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Adebisi YA, Lucero-Prisno III DE, Ogaya JB, Cañezo Jr. VC, Niez RA, Delos Santos FE, Magramo MM, Yap-Tan AR, Sy FAR, Kasimieh O. Predictors and Prevalence of Alcohol and Cannabis Co-use Among Filipino Adolescents: Evidence From a School-based Student Health Survey. J Prev Med Public Health 2024; 57:288-297. [PMID: 38726577 PMCID: PMC11164607 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.24.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored the prevalence and predictors of alcohol and cannabis co-use among 9263 Filipino adolescents, using data from the 2019 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis of the GSHS, targeting adolescents aged 13-17 years and excluding cases with incomplete data on alcohol and cannabis use. Our analysis employed the bivariate chi-square test of independence and multivariable logistic regression using Stata version 18 to identify significant predictors of co-use, with a p-value threshold set at 0.05. RESULTS The weighted prevalence of co-users was 4.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.4 to 5.3). Significant predictors included male sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.50; 95% CI, 3.31 to 6.10; p<0.001) and being in a lower academic year, specifically grade 7 (aOR, 4.08; 95% CI, 2.39 to 6.99; p<0.001) and grade 8 (aOR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.30 to 3.72; p=0.003). Poor sleep quality was also a significant predictor (aOR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.29 to 2.44; p<0.001), as was a history of attempted suicide (aOR, 5.31; 95% CI, 4.00 to 7.06; p<0.001). Physical inactivity was associated with lower odds of co-use (aOR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.62; p<0.001). Additionally, non-attendance of physical education classes (aOR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.06 to 2.05; p=0.021), infrequent unapproved parental checks (aOR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.80; p=0.024), and lower parental awareness of free-time activities (aOR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.87; p=0.005) were associated with higher odds of co-use. Factors not significantly linked to co-use included age group, being in grade 9, always feeling lonely, having no close friends, being bullied outside school, and whether a parent or guardian understood the adolescent's worries. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the critical need for comprehensive interventions in the Philippines, addressing not only physical inactivity and parental monitoring but also focusing on sex, academic grade, participation in physical education classes, sleep quality, and suicide attempt history, to effectively reduce alcohol and cannabis co-use among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jerico B. Ogaya
- Department of Medical Technology, Far Eastern University, Manila, Philippines
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Omar Kasimieh
- University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
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Elam KK, Su J, Kutzner J, Trevino A. Individual Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms Within Racially-Ethnically Diverse Youth: Associations with Polygenic Risk for Depression and Substance Use Intent and Perceived Harm. Behav Genet 2024; 54:86-100. [PMID: 38097814 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-023-10167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
There are distinct individual trajectories of depressive symptoms across adolescence which are most often differentiated into low, moderate/stable, and high/increasing groups. Research has found genetic predisposition for depression associated with trajectories characterized by greater depressive symptoms. However, the majority of this research has been conducted in White youth. Moreover, a separate literature indicates that trajectories with elevated depressive symptoms can result in substance use. It is critical to identify depressive symptom trajectories, genetic predictors, and substance use outcomes in diverse samples in early adolescence to understand distinct processes and convey equitable benefits from research. Using data from the Adolescent Cognitive Brain Development Study (ABCD), we examined parent-reported depressive symptom trajectories within Black/African American (AA, n = 1783), White/European American (EA, n = 6179), and Hispanic/Latinx (LX, n = 2410) youth across four annual assessments in early adolescence (age 9-10 to 12-13). We examined racially/ethnically aligned polygenic scores (Dep-PGS) as predictors of trajectories as well as substance use intent and perceived substance use harm as outcomes at age 12-13. Differential trajectories were found in AA, EA, and LX youth but low and high trajectories were represented within each group. In EA youth, greater Dep-PGS were broadly associated with membership in trajectories with greater depressive symptoms. Genetic effects were not significant in AA and LX youth. In AA youth, membership in the low trajectory was associated with greater substance use intent. In EA youth, membership in trajectories with higher depressive symptoms was associated with greater substance use intent and less perceived harm. There were no associations between trajectories and substance use intent and perceived harm in LX youth. These findings indicate that there are distinct depressive symptom trajectories in AA, EA, and LX youth, accompanied by unique associations with genetic predisposition for depressive symptoms and substance use outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit K Elam
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University, 1025 E. 7th St., Suite 116, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
| | - Jinni Su
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Phoenix, USA
| | - Jodi Kutzner
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University, 1025 E. 7th St., Suite 116, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Angel Trevino
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Phoenix, USA
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Zhen-Duan J, Banks DE, Ferreira C, Zhang L, Valentino K, Alegría M. Mexican-origin parent and child reported neighborhood factors and youth substance use. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1241002. [PMID: 38107000 PMCID: PMC10722282 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1241002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Structural oppression affects health behaviors through residence in suboptimal neighborhoods and exposure to community violence. Youth and parents report perceptions of neighborhood factors that can affect youth substance use behaviors. Given that Latinx youth report higher levels of perceived community violence than other racial and ethnic groups, it is imperative to examine how youth- and parent-perceived neighborhood-level factors may relate to youth substance use. Methods Data were collected using clinical interviews with family triads (fathers, mothers, and youth) and parent-child dyads (father or mother and youth) enrolled in the Seguimos Avanzando study of 344 Mexican-origin families in Indiana. Neighborhood measures, including perceptions of exposure to violence, neighborhood characteristics, and neighborhood collective efficacy, were included in parent and youth surveys. Self-report measures for past year alcohol and drug use were included in the youth survey only. T-tests were conducted to estimate differences in neighborhood reports among the sample triads. A series of linear regression models were used to estimate the associations between youth-, mother-, and father-reported perceptions of neighborhood factors and youth substance use. Results Preliminary results indicate that fathers reported higher levels of exposure to violence than mothers [t(163) = 2.33, p = 0.02] and youth [t(173) = 3.61, p < 0.001]. Youth reported lower negative neighborhood characteristics than mothers [t(329) = 6.43, p < 0.001] and fathers [t(169) = 3.73, p < 0.001]. Youth reported significantly better neighborhood collective efficacy than mothers [t(296) = 3.14, p = 0.002], but not statistically different from fathers. Results from the primary analysis showed that youth exposure to violence was positively associated with youth substance use (b = 0.24, SE = 0.06, p < 0.0001), but the youth's neighborhood characteristics and collective efficacy were not significantly associated with youth substance use. None of the parent-reported neighborhood variables were associated with youth substance use. Conclusion The discrepant findings between parent and youth reports of perceived neighborhood characteristics and substance use have important implications for researchers and community stakeholders, and for developing targeted interventions and prevention strategies. Our study highlights the need to address youth experience of community violence and to prioritize creating safe and inclusive neighborhood environments. Potential strategies include improving community resources, strengthening social support networks, promoting open communication about neighborhood risks, and fostering collaborative efforts to address substance use behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Zhen-Duan
- Disparities Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Devin E. Banks
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Caroline Ferreira
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Disparities Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kristin Valentino
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Margarita Alegría
- Disparities Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MO, United States
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Schouten MJ, Derksen ME, Dekker JJ, Goudriaan AE, Blankers M. Preferences of young adults on the development of a new digital add-on alcohol intervention for depression treatment: A qualitative study. Internet Interv 2023; 33:100641. [PMID: 37559821 PMCID: PMC10407662 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2023.100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the preferences of young adults with regard to the development of a new digital add-on alcohol intervention to complement depression treatment. METHODS This qualitative study included young adults (18-35 years) with experience of either problematic alcohol use or depression or both (n = 29). Two rounds of focus groups were conducted, with two focus groups in each round. All focus groups were recorded, transcribed and analysed deductively and inductively on the basis of qualitative content analysis of the intervention type, features and design. RESULTS Young adults preferred a mobile health application with a clear and simple objective and navigation which was also accessible on a computer. With regard to intervention features, participants indicated a preference for in-depth, gain-framed information on alcohol use and a main feature enabling them to record their alcohol use and mood, which would be rewarded. Other preferences included personal goal-setting and monitoring, an activity list, experience stories, peer contact, guidance from experts by experience or volunteers and receiving notifications from the application. In terms of design, participants preferred short, animated videos and animation figure illustrations to complement written text. Moreover, participants rated the design of the intervention as highly important, yet very personal. Generally, participants preferred a light pastel colour scheme. Once again, participants indicated a need for a clear dashboard using pictograms to reduce the amount of text and fast, easy-to-use navigation. CONCLUSION The preferences indicated by young adults with regard to the intervention type, features and design may enhance the development of a new digital add-on alcohol intervention to complement depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J.E. Schouten
- Arkin Mental Health Care, Department of Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marloes E. Derksen
- Arkin Mental Health Care, Department of Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Digital Health & Mental Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Informatics, eHealth Living & Learning Lab, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jack J.M. Dekker
- Arkin Mental Health Care, Department of Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna E. Goudriaan
- Arkin Mental Health Care, Department of Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Digital Health & Mental Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Blankers
- Arkin Mental Health Care, Department of Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Hinckley JD, Mikulich-Gilbertson SK, He JP, Bhatia D, Ellingson JM, Nguyenkhoa Vu B, Ries Merikangas K, Sakai JT. Cannabis Use Is Associated With Depression Severity and Suicidality in the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement. JAACAP OPEN 2023; 1:24-35. [PMID: 37538853 PMCID: PMC10400070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaacop.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the association of cannabis use with major depression and suicidal behavior in adolescence. Method Data are from the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement N = 10 , 123 , a nationally representative survey of adolescents aged 13 to 18 years. Weighted logistic regression and ordinal regression analyses of major depression and suicidal behavior outcomes were conducted on cannabis variables, incorporating sociodemographic characteristics. Results Adolescents with lifetime cannabis use have 2.07 times higher odds of mild/moderate (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]; 95% CI = 1.69 , 2.53 ) and 3.32 times higher odds of severe major depressive disorder (MDD; aOR; 95% CI = 2.31 , 4.75 ). Cannabis use (aOR 6.90, 95% CI = 4.67 , 10.19 ), mild/moderate MDD (aOR 4.10, 95% CI = 2.82 , 5.98 ), and severe MDD (aOR 13.97, 95% CI = 7.59, 25.70) were associated with higher odds of suicide attempt. Past 12-month cannabis use (aOR 3.70, 95% CI = 2.16, 6.32), mild/moderate major depressive episodes (MDE) (aOR 7.85, 95% CI = 3.59 , 17.17 ), and severe MDE (aOR 36.36, 95% CI = 13.68 , 96.64 ) were associated with higher odds of suicide attempt. The frequency of past 12-month cannabis use was associated with higher odds of suicide attempt and with MDE severity, with higher odds among individuals who use cannabis 3 or more days than among individuals who use cannabis less frequently, suggesting a dose effect. Among cannabis users, older age of onset of cannabis use was associated with lower odds of suicidal behaviors. Conclusion Cannabis use is associated with higher odds of depression and depression severity in adolescence. Furthermore, depression and cannabis use are independently associated with higher odds of suicide attempt. Diversity & Inclusion Statement We worked to ensure sex and gender balance in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure race, ethnic, and/or other types of diversity in the recruitment of human participants. The author list of this paper includes contributors from the location and/or community where the research was conducted who participated in the data collection, design, analysis, and/or interpretation of the work. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science. We actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in our author group. We actively worked to promote inclusion of historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science in our author group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan K Mikulich-Gilbertson
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jian-Ping He
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program at the National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Devika Bhatia
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | | | - Kathleen Ries Merikangas
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program at the National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joseph T Sakai
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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Park H, Kim T, Kim J. Longitudinal pathways from adolescent depressive symptoms to cardiovascular disease risk in adulthood. Soc Sci Med 2023; 318:115657. [PMID: 36608363 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Despite existing literature on the impact of adolescent depressive symptoms on a variety of youth outcomes, little is known about whether and how adolescent depressive symptoms are associated with physical health in adulthood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal association between adolescent depressive symptoms and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adulthood. An extensive list of potential mechanisms underlying this association, including health behaviors, substance use, academic effort and achievement, and school-based relationships, was also examined. METHODS Using the sibling sample from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 3011), this study employed sibling fixed-effects models to address unobservable family-level confounders, such as genetic factors, parental and familial characteristics, and school and neighborhood environments. RESULTS Adolescent depressive symptoms were associated with an increased risk of CVD in about 13 years later (b = 0.698). Sibling fixed-effects estimates revealed that, despite some attenuation (approximately 31%), this association is robust to adjustment for unobserved family-level heterogeneity. Substance use and academic effort/achievement explained about 35% and 16% of the association between adolescent depressive symptoms and adult CVD risk, respectively. In contrast, health behaviors and school-based relationships played little or no role in mediating the association. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest that policymakers and practitioners may wish to develop interventions to reduce adolescent depressive symptoms and to help adolescents with depressive symptoms avoid substance use and promote effort in school. Early interventions targeting adolescents with depressive symptoms may be a cost-effective strategy for preventing adult physical health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansol Park
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taehoon Kim
- Department of Economics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinho Kim
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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Omelchenko M, Migalina V, Kaleda V. The Effect of Untreated Illness in Youth Depression: A Cross-Sectional Study. CONSORTIUM PSYCHIATRICUM 2022; 3:8-17. [PMID: 39045583 PMCID: PMC11262081 DOI: 10.17816/cp206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The existing research has mainly focused on exploring how the duration of untreated psychosis effects the further course of the disease. By contrast, the duration of an untreated illness (DUI) in youth depression and its impact on the further course of the disease has remained scarcely investigated. AIM The current study aims to determine how the duration of untreated illness affects the severity of the symptoms during the first depressive episode and the degree to which the symptoms are reduced after treatment. METHODS Fifty-two young male patients (15-29 years old) were examined. First, they were hospitalized with a severe without psychotic symptoms (F32.2) and moderate (F32.1) depressive episode. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS), and the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) were used to achieve the research goals. The examination was conducted twice at the time of patient admission to the hospital and before discharge. Our statistical analysis was carried out with the Statistica 12 software. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences between two independent groups. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to uncover any correlation between how long the illness has remained untreated and the severity of its clinical symptoms. RESULTS All patients were hospitalized at the first depressive episode. The average duration of an untreated illness was 35.8±17.0 months. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group (59.6%, n=31), with a duration of the untreated illness of more than 36 months, and the second group (40.4%, n=21), with a duration of the untreated illness of less than 36 months. A cross-group comparison between the participants showed that the reduction of HDRS scores was significantly higher in the second group (p=0.019) at the time of discharge, with no differences in the severity of depressive symptoms (p=0.544) at the time of admission. Comorbidity was detected in 83.9% of the patients in the first group and in 42.9% of the patients in the second group. A greater therapy effectiveness was found to exist in the second group, as the depressive symptoms score on the HDRS scale (p=0.016; U=196.0) and prodromal symptoms score on the SOPS disorganization subscale (p=0.046; U=218.0) were found to have been reduced significantly. CONCLUSION The study showed that DUI has an impact on the reduction of depressive, negative symptoms and symptoms of disorganization in youth patients at the first depressive episode. A high level of comorbidity has been uncovered, confirming that a variety of non-psychotic and psychotic disorders in youth manifest themselves in depression at a prodromal stage, causing difficulties in establishing diagnoses and requiring subsequent verification. Future research might need to focus on exploring depressive symptoms as predictors of mental disorders in youth patients.
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Choe C, Yu S. Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Analysis Between Mobile Phone Dependence, Friendships, and Depressive Symptoms Among Korean Adolescents. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2022; 25:450-457. [PMID: 35613406 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2022.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study examined reciprocal longitudinal effects between mobile phone dependence, friendships, and depressive symptoms using 3-year longitudinal data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. An autoregressive cross-lagged model was applied to a sample of 1,737 adolescents. Results suggested that unidirectional relationships exist between the three variables: friendships reduce mobile phone dependence (B = -0.068, p = 0.058; B = -0.118, p < 0.001) and depressive symptoms increase mobile phone dependence (B = 0.082, p = 0.001; B = 0.128, p < 0.001); however, mobile phone dependence does not affect friendships and depressive symptoms. In addition, this study provided evidence of the negative bidirectional relationship between friendships and depressive symptoms. We suggest that, to prevent or treat adolescents' mobile phone dependence, a practical approach regarding friendships and depressive symptoms is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Choe
- Department of Economics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seunghee Yu
- Department of Social Welfare, Sungkyul University, Anyang, Korea
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Alawa J, Muhammad M, Kazemitabar M, Bromberg DJ, Garcia D, Khoshnood K, Ghandour L. Medication for opioid use disorder in the Arab World: A systematic review. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2022; 102:103617. [PMID: 35182841 PMCID: PMC9851143 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a global public health concern. The standard of care for OUD involves treatment using medications such as buprenorphine, methadone, or naltrexone. No known review exists to assess the contextual factors associated with medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) in the Arab World. This systematic review serves as an implementation science study to address this research gap and improve the uptake of MOUD in the Arab World. METHODS Systematic searches of Medline, PsycINFO, and EMBASE, and a citation analysis, were used to identify peer-reviewed articles with original data on MOUD in the Arab World. Quality assessment was conducted using the CASP appraisal tools, and main findings were extracted and coded according to the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. RESULTS 652 research articles were identified, and 10 met inclusion criteria for final review. Four studies considered health-systems aspects of MOUD administration, such as cost-effectiveness, the motivations for and impact of national MOUD policies, the types of social, political, and scientific advocacy that led to the adoption of MOUD in Arab countries, and the challenges limiting its wide-scale adoption in the Arab World. Six papers considered MOUD at individual and group patient levels by evaluating patient quality of life, addiction severity, patient satisfaction, and patient perspectives on opioid agonist therapy. CONCLUSION Despite financial and geographic barriers that limit access to MOUD in the Arab World, this review found MOUD to be cost-effective and associated with positive health outcomes for OUD patients in the Arab World. MOUD can be successfully established and scaled to the national level in the Arab context, and strong coalitions of health practitioners can lobby to establish MOUD programs in Arab countries. Still, the relative novelty of MOUD in this context precludes an abundance of research to address its long-term delivery in the Arab World.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude Alawa
- Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
| | - Muzzammil Muhammad
- Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Maryam Kazemitabar
- Yale University School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Daniel J Bromberg
- Yale University School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Danilo Garcia
- Centre for Ethics, Law and Mental Health (CELAM), University of Gothenburg, Box 100, 405 30 Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, SE 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Kaveh Khoshnood
- Yale University School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Lilian Ghandour
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Van Dyck Building, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El-Solh Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
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Pang Y, Song C, Ma C. Effect of Different Types of Empathy on Prosocial Behavior: Gratitude as Mediator. Front Psychol 2022; 13:768827. [PMID: 35250712 PMCID: PMC8891453 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.768827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of positive psychology, prosocial behavior has received widespread attention from researchers. Some studies have shown that emotion has a significant influence on individual prosocial behavior, but little research has studied the effect of different types of empathy on college students’ prosocial behaviors. The current study examined the mediating effects of gratitude among the associations between different types of empathy (perspective-taking, fantasy, empathic concern, and personal distress) and prosocial behavior among Chinese college students. For the study, we used the Prosocial Tendency Measurement questionnaire, the Hebrew version of Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C, and The Gratitude Questionnaire that investigated 1,037 participants. The results indicated that gratitude played a mediating role between perspective-taking and prosocial behavior, fantasy and prosocial behavior, empathic concern and prosocial behavior, and personal distress and prosocial behavior, respectively. The current study contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between empathy and prosocial behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- YaLing Pang
- School of Economics and Management, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Chao Song
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chao Ma
- Normal School, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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11
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del Palacio-Gonzalez A, Pedersen MU. Youth's personal relationships, psychological symptoms, and the use of different substances: A population-based study. NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 2021; 39:322-337. [PMID: 35720520 PMCID: PMC9152235 DOI: 10.1177/14550725211050768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Externalising symptoms and peer influence are
well-established predictors of youth's substance use in general. However, there
is little integrative research that compares the relative contribution of
psychological and social relationship characteristics as predictors of the use
of specific substances among youth in different developmental stages.
Methods: A representative sample of Danish adolescents
(n = 1,168) and emerging adults (EA;
n = 1,878) reported last-month prevalence use of cigarettes,
cannabis, and other illicit drugs (OID), and four indices of alcohol use.
Predictor variables included internalising and externalising symptoms, and major
characteristics of the youth's relationships (e.g., parental drug use, number of
close friends). Results: Having a close friend who used illicit
drugs, and high externalising symptoms, predicted the risk for using all
substances across both age groups. Alcohol use was more consistently related to
peer-related variables than to symptoms. Smoking cigarettes, cannabis use, and
OIDs use were related to peer and symptom variables. Age group moderated some
associations. Parental separation was related more strongly to alcohol use among
adolescents than among EA, and higher internalising symptoms were more strongly
related to smoking and using OIDs among adolescents than among EA. Male EAs had
higher risk for using alcohol than female EAs. Conclusion: Beyond
having a close friend who used illicit drugs, and externalising problems, the
use of each substance was better explained by a different group of variables.
There were few but important moderations by age group. The findings highlight
the need for research on risk factors for substance use that is developmentally
sensitive, particularly for adolescents, and for specific substances. Thus,
interventions and policies should address social, developmental, and
psychological factors.
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12
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White RMB, Witherspoon DP, Wei W, Zhao C, Pasco MC, Maereg TM. Adolescent Development in Context: A Decade Review of Neighborhood and Activity Space Research. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2021; 31:944-965. [PMID: 34820958 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, two lines of inquiry have emerged from earlier investigations of adolescent neighborhood effects. First, researchers began incorporating space-time geography to study adolescent development within activity spaces or routine activity locations and settings. Second, cultural-developmental researchers implicated neighborhood settings in cultural development, to capture neighborhood effects on competencies and processes that are salient or normative for minoritized youth. We review the decade's studies on adolescent externalizing, internalizing, academic achievement, health, and cultural development within neighborhoods and activity spaces. We offer recommendations supporting decompartmentalization of cultural-developmental and activity space scholarship to advance the science of adolescent development in context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei Wei
- Pennsylvania State University
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13
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Wang Z, Xie Q, Xin M, Wei C, Yu C, Zhen S, Liu S, Wang J, Zhang W. Cybervictimization, Depression, and Adolescent Internet Addiction: The Moderating Effect of Prosocial Peer Affiliation. Front Psychol 2020; 11:572486. [PMID: 33117238 PMCID: PMC7553048 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.572486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although vast research has shown that cybervictimization is a significant risk factor of adolescent’s internet addiction (IA), little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms behind this relationship. The current study examined whether depression mediated the relationship between cybervictimization and adolescent’s IA, and whether the direct and indirect effect was moderated by prosocial peer affiliation (PPA). A sample of 1,006 adolescents (Meanage = 13.16; SD = 0.67) anonymously completed the questionnaires. The results revealed that the positive association between cybervictimization and adolescent’s IA was mediated by depression. Moderated mediation analysis further showed that PPA moderated the association between cybervictimization and adolescent’s IA. However, this indirect effect was stronger for adolescents with high PPA than for those with low PPA, which means that the protective effects of PPA are limited. These findings highlight the mediating and moderating mechanisms between cybervictimization and adolescent’s IA, and provide guidance for the prevention and intervention in adolescent’s IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhai Wang
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Xie
- Department of Psychology and Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mucheng Xin
- Department of Psychology and Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Wei
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengfu Yu
- Department of Psychology and Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangju Zhen
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha Liu
- School of Health Management, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- School of Politics and Public Administration, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Homel J, Thompson K, Leadbeater B. Changes in positive and negative peer influences and depressive symptoms from adolescence to young adulthood. J Adolesc 2020; 84:113-122. [PMID: 32911178 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peers are believed to continue as prominent sources of influence for young adults. However, having peers who use alcohol and drugs is associated with depressive symptoms in young adults and research on the effects of having peers who model positive activities beyond adolescence is scarce. METHOD In this 10-year study of 644 Canadian youth (52% female), we used multilevel modeling to examine the effects of within-person and between-person differences in the interplay of peer behaviours and changes in depressive symptoms between ages 14 and 25. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews and surveys for private topics. RESULTS Youth with close friends who used drugs and alcohol consistently reported more depressive symptoms at each age, whereas having friends who engaged in positive activities was associated with fewer depressive symptoms, especially during adolescence. Moreover, at times when youth had more substance-using peers than usual (within person variation), they also reported more symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Substance-using peer contexts convey both short- and long-term risks for depressive symptoms. However, the protective effects of having peers who are engaged in positive activities, while generally protective, may be reduced in young adulthood. It is possible that older youth withdraw from peers and activities as their depression worsens, and prosocial activities become less supervised by parents, more optional, and more expensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Homel
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mount Gravatt, Queensland, 4122, Australia.
| | - Kara Thompson
- Department of Psychology, St Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, B2G 2W5, Canada.
| | - Bonnie Leadbeater
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3050 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 3P5, Canada.
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15
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescence is a critical period of human development, where adaptive or maladaptive experiences can happen. These experiences are associated with psychological, social, biological and health factors. Previous empirical evidence suggests that mental health is associated with individual assets and positive states, whose presence may become a factor of protection and resistance to mental disorders. Among these, optimism could play a fundamental role in sustaining physical and mental well-being and in dealing with threats potentially harmful to health. Given the rise of research on optimism and its importance in the various health outcomes, it is necessary to initiate processes of compilation and synthesis of this evidence to facilitate the understanding of the importance of this variable on the mental health of adolescents. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The included studies will be experimental, observational, cross-sectional and longitudinal focussed on the role of optimism on mental health in adolescents, regardless of whether they belong to clinical or non-clinical populations. This systematic review protocol will be carried out following the Cochrane Manual for systematic reviews and will follow the statement on systematic reviews and meta-analysis of PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols). Searches will run from October 2019 to March 2020, and will be carried out from the following electronic databases: APA PsycNet, BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde), Web of Science, PubMed Central and Scopus. Two reviewers will obtain the eligible articles, published from January 2009 onward, to assess the quality of each study and extract the data. For the presentation of the results, a narrative and quantitative synthesis will be carried out that groups the data found. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The approval of an ethics committee is not required for a systematic review protocol. The results will be presented at congresses in social sciences and psychology and will be published in a peer-reviewed social or health science journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42019142616.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristian Ariel Neira Espejo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Para, Brazil
| | - Janari da Silva Pedroso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Para, Brazil
- Bolsista produtividade CNPq - Nível 2. Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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