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Hepatitis B, C and human immunodeficiency virus knowledge among the general greek population: results from the Hprolipsis nationwide survey. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2026. [PMCID: PMC9637311 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Although several studies on hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been conducted in Greece, little is known on the knowledge level of the Greek population towards these three infections. Our aim was to assess the knowledge level of the adult Greek general population about the HBV, HCV and HIV.
Methods
Data were derived from the first general population health survey, Hprolipsis. The sample was selected by multistage stratified random sampling. A standardized questionnaire was administered by trained interviewers during home visits. A knowledge score was constructed based on responses to 17 per infection selected items and categorized in three levels; high (12–17 correct replies) medium (6–11) and low (0–5). Among 8,341 eligible individuals, 6,006 were recruited (response rate: 72%) and 5,878 adults (≥ 18 years) were included in the analysis. The statistical analysis accounted for the study design.
Results
Only 30.4%, 21.6%, and 29.6% of the participants had a high overall knowledge level of HBV, HCV and HIV, respectively. These low percentages were mainly attributed to the high levels of misconception about transmission modes (65.9%, 67.2%, and 67.9%, respectively). Results showed that increasing age and living out of the big metropolitan cities were associated with decreased odds of having higher knowledge. Female gender, higher education level, higher monthly family income, higher medical risk score, history of testing and being born in Greece or Cyprus, were associated with increased odds of having higher knowledge.
Conclusions
There are significant knowledge gaps in the Greek general population regarding modes of transmission, preventive measures and treatment availability for HBV, HCV and HIV. There is an urgent need for large scale but also localized awareness activities targeted to less privileged populations, to fill the gaps in knowledge and increase population engagement in preventive measures.
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Althobaiti SO, Alhumaidi GO, Alwagdani WM, Almarwani KM, Altowairqi BS, Alhaddad MS, Abdelwahab SF. Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Saudi Residents Regarding Hepatitis E Virus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 106:626-631. [PMID: 34781257 PMCID: PMC8832907 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Global data, including those from Saudi Arabia, that examined public knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward hepatitis E virus (HEV) are limited. This study examined KAP levels of the general population in Saudi Arabia toward HEV. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 768 participants. An Arabic electronic questionnaire that contained demographic data and had 35 questions was used to measure KAP of the participants concerning HEV. Collected data were analyzed at a significance level of 0.05. A total of 768 individuals participated in the study, of whom 16.3% (N = 125) were males and 83.7% (N = 643) were females. Study subjects were 18 years and above. Most of the participants were Saudi citizens (95.6%; N = 734), and from Western Saudi Arabia (76.4%; N = 587). Thirty-four percent (N = 261) of the participants had not heard of HEV, and 48% were aware that yellowish skin or eyes are the most important sign of hepatitis. The level of participants' knowledge about HEV was low (39.5%). However, positive attitudes and practices were apparent and tended to aim at how to avoid becoming infected with HEV. In conclusion, the level of HEV-related knowledge among the participants was low, and their practices and attitudes were aimed at avoiding HEV infection. Awareness campaigns are required to increase the public's HEV-related knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaima O. Althobaiti
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaida O. Alhumaidi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Waad M. Alwagdani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kawther M. Almarwani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Batool S. Altowairqi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sayed F. Abdelwahab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Address correspondence to Sayed F. Abdelwahab, Professor of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
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Samara KA, Barqawi HJ, Aboelsoud BH, AlZaabi MA, Alraddawi FT, Mannaa AA. Hepatitis A virus knowledge and immunization attitudes and practices in the United Arab Emirates community. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2651. [PMID: 33514776 PMCID: PMC7846788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80089-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Annually, 1.5 million cases of hepatitis A infection occur worldwide. The United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) has seen a decrease in infection rates and seroprevalence coupled with an increase in the average age of infection. This study aimed to assess the U.A.E. society's hepatitis A knowledge, and attitudes and vaccination practices, with the applicability of its introduction into the local immunization schedule. A self-administered, 50-item questionnaire was used to collect data from the four most populous cities in the U.A.E., between January and March 2020. A total of 458 responses were collected and analysed using IBM-SPSS-26, R-4.0.0 and Matplotlib-v3.2.1. Females had better attitudes (P = 0.036), practices (P < 0.0005), immunization schedule knowledge (AOR = 3.019; CI 1.482-6.678), and appreciation of the immunization schedule (AOR = 2.141; CI 1.310-3.499). A higher level of perceived knowledge was associated with an actual better knowledge (P < 0.0005), better practices (P = 0.011), and increased willingness to get vaccinated (AOR = 1.988; CI 1.032-3.828). Respondents were more likely to vaccinate their children against HAV if the vaccine were introduced into the National Immunization Program (P < 0.0005). Overall, disease knowledge was lacking but with positive attitudes and poor practices. There is high trust in the National Immunization Program and a potential for improving poor practices through local awareness campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel A Samara
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hiba J Barqawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Basant H Aboelsoud
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moza A AlZaabi
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fay T Alraddawi
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayten A Mannaa
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Dicle M, Gorpelioglu S, Aypak C. Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior Levels of University Students About Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C. EURASIAN JOURNAL OF FAMILY MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.33880/ejfm.2019080401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to reveal the knowledge, attitude and behaviors of the university students about Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C.
Methods: This study was done among 1048 students from different faculties of five different universities in Ankara, was carried out between October 2012 and July 2013. A questionnaire was prepared by the authors by rewieving the literature and the participants were asked to fill this questionnaire. Knowledge level of participants was scored from 1 to 5 out of 100 according to the answers given about Hepatitis A, B and C.
Results: When the average points of knowledge about hepatitis A, B and C is considered, it is seen that the knowledge points of males according to females and the knowledge points of the students who study in medical faculties according to the other faculties are higher. Participants were found to have a risky attitude with respect to the spread of Hepatitis A, B and C infections. While males had more risky behaviors, it was seen that there was no significant difference between the students of medical faculties according to other faculties.
Conclusion: Despite advances in technology and health, Hepatitis A, B and C infections continue to be an important public health problem today. This study showed that even university students, whose education and intellectual levels are considered to be high according to society, have low level of knowledge about viral hepatitis and exhibit risky attitudes and behaviors, necessity of individual and social education. The most effective way to protect against these diseases is to increase the knowledge and awareness levels of the society and prevent the transmission of these diseases.
Keywords: hepatitis, knowledge, attitude, behavior, vaccines
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Dicle
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Health Sciences Dışkapı Training and Research Hospital
| | - Suleyman Gorpelioglu
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Health Sciences Dışkapı Training and Research Hospital
| | - Cenk Aypak
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Health Sciences Dışkapı Training and Research Hospital
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Bentouhami MR, Chakib A, El Fane M. Hepatitis B knowledge, attitudes and practices among Moroccan college students. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2019; 67:397-402. [PMID: 31561941 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral Hepatitis B (HBV) prevalence in Morocco is estimated at 1.81%. University students are an exposed population due to their risky behaviors. Their knowledge about HBV is still unknown. The aim of our study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of college students in Casablanca about HBV. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in January 2015 among the students of the eight schools of Hassan II University in Casablanca using a self-administered questionnaire. A knowledge score was calculated to compare the groups with sufficient and insufficient knowledge. A logistic regression adjusted on gender was performed to explore the factors associated with a sufficient knowledge about HBV (P<0.05). RESULTS The response rate was 90.2% (n=652). The median age was 21 years old. From our sample, 97.5% knew the existence of "hepatitis". The main means of information were media and relatives. The most known way of infection was blood transmission (50.3%) while 11.5% believed in the effectiveness of the traditional methods of treatment. Eating with an HBV infected person was thought to be a risky behavior for 38% of the students. A knowledge level that was deemed to be sufficient was scored by 31.1% of the students. The sufficient knowledge was correlated to being a health care student, being vaccinated and being married. CONCLUSION Casablanca's student knowledge about HBV remains limited. We believe that improvements in awareness and access to immunization are needed. These measures would likely help decreasing HBV incidence in students and ensure a better social integration of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Bentouhami
- Department of infectious diseases, Ibn Rochd Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - A Chakib
- Department of infectious diseases, Ibn Rochd Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - M El Fane
- Department of infectious diseases, Ibn Rochd Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
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Mukherjee TI, Pillai V, Ali SH, Altice FL, Kamarulzaman A, Wickersham JA. Evaluation of a hepatitis C education intervention with clients enrolled in methadone maintenance and needle/syringe programs in Malaysia. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2017; 47:144-152. [PMID: 28652072 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 40%-90% of people who inject drugs (PWID) in Malaysia have hepatitis C (HCV). PWID continue to be disproportionately affected by HCV due to their lack of knowledge, perceived risk and interest in HCV treatment. Education interventions may be an effective strategy for increasing HCV knowledge in PWID, and harm reduction services are uniquely positioned to implement and deploy such interventions. METHODS We recruited 176 clients from methadone maintenance treatment (MMT: N=110) and needle/syringe programs (NSP: N=66) between November 2015 and August 2016. After baseline knowledge assessments, clients participated in a standardized, 45-min HCV education program and completed post-intervention knowledge assessments to measure change in knowledge and treatment interest. RESULTS Participants were mostly male (96.3%), Malay (94.9%), and in their early 40s (mean=42.6years). Following the intervention, overall knowledge scores and treatment interest in MMT clients increased by 68% and 16%, respectively (p<0.001). In contrast, NSP clients showed no significant improvement in overall knowledge or treatment interest, and perceived greater treatment barriers. Multivariate linear regression to assess correlates of HCV knowledge post-intervention revealed that optimal dosage of MMT and having had an HIV test in the past year significantly increased HCV knowledge. Having received a hepatitis B vaccine, however, was not associated with increased HCV knowledge after participating in an education session. CONCLUSION Generally, HCV knowledge and screening is low among clients engaged in MMT and NSP services in Malaysia. Integrating a brief, but comprehensive HCV education session within harm reduction services may be a low-cost and effective strategy in improving overall HCV knowledge and risk behaviors in resource-limited settings. In order to be an effective public health approach, however, education interventions must be paired with strategies that improve social, economic and political outcomes for PWID. Doing so may reduce HCV disparities by increasing screening and treatment interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trena I Mukherjee
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, AIDS Program, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Veena Pillai
- Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hafizah Ali
- Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Frederick L Altice
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, AIDS Program, New Haven, CT, USA; Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Yale University School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, CT, USA
| | - Adeeba Kamarulzaman
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, AIDS Program, New Haven, CT, USA; Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jeffrey A Wickersham
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, AIDS Program, New Haven, CT, USA; Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Jeon JH. Evaluation of a smartphone application for self-care performance of patients with chronic hepatitis B: A randomized controlled trial. Appl Nurs Res 2016; 32:182-189. [PMID: 27969026 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To verify the usefulness of a smartphone application (App) for facilitating self-care in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). BACKGROUND CHB is a global health problem, and patients with CHB need to routinely perform self-care. Health-related smartphone apps could help users self-manage their disease. METHODS Fifty-three CHB patients were assessed in this randomized controlled before-and-after experimental study. The patients were randomly and equally assigned to groups that did (n=26) or did not (n=27) use the smartphone app for 12weeks. The experimental and control groups were analyzed for differences in disease knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-care before and after use of the smartphone app. RESULTS After intervention, patients who used the app displayed significantly increased disease knowledge compared with the control group (p=.015). Self-efficacy and self-care also significantly increased in the experimental group (p=0.006 and 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION The smartphone app can be useful for increasing self-care in CHB patients. ABBREVIATIONS App: application, CHB: chronic hepatitis B, CVI: content validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hee Jeon
- Department of Nursing, Semyung University, Jecheon, Chungbuk 390-711, Republic of Korea.
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Winn JL, Francis EM, Shealy SE, Levarge M, Paton S, Planner A, Kelly K, Gonzales-Nolas C. Accelerated Hepatitis A and B Immunization in a Substance Abuse Treatment Program. Fed Pract 2015; 32:38-43. [PMID: 30766082 PMCID: PMC6363320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An accelerated dosing program for hepatitis A and B vaccination among veterans receiving treatment for addictive disorders was successfully implemented, although many veterans with hepatitis C did not complete the immunization series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime L Winn
- is a clinical psychologist, is an attending psychiatrist, is a clinical psychologist, is a retired licensed practical nurse, is a retired registered nurse, is a retired registered nurse, and is an attending psychiatrist, all at the James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital in Tampa, Florida. is an advanced registered nurse practitioner at American Lake Division of the VA Puget Sound Healthcare System in Lakewood, Washington. Dr. Winn is an assistant professor, Dr. Francis is an associate professor, Dr. Shealy is an assistant professor, and Dr. Gonzales-Nolas is an assistant professor, all at the University of South Florida in Tampa
| | - Elie M Francis
- is a clinical psychologist, is an attending psychiatrist, is a clinical psychologist, is a retired licensed practical nurse, is a retired registered nurse, is a retired registered nurse, and is an attending psychiatrist, all at the James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital in Tampa, Florida. is an advanced registered nurse practitioner at American Lake Division of the VA Puget Sound Healthcare System in Lakewood, Washington. Dr. Winn is an assistant professor, Dr. Francis is an associate professor, Dr. Shealy is an assistant professor, and Dr. Gonzales-Nolas is an assistant professor, all at the University of South Florida in Tampa
| | - Suzanne E Shealy
- is a clinical psychologist, is an attending psychiatrist, is a clinical psychologist, is a retired licensed practical nurse, is a retired registered nurse, is a retired registered nurse, and is an attending psychiatrist, all at the James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital in Tampa, Florida. is an advanced registered nurse practitioner at American Lake Division of the VA Puget Sound Healthcare System in Lakewood, Washington. Dr. Winn is an assistant professor, Dr. Francis is an associate professor, Dr. Shealy is an assistant professor, and Dr. Gonzales-Nolas is an assistant professor, all at the University of South Florida in Tampa
| | - Michelle Levarge
- is a clinical psychologist, is an attending psychiatrist, is a clinical psychologist, is a retired licensed practical nurse, is a retired registered nurse, is a retired registered nurse, and is an attending psychiatrist, all at the James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital in Tampa, Florida. is an advanced registered nurse practitioner at American Lake Division of the VA Puget Sound Healthcare System in Lakewood, Washington. Dr. Winn is an assistant professor, Dr. Francis is an associate professor, Dr. Shealy is an assistant professor, and Dr. Gonzales-Nolas is an assistant professor, all at the University of South Florida in Tampa
| | - Stephanie Paton
- is a clinical psychologist, is an attending psychiatrist, is a clinical psychologist, is a retired licensed practical nurse, is a retired registered nurse, is a retired registered nurse, and is an attending psychiatrist, all at the James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital in Tampa, Florida. is an advanced registered nurse practitioner at American Lake Division of the VA Puget Sound Healthcare System in Lakewood, Washington. Dr. Winn is an assistant professor, Dr. Francis is an associate professor, Dr. Shealy is an assistant professor, and Dr. Gonzales-Nolas is an assistant professor, all at the University of South Florida in Tampa
| | - Anne Planner
- is a clinical psychologist, is an attending psychiatrist, is a clinical psychologist, is a retired licensed practical nurse, is a retired registered nurse, is a retired registered nurse, and is an attending psychiatrist, all at the James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital in Tampa, Florida. is an advanced registered nurse practitioner at American Lake Division of the VA Puget Sound Healthcare System in Lakewood, Washington. Dr. Winn is an assistant professor, Dr. Francis is an associate professor, Dr. Shealy is an assistant professor, and Dr. Gonzales-Nolas is an assistant professor, all at the University of South Florida in Tampa
| | - Karen Kelly
- is a clinical psychologist, is an attending psychiatrist, is a clinical psychologist, is a retired licensed practical nurse, is a retired registered nurse, is a retired registered nurse, and is an attending psychiatrist, all at the James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital in Tampa, Florida. is an advanced registered nurse practitioner at American Lake Division of the VA Puget Sound Healthcare System in Lakewood, Washington. Dr. Winn is an assistant professor, Dr. Francis is an associate professor, Dr. Shealy is an assistant professor, and Dr. Gonzales-Nolas is an assistant professor, all at the University of South Florida in Tampa
| | - Cheryl Gonzales-Nolas
- is a clinical psychologist, is an attending psychiatrist, is a clinical psychologist, is a retired licensed practical nurse, is a retired registered nurse, is a retired registered nurse, and is an attending psychiatrist, all at the James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital in Tampa, Florida. is an advanced registered nurse practitioner at American Lake Division of the VA Puget Sound Healthcare System in Lakewood, Washington. Dr. Winn is an assistant professor, Dr. Francis is an associate professor, Dr. Shealy is an assistant professor, and Dr. Gonzales-Nolas is an assistant professor, all at the University of South Florida in Tampa
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Marshall AD, Micallef M, Erratt A, Telenta J, Treloar C, Everingham H, Jones SC, Bath N, How-Chow D, Byrne J, Harvey P, Dunlop A, Jauncey M, Read P, Collie T, Dore GJ, Grebely J. Liver disease knowledge and acceptability of non-invasive liver fibrosis assessment among people who inject drugs in the drug and alcohol setting: The LiveRLife Study. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2015; 26:984-91. [PMID: 26256938 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with baseline knowledge of HCV and liver disease, acceptability of transient elastography (TE) assessment (FibroScan(®)), and willingness and intent to receive HCV treatment among persons with a history of injection drug use participating in a liver health promotion campaign. METHODS The LiveRLife campaign involved three phases: (1) campaign resource development; (2) campaign resource testing; and (3) campaign implementation. Participants were enrolled in an observational cohort study with recruitment at four clinics - one primary health care facility, two OST clinics, and one medically supervised injecting centre - in Australia between May and October 2014. Participants received educational material, nurse clinical assessment, TE assessment, dried blood spot testing, and completed a knowledge survey. RESULTS Of 253 participants (mean age 43 years), 68% were male, 71% had injected in the past month, and 75% self-reported as HCV positive. Median knowledge score was 16/23. In adjusted analysis, less than daily injection (AOR 5.01; 95% CI, 2.64-9.51) and no daily injection in the past month (AOR 3.54; 95% CI, 1.80-6.94) were associated with high knowledge (≥16). TE was the most preferred method both pre- (66%) and post-TE (89%) compared to liver biopsy and blood sample. Eighty-eight percent were 'definitely willing' or 'somewhat willing' to receive HCV treatment, and 56% intended to start treatment in the next 12 months. Approximately 68% had no/mild fibrosis (F0/F1, ≥2.5 to ≤7.4kPa), 13% moderate fibrosis (F2, ≥7.5 to ≤9.4kPa), 10% severe fibrosis (F3, ≥9.5 to ≤12.4kPa), and 9% had cirrhosis (F4, ≥12.5kPa). CONCLUSION Liver disease and HCV knowledge was moderate. High acceptability of TE by PWID provides strong evidence for the inclusion of TE in HCV-related care, and could help to prioritise HCV treatment for those at greatest risk of liver disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Marshall
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, NSW, Australia.
| | - M Micallef
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, NSW, Australia
| | - A Erratt
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, NSW, Australia
| | - J Telenta
- Centre for Health and Social Research, Australian Catholic University, VIC, Australia
| | - C Treloar
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Australia, NSW, Australia
| | - H Everingham
- NSW Users and AIDS Association, Inc., NSW, Australia
| | - S C Jones
- Centre for Health and Social Research, Australian Catholic University, VIC, Australia
| | - N Bath
- NSW Users and AIDS Association, Inc., NSW, Australia
| | - D How-Chow
- St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - J Byrne
- Australian Injecting and Illicit Drug Users League, ACT, Australia
| | | | - A Dunlop
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Drug and Alcohol Clinical Services, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - M Jauncey
- Australian Injecting and Illicit Drug Users League, ACT, Australia
| | - P Read
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, NSW, Australia; Kirketon Road Centre, NSW, Australia
| | - T Collie
- Coffs Harbour Drug and Alcohol Service, NSW, Australia
| | - G J Dore
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, NSW, Australia
| | - J Grebely
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, NSW, Australia
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Park S, Choi JS. Predictors of hepatitis A vaccine coverage among university students in Korea. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2015; 13:75-82. [PMID: 26104024 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the status of hepatitis A vaccination, knowledge, and health beliefs among university students in Korea and identify factors influencing their hepatitis A vaccination rate. METHODS A self-reporting survey was conducted with 367 university students in Korea via descriptive survey. Data were collected on demographics, status of hepatitis A vaccination, knowledge, and health beliefs. RESULTS The hepatitis A vaccination rate was 23.4%. The hepatitis A vaccination rate was significantly higher in those who had a general awareness about the hepatitis A (odds ratio [OR] = 3.56, P = 0.003), those with some overseas travel experience (OR = 2.64, P = 0.025), those perceiving the benefits of hepatitis A vaccination (OR = 1.66, P = 0.023), and those perceiving barriers (inversed) to hepatitis A vaccination (OR = 1.95, P = 0.011). CONCLUSION To promote hepatitis A vaccination among university students, information and education should be provided to improve their health beliefs. In addition, this demographic should be a major target population for hepatitis A vaccination. This study's results suggest that the development of national promotional campaigns and hepatitis A vaccination programs based on predictors of the vaccination rate are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungmi Park
- Department of Nursing, Hoseo University, Chungnam, Korea
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Hepatitis and liver disease knowledge and preventive practices among health workers in Mexico: a cross-sectional study. Int J Public Health 2013; 59:381-94. [PMID: 24097058 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-013-0515-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the knowledge and preventive practices regarding hepatitis and liver disease among a sample of participants in the Mexican Health Worker Cohort Study. METHODS The study population consisted of 892 participants from Cuernavaca, Mexico. Demographic characteristics, knowledge about hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and liver disease in general, as well as information about prevention practices were obtained from self-reported questionnaires. Participants were grouped into categories that were created using information about their professional background and patient contact status. Knowledge and prevention practices were compared within these categories. RESULTS Inadequate levels of knowledge and preventive practices were found, even within the more highly educated group. Nearly 57 % of the participants had inadequate knowledge about liver disease in general, while 76 and 79 % had inadequate knowledge about Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV), respectively. For general liver disease, the mean knowledge score increased significantly with education, history of HCV screening, and low alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Health workers should be better educated about hepatitis and liver disease so they can reduce their own risk and share their knowledge of how to prevent liver disease with patients.
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Colón-López V, Soto-Salgado M, Rodríguez-Díaz C, Suárez EL, Pérez CM. Addressing Health Disparities among Men: Demographic, Behavioral and Clinical Characteristics of Men who have Sex with Men Living in Puerto Rico. SEXUALITY RESEARCH & SOCIAL POLICY : JOURNAL OF NSRC : SR & SP 2013; 10:10.1007/s13178-013-0130-9. [PMID: 24288521 PMCID: PMC3839854 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-013-0130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics associated with HIV among Men who have sex with Men (MSM) and men who have sex with women (MSW) in Puerto Rico. Data from a population-based cross-sectional study in PR (2005-2008) was analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study sample and bivariate analyses were performed to identify differences of sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics between MSM and MSW. Exact logistic regression models adjusting for age were constructed for each risk behavior associated to MSM in bivariate analysis. Of the 674 men interviewed, 6.1% (n=41) reported ever having sex with men. Age-adjusted logistic regression models indicated that MSM were significantly more likely than MSW to have first sexual intercourse before the age of 15 (POR=2.6; 95%CI= 1.3, 5.3) and have at least 10 lifetime sex partners (POR=2.8; 95%CI= 1.4,5.9). Also, MSM were significantly more likely to report lifetime use of marihuana (POR=2.7; 95%CI= 1.3,5.8), cocaine (POR=2.5; 95%CI= 1.2,5.0), amphetamines (POR=3.8; 95%CI= 1.4,9.2) and sedatives or tranquilizers (POR=3.3; 95%CI= 1.4,7.2). Also, MSM were 13 times more likely to be HIV seropositive as compared to MSW (POR=13.3; 95%CI=1.7,102.0). In this population-based sample of men living in Puerto Rico, self-reported same-sex behavior is strongly associated with HIV, and other behavioral factors associated with HIV. Future targeted research is still necessary for the development of intervention programs among MSM in Puerto Rico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Colón-López
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR
- Department of Health Services Administration, Graduate School of Public Health
| | - Marievelisse Soto-Salgado
- UPR/MDACC Partnership in Excellence in Cancer Research Program, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR
- Department of Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Díaz
- Department of Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico
| | - Erick L. Suárez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR
| | - Cynthia M. Pérez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR
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Colón-López V, Ortiz AP, Del Toro-Mejías LM, García H, Clatts MC, Palefsky J. Awareness and knowledge of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among high-risk men of Hispanic origin attending a sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic. BMC Infect Dis 2012; 12:346. [PMID: 23231727 PMCID: PMC3529119 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-12-346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genital Human papilloma virus (HPV) is one of the most commonly diagnosed Sexually Transmitted Infection (STIs) in men and women. Knowledge about HPV infection among men is limited. This study aims to determine correlates of adequate knowledge of HPV infection among men who attend an STI clinic in Puerto Rico. Methods A cross-sectional study of 206 men was conducted at an STI clinic in San Juan, PR. Adequate knowledge was defined as a score of at least 70% of correct responses among those men who reported having ever heard of HPV. Variables that achieved statistical significance in the bivariate analysis (p<0.05) were included in the multivariate logistic regression model. Results Although 52.5% of men reported having heard of HPV infection before the survey, only 29.3% of this sub-group had an adequate knowledge of HPV. Most men did not know that HPV is a risk factor for anal (38.7%), penile (50.0%) and oral (72.6%) cancer. Factors associated with adequate knowledge of HPV in age-adjusted models were being men who have sex with men (MSM) (OR=2.6;95%CI=1.1-6.1), self-report of genital warts (OR=3.2;95%CI=1.3-7.9) and herpes (OR=7.4;95% CI=2.2-25.1). MSM was marginally associated with adequate knowledge (OR=2.3;95% CI=0.9-5.9) and self-report of herpes remained significantly associated (OR=5.0;95%CI=1.3-18.4) in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusions Awareness and knowledge of HPV was very low in this group of men. Interventions to increase knowledge and awareness in this group are necessary to promote preventive practices for HPV-related cancers in high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Colón-López
- Department of Health Services Administration, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936-5067.
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Flores YN, Lang CM, Salmerón J, Bastani R. Risk factors for liver disease and associated knowledge and practices among Mexican adults in the US and Mexico. J Community Health 2012; 37:403-11. [PMID: 21877109 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-011-9457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Latinos in the US are disproportionately affected by chronic liver disease, which is the sixth most common cause of death among this group. In Mexico, cirrhosis and other liver diseases are the fourth leading cause of general mortality. The objective of this study was to contrast the liver disease risk factors, knowledge, and prevention practices reported among separate samples of Mexicans living in Los Angeles, CA and in Cuernavaca, Mexico. We assessed the prevalence of specific risk factors (body mass index, waist circumference, and alcohol consumption), the level of knowledge about liver disease in general, hepatitis B (HBV), and hepatitis C (HCV), as well as prevention activities such as screening and vaccination. Data were collected from in-person interviews and anthropometric measures obtained from Mexican adults aged 18-70 years. Chi-square and t tests were used to compare the results between groups. Numerous similarities were observed in the bi-national samples, including high prevalence of obesity, abdominal obesity, and high levels of alcohol consumption. Most participants in both countries recognized that excessive alcohol consumption is a risk factor for liver disease, but only 60% correctly identified hepatitis C, being overweight or obese, or having diabetes as risk factors. Few participants reported having been screened for HBV or HCV, vaccinated for HBV, or having the intention of getting screened for HBV or HCV. US participants reported significantly higher levels of prevention activities and screening intentions than those in Mexico. Identifying the specific risk factors, levels of knowledge and prevention activities that affect specific racial/ethnic populations is important in order to effectively target efforts to prevent liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne N Flores
- School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 650 Charles Young Drive South, A2-125 CHS, Box 956900, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6900, USA.
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Hopwood M, Brener L, Wilson H. Vaccine, transmission and treatment: An exploratory study of viral hepatitis knowledge among attendees of a metropolitan Australian university. DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY 2012. [DOI: 10.3109/09687637.2012.675530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ortiz AP, Soto-Salgado M, Suárez E, Santos-Ortiz MDC, Tortolero-Luna G, Pérez CM. Sexual behaviors among adults in Puerto Rico: a population-based study. J Sex Med 2011; 8:2439-49. [PMID: 21676177 PMCID: PMC3474935 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02329.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Given changes in sexual behaviors and norms in the United States, there is a need for current and representative data on sexual behaviors with particular interest in gender, age, and racial/ethnic group differences. AIM Given the limited data for Hispanics and for Puerto Rico (PR), we described patterns of sexual behaviors and characteristics among a sexually active sample (n=1,575) of adults aged 21-64 years in PR. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome measures for this study are sexual behaviors including age at sexual initiation, number of sexual partners, vaginal and anal intercourse, and oral sex, among others. METHODS Data from a population-based cross-sectional study in PR (2005-2008) was analyzed. The prevalence of sexual behaviors and characteristics was described by age-group and gender during the lifetime and in the past 12 months. RESULTS Overall, 96.8%, 81.6%, and 60.9% of participants had ever engaged in vaginal, oral and anal sex, respectively, whereas 23.7% were seropositive to any of the sexually transmitted infections under study. Sexual initiation≤15 years was reported by 37.8% of men and 21.4% of women; whereas 47.9% of men and 13.2% of women reported to have had ≥7 sexual partners in their lifetime. Approximately, 3% of women and 6% of men reported same-sex sexual practices, while history of forced sexual relations was reported by 9.6% of women and 2.5% of men. Sexual initiation≤15 years was more common among individuals aged 21-34 years (41.4% men and 33.6% women) as compared with older cohorts. Although having had ≥7 sexual partners over a lifetime among men was similar across age groups, this behavior decreased in older women cohorts. In both genders, the prevalence of oral and anal sex was also lower in the older age cohorts. CONCLUSION This study provides essential information that can help health professionals understand the sexual practices and needs of the population of PR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patricia Ortiz
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Marievelisse Soto-Salgado
- UPR/MDACC Partnership in Excellence in Cancer Research Program, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Erick Suárez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - María del Carmen Santos-Ortiz
- Department of Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Guillermo Tortolero-Luna
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Cynthia M. Pérez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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