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Forseth B, Lancaster B, Olalde M, Befort CA, Swinburne Romine RE, Dreyer Gillette ML, Dean KM, Nelson EL, Davis AM. Recruitment and reach in a school-based pediatric obesity intervention trial in rural areas. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1181757. [PMID: 37325332 PMCID: PMC10267303 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1181757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study is to evaluate two recruitment strategies on schools and participant participation rates and representativeness (reach) within a pediatric obesity treatment trial tailored for families who live in rural areas. Methods Recruitment of schools was evaluated based on their progress toward enrolling participants. Recruitment and reach of participants were evaluated using (1) participation rates and (2) representativeness of demographics and weight status of participants compared to eligible participants (who did not consent and enroll) and all students (regardless of eligibility). School recruitment, as well as participant recruitment and reach, were evaluated across recruitment methods comparing opt-in (i.e., caregivers agreed to allow their child to be screened for eligibility) vs. screen-first (i.e., all children screened for eligibility). Results Of the 395 schools contacted, 34 schools (8.6%) expressed initial interest; of these, 27 (79%) proceeded to recruit participants, and 18 (53%) ultimately participated in the program. Of schools who initiated recruitment, 75% of schools using the opt-in method and 60% of schools using the screen-first method continued participation and were able to recruit a sufficient number of participants. The average participation rate (number of enrolled individuals divided by those who were eligible) from all 18 schools was 21.6%. This percentage was higher in schools using the screen-first method (average of 29.7%) compared to schools using the opt-in method (13.5%). Study participants were representative of the student population based on sex (female), race (White), and eligibility for free and reduced-price lunch. Study participants had higher body mass index (BMI) metrics (BMI, BMIz, and BMI%) than eligible non-participants. Conclusions Schools using the opt-in recruitment were more likely to enroll at least 5 families and administer the intervention. However, the participation rate was higher in screen-first schools. The overall study sample was representative of the school demographics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Forseth
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Brittany Lancaster
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Megan Olalde
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Christie A. Befort
- Department of Population Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | | | - Meredith L. Dreyer Gillette
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Kelsey M. Dean
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Eve-Lynn Nelson
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Ann M. Davis
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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Bautista T, Fogelman N, Lartigue S, Silverman WK, Jastreboff AM, Sinha R. Association between specific types of parent stressors and fast-food consumption among parents and children. Eat Behav 2023; 49:101724. [PMID: 37054487 PMCID: PMC10247538 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although stress has been associated with eating behaviors, such as overeating and eating less healthy foods, the relationships between specific types of parent stressors and fast-food consumption in parents and young children have not been well studied. We hypothesized that parent perceived stress, parenting stress, and household chaos would be positively associated with fast-food consumption for parents and their young children. METHODS Parents of 2-5 year olds and with Body Mass Index >27 kg/m2 (N = 234, parent mean age: 34.3 (±5.7); child age: 44.9 (±13.8) months; 65.8 % from two parent households) completed surveys on parent perceived stress, parenting stress, household chaos, and their fast-food intake and that of their child. RESULTS In separate regression models, controlling for covariates, parent perceived stress (β = 0.21, p < 0.01; R2 = 0.10, p < 0.01), parenting stress (β = 0.26, p < 0.01; R2 = 0.13, p < 0.01), and household chaos (β = 0.25, p < 0.01; R2 = 0.12, p < 0.01) were each significantly associated with parent fast-food consumption, and separately with child fast-food consumption [Parent perceived stress (β = 0.05, p = 0.02; R2 = 0.14, p < 0.01); parenting stress (β = 0.14, p = 0.03; R2 = 0.14, p < 0.01); parent fast-food consumption (β = 0.40, p < 0.01; R2 = 0.27, p < 0.01)]. However, combined final models showed parenting stress (p < 0.01) as the only significant predictor of parent fast-food consumption, which in turn was the only significant predictor of child fast-food consumption (p < 0.01). DISCUSSION The findings support the inclusion of parenting stress interventions that target fast-food eating behaviors in parents, which may in turn, reduce fast-food intake in their young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Bautista
- Psychological Science, Northern Arizona University, United States of America
| | - Nia Fogelman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | | | - Wendy K Silverman
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Ania M Jastreboff
- Department of Pediatrics (Pediatric Endocrinology), Yale University School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Yale University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, United States of America.
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Chisholm A, Coupe N, Ujhelyi Gomez K, Hart J, Peters S. Exploring primary school years interactions around child weight: A qualitative meta-synthesis of school staff, parent, and child views and experiences. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13451. [PMID: 35398951 PMCID: PMC9539573 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Interactions about children's weight and weight-related behaviors occur from an early stage in school settings between various stakeholders and are often intended to facilitate weight-related behavioral change in children and/or families. This meta-synthesis (PROSPERO - CRD42019133231) aimed to investigate stakeholder reported experiences and challenges of these encounters. Studies were eligible if they included school stakeholders (teaching or nonteaching staff, parents, caregivers, or children), explored communication topics related to child obesity (weight, diet or activity), were conducted within an early school setting (primary school stage or international equivalent), and used qualitative methods. Database searches conducted March-July 2019 (updated November 2020) identified 40 studies (2324 participants) from seven countries. Included studies were assessed for quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Using inductive thematic analysis, we identified four core themes across this database: (1) "conversation characteristics and consequences," (2) "missing components," (3) "avoiding stigma," and (4) "school responsibilities." Overall, stakeholders recognized that schools are well-positioned to provide positive influential messages about childhood obesity and reported that discussions on this topic do occur in early school settings but that stakeholders find them difficult, complex, and lack the necessary skills to deliver the nonjudgmental, consistent, and tailored support that they desire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chisholm
- Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Nia Coupe
- Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Jo Hart
- Division of Medical Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah Peters
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Motevalli M, Drenowatz C, Tanous DR, Khan NA, Wirnitzer K. Management of Childhood Obesity-Time to Shift from Generalized to Personalized Intervention Strategies. Nutrients 2021; 13:1200. [PMID: 33917383 PMCID: PMC8067342 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a major public health concern, childhood obesity is a multifaceted and multilevel metabolic disorder influenced by genetic and behavioral aspects. While genetic risk factors contribute to and interact with the onset and development of excess body weight, available evidence indicates that several modifiable obesogenic behaviors play a crucial role in the etiology of childhood obesity. Although a variety of systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported the effectiveness of several interventions in community-based, school-based, and home-based programs regarding childhood obesity, the prevalence of children with excess body weight remains high. Additionally, researchers and pediatric clinicians are often encountering several challenges and the characteristics of an optimal weight management strategy remain controversial. Strategies involving a combination of physical activity, nutritional, and educational interventions are likely to yield better outcomes compared to single-component strategies but various prohibitory limitations have been reported in practice. This review seeks to (i) provide a brief overview of the current preventative and therapeutic approaches towards childhood obesity, (ii) discuss the complexity and limitations of research in the childhood obesity area, and (iii) suggest an Etiology-Based Personalized Intervention Strategy Targeting Childhood Obesity (EPISTCO). This purposeful approach includes prioritized nutritional, educational, behavioral, and physical activity intervention strategies directly based on the etiology of obesity and interpretation of individual characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Motevalli
- Department of Sport Science, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (D.R.T.); (K.W.)
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University College of Teacher Education Upper Austria, A-4020 Linz, Austria;
| | - Derrick R. Tanous
- Department of Sport Science, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (D.R.T.); (K.W.)
| | - Naim Akhtar Khan
- Nutritional Physiology & Toxicology Division, INSERM UMR 1231, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Katharina Wirnitzer
- Department of Sport Science, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (D.R.T.); (K.W.)
- Department of Subject Didactics and Educational Research & Development, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Life and Health Science Cluster Tirol, Subcluster Health/Medicine/Psychology, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Research Center Medical Humanities, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Management of Childhood Obesity—Time to Shift from Generalized to Personalized Intervention Strategies. Nutrients 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/nu13041200
expr 902416715 + 844236509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
As a major public health concern, childhood obesity is a multifaceted and multilevel metabolic disorder influenced by genetic and behavioral aspects. While genetic risk factors contribute to and interact with the onset and development of excess body weight, available evidence indicates that several modifiable obesogenic behaviors play a crucial role in the etiology of childhood obesity. Although a variety of systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported the effectiveness of several interventions in community-based, school-based, and home-based programs regarding childhood obesity, the prevalence of children with excess body weight remains high. Additionally, researchers and pediatric clinicians are often encountering several challenges and the characteristics of an optimal weight management strategy remain controversial. Strategies involving a combination of physical activity, nutritional, and educational interventions are likely to yield better outcomes compared to single-component strategies but various prohibitory limitations have been reported in practice. This review seeks to (i) provide a brief overview of the current preventative and therapeutic approaches towards childhood obesity, (ii) discuss the complexity and limitations of research in the childhood obesity area, and (iii) suggest an Etiology-Based Personalized Intervention Strategy Targeting Childhood Obesity (EPISTCO). This purposeful approach includes prioritized nutritional, educational, behavioral, and physical activity intervention strategies directly based on the etiology of obesity and interpretation of individual characteristics.
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Motevalli M, Drenowatz C, Tanous DR, Khan NA, Wirnitzer K. Management of Childhood Obesity-Time to Shift from Generalized to Personalized Intervention Strategies. Nutrients 2021; 13:1200. [PMID: 33917383 PMCID: PMC8067342 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041200&set/a 931824908+802380262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
As a major public health concern, childhood obesity is a multifaceted and multilevel metabolic disorder influenced by genetic and behavioral aspects. While genetic risk factors contribute to and interact with the onset and development of excess body weight, available evidence indicates that several modifiable obesogenic behaviors play a crucial role in the etiology of childhood obesity. Although a variety of systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported the effectiveness of several interventions in community-based, school-based, and home-based programs regarding childhood obesity, the prevalence of children with excess body weight remains high. Additionally, researchers and pediatric clinicians are often encountering several challenges and the characteristics of an optimal weight management strategy remain controversial. Strategies involving a combination of physical activity, nutritional, and educational interventions are likely to yield better outcomes compared to single-component strategies but various prohibitory limitations have been reported in practice. This review seeks to (i) provide a brief overview of the current preventative and therapeutic approaches towards childhood obesity, (ii) discuss the complexity and limitations of research in the childhood obesity area, and (iii) suggest an Etiology-Based Personalized Intervention Strategy Targeting Childhood Obesity (EPISTCO). This purposeful approach includes prioritized nutritional, educational, behavioral, and physical activity intervention strategies directly based on the etiology of obesity and interpretation of individual characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Motevalli
- Department of Sport Science, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (D.R.T.); (K.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University College of Teacher Education Upper Austria, A-4020 Linz, Austria;
| | - Derrick R. Tanous
- Department of Sport Science, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (D.R.T.); (K.W.)
| | - Naim Akhtar Khan
- Nutritional Physiology & Toxicology Division, INSERM UMR 1231, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Katharina Wirnitzer
- Department of Sport Science, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (D.R.T.); (K.W.)
- Department of Subject Didactics and Educational Research & Development, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Life and Health Science Cluster Tirol, Subcluster Health/Medicine/Psychology, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Research Center Medical Humanities, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Lee DH. Physical Activity Component Should be Included when Designing National Child-Obesity Program: The Rapid Review of Multi-Component Child Obesity Intervention Programs. THE ASIAN JOURNAL OF KINESIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2020.22.3.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence of child obesity is steadily increasing in Korea, thus government needs to seek for effective intervention programs to counteract current epidemics. This study sought to find proven effective child obesity programs implemented in other countries in order to provide policy recommendation. We report the results of rapid review of child obesity programs which were implemented outside of Korea.METHODS A search of multiple databases (NICE Evidence Search, Open Grey, Grey Literature Report, National Cancer institute: research-tested intervention programs) was conducted to identify relevant research articles published after January 2010.RESULTS 11 studies met the inclusion criteria after systematic screening. Most of the included studies used physical activity & diet/nutrition at the same time, while school was the most common location for the intervention. 5 studies showed improvement in obesity related outcomes. Interventions contained physical activity & diet/nutrition or physical activity & psychological coaching, and intervention implemented in school, healthcare facility, summer camp, and after-school class were shown effective.CONCLUSIONS Considering the results of current review, multi-component intervention which includes physical activity is recommended when designing child obesity program. The location of the intervention should be school to maximize its effectiveness.
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Burton W, Twiddy M, Sahota P, Brown J, Bryant M. Participant engagement with a UK community-based preschool childhood obesity prevention programme: a focused ethnography study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1074. [PMID: 31395041 PMCID: PMC6688247 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children's centres in the UK provide a setting for public health programmes; offering support to families living in the most disadvantaged areas where obesity prevalence is at its highest. Health, Exercise and Nutrition in the Really Young (HENRY) is an eight-week obesity prevention programme currently delivered in children's centres across the UK. However, low participant engagement in some local authorities threatens its potential reach and impact. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing participant engagement with HENRY to describe where local intervention may support engagement efforts. METHOD A focused ethnography study was undertaken in five children's centres delivering HENRY across the UK. One hundred and ninety hours of field observations, 22 interviews with staff (commissioners, HENRY co-ordinators, managers and facilitators) and six focus groups (36 parents), took place over five consecutive days in each centre. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to guide the observations and analysis of the data. RESULTS Three overarching themes described the factors influencing participant engagement with HENRY: local authority decision making around children's centre programmes; children's centre implementation of HENRY; and the participant experience of HENRY. The results indicate that factors influencing participant engagement with public health programmes begin at the commissioning body level, influencing children's centre implementation and subsequently the experience of participants. Local authority funding priorities and constraints influence availability of places and who these places are offered to, with funding often targeted towards those deemed most at need. This was perceived to have a detrimental effect on participant experience of the programme. CONCLUSION In summary, participant engagement is affected by multiple factors, working at different levels of the children's centre and local authority hierarchy, most of which are at play even before participants decide whether or not they choose to enrol and maintain attendance. For programmes to achieve their optimal reach and impact, factors at the commissioning and local implementation level need to be addressed prior to addressing participant facing issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Burton
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Maureen Twiddy
- Institute of Clinical and Applied Health Research, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Cottingham Rd, Hull, HU6 7RX UK
| | - Pinki Sahota
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, City Campus, Leeds, LS1 3HE UK
| | - Julia Brown
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Maria Bryant
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
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Park E, Lee HY. [Environment Factors Affecting Childhood Obesity: Voices from Students, Parents, and Teachers with Photograph]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2019; 49:254-262. [PMID: 31266922 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.2019.49.3.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the environmental factors affecting childhood obesity using photovoice from the perspectives of students, parents, and teachers in the community. METHODS Six school students, seven parents, and seven school teachers completed an assignment requiring them to take 24 pictures and participate in group discussions. After training session, the participants were asked to take pictures associated with food and physical activity environments related to childhood obesity at home, school, and within their communities for two weeks and to submit the pictures with records. Each group had four sessions for discussion. RESULTS School cafeteria, convenience stores near schools, instant food and fast food joints, food delivery, and high-calorie snacks comprised the food environmental factors. Lack of physical activity classes at school, commuting by car, barriers to physical activity, and use of smart-phone were environmental factors that inhibited physical activity. CONCLUSION To reduce childhood obesity, the creation of a supportive environment for encouraging the consumption of healthy foods and enhancing physical activity should be considered. Modifications of and improvement to the obesogenic environment might be a good strategy to prevent and reduce childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunok Park
- College of Nursing, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hyo Young Lee
- Departmemt of Health Administration, Dongseo University, Busan, Korea.
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Cheney AM, Nieri T, Davis E, Prologo J, Valencia E, Anderson AT, Widaman K, Reaves C, Sullivan G. The Sociocultural Factors Underlying Latina Mothers' Infant Feeding Practices. Glob Qual Nurs Res 2019; 6:2333393618825253. [PMID: 30746425 PMCID: PMC6360473 DOI: 10.1177/2333393618825253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the sociocultural factors underlying infant feeding practices. We conducted four focus groups with 19 Latina mothers of children 0 to 2 years of age enrolled in Early Head Start programs in the United States over a 1-year period. We found these mothers considered both science- and family-based feeding recommendations. However, advice from family was often inconsistent with science- and nutrition-based recommended feeding practices. In the interest of showing respect and preserving harmonious relationships, some mothers accepted family advice instead of recommended practices while others employed strategies to follow recommended practices without offending. Nutrition educators need to consider the intersection of macro, organizational, and community factors with micro-level processes in shaping the implementation of recommended feeding practices within family systems. Nutrition interventions for Latino families should capitalize on Latina mothers’ strategies for navigating multiple information sources while preserving cultural values and family relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M Cheney
- University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Tanya Nieri
- University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Davis
- University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Joe Prologo
- Early Head Start, San Bernardino, San Bernardino, California, USA
| | - Esmirna Valencia
- Riverside County Office of Education, Riverside, California, USA
| | | | - Keith Widaman
- University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
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Sagatov RD, John LV, Gregoriou M, Arteaga SS, Weber S, Payn B, Strauss W, Weinstein N, Collie-Akers V. Recruitment outcomes, challenges and lessons learned: the Healthy Communities Study. Pediatr Obes 2018; 13 Suppl 1:27-35. [PMID: 30209890 PMCID: PMC6424514 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Healthy Communities Study (HCS) was a national study of community programs and policies that aimed to address childhood obesity; it necessitated recruitment of a large sample of children from communities throughout the United States. OBJECTIVE The HCS aimed to complete visits with an average of 45 children and 12 key informants from at least 120 communities, diverse with respect to region of the country, urbanicity, socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity and intensity of community programs and policies that aim to address childhood obesity. METHODS Purchased address lists were utilized to select households for recruitment during Wave 1 of the study, and recruitment of families through schools was employed for Wave 2. RESULTS The HCS successfully obtained approval from 149 school districts and 478 schools in 130 communities, recruited 5138 families, and interviewed 1421 key informants to allow for characterization of overall intensity of obesity prevention/treatment efforts in each community. CONCLUSIONS Lessons learned are presented. Future studies should plan for inclusion of the following in development of recruitment strategies: literature review, formative research, pilot testing, and ongoing monitoring and adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S. Sonia Arteaga
- National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Betsy Payn
- University of Washington Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Seattle, WA
| | - Warren Strauss
- W.J. Strauss, Health Analytics Hub, LLC – Lewis Center, OH, USA
| | | | - Vicki Collie-Akers
- Work Group for Health and Community Development, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS
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Coledam DHC, Ferraiol PF. Engagement in physical education classes and health among young people: does sports practice matter? A cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2017; 135:548-555. [PMID: 29166432 PMCID: PMC10016014 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2017.0111260617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Physical education classes aim to promote health but it is unknown whether benefits occur independently of sports practice. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between engagement in physical education classes and physical fitness and obesity according to sports practice among Brazilian students. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional school-based study involving 737 students aged 10-17 years in southern Brazil. METHODS Engagement in physical education classes and sports practice were analyzed using a self-report questionnaire. The health indicators analyzed were cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, obesity and combinations thereof. The covariates were sex, age, socioeconomic status, physical activity and sedentary behavior. Prevalence ratios (PR) adjusted for confounding variables were estimated using Poisson regression. Analyses were stratified according to sports practice. RESULTS Engagement in physical education classes was associated with achievement of health-related criteria for cardiorespiratory fitness (PR = 1.52), muscle strength (PR = 1.55), obesity + cardiorespiratory fitness (PR = 1.51), obesity + muscle strength (PR = 1.70), cardiorespiratory fitness + muscle strength (PR = 2.60) and the three outcomes combined (PR = 2.43), only among non-sports practitioners, all P < 0.05. Engagement in physical education classes was not associated with obesity (PR = 1.00, P > 0.05). No associations were found for sports practitioners (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Engagement in physical education classes was associated with health among non-sports practitioners. However, to protect students from obesity and promote additional health benefits for sports practitioners, the conventional physical education program offered to the sample studied should be reformulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Henrique Constantino Coledam
- MSc, PhD. Physical Educator and Professor, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP), Boituva (SP), Brazil.
| | - Philippe Fanelli Ferraiol
- MSc. Physical Educator and Doctoral Student, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina (PR), Brazil.
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Cauchi D, Glonti K, Petticrew M, Knai C. Environmental components of childhood obesity prevention interventions: an overview of systematic reviews. Obes Rev 2016; 17:1116-1130. [PMID: 27432025 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Childhood obesity has a complex multi-factorial aetiology grounded in environmental and individual level factors that affect behaviour and outcomes. An ecological, systems-based approach to addressing childhood obesity is increasingly being advocated. The primary aim of this review is to summarize the evidence reported in systematic reviews on the effectiveness of population-level childhood obesity prevention interventions that have an environmental component. We conducted a systematic review of reviews published since 1995, employing a standardized search strategy in nine databases. Inclusion criteria required that reviews be systematic and evaluated at least one population-level, environmental intervention in any setting aimed at preventing or reducing obesity in children (5-18 years). Sixty-three reviews were included, ten of which were of high quality. Results show modest impact of a broad range of environmental strategies on anthropometric outcomes. Systematic reviews vary in methodological quality, and not all relevant primary studies may be included in each review. To ensure relevance of our findings to practice, we also report on relevant underlying primary studies, providing policy-relevant recommendations based on the evidence reviewed. Greater standardization of review methods and reporting structures will benefit policymakers and public health professionals seeking informed decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cauchi
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
| | - K Glonti
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Petticrew
- Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Knai
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Hegarty LM, Mair JL, Kirby K, Murtagh E, Murphy MH. School-based Interventions to Reduce Sedentary Behaviour in Children: A Systematic Review. AIMS Public Health 2016; 3:520-541. [PMID: 29546180 PMCID: PMC5689814 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2016.3.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prolonged, uninterrupted periods of sedentary time may be associated with increased risk of Type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality even if the minimum recommended levels of daily physical activity are achieved. It is reported that children spend approximately 80% of their day engaged in sedentary behaviours. Since children spend a large portion of their waking time at school, school-based interventions targeting excessive or interrupted periods of sedentary time have been investigated in a number of studies. However, results of the effectiveness of studies to-date have been inconsistent. AIM To conduct a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of school-based interventions designed to reduce sedentary behaviour on objectively measured sedentary time in children. METHODS Five electronic databases were searched to retrieve peer-reviewed studies published in English up to and including August 2015. Studies that reported objectively measured sedentary time before and after a school-based intervention to reduce sedentary time were included in the review. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration method. RESULTS Our search identified eleven papers reporting eight interventions. Studies focused on the physical environment, the curriculum, individual in-class activities, homework activities or a combination of these strategies. Three studies reported decreases in sedentary time following intervention. Study follow-up periods ranged from immediately post-intervention to 12 months. None of the studies were judged to have a low risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS Multicomponent interventions which also include the use of standing desks may be an effective method for reducing children's sedentary time in a school-based intervention. However, longer term trials are needed to determine the sustained effectiveness of such interventions on children's sedentary time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda M. Hegarty
- School of Sport, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland
| | - Jacqueline L. Mair
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland
| | - Karen Kirby
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Magee, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Elaine Murtagh
- Department of Arts, Education and Physical Education, Mary Immaculate College, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Marie H. Murphy
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland
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15
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Eldridge G, Paul L, Bailey SJ, Ashe CB, Martz J, Lynch W. Effects of parent-only childhood obesity prevention programs on BMIz and body image in rural preteens. Body Image 2016; 16:143-53. [PMID: 26851605 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This experiment compared body image (BI) and BMI changes resulting from two parent-only obesity prevention interventions aimed at 8-12 year olds. Parents in the experimental intervention attended ten face-to-face educational sessions, while parents in the minimal (control) intervention received similar mailed information. Parent-child dyads (N=150) were semi-randomly assigned to intervention groups. Children were assessed before, after, and 6 months following the interventions; children did not attend experimental intervention sessions. Child BI assessments included weight and size perception, weight management goals, body esteem, and appearance attitudes. Significant effects included small decreases in BMIz scores and overweight dissatisfaction, as well as improvements in aspects of body esteem and appearance attitudes. Some BI effects were gender-specific. Decreases in overweight dissatisfaction were greater following the experimental treatment. Neither treatment reduced body size misperception. Thus, parent-only obesity prevention interventions can reduce body weight and body image concerns among rural preteens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galen Eldridge
- 4-Health Project, Montana State University Extension, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Lynn Paul
- Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Sandra J Bailey
- Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Carrie Benke Ashe
- 4-Health Project, Montana State University Extension, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Jill Martz
- 4-Health Project, Montana State University Extension, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Wesley Lynch
- Department of Psychology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
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Mei H, Xiong Y, Xie S, Guo S, Li Y, Guo B, Zhang J. The impact of long-term school-based physical activity interventions on body mass index of primary school children - a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:205. [PMID: 26931236 PMCID: PMC4774105 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2829-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) intervention is a commonly recommended strategy to combat childhood obesity. However, its effectiveness has long been controversial. This paper aims to examine the effectiveness of long-term (≥12 months) school-based PA interventions on body mass index (BMI) in primary school children, who are gaining BMI. Methods Original papers were retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science, published between 1990 and 2015. The inclusion criteria were those research studies that were: randomized controlled trials (RCTs), conducted in primary school settings, had valid data on BMI at baseline and at the final follow up (or on BMI changes), and involved PA intervention that lasted for at least 12 months. Results Out of 11,158 potentially eligible articles, 18 papers were included in the analysis, involving 22,381 primary school children with intervention durations ranging from 12 to 72 months. Compared to the control groups, the BMI increment was 2.23 kg/m2 less in the intervention groups (p < 0.05). The heterogeneity was high across the studies (99.8 %), but declined after sub-group analyses. The intervention type, intervention duration, and weekly PA intervention time were among the factors leading to the heterogeneity. Conclusion Long-term school-based interventions containing PA as a core component appear to be effective in achieving healthier BMI. However, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the high heterogeneity among the studies. More high quality school-based RCTs among diverse populations are needed to improve the homogeneity and to yield a more robust conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Mei
- Department Woman and Child's Care and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, P.R. China.
| | - Yuelin Xiong
- Department Woman and Child's Care and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, P.R. China.
| | - Shuixian Xie
- Department Woman and Child's Care and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, P.R. China.
| | - Siyu Guo
- Department Woman and Child's Care and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, P.R. China.
| | - Yukun Li
- Department Woman and Child's Care and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, P.R. China.
| | - Bingbing Guo
- Department Woman and Child's Care and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, P.R. China.
| | - Jianduan Zhang
- Department Woman and Child's Care and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, P.R. China.
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