- Department of Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Elsaesser CM, Voisin DR. Correlates of Polyvictimization Among African American Youth: An Exploratory Study. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2015; 30:3022-42. [PMID: 25392381 DOI: 10.1177/0886260514554424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
African American adolescents are exposed to high rates of community violence, and recent evidence indicates that these youth may also be at high risk of polyvictimization. Guided by an ecological approach, this study explored individual, familial, and extra-familial correlates of single and multiple forms of violence exposures (i.e., witnessing verbal parental aggression, witnessing or being a victim of community violence exposures) among a sample of 563 urban African American adolescents. Findings indicated that boys reported higher levels of polyvictimization than girls. In addition, the correlates of violence exposures varied by typology and gender. These findings support the development and use of gender-oriented approaches for identifying youth at risk of various types of violence exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dexter R Voisin
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA STI/HIV Intervention Network, 969 East 60th Street, Chicago, IL, USA
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Oliveira WAD, Silva JLD, Yoshinaga ACM, Silva MAI. Interfaces entre família e bullying escolar: uma revisão sistemática. PSICO-USF 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-82712015200111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivou-se conhecer e mapear a produção científica que evidencia relações entre o contexto familiar e o envolvimento em situações de bullying escolar, por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Foram consultadas as bases de dados Lilacs, Web of Science e a biblioteca Scielo. A busca resultou em 54 artigos publicados em português, inglês e espanhol, entre 2008 e 2013, e a análise dos dados permitiu a identificação de sete categorias analíticas: 1) características estruturais; 2) práticas parentais; 3) estilos parentais; 4) clima familiar; 5) sentimentos dos pais em relação aos filhos; 6) saúde mental dos pais; e 7) violências. Constatou-se um predomínio de publicações internacionais e de estudos quantitativos e, no conjunto, verificou-se que algumas características e aspectos familiares estavam associados ao envolvimento de estudantes em situações de bullying. O estudo amplia o olhar interpretativo sobre o fenômeno e suas complexidades com uma abordagem contextual, indicando caminhos para novas pesquisas.
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Adolescent conflict as a developmental process in the prospective pathway from exposure to interparental violence to dating violence. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 42:239-50. [PMID: 23979004 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-013-9782-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Within a developmental psychopathology framework, the current study examined adolescent conflict (age 16) with families, best friends, and dating partners as mediators in the prospective pathway from exposure to interparental violence (EIPV) in early childhood (0-64 months) to dating violence perpetration and victimization in early adulthood (age 23). Adolescent conflict was predicted to partially mediate EIPV and dating violence with significant direct paths from EIPV to dating violence, given the extant literature on the salience of early childhood EIPV for later maladjustment. Participants (N = 182; 99 males, 83 females; 67 % Caucasian, 11 % African-American, 18 % other, 4 % unreported) were drawn from a larger prospective study of high-risk mothers (aged 12-34 years) that followed their children from birth through adulthood. EIPV and adolescent conflict were rated from interviews with mothers and participants, and dating violence (physical perpetration and victimization) was assessed with the Conflict Tactics Scale. Path analyses showed that EIPV in early childhood (a) directly predicted dating violence perpetration in early adulthood and (b) predicted conflict with best friends, which in turn predicted dating violence perpetration. Although mediation of best friend conflict was not evident, indirect effects of EIPV to dating violence were found through externalizing behaviors in adolescence and life stress in early adulthood. Findings highlight that conflict with best friends is affected by EIPV and predicts dating violence, suggesting that it may be a promising target for relationship-based interventions for youth with EIPV histories. Furthermore, deleterious early experiences and contemporaneous risk factors are salient predictors of dating violence.
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Narayan AJ, Sapienza JK, Monn AR, Lingras KA, Masten AS. Risk, Vulnerability, and Protective Processes of Parental Expressed Emotion for Children's Peer Relationships in Contexts of Parental Violence. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 44:676-88. [PMID: 24635645 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2014.881292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined risk, vulnerability, and protective processes of parental expressed emotion for children's peer relationships in families living in emergency shelters with high rates of exposure to parental violence (EPV). Parental criticism and negativity were hypothesized to exacerbate the association between EPV and poorer peer relations, whereas parental warmth was expected to buffer this association. Participants included 138 homeless parents (M = 30.77 years, SD = 6.33, range = 20.51-57.32 years; 64% African American, 12% Caucasian, 24% other) and their 4-to 6-year-old children (43.5% male; M = 4.83, SD = .58, range = 4.83-6.92 years; 67% African American, 2% Caucasian, 31% other). Families were assessed during the summer at three urban shelters, with parents completing the Five-Minute Speech Sample (FMSS), later scored for criticism, negativity, and warmth, and interview items about EPV. Teachers were subsequently contacted in the fall about children's classroom behavior, and they provided ratings of peer relations. Demographic factors, parental internalizing symptoms, and observed parental harshness were examined as covariates. Regression analyses indicated an interaction of EPV and warmth, consistent with a moderating effect of expressed emotion for EPV and peer relations, although no interactions were found for criticism or negativity. Observed harshness also directly predicted worse peer relations. Parental warmth may be protective for positive peer relations among impoverished families with high levels of EPV. The FMSS is discussed as an efficient tool with potential for both basic clinical research and preventative interventions designed to target or assess change in parental expressed emotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela J Narayan
- a Institute of Child Development , University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
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