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Regolo L, Giampieri F, Battino M, Armas Diaz Y, Mezzetti B, Elexpuru-Zabaleta M, Mazas C, Tutusaus K, Mazzoni L. From by-products to new application opportunities: the enhancement of the leaves deriving from the fruit plants for new potential healthy products. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1083759. [PMID: 38895662 PMCID: PMC11184148 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1083759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the world population and demand for any kind of product have grown exponentially. The rhythm of production to satisfy the request of the population has become unsustainable and the concept of the linear economy, introduced after the Industrial Revolution, has been replaced by a new economic approach, the circular economy. In this new economic model, the concept of "the end of life" is substituted by the concept of restoration, providing a new life to many industrial wastes. Leaves are a by-product of several agricultural cultivations. In recent years, the scientific interest regarding leaf biochemical composition grew, recording that plant leaves may be considered an alternative source of bioactive substances. Plant leaves' main bioactive compounds are similar to those in fruits, i.e., phenolic acids and esters, flavonols, anthocyanins, and procyanidins. Bioactive compounds can positively influence human health; in fact, it is no coincidence that the leaves were used by our ancestors as a natural remedy for various pathological conditions. Therefore, leaves can be exploited to manufacture many products in food (e.g., being incorporated in food formulations as natural antioxidants, or used to create edible coatings or films for food packaging), cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries (e.g., promising ingredients in anti-aging cosmetics such as oils, serums, dermatological creams, bath gels, and other products). This review focuses on the leaves' main bioactive compounds and their beneficial health effects, indicating their applications until today to enhance them as a harvesting by-product and highlight their possible reuse for new potential healthy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Regolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali – Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Product Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yasmany Armas Diaz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Bruno Mezzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali – Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Maria Elexpuru-Zabaleta
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Cristina Mazas
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Kilian Tutusaus
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- Research Center for Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidade Internacional do Cuanza, Cuito, Angola
| | - Luca Mazzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali – Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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2
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Ling N, Tian H, Wang Q, Gao M, Xu G, Sun Y, Song D, Li W, Ji C. Advance in Hippophae rhamnoides polysaccharides: Extraction, structural characteristics, pharmacological activity, structure-activity relationship and application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132420. [PMID: 38763246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Hippophae rhamnoides (Sea buckthorn) is an excellent medicinal and edible plant owing to its high nutritional and health-promoting properties. As an important bioactive component, H. rhamnoides polysaccharides (HRPs) have aroused wide attention due to their various pharmacological activities, including hepatoprotective, immuno-modulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, anti-obesity, and so on. Nevertheless, the development and utilization of HRP-derived functional food and medicines are constrained to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the structure-activity relationship, application, and safety of HRPs. This review systematically summarizes the advancements on the extraction, purification, structural characteristics, pharmacological activities and mechanisms of HRPs. The structure-activity relationship, safety evaluation, application, as well as the shortcomings of current research and promising prospects are also highlighted. This article aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of HRPs and lay a groundwork for future research and utilization of HRPs as multifunctional biomaterials and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ling
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Haiyan Tian
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Mingze Gao
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Guiguo Xu
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Dongxue Song
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Wenlan Li
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Chenfeng Ji
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150076, China.
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Hooda P, Malik R, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Najmi A, Zoghebi K, Halawi MA, Makeen HA, Mohan S. Phytoimmunomodulators: A review of natural modulators for complex immune system. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23790. [PMID: 38205318 PMCID: PMC10777011 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, the medicinal properties of plants and their effects on the human immune system are being studied extensively. Plants are an incredible source of traditional medicines that help cure various diseases, including altered immune mechanisms and are economical and benign compared to allopathic medicines. Reported data in written documents such as Traditional Chinese medicine, Indian Ayurvedic medicine support the supplementation of botanicals for immune defense reactions in the body and can lead to safe and effective immunity responses. Additionally, some botanicals are well-identified as magical herbal remedies because they act upon the pathogen directly and help boost the immunity of the host. Chemical compounds, also known as phytochemicals, obtained from these botanicals looked promising due to their effects on the human immune system by modulating the lymphocytes which subsequently reduce the chances of getting infected. This paper summarises most documented phytochemicals and how they act on the immune system, their properties and possible mechanisms, screening conventions, formulation guidelines, comparison with synthetic immunity-enhancers, marketed immunity-boosting products, and immune-booster role in the ongoing ghastly corona virus wave. However, it focuses mainly on plant metabolites as immunomodulators. In addition, it also sheds light on the current advancements and future possibilities in this field. From this thorough study, it can be stated that the plant-based secondary metabolites contribute significantly to immunity building and could prove to be valuable medicaments for the design and development of novel immunomodulators even for a pandemic like COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partibha Hooda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Rohit Malik
- Gurugram Global College of Pharmacy, Gurugram, India
- SRM Modi Nagar College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Delhi-NCR Campus, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Oman
| | - Asim Najmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Zoghebi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam A. Halawi
- Department of Clinical pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz A. Makeen
- Department of Clinical pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Global health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India
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Raclariu-Manolică AC, Socaciu C. In Search of Authenticity Biomarkers in Food Supplements Containing Sea Buckthorn: A Metabolomics Approach. Foods 2023; 12:4493. [PMID: 38137297 PMCID: PMC10742966 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) (SB) is increasingly consumed worldwide as a food and food supplement. The remarkable richness in biologically active phytochemicals (polyphenols, carotenoids, sterols, vitamins) is responsible for its purported nutritional and health-promoting effects. Despite the considerable interest and high market demand for SB-based supplements, a limited number of studies report on the authentication of such commercially available products. Herein, untargeted metabolomics based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-ESI+MS) were able to compare the phytochemical fingerprint of leaves, berries, and various categories of SB-berry herbal supplements (teas, capsules, tablets, liquids). By untargeted metabolomics, a multivariate discrimination analysis and a univariate approach (t-test and ANOVA) showed some putative authentication biomarkers for berries, e.g., xylitol, violaxanthin, tryptophan, quinic acid, quercetin-3-rutinoside. Significant dominant molecules were found for leaves: luteolin-5-glucoside, arginine, isorhamnetin 3-rutinoside, serotonin, and tocopherol. The univariate analysis showed discriminations between the different classes of food supplements using similar algorithms. Finally, eight molecules were selected and considered significant putative authentication biomarkers. Further studies will be focused on quantitative evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancuța Cristina Raclariu-Manolică
- Stejarul Research Centre for Biological Sciences, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 610004 Piatra Neamț, Romania;
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- BIODIATECH—Research Center for Applied Biotechnology in Diagnosis and Molecular Therapy, 400478 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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5
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Rizwan HM, Khan MK, Mughal MAS, Abbas Z, Abbas RZ, Sindhu ZUD, Sajid MS, Ain QU, Abbas A, Zafar A, Imran M, Aqib AI, Nadeem M. A new insight in immunomodulatory impact of botanicals in treating avian coccidiosis. J Parasit Dis 2022; 46:1164-1175. [PMID: 36457787 PMCID: PMC9606196 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-022-01519-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian coccidiosis is caused by genus Eimeria (E.) i.e. E. maxima, E. necatrix, E. tenella, E. acervulina, E. brunette and E. mitis and lead to three billion US dollar per year economic loss in poultry industry and reduces the growth performance of birds. To purge undesirable foreign agents, immune system produces a variety of molecules and cells that ultimately neutralize target particles in healthy organisms. However; when this particular system compromises, infection develops and the load of pathogens along with their virulence factors overcome both; innate and adaptive immune systems. Livestock and poultry sectors are important part of agriculture industry worldwide. Due to excessive use of chemotherapeutic agents, pathogens have developed resistance against these agents leading to the great economic losses. Numerous therapeutic approaches are in routine process for the treatment and prevention of various ailments but irrational use of antibiotics/chemicals has raised alarming concerns, like the development of drug resistant strains, residual effects in ultimate users and environmental pollution. These problems have led to the development of alternatives. In this regard, anticoccidial vaccine can be used as an alternative but due to high cost of production, plant derived biological response modifiers and antioxidants compounds are considered as a promising alternative. This review summarizes the immunotherapeutic effects of different compounds particularly with reference to avian coccidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Kasib Khan
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040 Pakistan
| | | | - Zaheer Abbas
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040 Pakistan
| | - Rao Zahid Abbas
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040 Pakistan
| | - Zia ud Din Sindhu
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040 Pakistan
| | | | - Qurat ul Ain
- Health Officer in Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
| | - Asghar Abbas
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Arsalan Zafar
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040 Pakistan
| | - Amjad Islam Aqib
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040 Pakistan
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6
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Shen F, Zhuang J, Wang Q, Zhang J, Huang Y, Mo Q, Zhao M, Wang J, Zhong H, Feng F. Enhancement in the metabolic profile of sea buckthorn juice via fermentation for its better efficacy on attenuating diet-induced metabolic syndrome by targeting gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111948. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Malik S, Babbar S, Chaudhary M, Sharma S, Raina SN, Babbar SB. Authentication and deciphering interrelationships of Hippophae species using DNA barcodes. THE NUCLEUS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-021-00382-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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8
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Chen T, Wang S, Li H, Shen C, Yan S, Wei Y, Song Z, Li P, Li Y. Efficient One-Step Separation of Five Flavonoids from the Crude Extract of the Waste Pomace of Sea Buckthorn Berries through Counter-Current Chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 60:578-583. [PMID: 34343279 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The pomace of sea buckthorn berries is usually discarded when transforming into nonalcoholic or alcoholic beverages, jellies, jams, juices, candies and dairy products. Here, we established a promising approach for one step separation of five flavonoids from the waste pomace of sea buckthorn berries through counter-current chromatography. The crude extract of waste pomace of sea buckthorn berries after juicing was injected into counter-current chromatography with hexane/ethyl acetate/ethanol/water (v/v/v/v, 5:7:5:7) as the solvent system. As a result, five flavonoids, including quercetin, laricitrin, isorhamnetin-7-O-rhamnoside, kaempferol and isorhamnetin, were obtained in a single step separation. Our finding showed that ethanol is a good substitute for methanol to regulate the partition coefficient in hexane/ethyl acetate/ methanol/water system. This study provided a significant measure to utilize the waste pomace of Sea buckthorn berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Cheng Shen
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shuping Yan
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yangfei Wei
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zhibo Song
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Peipei Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yulin Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China
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9
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Yuandani, Jantan I, Rohani AS, Sumantri IB. Immunomodulatory Effects and Mechanisms of Curcuma Species and Their Bioactive Compounds: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:643119. [PMID: 33995049 PMCID: PMC8120430 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuma species (family: Zingiberaceae) are widely utilized in traditional medicine to treat diverse immune-related disorders. There have been many scientific studies on their immunomodulating effects to support their ethnopharmacological uses. In this review, the efficacy of six Curcuma species, namely, C. longa L., C. zanthorrhiza Roxb., C. mangga Valeton & Zijp, C. aeruginosa Roxb. C. zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe, and C. amada Roxb., and their bioactive metabolites to modulate the immune system, their mechanistic effects, and their potential to be developed into effective and safe immunomodulatory agents are highlighted. Literature search has been carried out extensively to gather significant findings on immunomodulating activities of these plants. The immunomodulatory effects of Curcuma species were critically analyzed, and future research strategies and appropriate perspectives on the plants as source of new immunomodulators were discussed. Most of the pharmacological investigations to evaluate their immunomodulatory effects were in vivo and in vitro experiments on the crude extracts of the plants. The extracts were not chemically characterized or standardized. Of all the Curcuma species investigated, the immunomodulatory effects of C. longa were the most studied. Most of the bioactive metabolites responsible for the immunomodulating activities were not determined, and mechanistic studies to understand the underlying mechanisms were scanty. There are limited clinical studies to confirm their efficacy in human. Of all the bioactive metabolites, only curcumin is undergoing extensive clinical trials based on its anti-inflammatory properties and main use as an adjuvant for the treatment of cancer. More in-depth studies to understand the underlying mechanisms using experimental in vivo animal models of immune-related disorders and elaborate bioavailability, preclinical pharmacokinetics, and toxicity studies are required before clinical trials can be pursued for development into immunomodulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ade Sri Rohani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Imam Bagus Sumantri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
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10
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Ma X, Yang W, Kallio H, Yang B. Health promoting properties and sensory characteristics of phytochemicals in berries and leaves of sea buckthorn ( Hippophaë rhamnoides). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:3798-3816. [PMID: 33412908 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1869921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L., SB), as a multi-functional plant, is widely grown in Asia, Europe and Canada. The berries and leaves of SB contain a diverse array of health-supporting phytochemicals, which are also related to the sensory qualities of berry and berry products. This review summarizes the biologically active key-compounds of the berries and leaves of SB, their health-promoting effects, as well as the contributions to the sensory quality of the berries. The target compounds consist of sugars, sugar derivatives, organic acids, phenolic compounds and lipophilic compounds (mainly carotenoids and tocopherols), which play an important role in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions, as well as in metabolic health. In addition, these compounds contribute to the orosensory qualities of SB berries, which are closely related to consumer acceptance and preference of the products. Studies regarding the bioavailability of the compounds and the influence of the processing conditions are also part of this review. Finally, the role of the sensory properties is emphasized in the development of SB products to increase utilization of the berry as a common meal component and to obtain value-added products to support human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Ma
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Wei Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki Kallio
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Shanxi Center for Testing of Functional Agro-Products, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
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11
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Singh IP, Ahmad F, Gore DD, Tikoo K, Bansal A, Jachak SM, Jena G. Therapeutic potential of seabuckthorn: a patent review (2000-2018). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2019; 29:733-744. [DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2019.1648434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Inder Pal Singh
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, India
| | - Furkan Ahmad
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, India
| | - Dattatraya Dinkar Gore
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, India
| | - Kulbhushan Tikoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), India
| | - Arvind Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), India
| | - Sanjay Madhukar Jachak
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, India
| | - Gopabandhu Jena
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), India
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12
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Seyed MA. A comprehensive review on Phyllanthus derived natural products as potential chemotherapeutic and immunomodulators for a wide range of human diseases. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Pang KL, Vijayaraghavan K, Sayed BA, Seyed MA. Betulinic acid‑induced expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate‑diaphorase in the immune organs of mice: A possible role of nitric oxide in immunomodulation. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:3035-3041. [PMID: 29257292 PMCID: PMC5783524 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of betulinic acid (BetA) on the expression and distribution pattern of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPH‑d), an indirect indicator of nitric oxide (NO) synthase in the thymus and spleen of mice. Mice were randomly assigned to four main groups (n=48 per group): Experimental group (BetA), positive control group (goniothalamin), vehicle control group (dimethyl sulfoxide) and control group (without vehicle). Each group was further divided into three equal subgroups according to the treatment length (4, 8 and 12 days). BetA treatment induced the expression of NADPH‑d activity in the thymus and spleen without any significant changes in the morphology of the organs. Furthermore, the expression pattern of NADPH‑d in BetA‑treated animals was significantly increased compared with that in the control animals. NADPH‑d expression in the thymus and spleen suggests that NO signaling may be a potential mechanism underlying the BetA‑induced immunomodulation in these organs. These findings are of direct clinical relevance and may contribute to the further development of BetA as a therapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Le Pang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti, Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | | | - Badr Al Sayed
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
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Yatoo MI, Dimri U, Gopalakrishnan A, Saxena A, Wani SA, Dhama K. In vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory potential of Pedicularis longiflora and Allium carolinianum in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 97:375-384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Hou D, Wang D, Ma X, Chen W, Guo S, Guan H. Effects of total flavonoids of sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) on cytotoxicity of NK92-MI cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2017; 30:353-361. [PMID: 28994628 PMCID: PMC5806804 DOI: 10.1177/0394632017736673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) has multifarious medicinal properties including immunoregulatory effect. The total flavonoids of Hippophae rhamnoides L. (TFH) are the main active components isolated from berries of sea buckthorn. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of TFH on the cytotoxicity of NK92-MI cells and its possible mechanisms. NK92-MI cells were treated with TFH (2.5 or 5.0 mg/L) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 24 h, the cytotoxicity against K562 was detected by measuring the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), expression levels of NCRs (NKp30, NKp44, NKp46) and NKG2D were detected by flow cytometry, and expression levels of perforin and granzyme B were detected by western blot. Cytokine Antibody Arrays with 80 cytokine proteins were used to profile the effect of TFH on cytokines. Western blot was adopted to detect the effects of TFH on STAT1, STAT4, and STAT5 signal pathway. Compared with the normal control group, TFH could significantly enhance NK92-MI cell cytotoxicity against K562 cells, upregulate expressions of NKp44, NKp46, perforin, and granzyme B. TFH could upregulate expressions of IL-1α, IL-2, IL-7, IL-15, CSF-2, CSF-3, MCP-1, MIG, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and TNF-β and downregulate expressions of IL-16, MIP-1β, CX3CL-1, and MIF. TFH could increase expressions of phospho-STAT1 and phospho-STAT5. The results suggest that TFH stimulated NK92-MI cells to activate and enhance cytotoxicity of NK92-MI cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandong Hou
- 1 Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Decheng Wang
- 2 The Second Clinical Medical Institute, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xiande Ma
- 3 Experiment and Technology Center, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Wenna Chen
- 3 Experiment and Technology Center, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Guo
- 3 Experiment and Technology Center, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Hongquan Guan
- 4 Basic Medical Science College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, P.R. China
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Anti-inflammatory activity of the functional groups present in Hippophae rhamnoides (Seabuckthorn) leaf extract. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:291-301. [PMID: 28409391 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
ETHNO PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The study explores the anti-inflammatory activity of components present in fractions obtained from leaves of Hippophae rhamnoides in mouse peritoneal macrophages. AIM OF THE STUDY Immunomodulators salvage the immune response by enhancing or reducing its capacity to the required level. Plant extracts are extensively used as immunomodulators because of their easy availability, simple methods of preparation and minimum side effects with maximum efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was conducted to assess the immunomodulatory activities of phyto constituents present in Seabuckthorn leaves. The aqueous-alcoholic leaf extract was subjected to successive and parallel extraction in the presence of polar and non-polar solvents for fractionation of compounds. Based on the yield, three fractions were selected viz. parallel methanol (PM), successive chloroform (SC) and successive methanol (SM) and screened for in vitro immunomodulatory activities. Peritoneal macrophages were isolated from Balb/c mice and cultured with or without LPS to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the three fractions on cell viability, hemolytic activity, nitric oxide (NO) production, cytokine levels, iNOS and COX-2 expressions. RESULTS The results revealed that none of the three fractions induced hemolysis. Cells treated with PM fraction significantly suppressed LPS-induced NO production and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ as compared to SC and SM treatment. The iNOS and COX-2 expressions were also significantly reduced after treatment with PM fraction. CONCLUSIONS The decrease in LPS-induced NO production, pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, iNOS and COX-2 expression signifies anti-inflammatory properties of PM fraction containing tannins, proteins and carbohydrate groups. Hence, this plant-derived immunomodulator can be used as a therapeutic agent in inflammatory diseases.
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Hurkova K, Rubert J, Stranska-Zachariasova M, Hajslova J. Strategies to Document Adulteration of Food Supplement Based on Sea Buckthorn Oil: a Case Study. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-016-0674-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Diandong H, Feng G, Zaifu L, Helland T, Weixin F, Liping C. Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) oil protects against chronic stress-induced inhibitory function of natural killer cells in rats. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2015; 29:76-83. [PMID: 26684638 DOI: 10.1177/0394632015619939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress can suppress natural killer (NK) cell activity; this may also be related to the effect of stress on the neuroendocrine-immune network. Sea buckthorn (SBT) (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a thorny nitrogen fixing deciduous shrub, native to both Europe and Asia. It has been used as a medicinal plant in Tibetan and Mongolian traditional medicines. SBT has multifarious medical properties, including anti-fatigue as well as immunoregulatory effects. This study reports the effects of SBT oil with regard to the cytotoxicity and quantity of NK cells in the blood of a chronic-stress rat model, in addition to its mechanisms on the neuroendocrine-immune network. These results show that SBT oil, given by gavage to rats with chronic stress, could increase the following: body weight, NK cell quantities, and cytotoxicity, as well as the expression of perforin and granzyme B. The results also show that SBT oil in rats with chronic stress could suppress cortisol, ACTH, IL-1β and TNF-α levels, in addition to increasing 5-HT and IFN-γ serum levels. This leads to suggest that SBT oil, in rats with chronic stress, can increase NK cell cytotoxicity by upregulating the expression of perforin and granzyme B, thus causing associated effects of SBT oil on the neuroendocrine-immune network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou Diandong
- Basic Medical Science College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Gu Feng
- Basic Medical Science College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Liang Zaifu
- Center of Laboratory Technology and Experimental Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Timothy Helland
- The First Clinical Medical Institute, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Fu Weixin
- Center of Laboratory Technology and Experimental Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Cai Liping
- Basic Medical Science College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, PR China
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Xue Y, Miao Q, Zhao A, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Wang P, Kallio H, Yang B. Effects of sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides) juice and L-quebrachitol on type 2 diabetes mellitus in db/db mice. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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20
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Teleszko M, Wojdyło A. Comparison of phenolic compounds and antioxidant potential between selected edible fruits and their leaves. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Pragya P, Shukla AK, Murthy RC, Abdin MZ, Kar Chowdhuri D. Over-expression of superoxide dismutase ameliorates Cr(VI) induced adverse effects via modulating cellular immune system of Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88181. [PMID: 24505420 PMCID: PMC3913750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved innate immune system plays critical role for maintaining the health of an organism. However, a number of environmental chemicals including metals are known to exert adverse effects on immune system. The present study assessed the in vivo effect of a major environmental chemical, Cr(VI), on cellular immune response using Drosophila melanogaster and subsequently the protective role of superoxide dismutase (SOD) based on the comparable performance of the tested anti-oxidant enzymes. The immuno-modulatory potential of Cr(VI) was demonstrated by observing a significant reduction in the total hemocyte count along with impaired phagocytic activity in exposed organism. Concurrently, a significant increase in the percentage of Annexin V-FITC positive cells, activation of DEVDase activity, generation of free radical species along with inhibition of anti-oxidant enzyme activities was observed in the hemocytes of exposed organism. In addition, we have shown that ONOO(-) is primarily responsible for Cr(VI) induced adverse effects on Drosophila hemocytes along with O2(-). While generation of O2(-)/ONOO(-) in Cr(VI) exposed Drosophila hemocytes was found to be responsible for the suppression of Drosophila cellular immune response, Cr(VI) induced alteration was significantly reduced by the over-expression of sod in Drosophila hemocytes. Overall, our results suggest that manipulation of one of the anti-oxidant genes, sod, benefits the organism from Cr(VI) induced alteration in cellular immunity. Further, this study demonstrates the applicability of D. melanogaster to examine the possible effects of environmental chemicals on innate immunity which can be extrapolated to higher organisms due to evolutionary conservation of innate immune system between Drosophila and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Pragya
- Embryotoxicology Section, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Shukla
- Embryotoxicology Section, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra Murthy
- Analytical Section, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Debapratim Kar Chowdhuri
- Embryotoxicology Section, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Patial V, Asrani RK, Patil RD, Ledoux DR, Rottinghaus GE. Pathology of Ochratoxin A–Induced Nephrotoxicity in Japanese Quail and Its Protection by Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoidesL.). Avian Dis 2013; 57:767-79. [PMID: 24597120 DOI: 10.1637/10549-040913-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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23
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Podder B, Kim YS, Song HY. Cytoprotective effect of bioactive sea buckthorn extract on paraquat-exposed A549 cells via induction of Nrf2 and its downstream genes. Mol Med Rep 2013; 8:1852-60. [PMID: 24141985 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The extract of sea buckthorn (SBT) [Hippophae rhamnoides L. (Elaeagnaceae)], is used as a food supplement and traditional medicine in numerous countries. This study investigated the protective effects of the functional extract of SBT against paraquat (PQ)-induced toxicity via antioxidant mechanisms in A549 cells. The methanol extract of SBT (25-200 µg/ml) was used to protect cells against PQ (200 µM)-induced cell death. A viability assay was conducted using 3-(4,5-dimethylthioazol-2-ly)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Total intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured and plotted. For validation of the SBT-induced expression of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its target genes, western blot analysis and qPCR were performed. The present study showed that pretreatment of A549 cells with SBT extract significantly attenuated PQ (200 µM)-induced cellular toxicity. The maximum cytoprotective effect was identified using 200 µg/ml SBT extract; it began 24 h following exposure and was sustained up to 120 h (P<0.05). SBT extract significantly reduced LDH activity by 35.63% and ROS levels by 30.90% (P<0.05). Pretreatment with SBT extract activated Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression and its nuclear translocation. The SBT extract effectively induced Nrf2 target genes, such as NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1, glutathione peroxidase 1, glutathione reductase and catalase following treatment with PQ. Based on these results, it was hypothesized that SBT extract may be used as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of various oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Podder
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-721, Republic of Korea
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Pichiah PT, Moon HJ, Park JE, Moon YJ, Cha YS. Ethanolic extract of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L) prevents high-fat diet–induced obesity in mice through down-regulation of adipogenic and lipogenic gene expression. Nutr Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2012.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dhanze H, Khurana S, Mane B. Effect of Seabuckthorn Leaf Extract on Microbiological Quality of Raw Chicken during Extended Periods of Storage. J FOOD QUALITY 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/jfq.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Himani Dhanze
- Department of Veterinary Public Health; College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences; Choudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya; Palampur Himachal Pradesh India
| | - S.K. Khurana
- Department of Veterinary Public Health; College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences; Choudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya; Palampur Himachal Pradesh India
| | - B.G. Mane
- Department of Livestock Products Technology; College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences; Choudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya; Palampur 176062 Himachal Pradesh India
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Dulf FV. Fatty acids in berry lipids of six sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L., subspecies carpatica) cultivars grown in Romania. Chem Cent J 2012; 6:106. [PMID: 22995716 PMCID: PMC3505179 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-6-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A systematic mapping of the phytochemical composition of different sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruit subspecies is still lacking. No data relating to the fatty acid composition of main lipid fractions from the berries of ssp. carpatica (Romania) have been previously reported. Results The fatty acid composition of the total lipids (oils) and the major lipid fractions (PL, polar lipids; FFA, free fatty acids; TAG, triacylglycerols and SE, sterol esters) of the oils extracted from different parts of six sea buckthorn berry subspecies (ssp. carpatica) cultivated in Romania were investigated using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The dominating fatty acids in pulp/peel and whole berry oils were palmitic (23-40%), oleic (20-53%) and palmitoleic (11-27%). In contrast to the pulp oils, seed oils had higher amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (65-72%). The fatty acid compositions of TAGs were very close to the compositions of corresponding seed and pulp oils. The major fatty acids in PLs of berry pulp/peel oils were oleic (20-40%), palmitic (17-27%), palmitoleic (10-22%) and linoleic (10%-20%) acids, whereas in seeds PLs, PUFAs prevailed. Comparing with the other lipid fractions the SEs had the highest contents of saturated fatty acids (SFAs). The fatty acid profiles of the FFA fractions were relatively similar to those of TAGs. Conclusions All parts of the analyzed sea buckthorn berry cultivars (ssp. carpatica) exhibited higher oil content then the other European or Asiatic sea buckthorn subspecies. Moreover, the pulp/peel oils of ssp. carpatica were found to contain high levels of oleic acid and slightly lower amounts of linoleic and α-linolenic acids. The studied cultivars of sea buckthorn from Romania have proven to be potential sources of valuable oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisc V Dulf
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, 400372, Romania.
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Maurya A, Khan F, Bawankule DU, Yadav DK, Srivastava SK. QSAR, docking and in vivo studies for immunomodulatory activity of isolated triterpenoids from Eucalyptus tereticornis and Gentiana kurroo. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012; 47:152-61. [PMID: 22659375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Two triterpenoids ursolic acid (1) and lupeol (2) isolated and characterized from Eucalyptus tereticornis and Gentiana kurroo were subjected to in silico QSAR modeling and docking studies and later the predicted results were confirmed through in vivo experiments. QSAR modeling results showed that both the triterpenoids possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity comparable to boswellic and cichoric acids, but were less active than levamisol. Docking results suggested that both the triterpenoids (1 and 2) showed immune modulatory and anti-inflammatory activity due to high binding affinity to human receptors viz., NF-kappaB p52 (-50.549 kcal/mol), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) (-47.632 kcal/mol), nuclear factor NF-Kappa-B P50 (-16.798 kcal/mol) and cyclooxygenase-2 (-55.244 kcal/mol). Further both the triterpenoids (1 and 2) were subjected to in vivo immunomodulatory activity in female Swiss albino mice. The experimental mice were divided into nine groups, each comprised of six mice. These received oral treatment for a period of 28 days. The triterpenoids (1 and 2) showed significant increased in humoral immune function, but no significant changes were observed in cell mediated immune response and hematological parameters. The in silico and in vivo experimental data suggested that both the triterpenoids 1 and 2 may be considered as potential immunomodulatory drug-like molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Maurya
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226 015, India
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Suryakumar G, Gupta A. Medicinal and therapeutic potential of Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 138:268-78. [PMID: 21963559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL CONTEXT: This review explores the medicinal and therapeutic applications of Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) in curtailing different types of acute as well as chronic maladies. The plant is being used in different parts of the world for its nutritional and medicinal properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sea buckthorn based preparations have been extensively exploited in folklore treatment of slow digestion, stomach malfunctioning, cardiovascular problems, liver injury, tendon and ligament injuries, skin diseases and ulcers. In the recent years, medicinal and pharmacological activities of Sea buckthorn have been well investigated using various in vitro and in vivo models as well as limited clinical trials. RESULTS Sea buckthorn has been scientifically analyzed and many of its traditional uses have been established using several biochemical and pharmacological studies. Various pharmacological activities such as cytoprotective, anti-stress, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, radioprotective, anti-atherogenic, anti-tumor, anti-microbial and tissue regeneration have been reported. CONCLUSION It is clear that Sea buckthorn is an important plant because of its immense medicinal and therapeutic potential. However, several knowledge gaps identified in this paper would give impetus to new academic and R&D activities especially for the development of Sea buckthorn based herbal medicine and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Suryakumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110 054, India.
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Adjroud O. Protective effects of selenium against potassium dichromate-induced hematotoxicity in female and male Wistar albino rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1051/ata/2010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Upadhyay NK, Yogendra Kumar M, Gupta A. Antioxidant, cytoprotective and antibacterial effects of Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) leaves. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:3443-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Revised: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Thejass P, Kuttan G. Immunomodulatory activity of Sulforaphane, a naturally occurring isothiocyanate from broccoli (Brassica oleracea). PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 14:538-45. [PMID: 17084602 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2006.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Sulforaphane on the immune system was studied using BALB/c mice. Intraperitoneal administration of five doses of Sulforaphane (500 microg/dose/animal/day) was found to enhance the total WBC count (12,950 cells/mm3) on 9th day. Bone marrow cellularity (23 x 10(6) cells/femur) and number of alpha-esterase positive cells (1346.66/4000 cells) were also increased by the administration of Sulforaphane. Treatment with Sulforaphane along with the antigen, sheep red blood cells (SRBC), produced an enhancement in the circulating antibody titre and the number of plaque forming cells (PFC) in the spleen. Maximum number of PFC (315.83 PFC/10(6) spleen cells) was obtained on the 6th day. Administration of Sulforaphane also showed an enhancement in the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages. Moreover administration of Sulforaphane significantly reduced the elevated level of TNF-alpha production by LPS stimulated macrophages. These results indicate the immunomodulatory activity of Sulforaphane.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Thejass
- Department of Immunology, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala State 680555, India
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