1
|
Syringic Acid Ameliorates Cardiac, Hepatic, Renal and Neuronal Damage Induced by Chronic Hyperglycaemia in Wistar Rats: A Behavioural, Biochemical and Histological Analysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196722. [PMID: 36235257 PMCID: PMC9573038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of syringic acid (SA) on renal, cardiac, hepatic, and neuronal diabetic complications in streptozotocin-induced neonatal (nSTZ) diabetic rats. STZ (110 mg/kg i.p) was injected into Wistar rat neonates as a split dose (second and third postnatal day). Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in adults by measuring fasting blood glucose levels, urine volume, and food and water intake. The treatment of SA (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg p.o) was given from the 8th to 18th postnatal week. To assess the development of diabetic complications and the effect of therapy, biochemical indicators in serum and behavioural parameters were recorded at specific intervals during the study period. SA (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg p.o) treatment reduced hyperglycaemia, polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, relative organ weight, cardiac hypertrophic indices, inflammatory markers, cell injury markers, glycated haemoglobin, histopathological score, and oxidative stress, and increased Na/K ATPase activity. These findings suggest that SA might significantly alleviate diabetic complications and/or renal, neuronal, cardiac, and hepatic damage in nSTZ diabetic rats.
Collapse
|
2
|
Bora VR, Gohel D, Singh R, Patel BM. Evaluation of selected antidiabetics in cardiovascular complications associated with cancer cachexia. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 478:807-820. [PMID: 36098898 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
So far, the cardio-protective potential of antidiabetics is proved, but their effect on cardiovascular complications associated with cancer cachexia is not explored until now. Insulin resistance and glucose intolerance along with systemic inflammation are prominent in cachexia but the potential effect of antidiabetic agents especially those belonging to biguanide, DPP4 inhibitors and SGLT2 on the heart are not studied till now. In present study, the effect of metformin, vildagliptin, teneligliptin, dapagliflozin and empagliflozin on cardiovascular complications associated with cancer cachexia by using B16F1 induced metastatic cancer cachexia and urethane-induced cancer cachexia was studied. These antidiabetic agents proved to be beneficial against cachexia-induced atrophy of the heart, preserved ventricular weights, maintained cardiac hypertrophic index, preserved the wasting of cardiac muscles assessed by HE staining, Masson trichrome staining, periodic acid Schiff staining and picro-Sirius red staining. Altered cardiac gene expression was attenuated after treatment with selected antidiabetics, thus preventing cardiac atrophy. Also, antidiabetic agents treatment improved the serum creatinine kinase MB, Sodium potassium ATPase and collagen in the heart. Reduction in blood pressure and heart rate was observed after treatment with antidiabetic agents. Results of our study show that the selected antidiabetics prove to be beneficial in attenuating the cardiac atrophy and helps in regulation of hemodynamic stauts in cancer cachexia-induced cardiovascular complications. Our study provides some direction towards use of selected antidiabetic agents in the management of cardiovascular complications associated with cancer cachexia and the study outcomes can be useful in desiging clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek R Bora
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej- Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India
| | - Dhruv Gohel
- Department of Biochemistry, M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Bhoomika M Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej- Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bora V, Patel D, Johar K, Goyal RK, Patel BM. Systemic study of selected histone deacetylase inhibitors in cardiac complications associated with cancer cachexia. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:240-251. [PMID: 34614370 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is mainly characterized by wasting of skeletal muscles and fat and body weight loss, along with severe complications of major organs like liver, heart, brain and bone. There can be diminishing performance of these major organs as cancer cachexia progresses, one such drastic effect on the cardiac system. In the present study, differential effect of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) on cardiac complications associated with cancer cachexia is studied. Two models were used to induce cancer cachexia: B16F1 induced metastatic cancer cachexia and Lewis lung carcinoma cell - induced cancer cachexia. Potential of Class I HDACi entinostat, Class II HDACi MC1568, and nonspecific HDACi sodium butyrate on cardiac complications were evaluated using the cardiac hypertrophy markers, hemodynamic markers, and cardiac markers along with histopathological evaluation of heart sections by Periodic acid-Schiff staining, Masson's trichrome staining, Picro-sirius red staining, and haematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemistry evaluation by vimentin and caspase 3 protein expression was evaluated. Entinostat showed promising results by attenuating the cardiac complications, and MC1568 treatment further exacerbated the cardiac complications, while non-conclusive effect were recorded after treatment with sodium butyrate. This study will be helpful in evaluating other HDACi for potential in cardiac complications associated with cancer cachexia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Bora
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Dhwani Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Kaid Johar
- Department of Zoology, BMTC, Human Genetics, USSC, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Ramesh K Goyal
- Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences Research University, Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Bhoomika M Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cardiac Complications: The Understudied Aspect of Cancer Cachexia. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:254-267. [PMID: 35171467 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09727-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The global burden of cancer cachexia is increasing along with drastic increase in cancer patients. Cancer itself leads to cachexia, and cachexia development is associated with events like altered hemodynamics, and reduced functional capacity of the heart among others which lead to failure of the heart and are called cardiovascular complications associated with cancer cachexia. In some patients, the anti-cancer therapy also leads to this cardiovascular complications. So, in this review, an attempt is made to understand the mechanisms, pathophysiology of cardiovascular events in cachectic patients. Important processes which cause cardiovascular complications include alterations in the structure of the heart, loss of cardiac mass and functioning, cardiac fibrosis and cardiac remodeling, apoptosis, cardiac muscle atrophy, and mitochondrial alterations. Previously, the available treatment options were limited to nutraceuticals and physical exercise. Recently, studies with some prospective agents that can improve cardiac health have been reported, but whether their action is effective in cardiovascular complications associated with cancer cachexia is not known or are under trial.
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu T, Cui L, Xue H, Yang X, Liu M, Zhi L, Yang H, Liu Z, Zhang M, Guo Q, He P, Liu Y, Zhang Y. Telmisartan Potentiates Insulin Secretion via Ion Channels, Independent of the AT1 Receptor and PPARγ. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:739637. [PMID: 34594226 PMCID: PMC8477257 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.739637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor blockers (ARBs), as antihypertensive drugs, have drawn attention for their benefits to individuals with diabetes and prediabetes. However, the direct effects of ARBs on insulin secretion remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the insulinotropic effect of ARBs and the underlying electrophysiological mechanism. We found that only telmisartan among the three ARBs (telmisartan, valsartan, and irbesartan) exhibited an insulin secretagogue role in rat islets. Independent of AT1 receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), telmisartan exerted effects on ion channels including voltage-dependent potassium (Kv) channels and L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) to promote extracellular Ca2+ influx, thereby potentiating insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we identified that telmisartan directly inhibited Kv2.1 channel on a Chinese hamster ovary cell line with Kv2.1 channel overexpression. Acute exposure of db/db mice to a telmisartan dose equivalent to therapeutic doses in humans resulted in lower blood glucose and increased plasma insulin concentration in OGTT. We further observed the telmisartan-induced insulinotropic and electrophysiological effects on pathological pancreatic islets or β-cells isolated from db/db mice. Collectively, our results establish an important insulinotropic function of telmisartan distinct from other ARBs in the treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital (Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University), Taiyuan, China
| | - Lijuan Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huan Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaohua Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Linping Zhi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huanhuan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Peifeng He
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Naguib YM, Samaka RM, Rizk MS, Ameen O, Motawea SM. Countering adipose tissue dysfunction could underlie the superiority of telmisartan in the treatment of obesity-related hypertension. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:70. [PMID: 33761942 PMCID: PMC7988926 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of hypertension and obesity has increased significantly in recent decades. Hypertension and obesity often coexist, and both are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Obese hypertensive patients usually require special anti-hypertensive treatment strategy due to the increased risk of treatment resistance. Molecules that can target both obesity and hypertension underlying pathologies should get more attention. Herein, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of telmisartan, with special interest in visceral adipose tissue dysfunction, in obesity-related hypertension rat model. METHODS Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 150-200 g were equally divided into: 1-Control group (fed normal laboratory diet for 24 weeks), 2-Diet-induced obesity group (DIO, fed high fat diet for 24 weeks), and 3-Diet-induced obesity treated with telmisartan group (DIO + Tel, fed high fat diet and received telmisartan for 24 weeks). At the end of the study, anthropometrical parameters were evaluated. Systolic blood pressure and heart rate were measured. Blood samples were collected for the measurement of serum lipids, adipokines, cardiac, renal, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers. Kidneys were removed and used for histopathological studies, and visceral adipose tissue was utilized for histopathological, immunohistochemical and RT-PCR studies. RESULTS High fat diet resulted in obesity-related changes in anthropometrical parameters, elevation of blood pressure, increase in heart rate, higher serum levels of cardiac, inflammatory and kidney function biomarkers, with altered serum lipids, adipokines and oxidative stress markers. Morphological changes (H&E and PAS-stained sections) were noticed in kidneys and visceral adipose tissue. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR studies confirmed adipose tissue dysfunction and over-expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress proteins. Telmisartan countered obesity-induced alterations in cardiovascular, renal, and adipose tissue functions. CONCLUSION Adipose tissue dysfunction could be the core pathophysiology of obesity-related hypertension. Besides its anti-hypertensive effect, telmisartan had profound actions on visceral adipose tissue structure and function. Attention should be given to polymodal molecules targeting adipose tissue-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahya M Naguib
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
- Clinical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
| | - Rehab M Samaka
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Rizk
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Omnia Ameen
- Clinical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa M Motawea
- Clinical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yehya YM, Hussein AM, Ezam K, Eid EA, Ibrahim EM, Sarhan MAFE, Elsayed A, Sarhan ME. Blockade of Renin Angiotensin System Ameliorates the Cardiac Arrhythmias and Sympathetic Neural Remodeling in Hearts of Type 2 DM Rat Model. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:464-478. [PMID: 31544705 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190809150921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to investigate the effects of renin angiotensin system (RAS) blockade on cardiac arrhythmias and sympathetic nerve remodelling in heart tissues of type 2 diabetic rats. METHODS Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 4 equal groups; a) normal control group: normal rats, b) DM group; after type 2 diabetes induction, rats received 2ml oral saline daily for 4 weeks, c) DM+ ACEi: after type 2 diabetes induction, rats were treated with enalapril (10 mg/kg, orally for 4 weeks) and d) DM+ ARBs: after type 2 diabetes induction, rats were treated with losartan (30 mg/kg, orally for 4 weeks). RESULTS In type 2 diabetic rats, the results demonstrated significant prolongation in Q-T interval and elevation of blood sugar, HOMA-IR index, TC, TGs, LDL, serum CK-MB, myocardial damage, myocardial MDA, myocardial norepinephrine and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) density with significant reduction in serum HDL, serum insulin and myocardial GSH and CAT. On the other hand, blockade of RAS at the level of either ACE by enalapril or angiotensin (Ag) receptors by losartan resulted in significant improvement in ECG parameters (Q-T), cardiac enzymes (CK-MB), cardiac morphology, myocardial oxidative stress (low MDA, high CAT and GSH) and myocardial TH density. CONCLUSION RAS plays a role in the cardiac sympathetic nerve sprouting and cardiac arrhythmias induced by type 2 DM and its blockade might have a cardioprotective effect via attenuation of sympathetic nerve fibres remodelling, myocardial norepinephrine contents and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yomna M Yehya
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz M Hussein
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Khaled Ezam
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Elsayed A Eid
- Department of internal Medicine and endocrinology, Delta University, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Eman M Ibrahim
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A F E Sarhan
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Aya Elsayed
- Medical Experimental Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Sarhan
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Heart failure is a worldwide pandemic influencing 26 million individuals worldwide and is expanding. Imbalanced redox homeostasis in cardiac cells alters the structure and function of the cells, which leads to contractile dysfunction, myocardial hypertrophy, and fibrosis in chronic heart failure. Various targets and agents acting on these such as siRNA, miRNA, interleukin-1, opioids, vasodilators, and SGLT2 inhibitors are being evaluated for heart failure, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is one of them. NRF2 is a master transcription factor which is expressed in most of the tissues and exhibits a major role in amplification of the antioxidant pathways associated with the enzymes present in myocardium. Increased ROS generation and PI3K-Akt signaling can activate the receptor NRF2. Various in vitro and in vivo and few clinical studies suggested NRF2 may possess a potential for targeting oxidative stress-induced cardiovascular diseases including heart failures. All these studies collectively propose that upregulation of NRF2 will attenuate the increase in hemodynamic stress and provide beneficial role in cardiovascular diseases. The current review shall familiarize readers about the regulations and functions of NRF2. We have also discussed the current evidences suggesting beneficial role of NRF2 activators in heart failure. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
|
9
|
Beneficial Effect of Silymarin in Pressure Overload Induced Experimental Cardiac Hypertrophy. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2018; 19:23-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-018-9470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
10
|
Patel MM, Patel BM. Repurposing of sodium valproate in colon cancer associated with diabetes mellitus: Role of HDAC inhibition. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 121:188-199. [PMID: 29852291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diabetic patients are at greater risk for colon cancer. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) serve as common target for both. The key objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of sodium valproate in type 2 diabetes mellitus associated colon cancer. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH High fat diet and streptozotocin were used to induce type 2 diabetes. Following this, after diabetes confirmation, colon cancer was induced using 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (25 mg/kg, s.c.) once weekly from 7th week to 20th weeks. Sodium valproate (200 mg/kg) treatment was given from 20th to 24th week. At the end of 24 weeks, several enzymatic and biochemical parameters, were estimated. MTT, clonogenic and scratch wound healing assay were carried out in HCT-15 cell line. KEY RESULTS Hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, increase in cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) and carcinoembryonic antigen and presence of proliferating cells was seen in disease control animals which was prevented by sodium valproate treatment. Overexpression of relative HDAC2 mRNA levels was found in diseased control animals, which was reduced by sodium valproate treatment. IC50 of sodium valproate was found to be 3.40 mM and 3.73 mM at 48 h and 72 h respectively on HCT-15 cell line. Sodium valproate also dose dependently prevented colony formation and cell migration. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Sodium valproate can be considered for repurposing in colon cancer associated with diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayur M Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India.
| | - Bhoomika M Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Taguchi K, Bessho N, Hasegawa M, Narimatsu H, Matsumoto T, Kobayashi T. Co-treatment with clonidine and a GRK2 inhibitor prevented rebound hypertension and endothelial dysfunction after withdrawal in diabetes. Hypertens Res 2018; 41:263-274. [DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
12
|
Rabadiya S, Bhadada S, Dudhrejiya A, Vaishnav D, Patel B. Magnesium valproate ameliorates type 1 diabetes and cardiomyopathy in diabetic rats through estrogen receptors. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:919-927. [PMID: 29136770 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is known to exhibit cardioprotective and antihyperlipidemic action. Valproic acid has been shown to upregulate estrogen receptors (ERs) in breast and prostate cancer tissues. No pharmacological evaluations for magnesium valproate (MgV) so far have been done for diabetic cadio-lipidemic complications. Based on the above context, current study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of MgV in cardiac complications associated with type-1 diabetes mellitus in rats wherein diabetes was induced by single tail vein injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 45mg/kg, IV) in female Sprague Dawley rats and treatment of MgV (210mg/kg, PO) was given for eight weeks to diabetic animals, after which, various biochemical and cardiac biomarkers, hypertrophic, hemodynamic and histological parameters along with immunohistochemistry of ERs in the left ventricle (LV) were estimated. MgV treatment significantly controlled hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, reduced elevated cardiac biomarkers and C-reactive protein(CRP), significantly improved hemodynamic functions and increased the rate of pressure development and decay. MgV also significantly reduced left ventricular hypertrophy index and cardiac hypertrophy index, LV wall thickness, LV collagen, cardiomyocyte diameter and prevented the oxidative stress with significant increase in Na+-K+-ATPase activity in LV. Moreover, MgV reversed STZ-induced histological alterations and decreased glycogen content in LV and increased the ERβ expressions in LV as evidenced by immunohistochemistry. The result indicated that MgV prevented disease progression in the early stage of diabetic cardiomyopathy which seems to be mediated by upregulation of estrogen receptors in LV tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Rabadiya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Shradhha Bhadada
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashvin Dudhrejiya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Devendra Vaishnav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhoomika Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
Raghunathan S, Goyal RK, Patel BM. Selective inhibition of HDAC2 by magnesium valproate attenuates cardiac hypertrophy. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 95:260-267. [PMID: 28177689 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The regulatory paradigm in cardiac hypertrophy involves alterations in gene expression that is mediated by chromatin remodeling. Various data suggest that class I and class II histone deacetylases (HDACs) play opposing roles in the regulation of hypertrophic pathways. To address this, we tested the effect of magnesium valproate (MgV), an HDAC inhibitor with 5 times more potency on class I HDACs. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by partial abdominal aortic constriction in Wistar rats, and at the end of 6 weeks, we evaluated hypertrophic, hemodynamic, and oxidative stress parameters, and mitochondrial DNA concentration. Treatment with MgV prevented cardiac hypertrophy, improved hemodynamic functions, prevented oxidative stress, and increased mitochondrial DNA concentration. MgV treatment also increased the survival rate of the animals as depicted by the Kaplan-Meier curve. Improvement in hypertrophy due to HDAC inhibition was further confirmed by HDAC mRNA expression studies, which revealed that MgV decreases expression of pro-hypertrophic HDAC (i.e., HDAC2) without altering the expression of anti-hypertrophic HDAC5. Selective class I HDAC inhibition is required for controlling cardiac hypertrophy. Newer HDAC inhibitors that are class I inhibitors and class II promoters can be designed to obtain "pan" or "dual" natural HDAC "regulators".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramesh K Goyal
- b Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences Research University, Delhi, India
| | - Bhoomika M Patel
- a Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shah NR, Patel BM. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside rich extract of L. usitatissimum prevents diabetic colon cancer through inhibition of CDK4. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:733-739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
16
|
Michel MC, Brunner HR, Foster C, Huo Y. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists in animal models of vascular, cardiac, metabolic and renal disease. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 164:1-81. [PMID: 27130806 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have reviewed the effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists (ARBs) in various animal models of hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiac function, hypertrophy and fibrosis, glucose and lipid metabolism, and renal function and morphology. Those of azilsartan and telmisartan have been included comprehensively whereas those of other ARBs have been included systematically but without intention of completeness. ARBs as a class lower blood pressure in established hypertension and prevent hypertension development in all applicable animal models except those with a markedly suppressed renin-angiotensin system; blood pressure lowering even persists for a considerable time after discontinuation of treatment. This translates into a reduced mortality, particularly in models exhibiting marked hypertension. The retrieved data on vascular, cardiac and renal function and morphology as well as on glucose and lipid metabolism are discussed to address three main questions: 1. Can ARB effects on blood vessels, heart, kidney and metabolic function be explained by blood pressure lowering alone or are they additionally directly related to blockade of the renin-angiotensin system? 2. Are they shared by other inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, e.g. angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors? 3. Are some effects specific for one or more compounds within the ARB class? Taken together these data profile ARBs as a drug class with unique properties that have beneficial effects far beyond those on blood pressure reduction and, in some cases distinct from those of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. The clinical relevance of angiotensin receptor-independent effects of some ARBs remains to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Michel
- Dept. Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Dept. Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim, Germany.
| | | | - Carolyn Foster
- Retiree from Dept. of Research Networking, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Yong Huo
- Dept. Cardiology & Heart Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sukumaran S, Patel HJ, Patel BM. Evaluation of role of telmisartan in combination with 5-fluorouracil in gastric cancer cachexia. Life Sci 2016; 154:15-23. [PMID: 27117583 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of combination of telmisartan with 5-flourouracil (5-FU) in gastric cancer cachexia induced by administering N-methyl-N'-methyl-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). METHOD MNND was administered once daily by oral gavage for two weeks, and saturated NaCl (1ml per rat) was then given once every 3days for 4weeks. 5-FU (75mg/kg, i.v.) was administered once three weeks from 7th to 22nd week. From 7th to 22nd week, telmisartan (5mg/kg, p.o.) was also administered along with 5-FU. RESULT MNNG produced significant decrease in food intake, body weight, caused hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension worsened hemodyanamics, increased cachexia markers and increased tumor markers like lactate dehydrogenase and γ-glutamyltransferase. MNNG also produced oxidative stress in the stomach tissue. Treatment with combination of telmisartan with 5-FU produced significant increase in food intake and body weight, controlled hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, preserved hemodynamic function, and decreased the cachexia markers while 5-FU alone did not produce any such effects. Further, the combination of telmisartan with 5-FU significantly reduced tumor marker levels, oxidative stress and also significantly decreased the cell proliferation, apoptosis, hyperkeratosis, keratohyaline granules and invasive carcinoma of forestomach and reduced muscle atrophy in tibilias anterior skeletal muscle. CONCLUSION Our data suggests that combination of telmisartan with 5-FU treatment is beneficial in controlling cancer cachexia. Telmisartan can be used as an add-on therapy with 5-FU or other traditional chemotherapeutic agents.
Collapse
|
18
|
Amaral LSDB, Silva FA, Correia VB, Andrade CEF, Dutra BA, Oliveira MV, de Magalhães ACM, Volpini RA, Seguro AC, Coimbra TM, Soares TDJ. Beneficial effects of previous exercise training on renal changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic female rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 241:437-45. [PMID: 26490345 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215609696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of aerobic exercise performed both previously and after the induction of diabetes mellitus on changes of renal function and structure in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Female wistar rats were divided into five groups: sedentary control (C + Se); trained control (C + Ex); sedentary diabetic (D + Se); trained diabetic (D + Ex) and previously trained diabetic (D + PEx). The previous exercise consisted of treadmill running for four weeks before the induction of diabetes mellitus. After induction of diabetes mellitus with streptozotocin, the D + PEx, D + Ex and C + Ex groups were submitted to eight weeks of aerobic exercise. At the end of the training protocol, we evaluate the serum glucose, insulin and 17β-estradiol levels, renal function and structure, proteinuria, and fibronectin, collagen IV and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) renal expressions. Induction of diabetes mellitus reduced the insulin and did not alter 17β-estradiol levels, and exercise did not affect any of these parameters. Previous exercise training attenuated the loss of body weight, the blood glucose, the increase of glomerular filtration rate and prevented the proteinuria in the D + PEx group compared to D + Se group. Previous exercise also reduced glomerular hypertrophy, tubular and glomerular injury, as well as the expressions of fibronectin and collagen IV. These expressions were associated with reduced expression of TGF-β1. In conclusion, our study shows that regular aerobic exercise especially performed previously to induction of diabetes mellitus improved metabolic control and has renoprotective action on the diabetic kidney.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliany S de Brito Amaral
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brazil. Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas
| | - Fernanda A Silva
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brazil. Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas
| | - Vicente B Correia
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brazil. Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas
| | - Clara E F Andrade
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brazil. Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas
| | - Bárbara A Dutra
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brazil. Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas
| | - Márcio V Oliveira
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brazil. Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas
| | - Amélia C M de Magalhães
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brazil. Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas
| | - Rildo A Volpini
- Departamento de Nefrologia, Laboratório de Pesquisa Básica-LIM12, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Seguro
- Departamento de Nefrologia, Laboratório de Pesquisa Básica-LIM12, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Terezila M Coimbra
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Telma de J Soares
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094, Brazil. Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gupta SK, Dongare S, Mathur R, Mohanty IR, Srivastava S, Mathur S, Nag TC. Genistein ameliorates cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 408:63-72. [PMID: 26092427 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of genistein against cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ) (45 mg/kg body weight)-induced diabetic rats. genistein (300 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for 24 weeks to STZ-induced diabetic rats. The effects of genistein on blood glucose, % glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor (TNF- α), transforming growth factor (TGF-β1), and total antioxidant were studied. Ultrastructural and histopathological assessment of injury were also undertaken using transmission electron microscope. STZ-induced diabetes resulted in significant increase in the levels of blood glucose, HbA1c, C-reactive protein, TNF- α and TGF-β1, and a decline in total antioxidant reserve of the myocardium. Administration of genistein to diabetic rats resulted in a decrease in blood glucose (p < 0.001), % HbA1c (p < 0.0001), C-reactive protein (p < 0.001), and expression of TNF- α (p < 0.001) and TGF-β1 (p < 0.0001) proteins. In addition, genistein treatment results in augmentation of total antioxidant (p < 0.01) reserve of the hearts. The above findings were supported by histological as well as immunohistochemical localization of NF-κB (p65) in the heart. Genistein treatment ameliorated the ultrastructural degenerative changes in the cardiac tissues as compared to the diabetic control. The result demonstrates that genistein restored the integrity of the diabetic myocardium by virtue of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh K Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pushp Vihar, Sec. -3, New Delhi, 110017, India.
| | - Shirish Dongare
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pushp Vihar, Sec. -3, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Rajani Mathur
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pushp Vihar, Sec. -3, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | | | - Sushma Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pushp Vihar, Sec. -3, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Sandeep Mathur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tapas C Nag
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rayabarapu N, Patel BM. Beneficial role of tamoxifen in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 92:849-57. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2013-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
ER-α and ER-β agonist 17β-estradiol is reported to attenuate cardiac hypertrophy. Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator. Hence, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of tamoxifen in myocardial infarction. For this, tamoxifen was administered to Sprague–Dawley rats for 1–14 days, and isoproterenol (ISO) (100 mg·(kg body mass)−1·day−1) was administered subcutaneously on the 13th and 14th days of the study in order to induce myocardial infarction, after which, various biochemical, cardiac, and morphometric parameters were evaluated. ISO produced significant dyslipidemia, hypertension, bradycardia, oxidative stress, and an increase in serum cardiac markers. Treatment with tamoxifen significantly controlled dyslipidemia, hypertension, bradycardia, oxidative stress, and reduced serum cardiac markers. The ISO control rats exhibited significant increases in the infarct size of the left ventricle (LV), LV cavity area, cardiac and LV hypertrophic indices, LV-wall thickness, cardiomyocyte diameter, and area. Treatment with tamoxifen significantly reduced infarction as well as hypertrophic and morphometric parameters. ISO also produced significant increases in the LV collagen level, decreases in Na+K+ATPase activity, and a reduction in the rate of pressure development and decay, which were prevented by tamoxifen treatment. The protective effect of tamoxifen on myocardial infarct was further confirmed by histopathological examination. Our data thus suggest that tamoxifen exerts beneficial effects in ISO-induced myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nihar Rayabarapu
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad 382 481, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhoomika M. Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad 382 481, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Patel BM, Desai VJ. Beneficial role of tamoxifen in experimentally induced cardiac hypertrophy. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:264-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
22
|
Combination of telmisartan with cisplatin controls oral cancer cachexia in rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:642848. [PMID: 24381940 PMCID: PMC3870111 DOI: 10.1155/2013/642848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present investigation was to study the effect of combination of telmisartan with cisplatin in oral cancer cachexia induced by applying 0.5% 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) in propylene glycol to tongue, thrice a week for 8 weeks. From 8th to 22nd week, cisplatin (0.23 mg/kg, i.v.) was administered once in three weeks and telmisartan (5 mg/kg/day, p.o.) was administered daily. 4-NQO produced significant decrease in food intake, body weight, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and bradycardia, worsened hemodyanamics, increased cachexia markers like insulin, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6, and increased tumor markers like lactate dehydrogenase and γ-glutamyl transferase.Treatment with combination of telmisartan with cisplatin produced significant increase in food intake and body weight and controlled hyperglycaemia and dyslipidemia, preserved hemodynamic function, and decreased the cachexia markers while cisplatin alone did not produce any increase in food intake and body weight. Further, the combination of telmisartan with cisplatin significantly reduced tumor marker levels. Combination of telmisartan with cisplatin prevented 4-NQO induced oxidative stress, hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis, premalignant dysplasia, and invasive squamous cell carcinoma in the tongue. Our data suggests that combination of telmisartan with cisplatin treatment is beneficial in controlling cancer cachexia. Telmisartan can be used as an add-on therapy with cisplatin or other traditional chemotherapeutic agents.
Collapse
|
23
|
Patel BM, Bhadada SV. Type 2 diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications: comparative evaluation of spironolactone, atenolol, metoprolol, ramipril and perindopril. Clin Exp Hypertens 2013; 36:340-7. [DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2013.827699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
24
|
Guo Z, Zhang R, Li J, Xu G. Effect of telmisartan on the expression of adiponectin receptors and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in the heart and aorta in type 2 diabetic rats. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2012; 11:94. [PMID: 22873349 PMCID: PMC3471013 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-11-94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiovascular disease is associated with decreased adiponectin and increased oxidative stress. This study investigated the effect of telmisartan on the expression of adiponectin receptor 2 (adipoR2) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits in the heart and the expression of adiponectin receptor 1 (adipoR1) in aorta in type 2 diabetic rats. METHODS Type 2 diabetes was induced by high-fat and high-sugar diet and intraperitoneal injection of a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ). Heart function, adipoR2, p22phox, NOX4, glucose transporter 4(GLUT4), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)in the heart, and adipoR1, MCP-1 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in aorta were analyzed in controls and diabetic rats treated with or without telmisartan (5mg/kg/d) by gavage for 12 weeks. RESULTS Heart function, plasma and myocardial adiponectin levels, the expression of myocardial adipoR2 and GLUT4 were significantly decreased in diabetic rats (P <0.05). The expression of myocardial p22phox, NOX4, MCP-1, and CTGF was significantly increased in diabetic rats (P <0.05). The expression of adipoR1 was decreased and the expression of MCP-1 and NF-κB was increased in the abdominal aorta in diabetic rats (P <0.05). Telmisartan treatment significantly attenuated these changes in diabetic rats (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that telmisartan upregulates the expression of myocardial adiponectin, its receptor 2 and GLUT4. Simultaneously, it downregulates the expression of myocardial p22phox, NOX4, MCP-1, and CTGF, contributing so to the improvement of heart function in diabetic rats. Telmisartan also induces a protective role on the vascular system by upregulating the expression of adipoR1 and downregulating the expression of MCP-1 and NF-κB in the abdominal aorta in diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Perindopril protects against streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic myocardial damage/alterations. Hum Exp Toxicol 2012; 31:1132-43. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327112446817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
High blood pressure, obesity, abnormal lipid profile, which often coexist with diabetes, tend to be associated with preclinical cardiovascular abnormalities and may contribute to the association of diabetes with cardiovascular events. Many studies have proved that streptozotocin (STZ) is responsible for type-2-diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications. Long-term perindopril therapy in patients with hypertension and diabetes has been observed to correct carotid remodeling by reducing hypertrophy. We studied the effect of perindopril (1 mg/kg/d orally [po]) on cardiovascular complications in neonatal model of rats, which was induced by administering STZ (90 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [ip]), in 5-d-old wistar rats and cardiac hypertrophy induced by isoprenaline (ISO; 5 mg/kg, ip) for 10 d. Various biochemical, cardiac, and hemodynamic parameters were measured at the end of 8 weeks of treatment in diabetes model and 10 d in hypertrophy model. STZ produced hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, bradycardia, increased creatinine kinase (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase enzymes (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, cardiac hypertrophy, and oxidative stress. Chronic treatment with perindopril significantly prevented STZ-induced hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia and controlled dyslipdemia in diabetic rats. Further, perindopril produced a significant reduction in elevated levels of CRP, LDH, and CK. STZ-induced hypertension and bradycardia were also prevented by perindopril treatment. Perindopril also produced beneficial effect by preventing cardiac hypertrophy as evident from cardiac hypertrophy index and left ventricular hypertrophic index. Perindopril also prevented STZ-induced oxidative stress. Similar results were obtained in ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophic model, which confirms the beneficial role of perindopril in cardiac hypertrophy. In conclusion, our data from both studies suggest that perindopril produced beneficial effect on cardiac complications.
Collapse
|
26
|
Effects of telmisartan on C-reactive protein levels: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Cardiol 2012; 156:238-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.01.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
27
|
Goyal BR, Parmar K, Goyal RK, Mehta AA. Beneficial role of telmisartan on cardiovascular complications associated with STZ-induced type 2 diabetes in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2011; 63:956-66. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(11)70611-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
28
|
Matsumura T, Kinoshita H, Ishii N, Fukuda K, Motoshima H, Senokuchi T, Taketa K, Kawasaki S, Nishimaki-Mogami T, Kawada T, Nishikawa T, Araki E. Telmisartan Exerts Antiatherosclerotic Effects by Activating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ in Macrophages. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31:1268-75. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.222067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Telmisartan, an angiotensin type I receptor blocker (ARB), protects against the progression of atherosclerosis. Here, we investigated the molecular basis of the antiatherosclerotic effects of telmisartan in macrophages and apolipoprotein E–deficient mice.
Methods and Results—
In macrophages, telmisartan increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) activity and PPAR ligand-binding activity. In contrast, 3 other ARBs, losartan, valsartan, and olmesartan, did not affect PPARγ activity. Interestingly, high doses of telmisartan activated PPARα in macrophages. Telmisartan induced the mRNA expression of CD36 and ATP-binding cassette transporters A1 and G1 (ABCA1/G1), and these effects were abrogated by PPARγ small interfering RNA. Telmisartan, but not other ARBs, inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced mRNA expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α, and these effects were abrogated by PPARγ small interfering RNA. Moreover, telmisartan suppressed oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced macrophage proliferation through PPARγ activation. In apolipoprotein E
−/−
mice, telmisartan increased the mRNA expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1, decreased atherosclerotic lesion size, decreased the number of proliferative macrophages in the lesion, and suppressed MCP-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA expression in the aorta.
Conclusion—
Telmisartan induced ABCA1/ABCG1 expression and suppressed MCP-1 expression and macrophage proliferation by activating PPARγ. These effects may induce antiatherogenic effects in hypertensive patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Matsumura
- From the Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (T.M., H.K., N.I., K.F., H.M., T.S., K.T., S.K., T.N., E.A.); Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.-M.); Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Hiroyuki Kinoshita
- From the Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (T.M., H.K., N.I., K.F., H.M., T.S., K.T., S.K., T.N., E.A.); Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.-M.); Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Norio Ishii
- From the Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (T.M., H.K., N.I., K.F., H.M., T.S., K.T., S.K., T.N., E.A.); Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.-M.); Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Kazuki Fukuda
- From the Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (T.M., H.K., N.I., K.F., H.M., T.S., K.T., S.K., T.N., E.A.); Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.-M.); Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Hiroyuki Motoshima
- From the Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (T.M., H.K., N.I., K.F., H.M., T.S., K.T., S.K., T.N., E.A.); Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.-M.); Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Takafumi Senokuchi
- From the Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (T.M., H.K., N.I., K.F., H.M., T.S., K.T., S.K., T.N., E.A.); Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.-M.); Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Kayo Taketa
- From the Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (T.M., H.K., N.I., K.F., H.M., T.S., K.T., S.K., T.N., E.A.); Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.-M.); Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Shuji Kawasaki
- From the Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (T.M., H.K., N.I., K.F., H.M., T.S., K.T., S.K., T.N., E.A.); Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.-M.); Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Tomoko Nishimaki-Mogami
- From the Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (T.M., H.K., N.I., K.F., H.M., T.S., K.T., S.K., T.N., E.A.); Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.-M.); Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Teruo Kawada
- From the Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (T.M., H.K., N.I., K.F., H.M., T.S., K.T., S.K., T.N., E.A.); Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.-M.); Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Takeshi Nishikawa
- From the Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (T.M., H.K., N.I., K.F., H.M., T.S., K.T., S.K., T.N., E.A.); Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.-M.); Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Eiichi Araki
- From the Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (T.M., H.K., N.I., K.F., H.M., T.S., K.T., S.K., T.N., E.A.); Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.-M.); Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (T.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Goyal SN, Bharti S, Bhatia J, Nag TC, Ray R, Arya DS. Telmisartan, a dual ARB/partial PPAR-γ agonist, protects myocardium from ischaemic reperfusion injury in experimental diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011; 13:533-41. [PMID: 21320264 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01377.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Apart from its angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) activity, telmisartan is also a partial agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Therefore, we assessed whether telmisartan treatment attenuates myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in diabetic rats through PPAR-γ pathway. METHODS Diabetic rats were randomized to receive vehicle (sham and I/R), telmisartan (10 mg/kg/day, orally), PPAR-γ antagonist GW9662 (1 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally) or both for 14 days. On 15th day, excluding sham group, left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion was performed for 45 min followed by 1 h of reperfusion. Haemodynamic, biochemical, histopathological, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical (Bax and Bcl-2 protein), TUNEL positivity, infarct size and western blot studies were performed. RESULTS Telmisartan treatment significantly improved cardiac function by normalizing mean arterial pressure, left ventricular pressure (±LVdP/dt(max) , a marker of myocardial contraction and relaxation), by decreasing left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (a marker of preload, 3.7 ± 0.41 vs. 7.3 ± 0.89, p < 0.001) and percent infarct area (37.52 ± 5.83 vs. 46.27 ± 3.20, p < 0.01) as compared to diabetic I/R group. Interestingly, GW9662 worsens the I/R injury (percent infarct area, 54.38 ± 6.48 vs. 46.27 ± 3.20, p < 0.01), whereas telmisartan with GW9662 (percent infarct area, 41.16 ± 8.23 vs. 46.27 ± 3.20, p < 0.05) showed lesser significant results as compared to telmisartan alone. Additionally, telmisartan significantly ameliorates activities of endogenous antioxidants, creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase and prevented the increase of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and malondialdehyde in myocardium. Furthermore, telmisartan also decreased Bax expression (4.45 ± 1.24% vs. 10.25 ± 0.96%, p < 0.01), number of TUNEL-positive cells (6.2 ± 0.98% vs. 13.0 ± 1.6, p < 0.01), inflammation, myonecrosis and increased Bcl-2 expression (5.45 ± 0.15% vs. 1.24 ± 0.3%, p < 0.01). On the other hand, GW9662 treatment alone increased the Bax expression, TUNEL positivity and decreased Bcl-2 expression. Telmisartan protective effects were partially attenuated by a co-administration with GW9662. Western blot analysis showed that telmisartan treatment enhanced PPAR-γ expression, whereas GW9662 decreased it in myocardium. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the class effect of ARBs, telmisartan has a beneficial effect in I/R injury in diabetic rats in part because of activation of PPAR-γ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S N Goyal
- Cardiovascular Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kagota S, Tada Y, Nejime N, Nakamura K, Kunitomo M, Shinozuka K. Telmisartan provides protection against development of impaired vasodilation independently of metabolic effects in SHRSP.Z-Lepr(fa)/IzmDmcr rats with metabolic syndrome. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2011; 89:355-64. [PMID: 21619437 DOI: 10.1139/y11-029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is known to facilitate the development of cardiovascular disease. We have demonstrated that mesenteric arteries of SHRSP.Z-Lepr(fa)/IzmDmcr (SHRSP-fatty) rats with metabolic syndrome display an impaired vasorelaxation response mediated by nitric oxide. We examined whether the condition could be alleviated by treatment with telmisartan, an angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist with PPAR-γ-activating properties and compared the results with those from pioglitazone, a PPAR-γ agonist. Telmisartan (5 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1)) or pioglitazone (2.5 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1)) was orally administered to male SHRSP-fatty rats for 8 weeks. Serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels were determined, and the oral glucose tolerance test was performed to evaluate insulin resistance. Vasodilations in response to acetylcholine and nitroprusside were determined by wire myographs under isometric tension conditions, protein expressions of soluble guanylyl cyclase in mesenteric arteries by Western blotting, and the contents of 3-nitrotyrosine in aortas by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Telmisartan exerted antihypertensive effects, while pioglitazone ameliorated metabolic abnormalities in SHRSP-fatty rats. Telmisartan increased acetylcholine- and nitroprusside-induced relaxation and soluble guanylyl cyclase protein expression in mesenteric arteries and reduced 3-nitrotyrosine content in aortas. Pioglitazone displayed no such alleviating effects on vascular functions. These findings indicate that telmisartan protects against vasodilation disturbance through anti-oxidative and -nitrative stress independently of metabolic effects in SHRSP-fatty rats with metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Kagota
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mano Y, Anzai T, Kaneko H, Nagatomo Y, Nagai T, Anzai A, Maekawa Y, Takahashi T, Meguro T, Yoshikawa T, Fukuda K. Overexpression of human C-reactive protein exacerbates left ventricular remodeling in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Circ J 2011; 75:1717-27. [PMID: 21519150 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-10-1199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-reactive protein (CRP) is known to be a pathogenic agent in the cardiovascular system. However, the effect of CRP on heart failure has not been elucidated. The effect of human CRP on cardiac dysfunction induced by diabetes mellitus (DM) using human CRP-overexpressing transgenic mice (CRP-Tg) was examined. METHODS AND RESULTS DM was induced in male wild-type mice (Wt/DM) and CRP-Tg (CRP/DM) by an injection of streptozotocin. Non-diabetic wild-type mice (Wt/Con) and CRP-Tg (CRP/Con) served as controls. Echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements 6 weeks after injection showed lower fractional shortening and left ventricular (LV) dP/dt max in CRP/DM compared with Wt/DM. Myocardial mRNA levels of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, angiotensin type 1 receptor, angiotensinogen, NADPH oxidase subunits (p47(phox), gp91(phox)), glutathione peroxidase-3. and connective tissue growth factor were increased in CRP/DM compared with Wt/DM. Nuclear staining of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine was also increased in CRP/DM compared with Wt/DM. CRP/DM was associated with increased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling positive cells and a higher ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 proteins compared with Wt/DM. The extent of cardiac fibrosis assessed by Sirius red staining and immunohistochemical staining for collagen type 1 was significantly increased in CRP/DM compared with Wt/DM. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of human CRP exacerbates LV dysfunction and remodeling in diabetic cardiomyopathy, possibly through enhancement of the inflammation, renin-angiotensin system, and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Mano
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Soro-Paavonen A, Zhang WZ, Venardos K, Coughlan MT, Harris E, Tong DCK, Brasacchio D, Paavonen K, Chin-Dusting J, Cooper ME, Kaye D, Thomas MC, Forbes JM. Advanced glycation end-products induce vascular dysfunction via resistance to nitric oxide and suppression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. J Hypertens 2010; 28:780-8. [PMID: 20186099 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e328335043e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A number of factors contribute to diabetes-associated vascular dysfunction. In the present study, we tested whether exposure to advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) impairs vascular reactivity independently of hyperglycemia and examined the potential mechanisms responsible for diabetes and AGE-associated vascular dysfunction. METHODS Vasodilator function was studied using infusion of exogenous AGEs into Sprague-Dawley rats as compared with control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats all followed for 16 weeks (n = 10 per group). The level of arginine metabolites and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and downstream mediators of nitric oxide-dependent signaling were examined. To further explore these mechanisms, cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were exposed to AGEs. RESULTS Both diabetic and animals infused with AGE-modified rat serum albumin (AGE-RSA) had significantly impaired vasodilatory response to acetylcholine. Unlike diabetes-associated endothelial dysfunction, AGE infusion was not associated with changes in plasma arginine metabolites, asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine levels or eNOS expression. However, expression of the downstream mediator cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 (PKG-1) was significantly reduced by both AGE exposure and diabetes. AGEs also augmented hyperglycemia-associated depletion in endothelial nitric oxide production and eNOS protein expression in vitro, and the novel AGE inhibitor, alagebrium chloride, partly restored these parameters. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that AGEs represent a potentially important cause of vascular dysfunction, linked to the induction of nitric oxide resistance. These findings also emphasize the deleterious and potentially additive effects of AGEs and hyperglycemia in diabetic vasculature.
Collapse
|
33
|
Ishii Y, Maki M, Yamamoto H, Sasase T, Kakutani M, Ohta T. Blood pressure characteristics of female spontaneously diabetic Torii-Lepr(fa) rats. J Vet Med Sci 2010; 73:501-5. [PMID: 21127391 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.10-0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood pressure in female SDT-fa/fa rats was periodically investigated at ages 8, 16, and 24 weeks. Furthermore, an insulin therapy was performed for 5 weeks in the female rats at age 11 weeks, and the change of blood pressure was examined. In addition to obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperlipidemia, hyperleptinemia and increased urinary angiotensinogen level were observed during the experimental period. Blood pressure was elevated at ages 8 and 16 weeks, but that at 24 weeks was comparable to that in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Heart rate was decreased from age 8 to 24 weeks. Insulin therapy induced good glycemic control and improvement of hyperlipidemia, but the blood pressure was not reduced. Blood pressure in female SDT-fa/fa rats was elevated temporarily. The blood pressure was not decreased by insulin treatment. SDT-fa/fa rat is a useful model to investigate the relation between diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukihito Ishii
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1–1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569–1125, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Guo Z, Zheng C, Qin Z, Wei P. Effect of telmisartan on the expression of cardiac adiponectin and its receptor 1 in type 2 diabetic rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 63:87-94. [PMID: 21155820 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01157.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the effect of telmisartan on the expression of cardiac adiponectin and its receptor 1 in type 2 diabetic rats. METHODS Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control (C, n = 10) and diabetic (n = 26) groups. Type 2 diabetes was induced by high-fat and high-sugar diet and intraperitoneal injection of a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ). After induction of diabetes, diabetic rats were again randomly divided into diabetic (D, n = 10) and diabetic treated (DT, n = 10) groups. Telmisartan (5 mg/kg/day) was administrated to diabetic treated rats by gavage for 12 weeks. Twelve weeks later, the heart function was investigated. Plasma and myocardial adiponectin levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The cardiac mRNA expression of adiponectin receptor 1 (adipiR1) was assayed by reverse transcript-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The cardiac protein expression of adipiR1, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-α, phospho-AMPK-α (Thr172) and glucose transporter 4(GLUT4) was determined by Western blotting. KEY FINDINGS The ratio of heart weight to body weight was significantly increased in diabetic rats compared with control. The decreased levels of plasma and myocardial adiponectin and the decreased protein and mRNA expression of myocardial adipoR1 led to the decreased myocardial phosphorylation of AMPK-α (Thr172) and the decreased protein expression of myocardial GLUT4 in diabetic rats. Consequently, the heart function was decreased in diabetic rats. Telmisartan treatment significantly attenuated the increased ratio of heart weight to body weight in diabetic rats. The levels of plasma and myocardial adiponectin and the expression of myocardial adipoR1 in diabetic rats were upregulated by telmisartan. Subsequently, the levels of myocardial phospho-AMPK-α (Thr172) and the expression of myocardial GLUT4 in diabetic rats were increased by telmisartan. Consequently, the heart function was improved in diabetic rats treated with telmisartan. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the levels of myocardial adiponectin and its receptor 1 are decreased in type 2 diabetic rats. Telmisartan treatment up-regulates the levels of myocardial adiponectin and its receptor 1, resulting in the increase in myocardial phospho-AMPK-α (Thr172) and GLUT4 expression, which may contribute to the improvement of heart function and the decrease in cardiac hypertrophy in diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Goyal S, Arora S, Bhatt TK, Das P, Sharma A, Kumari S, Arya DS. Modulation of PPAR-γ by telmisartan protects the heart against myocardial infarction in experimental diabetes. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 185:271-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
36
|
Fouad AA, Al-Sultan AI, Yacoubi MT, Gomaa W. Ameliorative effects of telmisartan in diabetic rats with indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 637:162-70. [PMID: 20399771 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2009] [Revised: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The protective effects of telmisartan, the angiotensin II-receptor antagonist, were investigated in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus exposed to acute gastric ulceration. Following successful induction of diabetes, telmisartan treatment (1 mg/kg/day, orally) was started and continued for 8 weeks, after which acute gastric ulceration was induced by indomethacin. Telmisartan significantly attenuated the hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia in diabetic rats. Also, telmisartan significantly reduced the elevations of total gastric acid output, pepsin activity, gastric ulcer index and gastric mucosal tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde and caspase-3 activity, and restored the depleted antioxidant defenses (reduced glutathione level, and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities) caused by indomethacin administration in diabetic rats. Histopathological gastric tissue damage induced by indomethacin in diabetic rats was ameliorated by telmisartan treatment. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that telmisartan markedly attenuated the reduction in insulin content of pancreatic islet beta-cells, and prevented the indomethacin-induced overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nuclear factor-kappaB in gastric mucosa of diabetic rats. It was concluded that telmisartan represents a potential therapeutic option to reduce the risk of gastric ulceration induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in type 2 diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amr A Fouad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmacology Division, College of Medicine, Al-Ahsa, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Myocardial salvaging effect of telmisartan in experimental model of myocardial infarction. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 619:75-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2009] [Revised: 07/03/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|