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Hall CK, Barr OM, Delamare A, Burkholder A, Tsai A, Tian Y, Felix E Ellett, Li BM, Tanzi RE, Jorfi M. Profiling migration of human monocytes in response to chemotactic and barotactic guidance cues. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2024; 4:100846. [PMID: 39241776 PMCID: PMC11440068 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2024.100846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Monocytes are critical to innate immunity, participating in chemotaxis during tissue injury, infection, and inflammatory conditions. However, the migration dynamics of human monocytes under different guidance cues are not well characterized. Here, we developed a microfluidic device to profile the migration characteristics of human monocytes under chemotactic and barotactic guidance cues while also assessing the effects of age and cytokine stimulation. Human monocytes preferentially migrated toward the CCL2 gradient through confined microchannels, regardless of donor age and migration pathway. Stimulation with interferon (IFN)-γ, but not granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), disrupted monocyte navigation through complex paths and decreased monocyte CCL2 chemotaxis, velocity, and CCR2 expression. Additionally, monocytes exhibited a bias toward low-hydraulic-resistance pathways in asymmetric environments, which remained consistent across donor ages, cytokine stimulation, and chemoattractants. This microfluidic system provides insights into the unique migratory behaviors of human monocytes and is a valuable tool for studying peripheral immune cell migration in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare K Hall
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Olivia M Barr
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Antoine Delamare
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Alex Burkholder
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Alice Tsai
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yuyao Tian
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Felix E Ellett
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brent M Li
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Mehdi Jorfi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Stiel L, Gaudet A, Thietart S, Vallet H, Bastard P, Voiriot G, Oualha M, Sarton B, Kallel H, Brechot N, Kreitmann L, Benghanem S, Joffre J, Jouan Y. Innate immune response in acute critical illness: a narrative review. Ann Intensive Care 2024; 14:137. [PMID: 39227416 PMCID: PMC11371990 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-024-01355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of innate immunity is a first line of host defense during acute critical illness (ACI) that aims to contain injury and avoid tissue damages. Aberrant activation of innate immunity may also participate in the occurrence of organ failures during critical illness. This review aims to provide a narrative overview of recent advances in the field of innate immunity in critical illness, and to consider future potential therapeutic strategies. MAIN TEXT Understanding the underlying biological concepts supporting therapeutic strategies modulating immune response is essential in decision-making. We will develop the multiple facets of innate immune response, especially its cellular aspects, and its interaction with other defense mechanisms. We will first describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of initiation of innate immune response and its implication during ACI. We will then develop the amplification of innate immunity mediated by multiple effectors. Our review will mainly focus on myeloid and lymphoid cellular effectors, the major actors involved in innate immune-mediated organ failure. We will third discuss the interaction and integration of innate immune response in a global view of host defense, thus considering interaction with non-immune cells through immunothrombosis, immunometabolism and long-term reprogramming via trained immunity. The last part of this review will focus on the specificities of the immune response in children and the older population. CONCLUSIONS Recent understanding of the innate immune response integrates immunity in a highly dynamic global vision of host response. A better knowledge of the implicated mechanisms and their tissue-compartmentalization allows to characterize the individual immune profile, and one day eventually, to develop individualized bench-to-bedside immunomodulation approaches as an adjuvant resuscitation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Stiel
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Groupe Hospitalier de la Région Mulhouse Sud Alsace, Mulhouse, France.
- Lipness Team, INSERM Research Team, LNC UMR 1231 and LabEx LipSTIC, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.
| | - Alexandre Gaudet
- CHU Lille, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Center, Univ. Lille, 59000, Lille, France
- CIIL (Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille), Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Sara Thietart
- Département de Gériatrie, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Inserm, PARCC U970, F75, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Vallet
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Saint Antoine, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR1135, Centre d'immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Voiriot
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Tenon, Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche, Saint-Antoine UMRS_938, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique, Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Oualha
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker Hospital, APHP, Centre-Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Benjamine Sarton
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente Purpan, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- ToNIC Lab (Toulouse NeuroImaging Center) INSERM/UPS UMR 1214, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Hatem Kallel
- Service de Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Guyane, France
| | - Nicolas Brechot
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Sorbonne Université, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière- Charles Foix, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB)-UMRS, INSERM U1050-CNRS 7241, College de France, Paris, France
| | - Louis Kreitmann
- Centre for Antimicrobial Optimisation, Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0HS, UK
- ICU West, The Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Sarah Benghanem
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Joffre
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital de Saint Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine INSERM, U938, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Youenn Jouan
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, CHRU Tours, Tours, France
- Services de Réanimation Chirurgicale Cardiovasculaire et de Chirurgie Cardiaque, CHRU Tours, Tours, France
- INSERM, U1100 Centre d'Etudes des Pathologies Respiratoires, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Tours, France
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Bertolini M, Clark D. Periodontal disease as a model to study chronic inflammation in aging. GeroScience 2024; 46:3695-3709. [PMID: 37285008 PMCID: PMC11226587 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00835-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that results in the destruction of the teeth supporting tissues, eventually leading to the loss of teeth and reduced quality of life. In severe cases, periodontal disease can limit proper nutritional intake, cause acute pain and infection, and cause a withdrawal from social situations due to esthetic and phonetic concerns. Similar to other chronic inflammatory conditions, periodontal disease increases in prevalence with age. Research into what drives periodontal disease pathogenesis in older adults is contributing to our general understanding of age-related chronic inflammation. This review will present periodontal disease as an age-related chronic inflammatory disease and as an effective geroscience model to study mechanisms of age-related inflammatory dysregulation. The current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive inflammatory dysregulation as a function of age will be discussed with a focus on the major pathogenic immune cells in periodontal disease, which include neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells. Research in the aging biology field has shown that the age-related changes in these immune cells result in the cells becoming less effective in the clearance of microbial pathogens, expansion of pathogenic subpopulations, or an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine secretions. Such changes can be pathogenic and contribute to inflammatory dysregulation that is associated with a myriad of age-related disease including periodontal disease. An improved understanding is needed to develop better interventions that target the molecules or pathways that are perturbed with age in order to improve treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions, including periodontal disease, in older adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martinna Bertolini
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Clark
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Agrawal S, Tran MT, Jennings TSK, Soliman MMH, Heo S, Sasson B, Rahmatpanah F, Agrawal A. Changes in the innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 with advancing age in humans. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:21. [PMID: 38515147 PMCID: PMC10956333 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-024-00426-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advancing age is a major risk factor for respiratory viral infections. The infections are often prolonged and difficult to resolve resulting hospitalizations and mortality. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted this as elderly subjects have emerged as vulnerable populations that display increased susceptibility and severity to SARS-CoV-2. There is an urgent need to identify the probable mechanisms underlying this to protect against future outbreaks of such nature. Innate immunity is the first line of defense against viruses and its decline impacts downstream immune responses. This is because dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages are key cellular elements of the innate immune system that can sense and respond to viruses by producing inflammatory mediators and priming CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses. RESULTS We investigated the changes in innate immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 as a function of age. Our results using human PBMCs from aged, middle-aged, and young subjects indicate that the activation of DCs and monocytes in response to SARS-CoV-2 is compromised with age. The impairment is most apparent in pDCs where both aged and middle-aged display reduced responses. The secretion of IL-29 that confers protection against respiratory viruses is also decreased in both aged and middle-aged subjects. In contrast, inflammatory mediators associated with severe COVID-19 including CXCL-8, TREM-1 are increased with age. This is also apparent in the gene expression data where pathways related host defense display an age dependent decrease with a concomitant increase in inflammatory pathways. Not only are the inflammatory pathways and mediators increased after stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 but also at homeostasis. In keeping with reduced DC activation, the induction of cytotoxic CD8 T cells is also impaired in aged subjects. However, the CD8 T cells from aged subjects display increased baseline activation in accordance with the enhanced baseline inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a decline in protective anti-viral immune responses and increase in damaging inflammatory responses with age indicating that dysregulated innate immune responses play a significant role in the increased susceptibility of aged subjects to COVID-19. Furthermore, the dysregulation in immune responses develops early on as middle-aged demonstrate several of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Agrawal
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Michelle Thu Tran
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | | | - Marlaine Maged Hosny Soliman
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Sally Heo
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Bobby Sasson
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Farah Rahmatpanah
- Department of Pathology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Anshu Agrawal
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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5
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Shema C, Lu Y, Wang L, Zhang Y. Monocyte alteration in elderly hip fracture healing: monocyte promising role in bone regeneration. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:12. [PMID: 38308312 PMCID: PMC10837905 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-024-00413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Individual aged with various change in cell and cellular microenvironments and the skeletal system undergoes physiological changes that affect the process of bone fracture healing. These changes are accompanied by alterations in regulating critical genes involved in this healing process. Unfortunately, the elderly are particularly susceptible to hip bone fractures, which pose a significant burden associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates. A notable change in older adults is the increased expression of activation, adhesion, and migration markers in circulating monocytes. However, there is a decrease in the expression of co-inhibitory molecules. Recently, research evidence has shown that the migration of specific monocyte subsets to the site of hip fracture plays a crucial role in bone resorption and remodeling, especially concerning age-related factors. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about uniqueness characteristics of monocytes, and their potential regulation and moderation to enhance the healing process of hip fractures. This breakthrough could significantly contribute to the comprehension of aging process at a fundamental aging mechanism through this initiative would represent a crucial stride for diagnosing and treating age related hip fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Shema
- Department of Orthopedic Research Center, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yining Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Research Center, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Research Center, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China.
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China.
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Research Center, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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6
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Maestri A, Garagnani P, Pedrelli M, Hagberg CE, Parini P, Ehrenborg E. Lipid droplets, autophagy, and ageing: A cell-specific tale. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 94:102194. [PMID: 38218464 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Lipid droplets are the essential organelle for storing lipids in a cell. Within the variety of the human body, different cells store, utilize and release lipids in different ways, depending on their intrinsic function. However, these differences are not well characterized and, especially in the context of ageing, represent a key factor for cardiometabolic diseases. Whole body lipid homeostasis is a central interest in the field of cardiometabolic diseases. In this review we characterize lipid droplets and their utilization via autophagy and describe their diverse fate in three cells types central in cardiometabolic dysfunctions: adipocytes, hepatocytes, and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Maestri
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Pedrelli
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, and Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Medicine Unit of Endocrinology, Theme Inflammation and Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carolina E Hagberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Parini
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, and Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Medicine Unit of Endocrinology, Theme Inflammation and Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ewa Ehrenborg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Xing D, Jin Y, Jin B. A narrative review on inflammaging and late-onset hypogonadism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1291389. [PMID: 38298378 PMCID: PMC10827931 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1291389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing life expectancy observed in recent years has resulted in a higher prevalence of late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) in older men. LOH is characterized by the decline in testosterone levels and can have significant impacts on physical and mental health. While the underlying causes of LOH are not fully understood, there is a growing interest in exploring the role of inflammaging in its development. Inflammaging is a concept that describes the chronic, low-grade, systemic inflammation that occurs as a result of aging. This inflammatory state has been implicated in the development of various age-related diseases. Several cellular and molecular mechanisms have been identified as contributors to inflammaging, including immune senescence, cellular senescence, autophagy defects, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Despite the extensive research on inflammaging, its relationship with LOH has not yet been thoroughly reviewed in the literature. To address this gap, we aim to review the latest findings related to inflammaging and its impact on the development of LOH. Additionally, we will explore interventions that target inflammaging as potential treatments for LOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xing
- Medical College of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yihan Jin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baofang Jin
- Andrology Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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8
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Asghari F, Asghary A, Majidi Zolbanin N, Faraji F, Jafari R. Immunosenescence and Inflammaging in COVID-19. Viral Immunol 2023; 36:579-592. [PMID: 37797216 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2023.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite knowledge gaps in understanding the full spectrum of the hyperinflammatory phase caused by SARS-CoV-2, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), COVID-19 is still the leading cause of death worldwide. Susceptible people to severe COVID-19 are those with underlying medical conditions or those with dysregulated and senescence-associated immune responses. As the immune system undergoes aging in the elderly, such drastic changes predispose them to various diseases and affect their responsiveness to infections, as seen in COVID-19. At-risk groups experience poor prognosis in terms of disease recovery. Changes in the quantity and quality of immune cell function have been described in numerous literature sites. Impaired immune cell function along with age-related metabolic changes can lead to features such as hyperinflammatory response, immunosenescence, and inflammaging in COVID-19. Inflammaging is related to the increased activity of the most inflammatory factors and is the main cause of age-related diseases and tissue failure in the elderly. Since hyperinflammation is a common feature of most severe cases of COVID-19, this pathway, which is not fully understood, leads to immunosenescence and inflammaging in some individuals, especially in the elderly and those with comorbidities. In this review, we shed some light on the age-related abnormalities of innate and adaptive immune cells and how hyperinflammatory immune responses contribute to the inflammaging process, leading to clinical deterioration. Further, we provide insights into immunomodulation-based therapeutic approaches, which are potentially important considerations in vaccine design for elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Asghari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Asghary
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Naime Majidi Zolbanin
- Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Faraji
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Thakolwiboon S, Mills EA, Yang J, Doty J, Belkin MI, Cho T, Schultz C, Mao-Draayer Y. Immunosenescence and multiple sclerosis: inflammaging for prognosis and therapeutic consideration. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1234572. [PMID: 37900152 PMCID: PMC10603254 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1234572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a progressive decline of innate and adaptive immune responses, called immunosenescence. This phenomenon links to different multiple sclerosis (MS) disease courses among different age groups. While clinical relapse and active demyelination are mainly related to the altered adaptive immunity, including invasion of T- and B-lymphocytes, impairment of innate immune cell (e.g., microglia, astrocyte) function is the main contributor to disability progression and neurodegeneration. Most patients with MS manifest the relapsing-remitting phenotype at a younger age, while progressive phenotypes are mainly seen in older patients. Current disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) primarily targeting adaptive immunity are less efficacious in older patients, suggesting that immunosenescence plays a role in treatment response. This review summarizes the recent immune mechanistic studies regarding immunosenescence in patients with MS and discusses the clinical implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth A. Mills
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer Yang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jonathan Doty
- Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders, Farmington Hills, MI, United States
| | - Martin I. Belkin
- Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders, Farmington Hills, MI, United States
| | - Thomas Cho
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Charles Schultz
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yang Mao-Draayer
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders, Farmington Hills, MI, United States
- Autoimmune Center of Excellence, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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10
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Royer L, Chauvin M, Dhiab J, Pedruzzi E, Boddaert J, Sauce D, Vallet H. Expression of immune checkpoint on subset of monocytes in old patients. Exp Gerontol 2023; 181:112267. [PMID: 37562546 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoints and their ligands are important actors of lymphocytes and monocytes activation's regulation. Their expression level within T cells changes with aging. Despite the major impact of aging on monocytes, there is no data about the expression of ICs on monocytes from old patients. The objective of our study is to describe the expression of ICs and their ligands on monocytes from young individuals compared to old patients. METHODS We included 18 old control (>75 years old), 10 young control (<55 years old) and 45 old patients with hip fracture (HF). Phenotypical and functional analyses were performed on cryopreserved PBMCs. RESULTS There is a differential expression of immune checkpoints and their ligands within monocyte subtypes regardless of age at baseline. After stimulation, a differential expression of immune checkpoints in young subjects but not in old subjects was observed which would be in favor of a regulation defect in old subjects. We hypothesize that this lack of regulation could partially explain the excess production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by the stimulated monocytes in old subjects. In HF, we also observe a differential expression of immune checkpoints, especially in old patients with a poor prognosis. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the immune regulation which should take place post-acute stress may be affected in old individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Royer
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 1135, Centre d'immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), France; Department of Geriatrics, Saint Antoine hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F75012 Paris, France
| | - Manon Chauvin
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 1135, Centre d'immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), France
| | - Jamila Dhiab
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 1135, Centre d'immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), France
| | - Eric Pedruzzi
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 1135, Centre d'immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), France
| | - Jacques Boddaert
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 1135, Centre d'immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), France; Department of Geriatrics, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F75012 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Sauce
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 1135, Centre d'immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), France
| | - Hélène Vallet
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 1135, Centre d'immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), France; Department of Geriatrics, Saint Antoine hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F75012 Paris, France.
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11
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Oren RL, Grasfield RH, Friese MB, Chibnik LB, Chi JH, Groff MW, Kang JD, Xie Z, Culley DJ, Crosby G. Geriatric Surgery Produces a Hypoactive Molecular Phenotype in the Monocyte Immune Gene Transcriptome. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6271. [PMID: 37834915 PMCID: PMC10573997 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgery is a major challenge for the immune system, but little is known about the immune response of geriatric patients to surgery. We therefore investigated the impact of surgery on the molecular signature of circulating CD14+ monocytes, cells implicated in clinical recovery from surgery, in older patients. We enrolled older patients having elective joint replacement (N = 19) or spine (N = 16) surgery and investigated pre- to postoperative expression changes in 784 immune-related genes in monocytes. Joint replacement altered the expression of 489 genes (adjusted p < 0.05), of which 38 had a |logFC| > 1. Spine surgery changed the expression of 209 genes (adjusted p < 0.05), of which 27 had a |logFC| > 1. In both, the majority of genes with a |logFC| > 1 change were downregulated. In the combined group (N = 35), 471 transcripts were differentially expressed (adjusted p < 0.05) after surgery; 29 had a |logFC| > 1 and 72% of these were downregulated. Notably, 21 transcripts were common across procedures. Thus, elective surgery in older patients produces myriad changes in the immune gene transcriptome of monocytes, with many suggesting development of an immunocompromised/hypoactive phenotype. Because monocytes are strongly implicated in the quality of surgical recovery, this signature provides insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the immune response to surgery and warrants further study as a potential biomarker for predicting poor outcomes in older surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Oren
- Cognitive Outcomes of Geriatric Surgery Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (R.L.O.); (R.H.G.)
| | - Rachel H. Grasfield
- Cognitive Outcomes of Geriatric Surgery Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (R.L.O.); (R.H.G.)
| | - Matthew B. Friese
- Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Sanofi, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Lori B. Chibnik
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John H. Chi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (J.H.C.); (M.W.G.)
| | - Michael W. Groff
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (J.H.C.); (M.W.G.)
| | - James D. Kang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Zhongcong Xie
- Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA;
| | - Deborah J. Culley
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Gregory Crosby
- Cognitive Outcomes of Geriatric Surgery Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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12
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Wang C, Cheng Y, Li B, Qiu X, Hu H, Zhang X, Lu Z, Zheng F. Transcriptional characteristics and functional validation of three monocyte subsets during aging. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:50. [PMID: 37759225 PMCID: PMC10523626 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00377-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-associated changes in immunity are inextricably linked to chronic inflammation and age-related diseases, the impact of aging on monocyte subsets is poorly understood. METHODS Flow cytometry was applied to distinguish three monocyte subsets between 120 young and 103 aged individuals. We then analyzed the expression profiles of three monocyte subsets from 9 young and 9 older donors and CD14+ monocytes from 1202 individuals between 44 and 83 years old. Flow cytometry was used to measure β-galactosidase activities, ROS levels, mitochondrial contents, mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMPs) and intracellular IL-6 levels in three monocyte subsets of young and elderly individuals, and plasma IL-6 levels were detected by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Mitochondrial stress and glycolytic rate of CD14+ monocytes from young and aged individuals were measured by Seahorse XFe24 Analyzer. RESULTS Compared with young individuals, the percentage of classical subset in aged persons significantly decreased, while the proportion of nonclassical subset increased. Age-related differential genes were obviously enriched in cellular senescence, ROS, oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial respiratory chain, IL-6 and ribosome-related pathways. Compared with young individuals, the β-galactosidase activities, ROS contents, intracellular IL-6 levels of three monocyte subsets, and plasma IL-6 levels in aged individuals were significantly elevated, while the MMPs apparently declined with age and the mitochondrial contents were only increased in intermediate and nonclassical subsets. CD14+ monocytes from elderly adults had conspicuously lower basal and spare respiratory capacity and higher basal glycolysis than those from young individuals. CONCLUSIONS During aging, monocytes exhibited senescence-associated secretory phenotype, mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased oxidative phosphorylation and increased glycolysis and the nonclassical subset displayed the clearest features of aging. Our study comprehensively investigated age-related transcriptional alterations of three monocyte subsets and identified the pivotal pathways of monocyte senescence, which may have significant implications for tactics to alleviate age-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Yating Cheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Boyu Li
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xueping Qiu
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhibing Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Fang Zheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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13
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Allué-Guardia A, Torrelles JB, Sigal A. Tuberculosis and COVID-19 in the elderly: factors driving a higher burden of disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1250198. [PMID: 37841265 PMCID: PMC10569613 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1250198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) and SARS-CoV-2 are both infections that can lead to severe disease in the lower lung. However, these two infections are caused by very different pathogens (Mycobacterium vs. virus), they have different mechanisms of pathogenesis and immune response, and differ in how long the infection lasts. Despite the differences, SARS-CoV-2 and M.tb share a common feature, which is also frequently observed in other respiratory infections: the burden of disease in the elderly is greater. Here, we discuss possible reasons for the higher burden in older adults, including the effect of co-morbidities, deterioration of the lung environment, auto-immunity, and a reduced antibody response. While the answer is likely to be multifactorial, understanding the main drivers across different infections may allow us to design broader interventions that increase the health-span of older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Allué-Guardia
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
- International Center for the Advancement of Research and Education (I•CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Alex Sigal
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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14
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Meng F, Zhou Y, Wagner A, Bülow JM, Köhler K, Neunaber C, Bundkirchen K, Relja B. Impact of age on liver damage, inflammation, and molecular signaling pathways in response to femoral fracture and hemorrhage. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1239145. [PMID: 37691959 PMCID: PMC10484338 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1239145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Trauma causes disability and mortality globally, leading to fractures and hemorrhagic shock. This can trigger an irregular inflammatory response that damages remote organs, including liver. Aging increases the susceptibility to dysregulated immune responses following trauma, raising the risk of organ damage, infections, and higher morbidity and mortality in elderly patients. This study investigates how aging affects liver inflammation and damage post-trauma. Methods 24 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups. Twelve young (17-26 weeks) and 12 aged (64-72 weeks) mice were included. Mice further underwent either hemorrhagic shock (trauma/hemorrhage, TH), and femoral fracture (osteotomy) with external fixation (Fx) (THFx, n=6) or sham procedures (n=6). After 24 hours, mice were sacrificed. Liver injury and apoptosis were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining and activated caspase-3 immunostaining. CXCL1 and infiltrating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) in the liver were assessed by immunostaining, and concentrations of CXCL1, TNF, IL-1β, and IL-10 in the liver tissue were determined by ELISA. Gene expression of Tnf, Cxcl1, Il-1β, and Cxcl2 in the liver tissue was determined by qRT-PCR. Finally, western blot was used to determine protein expression levels of IκBα, Akt, and their phosphorylated forms. Results THFx caused liver damage and increased presence of active caspase-3-positive cells compared to the corresponding sham group. THFx aged group had more severe liver injury than the young group. CXCL1 and PMNL levels were significantly higher in both aged groups, and THFx caused a greater increase in CXCL and PMNL levels in aged compared to the young group. Pro-inflammatory TNF and IL-1β levels were elevated in aged groups, further intensified by THFx. Anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels were lower in aged groups. Tnf and Cxcl1 gene expression was enhanced in the aged sham group. Phosphorylation ratio of IκBα was significantly increased in the aged sham group versus young sham group. THFx-induced IκBα phosphorylation in the young group was significantly reduced in the aged THFx group. Akt phosphorylation was significantly reduced in the THFx aged group compared to the THFx young group. Conclusion The findings indicate that aging may lead to increased vulnerability to liver injury and inflammation following trauma due to dysregulated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanshuai Meng
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Translational and Experimental Trauma Research, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yuzhuo Zhou
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Translational and Experimental Trauma Research, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alessa Wagner
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Translational and Experimental Trauma Research, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jasmin Maria Bülow
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Translational and Experimental Trauma Research, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kernt Köhler
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Claudia Neunaber
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katrin Bundkirchen
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Borna Relja
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Translational and Experimental Trauma Research, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
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15
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Vallet H, Guidet B, Boumendil A, De Lange DW, Leaver S, Szczeklik W, Jung C, Sviri S, Beil M, Flaatten H. The impact of age-related syndromes on ICU process and outcomes in very old patients. Ann Intensive Care 2023; 13:68. [PMID: 37542186 PMCID: PMC10403479 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-023-01160-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review, we describe the most important age-related "syndromes" found in the old ICU patients. The syndromes are frailty, comorbidity, cognitive decline, malnutrition, sarcopenia, loss of functional autonomy, immunosenescence and inflam-ageing. The underlying geriatric condition, together with the admission diagnosis and the acute severity contribute to the short-term, but also to the long-term prognosis. Besides mortality, functional status and quality of life are major outcome variables. The geriatric assessment is a key tool for long-term qualitative outcome, while immediate severity accounts for acute mortality. A poor functional baseline reduces the chances of a successful outcome following ICU. This review emphasises the importance of using a geriatric assessment and considering the older patient as a whole, rather than the acute illness in isolation, when making decisions regarding intensive care treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Vallet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 1135, Centre d'immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Department of Geriatrics, Saint Antoine, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Sorbonne Université, F75012, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Guidet
- Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, service de réanimation, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, AP-HP, 75012, Paris, France.
| | - Ariane Boumendil
- service de réanimation, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F75012, Paris, France
| | - Dylan W De Lange
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Susannah Leaver
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, St George's Hospital London, London, England
| | - Wojciech Szczeklik
- Intensive Care and Perioperative Medicine Division, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Christian Jung
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sigal Sviri
- Department of Medical Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University and Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Beil
- Department of Medical Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University and Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hans Flaatten
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Department of Research and Developement, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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16
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Hieber C, Grabbe S, Bros M. Counteracting Immunosenescence-Which Therapeutic Strategies Are Promising? Biomolecules 2023; 13:1085. [PMID: 37509121 PMCID: PMC10377144 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging attenuates the overall responsiveness of the immune system to eradicate pathogens. The increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by innate immune cells under basal conditions, termed inflammaging, contributes to impaired innate immune responsiveness towards pathogen-mediated stimulation and limits antigen-presenting activity. Adaptive immune responses are attenuated as well due to lowered numbers of naïve lymphocytes and their impaired responsiveness towards antigen-specific stimulation. Additionally, the numbers of immunoregulatory cell types, comprising regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, that inhibit the activity of innate and adaptive immune cells are elevated. This review aims to summarize our knowledge on the cellular and molecular causes of immunosenescence while also taking into account senescence effects that constitute immune evasion mechanisms in the case of chronic viral infections and cancer. For tumor therapy numerous nanoformulated drugs have been developed to overcome poor solubility of compounds and to enable cell-directed delivery in order to restore immune functions, e.g., by addressing dysregulated signaling pathways. Further, nanovaccines which efficiently address antigen-presenting cells to mount sustained anti-tumor immune responses have been clinically evaluated. Further, senolytics that selectively deplete senescent cells are being tested in a number of clinical trials. Here we discuss the potential use of such drugs to improve anti-aging therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hieber
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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17
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Andreas N, Geißler K, Priese J, Guntinas-Lichius O, Kamradt T. Age-related changes of the innate immune system of the palatine tonsil in a healthy cohort. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1183212. [PMID: 37457697 PMCID: PMC10344772 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1183212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although tonsillectomy is performed frequently, the role of palatine tonsils in life long immune protection or tolerance is still debated and the consequences of their removal for the immune system are of general interest. We analysed the tonsillar myeloid compartment in healthy subjects across a wide range of age (64% male; age range: 3 - 85 years) and compared its composition to the peripheral blood. We could observe a strong accumulation of all granulocyte subsets in the aging tonsil, which was most pronounced for basophils and mast cells. On functional level, an increase of CD163 and CD206 expression among monocytes and an increase of neutrophils expressing the inhibitory FcγRIIb correlated with increasing age. While the age-related shift of the leukocyte composition towards monocytes in blood is not reflected in tonsils, the increasing immunoregulatory phenotype of tonsilar monocytes is potentially counteracting the phenomenon of inflammaging at higher age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Andreas
- Institute of Immunology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Katharina Geißler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Juliane Priese
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Kamradt
- Institute of Immunology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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18
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Oren RL, Kim EJ, Leonard AK, Rosner B, Chibnik LB, Das S, Grodstein F, Crosby G, Culley DJ. Age-dependent differences and similarities in the plasma proteomic signature of postoperative delirium. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7431. [PMID: 37156856 PMCID: PMC10167206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Delirium is an acute confusional state and a common postoperative morbidity. Prevalent in older adults, delirium occurs at other ages but it is unclear whether the pathophysiology and biomarkers for the condition are independent of age. We quantified expression of 273 plasma proteins involved in inflammation and cardiovascular or neurologic conditions in 34 middle-aged and 42 older patients before and one day after elective spine surgery. Delirium was identified by the 3D-CAM and comprehensive chart review. Protein expression was measure by Proximity Extension Assay and results were analyzed by logistic regression, gene set enrichment, and protein-protein interactions. Twenty-two patients developed delirium postoperatively (14 older; 8 middle-aged) and 89 proteins in pre- or 1-day postoperative plasma were associated with delirium. A few proteins (IL-8, LTBR, TNF-R2 postoperatively; IL-8, IL-6, LIF, ASGR1 by pre- to postoperative change) and 12 networks were common to delirium in both age groups. However, there were marked differences in the delirium proteome by age; older patients had many more delirium-associated proteins and pathways than middle-aged subjects even though both had the same clinical syndrome. Therefore, there are age-dependent similarities and differences in the plasma proteomic signature of postoperative delirium, which may signify age differences in pathogenesis of the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Oren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Erin J Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anna K Leonard
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lori B Chibnik
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sudeshna Das
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francine Grodstein
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gregory Crosby
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Deborah J Culley
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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19
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Rengo C, Valletta A, Liccardo D, Spagnuolo G, Corbi G, De Luca F, Lauria MR, Perrotta A, Rengo G, Ferrara N, Rengo S, Valletta R, Cannavo A. Healthy aging: when periodontal health matters. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS 2023. [DOI: 10.36150/2499-6564-n580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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20
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Abstract
The inflammaging concept was introduced in 2000 by Prof. Franceschi. This was an evolutionary or rather a revolutionary conceptualization of the immune changes in response to a lifelong stress. This conceptualization permitted to consider the lifelong proinflammatory process as an adaptation which could eventually lead to either beneficial or detrimental consequences. This dichotomy is influenced by both the genetics and the environment. Depending on which way prevails in an individual, the outcome may be healthy longevity or pathological aging burdened with aging-related diseases. The concept of inflammaging has also revealed the complex, systemic nature of aging. Thus, this conceptualization opens the way to consider age-related processes in their complexity, meaning that not only the process but also all counter-processes should be considered. It has also opened the way to add new concepts to the original one, leading to better understanding of the nature of inflammaging and of aging itself. Finally, it showed the way towards potential multimodal interventions involving a holistic approach to optimize the aging process towards a healthy longevity.
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21
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Meyer-Lindemann U, Moggio A, Dutsch A, Kessler T, Sager HB. The Impact of Exercise on Immunity, Metabolism, and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3394. [PMID: 36834808 PMCID: PMC9967592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise represents an effective preventive and therapeutic strategy beneficially modifying the course of multiple diseases. The protective mechanisms of exercise are manifold; primarily, they are elicited by alterations in metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Exercise intensity and duration strongly influence the provoked response. This narrative review aims to provide comprehensive up-to-date insights into the beneficial effects of physical exercise by illustrating the impact of moderate and vigorous exercise on innate and adaptive immunity. Specifically, we describe qualitative and quantitative changes in different leukocyte subsets while distinguishing between acute and chronic exercise effects. Further, we elaborate on how exercise modifies the progression of atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death worldwide, representing a prime example of a disease triggered by metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Here, we describe how exercise counteracts causal contributors and thereby improves outcomes. In addition, we identify gaps that still need to be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Meyer-Lindemann
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
- DZHK e.V. (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Aldo Moggio
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Dutsch
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
- DZHK e.V. (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Thorsten Kessler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
- DZHK e.V. (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik B. Sager
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
- DZHK e.V. (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
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22
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Jinna N, Rida P, Su T, Gong Z, Yao S, LaBarge M, Natarajan R, Jovanovic-Talisman T, Ambrosone C, Seewaldt V. The DARC Side of Inflamm-Aging: Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines (DARC/ACKR1) as a Potential Biomarker of Aging, Immunosenescence, and Breast Oncogenesis among High-Risk Subpopulations. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233818. [PMID: 36497078 PMCID: PMC9740232 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The proclivity of certain pre-malignant and pre-invasive breast lesions to progress while others do not continues to perplex clinicians. Clinicians remain at a crossroads with effectively managing the high-risk patient subpopulation owing to the paucity of biomarkers that can adequately risk-stratify and inform clinical decisions that circumvent unnecessary administration of cytotoxic and invasive treatments. The immune system mounts the most important line of defense against tumorigenesis and progression. Unfortunately, this defense declines or "ages" over time-a phenomenon known as immunosenescence. This results in "inflamm-aging" or the excessive infiltration of pro-inflammatory chemokines, which alters the leukocyte composition of the tissue microenvironment, and concomitant immunoediting of these leukocytes to diminish their antitumor immune functions. Collectively, these effects can foster the sequelae of neoplastic transformation and progression. The erythrocyte cell antigen, Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines(DARC/ACKR1), binds and internalizes chemokines to maintain homeostatic levels and modulate leukocyte trafficking. A negative DARC status is highly prevalent among subpopulations of West African genetic ancestry, who are at higher risk of developing breast cancer and disease progression at a younger age. However, the role of DARC in accelerated inflamm-aging and malignant transformation remains underexplored. Herein, we review compelling evidence suggesting that DARC may be protective against inflamm-aging and, therefore, reduce the risk of a high-risk lesion progressing to malignancy. We also discuss evidence supporting that immunotherapeutic intervention-based on DARC status-among high-risk subpopulations may evade malignant transformation and progression. A closer look into this unique role of DARC could glean deeper insight into the immune response profile of individual high-risk patients and their predisposition to progress as well as guide the administration of more "cyto-friendly" immunotherapeutic intervention to potentially "turn back the clock" on inflamm-aging-mediated oncogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Jinna
- Department of Population Science, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Padmashree Rida
- Department of Science, Rowland Hall, Salt Lake City, UT 84102, USA
| | - Tianyi Su
- Department of Science, Rowland Hall, Salt Lake City, UT 84102, USA
| | - Zhihong Gong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Mark LaBarge
- Department of Population Science, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Rama Natarajan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | | | - Christine Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Victoria Seewaldt
- Department of Population Science, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Correspondence:
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Immunosenescence, Inflammaging, and Lung Senescence in Asthma in the Elderly. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101456. [PMID: 36291665 PMCID: PMC9599177 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of asthma in older adults is growing along with increasing global life expectancy. Due to poor clinical consequences such as high mortality, advancement in understanding the pathophysiology of asthma in older patients has been sought to provide prompt treatment for them. Age-related alterations of functions in the immune system and lung parenchyma occur throughout life. Alterations with advancing age are promoted by various stimuli, including pathobionts, fungi, viruses, pollutants, and damage-associated molecular patterns derived from impaired cells, abandoned cell debris, and senescent cells. Age-related changes in the innate and adaptive immune response, termed immunosenescence, includes impairment of phagocytosis and antigen presentation, enhancement of proinflammatory mediator generation, and production of senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Immnunosenescence could promote inflammaging (chronic low-grade inflammation) and contribute to late-onset adult asthma and asthma in the elderly, along with age-related pulmonary disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary fibrosis, due to lung parenchyma senescence. Aged patients with asthma exhibit local and systemic type 2 and non-type 2 inflammation, associated with clinical manifestations. Here, we discuss immunosenescence’s contribution to the immune response and the combination of type 2 inflammation and inflammaging in asthma in the elderly and present an overview of age-related features in the immune system and lung structure.
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Snodgrass RG, Jiang X, Stephensen CB. Monocyte subsets display age-dependent alterations at fasting and undergo non-age-dependent changes following consumption of a meal. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:41. [PMID: 36104734 PMCID: PMC9472410 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00297-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Monocytes are a heterogenous population of immune cells whose subsets and functions become substantially dysregulated with advanced age. Although much of our current understanding of the age-related changes in monocytes is derived from fasting blood samples, most people are predominately in the postprandial state during waking hours. As hormonal, metabolic, and immunological changes in response to the consumption of a meal are manifested in postprandial blood, it’s unclear how age-dependent changes in peripheral monocytes at fasting are impacted by a dietary challenge. Objective We investigated the impact of age and meal consumption on circulating monocyte frequencies and subsets defined as classical (CD14 + CD16-), intermediate (CD14 + CD16 +), or non-classical (CD14dim CD16 +) in a cohort of 349 healthy adult volunteers grouped into categories based on their age: young adults (18–33 y, n = 123), middle adults (34–49 y, n = 115), and older adults (50–66 y, n = 111). Results Following 12-h fast total monocyte counts inversely correlated with subject age. Older adults had significantly fewer circulating monocytes along with elevated levels of TGs, cholesterol, glucose, IL-6, IL-8, TNF, neopterin, and CCL2 compared with young adults. Circulating monocyte pools in older adults consisted of smaller proportions of classical but larger proportions of intermediate and non-classical monocytes. Proportions of classical monocytes were inversely correlated with plasma TNF, IL-8, and neopterin while intermediate monocytes were positively correlated with plasma IL-6, TNF, and neopterin. Three hours after consuming a fat-containing meal postprandial monocyte counts increased in all age groups. Despite age-dependent differences in monocyte subsets at fasting, consumption of a meal induced similar changes in the proportions of classical and non-classical monocytes across age groups. Within the circulating postprandial monocyte pool, percentages of classical monocytes decreased while non-classical monocytes increased. However no change in precursory intermediate monocytes were detected. Our study confirms that ageing is associated with changes in monocyte frequencies and subsets and shows that consuming a fat-containing meal induces temporal changes in monocyte frequency and subsets independently of subject age. Clinical trial Registered on ClincialTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02367287) Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12979-022-00297-6.
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Hohman LS, Osborne LC. A gut-centric view of aging: Do intestinal epithelial cells contribute to age-associated microbiota changes, inflammaging, and immunosenescence? Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13700. [PMID: 36000805 PMCID: PMC9470900 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) serve as both a physical and an antimicrobial barrier against the microbiota, as well as a conduit for signaling between the microbiota and systemic host immunity. As individuals age, the balance between these systems undergoes a myriad of changes due to age-associated changes to the microbiota, IECs themselves, immunosenescence, and inflammaging. In this review, we discuss emerging data related to age-associated loss of intestinal barrier integrity and posit that IEC dysfunction may play a central role in propagating age-associated alterations in microbiota composition and immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah S. Hohman
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Life Sciences InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Lisa C. Osborne
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Life Sciences InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
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Lindsay EK, Creswell JD, Stern HJ, Greco CM, Walko TD, Dutcher JM, Wright AGC, Brown KW, Marsland AL. Mindfulness-based stress reduction increases stimulated IL-6 production among lonely older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 104:6-15. [PMID: 35550854 PMCID: PMC9646928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Loneliness is a potent psychosocial stressor that predicts poor health and mortality among older adults, possibly in part by accelerating age-related declines in immunocompetence. Mindfulness interventions have shown promise for reducing loneliness and improving markers of physical health. In a sample of lonely older adults, this two-arm parallel trial tested whether mindfulness training enhances stimulated interleukin-6 (IL-6) production, a measure of innate immune responsivity. Lonely older adults (65-85 years; N = 190) were randomized to an 8-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) or control Health Enhancement Program (HEP) intervention. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated production of IL-6 was measured in vitro by blinded outcome assessors at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Mixed-effects linear models tested time (pre, post, follow-up) by condition (MBSR vs. HEP) effects. As predicted, a significant time × condition effect on stimulated IL-6 production was observed across pre, post, and follow-up timepoints. Significant MBSR vs. HEP differences emerged from pre- to post-intervention (p =.009, d = 0.38) and from pre-intervention to 3-month follow-up (p =.017, d = 0.35), with larger increases in IL-6 production following MBSR compared to HEP. No study-related adverse events were reported. Results show that mindfulness training may be effective for boosting innate immunocompetence among lonely older adults. Given that immunocompetence tends to decline with age, mindfulness training may help to counteract the effects of aging and psychosocial stress on infection risk and recovery from injury.
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Mamais A, Kaganovich A, Harvey K. Convergence of signalling pathways in innate immune responses and genetic forms of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 169:105721. [PMID: 35405260 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years progress in molecular biology and genetics have advanced our understanding of neurological disorders and highlighted synergistic relationships with inflammatory and age-related processes. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Increasing extensive evidence supports the contribution of genetic risk variants and inflammation in the pathobiology of this disease. Functional and genetic studies demonstrate an overlap between genes linked to increased risk for PD and autoimmune diseases. Variants identified in loci adjacent to LRRK2, GBA, and HLA establish a crosstalk between the pathobiologies of the two disease spectra. Furthermore, common signalling pathways associated with the pathogenesis of genetic PD are also relevant to inflammatory signaling include MAPK, NF-κB, Wnt and inflammasome signaling. Importantly, post-mortem analyses of brain and cerebrospinal fluid from PD patients show the accumulation of proinflammatory cytokines. In this review we will focus on the principal mechanisms of genetic, inflammatory and age-related risk that intersect in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adamantios Mamais
- Department of Neurology, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alice Kaganovich
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kirsten Harvey
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK..
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Kumar M, James MM, Kumawat M, Nabi B, Sharma P, Pal N, Shubham S, Tiwari RR, Sarma DK, Nagpal R. Aging and Microbiome in the Modulation of Vaccine Efficacy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071545. [PMID: 35884849 PMCID: PMC9313064 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
From infancy through to old age, the microbiome plays an important role in modulating the host-immune system. As we age, our immune system and our gut microbiota change significantly in composition and function, which is linked to an increased vulnerability to infectious diseases and a decrease in vaccine responses. Our microbiome remains largely stable throughout adulthood; however, aging causes a major shift in the composition and function of the gut microbiome, as well as a decrease in diversity. Considering the critical role of the gut microbiome in the host-immune system, it is important to address, prevent, and ameliorate age-related dysbiosis, which could be an effective strategy for preventing/restoring functional deficits in immune responses as we grow older. Several factors, such as the host’s genetics and nutritional state, along with the gut microbiome, can influence vaccine efficacy or reaction. Emerging evidence suggests that the microbiome could be a significant determinant of vaccine immunity. Physiological mechanisms such as senescence, or the steady loss of cellular functions, which affect the aging process and vaccination responses, have yet to be comprehended. Recent studies on several COVID-19 vaccines worldwide have provided a considerable amount of data to support the hypothesis that aging plays a crucial role in modulating COVID-19 vaccination efficacy across different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India; (M.K.); (M.M.J.); (M.K.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (R.R.T.)
| | - Meenu Mariya James
- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India; (M.K.); (M.M.J.); (M.K.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (R.R.T.)
| | - Manoj Kumawat
- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India; (M.K.); (M.M.J.); (M.K.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (R.R.T.)
| | - Bilkees Nabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad 211007, India;
| | - Poonam Sharma
- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India; (M.K.); (M.M.J.); (M.K.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (R.R.T.)
| | - Namrata Pal
- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India; (M.K.); (M.M.J.); (M.K.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (R.R.T.)
| | - Swasti Shubham
- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India; (M.K.); (M.M.J.); (M.K.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (R.R.T.)
| | - Rajnarayan R. Tiwari
- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India; (M.K.); (M.M.J.); (M.K.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (R.R.T.)
| | - Devojit Kumar Sarma
- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India; (M.K.); (M.M.J.); (M.K.); (P.S.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (R.R.T.)
- Correspondence: (D.K.S.); (R.N.)
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32302, USA
- Correspondence: (D.K.S.); (R.N.)
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Yamuna Sisupalan A, Changuli Krishna Bhat P, Soman D, Puthanmadom Venkatraramana Sharma A. A review on the concept of aging in Ayurveda literature. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 19:173-179. [PMID: 34015865 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Various aspects of aging in Ayurveda literature has been explored and correlated it with modern biological understanding. CONTENT The concept of longevity is better understood upon the baseline understanding of Aging ie. Jara. Manda Jara or Ajara is synonymous with longevity. Vriddhavastha/Jirnavastha/Jara (old age) is the period after 60 or 70 years of age. This stage of life becomes very crucial as degenerative changes occur in the body. Deterioration occurs to Dhatus, Indriya (perception power), Bala (strength), Virya (potency), Utsaha (enthusiasm), Paurusha (masculinity), Parakrama (valour), Grahana (reception), Dharana (retention), Smarana (memory), Vachana (speech). Brihatrayis and Laghutrayis were reviewed to analyze the various aspects of Ayu and Jara and correlated with research papers establishing the concept of aging in terms of evidence-based technological advancements. Databases like PubMed, Scopus were searched using keywords like Jara, Ayu Lakshana, Aging, Old age, Senescence, biomarkers, DNA, blood biochemistry, proteomics, genomics, microbiota, microbiome, androgen, estrogen, lipolysis, peripheral blood monocytes, collagen, cognitive function; with the help of Boolean operators. SUMMARY Various aspects of Jara in Ayurveda have been analyzed by taking ample references from evidence-based technological advancements related to the physiology of aging. The indicators of biological aging based on recent researches like genomic irregularities, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, altered protein expression, immunological markers, oxidative stress, pathological microbiota profile, telomere shortening in peripheral blood monocytes, lipolysis, and many other factors have been put forward for basic evidence in relation with Jara Lakshana. OUTLOOK Understanding the physiology of aging will give the insight to manage the elderly. So, the need of the hour is to develop strategies or to conduct more researches which prevent senile disorders and thus increase the health span for the future generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswathy Yamuna Sisupalan
- Department of Panchakarma, Amrita School of Ayurveda, Amritapuri, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | | | - Devipriya Soman
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Amrita School of Ayurveda, Amritapuri, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
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Clark D, Radaic A, Kapila Y. Cellular Mechanisms of Inflammaging and Periodontal Disease. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022; 3:844865. [PMID: 36540609 PMCID: PMC9762858 DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.844865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased age is associated with an increased prevalence of chronic inflammatory diseases and conditions. The term inflammaging has been used to describe the age-related changes to the immune response that results in a chronic and elevated inflammatory state that contributes, in part, to the increased prevalence of disease in older adults. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the periodontium and increases in prevalence with age. To better understand the mechanisms that drive inflammaging, a broad body of research has focused on the pathological age-related changes to key cellular regulators of the immune response. This review will focus on our current understanding of how certain immune cells (neutrophils, macrophages, T cells) change with age and how such changes contribute to inflammaging and more specifically to periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Clark
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Allan Radaic
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States
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Smoking-, Alcohol-, and Age-Related Alterations of Blood Monocyte Subsets and Circulating CD4/CD8 T Cells in Head and Neck Cancer. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050658. [PMID: 35625386 PMCID: PMC9138171 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents a heterogeneous malignant disease of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Although cigarette smoking, alcohol abuse, and aging are well-established associated factors for HNSCC, their respective influence on immunologic alterations of monocyte subsets or T-cell compositions in the peripheral blood has not yet been fully unveiled. Using flow cytometry, whole blood measurements of CD14/CD16 monocyte subsets and analyses of T-cell subsets in isolated PBMC fractions were carried out in 64 HNSCC patients in view of their tobacco and alcohol consumption, as well as their age, in comparison to healthy volunteers. Flow cytometric analysis revealed significantly increased expression of monocytic CD11b, as well as significantly decreased expression levels of CX3CR1 on classical and intermediate monocyte subsets in smoking-related and in alcohol-related HNSCC patients compared to healthy donors. Peripheral monocytes revealed an age-correlated significant decrease in PD-L1 within the entirety of the HNSCC cohort. Furthermore, we observed significantly decreased abundances of CD8+ effector memory T cells in active-smoking HNSCC patients and significantly increased percentages of CD8+ effector T cells in alcohol-abusing patients compared to the non-smoking/non-drinking patient cohort. Our data indicate an enhanced influence of smoking and alcohol abuse on the dynamics and characteristics of circulating monocyte subsets and CD4/CD8 T-cell subset proportions, as well as an age-related weakened immunosuppression in head and neck cancer patients.
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Bell MR, Kutzler MA. An old problem with new solutions: Strategies to improve vaccine efficacy in the elderly. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 183:114175. [PMID: 35202770 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is the most effective measure to protect against infections. However, with increasing age, there is a progressive decline in the ability of the immune system to both protect against infection and develop protective immunity from vaccination. This age-related decline of the immune system is due to age-related changes in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. With an aging world population and increased risk of pandemics, there is a need to continue to develop strategies to increase vaccine responses in the elderly. Here, the major age-related changes that occur in both the innate and adaptive immune responses that impair the response to vaccination in the elderly will be highlighted. Existing and future strategies to improve vaccine efficacy in the elderly will then be discussed, including adjuvants, delivery methods, and formulation. These strategies provide mechanisms to improve the efficacy of existing vaccines and develop novel vaccines for the elderly.
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Teissier T, Boulanger E, Cox LS. Interconnections between Inflammageing and Immunosenescence during Ageing. Cells 2022; 11:359. [PMID: 35159168 PMCID: PMC8834134 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute inflammation is a physiological response to injury or infection, with a cascade of steps that ultimately lead to the recruitment of immune cells to clear invading pathogens and heal wounds. However, chronic inflammation arising from the continued presence of the initial trigger, or the dysfunction of signalling and/or effector pathways, is harmful to health. While successful ageing in older adults, including centenarians, is associated with low levels of inflammation, elevated inflammation increases the risk of poor health and death. Hence inflammation has been described as one of seven pillars of ageing. Age-associated sterile, chronic, and low-grade inflammation is commonly termed inflammageing-it is not simply a consequence of increasing chronological age, but is also a marker of biological ageing, multimorbidity, and mortality risk. While inflammageing was initially thought to be caused by "continuous antigenic load and stress", reports from the last two decades describe a much more complex phenomenon also involving cellular senescence and the ageing of the immune system. In this review, we explore some of the main sources and consequences of inflammageing in the context of immunosenescence and highlight potential interventions. In particular, we assess the contribution of cellular senescence to age-associated inflammation, identify patterns of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers characteristic of inflammageing, describe alterations in the ageing immune system that lead to elevated inflammation, and finally assess the ways that diet, exercise, and pharmacological interventions can reduce inflammageing and thus, improve later life health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Teissier
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK;
| | - Eric Boulanger
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167—RID-AGE—Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Lynne S. Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK;
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Bai R, Li Z, Lv S, Wang R, Hua W, Wu H, Dai L. Persistent Inflammation and Non-AIDS Comorbidities During ART: Coming of the Age of Monocytes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:820480. [PMID: 35479083 PMCID: PMC9035604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.820480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes are innate immune cells that serve as the first line of defense against pathogens by engulfing and destroying pathogens or by processing and presenting antigens to initiate adaptive immunity and stimulate immunological responses. Monocytes are classified into three types: classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes, each of which plays a particular function in response to pathogens. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection disrupts the balance of monocyte subsets, and the quantity and function of monocytes will not fully recover even with long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART). Monocytes are vital for the establishment and maintenance of HIV-1 latent viral reservoirs and are closely related to immune dysfunction even after ART. Therefore, the present review focuses on the phenotypic function of monocytes and their functions in HIV-1 infection to elucidate their roles in HIV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruojing Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyun Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Travel Clinic, Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Dai
- Travel Clinic, Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Hiroki CH, Sarden N, Hassanabad MF, Yipp BG. Innate Receptors Expression by Lung Nociceptors: Impact on COVID-19 and Aging. Front Immunol 2021; 12:785355. [PMID: 34975876 PMCID: PMC8716370 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.785355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The lungs are constantly exposed to non-sterile air which carries harmful threats, such as particles and pathogens. Nonetheless, this organ is equipped with fast and efficient mechanisms to eliminate these threats from the airways as well as prevent pathogen invasion. The respiratory tract is densely innervated by sensory neurons, also known as nociceptors, which are responsible for the detection of external stimuli and initiation of physiological and immunological responses. Furthermore, expression of functional innate receptors by nociceptors have been reported; however, the influence of these receptors to the lung function and local immune response is poorly described. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the importance of coordinated and competent pulmonary immunity for the prevention of pathogen spread as well as prevention of excessive tissue injury. New findings suggest that lung nociceptors can be a target of SARS-CoV-2 infection; what remains unclear is whether innate receptor trigger sensory neuron activation during SARS-CoV-2 infection and what is the relevance for the outcomes. Moreover, elderly individuals often present with respiratory, neurological and immunological dysfunction. Whether aging in the context of sensory nerve function and innate receptors contributes to the disorders of these systems is currently unknown. Here we discuss the expression of innate receptors by nociceptors, particularly in the lungs, and the possible impact of their activation on pulmonary immunity. We then demonstrate recent evidence that suggests lung sensory neurons as reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2 and possible viral recognition via innate receptors. Lastly, we explore the mechanisms by which lung nociceptors might contribute to disturbance in respiratory and immunological responses during the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos H. Hiroki
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nicole Sarden
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mortaza F. Hassanabad
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bryan G. Yipp
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Visram A, Kourelis TV. Aging-associated immune system changes in multiple myeloma: The dark side of the moon. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021; 29:100494. [PMID: 34837796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a disease of the elderly. Changes that occur in the immune system with aging, also known as immunosenescence, have been associated with decreased tumor immunosurveillance and are thought to contribute to the development of MM and other cancers in the elderly. Once MM establishes itself in the bone marrow, immunosenescence related changes have been observed in the immune tumor microenvironment (iTME) and are driven by the malignant cells. The efficacy of novel immunotherapies used to treat MM has been blunted by detrimental iTME changes that occur at later disease stages and are, to some extent, driven by prior therapies. In this review, we discuss general changes that occur in the immune system with aging as well as our current knowledge of immunosenescence in MM. We discuss the differences and overlap between T cell senescence and exhaustion as well as potential methods to prevent or reverse immunosenescence. We focus predominantly on T cell immunosenescence which has been better evaluated in this disease and is more pertinent to novel MM immunotherapies. Our lack of understanding of the drivers of immunosenescence at each stage of the disease, from precursor stages to heavily pretreated MM, represents a major barrier to improving the efficacy of novel and existing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa Visram
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN United States; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taxiarchis V Kourelis
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN United States.
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37
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Forbes LH, Miron VE. Monocytes in central nervous system remyelination. Glia 2021; 70:797-807. [PMID: 34708884 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Remyelination failure with aging and progression of neurodegenerative disorders contributes to axonal dysfunction, highlighting the importance of understanding the mechanisms underpinning this process to develop regenerative therapies. Central nervous system (CNS) macrophages, encompassing both resident microglia and blood monocyte-derived cells, play a crucial role in driving successful remyelination. Although there has been a focus on the critical roles of microglia in remyelination, the specific contribution of monocyte-derived macrophages is still not fully understood. Until recently, the lack of tools enabling distinction between CNS macrophage populations has hindered our understanding of monocyte influence on remyelination. Recent advances have allowed for identification and characterization of monocyte populations in health, aging and in neurodegenerative conditions like multiple sclerosis, indicating heterogeneity of monocyte subsets impacted by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Here, we discuss the new tools enabling distinction between macrophage populations and advancements in understanding the importance of monocytes in remyelination, and reflect on the potential for therapeutic targeting of monocytes to promote remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey H Forbes
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Veronique E Miron
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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38
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D’Souza SS, Zhang Y, Bailey JT, Fung ITH, Kuentzel ML, Chittur SV, Yang Q. Type I Interferon signaling controls the accumulation and transcriptomes of monocytes in the aged lung. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13470. [PMID: 34547174 PMCID: PMC8520712 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is paradoxically associated with a deteriorated immune defense (immunosenescence) and increased basal levels of tissue inflammation (inflammaging). The lung is particularly sensitive to the effects of aging. The immune cell mechanisms underlying physiological lung aging remain poorly understood. Here we reveal that aging leads to increased interferon signaling and elevated concentrations of chemokines in the lung, which is associated with infiltration of monocytes into the lung parenchyma. scRNA‐seq identified a novel Type‐1 interferon signaling dependent monocyte subset (MO‐ifn) that upregulated IFNAR1 expression and exhibited greater transcriptomal changes with aging than the other monocytes. Blockade of type‐1 interferon signaling by treatment with anti‐IFNAR1 neutralizing antibodies rapidly ablated MO‐ifn cells. Treatment with anti‐IFNAR1 antibodies also reduced airway chemokine concentrations and repressed the accumulation of the overall monocyte population in the parenchyma of the aged lung. Together, our work suggests that physiological aging is associated with increased basal level of airway monocyte infiltration and inflammation in part due to elevated type‐1 interferon signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanti S. D’Souza
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease Albany Medical College Albany NY USA
| | - Yuanyue Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease Albany Medical College Albany NY USA
| | - Jacob T. Bailey
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease Albany Medical College Albany NY USA
| | - Ivan T. H. Fung
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease Albany Medical College Albany NY USA
| | - Marcy L. Kuentzel
- Center for Functional Genomics University at Albany‐SUNY Rensselaer NY USA
| | - Sridar V. Chittur
- Center for Functional Genomics University at Albany‐SUNY Rensselaer NY USA
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease Albany Medical College Albany NY USA
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Clark D, Kotronia E, Ramsay SE. Frailty, aging, and periodontal disease: Basic biologic considerations. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:143-156. [PMID: 34463998 PMCID: PMC8771712 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with the development of disease. Periodontal disease is one of the many diseases and conditions that increase in prevalence with age. In addition to the traditional focus on individual age-related conditions, there is now a greater recognition that multisystem conditions such as frailty play an important role in the health of older populations. Frailty is a clinical condition in older adults that increases the risk of adverse health outcomes. Both frailty and periodontal disease are common chronic conditions in older populations and share several risk factors. There is likely a bidirectional relationship between periodontal disease and frailty. Comorbid systemic diseases, poor physical functioning, and limited ability to self-care in frail older people have been implicated as underlying the association between frailty and periodontal disease. In addition, both frailty and periodontal disease also have strong associations with inflammatory dysregulation and other age-related pathophysiologic changes that may similarly underlie their development and progression. Investigating age-related changes in immune cells that regulate inflammation may lead to a better understanding of age-related disease and could lead to therapeutic targets for the improved management of frailty and periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Clark
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eftychia Kotronia
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sheena E Ramsay
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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Resveratrol as an Adjunctive Therapy for Excessive Oxidative Stress in Aging COVID-19 Patients. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091440. [PMID: 34573071 PMCID: PMC8471532 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to burden healthcare systems worldwide. COVID-19 symptoms are highly heterogeneous, and the patient may be asymptomatic or may present with mild to severe or fatal symptoms. Factors, such as age, sex, and comorbidities, are key determinants of illness severity and progression. Aging is accompanied by multiple deficiencies in interferon production by dendritic cells or macrophages in response to viral infections, resulting in dysregulation of inflammatory immune responses and excess oxidative stress. Age-related dysregulation of immune function may cause a more obvious pathophysiological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in elderly patients and may accelerate the risk of biological aging, even after recovery. For more favorable treatment outcomes, inhibiting viral replication and dampening inflammatory and oxidative responses before induction of an overt cytokine storm is crucial. Resveratrol is a potent antioxidant with antiviral activity. Herein, we describe the reasons for impaired interferon production, owing to aging, and the impact of aging on innate and adaptive immune responses to infection, which leads to inflammation distress and immunosuppression, thereby causing fulminant disease. Additionally, the molecular mechanism by which resveratrol could reverse a state of excessive basal inflammatory and oxidative stress and low antiviral immunity is discussed.
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Meta-analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data reveals phenotypic switching of immune cells in severe COVID-19 patients. Comput Biol Med 2021; 137:104792. [PMID: 34478921 PMCID: PMC8390121 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has resulted in the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite several single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) studies, conclusions cannot be reached owing to the small number of available samples and the differences in technology and tissue types used in the studies. To better understand the cellular landscape and disease severity in COVID-19, we performed a meta-analysis of publicly available single-cell RNA-seq data from peripheral blood and lung samples of COVID-19 patients with varying degrees of severity. Patients with severe disease showed increased numbers of M1 macrophages in lung tissue, while the number of M2 macrophages was depleted. Cellular profiling of the peripheral blood showed a marked increase of CD14+, CD16+ monocytes and a concomitant depletion of overall B cells and CD4+, CD8+ T cells in severe patients when compared with moderate patients. Our analysis indicates the presence of faulty innate-to-adaptive switching, marked by a prolonged innate immune response and a dysregulated adaptive immune response in severe COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, we identified cell types with a transcriptome signature that can be used as a prognostic biomarker for disease state prediction and the effective therapeutic management of COVID-19 patients.
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Belchamber KBR, Hughes MJ, Spittle DA, Walker EM, Sapey E. New Pharmacological Tools to Target Leukocyte Trafficking in Lung Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:704173. [PMID: 34367163 PMCID: PMC8334730 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.704173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection and inflammation of the lung results in the recruitment of non-resident immune cells, including neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes. This swift response should ensure clearance of the threat and resolution of stimuli which drive inflammation. However, once the threat is subdued this influx of immune cells should be followed by clearance of recruited cells through apoptosis and subsequent efferocytosis, expectoration or retrograde migration back into the circulation. This cycle of cell recruitment, containment of threat and then clearance of immune cells and repair is held in exquisite balance to limit host damage. Advanced age is often associated with detrimental changes to the balance described above. Cellular functions are altered including a reduced ability to traffic accurately towards inflammation, a reduced ability to clear pathogens and sustained inflammation. These changes, seen with age, are heightened in lung disease, and most chronic and acute lung diseases are associated with an exaggerated influx of immune cells, such as neutrophils, to the airways as well as considerable inflammation. Indeed, across many lung diseases, pathogenesis and progression has been associated with the sustained presence of trafficking cells, with examples including chronic diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and acute infections such as Pneumonia and Pneumonitis. In these instances, there is evidence that dysfunctional and sustained recruitment of cells to the airways not only increases host damage but impairs the hosts ability to effectively respond to microbial invasion. Targeting leukocyte migration in these instances, to normalise cellular responses, has therapeutic promise. In this review we discuss the current evidence to support the trafficking cell as an immunotherapeutic target in lung disease, and which potential mechanisms or pathways have shown promise in early drug trials, with a focus on the neutrophil, as the quintessential trafficking immune cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie B. R. Belchamber
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Hughes
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Daniella A. Spittle
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Eloise M. Walker
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Sapey
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- NIHR Clinical Research Facility Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Grant LR, Slack MPE, Yan Q, Trzciński K, Barratt J, Sobczyk E, Appleby J, Cané A, Jodar L, Isturiz RE, Gessner BD. The epidemiologic and biologic basis for classifying older age as a high-risk, immunocompromising condition for pneumococcal vaccine policy. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:691-705. [PMID: 34233558 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1921579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunosenescence is a normal biologic process involving deterioration of protective immune responses. Consequently, older adults experience increased risk of infectious diseases, particularly pneumonia, and its leading bacterial cause, Streptococcus pneumoniae. Pneumococcal vaccine recommendations are often limited to adults with specific medical conditions despite similar disease risks among older adults due to immunosenescence. AREAS COVERED This article reviews epidemiologic, biologic, and clinical evidence supporting the consideration of older age due to immunosenescence as an immunocompromising condition for the purpose of pneumococcal vaccine policy and the role vaccination can play in healthy aging. EXPERT OPINION Epidemiologic and biologic evidence suggest that pneumococcal disease risk increases with age and is comparable for healthy older adults and younger adults with immunocompromising conditions. Because immunocompromising conditions are already indicated for pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), a comprehensive public health strategy would also recognize immunosenescence. Moreover, older persons should be vaccinated before reaching the highest risk ages, consistent with the approach for other immunocompromising conditions. To facilitate PCV use among older adults, vaccine technical committees (VTCs) could classify older age as an immunocompromising condition based on the process of immunosenescence. With global aging, VTCs will need to consider immunosenescence and vaccine use during healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay R Grant
- Vaccines Medical Development & Scientific/Clinical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Mary P E Slack
- School of Medicine, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Australia
| | - Qi Yan
- Vaccines Medical Development & Scientific/Clinical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Krzysztof Trzciński
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina's Children Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jane Barratt
- International Federation on Ageing, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - James Appleby
- The Gerontological Society of America, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Alejandro Cané
- Vaccines Medical Development & Scientific/Clinical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Luis Jodar
- Vaccines Medical Development & Scientific/Clinical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Raul E Isturiz
- Vaccines Medical Development & Scientific/Clinical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Bradford D Gessner
- Vaccines Medical Development & Scientific/Clinical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, PA, USA
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44
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Lutshumba J, Nikolajczyk BS, Bachstetter AD. Dysregulation of Systemic Immunity in Aging and Dementia. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:652111. [PMID: 34239415 PMCID: PMC8258160 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.652111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and the tissue-resident innate immune cells, the microglia, respond and contribute to neurodegenerative pathology. Although microglia have been the focus of work linking neuroinflammation and associated dementias like Alzheimer's Disease, the inflammatory milieu of brain is a conglomerate of cross-talk amongst microglia, systemic immune cells and soluble mediators like cytokines. Age-related changes in the inflammatory profile at the levels of both the brain and periphery are largely orchestrated by immune system cells. Strong evidence indicates that both innate and adaptive immune cells, the latter including T cells and B cells, contribute to chronic neuroinflammation and thus dementia. Neurodegenerative hallmarks coupled with more traditional immune system stimuli like infection or injury likely combine to trigger and maintain persistent microglial and thus brain inflammation. This review summarizes age-related changes in immune cell function, with special emphasis on lymphocytes as a source of inflammation, and discusses how such changes may potentiate both systemic and central nervous system inflammation to culminate in dementia. We recap the understudied area of AD-associated changes in systemic lymphocytes in greater detail to provide a unifying perspective of inflammation-fueled dementia, with an eye toward evidence of two-way communication between the brain parenchyma and blood immune cells. We focused our review on human subjects studies, adding key data from animal models as relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lutshumba
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Barbara S. Nikolajczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Adam D. Bachstetter
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Munawara U, Catanzaro M, Xu W, Tan C, Hirokawa K, Bosco N, Dumoulin D, Khalil A, Larbi A, Lévesque S, Ramassamy C, Barron AE, Cunnane S, Beauregard PB, Bellenger JP, Rodrigues S, Desroches M, Witkowski JM, Laurent B, Frost EH, Fulop T. Hyperactivation of monocytes and macrophages in MCI patients contributes to the progression of Alzheimer's disease. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2021; 18:29. [PMID: 34154615 PMCID: PMC8215492 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-021-00236-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease ultimately manifesting as clinical dementia. Despite considerable effort and ample experimental data, the role of neuroinflammation related to systemic inflammation is still unsettled. While the implication of microglia is well recognized, the exact contribution of peripheral monocytes/macrophages is still largely unknown, especially concerning their role in the various stages of AD. Objectives AD develops over decades and its clinical manifestation is preceded by subjective memory complaints (SMC) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI); thus, the question arises how the peripheral innate immune response changes with the progression of the disease. Therefore, to further investigate the roles of monocytes/macrophages in the progression of AD we assessed their phenotypes and functions in patients at SMC, MCI and AD stages and compared them with cognitively healthy controls. We also conceptualised an idealised mathematical model to explain the functionality of monocytes/macrophages along the progression of the disease. Results We show that there are distinct phenotypic and functional changes in monocyte and macrophage populations as the disease progresses. Higher free radical production upon stimulation could already be observed for the monocytes of SMC patients. The most striking results show that activation of peripheral monocytes (hyperactivation) is the strongest in the MCI group, at the prodromal stage of the disease. Monocytes exhibit significantly increased chemotaxis, free radical production, and cytokine production in response to TLR2 and TLR4 stimulation. Conclusion Our data suggest that the peripheral innate immune system is activated during the progression from SMC through MCI to AD, with the highest levels of activation being in MCI subjects and the lowest in AD patients. Some of these parameters may be used as biomarkers, but more holistic immune studies are needed to find the best period of the disease for clinical intervention. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12979-021-00236-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usma Munawara
- Research Center on Aging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Michael Catanzaro
- Research Center on Aging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada.,Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Weili Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Crystal Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Katsuiku Hirokawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Institute of Health and Life Science, Tokyo Med. Dent. University, Tokyo and Nitobe Memorial Nakanosogo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nabil Bosco
- Nestlé Research, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Cell Biology, Cellular Metabolism, EPFL Innovation Park, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Dumoulin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Research Center on Aging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Anis Larbi
- Research Center on Aging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada.,Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Simon Lévesque
- Department of Microbiology and Infectiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charles Ramassamy
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé-biotechnologie, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Annelise E Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Stephen Cunnane
- Research Center on Aging, Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pascale B Beauregard
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Bellenger
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Serafim Rodrigues
- Ikerbasque, The Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain. .,Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, Mathematical, Computational and Experimental Neuroscience research group, Alameda de Mazarredo 14, 48009, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Basque-Country, Spain.
| | - Mathieu Desroches
- MathNeuro Team, Inria Sophia Antipolis Méditerranée, Valbonne, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Jacek M Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Benoit Laurent
- Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric H Frost
- Department of Microbiology and Infectiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tamas Fulop
- Research Center on Aging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada.
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Campbell RA, Docherty MH, Ferenbach DA, Mylonas KJ. The Role of Ageing and Parenchymal Senescence on Macrophage Function and Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:700790. [PMID: 34220864 PMCID: PMC8248495 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.700790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we examine senescent cells and the overlap between the direct biological impact of senescence and the indirect impact senescence has via its effects on other cell types, particularly the macrophage. The canonical roles of macrophages in cell clearance and in other physiological functions are discussed with reference to their functions in diseases of the kidney and other organs. We also explore the translational potential of different approaches based around the macrophage in future interventions to target senescent cells, with the goal of preventing or reversing pathologies driven or contributed to in part by senescent cell load in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross A. Campbell
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Helena Docherty
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Ferenbach
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Katie J. Mylonas
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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47
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Weight CM, Jochems SP, Adler H, Ferreira DM, Brown JS, Heyderman RS. Insights Into the Effects of Mucosal Epithelial and Innate Immune Dysfunction in Older People on Host Interactions With Streptococcus pneumoniae. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:651474. [PMID: 34113578 PMCID: PMC8185287 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.651474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae is common and although primarily asymptomatic, is a pre-requisite for pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Together, these kill over 500,000 people over the age of 70 years worldwide every year. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have been largely successful in reducing IPD in young children and have had considerable indirect impact in protection of older people in industrialized country settings (herd immunity). However, serotype replacement continues to threaten vulnerable populations, particularly older people in whom direct vaccine efficacy is reduced. The early control of pneumococcal colonization at the mucosal surface is mediated through a complex array of epithelial and innate immune cell interactions. Older people often display a state of chronic inflammation, which is associated with an increased mortality risk and has been termed 'Inflammageing'. In this review, we discuss the contribution of an altered microbiome, the impact of inflammageing on human epithelial and innate immunity to S. pneumoniae, and how the resulting dysregulation may affect the outcome of pneumococcal infection in older individuals. We describe the impact of the pneumococcal vaccine and highlight potential research approaches which may improve our understanding of respiratory mucosal immunity during pneumococcal colonization in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M. Weight
- Research Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon P. Jochems
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Hugh Adler
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela M. Ferreira
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy S. Brown
- Respiratory Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert S. Heyderman
- Research Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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48
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Bellomo A, Gentek R, Golub R, Bajénoff M. Macrophage-fibroblast circuits in the spleen. Immunol Rev 2021; 302:104-125. [PMID: 34028841 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are an integral part of all organs in the body, where they contribute to immune surveillance, protection, and tissue-specific homeostatic functions. This is facilitated by so-called niches composed of macrophages and their surrounding stroma. These niches structurally anchor macrophages and provide them with survival factors and tissue-specific signals that imprint their functional identity. In turn, macrophages ensure appropriate functioning of the niches they reside in. Macrophages thus form reciprocal, mutually beneficial circuits with their cellular niches. In this review, we explore how this concept applies to the spleen, a large secondary lymphoid organ whose primary functions are to filter the blood and regulate immunity. We first outline the splenic micro-anatomy, the different populations of splenic fibroblasts and macrophages and their respective contribution to protection of and key physiological processes occurring in the spleen. We then discuss firmly established and potential cellular circuits formed by splenic macrophages and fibroblasts, with an emphasis on the molecular cues underlying their crosstalk and their relevance to splenic functionality. Lastly, we conclude by considering how these macrophage-fibroblast circuits might be impaired by aging, and how understanding these changes might help identify novel therapeutic avenues with the potential of restoring splenic functions in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Bellomo
- CIRI, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Rebecca Gentek
- Centre for Inflammation Research & Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rachel Golub
- Inserm U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Lymphopoiesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marc Bajénoff
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
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49
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Palacios-Pedrero MÁ, Osterhaus ADME, Becker T, Elbahesh H, Rimmelzwaan GF, Saletti G. Aging and Options to Halt Declining Immunity to Virus Infections. Front Immunol 2021; 12:681449. [PMID: 34054872 PMCID: PMC8149791 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.681449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosenescence is a process associated with aging that leads to dysregulation of cells of innate and adaptive immunity, which may become dysfunctional. Consequently, older adults show increased severity of viral and bacterial infections and impaired responses to vaccinations. A better understanding of the process of immunosenescence will aid the development of novel strategies to boost the immune system in older adults. In this review, we focus on major alterations of the immune system triggered by aging, and address the effect of chronic viral infections, effectiveness of vaccination of older adults and strategies to improve immune function in this vulnerable age group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Albert D M E Osterhaus
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tanja Becker
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Husni Elbahesh
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Guus F Rimmelzwaan
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Giulietta Saletti
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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50
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Dobbs KR, Embury P, Koech E, Ogolla S, Munga S, Kazura JW, Dent AE. Age-related differences in monocyte DNA methylation and immune function in healthy Kenyan adults and children. Immun Ageing 2021; 18:11. [PMID: 33685492 PMCID: PMC7938546 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-021-00223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related changes in adaptive and innate immune cells have been associated with a decline in effective immunity and chronic, low-grade inflammation. Epigenetic, transcriptional, and functional changes in monocytes occur with aging, though most studies to date have focused on differences between young adults and the elderly in populations with European ancestry; few data exist regarding changes that occur in circulating monocytes during the first few decades of life or in African populations. We analyzed DNA methylation profiles, cytokine production, and inflammatory gene expression profiles in monocytes from young adults and children from western Kenya. RESULTS We identified several hypo- and hyper-methylated CpG sites in monocytes from Kenyan young adults vs. children that replicated findings in the current literature of differential DNA methylation in monocytes from elderly persons vs. young adults across diverse populations. Differentially methylated CpG sites were also noted in gene regions important to inflammation and innate immune responses. Monocytes from Kenyan young adults vs. children displayed increased production of IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12p70 in response to TLR4 and TLR2/1 stimulation as well as distinct inflammatory gene expression profiles. CONCLUSIONS These findings complement previous reports of age-related methylation changes in isolated monocytes and provide novel insights into the role of age-associated changes in innate immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Dobbs
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue LC: 4983, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Paula Embury
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue LC: 4983, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Emmily Koech
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Sidney Ogolla
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Stephen Munga
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - James W Kazura
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue LC: 4983, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Arlene E Dent
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue LC: 4983, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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