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Wüster J, Neckel N, Sterzik F, Xiang-Tischhauser L, Barnewitz D, Genzel A, Koerdt S, Rendenbach C, Müller-Mai C, Heiland M, Nahles S, Knabe C. Effect of a synthetic hydroxyapatite-based bone grafting material compared to established bone substitute materials on regeneration of critical-size bone defects in the ovine scapula. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae041. [PMID: 38903563 PMCID: PMC11187503 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Lately, the potential risk of disease transmission due to the use of bovine-derived bone substitutes has become obvious, demonstrating the urgent need for a synthetic grafting material with comparable bioactive behaviour and properties. Therefore, the effect of a synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) (Osbone®) bone grafting material on bone regeneration was evaluated 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3, 6, 12 and 18 months after implantation in critical-size bone defects in the ovine scapula and compared to that of a bovine-derived HA (Bio-Oss®) and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) (Cerasorb® M). New bone formation and the biodegradability of the bone substitutes were assessed histomorphometrically. Hard tissue histology and immunohistochemical analysis were employed to characterize collagen type I, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, as well as bone sialoprotein expression in the various cell and matrix components of the bone tissue to evaluate the bioactive properties of the bone grafting materials. No inflammatory tissue response was detected with any of the bone substitute materials studied. After 3 and 6 months, β-TCP (Cerasorb® M) showed superior bone formation when compared to both HA-based materials (3 months: β-TCP 55.65 ± 2.03% vs. SHA 49.05 ± 3.84% and BHA 47.59 ± 1.97%; p ≤ 0.03; 6 months: β-TCP 62.03 ± 1.58%; SHA: 55.83 ± 2.59%; BHA: 53.44 ± 0.78%; p ≤ 0.04). Further, after 12 and 18 months, a similar degree of bone formation and bone-particle contact was noted for all three bone substitute materials without any significant differences. The synthetic HA supported new bone formation, osteogenic marker expression, matrix mineralization and good bone-bonding behaviour to an equal and even slightly superior degree compared to the bovine-derived HA. As a result, synthetic HA can be regarded as a valuable alternative to the bovine-derived HA without the potential risk of disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wüster
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Neckel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Sterzik
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | - Li Xiang-Tischhauser
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Antje Genzel
- Veterinary Research Centre, Bad Langensalza, Germany
| | - Steffen Koerdt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Rendenbach
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Müller-Mai
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, Lünen, Germany
| | - Max Heiland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Nahles
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Knabe
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
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Wojcik T, Chai F, Hornez V, Raoul G, Hornez JC. Engineering Precise Interconnected Porosity in β-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP) Matrices by Means of Top-Down Digital Light Processing. Biomedicines 2024; 12:736. [PMID: 38672092 PMCID: PMC11047908 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the biocompatibility and accuracy of 3D-printed β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) pure ceramic scaffolds. A specific shaping process associating a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer and a heat treatment was developed to produce pure β-TCP scaffolds leaving no polymer binder residue. The β-TCP was characterised using X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and the detection of pollutants. The open porosity of produced matrices and their resorption were studied by hydrostatic weighing and calcium release measures. The biocompatibility of the printed matrices was evaluated by mean of osteoblast cultures. Finally, macroporous cubic matrices were produced. They were scanned using a micro-Computed Tomography scanner (micro-CT scan) and compared to their numeric models. The results demonstrated that DLP 3D printing with heat treatment produces pure β-TCP matrices with enhanced biocompatibility. They also demonstrated the printing accuracy of our technique, associating top-down DLP with the sintering of green parts. Thus, this production process is promising and will enable us to explore complex phosphocalcic matrices with a special focus on the development of a functional vascular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wojcik
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, INSERM, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, U1008—Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Feng Chai
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, INSERM, U1008, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | | | - Gwenael Raoul
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, INSERM, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, U1008—Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Jean-Christophe Hornez
- Département Matériaux et Procédés (DMP), Laboratoire de Matériaux Céramiques et de Mathématiques (CERAMATHS), Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, F-59600 Maubeuge, France;
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Liu H, Wu Q, Liu S, Liu L, He Z, Liu Y, Sun Y, Liu X, Luo E. The role of integrin αvβ3 in biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics mediated M2 Macrophage polarization and the resultant osteoinduction. Biomaterials 2024; 304:122406. [PMID: 38096618 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate ceramics-based biomaterials were reported to have good biocompatibility and osteoinductivity and have been widely applied for bone defect repair and regeneration. However, the mechanism of their osteoinductivity is still unclear. In our study, we established an ectopic bone formation in vivo model and an in vitro macrophage cell co-culture system with calcium phosphate ceramics to investigate the effect of biphasic calcium phosphate on osteogenesis via regulating macrophage M1/M2 polarization. Our micro-CT data suggested that biphasic calcium phosphate had significant osteoinductivity, and the fluorescence co-localization detection found increased F4/80+/integrin αvβ3+ macrophages surrounding the biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds. Besides, our study also revealed that biphasic calcium phosphate promoted M2 polarization of macrophages via upregulating integrin αvβ3 expression compared to tricalcium phosphate, and the increased M2 macrophages could subsequently augment the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in a TGFβ mediated manner. In conclusion, we demonstrated that macrophages subjected to biphasic calcium phosphate could polarize toward M2 phenotype via triggering integrin αvβ3 and secrete TGFβ to increase the osteogenesis of MSCs, which subsequently enhances bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanghang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qionghui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration & School of Stomatology & Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, PR China
| | - Shibo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Linan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ze He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yong Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials & College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - En Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
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Kranz S, Heyder M, Rabe U, Liu P, Mrozinska A, Guellmar A, Berg A, Steen D, Tuckermann J, Watts DC, Sigusch B, Reise M. Osseointegration of photodynamic active biomaterials for bone regeneration in an animal bone model over a period of 12 months. Dent Mater 2023; 39:977-985. [PMID: 37709590 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous efforts led to the development of two different polymeric biomaterials for periodontal regeneration with antibacterial photodynamic surface activity. The present study aimed to investigate osseointegration and bone formation of both materials in an ovine model. METHODS Both biomaterials: 1) urethane dimethacrylate-based Biomaterial 1 (BioM1) and 2) tri-armed oligoester-urethane methacrylate-based Biomaterial 2 (BioM2) are enriched with beta-tri-calcium phosphate and the photosensitizer meso-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC). These materials were implanted in non-critical size bone defects in the sheep femur (n = 16) and tibia (n = 8). Empty defects served as controls (n = 16). Polyfluorochrome sequential bone labeling was carried out at baseline and after 3, 6, and 12 months. Animals were sacrificed after 12 months. Bone specimens (n = 40) were fixed and subjected to microtomographic analysis (µCT) for the evaluation of the bone-volume-fraction (BV/TV), trabecular number and trabecular thickness. Subsequently, histological sections were arranged and polyfluorochrome sequential bone labeling was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (cLSM). RESULTS cLSM analysis revealed that highest remodeling and bone formation activity occurred during the second half of the study period (6-12 months). Bone formation in the tibia was significantly lower for the control (2.71 ± 1.26%) as compared to BioM1 (6.01 ± 2.99%) and BioM2 (6.45 ± 2.12%); (p = 0.006, p = 0004). Micro-computed tomography revealed a BV/TV volume fraction of 44.72 ± 9.01% in femur defects filled with BioM1 which was significantly higher compared to the control (32.27 ± 7.02%; p = 0.01). Bone architecture (trabecular number, trabecular thickness) did not significantly differ from the self-healed defects. SIGNIFICANCE Both biomaterials, especially BioM1 showed good osseointegration and bone formation characteristics and can be recommended for further examination in periodontal regeneration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kranz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - M Heyder
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - U Rabe
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - P Liu
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University Ulm, Helmholtzstr. 8/1, 9081 Ulm, Germany
| | - A Mrozinska
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A Guellmar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A Berg
- Department of Biomaterials, INNOVENT e.V., Prüssingstr. 27b, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - D Steen
- biolitec research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - J Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University Ulm, Helmholtzstr. 8/1, 9081 Ulm, Germany
| | - David C Watts
- University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, UK
| | - Bernd Sigusch
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - M Reise
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Fujii Y, Hatori A, Chikazu D, Ogasawara T. Application of Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Bone and Neural Tissue Regeneration in Oral and Maxillofacial Region. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:2026572. [PMID: 37035445 PMCID: PMC10076122 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2026572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In the oral and maxillofacial region, the treatment of severe bone defects, caused by fractures, cancers, congenital abnormalities, etc., remains a great challenge. In addition, neurological disorders are frequently accompanied by these bone defects or the treatments for them. Therefore, novel bone regenerative techniques and methods to repair nerve injury are eagerly sought. Among them, strategies using dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are promising options. Human DPSCs can be collected easily from extracted teeth and are now considered a type of mesenchymal stem cell with higher clonogenic and proliferative potential. DPSCs have been getting attention as a cell source for bone and nerve regeneration. In this article, we reviewed the latest studies on osteogenic or neural differentiation of DPSCs as well as bone or neural regeneration methods using DPSCs and discussed the potential of DPSCs for bone and nerve tissue regeneration.
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Tzagiollari A, McCarthy HO, Levingstone TJ, Dunne NJ. Biodegradable and Biocompatible Adhesives for the Effective Stabilisation, Repair and Regeneration of Bone. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9060250. [PMID: 35735493 PMCID: PMC9219717 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9060250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone defects and complex fractures present significant challenges for orthopaedic surgeons. Current surgical procedures involve the reconstruction and mechanical stabilisation of complex fractures using metal hardware (i.e., wires, plates and screws). However, these procedures often result in poor healing. An injectable, biocompatible, biodegradable bone adhesive that could glue bone fragments back together would present a highly attractive solution. A bone adhesive that meets the many clinical requirements for such an application has yet to be developed. While synthetic and biological polymer-based adhesives (e.g., cyanoacrylates, PMMA, fibrin, etc.) have been used effectively as bone void fillers, these materials lack biomechanical integrity and demonstrate poor injectability, which limits the clinical effectiveness and potential for minimally invasive delivery. This systematic review summarises conventional approaches and recent developments in the area of bone adhesives for orthopaedic applications. The required properties for successful bone repair adhesives, which include suitable injectability, setting characteristics, mechanical properties, biocompatibility and an ability to promote new bone formation, are highlighted. Finally, the potential to achieve repair of challenging bone voids and fractures as well as the potential of new bioinspired adhesives and the future directions relating to their clinical development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antzela Tzagiollari
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland; (A.T.); (T.J.L.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen O. McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Biodesign Europe, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tanya J. Levingstone
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland; (A.T.); (T.J.L.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Biodesign Europe, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue, Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicholas J. Dunne
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland; (A.T.); (T.J.L.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Biodesign Europe, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-(0)1-7005712
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Costimulatory Effect of Rough Calcium Phosphate Coating and Blood Mononuclear Cells on Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro as a Model of In Vivo Tissue Repair. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13194398. [PMID: 33023124 PMCID: PMC7579197 DOI: 10.3390/ma13194398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP) materials do not always induce ectopic vascularization and bone formation; the reasons remain unclear, and there are active discussions of potential roles for post-implantation hematoma, circulating immune and stem cells, and pericytes, but studies on adipose-derived stem cells (AMSCs) in this context are lacking. The rough (average surface roughness Ra = 2-5 µm) scaffold-like CaP coating deposited on pure titanium plates by the microarc oxidation method was used to investigate its subcutaneous vascularization in CBA/CaLac mice and in vitro effect on cellular and molecular crosstalk between human blood mononuclear cells (hBMNCs) and AMSCs (hAMSCs). Postoperative hematoma development on the CaP surface lasting 1-3 weeks may play a key role in the microvessel elongation and invasion into the CaP relief at the end of the 3rd week of injury and BMNC migration required for enhanced wound healing in mice. Satisfactory osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation but poor adipogenic differentiation of hAMSCs on the rough CaP surface were detected in vitro by differential cell staining. The fractions of CD73+ (62%), CD90+ (0.24%), and CD105+ (0.41%) BMNCs may be a source of autologous circulating stem/progenitor cells for the subcutis reparation, but allogenic hBMNC participation is mainly related to the effects of CD4+ T cells co-stimulated with CaP coating on the in vitro recruitment of hAMSCs, their secretion of angiogenic and osteomodulatory molecules, and the increase in osteogenic features within the period of in vivo vascularization. Cellular and molecular crosstalk between BMNCs and AMSCs is a model of effective subcutis repair. Rough CaP surface enhanced angio- and osteogenic signaling between cells. We believe that preconditioning and/or co-transplantation of hAMSCs with hBMNCs may broaden their potential in applications related to post-implantation tissue repair and bone bioengineering caused by microarc CaP coating.
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Sommer U, Laurich S, de Azevedo L, Viehoff K, Wenisch S, Thormann U, Alt V, Heiss C, Schnettler R. In Vitro and In Vivo Biocompatibility Studies of a Cast and Coated Titanium Alloy. Molecules 2020; 25:E3399. [PMID: 32727093 PMCID: PMC7436028 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The biocompatibility of a cast porous and with a calcium titanate reaction layer functionalized titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-7Nb) was tested by means of cell culture, and a small (rat) and large animal (sheep) model. The uncoated titanium material served as a control. In-vitro tests included the validation of osteoblast-like cells attached to the surface of the material with scanning electron microscopy and immunofluorescence of cytoskeletal actin as well as their osteogenic development, the ability to mineralize, and their vitality. Following the in-vitro tests a small animal (rat) and big animal (sheep) model were accomplished by inserting a cylindrical titanium implant into a drill hole defect in the femoral condyle. After 7, 14, and 30 days (rat) and 6 months (sheep) the condyles were studied regarding histological and histomorphometrical characteristics. Uncoated and coated material showed a good biocompatibility both in cell culture and animal models. While the defect area in the rat is well consolidated after 30 days, the sheep show only little bone inside the implant after 6 months, possibly due to stress shielding. None of the executed methods indicated a statistically significant difference between coated and uncoated material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Sommer
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 128 (ForMED), 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.L.); (L.d.A.); (K.V.); (U.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Stephan Laurich
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 128 (ForMED), 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.L.); (L.d.A.); (K.V.); (U.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Lucie de Azevedo
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 128 (ForMED), 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.L.); (L.d.A.); (K.V.); (U.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Katharina Viehoff
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 128 (ForMED), 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.L.); (L.d.A.); (K.V.); (U.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Sabine Wenisch
- Clinic of Small Animals, c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 98, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Ulrich Thormann
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 128 (ForMED), 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.L.); (L.d.A.); (K.V.); (U.T.); (C.H.)
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg GmbH, Campus Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str. 7, 35385 Giessen, Germany
| | - Volker Alt
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Christian Heiss
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 128 (ForMED), 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.L.); (L.d.A.); (K.V.); (U.T.); (C.H.)
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg GmbH, Campus Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str. 7, 35385 Giessen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schnettler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division for Regenerative Orofacial Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
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Cassaro CV, Justulin LA, de Lima PR, Golim MDA, Biscola NP, de Castro MV, de Oliveira ALR, Doiche DP, Pereira EJ, Ferreira RS, Barraviera B. Fibrin biopolymer as scaffold candidate to treat bone defects in rats. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2019; 25:e20190027. [PMID: 31723344 PMCID: PMC6830407 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2019-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone tissue repair remains a challenge in tissue engineering. Currently, new materials are being applied and often integrated with live cells and biological scaffolds. The fibrin biopolymer (FBP) proposed in this study has hemostatic, sealant, adhesive, scaffolding and drug-delivery properties. The regenerative potential of an association of FBP, biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was evaluated in defects of rat femurs. METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were submitted to a 5-mm defect in the femur. This was filled with the following materials and/or associations: BPC; FBP and BCP; FBP and MSCs; and BCP, FBP and MSCs. Bone defect without filling was defined as the control group. Thirty and sixty days after the procedure, animals were euthanatized and subjected to computed tomography, scanning electron microscopy and qualitative and quantitative histological analysis. RESULTS It was shown that FBP is a suitable scaffold for bone defects due to the formation of a stable clot that facilitates the handling and optimizes the surgical procedures, allowing also cell adhesion and proliferation. The association between the materials was biocompatible. Progressive deposition of bone matrix was higher in the group treated with FBP and MSCs. Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteogenic lineage was not necessary to stimulate bone formation. CONCLUSIONS FBP proved to be an excellent scaffold candidate for bone repair therapies due to application ease and biocompatibility with synthetic calcium-based materials. The satisfactory results obtained by the association of FBP with MSCs may provide a more effective and less costly new approach for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vilalva Cassaro
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São
Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Antonio Justulin
- Extracellular Matrix Laboratory, Botucatu Biosciences Institute
(IBB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Rodrigues de Lima
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São
Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP),
Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Marjorie de Assis Golim
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Blood Center, Botucatu Medical School
(FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália Perussi Biscola
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São
Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Mateus Vidigal de Castro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Biosciences
Institute (IB), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Danuta Pulz Doiche
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, School
of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry, São Paulo State University (UNESP),
Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Elenize Jamas Pereira
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São
Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP),
Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Rui Seabra Ferreira
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São
Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP),
Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Benedito Barraviera
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São
Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP),
Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Shah FA, Ruscsák K, Palmquist A. 50 years of scanning electron microscopy of bone-a comprehensive overview of the important discoveries made and insights gained into bone material properties in health, disease, and taphonomy. Bone Res 2019; 7:15. [PMID: 31123620 PMCID: PMC6531483 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-019-0053-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is an architecturally complex system that constantly undergoes structural and functional optimisation through renewal and repair. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is among the most frequently used instruments for examining bone. It offers the key advantage of very high spatial resolution coupled with a large depth of field and wide field of view. Interactions between incident electrons and atoms on the sample surface generate backscattered electrons, secondary electrons, and various other signals including X-rays that relay compositional and topographical information. Through selective removal or preservation of specific tissue components (organic, inorganic, cellular, vascular), their individual contribution(s) to the overall functional competence can be elucidated. With few restrictions on sample geometry and a variety of applicable sample-processing routes, a given sample may be conveniently adapted for multiple analytical methods. While a conventional SEM operates at high vacuum conditions that demand clean, dry, and electrically conductive samples, non-conductive materials (e.g., bone) can be imaged without significant modification from the natural state using an environmental scanning electron microscope. This review highlights important insights gained into bone microstructure and pathophysiology, bone response to implanted biomaterials, elemental analysis, SEM in paleoarchaeology, 3D imaging using focused ion beam techniques, correlative microscopy and in situ experiments. The capacity to image seamlessly across multiple length scales within the meso-micro-nano-continuum, the SEM lends itself to many unique and diverse applications, which attest to the versatility and user-friendly nature of this instrument for studying bone. Significant technological developments are anticipated for analysing bone using the SEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furqan A. Shah
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Krisztina Ruscsák
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Palmquist
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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11
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Sadeghinia A, Davaran S, Salehi R, Jamalpoor Z. Nano-hydroxy apatite/chitosan/gelatin scaffolds enriched by a combination of platelet-rich plasma and fibrin glue enhance proliferation and differentiation of seeded human dental pulp stem cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:1924-1931. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Effects of Combined Magnetic Fields Treatment and Nano-Hydroxyapatite Coating on Porous Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Bone Graft in Rabbit Spinal Fusion Model. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2018; 43:E625-E633. [PMID: 29738366 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000002463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN An animal experimental study was designed to investigate the efficacy of combined magnetic fields (CMF) treatment and nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) coating in the biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) graft in posterolateral lumbar fusion. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of CMF treatment and nano-HA/BCP and their combination effect in posterolateral lumbar fusion. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Enhancement of artificial bone graft bioeffects could improve spinal fusion outcomes. The bone graft integration is vital in spinal fusion, nano-HA coating, and CMF treatment were reported as effective methods to improve bone graft integration. METHODS A bilateral transverse process fusion model was performed on 32 rabbits. The CMF treatment was performed for 30 minutes per day postoperation. The fusion rate, new bone formation, artificial bone graft-autologous bone fusion interface in x-ray and scanning electron microscopy, biomechanics property of fusion rate, histological fusion condition, artificial bone residual rate, and immunohistochemistry assessment of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) expression were observed at 9th week after surgery. RESULTS CMF treatment and nano-HA coating increased the fusion rate, adjusted optical density index, intensity of binding of artificial and autologous bone, bone growth rate, and bending stiffness. CMF treatment also significantly increased BMP-2 and TGF-β1 expression in fusion region while nano-HA coating significantly decreased artificial bone residual rate. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that porous nano-HA/BCP graft could significantly improve spine fusion outcome with excellent bioactivity, biocompatibility and degradability and CMF treatment could significantly improve spine fusion outcome by improving bioactivity and biocompatibility of artificial bone graft in rabbit. Combination of CMF treatment with nano-HA/BCP graft could significantly increase posterolateral lumbar fusion rate in rabbit, which would be a potential strategy for spine fusion preclinical study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
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Tang Z, Li X, Tan Y, Fan H, Zhang X. The material and biological characteristics of osteoinductive calcium phosphate ceramics. Regen Biomater 2018; 5:43-59. [PMID: 29423267 PMCID: PMC5798025 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbx024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of osteoinductivity of calcium phosphate (Ca-P) ceramics has set an enduring paradigm of conferring biological regenerative activity to materials with carefully designed structural characteristics. The unique phase composition and porous structural features of osteoinductive Ca-P ceramics allow it to interact with signaling molecules and extracellular matrices in the host system, creating a local environment conducive to new bone formation. Mounting evidence now indicate that the osteoinductive activity of Ca-P ceramics is linked to their physicochemical and three-dimensional structural properties. Inspired by this conceptual breakthrough, many laboratories have shown that other materials can be also enticed to join the rank of tissue-inducing biomaterials, and besides the bones, other tissues such as cartilage, nerves and blood vessels were also regenerated with the assistance of biomaterials. Here, we give a brief historical recount about the discovery of the osteoinductivity of Ca-P ceramics, summarize the underlying material factors and biological characteristics, and discuss the mechanism of osteoinduction concerning protein adsorption, and the interaction with different types of cells, and the involvement of the vascular and immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhurong Tang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Yanfei Tan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
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Rh Owen G, Dard M, Larjava H. Hydoxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate biphasic ceramics as regenerative material for the repair of complex bone defects. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:2493-2512. [PMID: 29266701 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone is a composite material composed of collagen and calcium phosphate (CaP) mineral. The collagen gives bone its flexibility while the inorganic material gives bone its resilience. The CaP in bone is similar in composition and structure to the mineral hydroxyapatite (HA) and is bioactive, osteoinductive and osteoconductive. Therefore synthetic versions of bone apatite (BA) have been developed to address the demand for autologous bone graft substitutes. Synthetic HA (s-HA) are stiff and strong, but brittle. These lack of physical attributes limit the use of synthetic apatites in situations where no physical loading of the apatite occurs. s-HA chemical properties differ from BA and thus change the physical and mechanical properties of the material. Consequently, s-HA is more chemically stable than BA and thus its resorption rate is slower than the rate of bone regeneration. One solution to this problem is to introduce a faster resorbing CaP, such as β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), when synthesizing the material creating a biphasic (s-HA and β-TCP) formulation of calcium phosphate (BCP). The focus of this review is to introduce the major differences between BCP and biological apatites and how material scientists have overcome the inadequacies of the synthetic counterparts. Examples of BCP performance in vitro and in vivo following structural and chemical modifications are provided as well as novel ultrastructural data. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2493-2512, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gethin Rh Owen
- Department of Oral, Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michel Dard
- College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Hannu Larjava
- Department of Oral, Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada
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15
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Shim KS, Kim SE, Yun YP, Jeon DI, Kim HJ, Park K, Song HR. Surface immobilization of biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticles on 3D printed poly(caprolactone) scaffolds enhances osteogenesis and bone tissue regeneration. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Shim KS, Kim SE, Yun YP, Choi S, Kim HJ, Park K, Song HR. Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (BCP)-Immobilized Porous Poly (d,l-Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) Microspheres Enhance Osteogenic Activities of Osteoblasts. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9070297. [PMID: 30970975 PMCID: PMC6432369 DOI: 10.3390/polym9070297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of porous poly (d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (PMSs) immobilized on biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticles (BCP NPs) (BCP-IM-PMSs) to enhance osteogenic activity. PMSs were fabricated using a fluidic device, and their surfaces were modified with l-lysine (aminated-PMSs), whereas the BCP NPs were modified with heparin⁻dopamine (Hep-DOPA) to obtain heparinized⁻BCP (Hep-BCP) NPs. BCP-IM-PMSs were fabricated via electrostatic interactions between the Hep-BCP NPs and aminated-PMSs. The fabricated BCP-IM-PMSs showed an interconnected pore structure. In vitro studies showed that MG-63 cells cultured on BCP-IM-PMSs had increased alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium content, and mRNA expression of osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN) compared with cells cultured on PMSs. These data suggest that BCP NP-immobilized PMSs have the potential to enhance osteogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Sik Shim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Medical College, Guro Hospital, #80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea.
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Medical College, Guro Hospital, #80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea.
| | - Young-Pil Yun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Medical College, Guro Hospital, #80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea.
| | - Somang Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Medical College, Guro Hospital, #80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea.
| | - Hak-Jun Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Medical College, Guro Hospital, #80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea.
| | - Kyeongsoon Park
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea.
| | - Hae-Ryong Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Medical College, Guro Hospital, #80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea.
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Bara JJ, Dresing I, Zeiter S, Anton M, Daculsi G, Eglin D, Nehrbass D, Stadelmann VA, Betts DC, Müller R, Alini M, Stoddart MJ. A doxycycline inducible, adenoviral bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene delivery system to bone. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e106-e118. [PMID: 27957814 DOI: 10.1002/term.2393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the novel use of a tuneable, non-integrating viral gene delivery system to bone that can be combined with clinically approved biomaterials in an 'off-the-shelf' manner. Specifically, a doxycycline inducible Tet-on adenoviral vector (AdTetBMP-2) in combination with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), fibrin and a biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (MBCP®) was used to repair large bone defects in nude rats. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) transgene expression could be effectively tuned by modification of the doxycycline concentration. The effect of adenoviral BMP-2 gene delivery upon bone healing was investigated in vivo in 4 mm critically sized, internally fixated, femoral defects. MSCs were transduced either by direct application of AdTetBMP-2 or by pre-coating MBCP granules with the virus. Radiological assessment scores post-mortem were significantly improved upon delivery of AdTetBMP-2. In AdTetBMP-2 groups, histological analysis revealed significantly more newly formed bone at the defect site compared with controls. Newly formed bone was vascularized and fully integrated with nascent tissue and implanted biomaterial. Improvement in healing outcome was achieved using both methods of vector delivery (direct application vs. pre-coating MCBP). Adenoviral delivery of BMP-2 enhanced bone regeneration achieved by the transplantation of MSCs, fibrin and MBCP in vivo. Importantly, our in vitro and in vivo data suggest that this can be achieved with relatively low (ng/ml) levels of the growth factor. Our model and novel gene delivery system may provide a powerful standardized tool for the optimization of growth factor delivery and release for the healing of large bone defects. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iska Dresing
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | | | - Martina Anton
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Institute of Experimental Oncology and Therapy Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Guy Daculsi
- INSERM U791 Laboratory for Osteoarticular and Dental Tissue Engineering, Dental Faculty, Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | - David Eglin
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Nehrbass
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | | | - Duncan C Betts
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ralph Müller
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland
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Tang Z, Tan Y, Ni Y, Wang J, Zhu X, Fan Y, Chen X, Yang X, Zhang X. Comparison of ectopic bone formation process induced by four calcium phosphate ceramics in mice. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 70:1000-1010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.06.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Enhanced Osteogenic and Vasculogenic Differentiation Potential of Human Adipose Stem Cells on Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds in Fibrin Gels. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:1934270. [PMID: 27547223 PMCID: PMC4980512 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1934270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
For bone tissue engineering synthetic biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) with a hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) ratio of 60/40 (BCP60/40) is successfully clinically applied, but the high percentage of HA may hamper efficient scaffold remodelling. Whether BCP with a lower HA/β-TCP ratio (BCP20/80) is more desirable is still unclear. Vascular development is needed before osteogenesis can occur. We aimed to test the osteogenic and/or vasculogenic differentiation potential as well as degradation of composites consisting of human adipose stem cells (ASCs) seeded on BCP60/40 or BCP20/80 incorporated in fibrin gels that trigger neovascularization for bone regeneration. ASC attachment to BCP60/40 and BCP20/80 within 30 min was similar (>93%). After 11 days of culture BCP20/80-based composites showed increased alkaline phosphatase activity and DMP1 gene expression, but not RUNX2 and osteonectin expression, compared to BCP60/40-based composites. BCP20/80-based composites also showed enhanced expression of the vasculogenic markers CD31 and VEGF189, but not VEGF165 and endothelin-1. Collagen-1 and collagen-3 expression was similar in both composites. Fibrin degradation was increased in BCP20/80-based composites at day 7. In conclusion, BCP20/80-based composites showed enhanced osteogenic and vasculogenic differentiation potential compared to BCP60/40-based composites in vitro, suggesting that BCP20/80-based composites might be more promising for in vivo bone augmentation than BCP60/40-based composites.
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Dorozhkin SV. Multiphasic calcium orthophosphate (CaPO 4 ) bioceramics and their biomedical applications. CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL 2016; 42:6529-6554. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
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Hu J, Yang Z, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Li K, Lu H. Porous biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics coated with nano-hydroxyapatite and seeded with mesenchymal stem cells for reconstruction of radius segmental defects in rabbits. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:257. [PMID: 26449447 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5590-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The osteoconduction of porous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics has been widely reported. In a previous study, we demonstrated that applying a nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) coating enhances the osteoinductive potential of BCP ceramics, making these scaffolds more suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of reconstructing radius defects in rabbits using nHA-coated BCP ceramics seeded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and to compare the bone regeneration induced by different scaffolds. Radius defects were created in 20 New Zealand rabbits, which were divided into four groups by treatment: porous BCP ceramics (Group A), nHA-coated porous BCP ceramics (Group B), porous BCP ceramics seeded with rabbit MSCs (Group C), and nHA-coated porous BCP ceramics seeded with rabbit MSCs (Group D). After in vitro incubation, the cell/scaffold complexes were implanted into the defects. Twelve weeks after implantation, the specimens were examined macroscopically and histologically. Both the nHA coating and seeding with MSCs enhanced the formation of new bone tissue in the BCP ceramics, though the osteoinductive potential of the scaffolds with MSCs was greater than that of the nHA-coated scaffolds. Notably, the combination of nHA coating and MSCs significantly improved the bone regeneration capability of the BCP ceramics. Thus, MSCs seeded into porous BCP ceramics coated with nHA may be an effective bone substitute to reconstruct bone defects in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchun Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Research Center of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
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Yu X, Tang X, Gohil SV, Laurencin CT. Biomaterials for Bone Regenerative Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1268-85. [PMID: 25846250 PMCID: PMC4507442 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Strategies for bone tissue regeneration have been continuously evolving for the last 25 years since the introduction of the "tissue engineering" concept. The convergence of the life, physical, and engineering sciences has brought in several advanced technologies available to tissue engineers and scientists. This resulted in the creation of a new multidisciplinary field termed as "regenerative engineering". In this article, the role of biomaterials in bone regenerative engineering is systematically reviewed to elucidate the new design criteria for the next generation of biomaterials for bone regenerative engineering. The exemplary design of biomaterials harnessing various materials characteristics towards successful bone defect repair and regeneration is highlighted. Particular attention is given to the attempts of incorporating advanced materials science, stem cell technologies, and developmental biology into biomaterials design to engineer and develop the next generation bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Yu
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268
| | - Shalini V. Gohil
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Cato T. Laurencin
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268
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Malhotra A, Pelletier M, Oliver R, Christou C, Walsh WR. Platelet-Rich Plasma and Bone Defect Healing. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:2614-33. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angad Malhotra
- Surgical and Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Matthew Pelletier
- Surgical and Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Rema Oliver
- Surgical and Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Chris Christou
- Surgical and Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - William R. Walsh
- Surgical and Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
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Zhang J, Barbieri D, ten Hoopen H, de Bruijn JD, van Blitterswijk CA, Yuan H. Microporous calcium phosphate ceramics driving osteogenesis through surface architecture. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:1188-99. [PMID: 25044678 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The presence of micropores in calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics has shown its important role in initiating inductive bone formation in ectopic sites. To investigate how microporous CaP ceramics trigger osteoinduction, we optimized two biphasic CaP ceramics (i.e., BCP-R and BCP-S) to have the same chemical composition, equivalent surface area per volume, comparable protein adsorption, similar ion (i.e., calcium and phosphate) exchange and the same surface mineralization potential, but different surface architecture. In particular, BCP-R had a surface roughness (Ra) of 325.4 ± 58.9 nm while for BCP-S it was 231.6 ± 35.7 nm. Ceramic blocks with crossing or noncrossing channels of 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 µm were implanted in paraspinal muscle of dogs for 12 weeks. The percentage of bone volume in the channels was not affected by the type of pores (i.e., crossing vs. closed) or their size, but it was greatly influenced by the ceramic type (i.e., BCP-R vs. BCP-S). Significantly, more bone was formed in the channels of BCP-R than in those of BCP-S. Since the two CaP ceramics differed only in their surface architecture, the results hereby demonstrate that microporous CaP ceramics may induce ectopic osteogenesis through surface architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE, Enschede, The Netherlands; Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Kim BS, Sung HM, You HK, Lee J. Effects of fibrinogen concentration on fibrin glue and bone powder scaffolds in bone regeneration. J Biosci Bioeng 2014; 118:469-75. [PMID: 24768229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin polymers are widely used in the tissue engineering field as biomaterials. Although numerous researchers have studied the fabrication of scaffolds using fibrin glue (FG) and bone powder, the effects of varied fibrinogen content during the fabrication of scaffolds on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and bone regeneration remain poorly understood. In this study, we formulated scaffolds using demineralized bone powder and various fibrinogen concentrations and analyzed the microstructure and mechanical properties. Cell proliferation, cell viability, and osteoblast differentiation assays were performed. The ability of the scaffold to enhance bone regeneration was evaluated using a rabbit calvarial defect model. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) showed that bone powders were uniformly distributed on the scaffolds, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the fibrin networks and flattened fibrin layers connected adjacent bone powder particles. When an 80 mg/mL fibrinogen solution was used to formulate scaffolds, the porosity decreased 41.6 ± 3.6%, while the compressive strength increased 1.16 ± 0.02 Mpa, when compared with the values for the 10 mg/mL fibrinogen solution. Proliferation assays and SEM showed that the scaffolds prepared using higher fibrinogen concentrations supported and enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation. In addition, mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin in cells grown on the scaffolds increased with increasing fibrinogen concentration. Micro-CT and histological analysis revealed that newly formed bone was stimulated in the scaffold implantation group. Our results demonstrate that optimization of the fibrinogen content of fibrin glue/bone powder scaffolds will be beneficial for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom-Su Kim
- Wonkwang Bone Regeneration Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea; Bonecell Biotech Inc., 77 Dunsan-dong, Seo-gu, Daejeon 302-830, Republic of Korea
| | - Hark-Mo Sung
- Bonecell Biotech Inc., 77 Dunsan-dong, Seo-gu, Daejeon 302-830, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Keun You
- Department of Periodontology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Lee
- Wonkwang Bone Regeneration Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Ectopic bone formation refers to the ossification of tissue outside of its typical microenvironment. Numerous animal models exist to experimentally induce ectopic bone formation in order to examine the process of osteogenesis or to evaluate the "osteogenic potential" of a given implant. The most widely employed methods in the rodent include subcutaneous, intramuscular, and renal capsule implantation. This chapter will outline the (1) clinical correlates to ectopic ossification, (2) a brief history of experimental models of ectopic ossification, (3) advantages and disadvantages of various models (with a focus on rodent models), and (4) detailed methods and explanation of a mouse intramuscular implantation procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Asatrian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Mantripragada VP, Lecka-Czernik B, Ebraheim NA, Jayasuriya AC. An overview of recent advances in designing orthopedic and craniofacial implants. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 101:3349-64. [PMID: 23766134 PMCID: PMC4854641 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Great deal of research is still going on in the field of orthopedic and craniofacial implant development to resolve various issues being faced by the industry today. Despite several disadvantages of the metallic implants, they continue to be used, primarily because of their superior mechanical properties. In order to minimize the harmful effects of the metallic implants and its by-products, several modifications are being made to these materials, for instance nickel-free stainless steel, cobalt-chromium and titanium alloys are being introduced to eliminate the toxic effects of nickel being released from the alloys, introduce metallic implants with lower modulus, reduce the cost of these alloys by replacing rare elements with less expensive elements etc. New alloys like tantalum, niobium, zirconium, and magnesium are receiving attention given their satisfying mechanical and biological properties. Non-oxide ceramics like silicon nitride and silicon carbide are being currently developed as a promising implant material possessing a combination of properties such as good wear and corrosion resistance, increased ductility, good fracture and creep resistance, and relatively high hardness in comparison to alumina. Polymer/magnesium composites are being developed to improve mechanical properties as well as retain polymer's property of degradation. Recent advances in orthobiologics are proving interesting as well. This paper thus deals with the latest improvements being made to the existing implant materials and includes new materials being introduced in the field of biomaterials.
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Shell-core bi-layered scaffolds for engineering of vascularized osteon-like structures. Biomaterials 2013; 34:8203-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Liu T, Wu G, Zheng Y, Wismeijer D, Everts V, Liu Y. Cell-mediated BMP-2 release from a novel dual-drug delivery system promotes bone formation. Clin Oral Implants Res 2013; 25:1412-21. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tie Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); MOVE Research Institute; University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); MOVE Research Institute; University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Yuanna Zheng
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); MOVE Research Institute; University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
- School of Stomatology/Dental Clinic; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; Hangzhou China
| | - Daniel Wismeijer
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); MOVE Research Institute; University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Vincent Everts
- Department of Oral Cell Biology; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); MOVE Research Institute; University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Yuelian Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); MOVE Research Institute; University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
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Liu T, Wu G, Wismeijer D, Gu Z, Liu Y. Deproteinized bovine bone functionalized with the slow delivery of BMP-2 for the repair of critical-sized bone defects in sheep. Bone 2013; 56:110-8. [PMID: 23732874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
As an alternative to an autologous bone graft, deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) is widely used in the clinical dentistry. Although DBB provides an osteoconductive scaffold, it is not capable of enhancing bone regeneration because it is not osteoinductive. In order to render DBB osteoinductive, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) has previously been incorporated into a three dimensional reservoir (a biomimetic calcium phosphate coating) on DBB, which effectively promoted the osteogenic response by the slow delivery of BMP-2. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effectiveness of such coating on the DBB granules in repairing a large cylindrical bone defect (8 mm diameter, 13 mm depth) in sheep. Eight groups were randomly assigned to the bone defects: (i) no graft material; (ii) autologous bone; (iii) DBB only; (iv) DBB mixed with autologous bone; (v) DBB bearing adsorbed BMP-2; (vi) DBB bearing a coating but no BMP-2; (vii) DBB bearing a coating with adsorbed BMP-2; and (viii) DBB bearing a coating-incorporated depot of BMP-2. 4 and 8 weeks after implantation, samples were withdrawn for a histological and a histomorphometric analysis. Histological results confirmed the excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of all the grafts tested. At 4 weeks, DBB mixed with autologous bone or functionalized with coating-incorporated BMP-2 showed more newly-formed bone than the other groups with DBB. At 8 weeks, the volume of newly-formed bone around DBB that bore a coating-incorporated depot of BMP-2 was greatest among the groups with DBB, and was comparable to the autologous bone group. The use of autologous bone and BMP-2 resulted in more bone marrow formation. Multinucleated giant cells were observed in the resorption process around DBB, whereas histomorphometric analysis revealed no significant degradation of DBB. In conclusion, it was shown that incorporating BMP-2 into the calcium phosphate coating of DBB induced strong bone formation around DBB for repairing a critical-sized bone defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Research Institute MOVE, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Toker H, Ozdemir H, Ozer H, Eren K. A comparative evaluation of the systemic and local alendronate treatment in synthetic bone graft: a histologic and histomorphometric study in a rat calvarial defect model. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012; 114:S146-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2011.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 09/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Daculsi G, Durand M, Fabre T, Vogt F, Uzel AP, Rouvillain JL. Development and clinical cases of injectable bone void filler used in orthopaedic. Ing Rech Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.irbm.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Choi H, Park NJ, Jamiyandorj O, Choi KH, Hong MH, Oh S, Park YB, Kim S. Improvement of osteogenic potential of biphasic calcium phosphate bone substitute coated with two concentrations of expressed recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2012; 42:119-26. [PMID: 22977741 PMCID: PMC3439523 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2012.42.4.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine whether biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) bone substitute with two different concentrations of Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (ErhBMP-2) enhances new bone formation in a standardized rabbit sinus model and to evaluate the concentration-dependent effect of ErhBMP-2. METHODS Standardized, 6-mm diameter defects were made bilaterally on the maxillary sinus of 20 male New Zealand white rabbits. Following removal of the circular bony windows and reflection of the sinus membrane, BCP bone substitute without coating (control group) was applied into one defect and BCP bone substitute coated with ErhBMP-2 (experimental group) was applied into the other defect for each rabbit. The experimental group was divided into 2 subgroups according to the concentration of ErhBMP-2 (0.05 and 0.5 mg/mL). The animals were allowed to heal for either 4 or 8 weeks and sections of the augmented sinus and surrounding bone were analyzed by microcomputed tomography and histologically. RESULTS Histologic analysis revealed signs of new bone formation in both the control and experimental groups with a statistically significant increase in bone formation in experimental group 1 (0.05 mg/mL ErhBMP-2 coating) after a 4-week healing period. However, no statistically significant difference was found between experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 (0.5 mg/mL ErhBMP-2 coating) in osteoinductive potential (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS ErhBMP-2 administered using a BCP matrix significantly enhanced osteoinductive potential in a standardized rabbit sinus model. A concentration-dependent response was not found in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunmin Choi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Park JC, Lee JB, Daculsi G, Oh SY, Cho KS, Im GI, Kim BS, Kim CS. Novel analysis model for implant osseointegration using ectopic bone formation via the recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2/macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate block system in rats: a proof-of-concept study. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2012; 42:136-43. [PMID: 22977743 PMCID: PMC3439525 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2012.42.4.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The osseointegration around titanium mini-implants installed in macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (MBCP) blocks was evaluated after incubation with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in an ectopic subcutaneous rat model. Methods Mini-implants (φ1.8×12 mm) were installed in MBCP blocks (bMBCPs, 4×5×15 mm) loaded with rhBMP-2 at 0.1 mg/mL, and then implanted for 8 weeks into subcutaneous pockets of male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=10). A histomorphometric analysis was performed, and the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone density were evaluated. Results Significant osteoinductive activity was induced in the rhBMP-2/bMBCP group. The percentage of BIC was 41.23±4.13% (mean±standard deviation), while bone density was 33.47±5.73%. In contrast, no bone formation was observed in the bMBCP only group. Conclusions This model represents a more standardized tool for analyzing osseointegration and bone healing along the implant surface and in bMBCPs that excludes various healing factors derived from selected animals and defect models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Chul Park
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Lopez-Heredia MA, Pattipeilohy J, Hsu S, Grykien M, van der Weijden B, Leeuwenburgh SCG, Salmon P, Wolke JGC, Jansen JA. Bulk physicochemical, interconnectivity, and mechanical properties of calcium phosphate cements-fibrin glue composites for bone substitute applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 101:478-90. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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McDuffee LA, Pack L, Lores M, Wright GM, Esparza-Gonzalez B, Masaoud E. Osteoprogenitor Cell Therapy in an Equine Fracture Model. Vet Surg 2012; 41:773-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2012.01024.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurie A. McDuffee
- Departments of Health Management; University of Prince Edward Island; Charlottetown; PEI; Canada
| | - LeeAnn Pack
- Companion Animals; University of Prince Edward Island; Charlottetown; PEI; Canada
| | - Marcos Lores
- Departments of Health Management; University of Prince Edward Island; Charlottetown; PEI; Canada
| | - Glenda M. Wright
- Biomedical Sciences; University of Prince Edward Island; Charlottetown; PEI; Canada
| | - Blanca Esparza-Gonzalez
- Departments of Health Management; University of Prince Edward Island; Charlottetown; PEI; Canada
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Jabri M, Mejdoubi E, El Gadi M, Hammouti B. Synthesis and optimization of a new calcium phosphate ceramic using a design of experiments. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-012-0587-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lee JS, Cha HD, Shim JH, Jung JW, Kim JY, Cho DW. Effect of pore architecture and stacking direction on mechanical properties of solid freeform fabrication-based scaffold for bone tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:1846-53. [PMID: 22488723 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of a three-dimensional (3D) scaffold with increased mechanical strength may be an essential requirement for more advanced bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Various material- and chemical-based approaches have been explored to enhance the mechanical properties of engineered bone tissue scaffolds. In this study, the effects of pore architecture and stacking direction on the mechanical and cell proliferation properties of a scaffold were investigated. The 3D scaffold was prepared using solid freeform fabrication technology with a multihead deposition system. Various types of scaffolds with different pore architectures (lattice, stagger, and triangle types) and stacking directions (horizontal and vertical directions) were fabricated with a blend of polycaprolactone and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid. In compression tests, the triangle-type scaffold was the strongest among the experimental groups. Stacking direction affected the mechanical properties of scaffolds. An in vitro cell counting kit-8 assay showed no significant differences in optical density depending on the different pore architectures and stacking directions. In conclusion, mechanical properties of scaffolds can be enhanced by controlling pore architecture and stacking direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Seob Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyungbuk, Korea
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Xie C, Lu H, Li W, Chen FM, Zhao YM. The use of calcium phosphate-based biomaterials in implant dentistry. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:853-862. [PMID: 22201031 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Since calcium phosphates (CaPs) were first proposed, a wide variety of formulations have been developed and continuously optimized, some of which (e.g. calcium phosphate cements, CPCs) have been successfully commercialized for clinical applications. These CaP-based biomaterials have been shown to be very attractive bone substitutes and efficient drug delivery vehicles across diverse biomedical applications. In this article, CaP biomaterials, principally CPCs, are addressed as alternatives/complements to autogenous bone for grafting in implant dentistry and as coating materials for enhancing the osteoinductivity of titanium implants, highlighting their performance benefits simultaneously as carriers for growth factors and as scaffolds for cell proliferation, differentiation and penetration. Different strategies for employing CaP biomaterials in dental implantology aim to ultimately reach the same goal, namely to enhance the osseointegration process for dental implants in the context of immediate loading and to augment the formation of surrounding bone to guarantee long-term success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xie
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Dorozhkin SV. Biphasic, triphasic and multiphasic calcium orthophosphates. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:963-77. [PMID: 21945826 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2011] [Revised: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Biphasic, triphasic and multiphasic (polyphasic) calcium orthophosphates have been sought as biomaterials for reconstruction of bone defects in maxillofacial, dental and orthopedic applications. In general, this concept is determined by advantageous balances of more stable (frequently hydroxyapatite) and more resorbable (typically tricalcium orthophosphates) phases of calcium orthophosphates, while the optimum ratios depend on the particular applications. Therefore, all currently known biphasic, triphasic and multiphasic formulations of calcium orthophosphate bioceramics are sparingly soluble in water and, thus, after being implanted they are gradually resorbed inside the body, releasing calcium and orthophosphate ions into the biological medium and, hence, seeding new bone formation. The available formulations have already demonstrated proven biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, safety and predictability in vitro, in vivo, as well as in clinical models. More recently, in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that some of them might possess osteoinductive properties. Hence, in the field of tissue engineering biphasic, triphasic and multiphasic calcium orthophosphates represent promising biomaterials to construct various scaffolds capable of carrying and/or modulating the behavior of cells. Furthermore, such scaffolds are also suitable for drug delivery applications. This review summarizes the available information on biphasic, triphasic and multiphasic calcium orthophosphates, including their biomedical applications. New formulations are also proposed.
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Douglas TEL, Gassling V, Declercq HA, Purcz N, Pamula E, Haugen HJ, Chasan S, de Mulder ELW, Jansen JA, Leeuwenburgh SCG. Enzymatically induced mineralization of platelet-rich fibrin. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:1335-46. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Kim YT, Park JC, Choi SH, Cho KS, Im GI, Kim BS, Kim CS. The dynamic healing profile of human periodontal ligament stem cells: histological and immunohistochemical analysis using an ectopic transplantation model. J Periodontal Res 2012; 47:514-24. [PMID: 22308979 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01463.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) have been reported to play the pivotal role in periodontal regeneration. However, the dynamic cellular healing process initiated by hPDLSCs still remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the sequence of regeneration by hPDLSCs was assessed using histological and immunohistochemical observation in an ectopic transplantation model, which is a well-standardized assessment tool that excludes the innate healing factors from the animals. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human periodontal ligament stem cells that were isolated and characterized from teeth (n=12) extracted for the purpose of orthodontic treatment were transplanted with carriers into ectopic subcutaneous pouches in immunocompromised mice (n=20). Animals were killed after several different healing periods: 3 d (n=4), 1 (n=4), 2 (n=4), 4 (n=4) and 8 wk (n=4). Histological analysis for regenerated tissues formed by hPDLSCs was conducted using hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome and picrosirius red staining. In addition, immunohistochemical staining was performed to observe the sequential expression of osteogenic/cementogenic and periodontal ligament tissue-specific markers associated with periodontal regeneration. RESULTS The whole healing process by transplanted hPDLSCs could be broadly divided into four distinctive phases. In the first phase, proliferated hPDLSCs migrated evenly all over the carrier, and collagenous tissues appeared in the form of amorphous collagen matrices. In the second phase, collagen fibers were well arranged among the carriers, and cementoid-like tissues were observed. In the third phase, the formation of mature collagen fibers, resembling Sharpey's fibers, was associated with active mineralization of cementum-like tissues, and in the fourth phase, the maturation of cementum-like tissues was observed on carrier surfaces. Various osteogenic/cementogenic markers related to the regeneration processes were expressed in a well-orchestrated time order. Interestingly, well-organized cementum-like and periodontal ligament fiber-like tissues and cells with early and late osteogenic/cementogenic markers were frequently observed in the secluded area of carrier surfaces. We termed this area the cell-rich zone. CONCLUSION The results from this study clearly demonstrated the sequential histological changes during periodontal tissue regeneration by hPDLSCs. Understanding of this process would potentially enable us to develop better cell-based treatment techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-T Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Scott MA, Levi B, Askarinam A, Nguyen A, Rackohn T, Ting K, Soo C, James AW. Brief review of models of ectopic bone formation. Stem Cells Dev 2012; 21:655-67. [PMID: 22085228 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic bone formation is a unique biologic entity--distinct from other areas of skeletal biology. Animal research models of ectopic bone formation most often employ rodent models and have unique advantages over orthotopic (bone) environments, including a relative lack of bone cytokine stimulation and cell-to-cell interaction with endogenous (host) bone-forming cells. This allows for relatively controlled in vivo experimental bone formation. A wide variety of ectopic locations have been used for experimentation, including subcutaneous, intramuscular, and kidney capsule transplantation. The method, benefits and detractions of each method are summarized in the following review. Briefly, subcutaneous implantation is the simplest method. However, the most pertinent concern is the relative paucity of bone formation in comparison to other models. Intramuscular implantation is also widely used and relatively simple, however intramuscular implants are exposed to skeletal muscle satellite progenitor cells. Thus, distinguishing host from donor osteogenesis becomes challenging without cell-tracking studies. The kidney capsule (perirenal or renal capsule) method is less widely used and more technically challenging. It allows for supraphysiologic blood and nutrient resource, promoting robust bone growth. In summary, ectopic bone models are extremely useful in the evaluation of bone-forming stem cells, new osteoinductive biomaterials, and growth factors; an appropriate choice of model, however, will greatly increase experimental success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Scott
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Henderson, Nevada, USA
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Yang RN, Ye F, Cheng LJ, Wang JJ, Lu XF, Shi YJ, Fan HS, Zhang XD, Bu H. Osteoinduction by Ca-P biomaterials implanted into the muscles of mice. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2011; 12:582-90. [PMID: 21726066 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The osteoinduction of porous biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics (BCP) has been widely reported and documented, but little research has been performed on rodent animals, e.g., mice. In this study, we report osteoinduction in a mouse model. Thirty mice were divided into two groups. BCP materials (Sample A) and control ceramics (Sample B) were implanted into the leg muscle, respectively. Five mice in each group were killed at 15, 30, and 45 d after surgery. Sample A and Sample B were harvested and used for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and Alizarin Red S staining to check bone formation in the biomaterials. Histological analysis showed that no bone tissue was formed 15 d after implantation (0/5) in either of the two groups. Newly-formed bone tissues were observed in Sample A at 30 d (5/5) and 45 d (5/5) after implantation; the average amounts of newly-formed bone tissues were approximately 5.2% and 8.6%, respectively. However, we did not see any bone tissue in Sample B until 45 d after implantation. Bone-related molecular makers such as bone morphogenesis protein-2 (BMP-2), collagen type I, and osteopontin were detected by IHC staining in Sample A 30 d after implantation. In addition, the newly-formed bone was also confirmed by Alizarin Red S staining. Because this is the report of osteoinduction in the rodent animal on which all the biotechnologies were available, our results may contribute to further mechanism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Barsotti MC, Felice F, Balbarini A, Di Stefano R. Fibrin as a scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2011; 58:301-10. [PMID: 21995533 DOI: 10.1002/bab.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin is a natural biopolymer with many interesting properties, such as biocompatibility, bioresorbability, ease of processing, ability to be tailored to modify the conditions of polymerization, and potential for incorporation of both cells and cell mediators. Moreover, the fibrin network has a nanometric fibrous structure, mimicking extracellular matrix, and it can also be used in autologous applications. Therefore, fibrin has found many applications in tissue engineering, combined with cells, growth factors, or drugs. Because a major limitation of cardiac cell therapy is low cell engraftment, the use of biodegradable scaffolds for specific homing and in situ cell retention is desirable. Thus, fibrin-based injectable cardiac tissue engineering may enhance cell therapy efficacy. Fibrin-based biomaterials can also be used for engineering heart valves or cardiac patches. The aim of this review is to show cardiac bioengineering uses of fibrin, both as a cell delivery vehicle and as an implantable biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Barsotti
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Department, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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Abstract
The state-of-the-art of biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials based on calcium orthophosphates that are suitable for biomedical applications is presented in this review. Since these types of biomaterials offer many significant and exciting possibilities for hard tissue regeneration, this subject belongs to a rapidly expanding area of biomedical research. Through successful combinations of the desired properties of matrix materials with those of fillers (in such systems, calcium orthophosphates might play either role), innovative bone graft biomaterials can be designed. Various types of biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials based on calcium orthophosphates, either those already in use or being investigated for biomedical applications, are extensively discussed. Many different formulations, in terms of the material constituents, fabrication technologies, structural and bioactive properties as well as both in vitro and in vivo characteristics, have already been proposed. Among the others, the nanostructurally controlled biocomposites, those containing nanodimensional compounds, biomimetically fabricated formulations with collagen, chitin and/or gelatin as well as various functionally graded structures seem to be the most promising candidates for clinical applications. The specific advantages of using biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials based on calcium orthophosphates in the selected applications are highlighted. As the way from the laboratory to the hospital is a long one, and the prospective biomedical candidates have to meet many different necessities, this review also examines the critical issues and scientific challenges that require further research and development.
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Park JC, So SS, Jung IH, Yun JH, Choi SH, Cho KS, Kim CS. Induction of bone formation by Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 using block-type macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate in orthotopic and ectopic rat models. J Periodontal Res 2011; 46:682-90. [PMID: 21702756 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01390.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The potential of the Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (ErhBMP-2) to support new bone formation/maturation using a block-type of macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (bMBCP) carrier was evaluated in an orthotopic and ectopic rat model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Critical-size (Φ 8 mm) calvarial defects and subcutaneous pockets in 32 Sprague-Dawley rats received implants of rhBMP-2 (2.5 μg) in a bMBCP carrier or bMBCP alone (control). Implant sites were evaluated using histological and histometric analysis following 2- and 8-wk healing intervals (eight animals/group/interval). RESULTS ErhBMP-2/bMBCP supported significantly greater bone formation at 2 and 8 wk (10.8% and 25.4%, respectively) than the control at 2 and 8 wk (5.3% and 14.0%, respectively) in calvarial defects (p < 0.01). Bone formation was only observed for the ErhBMP-2/bMBCP ectopic sites and was significantly greater at 8 wk (7.5%) than at 2 wk (4.5%) (p < 0.01). Appositional and endochondral bone formation was usually associated with a significant increase in fatty marrow at 8 wk. The bMBCP carrier showed no evidence of bioresorption. CONCLUSION ErhBMP-2/bMBCP induced significant bone formation in both calvarial and ectopic sites. Further study appears to be required to evaluate the relevance of the bMBCP carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-C Park
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Wang L, Shi H, Chen Y, Xue J, Chen Y, Liao Y. Healing of acute alveolar bone dehiscence following treatment with porous biphasic calcium phosphate in beagle dogs. Clin Oral Investig 2010; 15:983-91. [PMID: 20697757 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-010-0454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate histologically in beagle dogs the healing in acute dehiscence type defects following treatment with open flap debridement (OFD) with or without porous biphasic calcium phosphate (PBCP). Alveolar bone dehiscence defects were surgically created bilaterally at the labial aspects of maxillary third incisors in 12 beagle dogs. After root conditioning with ethylenediaminetetraacetate, PBCP was filled in the defects and the contralaterals were cured with OFD. Two fluorochrome labelings were administered at the 7th and 11th weeks, respectively. Four dogs were killed at the 12, 16, and 24 weeks, respectively. Histological observations were processed through microcomputed tomographic imaging, fluorescence microscope, and light microscopy. The formation of new regenerated tissues was assessed histomorphometrically. The results revealed the healing after treatments with PBCP evidenced a new attachment apparatus and that with OFD supported periodontal repair. In PBCP groups, the amount of new bone varied from 1.15 to 3.86 mm (23-77.2% of the original defect size), while only 0.3 to 1.04 mm (6-20.8%) in OFD group. The amount of new cementum in PBCP varied from 1.18 to 4.16 mm (23.6-82.3%), while only 0.67 to 1.15 mm (13.4-23%) in OFD group. The amount of periodontal ligament in PBCP varied from 1.03 to 4.12 mm (20.6-82.4%), while only 0 to 0.93 mm (0-18.6%) in OFD group. There was significantly more regenerated tissue in PBCP groups compared to OFD procedures (p < 0.01). The present results indicate that PBCP may enhance periodontal regeneration in acute-type labial dehiscence defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Chen FM, Zhang J, Zhang M, An Y, Chen F, Wu ZF. A review on endogenous regenerative technology in periodontal regenerative medicine. Biomaterials 2010; 31:7892-927. [PMID: 20684986 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a globally prevalent inflammatory disease that causes the destruction of the tooth-supporting apparatus and potentially leads to tooth loss. Currently, the methods to reconstitute lost periodontal structures (i.e. alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and root cementum) have relied on conventional mechanical, anti-infective modalities followed by a range of regenerative procedures such as guided tissue regeneration, the use of bone replacement grafts and exogenous growth factors (GFs), and recently developed tissue engineering technologies. However, all current or emerging paradigms have either been shown to have limited and variable outcomes or have yet to be developed for clinical use. To accelerate clinical translation, there is an ongoing need to develop therapeutics based on endogenous regenerative technology (ERT), which can stimulate latent self-repair mechanisms in patients and harness the host's innate capacity for regeneration. ERT in periodontics applies the patient's own regenerative 'tools', i.e. patient-derived GFs and fibrin scaffolds, sometimes in association with commercialized products (e.g. Emdogain and Bio-Oss), to create a material niche in an injured site where the progenitor/stem cells from neighboring tissues can be recruited for in situ periodontal regeneration. The choice of materials and the design of implantable devices influence therapeutic potential and the number and invasiveness of the associated clinical procedures. The interplay and optimization of each niche component involved in ERT are particularly important to comprehend how to make the desired cell response safe and effective for therapeutics. In this review, the emerging opportunities and challenges of ERT that avoid the ex vivo culture of autologous cells are addressed in the context of new approaches for engineering or regeneration of functional periodontal tissues by exploiting the use of platelet-rich products and its associated formulations as key endogenous resources for future clinical management of periodontal tissue defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Ming Chen
- Department of Periodontology & Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Goyenvalle E, Aguado E, Pilet P, Daculsi G. Biofunctionality of MBCP ceramic granules (TricOs) plus fibrin sealant (Tisseel) versus MBCP ceramic granules as a filler of large periprosthetic bone defects: an investigative ovine study. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2010; 21:1949-1958. [PMID: 20238148 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-010-4043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to quantify bone colonization toward an untreated titanium implant with primary stability following filling of the defect with micromacroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (MBCP) granules (TricOs) or MBCP granules mixed with fibrin sealant (Tisseel). Medial arthrotomy was performed on the knees of 20 sheep to create a bone defect (16 mm deep; 10 mm diameter), followed by anchorage of a titanium screw. Defects were filled with TricOs or TricOs-Tisseel granules, a perforated MBCP washer, a titanium washer and titanium screw. Sheep were euthanized at 3, 6, 12 and 26 weeks. From Week 12 onwards, the percentage of bone in contact with the 8 mm anchorage part of the screw increased in both groups, confirming its primary stability. At 26 weeks, whereas bone colonization was similar in both groups, biodegradation of ceramic was more rapid in the TricOs-Tisseel group (P = 0.0422). The centripetal nature of bone colonization was evident. Bone contact with the titanium implant surface was negligible. In conclusion, the use of a model that reproduces a large metaphyseal bone defect around a titanium implant with primary stability, filled with a mixture of either TricOs ceramic granules or TricOs granules mixed with Tisseel fibrin sealant, suggests that the addition of fibrin to TricOs enhances bone filling surgical technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Goyenvalle
- UPSP BBToCex, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Nantes, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes Cedex 3, France.
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