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Rahmati-Dehkordi F, Khanifar H, Najari N, Tamtaji Z, Talebi Taheri A, Aschner M, Shafiee Ardestani M, Mirzaei H, Dadgostar E, Nabavizadeh F, Tamtaji OR. Therapeutic Potential of Fingolimod on Psychological Symptoms and Cognitive Function in Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Disorders. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2668-2681. [PMID: 38918332 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04199-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders pose a significant global health burden, highlighting the need for innovative therapeutic approaches. Fingolimod (FTY720), a common drug to treat multiple sclerosis, has shown promising efficacy against various neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. Fingolimod exerts its neuroprotective effects by targeting multiple cellular and molecular processes, such as apoptosis, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and autophagy. By modulating Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor activity, a key regulator of immune cell trafficking and neuronal function, it also affects synaptic activity and strengthens memory formation. In the hippocampus, fingolimod decreases glutamate levels and increases GABA levels, suggesting a potential role in modulating synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability. Taken together, fingolimod has emerged as a promising neuroprotective agent for neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. Its broad spectrum of cellular and molecular effects, including the modulation of apoptosis, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, autophagy, and synaptic plasticity, provides a comprehensive therapeutic approach for these debilitating conditions. Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the mechanisms of action of fingolimod and optimize its use in the treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rahmati-Dehkordi
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Khanifar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shahre-kord University of Medical Sciences, Shahre-kord, Iran
| | - Nazanin Najari
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zeinab Tamtaji
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Talebi Taheri
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani
- Department of Radio Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Dadgostar
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Nabavizadeh
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Fischer C, Thomas D, Gurke R, Tegeder I. Brain region specific regulation of anandamide (down) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (up) in association with anxiety (AEA) and resilience (S1P) in a mouse model of chronic unpredictable mild stress. Pflugers Arch 2024:10.1007/s00424-024-03012-0. [PMID: 39177699 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-03012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Chronic unpredictable and unavoidable stress is associated with mental health problems such as depression and anxiety, whereas cycles of stress and stress relief strengthen resilience. It has been suggested that increased breakdown of brain endocannabinoids (eCB) promotes a feeling of adversity. To assess the impact of stress on bioactive lipid homeostasis, we analyzed eCB, sphingolipids, and ceramides in seven brain regions and plasma in a mouse model of chronic unpredictable mild stress. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was associated with low levels of anandamide in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in association with indicators of anxiety (elevated plus maze). Oppositely, CUMS caused elevated levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P d18:1) and sphinganine-1-phosphate (S1P d18:0) in the midbrain and thalamus, which was associated with readouts of increased stress resilience, i.e., marble burying and struggling in the tail suspension tests. In the periphery, elevated plasma levels of ceramides revealed similarities with human major depression and suggested unfavorable effects of stress on metabolism, but plasma lipids were not associated with body weight, sucrose consumption, or behavioral features of depression or anxiety. The observed brain site-specific lipid changes suggest that the forebrain succumbs to adverse stress effects while the midbrain takes up defensive adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Fischer
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Robert Gurke
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Irmgard Tegeder
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Maehashi S, Arora K, Fisher AL, Schweitzer DR, Akefe IO. Neurolipidomic insights into anxiety disorders: Uncovering lipid dynamics for potential therapeutic advances. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105741. [PMID: 38838875 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders constitute a spectrum of psychological conditions affecting millions of individuals worldwide, imposing a significant health burden. Historically, the development of anxiolytic medications has been largely focused on neurotransmitter function and modulation. However, in recent years, neurolipids emerged as a prime target for understanding psychiatric pathogenesis and developing novel medications. Neurolipids influence various neural activities such as neurotransmission and cellular functioning, as well as maintaining cell membrane integrity. Therefore, this review aims to elucidate the alterations in neurolipids associated with an anxious mental state and explore their potential as targets of novel anxiolytic medications. Existing evidence tentatively associates dysregulated neurolipid levels with the etiopathology of anxiety disorders. Notably, preclinical investigations suggest that several neurolipids, including endocannabinoids and polyunsaturated fatty acids, may hold promise as potential pharmacological targets. Overall, the current literature tentatively suggests the involvement of lipids in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders, hinting at potential prospects for future pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Maehashi
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Kabir Arora
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andre Lara Fisher
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Isaac Oluwatobi Akefe
- Academy for Medical Education, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.
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Li B, Yan Y, Zhang T, Xu H, Wu X, Yao G, Li X, Yan C, Wu LL. Quercetin reshapes gut microbiota homeostasis and modulates brain metabolic profile to regulate depression-like behaviors induced by CUMS in rats. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1362464. [PMID: 38595919 PMCID: PMC11002179 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1362464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, an abundant flavonoid compound in plants, is considered a novel antidepressant; however, its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of quercetin on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression-like behaviors in rats and explore the underlying mechanisms by combining untargeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of brain tissue metabolites and gut microbiota. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that at the phylum level, quercetin reduced Firmicutes and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and enhanced Cyanobacteria. At the genus level, quercetin downregulated 6 and upregulated 14 bacterial species. Metabolomics analysis revealed that quercetin regulated multiple metabolic pathways, including glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, sphingolipid metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, and coenzyme A biosynthesis. This modulation leads to improvements in depression-like phenotypes, anxiety-like phenotypes, and cognitive function, highlighting the therapeutic potential of quercetin in treating depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Can Yan
- Integrative Medicine Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Wu
- Integrative Medicine Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Yan Y, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Qin X, Zhai K, Du C. Screening the effective components of Suanzaoren decoction on the treatment of chronic restraint stress induced anxiety-like mice by integrated chinmedomics and network pharmacology. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154853. [PMID: 37156059 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suanzaoren decoction (SZRD) is a classical traditional Chinese prescription. It is widely used to treat mental disorders, including insomnia, anxiety, and depression, in China and other Asian countries. However, the effective components and mechanisms underlying SZRD remained unclear. PURPOSE We aimed to develop a new strategy to discover the effects and potential mechanisms of SZRD against anxiety and to further reveal the effective components of SZRD in treating anxiety. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS First, the chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced mouse model of anxiety was orally administered SZRD, and behavioral indicators and biochemical parameters were applied to assess efficacy. A chinmedomics strategy based on UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology and network pharmacology were then used to screen and explore potentially effective components and therapeutic mechanisms. Finally, molecular docking was applied to further confirm the effective components of SZRD, and a multivariate network for anxiolytic effects was constructed. RESULTS SZRD exerted anxiolytic effects by increasing the percentage of entries into open arms and the time spent in open arms; improving hippocampal 5-HT, GABA, and NE levels; and increasing serum corticosterone (CORT) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) levels caused by CRS challenge. Beside, SZRD exerted a sedative effect by decreasing sleep time and prolonging sleep latency with no muscle relaxation effect in CRS mice. A total of 110 components were identified in SZRD, 20 of which were absorbed in the blood. Twenty-one serum biomarkers involved in arachidonic acid, tryptophan, sphingolipid, and linoleic acid metabolism were identified after SZRD intervention. Finally, a multivariate network including prescription-effective components-targets-pathway of SZRD treating anxiety, including 11 effective components, 4 targets and 2 pathway was constructed. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated that integrating chinmedomics and network pharmacology was a powerful approach to investigating the effective components and therapeutic mechanisms of SZRD and provided a solid basis for the quality marker (Q-marker) of SZRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jiahan Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yinjie Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 121, Daxue Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030619, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Kefeng Zhai
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou University, 49, Bianhe Road, Suzhou, Anhui 234000, China.
| | - Chenhui Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 121, Daxue Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030619, China.
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Almandil NB, Alismail MA, Alsuwat HS, AlSulaiman A, AbdulAzeez S, Borgio JF. Exome-wide analysis identify multiple variations in olfactory receptor genes ( OR12D2 and OR5V1) associated with autism spectrum disorder in Saudi females. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1051039. [PMID: 36817779 PMCID: PMC9928728 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1051039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a multifactorial, neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by deficits in communication, restricted and repetitive behaviors. ASD is highly heritable in Saudi Arabia; indecencies of affected individuals are increasing. Objectives To identify the most significant genes and SNPs associated with the increased risk of ASD in Saudi females to give an insight for early diagnosis. Methods Pilot case-control study mostly emphasized on the significant SNPs and haplotypes contributing to Saudi females with ASD patients (n = 22) compared to controls (n = 51) without ASD. With the use of allelic association analysis tools, 243,345 SNPs were studied systematically and classified according to their significant association. The significant SNPs and their genes were selected for further investigation for mapping of ASD candidate causal variants and functional impact. Results In females, five risk SNPs at p ≤ 2.32 × 10-05 was identified in association with autism. The most significant exonic variants at chromosome 6p22.1 with olfactory receptor genes (OR12D2 and OR5V1) clustered with high linkage disequilibrium through haplotyping analysis. Comparison between highly associated genes (56 genes) of male and female autistic patients with female autistic samples revealed that 39 genes are unique biomarkers for Saudi females with ASD. Conclusion Multiple variations in olfactory receptor genes (OR5V1 and OR12D2) and single variations on SPHK1, PLCL2, AKAP9 and LOC107984893 genes are contributing to ASD in females of Arab origin. Accumulation of these multiple predisposed coding SNPs can increase the possibility of developing ASD in Saudi females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor B. Almandil
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Noor B Almandil,
| | - Maram Adnan Alismail
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia,College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Saleh Alsuwat
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulla AlSulaiman
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed AbdulAzeez
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - J. Francis Borgio
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang N, Yao L. Anxiolytic Effect of Essential Oils and Their Constituents: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:13790-13808. [PMID: 31148444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils are usually used in aromatherapy to alleviate anxiety symptoms. In comparison to traditional drugs, essential oils have fewer side effects and more diversified application ways, including inhalation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of studies on anxiolytic effects of essential oils in preclinical and clinical trials. Most of the essential oils used in clinical studies have been proven to be anxiolytic in animal models. Inhalation and oral administration were two common methods for essential oil administration in preclinical and clinical trials. Massage was only used in the clinical trials, while intraperitoneal injection was only used in the preclinical trails. In addition to essential oils that are commonly used in aromatherapy, essential oils from many folk medicinal plants have also been reported to be anxiolytic. More than 20 compounds derived from essential oils have shown an anxiolytic effect in rodents, while two-thirds of them are alcohols and terpenes. Monoamine neurotransmitters, amino acid neurotransmitters, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are thought to play important roles in the anxiolytic effects of essential oils.
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Grassi S, Mauri L, Prioni S, Cabitta L, Sonnino S, Prinetti A, Giussani P. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors and Metabolic Enzymes as Druggable Targets for Brain Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:807. [PMID: 31427962 PMCID: PMC6689979 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system is characterized by a high content of sphingolipids and by a high diversity in terms of different structures. Stage- and cell-specific sphingolipid metabolism and expression are crucial for brain development and maintenance toward adult age. On the other hand, deep dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism, leading to altered sphingolipid pattern, is associated with the majority of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, even those totally lacking a common etiological background. Thus, sphingolipid metabolism has always been regarded as a promising pharmacological target for the treatment of brain disorders. However, any therapeutic hypothesis applied to complex amphipathic sphingolipids, components of cellular membranes, has so far failed probably because of the high regional complexity and specificity of the different biological roles of these structures. Simpler sphingosine-based lipids, including ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate, are important regulators of brain homeostasis, and, thanks to the relative simplicity of their metabolic network, they seem a feasible druggable target for the treatment of brain diseases. The enzymes involved in the control of the levels of bioactive sphingoids, as well as the receptors engaged by these molecules, have increasingly allured pharmacologists and clinicians, and eventually fingolimod, a functional antagonist of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors with immunomodulatory properties, was approved for the therapy of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Considering the importance of neuroinflammation in many other brain diseases, we would expect an extension of the use of such analogs for the treatment of other ailments in the future. Nevertheless, many aspects other than neuroinflammation are regulated by bioactive sphingoids in healthy brain and dysregulated in brain disease. In this review, we are addressing the multifaceted possibility to address the metabolism and biology of bioactive sphingosine 1-phosphate as novel targets for the development of therapeutic paradigms and the discovery of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Grassi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Prioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Livia Cabitta
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Giussani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Li M, Liu X, Feng X. Cardiovascular toxicity and anxiety-like behavior induced by deltamethrin in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 219:155-164. [PMID: 30537588 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin is widely used because of its low toxicity and high efficiency. Although its potential toxicity has been reported, its effects on cardiovascular system and motor behavior and its underlying mechanisms have remained unclear. In this study, the effects of deltamethrin on the development, cardiovascular system and motor behavior of zebrafish larvae and their possible mechanisms were evaluated using the transgenic zebrafish Tg (kdrl:mCherry) and Tg(myl7:GFP). At 72 hpf, the body length of larvae shortened, the head and eye area decreased, and the hatching rate increased. Acridine orange staining showed that treated zebrafish larvae produced different degrees of apoptosis in the head, body, heart and tail regions. Quantitative fluorescence intensity showed a dose-dependent increase in apoptosis signal, indicating that deltamethrin could induce apoptosis. Confocal images and fluorescence intensity quantification of red fluorescent protein-labeled vascular endothelial cell and green fluorescent protein-labeled transgenic zebrafish more clearly reflected the dose-dependent cardiac and vascular morphology and the damage caused by deltamethrin. Deltamethrin significantly induced vascular endothelial growth factor flk1 and fli-1, cardiac development-related gene myl7 decreased in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, deltamethrin increased the thigmotaxis of zebrafish larvae, causing anxiety-like behavior. Our study showed that deltamethrin could cause developmental toxicity, apoptosis, cardiovascular system damage and anxiety-like behavior, which provided a reference for the use of deltamethrin in agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - XingYu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - XiZeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Abstract
The development of regenerative medicine has provided new perspectives in many scientific fields, including psychiatry. Stem cell research is getting us closer to discovering the biological foundation of mental disorders. In this chapter, we consider the information relating to stem cells and factors involved in their trafficking in peripheral blood in some psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety disorder, and alcohol dependence). The authors also include the implementation of current research regarding neurogenesis in adult brain and induced pluripotent stem cells in investigating concerns in etiopathogenesis of mental disorders as well as the implication of research for treatment of these disorders.
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Wu H, Zhang Q, Gao J, Sun C, Wang J, Xia W, Cao Y, Hao Y, Wu L. Modulation of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) attenuates spatial learning and memory impairments in the valproic acid rat model of autism. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:873-886. [PMID: 29218394 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4805-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a set of pervasive neurodevelopmental disorders that manifest in early childhood, and it is growing up to be a major cause of disability in children. However, the etiology and treatment of ASD are not well understood. In our previous study, we found that serum levels of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) were increased significantly in children with autism, indicating that S1P levels may be involved in ASD. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to identify a link between increased levels of S1P and neurobehavioral changes in autism. METHODS We utilized a valproic acid (VPA) -induced rat model of autism to evaluate the levels of S1P and the expression of sphingosine kinase (SphK), a key enzyme for S1P production, in serum and hippocampal tissue. Furthermore, we assessed cognitive functional changes and histopathological and neurochemical alterations in VPA-exposed rats after SphK blockade to explore the possible link between increased levels of S1P and neurobehavioral changes in autism. RESULTS We found that SphK2 and S1P are upregulated in hippocampal tissue from VPA-exposed rats, while pharmacological inhibition of SphK reduced S1P levels, attenuated spatial learning and memory impairments, increased the expression of phosphorylated CaMKII and CREB and autophagy-related proteins, inhibited cytochrome c release, decreased the expression of apoptosis related proteins, and protected against neuronal loss in the hippocampus. CONCLUSION We have demonstrated that an increased level of SphK2/S1P is involved in the spatial learning and memory impairments of autism, and this signaling pathway represents a novel therapeutic target and direction for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Wu
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University in Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Quanzhi Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University in Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China.,Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Jingquan Gao
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University in Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Caihong Sun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Yonggang Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University in Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Yanqiu Hao
- Department of pediatrics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Lijie Wu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China.
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12
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Lipids in psychiatric disorders and preventive medicine. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 76:336-362. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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13
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Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor therapies: Advances in clinical trials for CNS-related diseases. Neuropharmacology 2017; 113:597-607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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Chiurchiù V, Maccarrone M. Bioactive lipids as modulators of immunity, inflammation and emotions. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2016; 29:54-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Brain membrane lipids in major depression and anxiety disorders. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015; 1851:1052-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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16
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Variations in the neonatal environment modulate adult behavioral and brain responses to palatable food withdrawal in adult female rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2014; 40:70-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Jadhav S, Greenberg ML. Harnessing the power of yeast to elucidate the role of sphingolipids in metabolic and signaling processes pertinent to psychiatric disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 9:533-551. [PMID: 25750665 DOI: 10.2217/clp.14.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders is hampered by the lack of understanding of the mechanisms underlying their pathologies. While aberrant sphingolipid metabolism is associated with psychiatric illness, the role of sphingolipids in these disorders is not understood. The genetically tractable yeast model can be exploited in order to elucidate the cellular consequences of sphingolipid perturbation. Hypotheses generated from studies in yeast and tested in mammalian cells may contribute to our understanding of the role of sphingolipids in psychiatric disorders and to the development of new treatments. Here, we compare sphingolipid metabolism in yeast and mammalian cells, discuss studies implicating sphingolipids in psychiatric disorders and propose approaches that utilize yeast in order to elucidate sphingolipid function and identify drugs that target sphingolipid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamalagauri Jadhav
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Miriam L Greenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Hajifathali A, Saba F, Atashi A, Soleimani M, Mortaz E, Rasekhi M. The role of catecholamines in mesenchymal stem cell fate. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 358:651-65. [PMID: 25173883 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells found in many adult tissues, especially bone marrow (BM) and are capable of differentiation into various lineage cells such as osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes and myocytes. Moreover, MSCs can be mobilized from connective tissue into circulation and from there to damaged sites to contribute to regeneration processes. MSCs commitment and differentiation are controlled by complex activities involving signal transduction through cytokines and catecholamines. There has been an increasing interest in recent years in the neural system, functioning in the support of stem cells like MSCs. Recent efforts have indicated that the catecholamine released from neural and not neural cells could be affected characteristics of MSCs. However, there have not been review studies of most aspects involved in catecholamines-mediated functions of MSCs. Thus, in this review paper, we will try to describe the current state of catecholamines in MSCs destination and discuss strategies being used for catecholamines for migration of these cells to damaged tissues. Then, the role of the nervous system in the induction of osteogenesis, adipogenesis, chondrogenesis and myogenesis from MSCs is discussed. Recent progress in studies of signaling transduction of catecholamines in determination of the final fate of MSCs is highlighted. Hence, the knowledge of interaction between MSCs with the neural system could be applied towards the development of new diagnostic and treatment alternatives for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Hajifathali
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lim H, Jang S, Lee Y, Moon S, Kim J, Oh S. Enhancement of Anxiety and Modulation of TH and pERK Expressions in Amygdala by Repeated Injections of Corticosterone. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2013; 20:418-24. [PMID: 24009830 PMCID: PMC3762270 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2012.20.4.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeated stress induces corticosterone release. However, it is not clear that stress results in further elevation of corticosterone levels, and the roles of released corticosterone to aggravate stress-related symptoms are also not clear. This study investigated whether neuronal modulation was induced in the amygdala after two kinds of stress, that is, such as electric shock and corticosterone injection. It was found that stress by electric shock decreased the expression of tyrosine hydoroxylase (TH) in the amygdala while the expression of pERK was increased. However, there is no difference in the expressions of TH and pERK in the frontal cortex compared with those of the control group. The level of corticosterone was significantly increased in the serum after stress. To determine the effect of corticosterone on the induction of anxiety and the expression of TH, the rats received corticosterone (20 mg or 40 mg/kg i.p.) for 1 day, 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks, respectively. The spent time in open arms of the EPM (elevated plus maze) test was significantly decreased after 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks. The time spent in open arms of the EPM test after repeated injections of corticosterone was significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of TH in the amygdala was reduced after following repeated corticosterone treatment for 2 weeks and 3 weeks. Collectively, this study suggests that corticosterone has a major role in the induction of anxiety and the modulation of TH expression, at least, in the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Lim
- Department of Neuroscience and TIDRC, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710, Republic of Korea
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20
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Mühle C, Reichel M, Gulbins E, Kornhuber J. Sphingolipids in psychiatric disorders and pain syndromes. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2013:431-456. [PMID: 23563670 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-1511-4_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence and devastating impact of psychiatric disorders, little is known about their etiopathology. In this review, we provide an overview on the participation of sphingolipids and enzymes responsible for their metabolism in mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders. We focus on the pathway from sphingomyelin to proapoptotic ceramide and the subsequent metabolism of ceramide to sphingosine, which is in turn phosphorylated to yield anti-apoptotic sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P).The sphingomyelinase/ceramide system has been linked to effects of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines in the central nervous system as well as to synaptic transmission. Compared to ubiquitously expressed acid sphingomyelinase, acid and neutral ceramidase and neutral sphingomyelinase are highly active in brain regions. Depressed patients show elevated plasma ceramide levels and increased activities of acid sphingomyelinase which is functionally inhibited by many anti-depressive drugs. Exposure to alcohol is associated with an activation of acid and neutral sphingomyelinase observed in cell culture, mouse models and in alcohol-dependent patients and with increased concentrations of ceramide in various organs.Levels of sphingomyelin and ceramide are altered in erythrocytes and post-mortem brain tissues of schizophrenic patients in addition to changes in expression patterns for serine palmitoyltransferase and acid ceramidase leading to impaired myelination. After induction of anxiety-like behavior in animal models, higher serum levels of S1P were reported to lead to neurodegeneration. Correspondingly, S1P infusion appeared to increase anxiety-like behavior. Significantly upregulated levels of the endogenous ceramide catabolite N,N-dimethylsphingosine were observed in rat models of allodynia. Conversely, rats injected intrathecally with N,N-dimethylsphingosine developed mechanical allodynia. Moreover, S1P has been implicated in spinal nociceptive processing.The increasing interest in lipidomics and improved analytical methods led to growing insight into the connection between psychiatric and neurological disorders and sphingolipid metabolism and may once provide new targets and strategies for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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Kim HR, Moon S, Lee HK, Kang JL, Oh S, Seoh JY. Immune dysregulation in chronic stress: a quantitative and functional assessment of regulatory T cells. Neuroimmunomodulation 2012; 19:187-94. [PMID: 22262136 DOI: 10.1159/000331586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic stress is closely related to immune dysfunction. Immune parameters have been analyzed in many ways in humans and animals under chronic stress. Recently, it has been proved that FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a key role in immune regulation in vivo. However, it has not yet been elucidated how Tregs respond to chronic stress in vivo. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the frequency of and functional changes in Tregs from mice under chronic stress. METHODS Spleen cells were separated from C57/BL6 mice that had been exposed to immobilization stress for 3 weeks. The frequencies of FoxP3+ and CD4+ CD25+ cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. CD4+CD25- cells (effector T cells, Teffs), CD4+CD25+ cells (Tregs) and CD4- cells (antigen-presenting cells, APCs) were separated for the functional assessment of the proliferative activity of Teffs, the suppressive activity of Tregs and the feeder activity of APCs. RESULTS The results showed that chronic immobilization stress significantly increased the frequencies of CD4+CD25+ and CD4+FoxP3+ cells. Chronic immobilization stress also enhanced the suppressive function of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs. On the other hand, the proliferative activity of Teffs and the feeder activity of APCs were decreased in the mice under chronic immobilization stress. CONCLUSION Taken together, it is suggested that increased number and function of Tregs may actively contribute to the immune dysfunction in chronic immobilization stress, synergizing with the decreased function of Teffs and APCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Ran Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Hwang YS, Shim I, Chang JW. Anxiety responses and neurochemical changes in a kaolin-induced rat model of hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2011; 7:401-7. [PMID: 21456913 DOI: 10.3171/2011.1.peds10182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Hydrocephalus is a pathological enlargement of the ventricles of the brain, which can result from various diseases of the central nervous system. Patients with hydrocephalus frequently show motor abnormalities, such as abnormal gait and posture, as well as intellectual and emotional impairment. The present study was designed to investigate anxiety responses in rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus. METHODS A total of 26 Sprague-Dawley rats were used for this study. Hydrocephalus was induced in 14 Sprague-Dawley rats by injecting 0.1 ml of 20% kaolin solution into the cisterna magna; 12 rats were administered the same volume of saline in the same fashion and served as controls. Seven of the rats that were injected with kaolin and 6 of the rats injected with saline were killed 3 days after injection (Group 1); the remaining rats were killed 4 weeks after injection (Group 2) to evaluate effects related to acute and chronic hydrocephalus. The rats were tested in an elevated plus maze after induction of hydrocephalus by kaolin injection. After the animals were killed, brain sections were immunostained for cholecystokinin and neuropeptide Y. In addition, tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the ventral tegmental area was evaluated by immunohistological staining. RESULTS The rats with acute hydrocephalus showed decreased entry into and spent less time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze as compared with the control rats. The hydrocephalic rats had significantly more cholecystokinin-immunoreactive neurons and fewer neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive neurons in their brains. In addition, hydrocephalus progress in this model was positively correlated with the anxiety response. The numbers of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons were decreased significantly in the hydrocephalic rats as compared with the control rats. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the rat model of hydrocephalus is characterized by increased anxiety response and is associated with the functional impairment of the central dopamine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sup Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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