1
|
Zhao M, Wang M, Hu X, Li H, Wu Q. Complexities in diesel oil inhalation: case study of respiratory injury and coagulation anomalies. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241277378. [PMID: 39212179 PMCID: PMC11375635 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241277378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Diesel inhalation poisoning represents a rare yet critical medical condition necessitating prompt medical attention due to its potential to induce severe respiratory distress and coagulation dysfunction. The present case study describes the distinctive clinical presentation of a male patient in his early 40s who experienced acute respiratory distress and manifested coagulation factor VII deficiency subsequent to unintentional inhalation of diesel oil during engine repair. The patient demonstrated symptoms including chest tightness and dyspnea, indicative of chemical aspiration pneumonia, alongside an unforeseen coagulation abnormality. Treatment involved rigorous intervention, comprising endotracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation, and administration of pharmacotherapy, including ambroxol, dihydroxypropylline, and methylprednisolone. Moreover, procedural measures, such as repeated bronchoscopic alveolar lavage, pathogen culture, and targeted antibiotic therapy, were employed to mitigate respiratory complications. The patient's clotting disorder was treated with blood transfusions, and he was discharged with improvement. The present case highlights the imperative nature of immediate medical intervention in instances of diesel inhalation to avert further clinical deterioration and unfavorable outcomes. Additionally, it underscores the necessity for expanded research endeavors aimed at elucidating the indirect repercussions of diesel inhalation on the coagulation cascade, an area that remains relatively underexplored within the medical literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Zhao
- Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Meixue Wang
- Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xuemei Hu
- Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Emergency, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qingjian Wu
- Department of Emergency, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Soler-Segovia D, de Homdedeu M, Sánchez-Díez S, Romero-Mesones C, Espejo D, Marain F, Vanoirbeek J, Munoz X, Cruz MJ. Immunological Effects of Diesel Particles in a Murine Model of Healthy Mice. TOXICS 2024; 12:530. [PMID: 39195632 PMCID: PMC11359652 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12080530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Exposure to environmental pollutants such as diesel exhaust particles (DEP) increases the risk of respiratory disease exacerbation. However, the possible effects of these particles on the general population remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to assess the immunomodulatory and inflammatory effects of the inhalation of DEP in a model of healthy mice undergoing short-, mid- and long-term exposure. Materials and Methods: BALB/c ByJ mice were randomly divided into five experimental groups. The control group received three intranasal instillations of saline over 8 days while the other four groups received intranasal instillations of 150 µg of DEP 3 days per week for 8, 17, 26, and 53 days. Lung function assessment and flow cytometry were performed. Results: In lung tissue, intranasal exposure to DEP decreased total monocytes (p < 0.015 in all groups). At 26 days, a reduction in inflammatory monocytes and an increase in resident monocytes were observed, p = 0.001 and 0.0001, respectively. Eosinophils and neutrophils decreased at 26 days (p = 0.017 and p = 0.041, respectively). The intranasal challenges of DEP increased the total population of dendritic cells (DC) at 26 and 53 days (p = 0.017 and p = 0.022, respectively) and decreased the total and alveolar populations of macrophages (p < 0.003 for all groups compared to control), while interstitial macrophage populations increased over the time period (p = 0.0001 for all groups compared to control). Conclusions: Continuous DEP exposure triggers immune mechanisms that predispose healthy individuals to a pro-inflammatory and hyper-reactive microenvironment. This mouse model provides evidence of the capacity of DEP to increase DC, interstitial macrophages, and resident monocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Soler-Segovia
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.-S.); (M.d.H.); (S.S.-D.); (C.R.-M.); (D.E.); (M.-J.C.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel de Homdedeu
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.-S.); (M.d.H.); (S.S.-D.); (C.R.-M.); (D.E.); (M.-J.C.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Sánchez-Díez
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.-S.); (M.d.H.); (S.S.-D.); (C.R.-M.); (D.E.); (M.-J.C.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Romero-Mesones
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.-S.); (M.d.H.); (S.S.-D.); (C.R.-M.); (D.E.); (M.-J.C.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Espejo
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.-S.); (M.d.H.); (S.S.-D.); (C.R.-M.); (D.E.); (M.-J.C.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fopke Marain
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Jeroen Vanoirbeek
- Centre of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Xavier Munoz
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.-S.); (M.d.H.); (S.S.-D.); (C.R.-M.); (D.E.); (M.-J.C.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María-Jesús Cruz
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.-S.); (M.d.H.); (S.S.-D.); (C.R.-M.); (D.E.); (M.-J.C.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang S, Yang P, Liu H, Wang Z, Hu P, Ye P, Xia J, Chen S. Assessing Causality Between Second-Hand Smoking and Potentially Associated Diseases in Multiple Systems: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Nicotine Tob Res 2024; 26:678-684. [PMID: 37788476 PMCID: PMC11109494 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The global disease burden may be exacerbated by exposure to passive smoking (SHS), with the workplace being a primary location for such exposure. Numerous epidemiological studies have identified SHS as a risk factor for diseases affecting various systems, including cardiovascular, respiratory, immune, endocrine, and nervous systems. The conventional observational study has certain methodological constraints that can be circumvented through a Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Our MR study intends to investigate the causal link between workplace exposure to SHS and the potential associated diseases. AIM AND METHODS Summary statistics data involving European participants were sourced from three databases: the UK Biobank, the FinnGen study, and the European Bioinformatics Institute. Genetic variants linked with exposure to SHS in the workplace were identified as instrumental variables. The MR was carried out using inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median methods. Sensitivity tests were also undertaken within the MR to evaluate the validity of the causality. RESULTS According to the IVW model, genetically determined atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke (p = 6.64E-04 and 5.68E-07, odds ratio = 2.030 and 2.494, 95% confidence interval = 1.350 to 3.051 and 1.743 to 3.569) were robustly associated with exposure to SHS in the workplace. Suggestive associations were found between workplace SHS and myocardial infarction (MI), asthma, and depression. CONCLUSIONS The MR study demonstrates that exposure to SHS in the workplace is a significant risk factor for AF and stroke in European individuals. Whether workplace exposure to SHS influences other diseases and the causality between them requires further exploration. IMPLICATIONS This study explored the causality between exposure to SHS in the workplace and potential associated diseases in multiple systems, including MI, AF, stroke, lung cancer, asthma, allergic disease, type 2 diabetes, and depression, using an MR study. The MR study can circumvent the methodological constraints of observational studies and establish a causal relationship. The two-sample MR analysis provides evidence supporting the causal association of frequent workplace SHS with AF and stroke. Individuals exposed to SHS in the workplace may also have a heightened risk of MI, asthma, and depression. However, whether SHS affects other diseases and the causality between them requires further investigation. To our knowledge, this is the first two-sample MR study to determine the causal relationship between SHS and potential diseases. Exposure to SHS in the workplace is a prevalent issue and may contribute to a global disease burden. The reduction of exposure following the introduction of smoke-free laws has led to a decrease in the admission rate for cardiac events and an improvement in health indicators. It is crucial to further advance smoke-free policies and their implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiwen Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Poyi Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yin Y, Mu C, Wang J, Wang Y, Hu W, Zhu W, Yu X, Hao W, Zheng Y, Li Q, Han W. CXCL17 Attenuates Diesel Exhaust Emissions Exposure-Induced Lung Damage by Regulating Macrophage Function. TOXICS 2023; 11:646. [PMID: 37624152 PMCID: PMC10459829 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11080646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to diesel exhaust emissions (DEE) is strongly linked to innate immune injury and lung injury, but the role of macrophage chemoattractant CXCL17 in the lung damage caused by DEE exposure remains unclear. In this study, whole-body plethysmography (WBP), inflammatory cell differential count, and histopathological analysis were performed to assess respiratory parameters, airway inflammation, and airway injury in C57BL/6 male mice exposed to DEE for 3 months. qRT-PCR, IHC (immunohistochemistry), and ELISA were performed to measure the CXCL17 expression in airway epithelium or BALF (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) following DEE/Diesel exhaust particle (DEP) exposure. Respiratory parameters, airway inflammation, and airway injury were assessed in CXCL17-overexpressing mice through adeno-associated virus vector Type 5 (AAV5) infection. Additionally, an in vitro THP-1 and HBE co-culture system was constructed. Transwell assay was carried out to evaluate the effect of rh-CXCL17 (recombinant human protein-CXCL17) on THP-1 cell migration. Flow cytometry and qRT-PCR were conducted to assess the impacts of rh-CXCL17 on apoptosis and inflammation/remodeling of HBE cells. We found that the mice exposed to DEE showed abnormal respiratory parameters, accompanied by airway injury and remodeling (ciliary injury in airway epithelium, airway smooth muscle hyperplasia, and increased collagen deposition). Carbon content in airway macrophages (CCAM), but not the number of macrophages in BALF, increased significantly. CXCL17 expression significantly decreased in mice airways and HBE after DEE/DEP exposure. AAV5-CXCL17 enhanced macrophage recruitment and clearance of DEE in the lungs of mice, and it improved respiratory parameters, airway injury, and airway remodeling. In the THP-1/HBE co-culture system, rh-CXCL17 increased THP-1 cell migration while attenuating HBE cell apoptosis and inflammation/remodeling. Therefore, CXCL17 might attenuate DEE-induced lung damage by recruiting and activating pulmonary macrophages, which is expected to be a novel therapeutic target for DEE-associated lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yize Yin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Chaohui Mu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (W.H.)
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Central Laboratories and Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266071, China;
- Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.Z.); (X.Y.)
| | - Wenmin Hu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Wenjing Zhu
- Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.Z.); (X.Y.)
- Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinjuan Yu
- Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.Z.); (X.Y.)
- Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wanming Hao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (W.H.)
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Qinghai Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (W.H.)
- Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.Z.); (X.Y.)
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (W.H.)
- Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.Z.); (X.Y.)
- Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu L, Li Y, Ma W, Sun X, Fan R, Jin Y, Chen N, Zhu X, Guo H, Zhao K, Luo J, Li C, Zheng Y, Yu D. Diesel exhaust particles exposure induces liver dysfunction: Exploring predictive potential of human circulating microRNAs signature relevant to liver injury risk. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:132060. [PMID: 37454487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) pollution should be taken seriously because it is an extensive environmental and occupational health concern. Exploring early effect biomarkers is crucial for monitoring and managing DEP-associated health risk assessment. Here, we found that serum levels of 67 miRNAs were dysregulated in DEP exposure group. Notably, 20 miRNAs were identified as each having a significant dose-response relationship with the internal exposure level of DEP. Further, we revealed that the DEP exposure could affect the liver function of subjects and that 7 miRNAs (including the well-known liver injury indicator, miR-122-5p) could serve as the novel epigenetic-biomarkers (epi-biomarkers) to reflect the liver-specific response to the DEP exposure. Importantly, an unprecedented prediction model using these 7 miRNAs was established for the assessment of DEP-induced liver injury risk. Finally, bioinformatic analysis indicated that the unique set of miRNA panel in serum might also contribute to the molecular mechanism of DEP exposure-induced liver damage. These results broaden our understanding of the adverse health outcomes of DEP exposure. Noteworthy, we believe this study could shed light on roles and functions of epigenetic biomarkers from environmental exposure to health outcomes by revealing the full chain of exposure-miRNAs-molecular pathways-disease evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanting Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wanli Ma
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xueying Sun
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rongrong Fan
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ningning Chen
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huan Guo
- School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kunming Zhao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiao Luo
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanhai Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tapak M, Sadeghi S, Ghazanfari T, Mosaffa N. Chemical exposure and alveolar macrophages responses: 'the role of pulmonary defense mechanism in inhalation injuries'. BMJ Open Respir Res 2023; 10:e001589. [PMID: 37479504 PMCID: PMC10364189 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and clinical studies have indicated an association between particulate matter (PM) exposure and acute and chronic pulmonary inflammation, which may be registered as increased mortality and morbidity. Despite the increasing evidence, the pathophysiology mechanism of these PMs is still not fully characterised. Pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs), as a predominant cell in the lung, play a critically important role in these pathological mechanisms. Toxin exposure triggers events associated with macrophage activation, including oxidative stress, acute damage, tissue disruption, remodelling and fibrosis. Targeting macrophage may potentially be employed to treat these types of lung inflammation without affecting the natural immune response to bacterial infections. Biological toxins, their sources of exposure, physical and other properties, and their effects on the individuals are summarised in this article. Inhaled particulates from air pollution and toxic gases containing chemicals can interact with alveolar epithelial cells and immune cells in the airways. PAMs can sense ambient pollutants and be stimulated, triggering cellular signalling pathways. These cells are highly adaptable and can change their function and phenotype in response to inhaled agents. PAMs also have the ability to polarise and undergo plasticity in response to tissue damage, while maintaining resistance to exposure to inhaled agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Tapak
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Alinasab Hospital, Labratory Department, Iranian Social Security Organization (ISSO), Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somaye Sadeghi
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tooba Ghazanfari
- Immunoregulation Research Centre, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nariman Mosaffa
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Auto repair workers exposed to PM2.5 particulate matter in Barranquilla, Colombia: telomere length and hematological parameters. MUTATION RESEARCH/GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2023; 887:503597. [PMID: 37003649 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to 2.5 µm particulate matter (PM2.5) in automotive repair shops is associated with risks to health. We evaluated the effects of occupational exposure to PM2.5 among auto repair-shop workers. Blood and urine samples were collected from 110 volunteers from Barranquilla, Colombia: 55 active workers and 55 controls. PM2.5 concentrations were assessed at each of the sampling sites and chemical content was analyzed by SEM-EDS electron microscopy. The biological samples obtained were peripheral blood (hematological profiling, DNA extraction) and urine (malondialdehyde concentration). Telomere length was assessed by qPCR and polymorphisms in the glutathione transferase genes GSTT1 and GSTM1 by PCR-RFLP, with confirmation by allelic exclusion. White blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte (LYM%) and platelet (PLT) counts and the malondialdehyde concentration were higher (4.10 ± 0.93) in the exposed group compared to the control group (1.56 ± 0.96). TL was shorter (5071 ± 891) in the exposed individuals compared to the control group (6271 ± 805). White blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts were positively associated with exposure. Age and TBARS were correlated with TL in exposed individuals. The GSTT1 gene alleles were not in Hardy-Weinberg (H-W) equilibrium. The GSTM1 gene alleles were in H-W equilibrium and allelic exclusion analysis confirmed the presence of heterozygous GSTM1 genotypes. SEM-EDS analysis showed the presence of potentially toxic elements, including Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Rh, Zn, and Cu. Auto repair shop workers showed effects that may be associated with exposure to mixtures of pollutants present in PM2.5. The GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes had independent modulatory effects.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhi Y, Chen X, Cao G, Chen F, Seo HS, Li F. The effects of air pollutants exposure on the transmission and severity of invasive infection caused by an opportunistic pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119826. [PMID: 35932897 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Currently, urbanization is associated with an increase in air pollutants that contribute to invasive pathogen infections by altering the host's innate immunity and antimicrobial resistance capability. Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as Group A Streptococcus (GAS), is a gram-positive opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide range of diseases, especially in children and immunosuppressed individuals. Diesel exhaust particle (DEP), a significant constituent of particulate matter (PM), are considered a prominent risk factor for respiratory illness and circulatory diseases worldwide. Several clinical and epidemiological studies have identified a close association between PM and the prevalence of viral and bacterial infections. This study investigated the role of DEP exposure in increasing pulmonary and blood bacterial counts and mortality during GAS M1 strain infection in mice. Thus, we characterized the upregulation of reactive oxygen species production and disruption of tight junctions in the A549 lung epithelial cell line due to DEP exposure, leading to the upregulation of GAS adhesion and invasion. Furthermore, DEP exposure altered the leukocyte components of infiltrated cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, as determined by Diff-Quik staining. The results highlighted the DEP-related macrophage dysfunction, neutrophil impairment, and imbalance in pro-inflammatory cytokine production via the toll-like receptor 4/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling axis. Notably, the tolerance of the GAS biofilms toward potent antibiotics and bacterial resistance against environmental stresses was also significantly enhanced by DEP. This study aimed to provide a better understanding of the physiological and molecular interactions between exposure to invasive air pollutants and susceptibility to invasive GAS infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Guangxu Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Fengjia Chen
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Seong Seo
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Awolaja OO, Lawal AO, Folorunso IM, Elekofehinti OO, Umar HI. Silibinin ameliorates the cardiovascular oxidative and inflammatory effects of type-2-diabetic rats exposed to air particulate matter. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2123536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olamide O. Awolaja
- Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Akeem O. Lawal
- Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ibukun M. Folorunso
- Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Olusola O. Elekofehinti
- Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Haruna I. Umar
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Group, FUTA, Akure, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Misiukiewicz-Stepien P, Paplinska-Goryca M. Biological effect of PM 10 on airway epithelium-focus on obstructive lung diseases. Clin Immunol 2021; 227:108754. [PMID: 33964432 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a continuous increase in environmental pollution has been observed. Despite wide-scale efforts to reduce air pollutant emissions, the problem is still relevant. Exposure to elevated levels of airborne particles increased the incidence of respiratory diseases. PM10 constitute the largest fraction of air pollutants, containing particles with a diameter of less than 10 μm, metals, pollens, mineral dust and remnant material from anthropogenic activity. The natural airway defensive mechanisms against inhaled material, such as mucus layer, ciliary clearance and macrophage phagocytic activity, may be insufficient for proper respiratory function. The epithelium layer can be disrupted by ongoing oxidative stress and inflammatory processes induced by exposure to large amounts of inhaled particles as well as promote the development and exacerbation of obstructive lung diseases. This review draws attention to the current state of knowledge about the physical features of PM10 and its impact on airway epithelial cells, and obstructive pulmonary diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Misiukiewicz-Stepien
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang YL, Zheng CM, Lee YH, Cheng YY, Lin YF, Chiu HW. Micro- and Nanosized Substances Cause Different Autophagy-Related Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4787. [PMID: 33946416 PMCID: PMC8124422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With rapid industrialization, humans produce an increasing number of products. The composition of these products is usually decomposed. However, some substances are not easily broken down and gradually become environmental pollutants. In addition, these substances may cause bioaccumulation, since the substances can be fragmented into micro- and nanoparticles. These particles or their interactions with other toxic matter circulate in humans via the food chain or air. Whether these micro- and nanoparticles interfere with extracellular vesicles (EVs) due to their similar sizes is unclear. Micro- and nanoparticles (MSs and NSs) induce several cell responses and are engulfed by cells depending on their size, for example, particulate matter with a diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5). Autophagy is a mechanism by which pathogens are destroyed in cells. Some artificial materials are not easily decomposed in organisms. How do these cells or tissues respond? In addition, autophagy operates through two pathways (increasing cell death or cell survival) in tumorigenesis. Many MSs and NSs have been found that induce autophagy in various cells and tissues. As a result, this review focuses on how these particles interfere with cells and tissues. Here, we review MSs, NSs, and PM2.5, which result in different autophagy-related responses in various tissues or cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Li Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-F.L.)
| | - Cai-Mei Zheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan;
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Yun Cheng
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-F.L.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan;
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-F.L.)
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sueiro-Benavides RA, Leiro-Vidal JM, Salas-Sánchez AÁ, Rodríguez-González JA, Ares-Pena FJ, López-Martín ME. Radiofrequency at 2.45 GHz increases toxicity, pro-inflammatory and pre-apoptotic activity caused by black carbon in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 765:142681. [PMID: 33071139 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors such as air pollution by particles and/or electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are studied as harmful agents for human health. We analyzed whether the combined action of EMF with fine and coarse black carbon (BC) particles induced cell damage and inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cell line macrophages exposed to 2.45 GHz in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) chamber at sub-thermal specific absorption rate (SAR) levels. Radiofrequency (RF) dramatically increased BC-induced toxicity at high doses in the first 24 h and toxicity levels remained high 72 h later for all doses. The increase in macrophage phagocytosis induced after 24 h of RF and the high nitrite levels obtained by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin 24 and 72 h after radiation exposure suggests a prolongation of the innate and inflammatory immune response. The increase of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, after 24 h, and of interleukin-1β and caspase-3, after 72 h, indicated activation of the pro-inflammatory response and the apoptosis pathways through the combined effect of radiation and BC. Our results indicate that the interaction of BC and RF modifies macrophage immune response, activates apoptosis, and accelerates cell toxicity, by which it can activate the induction of hypersensitivity reactions and autoimmune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Ana Sueiro-Benavides
- Research Institute on Chemical and Biological Analysis, Dept. of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Jose Manuel Leiro-Vidal
- Research Institute on Chemical and Biological Analysis, Dept. of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Aarón Ángel Salas-Sánchez
- CRETUS Institute, Dept. Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; ELEDIA@UniTN - DISI - University of Trento, 38123, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy.
| | - J Antonio Rodríguez-González
- CRETUS Institute, Dept. Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Ares-Pena
- CRETUS Institute, Dept. Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - M Elena López-Martín
- CRETUS Institute, Dept. Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Geniposide, a Principal Component of Gardeniae Fructus, Protects Skin from Diesel Exhaust Particulate Matter-Induced Oxidative Damage. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8847358. [PMID: 33603823 PMCID: PMC7872751 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8847358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gardeniae Fructus (GF) is the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and is traditionally prescribed to treat pyogenic infections and skin ulcers. This study investigated the protective effects of GF and the underlying mechanism responsible for these effects on diesel exhaust particulate matter- (DEP-) induced skin damage. The protective effects of an ethanolic extract of GF (GFE) and its constituents (geniposidic acid, gardenoside, geniposide, chlorogenic acid, and genipin) were examined by analyzing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis, and tight junction (TJ) protein expression in HaCaT cells. Treatment with GFE dose-dependently inhibited intracellular ROS production and apoptosis by regulating the protein expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, and cytochrome C in DEP-stimulated (100 μg/ml) HaCaT cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that the protective effects of GFE were related to its activation of Nrf2 and HO-1 signaling in HaCaT cells. Geniposide, a main constituent of GFE, enhanced the expression of occludin in DEP-stimulated HaCaT cells. Furthermore, topical application of geniposide reduced the expressions of 8-OHdG and Bax and increased the expression of occludin in the dorsal skin lesions of DEP-stimulated mice. Gardeniae Fructus and its main component geniposide are potential candidates for the repair of DEP-induced skin damage due to their antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities.
Collapse
|
14
|
Shen M, Song Y, Ichinose T, Morita K, Wang D, Arashidani K, Yoshida Y. In vivo immune activation of splenocytes following exposure to tar from Asian sand dust. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2020; 83:649-658. [PMID: 32819208 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1806160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution, especially that initiated by particulate matter (PM), has been implicated as a risk factor for several inflammatory diseases. Previously, it was reported that PM enhances immune responses. PM includes the tar fraction that contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which produce adverse health effects in exposed individuals. However, the influence of the tar fraction (as a component of PM) on splenocytes is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the tar fraction extracted from PM collected from the atmosphere in Fukuoka, Japan, on mouse splenocytes. ICR mice were administered tar (1 or 5 μg/mouse) intratracheally 4 times at 2-week intervals, and splenocytes from the tar-treated mice were extracted and examined. The parameters determined were proliferation, cytokine concentrations and transcription factors activation. Following tar treatment, splenocyte proliferation increased relative to controls. Concanavalin A (ConA)-induced interleukin (IL)-2 formation and ConA- or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced interferon-γ production were elevated in splenocytes from tar-exposed mice. However, the production of tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6 induced by LPS was not markedly changed following tar treatment. Further, nuclear factor of activated T cells, but not nuclear factor-κB, was enhanced in splenocytes of tar-exposed mice. Data indicate that tar-activated splenocytes and PM-bound PAHs might contribute to T cell activation in the spleen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyue Shen
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yuan Song
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Kitakyushu, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Takamichi Ichinose
- Department of Health Sciences, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences , Oita, Japan
| | - Kentaro Morita
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Duo Wang
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Keiichi Arashidani
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Kitakyushu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xiong L, Ouyang KH, Chen H, Yang ZW, Hu WB, Wang N, Liu X, Wang WJ. Immunomodulatory effect of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide in cyclophosphamide induced immunocompromised mice. BIOACTIVE CARBOHYDRATES AND DIETARY FIBRE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2020.100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
16
|
Herman M, Tarran R. E-cigarettes, nicotine, the lung and the brain: multi-level cascading pathophysiology. J Physiol 2020; 598:5063-5071. [PMID: 32515030 DOI: 10.1113/jp278388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is highly addictive and causes respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease and multiple types of cancer. Electronic-cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are non-combustible tobacco alternatives that aerosolize nicotine and flavouring agents in a propylene glycol-vegetable glycerine vehicle. They were originally envisaged as a tobacco cessation aid, but whether or not they help people to quit tobacco use is controversial. In this review, we have compared and contrasted what is known regarding the effects of nicotine on the lungs vs. the effects of nicotine in the brain in the context of addiction. Critically, both combustible tobacco products and e-cigarettes contain nicotine, a highly addictive, plant-derived alkaloid that binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Nicotine's reinforcing properties are primarily mediated by activation of the brain's mesolimbic reward circuitry and release of the neurotransmitter dopamine that contribute to the development of addiction. Moreover, nicotine addiction drives repeated intake that results in chronic pulmonary exposure to either tobacco smoke or e-cigarettes despite negative respiratory symptoms. Beyond the brain, nAChRs are also highly expressed in peripheral neurons, epithelia and immune cells, where their activation may cause harmful effects. Thus, nicotine, a key ingredient of both conventional and electronic cigarettes, produces neurological effects that drive addiction and may damage the lungs in the process, producing a complex, multilevel pathological state. We conclude that vaping needs to be studied by multi-disciplinary teams that include pulmonary and neurophysiologists as well as behaviourists and addiction specialists to fully understand their impact on human physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Herman
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Robert Tarran
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
León-Mejía G, Quintana-Sosa M, de Moya Hernandez Y, Rodríguez IL, Trindade C, Romero MA, Luna-Carrascal J, Ortíz LO, Acosta-Hoyos A, Ruiz-Benitez M, Valencia KF, Rohr P, da Silva J, Henriques JAP. DNA repair and metabolic gene polymorphisms affect genetic damage due to diesel engine exhaust exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20516-20526. [PMID: 32246425 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08533-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is a complex mixture of toxic gases, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, alkyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene derivatives, metals and diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) generated from the incomplete combustion of diesel fuel. Many of the compounds in this mixture can cause oxidative damage to DNA and are considered carcinogenic for humans. Further, chronic DEE exposure increases risks of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Despite these pervasive health risks, there is limited and inconsistent information regarding genetic factors conferring susceptibility or resistance to DEE genotoxicity. The present study evaluated the effects of polymorphisms in two base excision repair (BER) genes (OGG1 Ser326Cys and XRCC1 Arg280His), one homologous recombination (HRR) gene (XRCC3 Thr241Met) and two xenobiotic metabolism genes (GSTM1 and GSTT1) on the genotoxicity profiles among 123 mechanics exposed to workplace DEE. Polymorphisms were determined by PCR-RFLP. In comet assay, individuals with the GSTT1 null genotype demonstrated significantly greater % tail DNA in lymphocytes than those with non-null genotype. In contrast, these null individuals exhibited significantly lower frequencies of binucleated (BN) cells and nuclear buds (NBUDs) in buccal cells than non-null individuals. Heterozygous hOGG1 326 individuals (hOGG1 326 Ser/Cys) exhibited higher buccal cell NBUD frequency than hOGG1 326 Ser/Ser individuals. Individuals carrying the XRCC3 241 Met/Met polymorphism also showed significantly higher buccal cell NBUD frequencies than those carrying the XRCC3 241 Thr/Thr polymorphism. We found a high flow of particulate matter with a diameter of < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) in the workplace. The most abundant metals in DEPs were iron, copper, silicon and manganese as detected by transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDX). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) revealed particles with diameters smaller than PM2.5, including nanoparticles forming aggregates and agglomerates. Our results demonstrate the genotoxic effects of DEE and the critical influence of genetic susceptibility conferred by DNA repair and metabolic gene polymorphisms that shed light into the understanding of underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grethel León-Mejía
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia.
| | - Milton Quintana-Sosa
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | | | - Ibeth Luna Rodríguez
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Cristiano Trindade
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Marco Anaya Romero
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Jaime Luna-Carrascal
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Ludis Oliveros Ortíz
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Antonio Acosta-Hoyos
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Martha Ruiz-Benitez
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Karen Franco Valencia
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Paula Rohr
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Campus Carreiros, Av. Itália km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96201-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - João Antônio Pêgas Henriques
- Departamento de Biofísica, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Molfino A, Amabile MI, Muscaritoli M, Germano A, Alfano R, Ramaccini C, Spagnoli A, Cavaliere L, Marseglia G, Nardone A, Muto G, Carbone U, Triassi M, Fiorito S. Association Between Metabolic and Hormonal Derangements and Professional Exposure to Urban Pollution in a High Intensity Traffic Area. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:509. [PMID: 32849295 PMCID: PMC7431614 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Studies suggest a relation between exposure to air particulate matter (PM)2.5 pollution and greater cardiovascular morbidity, as well as increased risk for obesity and diabetes. We aimed to identify association(s) between nutritional and metabolic status and exposure to environmental pollution in a cohort of policemen exposed to high levels of air pollution. Methods: We considered adult municipal policemen, working in an urban area at high-traffic density with documented high levels of air PM2.5 (exposed group) compared to non-exposed policemen. Clinical characteristics, including the presence/absence of metabolic syndrome, were recorded, and serum biomarkers, including adiponectin, leptin, and ghrelin, were assessed. Results: One hundred ninety-nine participants were enrolled, 100 in the exposed group and 99 in the non-exposed group. Metabolic syndrome was documented in 32% of exposed group and in 52.5% of non-exposed group (P = 0.008). In the exposed group, we found a positive correlation between body mass index and serum leptin as well as in the non-exposed group (P < 0.0001). Within the exposed group, subjects with metabolic syndrome showed lower serum adiponectin (P < 0.0001) and higher leptin (P = 0.002) levels with respect to those without metabolic syndrome, whereas in the non-exposed group, subjects with metabolic syndrome showed only higher leptin levels when compared to those without metabolic syndrome (P = 0.01). Among the participants with metabolic syndrome, we found lower adiponectin levels in those of the exposed group with respect to the non-exposed ones (P = 0.007). When comparing the exposed and non-exposed groups, after stratifying participants for Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance >2.5, we found lower adiponectin levels in those of the exposed group with respect to the non-exposed ones (P = 0.038). Conclusions: Exposure to air PM pollution was associated with lower levels of adiponectin in adult males with metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Molfino
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessio Molfino
| | - Maria Ida Amabile
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Muscaritoli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rossella Alfano
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cesarina Ramaccini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Spagnoli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonio Nardone
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Muto
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Umberto Carbone
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvana Fiorito
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Rome, Italy
- Silvana Fiorito
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang SI, Kim HB, Kim HC, Lee SY, Kang MJ, Cho HJ, Yoon J, Jung S, Lee E, Yang HJ, Ahn K, Kim KW, Shin YH, Suh DI, Hong SJ. Particulate matter at third trimester and respiratory infection in infants, modified by GSTM1. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:245-253. [PMID: 31746563 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5 ) exposure during each trimester of pregnancy and development of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) during the first 3 years of life and whether GSTM1 gene polymorphisms modify these effects. METHODS This study included 1,180 mother-child pairs from the Cohort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases. The PM2.5 levels during pregnancy were estimated by residential address using land-use regression models based on a national monitoring system. A diagnosis of LRTIs was based on a parental report of a physician's diagnosis. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for GSTM1 genotyping. RESULTS Higher PM2.5 exposure during the third trimester was associated with LRTIs at 1 year of age (aRR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.00-1.13). This result did not change after adjusting for PM2.5 exposures during the first and second trimesters (aRR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.99-1.13). This association was significant after adjusting for PM2.5 exposures during first year of age (aRR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02-1.15) and exposures to NO2 and ozone at the third trimester (aRR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.00-1.16). In addition, PM2.5 exposure during the third trimester increased the risk of LRTIs at 1 year of age in cases with the GSTM1 null genotype (aRR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.01-1.57; P for interaction .20). CONCLUSION Higher PM2.5 exposure during the third trimester of pregnancy may increase the susceptibility to LRTIs at 1 year of age. This effect is modified by GSTM1 gene polymorphisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-I Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hwan-Cheol Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, International St Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jisun Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Mediplex Sejong Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sungsu Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kangmo Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youn Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong In Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gibbs JL, Dallon BW, Lewis JB, Walton CM, Arroyo JA, Reynolds PR, Bikman BT. Diesel Exhaust Particle Exposure Compromises Alveolar Macrophage Mitochondrial Bioenergetics. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225598. [PMID: 31717476 PMCID: PMC6888061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are known pathogenic pollutants that constitute a significant quantity of air pollution. Given the ubiquitous presence of macrophages throughout the body, including the lungs, as well as their critical role in tissue and organismal metabolic function, we sought to determine the effect of DEP exposure on macrophage mitochondrial function. Following daily DEP exposure in mice, pulmonary macrophages were isolated for mitochondrial analyses, revealing reduced respiration rates and dramatically elevated H2O2 levels. Serum ceramides and inflammatory cytokines were increased. To determine the degree to which the changes in mitochondrial function in macrophages were not dependent on any cross-cell communication, primary pulmonary murine macrophages were used to replicate the DEP exposure in a cell culture model. We observed similar changes as seen in pulmonary macrophages, namely diminished mitochondrial respiration, but increased H2O2 production. Interestingly, when treated with myriocin to inhibit ceramide biosynthesis, these DEP-induced mitochondrial changes were mitigated. Altogether, these data suggest that DEP exposure may compromise macrophage mitochondrial and whole-body function via pathologic alterations in macrophage ceramide metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L. Gibbs
- Metabolism Research Lab, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Blake W. Dallon
- Metabolism Research Lab, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Joshua B. Lewis
- Lung and Placental Research Lab, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Chase M. Walton
- Metabolism Research Lab, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Juan A. Arroyo
- Lung and Placental Research Lab, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Paul R. Reynolds
- Lung and Placental Research Lab, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Benjamin T. Bikman
- Metabolism Research Lab, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
TF-343 Alleviates Diesel Exhaust Particulate-Induced Lung Inflammation via Modulation of Nuclear Factor- κB Signaling. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:8315845. [PMID: 31781683 PMCID: PMC6875297 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8315845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhalation of diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) causes oxidative stress-induced lung inflammation. This study investigated the protective effects of TF-343, an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, in mouse and cellular models of DEP-induced lung inflammation as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. Mice were intratracheally instilled with DEP or vehicle (0.05% Tween 80 in saline). TF-343 was orally administered for 3 weeks. Cell counts and histological analysis of lung tissue showed that DEP exposure increased the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages in the peribronchial/perivascular/interstitial regions, with macrophages harboring black pigments observed in alveoli. TF-343 pretreatment reduced lung inflammation caused by DEP exposure. In an in vitro study using alveolar macrophages (AMs), DEP exposure reduced cell viability and increased the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and inflammatory genes (IL-1β, inhibitor of nuclear factor- (NF-) κB (IκB), and Toll-like receptor 4), effects that were reduced by TF-343. A western blot analysis showed that the IκB degradation-induced increase in NF-κB nuclear localization caused by DEP was reversed by TF-343. In conclusion, TF-343 reduces DEP-induced lung inflammation by suppressing NF-κB signaling and may protect against adverse respiratory effects caused by DEP exposure.
Collapse
|
22
|
Murrison LB, Brandt EB, Myers JB, Hershey GKK. Environmental exposures and mechanisms in allergy and asthma development. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:1504-1515. [PMID: 30741719 DOI: 10.1172/jci124612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental exposures interplay with human host factors to promote the development and progression of allergic diseases. The worldwide prevalence of allergic disease is rising as a result of complex gene-environment interactions that shape the immune system and host response. Research shows an association between the rise of allergic diseases and increasingly modern Westernized lifestyles, which are characterized by increased urbanization, time spent indoors, and antibiotic usage. These environmental changes result in increased exposure to air and traffic pollution, fungi, infectious agents, tobacco smoke, and other early-life and lifelong risk factors for the development and exacerbation of asthma and allergic diseases. It is increasingly recognized that the timing, load, and route of allergen exposure affect allergic disease phenotypes and development. Still, our ability to prevent allergic diseases is hindered by gaps in understanding of the underlying mechanisms and interaction of environmental, viral, and allergen exposures with immune pathways that impact disease development. This Review highlights epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence linking environmental exposures to the development and exacerbation of allergic airway responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liza Bronner Murrison
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Eric B Brandt
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jocelyn Biagini Myers
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bølling AK, Steensen TB, Alexis NE, Sikkeland LIB. Isolating and culturing of sputum macrophages: A potential ex vivo/in vitro model. Exp Lung Res 2018; 44:312-322. [PMID: 30465455 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2018.1539788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper aimed to test whether induced sputum samples acquired from human volunteers could be used to isolate and culture airway macrophages for in vitro exposures. This was assessed in terms of the culturing success rate, culture purity, viability and responsiveness of cultured cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The isolation and culturing procedure was performed over three days. On Day 1, induced sputum samples were obtained, processed and seeded in culture wells. Differential cell counts and viability tests were performed to allow for calculation of viable macrophage numbers and appropriate sample dilution. After a 1 h rest, seeded wells were washed to remove non-adherent cells, resulting in macrophage isolation. Then, cells rested overnight (Day 1-Day 2), before in vitro exposure for 2-24 h (Day 2-Day 3). The criteria for progressing into the culturing procedure was cell viability >40% and total cell number >106. Successful culturing was evaluated based on cell attachment (N = 40). Culture purity by differential cell analysis and viability was monitored during culturing (N = 4-8). Macrophage responsivity was assessed by measurement of inflammatory cytokine gene expression (N = 4) and cytokine levels (N = 6) following in vitro exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (2-24 h) and live bacteria (S. aureus) (4h). RESULTS Overall, 88% (35/40) of the samples acquired were suitable for isolation, and 80% (32/40) were successfully progressed through the 2-3 day culturing protocol. Macrophage purity (88%) and viability (85%) were adequate. Moreover, cultured macrophages were responsive to in vitro stimulation with LPS and viable S. aureus showing positive mRNA responses for TNFα, IL-1β and IL-8 and release of IL-1β, respectively. CONCLUSION Sputum macrophage isolation by plate adherence and subsequent culturing of sputum macrophages was successfully performed and represents a promising in vitro model for examination of airway macrophage behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anette Kocbach Bølling
- a Domain of Infection Control and Environmental Health , Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Oslo , Norway
| | - Tonje Berg Steensen
- a Domain of Infection Control and Environmental Health , Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Oslo , Norway
| | - Neil E Alexis
- b Asthma and Lung Biology , Center for Environmental Medicine , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
| | - Liv Ingunn Bjoner Sikkeland
- c Department of Respiratory Medicine , Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital AND University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| |
Collapse
|