1
|
Song B, Shen X, Tong C, Zhang S, Chen Q, Li Y, Li S. Gossypin: A flavonoid with diverse pharmacological effects. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:131-137. [PMID: 36198093 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gossypin is a flavonoid compound prepared from chinese medicine Hibiscus, which not only has significant pharmacological activities in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, anti-tumor, and anti-diabetic aspects, but also has the advantages of small side effects and easy preparation because it is extracted from traditional chinese medicine, so it has received widespread attention from scholars and researchers. This paper reviews the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of gossypin in recent years, and hopes to provide a theoretical basis for its clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bocui Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xue Shen
- Molecular Mechanism of Disease & Research and Development of Bioactive Substances, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultura University, Daqing, China
| | - Chunyu Tong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Yongji Economic Development Zone, Jilin, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Molecular Mechanism of Disease & Research and Development of Bioactive Substances, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultura University, Daqing, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Molecular Mechanism of Disease & Research and Development of Bioactive Substances, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultura University, Daqing, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Molecular Mechanism of Disease & Research and Development of Bioactive Substances, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultura University, Daqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
A Cistus incanus Extract Blocks Psychological Stress Signaling and Reduces Neurogenic Inflammation and Signs of Aging in Skin, as Shown in In-Vitro Models and a Randomized Clinical Trial. COSMETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics10010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress exerts its effects mainly through the release of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), which activates inflammatory pathways in skin (inter alia), resulting in redness, extracellular matrix degradation, loss of skin elasticity and firmness, and the appearance of wrinkles—namely, accelerated skin aging. In order to propose a solution to this neurogenic aging phenomenon, we report here on studies using a myricitrin-rich extract of Cistus incanus, a Mediterranean shrub used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory and other diseases. These studies include a CRH receptor (CRH-R1) blocking assay; in vitro inflammatory cytokine reduction under CRH stimulation, and ex vivo NF-kB inhibition; and a double-blind clinical trial performed on highly stressed panelists, evaluating skin inflammation and wrinkling (active formulation vs. placebo control, applied split-face following a computer-generated randomization scheme; 36 subjects recruited and randomized, 30 analyzed; no adverse effects recorded; EMA/INFARMED registration #118505, internally funded). The results show that this extract can effectively block the CRH-R1 receptor, preventing NF-κB activation and the production of related pro-inflammatory cytokines. In a clinical setting, this same extract delivered significant anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects. Taken together, these results demonstrate the value of this extract as a cosmetic active to counter neurogenic inflammation and skin aging.
Collapse
|
3
|
Recovery of Naringin-Rich Flavonoid Extracts from Agroresidues with Anxiolytic- and Antidepressant-like Effects in Mice. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238507. [PMID: 36500599 PMCID: PMC9740236 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Citrus paradisi species belong to the Rutaceae family, and it is commonly known as grapefruit. Grapefruit consumption involves a large amount of waste that goes to landfills and produces significant pollution affecting the human health. To examine this phenomenon, we designed an efficient chemical method that recovers naringin-rich flavonoid extracts from the fresh waste of grapefruits, by using the solvent impregnation resin method (SIR) with XAD-4 amberlite and either methanol or water as elution systems. Additionally, we focused on evaluating these extracts' anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in behavioral predictive paradigms in mice. According to direct Principal Component Analysis (PCA) by NMR, and Direct Injection Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (DIESI-MS), methanol extracts obtained after resin treatment were free of coumarin compounds and evinced had a high content of naringin. Poncirin, phenylalanine, chrysin 5,7-dimethyl ether, 5,7-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxyflavanone, 2,3-dihydro-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetramethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one, tetrahydrocurcumin, corchoionoside C, 6'-coumaroyl-1'-O-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) ethyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside were also detected. Naringin-rich methanol extract caused a clear anxiolytic-like effect in the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) and the Hole-Board (HBT) Tests, increasing oral doses of this extract did not produce a sedative effect. A single oral dose caused an antidepressant-like effect in the Tail Suspension Test (TST), while repeated administrations of the methanol extract elicited a robust antidepressant effect in the Forced Swimming Test (FST) in mice. Our evidence highlights the importance of bioprospecting studies of organic waste with therapeutic potentials, such as anxiety and depression disorders.
Collapse
|
4
|
Shorbagi M, Fayek NM, Shao P, Farag MA. Citrus reticulata Blanco (the common mandarin) fruit: An updated review of its bioactive, extraction types, food quality, therapeutic merits, and bio-waste valorization practices to maximize its economic value. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
5
|
Pereira M, Siba IP, Acco A, Correia D, Lapa FR, Santos ARS, Ruani AP, Pizzolatti MG, Andreatini R. Myricitrin exhibits antidepressant-like effects and reduces IL-6 hippocampal levels in the chronic mild stress model. Behav Brain Res 2022; 429:113905. [PMID: 35490774 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The flavonoid myricitrin showed an antidepressant-like effect in the tail suspension test and increased hippocampal neurogenesis, as well as demonstrating anti-inflammatory effects. Interestingly, inflammation has been linked to depression, and anti-inflammatory drugs showed promising results as antidepressant-like drugs. Thus, the present study evaluated the effects of myricitrin in the chronic mild stress (CMS) model, a translational and valid animal model of depression, using the mini-experiment design to improve the reproducibility of the findings. The sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swim test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST) were the readouts of depressive-like phenotypes induced by CMS. Relative adrenal weight was employed as an index of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation. Interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels were measured in the hippocampus. Myricitrin (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, for 14 days) reversed depressive-like behaviors induced by CMS (increased immobility in the FST, the TST and anhedonia), as well as decreased adrenal hypertrophy and hippocampal levels of IL-6 in stressed mice. Similar results were observed by imipramine (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, for 14 days), a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (positive control). A significant correlation was observed between immobility time in the TST, and hippocampal IL-6 levels. Hippocampal TNF-α levels were not affected by CMS or drug treatment. In conclusion, myricitrin exhibited an antidepressant-like profile in CMS, and this effect may be associated with its anti-inflammatory activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Pereira
- Federal University of Paraná, Pharmacology Department, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Isadora P Siba
- Federal University of Paraná, Pharmacology Department, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Federal University of Paraná, Pharmacology Department, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Diego Correia
- Federal University of Paraná, Pharmacology Department, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Lapa
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation, Physiological Sciences Department, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Adair R S Santos
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation, Physiological Sciences Department, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ana P Ruani
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Chemistry Department, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Moacir G Pizzolatti
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Chemistry Department, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Roberto Andreatini
- Federal University of Paraná, Pharmacology Department, Curitiba, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bardelčíková A, Miroššay A, Šoltýs J, Mojžiš J. Therapeutic and prophylactic effect of flavonoids in post-COVID-19 therapy. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2042-2060. [PMID: 35302260 PMCID: PMC9111001 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The high incidence of post-covid symptoms in humans confirms the need for effective treatment. Due to long-term complications across several disciplines, special treatment programs emerge for affected patients, emphasizing multidisciplinary care. For these reasons, we decided to look at current knowledge about possible long-term complications of COVID-19 disease and then present the effect of flavonoids, which could help alleviate or eliminate complications in humans after overcoming the COVID-19 infection. Based on articles published from 2003 to 2021, we summarize the flavonoids-based molecular mechanisms associated with the post-COVID-19 syndrome and simultaneously provide a complex view regarding their prophylactic and therapeutic potential. Review clearly sorts out the outcome of post-COVID-19 syndrome according particular body systems. The conclusion is that flavonoids play an important role in prevention of many diseases. We suggest that flavonoids as critical nutritional supplements, are suitable for the alleviation and shortening of the period associated with the post-COVID-19 syndrome. The most promising flavonoid with noteworthy therapeutic and prophylactic effect appears to be quercetin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Bardelčíková
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty of University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrej Miroššay
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty of University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Jindřich Šoltýs
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Science, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty of University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Souza MA, de Castro KK, Almeida-Neto FW, Bandeira PN, Ferreira MK, Marinho MM, da Rocha MN, de Brito DH, Mendes FRDS, Rodrigues TH, de Oliveira MR, de Menezes JE, Barreto AC, Marinho ES, de Lima-Neto P, dos Santos HS, Teixeira AM. Structural and spectroscopic analysis, ADMET study, and anxiolytic-like effect in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) of 4′-[(1E,2E)-1-(2-(2′,4′-dinitrophenyl)hydrazone-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)allyl)aniline. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
8
|
Ahangarpour A, Oroojan AA. Myricitrin and Its Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Increase Insulin Secretion and Content of Isolated Islets from the Pancreas of Male Mice. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akram Ahangarpour
- Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cinar I, Yayla M, Tavaci T, Toktay E, Ugan RA, Bayram P, Halici H. In Vivo and In Vitro Cardioprotective Effect of Gossypin Against Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction Injury. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:52-62. [PMID: 34599475 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the protective effects and possible mechanism of gossypin against isoproterenol (ISO)-mediated myocardial damage in vivo and H9c2 cell damage in vitro. H9c2 cells were categorized into five groups. Viability was evaluated with MTT and LDH release in H9c2 cells. Apoptotic parameter analysis was performed with cytochrome c (Cyt-c), caspase-3 (CASP-3), and BCL2/Bax mRNA expression levels. In vivo, gossypin was administered orally to mice at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg for 7 days. ISO groups were injected with isoproterenol (150 mg/kg) subcutaneously (on 8th and 9th) for 2 days. Afterward, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) levels and Troponin-I (Tn-I) amount from their serum, oxidative stress parameters superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1 β), and NF-kB mRNA expression levels with inflammatory markers from heart tissue were evaluated. In addition, IL-1B, BCL-2, and cas-3 immunohistochemical staining was performed from heart tissue and TNF-a level was measured by ELISA method. Administration of Gossypin protected the cells by dose-dependent, eliminating the reduced cell viability and increased LDH release of ISO in H9c2 cells. In mice serum analyses, increased LDH, CK-MB levels, and Tn-I levels were normalized by gossypin. ISO administration in heart tissue is regulated by gossypin with increased SOD activity, GSH amount, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NF-kB mRNA expression levels and decreased MDA amount. Overall, the present results demonstrated that gossypin has a potential cardioprotective treatment for ischemic heart disease on in vivo and in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Cinar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu University, 3700, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Muhammed Yayla
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Taha Tavaci
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Erdem Toktay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embriology, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Rustem Anil Ugan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Pınar Bayram
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embriology, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Hamza Halici
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ahangarpour A, Oroojan AA, Khorsandi L, Kouchak M, Badavi M. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress in isolated proximal tubules of mouse: the in vitro effects of myricitrin and its solid lipid nanoparticle. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:422-428. [PMID: 31368364 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1647250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The hyperglycemia (Hyper) induces oxidative stress in kidney tubular cells. Myricitrin (Myr) has an antioxidant effect along with low bioavailability. OBJECTIVE The present research investigated the effects of Myr and its solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) on isolated proximal tubules exposed to the hyperglycemic condition. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, the proximal tubules of mice were dissected by the microdissection method and the tubules were prepared for experimental or Real Time-PCR measurement. RESULTS The malondialdehyde level, transforming growth factor-β, nuclear factor kappa B and Bax genes expression increased in Hyper and decreased in Hyper + Myr and its SLN-treated groups compared to Hyper. Superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, the viability of proximal tubules and Bcl-2 gene expression decreased in untreated Hyper and increased in all treatment groups compared to Hyper. CONCLUSION The hyperglycemia-induced oxidative disorder, inflammation and apoptosis in proximal tubules and that administrating Myr and its SLN improved them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akram Ahangarpour
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Oroojan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Kouchak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Badavi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dey P, Roy B, Mohanta R. A kaempferol derivative isolated from Lysimachia ramosa (Wall ex. Duby) induced alteration of acetyl cholinesterase and nitric oxide synthase in Raillietina echinobothrida. Vet Parasitol 2021; 296:109461. [PMID: 34214945 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Lysimachia ramosa has been used as a traditional medicine among the tribal population of Meghalaya, northeast India, for the control of helminthosis. The anthelmintic efficacy of L. ramosa has been documented earlier. In the present study, the active compound from L. ramosa has been isolated and identified using mass and NMR spectra. It's in vitro anthelmintic activity was evaluated against Raillietina echinobothrida, one of the most pathogenic cestode of domestic fowl. The isolated active compound was characterized to be a kaempferol derivative which showed potent anthelmintic activity against R. echinobothrida by changing surface ultrastructure and also inhibiting the activity of two neurotransmitter enzymes: acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS), both of which are known to perform dynamic roles in the intracellular communication mediated through neuromuscular system. Motility reduction, deformation in the surface architecture, extensive ultrastructural alterations and reduced histochemical stain intensity in both AChE and NOS was observed in the treated parasites. Biochemical result also revealed alteration in the enzyme activities in the treated parasites. Further, depletion in the nitric oxide (NO) production in the bioactive component exposed tissues of R. echinobothrida was also detected. The results provided evidence that the bioactive compound could be further explored to control helminthosis at a large scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulomi Dey
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India
| | - Bishnupada Roy
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India.
| | - Rahul Mohanta
- Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pharmacological Blockade of PPARα Exacerbates Inflammatory Pain-Related Impairment of Spatial Memory in Rats. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060610. [PMID: 34072060 PMCID: PMC8227714 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-dependent transcription factors that exist in three isoforms: PPARα, PPARβ/δ and PPARγ. Studies suggest that the PPAR signalling system may modulate pain, anxiety and cognition. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether endogenous signalling via PPARs differentially modulates innate anxiety responses and mnemonic function in the presence and absence of inflammatory pain. We examined the effects of intraperitoneal administration of GW6471 (PPARα antagonist), GSK0660 (PPARβ/δ antagonist), GW9662 (PPARγ antagonist), and N-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) on rat behaviour in the elevated plus maze (EPM), open field (OF), light-dark box (LDB), and novel object recognition (NOR) tests in the presence or absence of chronic inflammatory pain. Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)-injected rats exhibited impaired recognition and spatial mnemonic performance in the NOR test and pharmacological blockade of PPARα further impaired spatial memory in CFA-treated rats. N-oleoylethanolamide (OEA) levels were higher in the dorsal hippocampus in CFA-injected animals compared to their counterparts. The results suggest a modulatory effect of CFA-induced chronic inflammatory pain on cognitive processing, but not on innate anxiety-related responses. Increased OEA-PPARα signalling may act as a compensatory mechanism to preserve spatial memory function following CFA injection.
Collapse
|
13
|
Küpeli Akkol E, Tatlı Çankaya I, Şeker Karatoprak G, Carpar E, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Capasso R. Natural Compounds as Medical Strategies in the Prevention and Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders Seen in Neurological Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:669638. [PMID: 34054540 PMCID: PMC8155682 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.669638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are frequently encountered in many neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson diseases along with epilepsy, migraine, essential tremors, and stroke. The most common comorbid diagnoses in neurological diseases are depression and anxiety disorders along with cognitive impairment. Whether the underlying reason is due to common neurochemical mechanisms or loss of previous functioning level, comorbidities are often overlooked. Various treatment options are available, such as pharmacological treatments, cognitive-behavioral therapy, somatic interventions, or electroconvulsive therapy. However oral antidepressant therapy may have some disadvantages, such as interaction with other medications, low tolerability due to side effects, and low efficiency. Natural compounds of plant origin are extensively researched to find a better and safer alternative treatment. Experimental studies have shown that phytochemicals such as alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, phenolic acids as well as lipids have significant potential in in vitro and in vivo models of psychiatric disorders. In this review, various efficacy of natural products in in vitro and in vivo studies on neuroprotective and their roles in psychiatric disorders are examined and their neuro-therapeutic potentials are shed light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Irem Tatlı Çankaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Elif Carpar
- Department of Psychiatry, Private French La Paix Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Potici, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Feature-Based Molecular Network-Guided Dereplication of Natural Bioactive Products from Leaves of Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum (Willd.) Hochr. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11050281. [PMID: 33946668 PMCID: PMC8147077 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum is a species known to have a high content of tannins. Accordingly, its preparations are used in southern Pará, Brazil, for their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities, but so far, its chemical profile composition remains essentially unknown. We herein describe the compounds present in a hydro-acetonic extract from S. pulcherrimum leaves as revealed by dereplication via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. The data were combined with spectral organization, spectral matching through the Global Natural Products Social platform, in silico annotation and taxonomical ponderation. Several types of phenolic compounds were identified such as gallic acids, flavan-3-ols and flavone-like compounds. From these, 5 have been recently reported by our group, whereas 44 are reported here for the first time in this tree species, and 41 (out of 49) for this genus. The results highlight the possible role of Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum as a renewable source for natural bioactive products with potential pharmaceutical applications.
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu Z, Silva J, Shao AS, Liang J, Wallner M, Shao XM, Li M, Olsen RW. Flavonoid compounds isolated from Tibetan herbs, binding to GABA A receptor with anxiolytic property. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113630. [PMID: 33246118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Previously, the phytochemical constituents of Biebersteinia heterostemon Maxim (BHM) and Arenaria kansuensis Maxim (AKM) were studied and the evaluation of anxiolytic effect based on their extracts was also investigated. The two traditional Tibetan herbs, BHM and AKM, have been widely used in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for cardiopulmonary disorders and neuropsychiatric diseases. The anxiolytic activities of a number of agents mediated by α2/3-containing GABAA receptors (GABAARs) have been demonstrated through the genetic and pharmacological studies. Flavonoids, such as flavones and flavanols, are a class of ligands that act at GABAARs and exhibit anxiolytic effects in vivo. Here, the flavonoids are the predominant constituents isolated from BHM and AKM. And our purpose is to investigate structure-activity relationships of the flavonoid compounds with binding to BZ-S of GABAAR complexes, and to search for anxiolytic constituents that lack undesirable-effects such as sedation and myorelaxation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The flavonoid constituents were separated and purified through the repeatedly silica gel or/and C18 column chromatography. The affinities of the compounds for BZ-S of GABAARs were detected by the radioreceptor binding assay with bovine cerebellum membranes, in which the different recombinant subunits-containing GABAARs were expressed in HEK 293T cells. The behavior tests, including elevated plus maze, locomotor activity, holeboard, rotarod and horizontal wire, were used to determine and evaluate the anxiolytic, sedative, and myorelaxant effects of these flavonoids. RESULTS Eleven total flavonoid compounds were obtained from the Tibetan herbs (BHM and AKM). The flavones with 6-and/or 8-OMe possessed the most potent binding affinity to GABAARs, which were based on the result of structure-activity relationships analysis. Demethoxysudachitin (DMS, Ki = 0.59 μM), a flavone that binds to recombinant α1-3/5 subunit-containing GABAARs, was isolated from BHM, and exhibited high anxiolytic activity, without inducing sedation and myorelaxation. Moreover, the anxiolytic effect of DMS was antagonized by flumazenil, suggesting that a mode of action was mediated via the BZ-S of GABAARs. CONCLUSIONS This present study indicated that the flavones, especially DMS, are novel GABAAR ligands and therapeutic potential candidates for anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zenggen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS, Xining, 810001, China; Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Xining, 810001, China.
| | - Joshua Silva
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, USC, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Amy S Shao
- Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49007, USA
| | - Jing Liang
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, USC, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Martin Wallner
- Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xuesi M Shao
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS, Xining, 810001, China; Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Richard W Olsen
- Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Therapeutic potential of targeting G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels in the central nervous system. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 223:107808. [PMID: 33476640 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir3/GirK) are important for maintaining resting membrane potential, cell excitability and inhibitory neurotransmission. Coupled to numerous G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), they mediate the effects of many neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and hormones contributing to the general homeostasis and particular synaptic plasticity processes, learning, memory and pain signaling. A growing number of behavioral and genetic studies suggest a critical role for the appropriate functioning of the central nervous system, as well as their involvement in many neurologic and psychiatric conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases, mood disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, epilepsy, alcoholism and drug addiction. Hence, GirK channels emerge as a very promising tool to be targeted in the current scenario where these conditions already are or will become a global public health problem. This review examines recent findings on the physiology, function, dysfunction, and pharmacology of GirK channels in the central nervous system and highlights the relevance of GirK channels as a worthful potential target to improve therapies for related diseases.
Collapse
|
17
|
Musara C, Aladejana EB, Mudyiwa SM. Review of the nutritional composition, medicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae). F1000Res 2020. [DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.27208.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus reticulata Blanco is a moderately-sized fruit tree widely used as herbal medicine worldwide. The nutritional composition, medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of C. reticulata were critically reviewed in the current study. The literature linked to C. reticulata properties was obtained from multiple internet sources including Elsevier, Google Scholar, SciFinder, Web of Science, Pubmed, BMC, Science Direct, and Scopus. Ethnopharmacological research identified antioxidants such as vitamin C, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, also a source of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, pectins, minerals and volatile organic compounds as components of C. reticulata. As a medicinal plant, C. reticulata is used for the treatment of dyspepsia, gastro-intestinal distension, cough with profuse phlegm, hiccup and vomiting. The crude extracts of C. reticulata fruits have depicted anti-inflammatory, anticholesterolemic, analgesic, antiasthmatic, antiscorbutic, antiseptic, antitussive, carminative, expectorant, stomachic. With more people becoming nutrition-conscious, there has been an increase in the demand for the use of citrus fruits and their by-products as traditional medicines for conventional healthcare in developing countries.
Collapse
|
18
|
Xavier JDC, Almeida-Neto FWQ, da Silva PT, Marinho ES, Ferreira MKA, Magalhães FEA, Nogueira CES, Bandeira PN, de Menezes JESA, Teixeira AMR, Santos HSD. Structural characterization, electronic properties, and anxiolytic-like effect in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) of cinnamaldehyde chalcone. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
19
|
Lather A, Sharma S, Khatkar A. Naringin derivatives as glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase inhibitors based preservatives and their biological evaluation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20477. [PMID: 33235242 PMCID: PMC7686335 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosamine-6-Phosphate synthase enzyme has been targeted for development of better and safe preservative due to its role in microbial cell wall synthesis. In recent year's demand of preservatives for the food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals have increased. Although, the available synthetic preservatives have associated unwanted adverse effects, soa chain of naringin derivatives were schemed synthesized and judged for antioxidant, antimicrobial, preservative efficacy, stability study and topical evaluation. Molecular docking resulted with excellent dock score and binding energy for compound 7, compound 6 and compound 1 as compared to standard drugs. Resultant data of antimicrobial activity revealed compound 7as most potent antimicrobial compound for P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. coli, C. albicans, and A. niger, respectively, as compared to the standard drugs. The preservative efficacy test of compound 7 in White Lotion USP showed the log cfu/mL value within prescribed limit of USP standard. Compound 7 stabilize the White lotion USP from microbial growth for a period of six months under accelerated storage condition. Compound 7 was further evaluated for toxicity by using the Draize test in rabbits and showed no sign of eye and skin irritation. The outcome demonstrated that synthesized naringin compounds showed glorious antioxidant, antimicrobial, preservative efficacy, stable and safe as compared to standards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Lather
- Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Enzyme Inhibition Studies, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, G.J.U.S.&T., Hisar, India
| | - Anurag Khatkar
- Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Enzyme Inhibition Studies, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Myricitrin ameliorates cognitive deficits in MCAO cerebral stroke rats via histone acetylation-induced alterations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:609-617. [PMID: 33074446 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03930-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study screened the effect of Myricitrin on cognitive deficits post-cerebral ischemic stroke and the involved mechanism. The rats were submitted to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and were treated with sodium butyrate or Myricitrin (15 and 30 mg/kg) for 28 days. The spatial memory was studied by Morris water maze (MWM). After 4 weeks, the rats were euthanized and hippocampus region was utilized for neurochemical and biochemical changes. The extent of histone acetylation was studied by ELISA. Protein levels were analyzed by Western blot analysis. The mRNA levels were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In silico bioinformatics docking studies were done for target confirmation of Myricitrin. The treatment of Myricitrin showed improved memory in MWM compared to rats treated with vehicle, and the effects of Myricitrin were similar to sodium butyrate-treated rats. At a dose of 30 mg/kg Myricitrin, the histone deacetylase content was decreased, the expression levels of BDNF were increased, the levels of acetylated H3 and H4 along with Syn-I in the hippocampus region were over-expressed compared to control vehicle-treated rats. However, at low dose, i.e., 15 mg/kg Myricitrin failed to show alterations in biochemical as well as neurochemical markers. Docking studies suggested the BDNF and Sun-I as potential target proteins of Myricitrin. The cognitive ameliorating effect of Myricitrin post-cerebral ischemia stroke can be attributed to increased expression of BDNF and Syn-I and modulation of histone acetylation.
Collapse
|
21
|
Naringin Confers Protection against Psychosocial Defeat Stress-Induced Neurobehavioral Deficits in Mice: Involvement of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Isoform-67, Oxido-Nitrergic Stress, and Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:431-445. [PMID: 32767187 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01664-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Psychosocial stress has been widely reported to contribute to psychiatric disturbances. Perturbations in the enzymes of GABAergic and cholinergic systems have been implicated as precursors in different stress-related neuropsychiatric diseases. Targeting glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 kDa (GAD67) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) via oxidative, nitrergic, and neuroinflammatory mechanisms have been recognized as prospective strategies for the prevention of psychosocial stress-induced behavioral impairments. Naringin, a neuro-active flavonoid compound isolated from citrus fruits, has been shown to produce memory-enhancing, antiepileptic, antidepressant, and anti-inflammatory activities similarly to ginseng, a very potent adaptogen. In this communication, we assessed the effect of naringin on social-defeat stress (SDS)-induced behavioral, GABAergic, cholinergic, oxidative, nitrergic, and neuroinflammatory changes in mice using the resident-intruder paradigm. The intruder male mice were culled into six groups. Groups 1 and 2 (normal- and SDS-controls) received sterile saline, groups 3-5 were given naringin (25-100 mg/kg, i.p.) whereas group 6 had ginseng (50 mg/kg, i.p.) daily for 14 days, but followed by 10 min SDS (physical and psychological) exposure to groups 2-6 with aggressor-resident mice. Behavioral effects using Y-maze, elevated-plus maze, sociability, and tail-suspension tests were assessed on day 14. GAD67, AChE enzymes, and biomarkers of oxidative, nitrergic, and neuroinflammatory changes were assayed in the striatum, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus. Naringin and ginseng reversed all SDS-induced behavioral impairments. Naringin increased the levels of GAD67 and decreased AChE activities in the striatum, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus. Furthermore, naringin reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6), malondialdehyde, nitrite concentrations, and increased glutathione levels in a region-dependent manner. Our study suggests that naringin attenuated SDS-induced behavioral endophenotypes of neuropsychiatric disease through increased GAD67 synthesis, inhibition of AChE activity, oxidative, nitrergic stress, and neuroinflammatory processes in stress-sensitive brain regions.
Collapse
|
22
|
Anxiolytic-like activity of 5-methoxyflavone in mice with involvement of GABAergic and serotonergic systems - in vivo and in silico evidences. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 36:100-110. [PMID: 32534819 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are common worldwide and novel compounds are investigated for anxiolytic effect. A few studies have demonstrated the anxiolytic-like activity of natural and synthetic flavonoids. 5-methoxyflavone, a synthetic flavone derivative, has been reported to exhibit central nervous system depressant (sedative-hypnotic) effect in an earlier study. The present study was designed to investigate whether 5-methoxyflavone possesses anxiolytic-like activity in mice by employing two unconditioned models of anxiety such as elevated plus maze and light-dark box test. The possible role played by GABAergic (GABAA) and serotonergic (5HT1A) systems in the anxiolytic-like effect of 5-methoxyflavone was also investigated in the elevated plus maze test. Molecular docking studies were performed to ascertain the interaction of 5-methoxyflavone with GABAA (α2 subunit-containing) and 5HT1A receptors. 5-methoxyflavone treatment in mice (10, 20 or 40 mg/kg, i.p) increased the number of entries and time spent in the open arms in an elevated plus maze (p < 0.001). In the light-dark box test a significant increase in the time spent in light compartment (p < 0.001) and prolonged latency to enter the dark compartment (p < 0.01) were also observed. Pretreatment of mice with 5HT1A antagonist pindolol (10 mg/kg, i.p) or GABAA antagonist bicuculline (2 mg/kg, i.p) significantly attenuated the effect of 5-methoxyflavone in the elevated plus maze test. In silico studies provided evidences for good binding affinity of 5-methoxyflavone towards GABAA (α2 subunit-containing) and serotonergic (5HT1A) receptors by H-bond interactions. In conclusion, the present study identified a novel anxiolytic-like effect of 5-methoxyflavone involving GABAergic and serotonergic mechanisms.
Collapse
|
23
|
Budel RG, da Silva DA, Moreira MP, Dalcin AJF, da Silva AF, Nazario LR, Majolo JH, Lopes LQS, Santos RCV, Antunes Soares FA, da Silva RS, Gomes P, Boeck CR. Toxicological evaluation of naringin-loaded nanocapsules in vitro and in vivo. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 188:110754. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
24
|
Dewanjee S, Chakraborty P, Mukherjee B, De Feo V. Plant-Based Antidiabetic Nanoformulations: The Emerging Paradigm for Effective Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2217. [PMID: 32210082 PMCID: PMC7139625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a life-threatening metabolic syndrome. Over the past few decades, the incidence of diabetes has climbed exponentially. Several therapeutic approaches have been undertaken, but the occurrence and risk still remain unabated. Several plant-derived small molecules have been proposed to be effective against diabetes and associated vascular complications via acting on several therapeutic targets. In addition, the biocompatibility of these phytochemicals increasingly enhances the interest of exploiting them as therapeutic negotiators. However, poor pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutical attributes of these phytochemicals largely restrict their clinical usefulness as therapeutic agents. Several pharmaceutical attempts have been undertaken to enhance their compliance and therapeutic efficacy. In this regard, the application of nanotechnology has been proven to be the best approach to improve the compliance and clinical efficacy by overturning the pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutical obstacles associated with the plant-derived antidiabetic agents. This review gives a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the nanoformulations of phytochemicals in the management of diabetes and associated complications. The effects of nanosizing on pharmacokinetic, biopharmaceutical and therapeutic profiles of plant-derived small molecules, such as curcumin, resveratrol, naringenin, quercetin, apigenin, baicalin, luteolin, rosmarinic acid, berberine, gymnemic acid, emodin, scutellarin, catechins, thymoquinone, ferulic acid, stevioside, and others have been discussed comprehensively in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India;
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India;
| | - Biswajit Mukherjee
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India;
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Keikhaei F, Mirshekar MA, Shahraki MR, Dashipour A. Antiepileptogenic effect of myricitrin on spatial memory and learning in a kainate-induced model of temporal lobe epilepsy. LEARNING AND MOTIVATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lmot.2019.101610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
26
|
Oroojan AA, Ahangarpour A, Paknejad B, Zareian P, Hami Z, Abtahi SR. Effects of Myricitrin and Solid Lipid Nanoparticle-Containing Myricitrin on Reproductive System Disorders Induced by Diabetes in Male Mouse. World J Mens Health 2019; 39:147-157. [PMID: 32009314 PMCID: PMC7752505 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study investigates the effects of myricitrin and solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) containing myricitrin on the reproductive system of type 2 diabetic male mice. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, SLN containing myricitrin was prepared by the cold homogenization method. Then, 90 adult male Naval Medical Research Institute mice were divided into 9 groups (n=10): control, vehicle, diabetic, diabetic+myricitrin or SLN containing myricitrin 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) 15 minutes after nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) injection. Myricitrin and SLN containing myricitrin administered during 1 month. At the 34th days of the experiment, plasma and tissue samples were taken for experimental assessments. Results Testis weight and volume decreased in the diabetic group. These variables increased in diabetic treated mice by a high dose of myricitrin or all doses of SLN containing myricitrin (p<0.05). Total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase levels decreased in diabetic mice, and administration of myricitrin 10 mg/kg or all doses of SLN containing myricitrin increased them (p<0.05). Luteinizing hormone, Follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and sperm count decreased in the diabetic group, treatment with a high dose of myricitrin or all doses of SLN containing myricitrin recovered them (p<0.05). Diabetes induced vacuoles and apoptosis in testicular cells, meanwhile myricitrin and SLN containing myricitrin improved them (p<0.05). Conclusions Diabetes induced reproductive problem via increased oxidative stress and decrease antioxidant capacity, administration of myricitrin or SLN containing myricitrin improved them. Further, SLN containing myricitrin was more potent than myricitrin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Oroojan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Babak Paknejad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Zareian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Abtahi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhu H, Guan J, Shi J, Pan X, Chang S, Zhang T, Feng B, Gu J. Simultaneous determination of eight bioactive constituents of Zhi‐Zi‐Hou‐Po decoction in rat plasma by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:406-417. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heyun Zhu
- School of Life SciencesJilin University Changchun P. R. China
- School of PharmacyJilin Medical University Jilin P. R. China
| | - Jiao Guan
- School of PharmacyJilin Medical University Jilin P. R. China
| | - Jianyi Shi
- School of PharmacyJilin Medical University Jilin P. R. China
| | - Xu Pan
- School of PharmacyJilin Medical University Jilin P. R. China
| | - Sheng Chang
- School of PharmacyJilin Medical University Jilin P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- School of PharmacyJilin Medical University Jilin P. R. China
| | - Bo Feng
- School of PharmacyJilin Medical University Jilin P. R. China
| | - Jingkai Gu
- School of Life SciencesJilin University Changchun P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sanzovo TOR, Lima NM, Marqui SR, Andrade TJAS, Navegante G, Serafim RB, Sorbo JM, Valente V, Silva DHS, Soares CP. Chemoprevention assessment, genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of flavonoids from Inga laurina leaves (FABACEAE). Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:3089-3094. [PMID: 31698946 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1682574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify and evaluate the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, antigenotoxicity and chemoprevention assessment of flavonoids myricetin-3-O-(2″-O-galloyl)-α-rhamnopyranoside and myricetin-3-rhamnoside from Inga laurina leaves extract. The Quinone reductase induction as a biomarker for cancer chemoprevention was evaluated in murine hepatocellular carcinoma, the cytotoxicity was evaluated by sulforhonamide B assay and genotoxicity was evaluated by comet assay using HepG2 cell line. The results demonstrated that the flavonoids didn´t show cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. In the chemoprevention evaluations were not able to promote the induction of Quinone Reductase and also no genotoxic effect was observed by evaluation of the comet assay in none of the concentrations tested. In the antigenotoxicity test, all compounds had a protective effect against damage induced by hydrogen peroxide and were repaired against damage. Although none of the flavonoids were capable of inducing the enzyme Quinone Reductase at the concentrations tested, the antigenotoxicity results showed a powerful chemoprotective action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T O R Sanzovo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, São Paulo State University UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - N M Lima
- Institute of Chemistry, Nucleus Bioassays Biosynthesis & Ecophysiology of Natural Products, São Paulo State University UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - S R Marqui
- Institute of Chemistry, Nucleus Bioassays Biosynthesis & Ecophysiology of Natural Products, São Paulo State University UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - T J A S Andrade
- NIAC-Nucleus of Research Applied to Sciences-IFMA-Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão
| | - G Navegante
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, São Paulo State University UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - R B Serafim
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, São Paulo State University UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - J M Sorbo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, São Paulo State University UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - V Valente
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, São Paulo State University UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - D H S Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, Nucleus Bioassays Biosynthesis & Ecophysiology of Natural Products, São Paulo State University UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - C P Soares
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, São Paulo State University UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Taghipour YD, Hajialyani M, Naseri R, Hesari M, Mohammadi P, Stefanucci A, Mollica A, Farzaei MH, Abdollahi M. Nanoformulations of natural products for management of metabolic syndrome. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5303-5321. [PMID: 31406461 PMCID: PMC6642644 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s213831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a common metabolic disorder which has become a public health challenge worldwide. There has been growing interest in medications including natural products as complementary or alternative choices for common chemical therapeutics regarding their limited side effects and ease of access. Nanosizing these compounds may help to increase their solubility, bioavailability, and promisingly enhance their efficacy. This study, for the first time, provides a comprehensive overview of the application of natural-products-based nanoformulations in the management of metabolic syndrome. Different phytochemicals including curcumin, berberine, Capsicum oleoresin, naringenin, emodin, gymnemic acid, resveratrol, quercetin, scutellarin, stevioside, silybin, baicalin, and others have been nanosized hitherto, and their nanosizing method and effect in treatment and alleviating metabolic syndrome have been reviewed and discussed in this study. It has been discovered that there are several pathways or molecular targets relevant to metabolic disorders which are affected by these compounds. Various natural-based nanoformulations have shown promising effect in treatment of metabolic syndrome, and therefore can be considered as future candidates instead of or in conjunction with pharmaceutical drugs if they pass clinical trials successfully.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Davatgaran Taghipour
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Phytopharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Hajialyani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rozita Naseri
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahvash Hesari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Pantea Mohammadi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Azzurra Stefanucci
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-pescara, Chieti66100, Italy
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-pescara, Chieti66100, Italy
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS) and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
The citrus flavonoids hesperidin and naringin alleviate alcohol-induced behavioural alterations and developmental defects in zebrafish larvae. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2019; 73:22-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
31
|
Ben-Azu B, Nwoke EE, Aderibigbe AO, Omogbiya IA, Ajayi AM, Olonode ET, Umukoro S, Iwalewa EO. Possible neuroprotective mechanisms of action involved in the neurobehavioral property of naringin in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:536-546. [PMID: 30399589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are naturally occurring bioactive phytochemical metabolites widely known to prevent and suppress several human diseases, and are important sources of therapeutic compounds from plants. Evidence derived from previous studies suggests that naringin, a neuroactive flavonoid possess functional beneficial neurobehavioral effects including anxiolytic, antidepressant and memory enhancing properties. However, literature search revealed that no studies have been carried out to evaluate the possible biochemical mechanisms involved in the neurobehavioral property of naringin alone following repeated treatment. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the possible neuro-biochemical mechanisms involved in the neurobehavioral property of naringin following repeated administration in mice. The effects of naringin (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg), diazepam (2 mg/kg), imipramine (15 mg/kg) and donepezil (1 mg/kg) or vehicle on neurobehavioral and biochemical effects were evaluated in mice following repeated intraperitoneal injection for 7 consecutive days. Neurobehavioral activities consisting of open-field (locomotor), elevated-plus maze (anxiolytic), forced swim and social interaction (antidepressant and social preference), and Y-maze (memory enhancing) tests were assessed. Thereafter, brains levels of biomarkers of oxidative, nitrosative and cholinergic parameters were determined. Repeated treatment with naringin produced increased locomotor activity, and demonstrated antidepressant-like effects evidenced by decreased immobility time in forced swim test and increased % social preference in the social interaction test relative to controls. Also, naringin induced anxiolytic-like effect and increased cognitive performance in mice. Mechanistically, naringin significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and glutathione concentration relative to vehicle-controls. However, naringin significantly decreased malondialdehyde and nitrite contents, and reduced brain acetylcholinesterase activity in mice brains in a significant manner relative to controls. Taken together, these findings suggest that treatment with naringin might be useful to produce functional behavioral effects via mechanisms related to enhancement of cholinergic transmission, antioxidant defense systems, inhibition of lipid peroxidation and nitrosative processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benneth Ben-Azu
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Ekene Enekabokom Nwoke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Adegbuyi Oladele Aderibigbe
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Itivere Adrian Omogbiya
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Mayowa Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth Toyin Olonode
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Ezekiel O Iwalewa
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Shanmugasundaram J, Subramanian V, Nadipelly JS, Kathirvelu P, Sayeli V, Cheriyan BV. Sedative-hypnotic like effect of 5-methoxyflavone in mice and investigation on possible mechanisms by in vivo and in silico methods. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:85-94. [PMID: 30218862 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids have been shown to possess central nervous system (CNS) depressant effect mediated through the ionotropic GABAA receptors. In the present study, 5-methoxyflavone was evaluated for sedative-hypnotic like activity in mice and the mechanisms involved by employing a battery of tests including molecular docking studies. In the open field test, 5-methoxyflavone in various doses (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg, i.p) exhibited a significant and dose-dependent reduction in the spontaneous locomotor activity (F (530) = 87.17 P < 0.001). Pretreatment with 5-methoxyflavone decreased the latency to sleep induction after pentobarbitone or ether administration and also significantly increased the duration of sleep (p < 0.001). A significant and dose-dependent myorelaxant effect was observed with 5-methoxyflavone in the inclined plane, horizontal wire test and rota rod test. Pretreatment with picrotoxin, bicuculline, glycine, caffeine or NMDA either decreased or completely abolished the hypnotic effect of 5-methoxyflavone in mice. The above results revealed the involvement of GABAA, adenosine, glycine and NMDA receptors in the hypnotic effect of 5-methoxyflavone. The results of in silico studies indicated that, 5-methoxyflavone exhibits good binding affinity towards these receptors by H-bond interactions. In conclusion, the present study identified a novel and potential sedative-hypnotic like effect of 5-methoxyflavone involving multiple mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaikumar Shanmugasundaram
- Department of Pharmacology, Meenakshi Medical College & Research Institute, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kanchipuram, 631552, India.
| | - Viswanathan Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology, Meenakshi Medical College & Research Institute, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kanchipuram, 631552, India.
| | - Jagan S Nadipelly
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana.
| | - Parimala Kathirvelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Meenakshi Medical College & Research Institute, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kanchipuram, 631552, India.
| | - Vijaykumar Sayeli
- Department of Pharmacology, Mamata Medical College, Khammam, 507002, Telangana, India.
| | - Binoy Varghese Cheriyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, VISTAS, VELS school of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chennai, 600117, Tamilnadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Naringin protects acrolein-induced pulmonary injuries through modulating apoptotic signaling and inflammation signaling pathways in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 59:10-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
34
|
Shi W, Deng H, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Cui G. Mitochondria-Targeting Small Molecules Effectively Prevent Cardiotoxicity Induced by Doxorubicin. Molecules 2018; 23:E1486. [PMID: 29921817 PMCID: PMC6099719 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used for the treatment of numerous cancers. However, the clinical use of Dox is limited by its unwanted cardiotoxicity. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. To mitigate Dox-related cardiotoxicity, considerable successful examples of a variety of small molecules that target mitochondria to modulate Dox-induced cardiotoxicity have appeared in recent years. Here, we review the related literatures and discuss the evidence showing that mitochondria-targeting small molecules are promising cardioprotective agents against Dox-induced cardiac events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China.
| | - Hongkuan Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- Pharmacy School, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China.
| | - Xiufang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
| | - Guozhen Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Anikina LV, Vikharev YB, Baranov VV, Malyshev OR, Kravchenko AN. Preparative synthesis and pharmacological activity of Albicar racemate and enantiomers. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2018.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
36
|
Yang R, Guan Y, Wang W, Chen H, He Z, Jia AQ. Antioxidant capacity of phenolics in Camellia nitidissima Chi flowers and their identification by HPLC Triple TOF MS/MS. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195508. [PMID: 29634769 PMCID: PMC5892910 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Camellia nitidissima Chi (CNC) is a valuable medicinal and edible plant in China. In this study, CNC flowers were extracted with 95% ethanol, then partitioned into dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water fractions, with the antioxidant capacity of flavonoids and other phytochemicals in CNC flowers investigated for the first time. Results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the strongest antioxidant capacity and highest total phenolic content (TPC) compared with the other fractions. Furthermore, in the ethyl acetate fraction, the 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of ABTS+ and DPPH radical scavenging activities were 64.24 ± 1.80 and 78.80 ± 0.34 μg/mL, respectively, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was 801.49 ± 2.30 μM FeSO4 at 1,000 μg/mL. Pearson’s correlation coefficients and principal component analyses (PCA) for the TPC and antioxidant capacity of the five fractions indicated that the phenolic compounds were the major antioxidant constituents in the flowers. To exploit the antioxidants in CNC flowers, 21 phenolic compounds in the ethanolic extract fraction were identified by HPLC Triple TOF MS/MS, next, 12 flavonoids were isolated and elucidated, of which compounds 1–5 showed potent antioxidant capacity. In addition, the potential structure-activity relationship among these 12 flavonoids showed that (1) the o-catechol group in the B-ring was primarily responsible for the antioxidant capacity of flavonoids and (2) steric hindrance, produced by glycosides and other groups, could reduce the antioxidant capacity of the flavonoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry Education, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Inspection and Pattern Evaluation Department, Suzhou Institute of Measurement and Testing, Suzhou, China
| | - Weixin Wang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaochun He
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Ai-Qun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry Education, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bugel SM, Tanguay RL. Multidimensional chemobehavior analysis of flavonoids and neuroactive compounds in zebrafish. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 344:23-34. [PMID: 29499247 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The comparative analysis of complex behavioral phenotypes is valuable as a reductionist tool for both drug discovery and defining chemical bioactivity. Flavonoids are a diverse class of chemicals that elicit robust neuroactive and hormonal actions, though bioactivity information is limited for many, particularly for neurobehavioral endpoints. Here, we used a zebrafish larval chemomotor response (LCR) bioassay to comparatively evaluate a suite of 24 flavonoids, and in addition a panel of 30 model neuroactive compounds representing diverse modes of action (e.g. caffeine, chlorpyrifos, methamphetamine, nicotine, picrotoxin). Naïve larval zebrafish were exposed to concentration ranges of each compound at 120 hour post-fertilization (hpf) and locomotor activity measured for 5 h. The model neuroactive compounds were largely behaviorally bioactive (20 of 30) with most effects phenotypic of their known modes of action. Flavonoids rapidly and broadly elicited hyperactive locomotor effects (22 of 24). Multidimensional analyses compared responses over time and identified three distinct bioactive groups of flavonoids based on efficacy and potency. Using GABAergics to modulate hyperactive responses, two flavonoids, (S)-equol and kaempferol were tested for GABAA receptor antagonism, as well as a known GABAA receptor antagonist, picrotoxin. Pharmacological intervention with positive allosteric modulators of the GABAA receptor, alfaxalone and chlormethiazole, ameliorated the hyperactive response to picrotoxin, but not for (S)-equol or kaempferol. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that flavonoids are differentially bioactive and that the chemobehavioral effects likely do not involve a GABAA receptor mediated mode of action. Overall, the integrative zebrafish platform provides a useful framework for comparatively evaluating high-content chemobehavioral data for sets of structurally- and mechanistically-related flavonoids and neuroactive compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Bugel
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, United States.
| | - Robert L Tanguay
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ahangarpour A, Oroojan AA, Khorsandi L, Kouchak M, Badavi M. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Myricitrin Have Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Effects on Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-Induced Diabetic Model and Myotube Cell of Male Mouse. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7496936. [PMID: 30116491 PMCID: PMC6079346 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7496936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may occur via oxidative stress. Myricitrin is a plant-derived antioxidant, and its solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) may be more potent. Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of myricitrin SLN on streptozotocin-nicotinamide- (STZ-NA-) induced T2DM of the mouse and hyperglycemic myotube. In this experimental study, cold homogenization method was used to prepare SLN. Then, 120 adult male NMRI mice were divided into 7 groups: control, vehicle, diabetes (received STZ 65 mg/kg 15 min after injected NA 120 mg/kg), diabetes + SLN containing myricitrin 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg, and diabetes + metformin. For in vitro study, myoblast (C2C12) cell line was cultured and divided into 6 groups (n = 3): control, hyperglycemia, hyperglycemia + SLN containing myricitrin 1, 3, and, 10 μM, and hyperglycemia + metformin. After the last nanoparticle treatment, plasma samples, pancreas and muscle tissues, and myotubes were taken for experimental assessments. Diabetes increased lipid peroxidation and reduced antioxidant defense along with the hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and pancreas apoptosis. Hyperglycemia induced oxidative stress, antioxidant impairment, and cellular apoptosis. Myricitrin SLN improved diabetes and hyperglycemia complications in the in vivo and in vitro studies. Therefore, SLN of myricitrin showed antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiapoptotic effects in the mouse and myotube cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akram Ahangarpour
- 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Oroojan
- 2Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- 3Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Kouchak
- 4Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Badavi
- 5Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
González-Trujano ME, Hernández-Sánchez LY, Muñoz Ocotero V, Dorazco-González A, Guevara Fefer P, Aguirre-Hernández E. Pharmacological evaluation of the anxiolytic-like effects of Lippia graveolens and bioactive compounds. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1569-1576. [PMID: 28385098 PMCID: PMC6130579 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1310908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lippia species (Verbenaceae) are widely used in Latin America and Africa as folk medicine for their tranquilizing properties. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anxiolytic-like effects and safety of Lippia graveolens Kunth. by exploring its aqueous and organic leaf extracts and identifying the responsible chemical constituents. MATERIAL AND METHODS Aqueous and organic extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol) were pharmacologically evaluated at several doses. Chemical constituents were identified using MS, NMR and GC-MS analysis. The isolated compounds (3 mg/kg, i.p.), extracts (1, 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg, i.p.), and the reference drug diazepam (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) were assessed in CD-1 mice using experimental behavioural models: open-field, cylinder, hole-board, plus-maze and sodium pentobarbital-induced hypnosis, as well as their acute toxicity (LD50). RESULTS After administration of the extracts and bioactive compounds, a significant anxiolytic-like response from 1 mg/kg, i.p. was observed, resembling the effect of diazepam. Major presence of thymol (33.40%) was observed in the hexane extract; whereas for the first time in this species a p-cymene + thymol mixture (9.78%), naringenin (0.18%) and cirsimaritin (1.16%) were obtained as bioactive constituents of the ethyl acetate crude extract. Acute toxicity was calculated to be LD50 = 1000 mg/kg for the crude hexane extract, lower in comparison to the other extracts analyzed (LD50 > 2000 mg/kg). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our results suggest that L. graveolens exerts anxiolytic-like activity involving many kinds of constituents, mainly of the terpenoid and flavonoid nature. These results reinforce the potential use of this species in the therapy of anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Yunuen Hernández-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Verónica Muñoz Ocotero
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Dorazco-González
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable, Toluca, Estado de México, México. Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
| | - Patricia Guevara Fefer
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Eva Aguirre-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, Mexico city, Mexico
- CONTACT Eva Aguirre Hernández Laboratorio de Fitoquímica. Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, CDMX, México
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kola PK, Akula A, NissankaraRao LS, Danduga RCSR. Protective effect of naringin on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindling; possible mechanisms of antikindling, memory improvement, and neuroprotection. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 75:114-126. [PMID: 28846920 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of Naringin on seizure severity, progress of kindling, memory impairment, oxidative stress, neurochemicals, and neural damage in Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindling. Alternate intra-peritoneal injections of PTZ induced kindling at 22 injections of PTZ. In comparison with the PTZ group, pretreatment with Naringin 30 min prior to PTZ administration and on a PTZ-free day was found to lead to a decreased seizure score, a mitigated progress of kindling, decreased transfer latency, and increased total number of arm entries, % alternation behavior in Y maze, and % conditioned avoidance response in a pole climbing apparatus. Biochemical analysis of the frontal and temporal cortexes and the hippocampus of the brain showed that Naringin attenuated the level of lipid peroxidation (MDA) and augmented the reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and total thiol results in decreased oxidative stress compared with the PTZ group and control group. Investigation of neurochemicals revealed a minute change in gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), glutamate and dopamine, and decreased AChE in the three regions. Increased CA1 neuronal density in the hippocampus and increased cell density in the frontal and temporal regions indicate the potential of naringin to act against PTZ-induced kindling, memory impairment, oxidative stress, neurochemical changes, and histological aberrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phani Kumar Kola
- University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Annapurna Akula
- University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - R Ch Sekhara Reddy Danduga
- University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Viswanatha GL, Shylaja H, Moolemath Y. The beneficial role of Naringin- a citrus bioflavonoid, against oxidative stress-induced neurobehavioral disorders and cognitive dysfunction in rodents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:909-929. [PMID: 28810519 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Naringin is a bioflavonoid, very abundantly found in citrus species. In literature, naringin has been scientifically well documented for its beneficial effects in various neurological disorders. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we have made an attempt to correlate the protective role of naringin against oxidative stress-induced neurological disorders in rodents. METHODS The systematic search was performed using electronic databases; the search was mainly focused on the role of naringin in oxidative stress-induced neuropathological conditions in rodents. While, the meta-analysis was performed on the effect of naringin on oxidative stress markers [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO)], nitrite, mitochondrial complexes (I to IV) and enzymes (acetylcholinesterase, Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Mg2+-ATPase) in the rodent brain. The data was analyzed using Review Manager Software. THE RESULTS Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, twenty studies were selected. The meta-analysis revealed that, naringin could significantly inhibit various physical and chemical stimuli- induced neurological perturbances in the rodent brain, mediated through oxidative stress. Further, naringin also significantly restored the levels of all the oxidative stress markers (oxidative, nitrosative, enzymes, and mitochondrial complexes) in different parts of the rodent brain. SUMMARY This systematic review and meta-analysis supports the available scientific evidence on the beneficial role of naringin in the management of various neurological ailments. However, further studies involving human subjects is recommended to establish the safety and therapeutic efficacy in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - H Shylaja
- Independent Researcher, Kengeri, Bangalore, 560060, Karnataka, India
| | - Yogananda Moolemath
- Vittarthaa Life Sciences, Bommasandra Industrial Area, Bangalore, 560099, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Akbar S, Subhan F, Karim N, Aman U, Ullah S, Shahid M, Ahmad N, Fawad K, Sewell RD. Characterization of 6-methoxyflavanone as a novel anxiolytic agent: A behavioral and pharmacokinetic approach. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 801:19-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
43
|
Meyer E, Mori MA, Campos AC, Andreatini R, Guimarães FS, Milani H, de Oliveira RMW. Myricitrin induces antidepressant-like effects and facilitates adult neurogenesis in mice. Behav Brain Res 2017; 316:59-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
44
|
GABA Australis, some reflections on the history of GABA receptor research in Australia. Pharmacol Res 2016; 116:32-38. [PMID: 28017666 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Research on GABA receptors has a long history in Australia dating from 1958 with David Curtis and his colleagues in Canberra. This review traces many of the advances made in Australia guided by highly cited publications and some obscure ones. It covers the discovery of key chemicals with which to investigate GABA receptor function including bicuculline, muscimol, phaclofen, THIP and (+)-CAMP. Also described are findings relevant to the involvement of mutant GABA receptors in inherited epilepsy. The modulation of GABA receptors by a bewildering range of chemicals, especially by flavonoids and terpenoids, is discussed.
Collapse
|
45
|
Myricitrin Protects against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Counteracting Oxidative Stress and Inhibiting Mitochondrial Apoptosis via ERK/P53 Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:6093783. [PMID: 27703489 PMCID: PMC5039279 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6093783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most effective and widely used anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotics. Unfortunately, the use of Dox is limited by its cumulative and dose-dependent cardiac toxicity. Myricitrin, a natural flavonoid which is isolated from the ground bark of Myrica rubra, has recently been found to have a strong antioxidative effect. This study aimed to evaluate the possible protective effect of myricitrin against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms. An in vivo investigation in SD rats demonstrated that myricitrin significantly reduced the Dox-induced myocardial damage, as indicated by the decreases in the cardiac index, amelioration of heart pathological injuries, and decreases in the serum cardiac enzyme levels. In addition, in vitro studies showed that myricitrin effectively reduced the Dox-induced cell toxicity. Further study showed that myricitrin exerted its function by counteracting oxidative stress and increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, myricitrin suppressed the myocardial apoptosis induced by Dox, as indicated by decreases in the activation of caspase-3 and the numbers of TUNEL-positive cells, maintenance of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increase in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Further mechanism study revealed that myricitrin-induced suppression of myocardial apoptosis relied on the ERK/p53-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
Collapse
|
46
|
Scheggi S, Marandino A, Del Monte D, De Martino L, Pelliccia T, Del Rosario Fusco M, Petenatti EM, Gambarana C, De Feo V. The protective effect of Hypericum connatum on stress-induced escape deficit in rat is related to its flavonoid content. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:1782-1792. [PMID: 26731632 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1127979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae), used in moderate depression treatment, is active in experimental tests for antidepressant activity. For H. connatum Lam., a South American species lacking hyperforin, antidepressant effects have not been demonstrated. Objective This study evaluates the antidepressant-like effect of H. connatum in rats and identifies the components involved in this activity. Materials and methods First, the effects of acute and 14-d oral administrations of an extract derived from H. connatum aerial parts were studied using the Escape Deficit (ED) test. Next, methanol-extracted flavonoid-enriched fractions B and C and fraction-purified flavonoids (quercetin, rutin and isoquercitrin) were evaluated in the ED test after acute administration. To rule out possible confounding effects of the flavonoids, we examined nociceptive threshold using the tail-flick test and anxious behaviour using the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Results Hypericum connatum increased reactivity of unavoidable stress-exposed rats after acute (0.5 and 1 g/kg: ED = 18.6/30 and 19.8/30, respectively) and repeated administration (0.5 g/kg twice daily: ED = 17.8/30). Protective effects were observed for fractions B and C (250 mg/kg: ED = 18.1/30 and 18.8/30, respectively), quercetin (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg: ED = 15.3/30, 18.3/30 and 21.6/30, respectively), rutin (5 and 10 mg/kg: ED = 15.4/30 and 13.0/30, respectively) and isoquercitrin (2.5 mg/kg: ED = 19.2/30). The flavonoids did not modify nociceptive threshold or performance in the EPM test. Discussion and conclusion Hypericum connatum showed protective activity in the ED test, a correlate of potential antidepressant-like effects that appeared to be related to the flavonoid components of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Scheggi
- a Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - Aurelio Marandino
- b Department of Pharmacy , University of Salerno , Fisciano , Salerno , Italy
| | - Donato Del Monte
- b Department of Pharmacy , University of Salerno , Fisciano , Salerno , Italy
| | - Laura De Martino
- b Department of Pharmacy , University of Salerno , Fisciano , Salerno , Italy
| | - Teresa Pelliccia
- a Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - Maria Del Rosario Fusco
- c School of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmacy , National University of San Luis , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Elisa M Petenatti
- c School of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmacy , National University of San Luis , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Carla Gambarana
- a Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- b Department of Pharmacy , University of Salerno , Fisciano , Salerno , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Liu K, Wu L, Shi X, Wu F. Protective effect of naringin against ankylosing spondylitis via ossification, inflammation and oxidative stress in mice. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:1153-1158. [PMID: 27446336 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringin is an abundant flavanone in pomelo, grapefruit as well as lime and its variants, has been shown to exhibit certain antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and hypoglycemic effects. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the protective effects of naringin against ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to elucidate the potential underlying mechanism. Firstly, a mouse model of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was established. Next, osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and triglyceride (TG) activity values, inflammatory factor and oxidative stress were evaluated in the AS mice. Then, the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) protein expression levels in the AS mice were investigated using western blot analysis. The results showed that naringin increased OC, ALP and TG activity values in the AS mouse model. Furthermore, inflammatory factor and oxidative stress levels in the AS mice were restrained by treatment with naringin. Furthermore, JAK2 and STAT3 protein expression levels were reduced by treatment with naringin. In conclusion, the present results indicated that the protective effects of naringin against AS are exerted via the induction of ossification, suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress and the downregulation of JAK2/STAT3 in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Lianguo Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Fengqing Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Naringin and Sertraline Ameliorate Doxorubicin-Induced Behavioral Deficits Through Modulation of Serotonin Level and Mitochondrial Complexes Protection Pathway in Rat Hippocampus. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:2352-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1949-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
49
|
White PAS, Cercato LM, Batista VS, Camargo EA, De Lucca W, Oliveira AS, Silva FT, Goes TC, Oliveira ERA, Moraes VRS, Nogueira PCL, De Oliveira E Silva AM, Quintans-Junior LJ, Lima BS, Araújo AAS, Santos MRV. Aqueous extract of Chrysobalanus icaco leaves, in lower doses, prevent fat gain in obese high-fat fed mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 179:92-100. [PMID: 26723470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Due to the rise in obesity, the necessity for resources and treatments that could reduce the morbidity and mortality associated to this pandemia has emerged. The development of new anti-obesity drugs through herbal sources has been increasing in the past decades which are being used not only as medicine but also as food supplements. Previous studies with the aqueous extract of Chrysobalanus icaco L (AECI) have demonstrated activity on lowering blood glucose levels and body weight. AIM OF THE STUDY Investigate C. icaco effects in overall adiposity and glycemic homeostasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to standard chow (SC) or high-fat diet (HFD) and treated with AECI in 0.35mg/mL or 0.7mg/mL concentrations ad libitum. Food intake, feed efficiency, metabolic efficiency, body, fat pads and gastrocnemius weight, adiposity index, serum lipids, fecal lipid excretion, locomotor activity in the open field test and insulin and glucose tolerance tests were analyzed and compared. The major components of the extract were demonstrated through HPLC and its antioxidant activity analyzed through DPPH and lipid peroxidation. RESULTS The AECI in the 0.35mg/mL concentration did not affect food intake or body weight. However, it promoted lower adipose tissue gain, TG levels, and fecal lipid excretion, increased locomotor activity and lean mass weight, and normalized insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Moreover, AECI showed the presence of myricetin 3-O-glucuronide, rutin, quercitrin and myricitrin and demonstrated high-antioxidant activity. CONCLUSIONS AECI in lower concentrations can prevent fat storage or enhance fat utilization through the increase of locomotor activity. Also, this reinforces its ability to maintain glucose homeostasis through the normalization of insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance despite the high-fat diet intake. These activities could be associated to the extract's polyphenol content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P A S White
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
| | - L M Cercato
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - V S Batista
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - E A Camargo
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - W De Lucca
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - A S Oliveira
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - F T Silva
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - T C Goes
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - E R A Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - V R S Moraes
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - P C L Nogueira
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | | | - L J Quintans-Junior
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - B S Lima
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - A A S Araújo
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - M R V Santos
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Nirwane AM, Gupta PV, Shet JH, Patil SB. Anxiolytic and nootropic activity of Vetiveria zizanioides roots in mice. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2015; 6:158-64. [PMID: 26604550 PMCID: PMC4630689 DOI: 10.4103/0975-9476.146548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vetiveria zizanioides (VZ) (family: Poaceae), an aromatic plant commonly known as “Vetiver” has been used for various ailments. Concerning the various ailments being listed as the traditional uses of VZ, no mention about anxiety and memory was found. Objective: The present study examined the anxiolytic and memory enhancing activity of ethanolic extract of V. zizanioides (EEVZ) dried roots in mice. Materials and Methods: Activity of EEVZ was assessed using models of anxiety (elevated plus-maze [EPM], light/dark test, hole board test, marble-burying test) and learning and memory (EPM, passive shock avoidance paradigm). Results: EEVZ at doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg b.w. illustrated significant anxiolytic activity indicated by increase in time spent and number of entries in open arm, time spent in lightened area, number of head poking and number marble buried when compared to that of diazepam (1 mg/kg b.w.), a reference standard. The same treatment showed a significant decrease in transfer latency to reach open arm, shock-free zone, and number of mistakes when compared to that of scopolamine (0.3 mg/kg b.w.). EEVZ in all the doses (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg b.w.) significantly decreased mortality in sodium nitrite (250 mg/kg b.w.) induced hypoxia and also significantly increases contraction induced by acetylcholine on rat ileum preparation. Conclusion: The result emanated in the present investigation revealed EEVZ possesses significant anxiolytic and nootropic activity by possibly interplaying with neurotransmitters implicated in anxiety and learning and memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit M Nirwane
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Purnima V Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Jitesh H Shet
- Department of MGV's Pharmacy College, Panchavati, Nasik, India
| | - Sandeep B Patil
- Department of Appasaheb Birnale College of Pharmacy, Sangli, India
| |
Collapse
|