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Yu H, Sattanathan G, Yu L, Li L, Xiao Y. Impact of Nutritional Tea Polyphenols on Growth, Feed Efficiency, Biochemical Traits, Antioxidant Capacity, Haematological Parameters and Immunity in Coho Salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2104. [PMID: 39061566 PMCID: PMC11274171 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the impact of nutritional tea polyphenols (TPs) on body composition, growth, biochemical markers, antioxidant capacity, and hemato-immunological levels, a ten-week feeding experiment was carried out on coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch, 180.51 ± 0.15 g). The control group was fed a basal diet; the T1, T2, T3, and T4 groups were fed 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.04% TPs, respectively. These results demonstrate that adding TPs significantly (p < 0.05) increased the coho salmon fish's weight gain (WG), relative growth rate (RGR), condition factor (CF), feed efficacy (FE), daily growth rate (DGR), and specific growth rate (SGR). There was no discernible difference in the body compositions of the treated TPs and the control group (p > 0.05). In addition, the T3 group showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in GPT, LDL, HDL, TC, and CAT. Fish given a 0.02% diet containing TPs had significantly lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in their liver; yet, the TP-treated groups had higher levels of SOD and CAT than the control (p < 0.05). The data analysis shows a significant rise in lysozyme, respiratory burst activity, bactericidal activity, and blood hematological parameters in the 0.01-0.04% TP groups. According to these findings, TPs could be a useful dietary supplement for raising the antioxidant status, growth parameters, haemato-immunological response, and whole-body composition of coho salmon fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Weifang Key Laboratory of Coho Salmon Culturing Facility Engineering, Institute of Modern Facility Fisheries, College of Biology and Oceanography, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China; (G.S.); (L.Y.)
| | - Govindharajan Sattanathan
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Weifang Key Laboratory of Coho Salmon Culturing Facility Engineering, Institute of Modern Facility Fisheries, College of Biology and Oceanography, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China; (G.S.); (L.Y.)
| | - Leyong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Weifang Key Laboratory of Coho Salmon Culturing Facility Engineering, Institute of Modern Facility Fisheries, College of Biology and Oceanography, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China; (G.S.); (L.Y.)
| | - Lingyao Li
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Coho Salmon Health Culture Engineering Technology, Shandong Conqueren Marine Technology Co., Ltd., Weifang 261108, China;
- Conqueren Leading Fresh Science and Technology Inc., Ltd., Weifang 261205, China
| | - Yufang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Weifang Key Laboratory of Coho Salmon Culturing Facility Engineering, Institute of Modern Facility Fisheries, College of Biology and Oceanography, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China; (G.S.); (L.Y.)
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Zhang S, Xie H, Pan P, Wang Q, Yang B, Li Y, Wei Y, Sun Y, Wei Y, Jiang Q, Huang Y. EGCG alleviates heat-stress-induced fat deposition by targeting HSP70 through activation of AMPK-SIRT1-PGC-1α in porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116250. [PMID: 38705537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has emerged as a prominent global health concern, with heat stress posing a significant challenge to both human health and animal well-being. Despite a growing interest in environmental determinants of obesity, very few studies have examined the associations between heat stress-related environmental factors and adiposity. Consequently, there exists a clear need to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the obesogenic effects of heat stress and to formulate preventive strategies. This study focused on culturing porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes at 41.5 ℃ to induce heat stress, revealing that this stressor triggered apoptosis and fat deposition. Analysis demonstrated an upregulation in the expression of HSP70, BAX, adipogenesis-related genes (PPARγ, AP2, CEBPα and FAS), the p-AMPK/AMPK ratio and SIRT1, PGC-1α in the heat stress group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conversely, the expression of lipid lysis-related genes (ATGL, HSL and LPL) and Bcl-2 decreased in the heat stress group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, subsequent activator and/or inhibitor experiments validated that heat stress modulated HSP70 and AMPK signalling pathways to enhance lipogenesis and inhibit lipolysis in porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes. Importantly, this study reveals, for the first time, that EGCG mitigates heat-stress-induced fat deposition by targeting HSP70 through the activation of AMPK-SIRT1-PGC-1α in porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes. These findings elucidate the molecular mechanisms contributing to heat stress-induced obesity and provide a foundation for the potential clinical utilisation of EGCG as a preventive measure against both heat stress and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanbao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongyue Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Peng Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Bao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yangyang Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanjie Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yirong Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Qinyang Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yanna Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
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Ma YB, Zhou XQ, Jiang WD, Wu P, Liu Y, Li SW, Tang L, Zhang L, Mi HF, Feng L. Tea polyphenols protect against Flavobacterium columnare-induced gill injury via suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in grass carp. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127050. [PMID: 37742887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Flavobacterium columnare (F. columnare) is one of the deadliest fish pathogens causing bacterial gill rot disease in various freshwater fish species globally. Tea polyphenols (TPs) are an inexpensive product extracted from tea that have received much attention as a feed additive in aquaculture. The current study was designed to investigate the underlying mechanisms and protective effects of dietary TPs against F. columnare-induced gill injury via suppression of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in grass carp. TPs were not supplemented to the diet (control) and were supplemented at 40, 80, 120, 160 or 200 mg/kg diet. The feeding experiment was carried out for 60 days, followed by a 3-Day F. columnare challenge test. The results showed that 120 mg/kg TPs in the diet exerted the following five protective effects in fish gill: (1) control gill-rot disease and improved histopathology, (2) inhibit excessive apoptosis, (3) enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes and upregulate related gene expression via the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway, (4) increase the activity of immune enzymes, And (5) mediate inflammatory cytokine gene expression via the JAK/STAT3 pathway. Taken together, dietary supplementation with TPs is a compelling approach to protect the gill function of fish against F. columnare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Bin Ma
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Shu-Wei Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Tongwei Co., Ltd., Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hai-Feng Mi
- Tongwei Co., Ltd., Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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Gwon YG, Rod-In W, Lee HJ, Lee SM, Shin IS, Park WJ. Inhibitory effects of Oncorhynchus mykiss lipids in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells via suppression of NF-κB and MAPK pathways. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 144:109266. [PMID: 38043872 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Oncorhynchus mykiss, a significant aquaculture species, possesses compounds with numerous biological and pharmacological functions, including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-microbial, and anti-obesity effects. However, possible anti-inflammatory effects of lipids extracted from O. mykiss eggs on RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS have not been elucidated yet. The current study identified 13 fatty acids in lipids extracted from O. mykiss eggs that contained high amounts (51.92% of total fatty acids) of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially DHA (33.66%) and EPA (7.77%). These O. mykiss lipids (100-400 μg/mL) showed significant anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NO and iNOS expression in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. They also inhibited expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, while upregulating anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10, IL-11, and TGF-β. These lipids from O. mykiss effectively inhibited LPS-induced expression CD86 as a surface biomarker on RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, O. mykiss lipids suppressed phosphorylation of p38, JNK, and ERK1/2 and the expression of phosphorylated NF-κB subunit p65. These findings indicate that O. mykiss lipids possess anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Gu Gwon
- Department of Wellness-Bio Industry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, 25457, South Korea
| | - Weerawan Rod-In
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture Natural Resources and Environment, Nar-esuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand; Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, 25457, South Korea
| | - Ha Jun Lee
- Department of Wellness-Bio Industry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, 25457, South Korea
| | - Sang-Min Lee
- Department of Wellness-Bio Industry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, 25457, South Korea; Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, 25457, South Korea
| | - Il-Shik Shin
- Department of Wellness-Bio Industry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, 25457, South Korea; Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, 25457, South Korea
| | - Woo Jung Park
- Department of Wellness-Bio Industry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, 25457, South Korea; Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, 25457, South Korea.
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Deng H, Yue H, Ruan R, Ye H, Li Z, Li C. Dietary Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) Improves Nonspecific Immune Response of Chinese Rice Field Eel ( Monopterus albus). AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2023; 2023:6512136. [PMID: 38023985 PMCID: PMC10673671 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6512136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been recognized as a potential additive for aquafeeds due to its beneficial biological functions. In order to evaluate the potential application of EGCG in Chinese rice field eel (Monopterus albus), six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets containing 0, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg EGCG were formulated and were fed to Monopterus albus (M. albus) for 9 weeks. The results showed that M. albus fed diets containing 0 and 100 mg/kg EGCG presented higher weight again and specific growth rate than the other groups. Fish fed with 25, 50, and 400 mg/kg EGCG displayed lower whole-body lipid content. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentration significantly decreased in EGCG treated groups with the exception of 100 mg/kg group. Hepatic catalase (CAT) activity and glutathione (GSH) concentration decreased as EGCG level increased while malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration showed an opposite trend. EGCG supplementation resulted in a promoted lysozyme (LZM) activity and immunoglobulin M (IgM) level in the liver of M. albus. Furthermore, transcription of three immune related genes including major histocompatibility complex (mhc-2α), hepcidin, and interleukin-8 (il-8) mRNAs was upregulated by EGCG treatment; while transcription of interleukin-6 (il-6) and nuclear factor kappa-B (nf-kb) genes was downregulated. Results also showed a linear relation between EGCG inclusion level and parameters of AST, CAT, GSH, MDA, LZM, IgM, and immune-related genes transcriptions. In summary, it could be suggested that EGCG supplementation enhanced the nonspecific immune response of the Chinese rice field eel. Based on the broken-line regression analysis of IgM, the optimal dietary EGCG supplementation for M. albus was estimated to be 109.81 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Deng
- College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Huamei Yue
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Rui Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Chuangju Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
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Terzi F, Demirci B, Acar Ü, Yüksel S, Salum Ç, Erol HS, Kesbiç OS. Dietary effect of grape (Vitis vinifera) seed extract mitigates hepatic disorders caused by oxidized fish oil in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:441-454. [PMID: 37097349 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The major goal of this study was to determine the effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on liver damage in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) that was caused by the consumption of dietary oxidized fish oil (OFO). Rainbow trout were fed six different experimental diets coded OX-GSE 0 (OFO diet), OX-GSE 1 (OFO and 0.1% GSE), OX-GSE 3 (OFO and 0.3% GSE), GSE 0 (fresh fish oil and 0.0% GSE), GSE 1 (fresh fish oil and 0.1% GSE), and GSE 3 (fresh fish oil and 0.3% GSE) for 30 days. The lowest % hepatosomatic index (HSI) result was calculated in fish fed with OX-GSE 0 and the highest HSI was determined in fish fed with GSE 1 diets (p < 0.05). Histopathologically, hydropic degeneration in hepatocytes significantly increased OX-GSE 0 and GSE 3 compared to GSE 1 diets (p < 0.05). Deposition of lipid droplets in hepatocytes was significantly increased in OX-GSE 0 and OX-GSE 3 groups than others (p < 0.05). Liver biochemistry parameters such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly affected by OX and GSE treatments (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) among the liver enzymes analyzed in serum in OX and GSE (p < 0.05), meanwhile no difference was observed in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values between groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, liver biochemistry and histopathology of rainbow trout consuming diets containing oxidized fish oil were negatively affected. However, it was determined that the supplementation of 0.1% GSE to the diet had a significant ameliorative role in these adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Terzi
- Department of Pathology, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Beste Demirci
- Department of Anatomy, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Ümit Acar
- Department of Forestry, Bayramiç Vocational School, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17700, Çanakkale, Turkey
- Department of Marine Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Yüksel
- Department of Anatomy, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Çağatay Salum
- Department of Physiology, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | | | - Osman Sabri Kesbiç
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
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Kuduvalli SS, Daisy PS, Vaithy A, Purushothaman M, Ramachandran Muralidharan A, Agiesh KB, Mezger M, Antony JS, Subramani M, Dubashi B, Biswas I, Guruprasad KP, Anitha TS. A combination of metformin and epigallocatechin gallate potentiates glioma chemotherapy in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1096614. [PMID: 37025487 PMCID: PMC10070706 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1096614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most devastating high-grade tumor of the central nervous system, with dismal prognosis. Existing treatment modality does not provide substantial benefit to patients and demands novel strategies. One of the first-line treatments for glioma, temozolomide, provides marginal benefit to glioma patients. Repurposing of existing non-cancer drugs to treat oncology patients is gaining momentum in recent years. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic benefits of combining three repurposed drugs, namely, metformin (anti-diabetic) and epigallocatechin gallate (green tea-derived antioxidant) together with temozolomide in a glioma-induced xenograft rat model. Our triple-drug combination therapy significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo and increased the survival rate (50%) of rats when compared with individual or dual treatments. Molecular and cellular analyses revealed that our triple-drug cocktail treatment inhibited glioma tumor growth in rat model through ROS-mediated inactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, arrest of the cell cycle at G1 phase and induction of molecular mechanisms of caspases-dependent apoptosis.In addition, the docking analysis and quantum mechanics studies performed here hypothesize that the effect of triple-drug combination could have been attributed by their difference in molecular interactions, that maybe due to varying electrostatic potential. Thus, repurposing metformin and epigallocatechin gallate and concurrent administration with temozolomide would serve as a prospective therapy in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyas S. Kuduvalli
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, India
| | - Precilla S. Daisy
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, India
| | - Anandraj Vaithy
- Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, India
| | | | - Arumugam Ramachandran Muralidharan
- Department of Visual Neurosciences, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Eye-APC, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kumar B. Agiesh
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, India
| | - Markus Mezger
- University Children’s Hospital Tübingen, Department of General Paediatrics, Haematology /Oncology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Justin S. Antony
- University Children’s Hospital Tübingen, Department of General Paediatrics, Haematology /Oncology, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Biswajit Dubashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Indrani Biswas
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, India
| | - K. P. Guruprasad
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - T. S. Anitha
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, India
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Debbarma S, Acharya A, Mangang YA, Monsang SJ, Choudhury TG, Parhi J, Pandey PK. Immune-biochemical response and immune gene expression profiling of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed with ethanolic tea leaf extracts and its survivability against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 130:520-529. [PMID: 36167295 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the immunostimulatory effect of tea leaf extract (Camellia sinensis) on Labeo rohita and its resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. The ethanolic extract of green tea (GTEE) was found to be the most potent as compared to other solvent extract which was used for further study. It was used to evaluate immune-biochemical response of L. rohita fingerlings, fed with tea leaf extract (control- 0.0%, 0.2% (T1), 0.4% (T2), 0.8% (T3) and 1% (T4) of GTEE kg-1 feed). Different biochemical parameters like glucose, ALP, GPT, GOT, and immunological parameters like lysozyme activity, NBT, anti-protease activity, myeloperoxidase activity, plasma protein, and immune relevant genes (IL-10, C3, Lysozyme G type and iNOS) expressions were carried out. The immunological parameters such as lysozyme activity, NBT and myeloperoxidase activity showed significantly high value once fed with GTEE incorporated diets. Significant up-regulation of immune genes indicated the enhancement of immune response at molecular level. The biochemical parameters were found to be significantly decreasing, indicating that the extract had hepato-protective effect and can help to overcome stress. The fish, fed with GTEE incorporated diets, showed resistance against A. hydrophila when compared with the control group. 0.2% GTEE showed the highest post-challenged survival (76.67%). From the present study, it is concluded that GTEE @ 0.2% can be used as potent immunostimulant as a sustainable alternative prophylactic and therapeutic agent in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourabh Debbarma
- College of Fisheries, CAU, Lembucherra, Agartala, Tripura, 799210, India
| | - Arpit Acharya
- College of Fisheries, CAU, Lembucherra, Agartala, Tripura, 799210, India
| | | | | | | | - Janmejay Parhi
- College of Fisheries, CAU, Lembucherra, Agartala, Tripura, 799210, India
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Wang YL, Liang P, Wu JN, Zheng T, Xie JH, Pang J. Blackening and blackening control of litopenaeus vannamei during storage at low temperature. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2021.2021994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li Wang
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutriton, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peng Liang
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutriton, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Na Wu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Medicinal Natural Products Resources, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Antibiotic Laboratory, Fujian Institute for Food and Drug Quality Control, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian Hua Xie
- College of Food Engineering, Zhangzhou Institute of Technology, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Jie Pang
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutriton, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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10
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Choosing the appropriate wall materials for spray-drying microencapsulation of natural bioactive ingredients: Taking phenolic compounds as examples. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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11
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Du YN, Han JR, Yin ZK, Yan JN, Jiang XY, Wu HT. Conjugation of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate and protein isolate from large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) roe: improvement of antioxidant activity and structural characteristics. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:5948-5955. [PMID: 33838054 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) roe is the main by-product in the processing of large yellow croaker. Previous studies have found that its protein isolates are composed of vitellogenin, as well as vitellogenin B and C, having good functional properties. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a natural antioxidant component that can be combined with protein to improve antioxidant activity and structural characteristics of protein. RESULTS EGCG was bound with the P. crocea roe protein isolate (pcRPI) by the free radical method to prepare the conjugate. The formation of pcRPI-EGCG conjugates was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel permeation chromatography, which showed that the calculated weight-average molar masses of native-pcRPI and pcRPI-EGCG conjugates were 86.9 and 215.3 kDa, respectively. The results of fluorescence, ultraviolet, circular and infrared spectra indicated that the conjugation of EGCG with native-pcRPI changed the secondary and tertiary structure of native-pcRPI. The pcRPI-EGCG conjugates exhibited higher thermal stability than native-pcRPI. The radical scavenging and reducing power of native-pcRPI were increased by 2.0-2.5- and 1.4-fold, respectively, after the EGCG-grafting reaction. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the binding of pcRPI and EGCG effectively improved the antioxidant properties and structural characteristics of the pcRPI. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Nan Du
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Jia-Run Han
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhi-Kang Yin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Jia-Nan Yan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Xin-Yu Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian, China
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12
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Barbasz A, Czyżowska A, Piergies N, Oćwieja M. Design cytotoxicity: The effect of silver nanoparticles stabilized by selected antioxidants on melanoma cells. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:570-587. [PMID: 34558088 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) prepared and stabilized by diverse biologically active substances seem to be especially useful in diverse biological and medical applications. The combination of AgNPs with bioactive substances, such as antioxidants, can lead to the development of new systems of desired anticancer properties. In this research, AgNPs were prepared with the use of diverse antioxidant combinations including gallic acid (GA), (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and caffeine (CAF). The insightful physicochemical characteristic revealed that each type of AgNPs exhibited spherical shape, comparable size distribution and negative surface charge. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) delivered the information about the chemistry of AgNP stabilizing layers, which turned out to be a crucial factor tuning toxicity of AgNPs toward murine B16 melanoma cells (B16-F0) and human skin melanoma (COLO 679) cells. EGCGAgNPs were the most cytotoxic among all the investigated AgNPs. They strongly reduced the activity of mitochondria, damaged cell membrane integrity, and penetrated inside the cells causing DNA damage. In turn, the toxicity of GAAgNPs strongly manifested via the induction of oxidative stress in the cells. It was found that CAFGAAgNPs exhibited the lowest toxicity toward the melanoma cells, which proved that a proper combination of antioxidants enable to prepare AgNPs of differentiated toxicity. It was established that human skin melanoma cells were significantly more sensitive to AgNPs than the murine melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barbasz
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Natalia Piergies
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Oćwieja
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
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Dietary Natural Plant Extracts Can Promote Growth and Modulate Oxidative Status of Senegalese Sole Postlarvae under Standard/Challenge Conditions. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051398. [PMID: 34068939 PMCID: PMC8156806 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Oxidative stress has a direct impact on the welfare of fish, affecting growth performance and health status. Natural plant extracts present a high antioxidant capacity, due to a diversity and abundant content of polyphenols. Thus, the aim of this work was to identify if plant extracts, such as curcumin, green tea, and grape seeds, can promote oxidative status, and ultimately, enhance the growth and physiological stress response of postlarvae. Our results showed that plant extracts can improve the growth and oxidative status of the fish. Moreover, they may help fish to cope under stressful conditions. Dietary formulations with natural supplements may be a viable strategy to improve fish robustness during early life stages, and can therefore contribute to the development of aquafeeds and promote the sustainability of aquaculture production. Abstract Plant extracts are known for their high content and diversity of polyphenols, which can improve fish oxidative status. A growth trial with Senegalese sole postlarvae (45 days after hatching) fed with one of four experimental diets—control (CTRL), and supplemented with curcumin (CC), green tea (GT), and grape seed (GS) extracts—was performed to assess if supplementation could improve growth performance and oxidative status. At the end of the growth trial, postlarvae were submitted to a thermal stress to assess their robustness. Sole growth was improved by CC and GS diets when compared to those fed the CTRL. CC and CTRL postlarvae presented the lowest oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation values). Stress-related biomarkers (heat shock protein 70 and glutathione-S-transferase) decreased in CC fish compared to those fed the CTRL diet, which might be due to a direct antioxidant capacity. In contrast, oxidative damage increased in GT and GS sole reared in standard conditions. However, after a thermal stress, GT and GS diets prevented the increase of protein carbonylation content and the decrease of antioxidant glutathione, depending on exposure time. Overall, dietary supplementation with natural extracts modulated oxidative status and stress response after a short/long-term exposure to temperature.
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Lee H, Kim JH, Park HJ, Kang JC. Toxic effects of dietary copper and EGCG on bioaccumulation, antioxidant enzyme and immune response of Korean bullhead, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 111:119-126. [PMID: 33503474 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There are few reports of dietary Cu (copper) toxicity to Korean bullhead, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco, and little is known about recovery from dietary Cu exposure. In this study, P. fulvidraco (mean length 16.9 ± 1.38 cm, and mean weight 53.2 ± 1.22 g) were exposed for 4 weeks to dietary Cu concentration of 0 (control), 700, 900, and 1100 mg Cu kg-1 dry feed to establish maximum tolerable levels of dietary Cu. All fish were then fed the dietary EGCG (Epigallocatechin gallate) concentration of 100 and 500 mg EGCG kg-1 dry feed for a further 2 weeks to assess recovery. We were measured bioaccumulation (in the intestine, liver, and gill tissue), antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) and immune responses (lysozyme and phagocytosis). The Cu exposure induced a significant accumulation in the intestine, liver, and gill tissues and the highest accumulation was observed in intestinal tissues (17-34 fold), but dietary EGCG exposure decreased (about 0.8-fold) Cu concentration in each tissue (ANOVA, P < 0.05). In antioxidant enzymes, SOD and CAT significantly increased by approximately 1.6-fold by dietary Cu exposure in the liver and gill tissue, respectively, but dietary EGCG exposure decreased SOD and CAT by about 1.1-fold, respectively (ANOVA, P < 0.05). For immune responses, lysozyme and phagocytosis in the blood significantly were decreased by approximately 1.5-fold, respectively, by dietary Cu exposure, but dietary EGCG exposure increased lysozyme and phagocytosis by about 1.1-fold, respectively (ANOVA, P < 0.05). During recovery period, bioaccumulation, antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT activity), and immune response (lysozyme and phagocytosis activity) tended to alleviate the significant changes by Cu exposure, and the tendency to return normal state was observed in high level of EGCG. The result of this study indicate that Cu exposure to P. fulvidraco affects bioaccumulation, antioxidant enzymes, and immune responses, and high level of EGCG were effective to alleviate the toxic effects of Cu exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huisu Lee
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Kim
- West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Taean, Republic of Korea; Department of Aquatic Life and Medical Science, Sun Moon University, Assn-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Ju Park
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Chan Kang
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Henríquez G, Gomez A, Guerrero E, Narayan M. Potential Role of Natural Polyphenols against Protein Aggregation Toxicity: In Vitro, In Vivo, and Clinical Studies. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2915-2934. [PMID: 32822152 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main features of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease is the amyloidogenic behavior of disease-specific proteins including amyloid β, tau, α-synuclein, and mutant Huntingtin which participate in the formation, accumulation, and deposition of toxic misfolded aggregates. Consequently, these proteins not only associated with the progress of their respective neurodegenerative pathologies but also qualify as disease-specific biomarkers. The aim of using natural polyphenols is to target amyloid-dependent proteopathies by decreasing free radical damage and inhibiting and dissolving amyloid fibrils. We explore the effectiveness of the polyphenols epigallocatechin-3-gallate, oleuropein aglycone, and quercetin on their ability to inhibit aggregation of amyloid β, tau, and α-synuclein and mitigate other pathological features for Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The analysis was carried from in vitro and cell line studies to animal models and clinical trials. This Review describes the use of phytochemical compounds as prophylactic agents for Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other proteopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Henríquez
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Alejandra Gomez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Erick Guerrero
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Mahesh Narayan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
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16
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Kim B, Kim SH, Kim K, An YH, So KH, Kim BG, Hwang N. Enzyme-mediated one-pot synthesis of hydrogel with the polyphenol cross-linker for skin regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2020; 8:100079. [PMID: 33103105 PMCID: PMC7575804 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols can trigger immunity that activates intracellular anti-inflammatory signaling and prevents external infections. In this study, we report the fabrication of chitosan-based hydrogels with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) using enzyme-mediated one-pot synthesis. The tyrosinase-mediated oxidative reaction of the phenolic rings of EGCG with the primary amines on chitosan results in stable EGCG-chitosan hydrogels. The EGCG concentrations contributed to the cross-linking density and physical properties of EGCG-chitosan hydrogels. Furthermore, EGCG-chitosan hydrogels maintained intrinsic properties such as antibacterial and antioxidant effects. When endotoxin-activated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were cultured with EGCG-chitosan hydrogels, the hydrogels reduced the inflammatory response of the RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, subcutaneous implantation of EGCG-chitosan hydrogels reduced endogenous macrophage and monocyte activation. When the EGCG-chitosan hydrogels were applied to a full-skin defect wound, they facilitated skin regeneration. Our study demonstrates that the one-pot synthesized EGCG-chitosan hydrogels can be applied in broad tissue regeneration applications that require immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.S. Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - S.-H. Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - K. Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Y.-H. An
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - K.-H. So
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - B.-G. Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - N.S. Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
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17
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Van Doan H, Hoseinifar SH, Sringarm K, Jaturasitha S, Yuangsoi B, Dawood MAO, Esteban MÁ, Ringø E, Faggio C. Effects of Assam tea extract on growth, skin mucus, serum immunity and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Streptococcus agalactiae. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:428-435. [PMID: 31362090 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the possible effects of Assam tea (Camellia sinensis) extract (ATE) on growth performances, immune responses, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus against Streptococcus agalactiae. Five levels of ATE were supplemented into the based diet at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 g kg-1 feed of Nile tilapia fingerlings (10.9 ± 0.04 g initial weight) in triplicate. After four and eight weeks of feeding, fish were sampled to determine the effects of the tea supplements upon their growth performance, as well as serum and mucosal immune responses. A disease challenge using S. agalactiae was conducted at the end of the feeding trial. Fish fed ATE revealed significantly improved serum lysozyme, peroxidase, alternative complement (ACH50), phagocytosis, and respiratory burst activities compared to the basal control fed fish (P < 0.05). The mucus lysozyme and peroxidase activities were ameliorated through ATE supplementation in the tilapia diets. Supplementation of ATE significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate; while a decreased feed conversion ratio was revealed at 2 g kg-1 inclusion level, after four and eight weeks. Challenge test showed that the relative percent survival (RSP) of fish in each treatment was 33.33%, 60.00%, 83.33%, 76.68%, and 66.68% in groups fed 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 g kg-1, respectively. In summary, diets supplemented with ATE especially at 2 g kg-1 increased the humoral and mucosal immunity, enhanced growth performance, and offered higher resistance against S. agalactiae infection in Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Korawan Sringarm
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sanchai Jaturasitha
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Bundit Yuangsoi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Maria Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Einar Ringø
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Bioscience, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31 98166, S. Agata, Messina, Italy
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18
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Safari F, Rabieepor M, Jamalomidi F, Baghaeifar Z, Khodaei L. Evaluation of Anti-cancer and Pro-apoptotic Activities of Iranian Green Tea Extract Against A549,PC3, and MCF-7 Cancer Cell Lines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BASIC SCIENCE IN MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/ijbsm.2019.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Green tea contains active polyphenols including catechins. The goal of the current study was to evaluate anti-cancer effects of Iranian green tea extract (IGTE) on 3 human cancer cell lines including A549, PC3, and MCF-7. Methods: First, Camellia sinensis was obtained from Lahijan, a city in the north of Iran and then IGTE was prepared. Next, catechins of IGTE were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Finally, the cell viability of different cancer cells was evaluated by treatment with IGTE at concentration between 100 and 1000 µg/mL for 72 hours using MTT assay. Cell death of treated cancer cells was assessed by DAPI staining and RT-PCR method. Results: Our results demonstrated the potential anti-tumor activity of IGTE on MCF-7 cells (IC50= 400 µM), A549 cells (IC50= 500 µM), and PC3 cells (IC50= 600 µM), respectively. Chromatin damages within the nucleus of the treated cancer cells were shown. In addition, we found that IGTE induced apoptosis by up-regulation of Bax (a pro-apoptotic protein) and down-regulation of Bcl2 (an anti-apoptotic protein). Conclusion: Herein, we showed that IGTE is a potent natural product with anti-tumor activity on breast, lung, and prostate cancer cells. The efficacy of current therapies against cancer is limited by a range of adverse effects, toxicity, and drug resistance; therefore, new therapeutic strategies and more effective agents, particularly with natural origin, are desired and green tea may be a potent candidate in the field of cancer therapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Safari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Jamalomidi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Baghaeifar
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Khodaei
- Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
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19
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Marwah M, Perrie Y, Badhan RKS, Lowry D. Intracellular uptake of EGCG-loaded deformable controlled release liposomes for skin cancer. J Liposome Res 2019; 30:136-149. [PMID: 31010367 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2019.1604746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Caucasian population groups have a higher propensity to develop skin cancer, and associated clinical interventions often present substantial financial burden on healthcare services. Conventional treatments are often not suitable for all patient groups as a result of poor efficacy and toxicity profiles. The primary objective of this study was to develop a deformable liposomal formulation, the properties of which being dictated by the surfactant Tween 20, for the dermal cellular delivery of epigallocatechin gallatein (EGCG), a compound possessing antineoplastic properties. The results demonstrated a significant (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in liposome deformability index (74 ± 8 to 37 ± 7) as Tween 20 loading increased from 0 to 10% w/w, indicating an increase in elasticity. EGCG release over 24-h demonstrated Tween 20 incorporation directly increased release from 13.7% ± 1.1% to 94.4% ± 4.9% (for 0 and 10% w/w Tween 20 respectively). Finally, we demonstrated DilC-loaded deformable liposomes were localized intracellularly within human dermal fibroblast and keratinocyte cells within 2 h. Thus, it was evident that deformable liposomes may aid drug penetration into dermal cells and would be useful in developing a controlled-release formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Marwah
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Y Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - R K S Badhan
- Life and Health Sciences, Aston University Aston Health Research Group, Birmingham, UK
| | - D Lowry
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
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20
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Molecular Targets of Epigallocatechin-Gallate (EGCG): A Special Focus on Signal Transduction and Cancer. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121936. [PMID: 30563268 PMCID: PMC6315581 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea is a beverage that is widely consumed worldwide and is believed to exert effects on different diseases, including cancer. The major components of green tea are catechins, a family of polyphenols. Among them, epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant and biologically active. EGCG is widely studied for its anti-cancer properties. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms explaining its action have not been completely understood, yet. EGCG is effective in vivo at micromolar concentrations, suggesting that its action is mediated by interaction with specific targets that are involved in the regulation of crucial steps of cell proliferation, survival, and metastatic spread. Recently, several proteins have been identified as EGCG direct interactors. Among them, the trans-membrane receptor 67LR has been identified as a high affinity EGCG receptor. 67LR is a master regulator of many pathways affecting cell proliferation or apoptosis, also regulating cancer stem cells (CSCs) activity. EGCG was also found to be interacting directly with Pin1, TGFR-II, and metalloproteinases (MMPs) (mainly MMP2 and MMP9), which respectively regulate EGCG-dependent inhibition of NF-kB, epithelial-mesenchimal transaction (EMT) and cellular invasion. EGCG interacts with DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), which modulates epigenetic changes. The bulk of this novel knowledge provides information about the mechanisms of action of EGCG and may explain its onco-suppressive function. The identification of crucial signalling pathways that are related to cancer onset and progression whose master regulators interacts with EGCG may disclose intriguing pharmacological targets, and eventually lead to novel combined treatments in which EGCG acts synergistically with known drugs.
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Shirakami Y, Shimizu M. Possible Mechanisms of Green Tea and Its Constituents against Cancer. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092284. [PMID: 30205425 PMCID: PMC6225266 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of epidemiological, clinical, and experimental researches have indicated that administration of green tea appears to have anti-cancer activity. According to findings of laboratory cell culture studies, a diverse mechanism has been observed underlying the effects of green tea catechins against cancer. These mechanisms include anti-oxidant activity, cell cycle regulation, receptor tyrosine kinase pathway inhibition, immune system modulation, and epigenetic modification control. This review discusses the results of these studies to provide more insight into the effects of green tea administration on cancers observed to date in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Shirakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
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22
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Kim E, Hwang K, Lee J, Han SY, Kim EM, Park J, Cho JY. Skin Protective Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E173. [PMID: 29316635 PMCID: PMC5796122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a catechin and an abundant polyphenol in green tea. Although several papers have evaluated EGCG as a cosmetic constituent, the skin hydration effect of EGCG is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the mechanism by which EGCG promotes skin hydration by measuring hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS) and hyaluronidase (HYAL) gene expression and antioxidant and anti-pigmentation properties using cell proliferation assay, Western blotting analysis, luciferase assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. RT-PCR showed that EGCG increased the expression of natural moisturizing factor-related genes filaggrin (FLG), transglutaminase-1, HAS-1, and HAS-2. Under UVB irradiation conditions, the expression level of HYAL was decreased in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, we confirmed the antioxidant activity of EGCG and also showed a preventive effect against radical-evoked apoptosis by downregulation of caspase-8 and -3 in HaCaT cells. EGCG reduced melanin secretion and production in melanoma cells. Together, these results suggest that EGCG might be used as a cosmetic ingredient with positive effects on skin hydration, moisture retention, and wrinkle formation, in addition to radical scavenging activity and reduction of melanin generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Kyeonghwan Hwang
- Heritage Material Research Team, Amorepacific Research and Development Unit, Yongin 17074, Korea.
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Sang Yun Han
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Heritage Material Research Team, Amorepacific Research and Development Unit, Yongin 17074, Korea.
| | - Junseong Park
- Heritage Material Research Team, Amorepacific Research and Development Unit, Yongin 17074, Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
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Hasanpour S, Salati AP, Falahatkar B, Azarm HM. Effects of dietary green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) supplementation on growth performance, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant status in a sturgeon hybrid of Sterlet (Huso huso ♂ × Acipenser ruthenus ♀) fed oxidized fish oil. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:1315-1323. [PMID: 28488192 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-017-0374-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipid content of diet is very susceptible to oxidation, especially when stored for a long time, so for evaluating protective effects of green tea in fish received oxidized oil, this study was done. Lipid content of diet was replaced by oxidized fish oil (OFO) in 0, 50, and 100%. Green tea extract (GTE) was added to diet in three levels, 0, 5, and 100 mg/kg giving a total of nine experimental diets. Two hundred and seventy sturgeon hybrid of Sterlet (Huso huso ♀ × Acipenser ruthenus ♂) with initial weight of 212.6 ± 0.7 g after 2 weeks adaptation randomly divided in 27 fiberglass tanks with 700 L volume. Fish were fed satiated three times daily. After 6 weeks, biometry was done to evaluate growth performance and blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis. The result showed that feeding with oxidized oil had no effects on growth. However, in fish fed GTE, growth indices improved slightly. Feeding with OFO reduced serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and low-density lipoprotein, while increased high density lipoprotein. Dietary GTE moderated the effects of OFO on lipid metabolism. Feeding with the OFO increased activity of serum superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde contents. In fish received both OFO and GTE, reduced activity of serum antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde content was recorded in compare to fish fed only OFO. According to the result of the present study, it can be argued that feeding of sturgeon hybrid of Sterlet with OFO has negative effects on lipid metabolism and antioxidant status, whereas GTE dosages used in this study have protective effects on fish from the adverse effects of oxidized oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soleiman Hasanpour
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, PO Box: 699, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | - Amir Parviz Salati
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, PO Box: 699, Khorramshahr, Iran.
| | - Bahram Falahatkar
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran
- Department of Marine Sciences, The Caspian Sea Basin Research Center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
| | - Hamid Mohammadi Azarm
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, PO Box: 699, Khorramshahr, Iran
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Zhang C, Suen CLC, Yang C, Quek SY. Antioxidant capacity and major polyphenol composition of teas as affected by geographical location, plantation elevation and leaf grade. Food Chem 2017; 244:109-119. [PMID: 29120758 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.09.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Tea polyphenols have been a topic of discussion due to their health benefits. Nevertheless, detailed studies on the antioxidant capacity and polyphenol contents of teas in relation to factors including geographical locations, plantation elevations and leaf grades have been limited. In this study, 53 tea samples were analysed to determine the individual and total catechin and theaflavin contents by HPLC and the total antioxidant capacity by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) methods. Results show that the polyphenol (catechins and theaflavins) contents were significantly influenced by plantation location. Black tea from low plantation elevation contained 22-28% more polyphenols than those from high elevation. Small tea leaves had up to 15% more polyphenols than larger leaves from similar elevation. The results were further confirmed by Principal Composition Analysis (PCA), which grouped the black and green tea samples into 3 different clusters, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Zhang
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Claire Li-Chieh Suen
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Chao Yang
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Siew Young Quek
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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25
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Rashidi B, Malekzadeh M, Goodarzi M, Masoudifar A, Mirzaei H. Green tea and its anti-angiogenesis effects. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:949-956. [PMID: 28292023 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new blood vessels from a pre-existing vasculature (also known as angiogenesis) is required for many physiological processes including embryogenesis and post-natal growth. However, pathological angiogenesis is also a hallmark of cancer and many ischaemic and inflammatory diseases. The pro-angiogenic members of the VEGF family (vascular endothelial growth factor family), VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D and placental growth factor (PlGF), and the related receptors, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 have a central and decisive role in angiogenesis. Indeed, they are the targets for anti-angiogenic drugs currently approved. Green tea (from the Camellia sinensis plant) is one of the most popular beverages in the world. It is able to inhibit angiogenesis by different mechanisms such as microRNAs (miRNAs). Green tea and its polyphenolic substances (like catechins) show chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic features in various types of cancer and experimental models for human cancers. The tea catechins, including (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have multiple effects on the cellular proteome and signalome. Note that the polyphenolic compounds from green tea are able to change the miRNA expression profile associated with angiogenesis in various cancer types. This review focuses on the ability of the green tea constituents to suppress angiogenesis signaling and it summarizes the mechanisms by which EGCG might inhibit the VEGF family. We also highlighted the miRNAs affected by green tea which are involved in anti-angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Rashidi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Malekzadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Goodarzi
- Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven - KULeuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Aria Masoudifar
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zheng Q, Han C, Zhong Y, Wen R, Zhong M. Effects of dietary supplementation with green tea waste on growth, digestive enzyme and lipid metabolism of juvenile hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:361-371. [PMID: 27638477 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0292-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with green tea waste (GTW) on growth, digestive enzyme and lipid metabolism of juvenile hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus. The fish (initial mean body weight, 12.63 ± 0.75 g) were fed five experimental diets that included 0 (control), 0.8, 1.6, 3.2 or 6.4 % of GTW in triplicate aquaria, twice daily. Growth performance, plasma metabolites content and liver and intestine digestive enzyme activities were determined. Fish accepted well all experimental diets during the trial, and no mortality was observed. The weight gain increased (P < 0.05) with the increase in GTW inclusion level up to 1.6 %, after which it decreased, but no significant differences between the control and high level (3.2 or 6.4 % of GTW) groups were observed. Moreover, fish fed on diets containing 0.8 and 1.6 % GTW had lower feed conversion ratio (FCR, 1.75 and 1.73, respectively) and had better protein deposition (higher protein efficiency ratio, PER, 1.73 and 1.71, respectively), compared to other treatments. No differences among groups were observed in whole body and dorsal muscle composition with the exception of lipid content which was lower in fish fed 6.4 % GTW diets, compared to other treatments. Lipase activities in liver or intestine were higher in fish fed GTW-supplemented diets with the exception of intestine lipase activities, which was unaffected, compared to the control. Similarly, liver lipoprotein lipase activities were also increased in fish fed diets supplemented a medium dose of GTW (1.6 or 3.2 %), compared to other treatments. However, intestine amylase activities were decreased in fish fed diets containing a high dose of GTW (3.2 and 6.4 %); while the liver amylase activities were unaffected by the GTW supplementation. Blood chemistry parameters were affected by GTW inclusion, except the values of triglycerides, which was unaffected. The values of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol increased with increasing GTW inclusion level up to 3.2 %, after which the values decreased. These results indicate that diets supplemented with appropriate concentration of GTW (from 0.8 to 1.6 %) may potentially serve as an effective functional food and additive for tilapia to improve growth performance, digestion efficacy and fat metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmei Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chunyan Han
- School of Life Sciences, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanmei Zhong
- School of Life Sciences, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, Guangdong, China
| | - Rushu Wen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- School of Life Sciences, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, Guangdong, China
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27
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Guo L, Guo J, Zhu W, Jiang X. Optimized synchronous extraction process of tea polyphenols and polysaccharides from Huaguoshan Yunwu tea and their antioxidant activities. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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28
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Zhong J, Xu C, Reece EA, Yang P. The green tea polyphenol EGCG alleviates maternal diabetes-induced neural tube defects by inhibiting DNA hypermethylation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 215:368.e1-368.e10. [PMID: 26979632 PMCID: PMC5270539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal diabetes increases the risk of neural tube defects in offspring. Our previous study demonstrated that the green tea polyphenol, Epigallocatechin gallate, inhibits high glucose-induced neural tube defects in cultured embryos. However, the therapeutic effect of Epigallocatechin gallate on maternal diabetes-induced neural tube defects is still unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine whether Epigallocatechin gallate treatment can reduce maternal diabetes-induced DNA methylation and neural tube defects. STUDY DESIGN Nondiabetic and diabetic pregnant mice at embryonic day 5.5 were given drinking water with or without 1 or 10 μM Epigallocatechin gallate. At embryonic day 8.75, embryos were dissected from the visceral yolk sac for the measurement of the levels and activity of DNA methyltransferases, the levels of global DNA methylation, and methylation in the CpG islands of neural tube closure essential gene promoters. embryonic day 10.5 embryos were examined for neural tube defect incidence. RESULTS Epigallocatechin gallate treatment did not affect embryonic development because embryos from nondiabetic dams treated with Epigallocatechin gallate did not exhibit any neural tube defects. Treatment with 1 μM Epigallocatechin gallate did not reduce maternal diabetes-induced neural tube defects significantly. Embryos from diabetic dams treated with 10 μM Epigallocatechin gallate had a significantly lower neural tube defect incidence compared with that of embryos without Epigallocatechin gallate treatment. Epigallocatechin gallate reduced neural tube defect rates from 29.5% to 2%, an incidence that is comparable with that of embryos from nondiabetic dams. Ten micromoles of Epigallocatechin gallate treatment blocked maternal diabetes-increased DNA methyltransferases 3a and 3b expression and their activities, leading to the suppression of global DNA hypermethylation. Additionally, 10 μM Epigallocatechin gallate abrogated maternal diabetes-increased DNA methylation in the CpG islands of neural tube closure essential genes, including Grhl3, Pax3, and Tulp3. CONCLUSION Epigallocatechin gallate reduces maternal diabetes-induced neural tube defects formation and blocks the enhanced expression and activity of DNA methyltransferases, leading to the suppression of DNA hypermethylation and the restoration of neural tube closure essential gene expression. These observations suggest that Epigallocatechin gallate supplements could mitigate the teratogenic effects of hyperglycemia on the developing embryo and prevent diabetes-induced neural tube defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiang Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - E Albert Reece
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Peixin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
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Vallejos-Vidal E, Reyes-López F, Teles M, MacKenzie S. The response of fish to immunostimulant diets. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 56:34-69. [PMID: 27389620 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to maintain fish health and to improve performance immunostimulants have been used as dietary additives to improve weight gain, feed efficiency, and/or disease resistance in cultured fish. In aquaculture, non-specific immunostimulants have been widely used probably due to the limited knowledge of the immune response in fish and the ease of their application. Many studies have been carried out to assess the effect of dietary immunostimulants in fish including algal derivatives, herb and plant extract containing diets using a wide range of downstream analytical techniques. Many immunostimulants are based upon tradition and folklore transferred through generations and specific to certain geographical regions rather than known biological properties. However, there are studies in which it is possible to observe a clear and direct dose-dependent stimulatory effect upon the immune system. Other dietary supplements used contain PAMPs (Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns) as immunostimulants whose recognition depends upon PRR (pathogen recognition receptor) interactions including the TLRs (Toll-like receptor). Despite the growing interest in the use of immunostimulants across the aquaculture industry the underlying mechanisms of ligand recognition, extract composition and activation of the fish immune response remains fragmented. In this review we focus upon the last 15 years of studies addressing the assessment of: (1) plant, herb and algae extracts; and (2) PAMPs, upon non-specific immune parameters of activation and immunostimulant diet efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Vallejos-Vidal
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Felipe Reyes-López
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mariana Teles
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Simon MacKenzie
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA Stirling, UK.
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Makiuchi T, Sobue T, Kitamura T, Ishihara J, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Sasazuki S, Yamaji T, Shimazu T, Tsugane S. Association between green tea/coffee consumption and biliary tract cancer: A population-based cohort study in Japan. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:76-83. [PMID: 26530716 PMCID: PMC4724819 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Green tea and coffee consumption may decrease the risk of some types of cancers. However, their effects on biliary tract cancer (BTC) have been poorly understood. In this population‐based prospective cohort study in Japan, we investigated the association of green tea (total green tea, Sencha, and Bancha/Genmaicha) and coffee consumption with the risk for BTC and its subtypes, gallbladder cancer, and extrahepatic bile duct cancer. The hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model. A total of 89 555 people aged 45–74 years were enrolled between 1995 and 1999 and followed up for 1 138 623 person‐years until 2010, during which 284 cases of BTC were identified. Consumption of >720 mL/day green tea was significantly associated with decreased risk compared with consumption of ≤120 mL/day (hazard ratio = 0.67 [95% confidence interval, 0.46–0.97]), and a non‐significant trend of decreased risk associated with increased consumption was observed (P‐trend = 0.095). In the analysis according to the location of the primary tumor, consuming >120 mL green tea tended to be associated with decreased risk of gallbladder cancer and extrahepatic bile duct cancer. When Sencha and Bancha/Genmaicha were analyzed separately, we observed a non‐significant trend of decreased risk of BTC associated with Sencha but no association with Bancha/Genmaicha. For coffee, there was no clear association with biliary tract, gallbladder, or extrahepatic bile duct cancer. Our findings suggest that high green tea consumption may lower the risk of BTC, and the effect may be attributable to Sencha consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Makiuchi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Sobue
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tetsuhisa Kitamura
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Junko Ishihara
- Graduate School of Nutrition Science, Sagami Women's University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuka Sasazuki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Wang H, Liu W, Yu F, Lu L. Identification of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate as a potential agent for blocking infection by grass carp reovirus. Arch Virol 2016; 161:1053-9. [PMID: 26758731 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-2751-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Grass carp reovirus (GCRV), the representative strain of the species Aquareovirus C, serves as a model for studying the pathogenesis of aquareoviruses. Previously, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was shown to inhibit orthoreovirus infection. The aim of this study was to test its potential in blocking infection by GCRV. We show that adhesion to the CIK (Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney) cell surface by GCRV particles is inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by EGCG, as well as by a crude extract of green tea. We also evaluated the safety of EGCG and green tea extract using CIK cells, and the results suggest that EGCG is a promising compound that may be developed as a plant-derived small molecular therapeutic agent against grass carp hemorrhagic disease caused by GCRV infection. As the ligand for the 37/67-kDa laminin receptor (LamR), EGCG's blocking effect on GCRV attachment was associated with the binding potential of GCRV particles to LamR, which was inferred from a VOPBA assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Weisha Liu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Yu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Borato DG, Scoparo CT, Maria-Ferreira D, da Silva LM, de Souza LM, Iacomini M, Werner MFDP, Baggio CH. Healing mechanisms of the hydroalcoholic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) on chronic gastric ulcers. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2015; 389:259-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1200-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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33
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Zhang Y, Duan W, Owusu L, Wu D, Xin Y. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces the apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma LM6 cells but not non-cancerous liver cells. Int J Mol Med 2014; 35:117-24. [PMID: 25370579 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a constituent of green tea and has been associated with anticancer activity. In the present study, the inhibitory effect of EGCG on human hepatocellular cancer cells was examined by cell viability assay, in vitro apoptosis assay and cell cycle analysis. In addition, gene expression was measured to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of action of EGCG by mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) determination and western blot analysis. We demonstrated that EGCG induced apoptosis, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and promoted G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest of HCCLM6 cells but not that of non-cancerous liver cells (HL-7702). The EGCG-induced apoptosis of HCCLM6 cells was associated with a significant decrease in Bcl-2 and NF-κB expression. In addition, the expression of Bax, p53, caspase-9 and caspase-3 increased, and cytochrome c was released. These results suggest that EGCG inhibits the progression of cancer through cytocidal activity and that it is a potential therapeutic compound for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Lawrence Owusu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Dachang Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Yi Xin
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
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Scoparo CT, Borato DG, Souza LM, Dartora N, Silva LM, Maria-Ferreira D, Sassaki GL, Gorin PAJ, Baggio CH, Iacomini M. Gastroprotective bio-guiding fractionation of hydro-alcoholic extracts from green- and black-teas (Camellia sinensis). Food Res Int 2014; 64:577-586. [PMID: 30011691 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hydro-alcoholic extracts from leaves of Camellia sinensis (green- and black-tea leaves) were submitted to a fractionation, promoting the compound separation according to their polarity, and analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. A wide range of compounds could be identified, such as catechins and their gallate (esters) or oxidation derivatives (theaflavins), glycosylated flavonoids and other phenolics, as well as lipids, saponins and alkaloids. Also have been developed, via bio-guided examination, the gastroprotective property of the compounds identified. The samples were assayed using the model of acute gastric lesions induced in rats by ethanol. Hydro-alcoholic extracts of green-tea and black-tea protected the gastric mucosa with ED50=3.6 and 10.2mg/kg, respectively, with participation of gastric mucus and reduced glutathione (GSH). The ethyl acetate fraction from green-tea and aqueous fraction from black-tea were, respectively, 6 and 10 times more effectiveness than the initial extracts. Moreover, the epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG, 0.204mg/kg), a main component of ethyl acetate fraction from green tea, reduced the gastric lesion by 56% and restored the mucus levels, however the rutin (0.0133mg/kg), a flavonoid found in the most active fraction of black-tea, was less significant at the natural concentrations. These results have confirmed that the different compounds present in green- and black-tea hydro-alcoholic extracts and partitioned fractions produce relevant gastroprotection mainly via maintenance of the protective factors, mucus and GSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila T Scoparo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Débora G Borato
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lauro M Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Nessana Dartora
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Luísa M Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniele Maria-Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Sassaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Philip A J Gorin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristiane H Baggio
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Marcello Iacomini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Nootash S, Sheikhzadeh N, Baradaran B, Oushani AK, Maleki Moghadam MR, Nofouzi K, Monfaredan A, Aghebati L, Zare F, Shabanzadeh S. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) administration induces expression of immune relevant genes and biochemical parameters in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 35:1916-23. [PMID: 24096104 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Present study elucidates the efficacy of green tea (Camellia sinensis) on growth performance, immune and antioxidant systems and cytokine gene expression in rainbow trout tissues. Green tea was supplemented at 20, 100, and 500 mg kg(-1) diet and fed to fish (average weight: 23.5 g) for 35 days. No remarkable changes in growth performance were observed among all test groups. Lower lipid peroxidation product and higher superoxide dismutase activity were noted in fish received the medium dose of green tea. Significant increase in serum bactericidal activity and total protein were recorded in all treatment groups. All doses of green tea up-regulated Interleukin-1β transcription in the spleen, while Interleukin-1β mRNA level decreased significantly in the kidney of low dose of green tea. Interleukin-6 mRNA level was up-regulated in the spleen of high dose of green tea and liver of middle and high doses of green tea. High dose and medium dose of green tea up-regulated the interleukin-8 transcription in the kidney and liver, respectively. Meanwhile, green tea inhibited the production of interleukin-10 in all treatment groups compared with control group. Medium dose of green tea up-regulated tumor necrosis factor-α transcription in all fish tissues, while high dose and low dose of green tea enhanced tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA levels in the kidney and spleen, respectively. Present study suggests that green tea especially at 100 mg kg(-1) feed may effectively enhance the antioxidant system and immune system in rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Nootash
- Department of Veterinary, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
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36
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Zhang Y, Owusu L, Duan W, Jiang T, Zang S, Ahmed A, Xin Y. Anti-metastatic and differential effects on protein expression of epigallocatechin-3-gallate in HCCLM6 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:959-64. [PMID: 23863984 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third highest cause of cancer-related mortality in humans. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been shown to inhibit the metastatic activity of certain cancer cells. The aim of this study was to determine the effects and molecular mechanism(s) of action of EGCG in human HCC cells. A migration and invasion assay for the metastatic behavior of HCCLM6 cells was performed. The anti-metastatic effects of EGCG were investigated by RT-PCR and gelatin zymography. A total cellular protein profile was obtained using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analyses of proteins with significant differences in expression following treatment with EGCG. The results revealed that EGCG induced apoptosis and inhibited the metastasis of HCCLM6 cells. The anti-metastatic effects of EGCG were associated with the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity. The expression levels of far upstream element (FUSE) binding protein 1 (FUBP1), heat shock protein beta 1 (HSPB1), heat shock 60 kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) (CH60) and nucleophosmin (NPM) proteins, which are associated with metastasis, were significantly altered in the EGCG-treated HCCLM6 cells. The data from the present study suggest that EGCG has potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
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Pérez-Jiménez A, Peres H, Rubio VC, Oliva-Teles A. Effects of diet supplementation with white tea and methionine on lipid metabolism of gilthead sea bream juveniles (Sparus aurata). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2013; 39:661-670. [PMID: 23053611 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-012-9728-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A growth trial was performed with gilthead sea bream juveniles (Sparus aurata) to evaluate the effect of diet supplementation with white tea and methionine on fish performance and lipid metabolism. For that purpose, four diets were formulated: a fish meal-based diet (Control) and diets identical to the control diet but supplemented with 2.9 % white tea (Tea), 0.3 % methionine (Met) or 2.9 % white tea plus 0.3 % methionine (Tea + Met). Growth performance and feed efficiency parameters, whole-body and liver composition, plasma metabolites concentration and liver glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), malic enzyme (ME) and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) activities were determined. Feed intake was higher in fish fed methionine-supplemented diets, whereas this parameter and growth was decreased in fish fed white tea supplementation. Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio were not affected by diet composition. Plasma HDL cholesterol and total lipids concentration were higher in fish fed white tea-supplemented diets. Whole-body lipid, plasma glucose, liver glycogen concentration and liver G6PDH, ME and FAS activities were lower in fish fed white tea-supplemented diets. Results of the present study indicate that methionine seems to act as a feed attractant in diets for sea bream juveniles. Additionally, white tea is an important modulator of lipid metabolism in sea bream juveniles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Pérez-Jiménez
- CIMAR/CIIMAR-Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
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38
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Zhang H, Shao D, Wu Y, Dai B, Cai C, Fang W, Ye B, Zhang Y, liu J, Jia X. Regulation of nodularin-induced apoptosis by epigallocatechin-3-gallate on fish lymphocytes in vitro. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 34:1085-1093. [PMID: 23403155 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nodularin is one of the most conspicuous and widespread pollutants that elicit water ecological hazards to fish, causing serious damage on the immune system and physiological functions. Nodularin can cause oxidative stress-induced apoptosis on fish lymphocytes. The regulatory effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) at 10, 100, and 1000 μg/L levels on the antioxidant defense system and apoptosis of Carassius auratus lymphocytes exposed to a high dose of nodularin (100 μg/L) were quantified in vitro. EGCG reduced nodularin-induced oxidative damage on fish immune cells. This compound significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and the level of glutathione but decreased the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. Flow cytometry results showed that the percentages of apoptotic cells after treatment with 10, 100, and 1000 μg/L EGCG for 12 h reached 27.9%, 19.1%, and 13.7%, respectively. By contrast, the nodularin alone-induced group showed a high percentage of apoptosis (44.2%). Western blot analysis showed the increased expression of bcl-2 and the decreased expression of bax and caspase-3 in EGCG-treated fish lymphocytes. EGCG also inhibited the potential collapse of the mitochondrial membrane. Overall, EGCG can inhibit nodularin-induced apoptosis and protect the normal immunity of fish by regulating bax/bcl-2 and blocking the downstream of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway with increased intracellular antioxidant enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangjun Zhang
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Xuelin Road 16#, Xiasha Gaojiao Dongqu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310036, China.
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39
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Twal M, Kiefer P, Salameh A, Schnabel J, Ossmann S, von Salisch S, Krämer K, Sobiraj A, Kostelka M, Mohr FW, Dhein S. Reno-protective effects of epigallocatechingallate in a small piglet model of extracorporeal circulation. Pharmacol Res 2012; 67:68-78. [PMID: 23103594 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cardiopulmonary bypass still often is a necessary tool in cardiac surgery in particular in the correction of congenital heart defects in small infants. Nevertheless, among the complications linked to extracorporeal circulation (ECC) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in both infants and adults one of the most serious problems is renal impairment. Since this might be caused by ischemia/reperfusion injury and accumulation of free radicals, we used (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a derivate from green tea, which is known to possess antioxidant, antiapoptotic and NO-scavenging properties in order to find out whether EGCG may protect the kidney. 23 four-week-old Angler Sattelschwein-piglets (8-15 kg) were divided into three groups: control-group (n=7), ECC-group (n=10), EGCG-group (n=6). The ECC- and EGCG-group were thoracotomized and underwent CPB for 120 min followed by a 90-min recovery-time. The EGCG-group received 10 mg/kg EGCG before and after CPB. Histology revealed that CPB led to widening of Bowman's capsule, and to vacuolization of proximal tubular cells (p<0.05) which could be prevented by EGCG (p<0.05). Using immunohistology, we found significant nuclear translocation of hypoxia-inducible-factor-1-alpha (HIF-1-alpha) and increased nitrotyrosine formation in the ECC-group. Both were significantly (p<0.05) inhibited by EGCG. ECC-induced loss of energy-rich phosphates was prevented by EGCG. In blood samples we found that CPB resulted in increases in creatinine and urea (in serum) and led to loss of total protein (p<0.05), which all was not present in EGCG-treated animals. We conclude that CPB causes damage in the kidney which can be attenuated by EGCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Twal
- Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, University of Leipzig, Heart Centre, Leipzig, Germany
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40
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Pérez-Jiménez A, Peres H, Rubio VC, Oliva-Teles A. The effect of hypoxia on intermediary metabolism and oxidative status in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed on diets supplemented with methionine and white tea. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2012; 155:506-16. [PMID: 22227440 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the influence of previous nutritional status, fish fed on diets supplemented with tea and methionine, on acute hypoxia tolerance and subsequent recovery of Sparus aurata juveniles. Four isonitrogenous (45% of protein) and isolipidic (18% lipid) diets were formulated to contain 0.3% methionine, 2.9% white tea dry leaves or 2.9% of white tea dry leaves+0.3% methionine. An unsupplemented diet was used as control. Hepatic key enzymes of intermediary metabolism and antioxidant status, superoxide dismutase isoenzyme profile, glutathione (total, reduced and oxidized) and oxidative damage markers were determined under normoxia, hypoxia challenge and during normoxia recovery. Dietary white tea inclusion decreased plasma glucose levels under normoxia and seemed to induce an increase in anaerobic pathways as showed by enhanced liver lactate dehydrogenase activity. Hypoxia challenge reversed some of the responses induced by diet tea supplementation. Hypoxia decreased plasma glucose levels, increased glucose 6-P-dehydrogeanse activity, decreased superoxide dismutase activity (especially Mn-SOD and CuZn-SOD isoforms) and increased glutathione peroxidase activity in all dietary treatments. Catalase activity during hypoxia varied with dietary treatments and glutathione reductase was not modified. Antioxidant defenses were insufficient to avoid an oxidative stress condition under hypoxia, independently of dietary treatment. In general, pre-challenge values were recovered for almost all parameters within 6 h recovery time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Pérez-Jiménez
- CIMAR/CIIMAR-Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
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41
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The effect of dietary methionine and white tea on oxidative status of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Br J Nutr 2011; 108:1202-9. [PMID: 22153060 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511006556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Free radicals are continuously generated during an organism's lifetime. In order to understand the involvement in the oxidative status of fish, methionine and white tea were assayed as antioxidant supplements in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). For the purpose of this study, four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain 45 % of protein and 18 % lipid and 0·3 % methionine (Met diet), 2·9 % white tea dry leaves (Tea diet) and 2·9 % of white tea dry leaves + 0·3 % methionine (Tea + Met diet). An unsupplemented diet was used as the control. Key enzymatic antioxidant defences, superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoenzyme profile, total, reduced and oxidised glutathione and oxidative damage markers were determined. The results showed that dietary methionine supplementation increased liver SOD activity, while white tea induced higher hepatic catalase activity. Dietary white tea induced a notable increase in Mn-SOD isoenzyme. This is the first study to provide evidence that dietary tea inclusion in fish feeding could be an important source of Mn with metabolic repercussions on antioxidant mechanisms.
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42
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Sheikhzadeh N, Nofouzi K, Delazar A, Oushani AK. Immunomodulatory effects of decaffeinated green tea (Camellia sinensis) on the immune system of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 31:1268-1269. [PMID: 21985858 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In order to study the immunomodulatory effects of decaffeinated green tea extract on rainbow trout, a study with a 30-day feeding trial was conducted. Commercial diets with graded levels of decaffeinated green tea extract, 20 mg (T1), 100 mg (T2), 500 mg (T3) per kg feed were prepared. 120 rainbow trout (35 ± 3 g) were randomly assigned to 4 groups in triplicates and fed one of the 3 experimental diets formulated or control diet. After feeding trial, 12 fish from each group were sampled for analysis of some immunological parameters. Remaining fish were injected with 0.5 ml of chicken red blood cell (C-RBC) suspension (2%) intraperitoneally on days 5 and 15 after feeding trial. Results of the current study showed that the inclusion of 20 mg kg-1 green tea (T1) in fish diet enhanced the serum bactericidal activity against Yersinia ruckeri, while significant elevation of lysozyme activity was shown in T2 group. Anti-trypsin activity due to α1-antiprotease was significantly higher in T1 and T2 groups while peroxidase content showed significant increase in all treatment groups compared to control group. Hemagglutination antibody titer against C-RBC was significantly higher in fish administered with 100 mg kg(-1) green tea (T2). Our findings showed that decaffeinated green tea in lower doses of administration could be optimum to enhance the immunity of rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Sheikhzadeh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Aquatic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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43
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Singh BN, Shankar S, Srivastava RK. Green tea catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): mechanisms, perspectives and clinical applications. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:1807-21. [PMID: 21827739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 991] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An expanding body of preclinical evidence suggests EGCG, the major catechin found in green tea (Camellia sinensis), has the potential to impact a variety of human diseases. Apparently, EGCG functions as a powerful antioxidant, preventing oxidative damage in healthy cells, but also as an antiangiogenic and antitumor agent and as a modulator of tumor cell response to chemotherapy. Much of the cancer chemopreventive properties of green tea are mediated by EGCG that induces apoptosis and promotes cell growth arrest by altering the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins, activating killer caspases, and suppressing oncogenic transcription factors and pluripotency maintain factors. In vitro studies have demonstrated that EGCG blocks carcinogenesis by affecting a wide array of signal transduction pathways including JAK/STAT, MAPK, PI3K/AKT, Wnt and Notch. EGCG stimulates telomere fragmentation through inhibiting telomerase activity. Various clinical studies have revealed that treatment by EGCG inhibits tumor incidence and multiplicity in different organ sites such as liver, stomach, skin, lung, mammary gland and colon. Recent work demonstrated that EGCG reduced DNMTs, proteases, and DHFR activities, which would affect transcription of TSGs and protein synthesis. EGCG has great potential in cancer prevention because of its safety, low cost and bioavailability. In this review, we discuss its cancer preventive properties and its mechanism of action at numerous points regulating cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis and metastasis. Therefore, non-toxic natural agent could be useful either alone or in combination with conventional therapeutics for the prevention of tumor progression and/or treatment of human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahma N Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, and Medicine, The University of Kansas Cancer Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States
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