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The Effectiveness of Nutritional Education Interventions on Dietary Intake in Young Black Males: A Near-Empty Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112264. [PMID: 35684062 PMCID: PMC9182654 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of several diet and lifestyle-related diseases, previously seen only in adults, is increasing in prevalence in young people. The Black population, and particularly Black males, are at high risk of developing lifestyle-related diseases. Adolescence and young adulthood are considered a transitional period with increasing independence and responsibility, along with the development of lifelong lifestyle habits. This systematic review aimed to establish which methods and approaches to nutritional education interventions are the most effective in improving the nutritional/dietary intake in healthy young Black males. Eligibility criteria were designed using PICOS and included controlled trials of nutrition education interventions designed to improve dietary intake in healthy young Black or mixed-race males aged 14–21 years old. Medline, Cinahl and Scopus were searched in April 2021, resulting in 20,375 records being screened, and subsequently 72 full-text articles were reviewed. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. One study met the eligibility criteria. Results are presented in a narrative format as meta-analysis was not possible. This systematic review revealed a lack of evidence on the effectiveness of nutritional education interventions in this high-risk population. Limitations are noted and recommendations have been made.
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Wallace DD, Han B, Cohen DA, Derose KP. The Effects of Park-Based Interventions on Health-Related Outcomes Among Youth: A Systematic Review. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:1029-1044. [PMID: 35343240 PMCID: PMC9197949 DOI: 10.1177/08901171221077812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study is to present a comprehensive systematic review of the effects of park-based interventions on health outcomes among youth, defined as children and adolescents. DATA SOURCE Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases searched through November 2020. STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA Interventions conducted in publicly accessible parks that evaluated health outcomes (i.e., physical, mental, and emotional); focused on children and adolescents (up to 18 years old, or up to 22 years old for individuals with developmental needs); and was published in English, Spanish, and Chinese. DATA EXTRACTION Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the quality of the 15 included studies using the Guide to Community Preventive Services tool. DATA SYNTHESIS Descriptive summary of study characteristics and summarized methodological quality of the studies. RESULTS Twelve studies were person-based interventions involving the evaluation of health outcome changes in cohorts, and the remaining studies were park-based, focused on changing the park environment and observing changes in youth participation in parks. All identified interventions were positively associated with individual-level and park-level outcomes ranging from body weight, moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity, park utilization, and health behavior knowledge. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review demonstrated that parks as sites of interventions can provide an environment that promotes health and wellbeing for youth. Nevertheless, the number of relevant studies were limited, thus it is important to leverage and expand on existing knowledge of the utility of parks as sites of intervention to address health concerns at this critical juncture of the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshira D Wallace
- Department of Health Behavior, 41474UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bing Han
- 166700RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.,Department of Research and Evaluation, 6152Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Deborah A Cohen
- 166700RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.,Department of Research and Evaluation, 6152Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn P Derose
- 166700RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.,Department of Health Promotion & Policy, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, 14707University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
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Adhikari B, Delgado-Ron JA, Van den Bosch M, Dummer T, Hong A, Sandhu J, Demlow E, Hu Y, Frank LD. Community design and hypertension: Walkability and park access relationships with cardiovascular health. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021; 237:113820. [PMID: 34365293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increased literature focusing on the role of the built and natural environments in preventing hypertension. However, very few studies have quantitively analyzed specific pathways through which urban form affects blood pressure levels. OBJECTIVES To examine how features of the built and natural environments relate to hypertension and the mediating role of transportation and leisure walking and body mass index in this relationship. METHODS We examined the association between neighbourhood walkability and park availability with hypertension through generalized linear models in two independent population cohorts. One Cohort was 22,418 adults (My Health My Community) and the other cohort was 11,972 adults (BC Generations Project). We employed a path analysis modelling approach to explore the presence and significance of mediating factors that may contribute to any association between walkability or park availability and hypertension. This study intentionally employed walkability measures enforced through municipal zoning and subdivision regulations legally underpinned by health, safety, and welfare. All models were adjusted for socioeconomic and other characteristics where data were available. RESULTS Our analysis of two population-based Canadian cohorts consistently found that higher levels of walkability and park accessibility were both associated with significantly lower odds of self-reported hypertension, especially for lower income individuals. Mediation analysis showed that obesity accounted for 50% and 52.9% of the total effect of walkability and park accessibility on hypertension, respectively. DISCUSSION We suggest an integrated population health approach that considers multimorbidity as a result of exposure to car-dependent areas and the lack of green spaces. Longitudinal research is needed to document causal effects of built and natural environments on hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binay Adhikari
- School of Community and Regional Planning, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Jorge Andrés Delgado-Ron
- Health and Community Design Lab, School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Matilda Van den Bosch
- Health and Community Design Lab, School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, The University of British Columbia, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Trevor Dummer
- Health and Community Design Lab, School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada; Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, 675 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Andy Hong
- Health and Community Design Lab, School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada; The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jat Sandhu
- Health and Community Design Lab, School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada; Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ellen Demlow
- Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yumian Hu
- Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lawrence D Frank
- Health and Community Design Lab, School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Objective Measurement of Physical Activity Attributed to a Park-Based Afterschool Program. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:329-336. [PMID: 33524953 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only 24% of US youth meet physical activity recommendations set by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Research demonstrates that community-based programs provide underresourced minority youth with opportunities for routine physical activity, although limited work draws from accelerometry data. This study objectively assessed youth physical activity attributable to participation (vs nonparticipation) days in a park-based afterschool program in Miami-Dade County, Miami, FL. METHODS Participants' (n = 66; 60% male; 57% white Hispanic, 25% non-Hispanic black, 14% Black Hispanic, mean age = 10.2 y) physical activity was assessed April to May 2019 over 10 days across 7 park sites using Fitbit (Charge 2) devices. Separate repeated-measures multilevel models were developed to assess the relationship between program daily attendance and total (1) moderate to vigorous physical activity minutes and (2) step counts per day. RESULTS Models adjusted for individual-level age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty, and clustering by park showed significantly higher moderate to vigorous physical activity minutes (β = 25.33 more minutes per day; 95% confidence interval, 7.0 to 43.7, P < .01) and step counts (β = 4067.8 more steps per day; 95% confidence interval, 3171.8 to 4963.8, P < .001) on days when youth did versus did not attend the program. CONCLUSIONS Study findings suggest that park-based programs may support underserved youth in achieving daily physical activity recommendations.
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Messiah SE, D'Agostino EM, Patel HH, Hansen E, Mathew MS, Arheart KL. Changes in cardiovascular health and physical fitness in ethnic youth with intellectual disabilities participating in a park-based afterschool programme for two years. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2019; 32:1478-1489. [PMID: 31219677 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth with intellectual disabilities are more likely to be an unhealthy weight and less physically active than youth without intellectual disability. OBJECTIVE The effects of Fit2Play, a park-based afterschool programme on cardiovascular/fitness health outcomes among youth with intellectual disability, were prospectively assessed. METHODS Youth ages 6 to 22 with intellectual disability who participated in Fit2Play for either one or two school years between 2010 and 2016 (N = 297, mean age 14.1 years, 70% Hispanic, 20% non-Hispanic black, 72% male) were examined via a fitness battery at the beginning/end of the school year(s). Effects of length of Fit2Play participation on body mass index (BMI) %ile, skinfold thicknesses, systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) %iles, fitness tests, and health and wellness knowledge) were evaluated via two-level repeated measures analysis adjusted for child gender, age, ethnicity and area-level poverty. RESULTS Adjusted models showed that up to two years of Fit2Play participation was significantly associated with improved BMI %ile, skinfold thicknesses, SPB/DBP %iles and PACER scores (p < 0.05 for all). One and two years of programme participation was associated with a 6% [95% CI: 0.92, 0.96] and 10% [95% CI: 0.87, 0.93] reduction in SBP%ile, respectively (p < 0.001), and a 36% [95% CI: 1.28, 1.45] and 57% [95% CI: 1.44, 1.70] increase in PACER score laps, respectively, compared to baseline. CONCLUSIONS Results here suggest that park-based, structured afterschool programmes with a focus on health and wellness can be a rich resource for this nation by offering both exclusive and immersion programmes for children with intellectual disability to foster cardiovascular health in all youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Messiah
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Emily M D'Agostino
- Miami-Dade County Department of Parks, Recreation and Open Spaces, Miami, Florida
| | - Hersila H Patel
- Miami-Dade County Department of Parks, Recreation and Open Spaces, Miami, Florida
| | - Eric Hansen
- Miami-Dade County Department of Parks, Recreation and Open Spaces, Miami, Florida
| | - Matthew Sunil Mathew
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Kristopher L Arheart
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Jennings V, Bamkole O. The Relationship between Social Cohesion and Urban Green Space: An Avenue for Health Promotion. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16030452. [PMID: 30720732 PMCID: PMC6388234 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Social cohesion involves the interpersonal dynamics and sense of connection among people. Increased social cohesion can be associated with various physical and psychological health benefits. The presence of urban green spaces can encourage positive social interactions that cultivate social cohesion in ways that enhance health and well-being. Urban green spaces have also been linked to positive health behaviors and outcomes including increased physical activity and social engagement. Understanding the relationship between social cohesion and urban green space is important for informing holistic approaches to health. In this article, we discuss how positive interactions in urban green space can catalyze social cohesion, social capital and critical health-promoting behaviors that may enhance psychological health and well-being. We also summarize the strengths and limitations of previous studies and suggest directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viniece Jennings
- Southern Research Station, Integrating Human and Natural Systems, USDA Forest Service, 320 Green Street, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Omoshalewa Bamkole
- Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Effect of participation in a park-based afterschool program on cardiovascular disease risk among severely obese youth. Public Health 2018; 159:137-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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