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Buncha V, Fopiano KA, Lang L, Ilatovskaya DV, Verin A, Bagi Z. Phosphodiesterase 9A inhibition improves aging-related increase in pulmonary vascular resistance in mice. GeroScience 2024; 46:5191-5202. [PMID: 38980632 PMCID: PMC11335997 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01270-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
As individuals age, there is a gradual decline in cardiopulmonary function, often accompanied by cardiac pump dysfunction leading to increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Our study aims to investigate the changes in cardiac and pulmonary vascular function associated with aging. Additionally, we aim to explore the impact of phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) inhibition, which has shown promise in treating cardiometabolic diseases, on addressing left ventricle (LV) dysfunction and elevated PVR in aging individuals. Young (3 months old) and aged (32 months old) male C57BL/6 mice were used. Aged mice were treated with the selective PDE9A inhibitor PF04447943 (1 mg/kg/day) through intraperitoneal injections for 10 days. LV function was evaluated using cardiac ultrasound, and PVR was assessed in isolated, ventilated lungs perfused under a constant flow condition. Additionally, changes in PVR were measured in response to perfusion of the endothelium-dependent agonist bradykinin or to nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP). PDE9A protein expression was measured by Western blots. Our results demonstrate the development of LV diastolic dysfunction and increased PVR in aged mice. The aged mice exhibited diminished decreases in PVR in response to both bradykinin and SNP compared to the young mice. Moreover, the lungs of aged mice showed an increase in PDE9A protein expression. Treatment of aged mice with PF04447943 had no significant effect on LV systolic or diastolic function. However, PF04447943 treatment normalized PVR and SNP-induced responses, though it did not affect the bradykinin response. These data demonstrate a development of LV diastolic dysfunction and increase in PVR in aged mice. We propose that inhibitors of PDE9A could represent a novel therapeutic approach to specifically prevent aging-related pulmonary dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadym Buncha
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Katie Anne Fopiano
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Liwei Lang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Daria V Ilatovskaya
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Alexander Verin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Zsolt Bagi
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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2
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Jiang Y, Cao Y, Li Y, Bi L, Wang L, Chen Q, Lin Y, Jin H, Xu X, Peng R, Chen Z. SNP alleviates mitochondrial homeostasis dysregulation-mediated developmental toxicity in diabetic zebrafish larvae. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117117. [PMID: 38996709 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes is increasing annually, and the disease is uncurable due to its complex pathogenesis. Therefore, understanding diabetes pathogenesis and developing new treatments are crucial. This study showed that the NO donor SNP (8 µM) significantly alleviated high glucose-induced developmental toxicity in zebrafish larvae. High glucose levels caused hyperglycemia, leading to oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage from excessive ROS accumulation. This promoted mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and lipid peroxidation (LPO)-induced ferroptosis, along with immune inflammatory reactions that decreased mitochondrial function and altered intracellular grid morphology, causing imbalanced kinetics and autophagy. After SNP treatment, zebrafish larvae showed improved developmental toxicity and glucose utilization, reduced ROS accumulation, and increased antioxidant activity. The NO-sGC-cGMP signaling pathway, inhibited by high glucose, was significantly activated by SNP, improving mitochondrial homeostasis, increasing mitochondrial count, and enhancing mitochondrial function. It's worth noting that apoptosis, ferroptosis and immune inflammation were effectively alleviated. In summary, SNP improved high glucose-induced developmental toxicity by activating the NO-sGC-cGMP signaling pathway to reduce toxic effects such as apoptosis, ferroptosis and inflammation resulting from mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jiang
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou No.3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yaoqi Li
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Liuliu Bi
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lv Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou No.3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yue Lin
- General Practitioner, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou No.3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
| | - Huanzhi Jin
- General Practitioner, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou No.3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Scientific Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou No.3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
| | - Renyi Peng
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Zheyan Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou No.3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China.
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Madonna R, Biondi F, Ghelardoni S, D'Alleva A, Quarta S, Massaro M. Pulmonary hypertension associated to left heart disease: Phenotypes and treatment. Eur J Intern Med 2024:S0953-6205(24)00326-1. [PMID: 39095300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2024.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension associated to left heart disease (PH-LHD) refers to a clinical and haemodynamic condition of pulmonary hypertension associated with a heterogeneous group of diseases affecting any of the compartments that form the left ventricle and left atrium. PH-LHD is the most common cause of PH, accounting for 65-80 % of diagnoses. Based on the haemodynamic phase of the disease, PH-LDH is classified into three subgroups: postcapillary PH, isolated postcapillary PH and combined pre-postcapillary PH (CpcPH). Several signaling pathways involved in the regulation of vascular tone are dysfunctional in PH-LHD, including nitric oxide, MAP kinase and endothelin-1 pathways. These pathways are the same as those altered in PH group 1, however PH-LHD can heardly be treated by specific drugs that act on the pulmonary circulation. In this manuscript we provide a state of the art of the available clinical trials investigating the safety and efficacy of PAH-specific drugs, as well as drugs active in patients with heart failure and PH-LHD. We also discuss the different phenotypes of PH-LHD, as well as molecular targets and signaling pathways potentially involved in the pathophysiology of the disease. Finally we will mention some new emerging therapies that can be used to treat this form of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalinda Madonna
- University Cardiology Division, Pisa University Hospital and University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, Pisa 56124, Italy.
| | - Filippo Biondi
- University Cardiology Division, Pisa University Hospital and University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Sandra Ghelardoni
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto D'Alleva
- Cardiac Intensive Care and Interventional Cardiology Unit, Santo Spirito Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Stefano Quarta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Marika Massaro
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce 73100, Italy
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Rao J, Chen X, Liu Y, Wang X, Cheng P, Wang Z. Assessment of adverse events of the novel cardiovascular drug vericiguat: a real-world pharmacovigilance study based on FAERS. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39021273 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2024.2382226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to analyze the adverse event reports (AERs) to vericiguat using data from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and provide evidence for the clinical use. METHODS AERs due to vericiguat from 2021Q1 to 2024Q1 identified as the primary suspect were screened, with duplicate reports subsequently eliminated. Various quantitative signal detection methods, including reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, and multi-item gamma poisson shrinker, were then employed for data mining and analysis. Signal strength is represented by the 95% confidence interval, information component (IC), and empirical Bayesian geometric mean (EBGM). RESULTS A total of 617 vericiguat-related AERs were identified. Strong signals were observed in 21 system organ classes. Furthermore, the most frequently reported preferred terms (PT) was hypotension (n = 86, ROR 25.92, PRR 24.11, IC 4.59, EBGM 24.07), followed by dizziness (n = 52, ROR 6.44, PRR 6.20, IC 2.63, EBGM 6.20), malaise (n = 25, ROR 3.59, PRR 3.54, IC 1.82, EBGM 3.54), blood pressure decreased (n = 23, ROR 20.00, PRR 19.64, IC 4.29, EBGM 19.61), and anemia (n = 21, ROR 6.67, PRR 6.57, IC 2.72, EBGM 6.57). CONCLUSIONS This study extended the adverse reactions documented in the FDA instruction and provided supplementary evidence regarding the clinical safety of vericiguat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Rao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yudi Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefu Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengchao Cheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhinong Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Spadafora L, Bernardi M, Sarto G, Simeone B, Forte M, D'Ambrosio L, Betti M, D'Amico A, Cammisotto V, Carnevale R, Bartimoccia S, Sabouret P, Zoccai GB, Frati G, Valenti V, Sciarretta S, Rocco E. Towards the Fifth Pillar for the Treatment of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: Vericiguat in Older and Complex Patients. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2024; 24:469-479. [PMID: 38856965 PMCID: PMC11233322 DOI: 10.1007/s40256-024-00652-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) represents an emerging epidemic, particularly affecting frail, older, and multimorbid patients. Current therapy for the management of HFrEF includes four different classes of disease-modifying drugs, commonly referred to as 'four pillars', which target the neurohormonal system that is overactivated in HF and contributes to its progression. These classes of drugs include β-blockers, inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. Unfortunately, these agents cannot be administered as frequently as needed to older patients because of poor tolerability and comorbidities. In addition, although these drugs have dramatically increased the survival expectations of patients with HF, their residual risk of rehospitalization and death at 5 years remains considerable. Vericiguat, a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator, was reported to exert beneficial effects in patients with worsening HF, including older subjects, reducing the rate of both hospitalizations and deaths, with limited adverse effects and drug interaction. In this narrative review, we present the current state of art on vericiguat, with a particular focus on elderly and frail patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Spadafora
- Department of Clinical Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Marco Bernardi
- Department of Clinical Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Sarto
- Cardiology Division, ICOT Istituto "Marco Pasquali" University Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | - Beatrice Simeone
- Cardiology Division, ICOT Istituto "Marco Pasquali" University Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | | | - Luca D'Ambrosio
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Matteo Betti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Cardiovascular Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra D'Amico
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cammisotto
- Department of Clinical Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Carnevale
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Simona Bartimoccia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Pierre Sabouret
- Heart Institute and Action Group, Pitié-Salpétrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- National College of French Cardiologists, Paris, France
| | - Giuseppe Biondi Zoccai
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
- Cardiology Unit, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Valentina Valenti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Erica Rocco
- Cardiology Division, ICOT Istituto "Marco Pasquali" University Hospital, Latina, Italy
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6
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Pal China S, Kalyanaraman H, Zhuang S, Cabriales JA, Sah RL, Pilz RB. Protein kinase G2 activation restores Wnt signaling and bone mass in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in mice. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175089. [PMID: 38885330 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporotic fractures are a major complication of long-term glucocorticoid therapy. Glucocorticoids transiently increase bone resorption, but they predominantly inhibit bone formation and induce osteocyte apoptosis, leading to bone loss. Current treatments of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis aim mainly at reducing bone resorption and are, therefore, inadequate. We previously showed that signaling via the NO/cGMP/protein kinase G pathway plays a key role in skeletal homeostasis. Here, we show that pharmacological PKG activation with the guanylyl cyclase-1 activator cinaciguat or expression of a constitutively active, mutant PKG2R242Q restored proliferation, differentiation, and survival of primary mouse osteoblasts exposed to dexamethasone. Cinaciguat treatment of WT mice or osteoblast-specific expression of PKG2R242Q in transgenic mice prevented dexamethasone-induced loss of cortical bone mass and strength. These effects of cinaciguat and PKG2R242Q expression were due to preserved bone formation parameters and osteocyte survival. The basis for PKG2's effects appeared to be through recovery of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which was suppressed by glucocorticoids but critical for proliferation, differentiation, and survival of osteoblast-lineage cells. Cinaciguat reduced dexamethasone activation of osteoclasts, but this did not occur in the PKG2R242Q transgenic mice, suggesting a minor role in osteoprotection. We propose that existing PKG-targeting drugs could represent a novel therapeutic approach to prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Robert L Sah
- Department of Bioengineering, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
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7
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Shi G, Tai T, Miao Y, Yan L, Han T, Dong H, Liu Z, Cheng T, Liu Y, Yang Y, Fei S, Pang B, Chen T. The antagonism mechanism of astilbin against cadmium-induced injury in chicken lungs via Treg/Th1 balance signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 277:116364. [PMID: 38657461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Treg/Th1 imbalance in cadmium-induced lung injury and the potential protective effect of astilbin against cadmium-induced lung injury in chicken. Cadmium exposure significantly decreased T-AOC and GSH-Px levels and SOD activity in the chicken lung tissues. In contrast, it significantly increased the MDA and NO levels. These results indicate that cadmium triggers oxidative stress in lungs. Histopathological analysis revealed that cadmium exposure further induced infiltration of lymphocytes in the chicken lungs, indicating that cadmium causes pulmonary damage. Further analysis revealed that cadmium decreased the expression of IL-4 and IL-10 but increased those of IL-17, Foxp3, TNF-α, and TGF-β, indicating that the exposure of cadmium induced the imbalance of Treg/Th1. Moreover, cadmium adversely affected chicken lung function by activating the NF-kB pathway and inducing expression of genes downstream to these pathways (COX-2, iNOS), associated with inflammatory injury in the lung tissue. Astilbin reduced cadmium-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in the lungs by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities and restoring Treg/Th1 balance. In conclusion, our results suggest that astilbin treatment alleviated the effects of cadmium-mediated lung injury in chickens by restoring the Treg/Th1 balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangliang Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tiange Tai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yusong Miao
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Liangchun Yan
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tianyu Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Han Dong
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhaoyang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tingting Cheng
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiding Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shanshan Fei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Bo Pang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tiezhu Chen
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Chengdu 610041, China.
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8
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Zhou S, Zhang Q, Yang H, Zhu Y, Hu X, Wan G, Yu L. Targeting type I PRMTs as promising targets for the treatment of pulmonary disorders: Asthma, COPD, lung cancer, PF, and PH. Life Sci 2024; 342:122538. [PMID: 38428571 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary disorders, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis (PF), pulmonary hypertension (PH), and lung cancer, seriously impair the quality of lives of patients. A deeper understanding of the occurrence and development of the above diseases may inspire new strategies to remedy the scarcity of treatments. Type I protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) can affect processes of inflammation, airway remodeling, fibroblast proliferation, mitochondrial mass, and epithelial dysfunction through substrate methylation and non-enzymatic activity, thus affecting the occurrence and development of asthma, COPD, lung cancer, PF, and PH. As potential therapeutic targets, inhibitors of type I PRMTs are developed, moreover, representative compounds such as GSK3368715 and MS023 have also been used for early research. Here, we collated structures of type I PRMTs inhibitors and compared their activity. Finally, we highlighted the physiological and pathological associations of type I PRMTs with asthma, COPD, lung cancer, PF, and PH. The developing of type I PRMTs modulators will be beneficial for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiangsheng Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Honglin Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongxia Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guoquan Wan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Luoting Yu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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9
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Chen C, Lv J, Liu C. Vericiguat in patients with heart failure across the spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction: a patient-level, pooled meta-analysis of VITALITY-HFpEF and VICTORIA. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1335531. [PMID: 38524633 PMCID: PMC10957528 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1335531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Vericiguat, the newest soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) drug, is potentially beneficial in treating heart failure (HF). However, most studies have only confirmed the significant impact of sGC in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Therefore, the main objective of this meta-analysis was to comparatively analyze the effects of Vericiguat in the entire LVEF range based on previous studies. According to PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase databases, randomized controlled studies in the full LVEF stage range were screened, and two extensive clinical studies on Vericiguat, namely VICTORIA (LVEF<45%) and VITALITY-HFpEF (LVEF≥45%) were identified for analysis and systematic evaluation. We separately assessed the rates of primary outcomes, cardiovascular death, and serious adverse events in both studies. The results of our research confirmed that although the criteria for the primary outcome were not the same in the two extensive studies, it was evident that there was no difference in the primary outcome between the experimental Vericiguat group and the placebo group in the VITALITY-HFpEF (LVEF≥45%) (P=0.45), whereas the primary outcome of VICTORIA (LVEF<45%) was significantly improved with the administration of Vericiguat showing a significant improvement (RR 0.93; 95% CI 0.87 to 1.00), but the effect of Vericiguat on cardiovascular mortality was not significant across the full range of LVEF (RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.86 to 1.09), and the incidence of total serious adverse events did not differ significantly between the two studies (RR 0.96; 95% CI 0.89 to 1.03). Surprisingly, partial subgroups analysis of serious adverse events found that vericiguat treatment reduced the incidence of all-cause death, Cardiac disorders, Hypotension, and Hypertension in patients with LVEF<45%, with a particular effect on the incidence of Cardiac disorders. Taken together, Vericiguat had a significant benefit in HF patients with LVEF<45%, especially in patients with LVEF<24%; it had a less pronounced effect in HF patients with LVEF ≥45%, but no adverse effects were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Changzhao Liu
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi, Hubei, China
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10
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Yang J, Xu J, Xu S, Fan Z, Zhu C, Wan J, Yang J, Xing X. Oxidative stress in acute pulmonary embolism: emerging roles and therapeutic implications. Thromb J 2024; 22:9. [PMID: 38216919 PMCID: PMC10785361 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-023-00577-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the body's reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Oxidative stress is involved in the development of several cardiovascular diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetes mellitus. A growing number of studies have suggested the potential role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of pulmonary embolism. Biomarkers of oxidative stress in pulmonary embolism have also been explored, such as matrix metalloproteinases, asymmetric dimethylarginine, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio. Here, we comprehensively summarize some oxidative stress mechanisms and biomarkers in the development of acute pulmonary embolism and summarize related treatments based on antioxidant stress to explore effective treatment strategies for acute pulmonary embolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032, Kunming, China
| | - Jinzhu Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yuxi Municipal Hospital of T.C. M, 653100, Yuxi, China
| | - Shuanglan Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 650021, Kunming, China
| | - Zeqin Fan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 650021, Kunming, China
| | - Chenshao Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032, Kunming, China
| | - Jianyuan Wan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032, Kunming, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032, Kunming, China.
| | - Xiqian Xing
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 650021, Kunming, China.
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11
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Yin Q, Zheng X, Song Y, Wu L, Li L, Tong R, Han L, Bian Y. Decoding signaling mechanisms: unraveling the targets of guanylate cyclase agonists in cardiovascular and digestive diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1272073. [PMID: 38186653 PMCID: PMC10771398 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1272073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Soluble guanylate cyclase agonists and guanylate cyclase C agonists are two popular drugs for diseases of the cardiovascular system and digestive systems. The common denominator in these conditions is the potential therapeutic target of guanylate cyclase. Thanks to in-depth explorations of their underlying signaling mechanisms, the targets of these drugs are becoming clearer. This review explains the recent research progress regarding potential drugs in this class by introducing representative drugs and current findings on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinan Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingyue Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujie Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuyun Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lizhu Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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12
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Wei B, Sun C, Wan H, Shou Q, Han B, Sheng M, Li L, Kai G. Bioactive components and molecular mechanisms of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116697. [PMID: 37295577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SM) is an outstanding herbal medicine with various traditional effects, especially promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis. It has been widely used for centuries to treat blood stasis syndrome (BSS)-related diseases. BSS is one of the basic pathological syndromes of diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in traditional East Asian medicine, which is characterized by disturbance of blood circulation. However, the bioactive components and mechanisms of SM in the treatment of BSS have not been systematically reviewed. Therefore, this article outlines the anti-BSS effects of bioactive components of SM, concentrating on the molecular mechanisms. AIM OF THE REVIEW To summarize the bioactive components of SM against BSS and highlight its potential targets and signaling pathways, hoping to provide a modern biomedical perspective to understand the efficacy of SM on enhancing blood circulation to remove blood stasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed to retrieve articles published in the last two decades on bioactive components of SM used for BSS treatment from the online electronic medical literature database (PubMed). RESULTS Phenolic acids and tanshinones in SM are the main bioactive components in the treatment of BSS, including but not limited to salvianolic acid B, tanshinone IIA, salvianolic acid A, cryptotanshinone, Danshensu, dihydrotanshinone, rosmarinic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, and caffeic acid. They protect vascular endothelial cells by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory damage and regulating of NO/ET-1 levels. They also enhance anticoagulant and fibrinolytic capacity, inhibit platelet activation and aggregation, and dilate blood vessels. Moreover, lowering blood lipids and improving blood rheological properties may be the underlying mechanisms of their anti-BSS. More notably, these compounds play an anti-BSS role by mediating multiple signaling pathways such as Nrf2/HO-1, TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/eNOS, MAPKs (p38, ERK, and JNK), and Ca2+/K+ channels. CONCLUSIONS Both phenolic acids and tanshinones in SM may act synergistically to target different signaling pathways to achieve the effect of promoting blood circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Wei
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China.
| | - Chengtao Sun
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China.
| | - Haitong Wan
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China.
| | - Qiyang Shou
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China.
| | - Bing Han
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China.
| | - Miaomiao Sheng
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China.
| | - Liqing Li
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 31300, PR China.
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Zhejiang Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China.
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Balsa A, Adão R, Brás-Silva C. Therapeutic Approaches in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension with Beneficial Effects on Right Ventricular Function-Preclinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15539. [PMID: 37958522 PMCID: PMC10647677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive condition that affects the pulmonary vessels, but its main prognostic factor is the right ventricle (RV) function. Many mice/rat models are used for research in PAH, but results fail to translate to clinical trials. This study reviews studies that test interventions on pulmonary artery banding (PAB), a model of isolated RV disfunction, and PH models. Multiple tested drugs both improved pulmonary vascular hemodynamics in PH models and improved RV structure and function in PAB animals. PH models and PAB animals frequently exhibited similar results (73.1% concordance). Macitentan, sildenafil, and tadalafil improved most tested pathophysiological parameters in PH models, but almost none in PAB animals. Results are frequently not consistent with other studies, possibly due to the methodology, which greatly varied. Some research groups start treating the animals immediately, and others wait up to 4 weeks from model induction. Treatment duration and choice of anaesthetic are other important differences. This review shows that many drugs currently under research for PAH have a cardioprotective effect on animals that may translate to humans. However, a uniformization of methods may increase comparability between studies and, thus, improve translation to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Balsa
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (A.B.); (R.A.)
| | - Rui Adão
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (A.B.); (R.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Brás-Silva
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (A.B.); (R.A.)
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
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14
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Zhao Y, Li C, Zhang S, Cheng J, Liu Y, Han X, Wang Y, Wang Y. Inhaled nitric oxide: can it serve as a savior for COVID-19 and related respiratory and cardiovascular diseases? Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1277552. [PMID: 37849924 PMCID: PMC10577426 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1277552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), as an important gaseous medium, plays a pivotal role in the human body, such as maintaining vascular homeostasis, regulating immune-inflammatory responses, inhibiting platelet aggregation, and inhibiting leukocyte adhesion. In recent years, the rapid prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has greatly affected the daily lives and physical and mental health of people all over the world, and the therapeutic efficacy and resuscitation strategies for critically ill patients need to be further improved and perfected. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is a selective pulmonary vasodilator, and some studies have demonstrated its potential therapeutic use for COVID-19, severe respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary infections, and pulmonary hypertension. In this article, we describe the biochemistry and basic characteristics of NO and discuss whether iNO can act as a "savior" for COVID-19 and related respiratory and cardiovascular disorders to exert a potent clinical protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiayu Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Xiaorong Han
- Department of Special Care Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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15
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Zhu B, Niu Y, Niu L, Zhang X, Liu F. Exploring the application of sildenafil for high-fat diet-induced erectile dysfunction based on interleukin-18-mediated NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway. Sex Med 2023; 11:qfad044. [PMID: 37636019 PMCID: PMC10460117 DOI: 10.1093/sexmed/qfad044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation is a key risk factor for heart disease and has also been linked to erectile dysfunction (ED). Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor with a strong antioxidant effect. Interleukin (IL)-18 is a proinflammatory factor. Excessive production and release of IL-18 disrupt the balance between IL-18 and IL-18 binding proteins in certain inflammatory diseases, leading to the occurrence of pathological inflammation. Aim We evaluated the effects of sildenafil on erectile function in a rat model of high-fat diet-induced ED. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats (6 weeks old) were divided into 5 groups: control, ED, sildenafil, IL-18, and IL-18 + sildenafil. Subsequently, intracavernous pressure and mean arterial pressure were used to assess the erectile function of these rats. The expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, pyroptosis factors, and the ratio of smooth muscle cells and collagen fibers were evaluated in the serum and corpora tissue. Outcomes Exploring the role and mechanism of sildenafil in ED through NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis pathway. Results In comparison to the ED and IL-18 groups, there were statistically significant increases in the ratio of intracavernous pressure to mean arterial pressure, endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression, and the ratio of smooth muscle cells to collagen fibers following sildenafil intervention (P < .05). The sildenafil group and IL-18 + sildenafil group also showed statistically significant decreases the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, and gasdermin D (P < .05). Clinical Implications Sildenafil can improve erectile dysfunction by inhibiting inflammation. Strengths and Limitations Strengths are that the relationship between pyroptosis and ED has been verified through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The limitation is that the conclusions drawn from animal and cells experiments need to be confirmed in clinical research. Conclusion Sildenafil may reduce the effect of IL-18-induced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced ED rats through NLRP3/caspase-1 pyroptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Zhu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830011, China
| | - Yangjiu Niu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830011, China
| | - Lipan Niu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830011, China
| | - Xijia Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830011, China
| | - Fengxia Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830011, China
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16
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New Drugs and Therapies in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065850. [PMID: 36982922 PMCID: PMC10058689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a chronic, progressive disorder of the pulmonary vasculature with associated pulmonary and cardiac remodeling. PAH was a uniformly fatal disease until the late 1970s, but with the advent of targeted therapies, the life expectancy of patients with PAH has now considerably improved. Despite these advances, PAH inevitably remains a progressive disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Thus, there is still an unmet need for the development of new drugs and other interventional therapies for the treatment of PAH. One shortcoming of currently approved vasodilator therapies is that they do not target or reverse the underlying pathogenesis of the disease process itself. A large body of evidence has evolved in the past two decades clarifying the role of genetics, dysregulation of growth factors, inflammatory pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, sex hormones, neurohormonal pathways, and iron deficiency in the pathogenesis of PAH. This review focuses on newer targets and drugs that modify these pathways as well as novel interventional therapies in PAH.
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Starling RC, Xanthopoulos A, Nissen SE, Triposkiadis F. Reduction of Adverse Events With Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors Post LVAD Implantation: Is It Time for a Randomized Trial? J Card Fail 2022; 28:1733-1737. [PMID: 35690316 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The improved survival of patients with advanced heart failure after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation together with the scarcity of donor hearts has significantly increased the population of LVAD-supported patients. However, despite the improvement in LVAD technology and the advent of third-generation continuous flow LVADs, complications such as those related to hemocompatibility and stroke rates remain ongoing clinical challenges. Thus, improvement in LVAD technology should be coupled with innovative medical management to further reduce adverse events. We have previously shown a strong association between post LVAD implant phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE-5i) use and fewer thrombotic events, as well as improved survival in 2 observational studies. We caution, nevertheless, the use of PDE-5i based on these observations and encourage clinicians to support enrollment in a randomized control trial. A randomized control trial will determine the efficacy and safety of PDE-5i use after implantation in patients with a centrifugal flow LVAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall C Starling
- Kaufman Center for Heart Failure Treatment and Recovery, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Andrew Xanthopoulos
- University General Hospital of Larissa, Department of Cardiology, Larissa, Greece
| | - Steven E Nissen
- Cleveland Clinic Coordinating Center for Clinical Research, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
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Jing G, Xia Z, Lei Q. Co-expression of soluble guanylyl cyclase subunits and PDE5A shRNA to elevate cellular cGMP level: A potential gene therapy for myocardial cell death. Technol Health Care 2022; 31:901-910. [PMID: 36442224 DOI: 10.3233/thc-220333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Genetic manipulation on the NO-sGC-cGMP pathway has been rarely achieved, partially due to complexity of the soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) enzyme. OBJECTIVE: We aim to develop gene therapy directly targeting the pathway to circumvent cytotoxicity and tolerance after prolonged use of NO-donors and the insufficiency of PDE inhibitors. METHODS: In this study, we constructed lentivirus vectors expressing GUCY1A3 and GUCY1B3 genes, which encoded the α1 and β1 subunits of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), respectively, to enhance cGMP synthesis. We also constructed lentiviral vector harboring PDE5A shRNA to alleviate phosphodiesterase activity and cGMP degradation. RESULTS: Transductions of human HEK293 cells with the constructs were successful, as indicated by the fluorescent signal and altered gene expression produced by each vector. Overexpression of GUCY1A3 and GUCY1B3 resulted in increased sGC enzyme activity and elevated cGMP level in the cells. Expression of PDE5A shRNA resulted in decreased PDE5A expression and elevated cGMP level. Co-transduction of the three lentiviral vectors resulted in a more significant elevation of cGMP in HEK293 cells without obvious cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that co-expression of exogenous subunits of the soluble guanylyl cyclase could form functional enzyme and increase cellular cGMP level in mammalian cells. Simultaneous expression of PDE5A shRNA could alleviate feedback up-regulation on PDE5A caused by cGMP elevation. Further studies are required to evaluate the effects of these constructs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Jing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sport Medicine, Institute of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
- Family Medicine Clinic, Tianjin United Family Healthcare, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhang Xia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sport Medicine, Institute of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | - Quan Lei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sport Medicine, Institute of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
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Post-Implant Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Device: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11205988. [PMID: 36294308 PMCID: PMC9604415 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11205988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite the improvement in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) technology and the advent of third-generation LVADs, hemocompatibility-related events remain a significant issue. Therefore, new pharmacological treatments are necessary to optimize patient management and to further reduce hemocompatibility-related events. The purpose of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize the existing data regarding the safety and efficacy of post-implant phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE-5i) on hemocompatibility-related events. Methods: Among the 258 articles in Pubmed, Scopus, and CENTRAL that were retrieved (1990−2022), 15 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 9 studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. The fixed-effects model was used because it is statistically sound for combining a very small number of studies. The primary endpoint of the study was all-cause mortality, whereas the secondary endpoints were ischemic stroke, pump thrombosis, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Results: Mortality was significantly lower in the PDE-5i group vs. the control group (OR: 0.92 [95% CI: 0.85, 0.98]; p = 0.02). The secondary endpoints ischemic stroke (OR: 0.87 [95% CI: 0.78, 0.98]; p = 0.02) and pump thrombosis (OR: 0.90 [95% CI: 0.82, 0.99]; p = 0.04) were also lower in the PDE-5i group. The incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding was significantly higher in patients with LVAD receiving PDE-5i (OR: 1.26 [95% CI: 1.11, 1.44]; p < 0.01). In the overall analysis, the heterogeneity of outcomes was low, except for pump thrombosis. Conclusions: The use of PDE-5i post-implant was associated with lower mortality and thrombotic events but with a higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
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