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Böde K, Javornik U, Dlouhý O, Zsíros O, Biswas A, Domonkos I, Šket P, Karlický V, Ughy B, Lambrev PH, Špunda V, Plavec J, Garab G. Role of isotropic lipid phase in the fusion of photosystem II membranes. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024; 161:127-140. [PMID: 38662326 PMCID: PMC11269484 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
It has been thoroughly documented, by using 31P-NMR spectroscopy, that plant thylakoid membranes (TMs), in addition to the bilayer (or lamellar, L) phase, contain at least two isotropic (I) lipid phases and an inverted hexagonal (HII) phase. However, our knowledge concerning the structural and functional roles of the non-bilayer phases is still rudimentary. The objective of the present study is to elucidate the origin of I phases which have been hypothesized to arise, in part, from the fusion of TMs (Garab et al. 2022 Progr Lipid Res 101,163). We take advantage of the selectivity of wheat germ lipase (WGL) in eliminating the I phases of TMs (Dlouhý et al. 2022 Cells 11: 2681), and the tendency of the so-called BBY particles, stacked photosystem II (PSII) enriched membrane pairs of 300-500 nm in diameter, to form large laterally fused sheets (Dunahay et al. 1984 BBA 764: 179). Our 31P-NMR spectroscopy data show that BBY membranes contain L and I phases. Similar to TMs, WGL selectively eliminated the I phases, which at the same time exerted no effect on the molecular organization and functional activity of PSII membranes. As revealed by sucrose-density centrifugation, magnetic linear dichroism spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, WGL disassembled the large laterally fused sheets. These data provide direct experimental evidence on the involvement of I phase(s) in the fusion of stacked PSII membrane pairs, and strongly suggest the role of non-bilayer lipids in the self-assembly of the TM system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Böde
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Uroš Javornik
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ondřej Dlouhý
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Ottó Zsíros
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Avratanu Biswas
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Domonkos
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Primož Šket
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Václav Karlický
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bettina Ughy
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Petar H Lambrev
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Vladimír Špunda
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Janez Plavec
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- EN-FIST Center of Excellence, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Győző Garab
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
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Madireddi SK, Yadav RM, Zamal MY, Bag P, Gunasekaran JX, Subramanyam R. Exploring LHCSR3 expression and its role in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under osmotic stress: Implications for non-photochemical quenching mechanism. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 256:112941. [PMID: 38763078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Plants have a protective mechanism called non-photochemical quenching to prevent damage caused by excessive sunlight. A critical component of this mechanism is energy-dependent quenching (qE). In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the protein expression called light-harvesting complex stress-related protein 3 (LHCSR3) is crucial for the qE mechanism. LHCSR3 expression is observed in various conditions that result in photooxidation, such as exposure to high light or nutrient deprivation, where the amount of captured light surpasses the maximum photosynthetic capacity. Although the role of LHCSR3 has been extensively studied under high light (HL) conditions, its function during nutrient starvation remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that LHCSR3 expression can occur under light intensities below saturation without triggering qE, particularly when nutrients are limited. To investigate this, we cultivated C. reinhardtii cells under osmotic stress, which replicates conditions of nutrient scarcity. Furthermore, we examined the photosynthetic membrane complexes of wild-type (WT) and npq4 mutant strains grown under osmotic stress. Our analysis revealed that LHCSR3 expression might modify the interaction between the photosystem II core and its peripheral light-harvesting complex II antennae. This alteration could potentially impede the transfer of excitation energy from the antenna to the reaction center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Kiran Madireddi
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Ranay Mohan Yadav
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Mohammad Yusuf Zamal
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Pushan Bag
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Jerome Xavier Gunasekaran
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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Dsouza L, Li X, Erić V, Huijser A, Jansen TLC, Holzwarth AR, Buda F, Bryant DA, Bahri S, Gupta KBSS, Sevink GJA, de Groot HJM. An integrated approach towards extracting structural characteristics of chlorosomes from a bchQ mutant of Chlorobaculum tepidum. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:15856-15867. [PMID: 38546236 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00221k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Chlorosomes, the photosynthetic antenna complexes of green sulfur bacteria, are paradigms for light-harvesting elements in artificial designs, owing to their efficient energy transfer without protein participation. We combined magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR, optical spectroscopy and cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to characterize the structure of chlorosomes from a bchQ mutant of Chlorobaculum tepidum. The chlorosomes of this mutant have a more uniform composition of bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) with a predominant homolog, [8Ethyl, 12Ethyl] BChl c, compared to the wild type (WT). Nearly complete 13C chemical shift assignments were obtained from well-resolved homonuclear 13C-13C RFDR data. For proton assignments heteronuclear 13C-1H (hCH) data sets were collected at 1.2 GHz spinning at 60 kHz. The CHHC experiments revealed intermolecular correlations between 132/31, 132/32, and 121/31, with distance constraints of less than 5 Å. These constraints indicate the syn-anti parallel stacking motif for the aggregates. Fourier transform cryo-EM data reveal an axial repeat of 1.49 nm for the helical tubular aggregates, perpendicular to the inter-tube separation of 2.1 nm. This axial repeat is different from WT and is in line with BChl syn-anti stacks running essentially parallel to the tube axis. Such a packing mode is in agreement with the signature of the Qy band in circular dichroism (CD). Combining the experimental data with computational insight suggests that the packing for the light-harvesting function is similar between WT and bchQ, while the chirality within the chlorosomes is modestly but detectably affected by the reduced compositional heterogeneity in bchQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lolita Dsouza
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Xinmeng Li
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Department of Chemistry and Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, University of Oslo, 0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vesna Erić
- Zernike Institute of Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Huijser
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas L C Jansen
- Zernike Institute of Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred R Holzwarth
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Francesco Buda
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Donald A Bryant
- Department for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Salima Bahri
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - G J Agur Sevink
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Huub J M de Groot
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Bashir S, Aiman A, Chaudhary AA, Khan N, Ahanger IA, Sami N, Almugri EA, Ali MA, Khan SUD, Shahid M, Basir SF, Hassan MI, Islam A. Probing protein aggregation through spectroscopic insights and multimodal approaches: A comprehensive review for counteracting neurodegenerative disorders. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27949. [PMID: 38689955 PMCID: PMC11059433 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Aberrant accumulation of protein misfolding can cause aggregation and fibrillation and is one of the primary characteristic features of neurodegenerative diseases. Because they are disordered, misfolded, and aggregated proteins pose a significant setback in drug designing. The structural study of intermediate steps in these kinds of aggregated proteins will allow us to determine the conformational changes as well as the probable pathways encompassing various neurodegenerative disorders. The analysis of protein aggregates involved in neurodegenerative diseases relies on a diverse toolkit of biophysical techniques, encompassing both morphological and non-morphological methods. Additionally, Thioflavin T (ThT) assays and Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy facilitate investigations into aggregation kinetics and secondary structure alterations. The collective application of these biophysical techniques empowers researchers to comprehensively unravel the intricate nature of protein aggregates associated with neurodegeneration. Furthermore, the topics covered in this review have summed up a handful of well-established techniques used for the structural analysis of protein aggregation. This multifaceted approach advances our fundamental understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving neurodegenerative diseases and informs potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sania Bashir
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Ayesha Aiman
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nashrah Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Ishfaq Ahmad Ahanger
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Neha Sami
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Eman Abdullah Almugri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A.M. Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salah-Ud-Din Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic Universi-ty (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seemi Farhat Basir
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
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Gelzinis A, Chmeliov J, Tutkus M, Vitulskienė E, Franckevičius M, Büchel C, Robert B, Valkunas L. Fluorescence quenching in aggregates of fucoxanthin-chlorophyll protein complexes: Interplay of fluorescing and dark states. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2024; 1865:149030. [PMID: 38163538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2023.149030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Diatoms, a major group of algae, account for about a quarter of the global primary production on Earth. These photosynthetic organisms face significant challenges due to light intensity variations in their underwater habitat. To avoid photodamage, they have developed very efficient non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) mechanisms. These mechanisms originate in their light-harvesting antenna - the fucoxanthin-chlorophyll protein (FCP) complexes. Spectroscopic studies of NPQ in vivo are often hindered by strongly overlapping signals from the photosystems and their antennae. Fortunately, in vitro FCP aggregates constitute a useful model system to study fluorescence (FL) quenching in diatoms. In this work, we present streak-camera FL measurements on FCPa and FCPb complexes, isolated from a centric diatom Cyclotella meneghiniana, and their aggregates. We find that spectra of non-aggregated FCP are dominated by a single fluorescing species, but the FL spectra of FCP aggregates additionally contain contributions from a redshifted emissive state. We relate this red state to a charge transfer state between chlorophyll c and chlorophyll a molecules. The FL quenching, on the other hand, is due to an additional dark state that involves incoherent energy transfer to the fucoxanthin carotenoids. Overall, the global picture of energy transfer and quenching in FCP aggregates is very similar to that of major light-harvesting complexes in higher plants (LHCII), but microscopic details between FCPs and LHCIIs differ significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrius Gelzinis
- Department of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Ave. 9-III, 10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jevgenij Chmeliov
- Department of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Ave. 9-III, 10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marijonas Tutkus
- Department of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Ave. 7, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ernesta Vitulskienė
- Department of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marius Franckevičius
- Department of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Claudia Büchel
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bruno Robert
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Leonas Valkunas
- Department of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Ave. 9-III, 10222 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Lima RLS, Araújo PT, Barbosa Neto NM. Troubleshooting spectral artifacts from biplate retarders for reliable Stokes spectropolarimetry. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:103102. [PMID: 37796094 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Polarimetry is generally used to determine the polarization state of light beams in various research fields, such as biomedicine, astronomy, and materials science. In particular, the rotating quarter-wave plate polarimeter is an inexpensive and versatile option used in several single-wavelength applications to determine the four Stokes parameters. Extending this technique to broadband spectroscopic measurements is of great scientific interest since the information on light polarization is highly sensitive to anisotropic phenomena. However, the need for achromatic polarizing elements, especially quarter-wave plates, requires special attention in their modeling. In this study, we implemented a rotating retarder spectropolarimeter for broadband measurements using a commercially available quasi-achromatic biplate retarder over the visible range. Here, we present a comprehensive approach for troubleshooting this type of spectropolarimeter through the observation of artifacts stemming from the standard single-plate retarder model. Then, we derive a more suitable model for a quasi-achromatic retarder consisting of a biplate junction. This new biplate model requires knowledge of the intrinsic dispersive properties of the biplate, namely the equivalent retardance, fast axis tilt, and rotatory angle. Hence, in this study, we also show a self-consistent methodology to determine these biplate properties using the same polarimeter apparatus so that accurate Stokes parameters can be determined independently. Finally, the comparison of data generated with the standard single-plate and new biplate models shows a significant improvement in the measurement precision of the investigated polarization states, which confirms that remodeling the retarder for reliable spectropolarimetry is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruan L S Lima
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Paulo T Araújo
- Departament of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Box 870324, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
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Yadav RM, Marriboina S, Zamal MY, Pandey J, Subramanyam R. High light-induced changes in whole-cell proteomic profile and its correlation with the organization of thylakoid super-complex in cyclic electron transport mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1198474. [PMID: 37521924 PMCID: PMC10374432 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1198474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Light and nutrients are essential components of photosynthesis. Activating the signaling cascades is critical in starting adaptive processes in response to high light. In this study, we have used wild-type (WT), cyclic electron transport (CET) mutants like Proton Gradient Regulation (PGR) (PGRL1), and PGR5 to elucidate the actual role in regulation and assembly of photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes under high light. Here, we have correlated the biophysical, biochemical, and proteomic approaches to understand the targeted proteins and the organization of thylakoid pigment-protein complexes in the photoacclimation. The proteomic analysis showed that 320 proteins were significantly affected under high light compared to the control and are mainly involved in the photosynthetic electron transport chain, protein synthesis, metabolic process, glycolysis, and proteins involved in cytoskeleton assembly. Additionally, we observed that the cytochrome (Cyt) b6 expression is increased in the pgr5 mutant to regulate proton motive force and ATPase across the thylakoid membrane. The increased Cyt b6 function in pgr5 could be due to the compromised function of chloroplast (cp) ATP synthase subunits for energy generation and photoprotection under high light. Moreover, our proteome data show that the photosystem subunit II (PSBS) protein isoforms (PSBS1 and PSBS2) expressed more than the Light-Harvesting Complex Stress-Related (LHCSR) protein in pgr5 compared to WT and pgrl1 under high light. The immunoblot data shows the photosystem II proteins D1 and D2 accumulated more in pgrl1 and pgr5 than WT under high light. In high light, CP43 and CP47 showed a reduced amount in pgr5 under high light due to changes in chlorophyll and carotenoid content around the PSII protein, which coordinates as a cofactor for efficient energy transfer from the light-harvesting antenna to the photosystem core. BN-PAGE and circular dichroism studies indicate changes in macromolecular assembly and thylakoid super-complexes destacking in pgrl1 and pgr5 due to changes in the pigment-protein complexes under high light. Based on this study, we emphasize that this is an excellent aid in understanding the role of CET mutants in thylakoid protein abundances and super-complex organization under high light.
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Curti M, Maffeis V, Teixeira Alves Duarte LG, Shareef S, Hallado LX, Curutchet C, Romero E. Engineering excitonically coupled dimers in an artificial protein for light harvesting via computational modeling. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4579. [PMID: 36715022 PMCID: PMC9951196 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In photosynthesis, pigment-protein complexes achieve outstanding photoinduced charge separation efficiencies through a set of strategies in which excited states delocalization over multiple pigments ("excitons") and charge-transfer states play key roles. These concepts, and their implementation in bioinspired artificial systems, are attracting increasing attention due to the vast potential that could be tapped by realizing efficient photochemical reactions. In particular, de novo designed proteins provide a diverse structural toolbox that can be used to manipulate the geometric and electronic properties of bound chromophore molecules. However, achieving excitonic and charge-transfer states requires closely spaced chromophores, a non-trivial aspect since a strong binding with the protein matrix needs to be maintained. Here, we show how a general-purpose artificial protein can be optimized via molecular dynamics simulations to improve its binding capacity of a chlorophyll derivative, achieving complexes in which chromophores form two closely spaced and strongly interacting dimers. Based on spectroscopy results and computational modeling, we demonstrate each dimer is excitonically coupled, and propose they display signatures of charge-transfer state mixing. This work could open new avenues for the rational design of chromophore-protein complexes with advanced functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Curti
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)TarragonaSpain
| | - Valentin Maffeis
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)TarragonaSpain
- Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR 5182, ENS Lyon, CNRSUniversité Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | | | - Saeed Shareef
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Física i InorgànicaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragonaSpain
| | - Luisa Xiomara Hallado
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Física i InorgànicaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragonaSpain
| | - Carles Curutchet
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'AlimentacióUniversitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Elisabet Romero
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)TarragonaSpain
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Pandey J, Devadasu E, Saini D, Dhokne K, Marriboina S, Raghavendra AS, Subramanyam R. Reversible changes in structure and function of photosynthetic apparatus of pea (Pisum sativum) leaves under drought stress. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:60-74. [PMID: 36377283 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The effects of drought on photosynthesis have been extensively studied, whereas those on thylakoid organization are limited. We observed a significant decline in gas exchange parameters of pea (Pisum sativum) leaves under progressive drought stress. Chl a fluorescence kinetics revealed the reduction of photochemical efficiency of photosystem (PS)II and PSI. The non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and the levels of PSII subunit PSBS increased. Furthermore, the light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) and some of the PSI and PSII core proteins were disassembled in drought conditions, whereas these complexes were reassociated during recovery. By contrast, the abundance of supercomplexes of PSII-LHCII and PSII dimer were reduced, whereas LHCII monomers increased following the change in the macro-organization of thylakoids. The stacks of thylakoids were loosely arranged in drought-affected plants, which could be attributed to changes in the supercomplexes of thylakoids. Severe drought stress caused a reduction of both LHCI and LHCII and a few reaction center proteins of PSI and PSII, indicating significant disorganization of the photosynthetic machinery. After 7 days of rewatering, plants recovered well, with restored chloroplast thylakoid structure and photosynthetic efficiency. The correlation of structural changes with leaf reactive oxygen species levels indicated that these changes were associated with the production of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayendra Pandey
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Elsinraju Devadasu
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Deepak Saini
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Kunal Dhokne
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Sureshbabu Marriboina
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Agepati S Raghavendra
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
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Devadasu E, Kanna SD, Neelam S, Yadav RM, Nama S, Akhtar P, Polgár TF, Ughy B, Garab G, Lambrev PH, Subramanyam R. Long- and short-term acclimation of the photosynthetic apparatus to salinity in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The role of Stt7 protein kinase. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1051711. [PMID: 37089643 PMCID: PMC10113551 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1051711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress triggers an Stt7-mediated LHCII-phosphorylation signaling mechanism similar to light-induced state transitions. However, phosphorylated LHCII, after detaching from PSII, does not attach to PSI but self-aggregates instead. Salt is a major stress factor in the growth of algae and plants. Here, our study mainly focuses on the organization of the photosynthetic apparatus to the long-term responses of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to elevated NaCl concentrations. We analyzed the physiological effects of salt treatment at a cellular, membrane, and protein level by microscopy, protein profile analyses, transcripts, circular dichroism spectroscopy, chlorophyll fluorescence transients, and steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. We have ascertained that cells that were grown in high-salinity medium form palmelloids sphere-shaped colonies, where daughter cells with curtailed flagella are enclosed within the mother cell walls. Palmelloid formation depends on the presence of a cell wall, as it was not observed in a cell-wall-less mutant CC-503. Using the stt7 mutant cells, we show Stt7 kinase-dependent phosphorylation of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) in both short- and long-term treatments of various NaCl concentrations-demonstrating NaCl-induced state transitions that are similar to light-induced state transitions. The grana thylakoids were less appressed (with higher repeat distances), and cells grown in 150 mM NaCl showed disordered structures that formed diffuse boundaries with the flanking stroma lamellae. PSII core proteins were more prone to damage than PSI. At high salt concentrations (100-150 mM), LHCII aggregates accumulated in the thylakoid membranes. Low-temperature and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that the stt7 mutant was more sensitive to salt stress, suggesting that LHCII phosphorylation has a role in the acclimation and protection of the photosynthetic apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsinraju Devadasu
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sai Divya Kanna
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Satyabala Neelam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ranay Mohan Yadav
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Srilatha Nama
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Parveen Akhtar
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás F. Polgár
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
- Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bettina Ughy
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Győző Garab
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Petar H. Lambrev
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
- *Correspondence: Rajagopal Subramanyam,
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11
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Li G, Chen Z, Zhang H, Yu M, Zhang H, Chen J, Wang Z, Yin S, Lin W, Gong P, Zeng L, Zhu X, Wei W, Tian M, Li L. Abnormal linear dichroism transition in two-dimensional PdPS. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:14129-14134. [PMID: 36111459 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03587a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The linear dichroism (LD) conversion shows promising applications for polarized detectors, optical transition and light propagation. However, polarity reversal always occurs at a certain wavelength in LD materials, which can only distinguish two wavelength bands as wavelength-selective photodetectors. In this study, the multi-degree-of-freedom of optical anisotropy based on 2D PdPS flakes is carefully described, in which four critical switching wavelengths are observed. Remarkably, the quadruple LD conversion shows a significant wavelength-dependent behavior, allowing us to pinpoint five wavelength bands, 200-239 nm, 239-259 nm, 259-469 nm, 469-546 nm, and 546-700 nm, for a wavelength-selective approach to photodetectors. In addition, the polarized photoresponse under 532 nm was realized with an anisotropy factor of ∼1.51 and further illustrated the in-plane anisotropy. Raman spectroscopy of PdPS flakes also shows strong phonon anisotropy. The unique wavelength-selective property shows great potential for the miniaturization and integration of photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China.
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Chen
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei 230031, P. R. China.
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Mengxi Yu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Jiawnag Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Yin
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Weichang Lin
- Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Department, Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Penglai Gong
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Longhui Zeng
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiangde Zhu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei 230031, P. R. China.
| | - Wensen Wei
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei 230031, P. R. China.
| | - Mingliang Tian
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei 230031, P. R. China.
| | - Liang Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China.
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
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12
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Patty CL, Pommerol A, Kühn JG, Demory BO, Thomas N. Directional Aspects of Vegetation Linear and Circular Polarization Biosignatures. ASTROBIOLOGY 2022; 22:1034-1046. [PMID: 35984943 PMCID: PMC9508456 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2021.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Homochirality is a generic and unique property of all biochemical life and it is considered a universal and agnostic biosignature. Upon interaction with unpolarized light, homochirality induces fractional circular polarization in the light that is scattered from it, which can be sensed remotely. As such, it can be a prime candidate biosignature in the context of future life detection missions and observatories. The linear polarizance of vegetation is also sometimes envisaged as a biosignature, although it does not share the same molecular origin as circular polarization. It is known that linear polarization of surfaces is strongly dependent on the phase angle. The relationship between the phase angle and circular polarization stemming from macromolecular assemblies such as in vegetation, however, remained unclear. In this study, using the average of 27 different species, we demonstrate that the circular polarization-phase angle dependency of vegetation induces relatively small changes in spectral shape and mostly affects the signal magnitude. With these results, we underline the use of circular spectropolarimetry as a promising agnostic biosignature complementary to the use of linear spectropolarimetry and scalar reflectance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.H. Lucas Patty
- Weltraumforschung und Planetologie (WP), Physikalisches Institut and Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Pommerol
- Weltraumforschung und Planetologie (WP), Physikalisches Institut and Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jonas G. Kühn
- Center for Space and Habitability, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Département d'Astronomie, Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicolas Thomas
- Weltraumforschung und Planetologie (WP), Physikalisches Institut and Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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13
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Nöthling JA, Mancal T, Kruger T. Accuracy of approximate methods for the calculation of absorption-type linear spectra with a complex system-bath coupling. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:095103. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0100977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The accuracy of approximate methods for calculating linear optical spectra depends on many variables. In this study, we fix most of these parameters to typical values found in photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes of plants and determine the accuracy of approximate spectra with respect to exact calculation as a function of the energy gap and interpigment coupling in a pigment dimer. We use a spectral density with the first eight intramolecular modes of chlorophyll a and include inhomogeneous disorder for the calculation of spectra. We compare the accuracy of absorption, linear dichroism, and circular dichroism spectra calculated using the Full Cumulant Expansion (FCE), coherent time-dependent Redfield (ctR), and time-independent Redfield and modified Redfield methods. As a reference we use spectra calculated with the Exact Stochastic Path Integral Evaluation method. We find the FCE method to be the most accurate for the calculation of all spectra. The ctR method performs well for the qualitative calculation of absorption and linear dichroism spectra when pigments are moderately coupled (∼15 cm-1), but ctR spectra may differ significantly from exact spectra when strong interpigment coupling (>100 cm-1) is present. The dependence of the quality of Redfield and modified Redfield spectra on molecular parameters is similar, and these methods almost always perform worse than ctR, especially when the interpigment coupling is strong or the excitonic energy gap is small (for a given coupling). The accuracy of approximate spectra is not affected by resonance with intramolecular modes for typical system-bath coupling and disorder values found in plant light-harvesting complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomas Mancal
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Czech Republic
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14
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Dhokne K, Pandey J, Yadav RM, Ramachandran P, Rath JR, Subramanyam R. Change in the photochemical and structural organization of thylakoids from pea (Pisum sativum) under salt stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 177:46-60. [PMID: 35255419 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Salt can induce adverse effects, primarily on the photosynthetic process, ultimately influencing plant productivity. Still, the impact of salt on the photosynthesis process in terms of supercomplexes organization of thylakoid structure and function is not understood in Pea (Pisum sativum). To understand the structure and function in the leaves and thylakoids under salt (NaCl) treatment, we used various biophysical and biochemical techniques like infrared gas analyzer, chlorophyll a fluorescence, circular dichroism, electron microscopy, blue native gels, and western blots. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance were reduced significantly, whereas the water use efficiency was enhanced remarkably under high salt conditions (200 mM NaCl). The photochemical efficiency of both photosystem (PS) I and II was reduced in high salt by inhibiting their donor and acceptor sides. Interestingly the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) is reduced in high salt; however, the non-regulated energy dissipation (NO) of PSII increased, leading to inactivation of PSII. The obtained results exhibit inhibition of NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH) mediated pathway-dependent cyclic electron transport under salinity caused a decrease in proton motive force of ΔpH and Δψ. Further, the electron micrographs show the disorganization of grana thylakoids under salt stress. Furthermore, the macro-organization and supercomplexes of thylakoids were significantly affected by high salt. Specifically, the mega complexes, PSII-LHCII, PSI-LHCI, and NDH complexes were notably reduced, ultimately altering the electron transport. The reaction center proteins of oxygen-evolving complexes, D1 and D2 proteins were affected to high salt indicating changes in photochemical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Dhokne
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India; Department of Botany, Shri Vitthal Rukmini College, Sawana, Yavatmal, 445001, India
| | - Jayendra Pandey
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Ranay Mohan Yadav
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Pavithra Ramachandran
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Jyoti Ranjan Rath
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
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15
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Ilíková I, Ilík P, Opatíková M, Arshad R, Nosek L, Karlický V, Kučerová Z, Roudnický P, Pospíšil P, Lazár D, Bartoš J, Kouřil R. Towards spruce-type photosystem II: consequences of the loss of light-harvesting proteins LHCB3 and LHCB6 in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2691-2715. [PMID: 34618099 PMCID: PMC8644234 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The largest stable photosystem II (PSII) supercomplex in land plants (C2S2M2) consists of a core complex dimer (C2), two strongly (S2) and two moderately (M2) bound light-harvesting protein (LHCB) trimers attached to C2 via monomeric antenna proteins LHCB4-6. Recently, we have shown that LHCB3 and LHCB6, presumably essential for land plants, are missing in Norway spruce (Picea abies), which results in a unique structure of its C2S2M2 supercomplex. Here, we performed structure-function characterization of PSII supercomplexes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants lhcb3, lhcb6, and lhcb3 lhcb6 to examine the possibility of the formation of the "spruce-type" PSII supercomplex in angiosperms. Unlike in spruce, in Arabidopsis both LHCB3 and LHCB6 are necessary for stable binding of the M trimer to PSII core. The "spruce-type" PSII supercomplex was observed with low abundance only in the lhcb3 plants and its formation did not require the presence of LHCB4.3, the only LHCB4-type protein in spruce. Electron microscopy analysis of grana membranes revealed that the majority of PSII in lhcb6 and namely in lhcb3 lhcb6 mutants were arranged into C2S2 semi-crystalline arrays, some of which appeared to structurally restrict plastoquinone diffusion. Mutants without LHCB6 were characterized by fast induction of non-photochemical quenching and, on the contrary to the previous lhcb6 study, by only transient slowdown of electron transport between PSII and PSI. We hypothesize that these functional changes, associated with the arrangement of PSII into C2S2 arrays in thylakoids, may be important for the photoprotection of both PSI and PSII upon abrupt high-light exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Ilíková
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of
the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, 783 71
Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ilík
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and
Agricultural Research, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Opatíková
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and
Agricultural Research, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Rameez Arshad
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and
Agricultural Research, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Electron Microscopy Group, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology
Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen,
The Netherlands
| | - Lukáš Nosek
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and
Agricultural Research, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Karlický
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava,
710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of
Sciences, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Kučerová
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and
Agricultural Research, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Roudnický
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625
00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Pospíšil
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and
Agricultural Research, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dušan Lazár
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and
Agricultural Research, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bartoš
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of
the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, 783 71
Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Kouřil
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and
Agricultural Research, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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16
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Zhang W, Ai B, Gu P, Guan Y, Wang Z, Xiao Z, Zhang G. Plasmonic Chiral Metamaterials with Sub-10 nm Nanogaps. ACS NANO 2021; 15:17657-17667. [PMID: 34734713 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sub-10 nm nanogaps are enantioselectively fabricated between two nanocrescents based on nanoskiving and show tailored circular dichroism (CD) activity. The mirror symmetry of the nanostructure is broken by subsequent deposition with different azimuthal angles. Strong plasmonic coupling is excited in the gaps and at the tips, leading to the CD activity. The dissymmetry g-factor of the chiral nanogaps with 5 nm gap-width is -0.055, which is 2.5 times stronger than that of the 10 nm gap-width. Moreover, the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance of l/d-cysteine absorbed on chiral nanogaps manifests as the emergence of enantiospecific Raman peaks and the appearance of distinct changes in SERS intensities, which affirms that chiral nanogaps can recognize specific cysteine enantiomers via standard Raman spectroscopy in the absence of circularly polarized light source and a chiral label molecule. The sub-10 nm chiral nanogaps with tailored chiroptical responses show great potential in a class of chiral applications, such as chiral sensing, polarization converters, label-free chiral recognition, and asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Bin Ai
- School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception & Intelligent Information Processing, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Gu
- School of chemical engineering and machinery, Eastern Liaoning University, Dandong 118003, P.R. China
| | - Yuduo Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Zengyao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, P.R. China
| | - Zifan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
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17
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Kunsel T, Günther LM, Köhler J, Jansen TLC, Knoester J. Probing size variations of molecular aggregates inside chlorosomes using single-object spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:124310. [PMID: 34598584 DOI: 10.1063/5.0061529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We theoretically investigate the possibility to use single-object spectroscopy to probe size variations of the bacteriochlorophyll aggregates inside chlorosomes. Chlorosomes are the light-harvesting organelles of green sulfur and non-sulfur bacteria. They are known to be the most efficient light-harvesting systems in nature. Key to this efficiency is the organization of bacteriochlorophyll molecules in large self-assembled aggregates that define the secondary structure inside the chlorosomes. Many studies have been reported to elucidate the morphology of these aggregates and the molecular packing inside them. It is widely believed that tubular aggregates play an important role. Because the size (radius and length) of these aggregates affects the optical and excitation energy transport properties, it is of interest to be able to probe these quantities inside chlorosomes. We show that a combination of single-chlorosome linear polarization resolved spectroscopy and single-chlorosome circular dichroism spectroscopy may be used to access the typical size of the tubular aggregates within a chlorosome and, thus, probe possible variations between individual chlorosomes that may result, for instance, from different stages in growth or different growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kunsel
- University of Groningen, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L M Günther
- Spectroscopy of Soft Matter, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - J Köhler
- Spectroscopy of Soft Matter, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - T L C Jansen
- University of Groningen, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Knoester
- University of Groningen, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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18
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Singh AK, Schade B, Wycisk V, Böttcher C, Haag R, von Berlepsch H. Aggregation of Amphiphilic Carbocyanines: Fluorination Favors Cylindrical Micelles over Bilayered Tubes. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10538-10550. [PMID: 34505509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new amphiphilic 5,5',6,6'-tetrachlorobenzimidacarbocyanine dye derivative with -(CH2)2-(CF2)5-CF3 chains attached to the nitrogen atoms in the 1,1'-position, CF8O3, is reported. Depending on the dye concentration and the addition of MeOH, CF8O3 forms J- and H-aggregates in aqueous solutions. The aggregation behavior was investigated using steady-state absorption, linear dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy, as well as by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). The J-band of the MeOH-free solution is monomer-like, rather broad, and less red-shifted with respect to the monomer absorption, indicating weak excitonic coupling and disorder effects. Cryo-TEM reveals a diversity of supramolecular structures, wherein linear and branched cylindrical micelles dominate. It is concluded that the high stiffness of fluoroalkyl chains does not allow the chains to splay and completely fill up the hydrophobic gap between opposing chromophores. This destabilizes the bilayers and favors the micellar structure motifs instead. The aggregates appearing at 30% MeOH show a split absorption spectrum consisting of a broad blue-shifted H-band and an accompanying sharp red-shifted J-band with perpendicular polarizations. These HJ-type aggregates are also composed of micellar fibers, but these bundle into rope-like strands. For 10% MeOH, a narrow bilayered tube is the dominating morphology. The observed MeOH dependence of aggregation reveals a clear cosolvent effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar Singh
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Boris Schade
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 36a, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Core Facility BioSupraMol, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 36a, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Virginia Wycisk
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Böttcher
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 36a, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans von Berlepsch
- Core Facility BioSupraMol, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 36a, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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19
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Abramavicius D, Krouglov S, Barzda V. Second harmonic generation theory for a helical macromolecule with high sensitivity to structural disorder. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:20201-20217. [PMID: 34473146 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00694k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microscopic theory for the second harmonic generation in a helical molecular system is developed in the minimal coupling representation including non-local interaction effects. At the second order to the field we find a compact expression which combines dipolar, quadrupolar and magnetic contributions. A detailed derivation of the response is performed to specifically isolate the quadratic coupling terms, which we denote as the K coupling. Applying the theory to a helical macromolecule we find that the dipolar and quadrupolar contributions reflect the symmetry properties of the system and its homogeneity, while the K coupling contribution reveals inhomogeneities of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Abramavicius
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 9-III, 10222 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Serguei Krouglov
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd, Mississauga, Ontario L5L1C6, Canada.,Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - Virginijus Barzda
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd, Mississauga, Ontario L5L1C6, Canada.,Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada.,Laser Research Center, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 9-III, 10222, Vilnius, Lithuania
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20
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Dlouhý O, Karlický V, Arshad R, Zsiros O, Domonkos I, Kurasová I, Wacha AF, Morosinotto T, Bóta A, Kouřil R, Špunda V, Garab G. Lipid Polymorphism of the Subchloroplast-Granum and Stroma Thylakoid Membrane-Particles. II. Structure and Functions. Cells 2021; 10:2363. [PMID: 34572012 PMCID: PMC8472583 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In Part I, by using 31P-NMR spectroscopy, we have shown that isolated granum and stroma thylakoid membranes (TMs), in addition to the bilayer, display two isotropic phases and an inverted hexagonal (HII) phase; saturation transfer experiments and selective effects of lipase and thermal treatments have shown that these phases arise from distinct, yet interconnectable structural entities. To obtain information on the functional roles and origin of the different lipid phases, here we performed spectroscopic measurements and inspected the ultrastructure of these TM fragments. Circular dichroism, 77 K fluorescence emission spectroscopy, and variable chlorophyll-a fluorescence measurements revealed only minor lipase- or thermally induced changes in the photosynthetic machinery. Electrochromic absorbance transients showed that the TM fragments were re-sealed, and the vesicles largely retained their impermeabilities after lipase treatments-in line with the low susceptibility of the bilayer against the same treatment, as reflected by our 31P-NMR spectroscopy. Signatures of HII-phase could not be discerned with small-angle X-ray scattering-but traces of HII structures, without long-range order, were found by freeze-fracture electron microscopy (FF-EM) and cryo-electron tomography (CET). EM and CET images also revealed the presence of small vesicles and fusion of membrane particles, which might account for one of the isotropic phases. Interaction of VDE (violaxanthin de-epoxidase, detected by Western blot technique in both membrane fragments) with TM lipids might account for the other isotropic phase. In general, non-bilayer lipids are proposed to play role in the self-assembly of the highly organized yet dynamic TM network in chloroplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Dlouhý
- Group of Biophysics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (O.D.); (V.K.); (I.K.); (V.Š.)
| | - Václav Karlický
- Group of Biophysics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (O.D.); (V.K.); (I.K.); (V.Š.)
- Laboratory of Ecological Plant Physiology, Domain of Environmental Effects on Terrestrial Ecosystems, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rameez Arshad
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (R.A.); (R.K.)
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9700 AB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ottó Zsiros
- Photosynthetic Membranes Group, Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (O.Z.); (I.D.)
| | - Ildikó Domonkos
- Photosynthetic Membranes Group, Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (O.Z.); (I.D.)
| | - Irena Kurasová
- Group of Biophysics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (O.D.); (V.K.); (I.K.); (V.Š.)
- Laboratory of Ecological Plant Physiology, Domain of Environmental Effects on Terrestrial Ecosystems, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - András F. Wacha
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.F.W.); (A.B.)
| | | | - Attila Bóta
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.F.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Roman Kouřil
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (R.A.); (R.K.)
| | - Vladimír Špunda
- Group of Biophysics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (O.D.); (V.K.); (I.K.); (V.Š.)
- Laboratory of Ecological Plant Physiology, Domain of Environmental Effects on Terrestrial Ecosystems, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Győző Garab
- Group of Biophysics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (O.D.); (V.K.); (I.K.); (V.Š.)
- Photosynthetic Membranes Group, Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (O.Z.); (I.D.)
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21
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Karlický V, Kmecová Materová Z, Kurasová I, Nezval J, Štroch M, Garab G, Špunda V. Accumulation of geranylgeranylated chlorophylls in the pigment-protein complexes of Arabidopsis thaliana acclimated to green light: effects on the organization of light-harvesting complex II and photosystem II functions. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 149:233-252. [PMID: 33948813 PMCID: PMC8382614 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00827-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Light quality significantly influences plant metabolism, growth and development. Recently, we have demonstrated that leaves of barley and other plant species grown under monochromatic green light (500-590 nm) accumulated a large pool of chlorophyll a (Chl a) intermediates with incomplete hydrogenation of their phytyl chains. In this work, we studied accumulation of these geranylgeranylated Chls a and b in pigment-protein complexes (PPCs) of Arabidopsis plants acclimated to green light and their structural-functional consequences on the photosynthetic apparatus. We found that geranylgeranylated Chls are present in all major PPCs, although their presence was more pronounced in light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) and less prominent in supercomplexes of photosystem II (PSII). Accumulation of geranylgeranylated Chls hampered the formation of PSII and PSI super- and megacomplexes in the thylakoid membranes as well as their assembly into chiral macrodomains; it also lowered the temperature stability of the PPCs, especially that of LHCII trimers, which led to their monomerization and an anomaly in the photoprotective mechanism of non-photochemical quenching. Role of geranylgeranylated Chls in adverse effects on photosynthetic apparatus of plants acclimated to green light is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Karlický
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zuzana Kmecová Materová
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Kurasová
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Nezval
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Štroch
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Győző Garab
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
- Biological Research Center, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári körút 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Vladimír Špunda
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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22
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Differential Polarization Imaging of Plant Cells. Mapping the Anisotropy of Cell Walls and Chloroplasts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147661. [PMID: 34299279 PMCID: PMC8306740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern light microscopy imaging techniques have substantially advanced our knowledge about the ultrastructure of plant cells and their organelles. Laser-scanning microscopy and digital light microscopy imaging techniques, in general—in addition to their high sensitivity, fast data acquisition, and great versatility of 2D–4D image analyses—also opened the technical possibilities to combine microscopy imaging with spectroscopic measurements. In this review, we focus our attention on differential polarization (DP) imaging techniques and on their applications on plant cell walls and chloroplasts, and show how these techniques provided unique and quantitative information on the anisotropic molecular organization of plant cell constituents: (i) We briefly describe how laser-scanning microscopes (LSMs) and the enhanced-resolution Re-scan Confocal Microscope (RCM of Confocal.nl Ltd. Amsterdam, Netherlands) can be equipped with DP attachments—making them capable of measuring different polarization spectroscopy parameters, parallel with the ‘conventional’ intensity imaging. (ii) We show examples of different faces of the strong anisotropic molecular organization of chloroplast thylakoid membranes. (iii) We illustrate the use of DP imaging of cell walls from a variety of wood samples and demonstrate the use of quantitative analysis. (iv) Finally, we outline the perspectives of further technical developments of micro-spectropolarimetry imaging and its use in plant cell studies.
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23
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Sparks WB, Parenteau MN, Blankenship RE, Germer TA, Patty CHL, Bott KM, Telesco CM, Meadows VS. Spectropolarimetry of Primitive Phototrophs as Global Surface Biosignatures. ASTROBIOLOGY 2021; 21:219-234. [PMID: 33216615 PMCID: PMC7876348 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2020.2272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is an ancient metabolic process that began on early Earth and offers plentiful energy to organisms that can utilize it such that that they achieve global significance. The potential exists for similar processes to operate on habitable exoplanets and result in observable biosignatures. Before the advent of oxygenic photosynthesis, the most primitive phototrophs, anoxygenic phototrophs, dominated surface environments on the planet. Here, we characterize surface polarization biosignatures associated with a diverse sample of anoxygenic phototrophs and cyanobacteria, examining both pure cultures and microbial communities from the natural environment. Polarimetry is a tool that can be used to measure the chiral signature of biomolecules. Chirality is considered a universal, agnostic biosignature that is independent of a planet's biochemistry, receiving considerable interest as a target biosignature for life-detection missions. In contrast to preliminary indications from earlier work, we show that there is a diversity of distinctive circular polarization signatures, including the magnitude of the polarization, associated with the variety of chiral photosynthetic pigments and pigment complexes of anoxygenic and oxygenic phototrophs. We also show that the apparent death and release of pigments from one of the phototrophs is accompanied by an elevation of the reflectance polarization signal by an order of magnitude, which may be significant for remotely detectable environmental signatures. This work and others suggest that circular polarization signals up to ∼1% may occur, significantly stronger than previously anticipated circular polarization levels. We conclude that global surface polarization biosignatures may arise from anoxygenic and oxygenic phototrophs, which have dominated nearly 80% of the history of our rocky, inhabited planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B. Sparks
- SETI Institute, Mountain View, California, USA
- Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary Niki Parenteau
- Virtual Planetary Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - Robert E. Blankenship
- Virtual Planetary Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Thomas A. Germer
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Christian Herman Lucas Patty
- Institute of Plant Biology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kimberly M. Bott
- Virtual Planetary Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Charles M. Telesco
- Department of Astronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Victoria S. Meadows
- Virtual Planetary Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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24
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Non-conservative circular dichroism of photosystem II reaction centers: Is there an enhancement by a coupling with charge transfer states? J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Kjær C, Jones NC, Stockett MH, Hoffmann SV, Nielsen SB. Circular dichroism, anisotropy and absorption spectroscopy of chlorophyll b in methanol and mixed methanol-water solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:26961-26966. [PMID: 33206737 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03284k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The spectroscopic properties of chlorophyll (Chl) strongly depend on interactions with other Chl molecules, a fact that nature exploits in light harvesting by photosynthetic proteins. In solution, complex Chl aggregates are formed that depend not only on the solvent, but also on the detailed preparation procedure. Here we report synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) spectra of Chlb in methanol (MeOH) and MeOH/H2O mixtures; in the latter, water molecules assist in the formation of Chl aggregates as Chlb is too hydrophobic to dissolve in water. The magnitude of the most prominent CD signal increases up to 100-fold over time (2-15 hours) when the water content is increased from 0 to 50% in volume, the signal is non-conservative (almost exclusively negative), and sensitive to sample preparation. Three different types of signature CD spectra (Types A to C) are identified depending on preparation, and the change in CD signal over time and with temperature is further analyzed with anisotropy spectroscopy (ratio of simultaneously recorded CD to absorption) and principal component analysis (PCA). We show that CD is clearly superior to pure absorption spectroscopy in identifying structural changes, and anisotropy spectroscopy further increases the sensitivity towards smaller structural changes. PCA on temperature dependent CD data show that depending on preparation, and thus the type of aggregate as revealed by the CD signature, either one (Type A) or two chiral species (Type B) are identified in the spectra, further evidencing the complex nature of Chlb aggregates. Furthermore, the CD signal decreases linearly with volume when a sample of Chlb in MeOH/H2O (i.e., a sample of Chlb aggregates) is diluted, which implies that the aggregation process is irreversible: once aggregates are formed, they largely do not revert back to monomers. However, anisotropy spectroscopy reveals that there are small changes in the aggregates, not directly noticeable in CD and absorption. The work presented here demonstrates, compared to absorption spectroscopy, a clear advantage of CD and anisotropy spectroscopy in studying the complex evolution of Chl samples with time and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kjær
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Denmark.
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Tu W, Wu L, Zhang C, Sun R, Wang L, Yang W, Yang C, Liu C. Neoxanthin affects the stability of the C 2 S 2 M 2 -type photosystem II supercomplexes and the kinetics of state transition in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:1724-1735. [PMID: 33085804 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Neoxanthin (Neo), which is only bound to the peripheral antenna proteins of photosystem (PS) II, is a conserved carotenoid in all green plants. It has been demonstrated that Neo plays an important role in photoprotection and its deficiency fails to impact LHCII stability in vitro and indoor plant growth in vivo. Whether Neo is involved in maintaining the PSII complex structure or adaptive mechanisms for the everchanging environment has not yet been elucidated. In this study, the role of Neo in maintaining the structure and function of the PSII-LHCII supercomplexes was studied using Neo deficient Arabidopsis mutants. Our results show that Neo deficiency had little effect on the electron transport capacity and the plant fitness, but the PSII-LHCII supercomplexes were significantly impacted by the lack of Neo. In the absence of Neo, the M-type LHCII trimer cannot effectively associate with the C2 S2 -type PSII-LHCII supercomplexes even in moderate light conditions. Interestingly, Neo deficiency also leads to decreased PSII protein phosphorylation but rapid transition from state 1 to state 2. We suggest that Neo might enforce the interactions between LHCII and the minor antennas and that the absence of Neo makes M-type LHCII disassociate from the PSII complex, leading to the disassembly of the PSII-LHCII C2 S2 M2 supercomplexes, which results in alterations in the phosphorylation patterns of the thylakoid photosynthetic proteins and the kinetics of state transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Tu
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Lishuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Ruixue Sun
- Qingdao Institute, Shanghai Institute of Technological Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 264000, China
| | - Liangsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenqiang Yang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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27
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Devadasu E, Pandey J, Dhokne K, Subramanyam R. Restoration of photosynthetic activity and supercomplexes from severe iron starvation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1862:148331. [PMID: 33127356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The eukaryotic alga Chlamydomonas (C.) reinhardtii is used as a model organism to study photosynthetic efficiency. We studied the organization and protein profile of thylakoid membranes under severe iron (Fe2+) deficiency condition and iron supplement for their restoration. Chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence fast OJIP transients were decreased in the severe Fe2+ deficient cells resulting in the reduction of the photochemical efficiency. The circular dichroism (CD) results from Fe2+ deficient thylakoid membranes show a significant change in pigment-pigment and pigment-protein excitonic interactions. The organization of super-complexes was also affected significantly. Furthermore, super-complexes of photosystem (PS) II and PSI, along with its dimers, were severely reduced. The complexes separated using sucrose gradient centrifugation shows that loss of super-complexes and excitonic pigment-pigment interactions were restored in the severely Fe2+ deficient cells upon Fe supplementation for three generations. Additionally, the immunoblots demonstrated that both PSII, PSI core, and their light-harvesting complex antenna proteins were differentially decreased. However, reduced core proteins were aggregated, which in turn proteins were unfold and destabilized the supercomplexes and its function. Interestingly, the aggregated proteins were insoluble after n-Dodecyl β-D-maltoside solubilization. Further, they were identified in the pellet form. When Fe2+ was added to the severely deficient cells, the photosynthetic activity, pigment-proteins complexes, and proteins were restored to the level of control after 3rd generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsinraju Devadasu
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Jayendra Pandey
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Kunal Dhokne
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Telangana 500046, India.
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28
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Yan Y, Liu Y, Xing T, Shi Q. Theoretical study of excitation energy transfer and nonlinear spectroscopy of photosynthetic light‐harvesting complexes using the nonperturbative reduced dynamics method. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaming Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Physical Science Laboratory Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center Beijing China
| | - Yanying Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Physical Science Laboratory Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center Beijing China
| | - Tao Xing
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Physical Science Laboratory Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center Beijing China
| | - Qiang Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Physical Science Laboratory Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center Beijing China
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29
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Zsiros O, Nagy G, Patai R, Solymosi K, Gasser U, Polgár TF, Garab G, Kovács L, Hörcsik ZT. Similarities and Differences in the Effects of Toxic Concentrations of Cadmium and Chromium on the Structure and Functions of Thylakoid Membranes in Chlorella variabilis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1006. [PMID: 32733513 PMCID: PMC7358611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Trace metal contaminations in natural waters, wetlands, and wastewaters pose serious threats to aquatic ecosystems-mainly via targeting microalgae. In this work, we investigated the effects of toxic amounts of chromium and cadmium ions on the structure and function of the photosynthetic machinery of Chlorella variabilis cells. To halt the propagation of cells, we used high concentrations of Cd and Cr, 50-50 mg L-1, in the forms of CdCl2 x 2.5 H2O and K2Cr2O7, respectively. Both treatments led to similar, about 50% gradual diminishment of the chlorophyll contents of the cells in 48 h, which was, however, accompanied by a small (~10%) but statistically significant enrichment (Cd) and loss (Cr) of ß-carotene. Both Cd and Cr inhibited the activity of photosystem II (PSII)-but with more severe inhibitions with Cr. On the contrary, the PsbA (D1) protein of PSII and the PsbO protein of the oxygen-evolving complex were retained more in Cr-treated cells than in the presence of Cd. These data and the higher susceptibility of P700 redox transients in Cr-treated cells suggest that, unlike with Cd, PSII is not the main target in the photochemical apparatus. These differences at the level of photochemistry also brought about dissimilarities at higher levels of the structural complexity of the photosynthetic apparatus. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy measurements revealed moderate perturbations in the macro-organization of the protein complexes-with more pronounced decline in Cd-treated cells than in the cells with Cr. Also, as reflected by transmission electron microscopy and small-angle neutron scattering, the thylakoid membranes suffered shrinking and were largely fragmented in Cd-treated cells, whereas no changes could be discerned with Cr. The preservation of integrity of membranes in Cr-treated cells was most probably aided by high proportion of the de-epoxidized xanthophylls, which were absent with Cd. It can thus be concluded that beside strong similarities of the toxic effects of Cr and Cd, the response of the photosynthetic machinery of C. variabilis to these two trace metal ions substantially differ from each other-strongly suggesting different inhibitory and protective mechanisms following the primary toxic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottó Zsiros
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Nagy
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Roland Patai
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Solymosi
- Department of Plant Anatomy, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Urs Gasser
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Tamás F. Polgár
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Győző Garab
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - László Kovács
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Tibor Hörcsik
- Department of Biology Nyíregyháza, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Nyíregyháza, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
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30
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Schade B, Singh AK, Wycisk V, Cuellar‐Camacho JL, von Berlepsch H, Haag R, Böttcher C. Stereochemistry-Controlled Supramolecular Architectures of New Tetrahydroxy-Functionalised Amphiphilic Carbocyanine Dyes. Chemistry 2020; 26:6919-6934. [PMID: 32027069 PMCID: PMC7317399 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of novel amphiphilic 5,5',6,6'-tetrachlorobenzimidacarbocyanine (TBC) dye derivatives with aminopropanediol head groups, which only differ in stereochemistry (chiral enantiomers, meso form and conformer), are reported. For the achiral meso form, a new synthetic route towards asymmetric cyanine dyes was established. All compounds form J aggregates in water, the optical properties of which were characterised by means of spectroscopic methods. The supramolecular structure of the aggregates is investigated by means of cryo-transmission electron microscopy, cryo-electron tomography and AFM, revealing extended sheet-like aggregates for chiral enantiomers and nanotubes for the mesomer, respectively, whereas the conformer forms predominately needle-like crystals. The experiments demonstrate that the aggregation behaviour of compounds can be controlled solely by head group stereochemistry, which in the case of enantiomers enables the formation of extended hydrogen-bond chains by the hydroxyl functionalities. In case of the achiral meso form, however, such chains turned out to be sterically excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Schade
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie und Gerätezentrum BioSupraMolInstitut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 36a14195BerlinGermany
| | - Abhishek Kumar Singh
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieOrganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinTakustrasse 314195BerlinGermany
| | - Virginia Wycisk
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieOrganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinTakustrasse 314195BerlinGermany
| | - Jose Luis Cuellar‐Camacho
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieOrganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinTakustrasse 314195BerlinGermany
| | - Hans von Berlepsch
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie und Gerätezentrum BioSupraMolInstitut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 36a14195BerlinGermany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieOrganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinTakustrasse 314195BerlinGermany
| | - Christoph Böttcher
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie und Gerätezentrum BioSupraMolInstitut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 36a14195BerlinGermany
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Observation of dissipative chlorophyll-to-carotenoid energy transfer in light-harvesting complex II in membrane nanodiscs. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1295. [PMID: 32157079 PMCID: PMC7064482 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants prevent photodamage under high light by dissipating excess energy as heat. Conformational changes of the photosynthetic antenna complexes activate dissipation by leveraging the sensitivity of the photophysics to the protein structure. The mechanisms of dissipation remain debated, largely due to two challenges. First, because of the ultrafast timescales and large energy gaps involved, measurements lacked the temporal or spectral requirements. Second, experiments have been performed in detergent, which can induce non-native conformations, or in vivo, where contributions from homologous antenna complexes cannot be disentangled. Here, we overcome both challenges by applying ultrabroadband two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy to the principal antenna complex, LHCII, in a near-native membrane. Our data provide evidence that the membrane enhances two dissipative pathways, one of which is a previously uncharacterized chlorophyll-to-carotenoid energy transfer. Our results highlight the sensitivity of the photophysics to local environment, which may control the balance between light harvesting and dissipation in vivo.
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32
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Kaliakin DS, Nakata H, Kim Y, Chen Q, Fedorov DG, Slipchenko LV. FMOxFMO: Elucidating Excitonic Interactions in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson Complex with the Fragment Molecular Orbital Method. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:1175-1187. [PMID: 31841349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In order to study Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), the fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method is extended to compute electronic couplings between local excitations via the excited state transition density model, enabling efficient calculations of nonlocal excitations in a large molecular system and overcoming the previous limitation of being able to compute only local excitations. The results of these simple but accurate models are validated against full quantum calculations without fragmentation. The developed method is applied to a very important photosynthetic pigment-protein complex, the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex (FMOc), that is responsible for the energy transfer from a chlorosome to the reaction center in the green sulfur bacteria. Absorption and circular dichroism spectra of FMOc are simulated, and the role of the molecular environment on the excitations is revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danil S Kaliakin
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Hiroya Nakata
- Research Institute for Advanced Materials and Devices , Kyocera , 5-3 Hikaridai-3 , Seika-cho Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0237 , Japan
| | - Yongbin Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Qifeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Dmitri G Fedorov
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat) , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1 , Tsukuba 305-8568 , Japan
| | - Lyudmila V Slipchenko
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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Im SW, Ha H, Yang W, Jang JH, Kang B, Seo DH, Seo J, Nam KT. Light polarization dependency existing in the biological photosystem and possible implications for artificial antenna systems. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 143:205-220. [PMID: 31643017 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The processes of biological photosynthesis provide inspiration and valuable lessons for artificial energy collection, transfer, and conversion systems. The extraordinary efficiency of each sequential process of light to biomass conversion originates from the unique architecture and mechanism of photosynthetic proteins. Near 100% quantum efficiency of energy transfer in biological photosystems is achieved by the chlorophyll assemblies in antenna complexes, which also exhibit a significant degree of light polarization. The three-dimensional chiral assembly of chlorophylls is an optimized biological architecture that enables maximum energy transfer efficiency with precisely designed coupling between chlorophylls. In this review, we summarize the key lessons from the photosynthetic processes in biological photosystems, and move our focus to energy transfer mechanisms and the chiral structure of the chlorophyll assembly. Then, we introduce recent approaches and possible implications to realize the biological energy transfer processes on bioinspired scaffold-based artificial antenna systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Won Im
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Heonjin Ha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Woojin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Boyeong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Da Hye Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
| | - Ki Tae Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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Zsiros O, Ünnep R, Nagy G, Almásy L, Patai R, Székely NK, Kohlbrecher J, Garab G, Dér A, Kovács L. Role of Protein-Water Interface in the Stacking Interactions of Granum Thylakoid Membranes-As Revealed by the Effects of Hofmeister Salts. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1257. [PMID: 32922427 PMCID: PMC7456932 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The thylakoid membranes of vascular plants are differentiated into stacked granum and unstacked stroma regions. The formation of grana is triggered by the macrodomain formation of photosystem II and light-harvesting complex II (PSII-LHCII) and thus their lateral segregation from the photosystem I-light-harvesting complex I (PSI-LHCI) super-complexes and the ATP-synthase; which is then stabilized by stacking interactions of the adjacent PSII-LHCII enriched regions of the thylakoid membranes. The self-assembly and dynamics of this highly organized membrane system and the nature of forces acting between the PSII-LHCII macrodomains are not well understood. By using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we investigated the effects of Hofmeister salts on the organization of pigment-protein complexes and on the ultrastructure of thylakoid membranes. We found that the kosmotropic agent (NH4)2SO4 and the Hofmeister-neutral NaCl, up to 2 M concentrations, hardly affected the macro-organization of the protein complexes and the membrane ultrastructure. In contrast, chaotropic salts, NaClO4, and NaSCN destroyed the mesoscopic structures, the multilamellar organization of the thylakoid membranes and the chiral macrodomains of the protein complexes but without noticeably affecting the short-range, pigment-pigment excitonic interactions. Comparison of the concentration- and time-dependences of SANS, TEM and CD parameters revealed the main steps of the disassembly of grana in the presence of chaotropes. It begins with a rapid diminishment of the long-range periodic order of the grana membranes, apparently due to an increased stacking disorder of the thylakoid membranes, as reflected by SANS experiments. SANS measurements also allowed discrimination between the cationic and anionic effects-in stacking and disorder, respectively. This step is followed by a somewhat slower disorganization of the TEM ultrastructure, due to the gradual loss of stacked membrane pairs. Occurring last is the stepwise decrease and disappearance of the long-range chiral order of the protein complexes, the rate of which was faster in LHCII-deficient membranes. These data are interpreted in terms of a theory, from our laboratory, according to which Hofmeister salts primarily affect the hydrophylic-hydrophobic interactions of proteins, and the stroma-exposed regions of the intrinsic membrane proteins, in particular-pointing to the role of protein-water interface in the stacking interactions of granum thylakoid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottó Zsiros
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Renáta Ünnep
- Neutron Spectroscopy Department, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Nagy
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - László Almásy
- Neutron Spectroscopy Department, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Roland Patai
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Noémi K. Székely
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at MLZ, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Garching, Germany
| | - Joachim Kohlbrecher
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Győző Garab
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Győző Garab, ; András Dér, ; László Kovács,
| | - András Dér
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Győző Garab, ; András Dér, ; László Kovács,
| | - László Kovács
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Győző Garab, ; András Dér, ; László Kovács,
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Janik-Zabrotowicz E, Arczewska M, Zubik M, Terpilowski K, Skrzypek TH, Swietlicka I, Gagos M. Cremophor EL Nano-Emulsion Monomerizes Chlorophyll a in Water Medium. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120881. [PMID: 31888249 PMCID: PMC6995590 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the application of a non-ionic detergent Cremophor EL for monomerization of chlorophyll a in an aqueous medium is studied. The spectrophotometric properties of chlorophyll a encapsulated into the Cremophor EL nano-emulsion system were characterized by electronic absorption, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence as well as circular dichroism spectroscopy. The results have shown that chlorophyll a dissolves more efficiently in the aqueous medium containing low-level Cremophor (5 wt%) than at an ethanolic solution even in the concentration of 10−4 M. The molecular organization of the chlorophyll a in the Cremophor EL nano-micelles was also investigated by means of Raman spectroscopy. The spectral changes in the frequency of the C=O stretching group were used to distinguish the aggregation state of chlorophyll. It was revealed that chlorophyll a exists dominantly in the monomeric form in the Cremophor EL aqueous solution. The promising aspect of the use of Cremophor EL nano-emulsion as a delivery system is to maintain stable chlorophyll monomer in an aqueous medium. It would open the potential for a new, practical application of chlorophyll a in medicine, as a dietary supplement or studies on molecular organization of chlorophyll a in the well-defined artificial system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Janik-Zabrotowicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, ul. Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-537-5941; Fax: +48-81-537-5901
| | - Marta Arczewska
- Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20–950 Lublin, Poland; (M.A.); (I.S.)
| | - Monika Zubik
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Radziszewskiego 10, 20–031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Konrad Terpilowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry-Interfacial Phenomena, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Pl. Marii Curie-Sklodowskiej 3, 20–031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz H. Skrzypek
- Laboratory of Confocal and Electron Microscopy, Department of Biotechnology and Environment Sciences Center for Interdisciplinary Research, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, ul. Konstantynów 1J, 20–708 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Izabela Swietlicka
- Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20–950 Lublin, Poland; (M.A.); (I.S.)
| | - Mariusz Gagos
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, ul. Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
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Cupples G, Smith DJ, Hicks MR, Dyson RJ. Oriented suspension mechanics with application to improving flow linear dichroism spectroscopy. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2019; 475:20190184. [PMID: 31892831 PMCID: PMC6936618 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2019.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Flow linear dichroism is a biophysical spectroscopic technique that exploits the shear-induced alignment of elongated particles in suspension. Motivated by the broad aim of optimizing the sensitivity of this technique, and more specifically by a hand-held synthetic biotechnology prototype for waterborne-pathogen detection, a model of steady and oscillating pressure-driven channel flow and orientation dynamics of a suspension of slender microscopic fibres is developed. The model couples the Fokker-Planck equation for Brownian suspensions with the narrow channel flow equations, the latter modified to incorporate mechanical anisotropy induced by the particles. The linear dichroism signal is estimated through integrating the perpendicular components of the distribution function via an appropriate formula which takes the biaxial nature of the orientation into account. For the specific application of pathogen detection via binding of M13 bacteriophage, it is found that increases in the channel depth are more significant in improving the linear dichroism signal than increases in the channel width. Increasing the channel depth to 2 mm and pressure gradient to 5 × 104 Pa m-1 essentially maximizes the alignment. Oscillating flow can produce nearly equal alignment to steady flow at appropriate frequencies, which has significant potential practical value in the analysis of small sample volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Cupples
- School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - D. J. Smith
- School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - M. R. Hicks
- Linear Diagnostics Ltd, BioHub Birmingham, 97 Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2SQ, UK
| | - R. J. Dyson
- School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Jakšić D, Šegvić Klarić M, Crnolatac I, Šijaković Vujičić N, Smrečki V, Górecki M, Pescitelli G, Piantanida I. Unique Aggregation of Sterigmatocystin in Water Yields Strong and Specific Circular Dichroism Response Allowing Highly Sensitive and Selective Monitoring of Bio-Relevant Interactions. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E629. [PMID: 31698712 PMCID: PMC6891739 DOI: 10.3390/md17110629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated the hitherto unknown property of the mycotoxin sterigmatocystin (STC) to provide homogeneous solutions in aqueous medium by forming a unique aggregate type (not formed by analogous aflatoxins), characterized by exceptionally strong circular dichroism (CD) bands in the 300-400 nm range. Results showed that these CD bands do not originate from intrinsic STC chirality but are a specific property of a peculiar aggregation process similar to psi-DNA CD response. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments revealed a fine fiber network resembling a supramolecular gel structure with helical fibers. Thermodynamic studies of aggregates by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed high reversibility of the dominant aggregation process. We demonstrated that the novel STC psi-CD band at 345 nm could be applied at biorelevant conditions (100 nanomolar concentration) and even in marine-salt content conditions for specific and quantitative monitoring of STC. Also, we showed that STC strongly non-covalently interacts with ds-DNA with likely toxic effects, thus contrary to the previous belief requiring prior enzyme epoxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Jakšić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology, University of Zagreb, Schrottova 39, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.J.); (M.Š.K.)
| | - Maja Šegvić Klarić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology, University of Zagreb, Schrottova 39, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.J.); (M.Š.K.)
| | - Ivo Crnolatac
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.C.); (N.Š.V.)
| | | | - Vilko Smrečki
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.C.); (N.Š.V.)
| | - Marcin Górecki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (G.P.)
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52 St., 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (G.P.)
| | - Ivo Piantanida
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.C.); (N.Š.V.)
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38
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Macroorganisation and flexibility of thylakoid membranes. Biochem J 2019; 476:2981-3018. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The light reactions of photosynthesis are hosted and regulated by the chloroplast thylakoid membrane (TM) — the central structural component of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants and algae. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional arrangement of the lipid–protein assemblies, aka macroorganisation, and its dynamic responses to the fluctuating physiological environment, aka flexibility, are the subject of this review. An emphasis is given on the information obtainable by spectroscopic approaches, especially circular dichroism (CD). We briefly summarise the current knowledge of the composition and three-dimensional architecture of the granal TMs in plants and the supramolecular organisation of Photosystem II and light-harvesting complex II therein. We next acquaint the non-specialist reader with the fundamentals of CD spectroscopy, recent advances such as anisotropic CD, and applications for studying the structure and macroorganisation of photosynthetic complexes and membranes. Special attention is given to the structural and functional flexibility of light-harvesting complex II in vitro as revealed by CD and fluorescence spectroscopy. We give an account of the dynamic changes in membrane macroorganisation associated with the light-adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus and the regulation of the excitation energy flow by state transitions and non-photochemical quenching.
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Patty CHL, Ten Kate IL, Buma WJ, van Spanning RJM, Steinbach G, Ariese F, Snik F. Circular Spectropolarimetric Sensing of Vegetation in the Field: Possibilities for the Remote Detection of Extraterrestrial Life. ASTROBIOLOGY 2019; 19:1221-1229. [PMID: 31361507 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2019.2050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Homochirality is a generic and unique property of all biochemical life, and the fractional circular polarization of light it induces therefore constitutes a potentially unambiguous biosignature. However, while high-quality circular polarimetric spectra can be easily and quickly obtained in the laboratory, accurate measurements in the field are much more challenging due to large changes in illumination and target movement. In this study, we measured various targets in the field, up to distances of a few kilometers, using the dedicated circular spectropolarimeter TreePol. We show how photosynthetic life can readily be distinguished from abiotic matter. We underline the potential of circular polarization signals as a remotely accessible means to characterize and monitor terrestrial vegetation, for example, for agriculture and forestry. In addition, we discuss the potential of circular polarization for the remote detection of extraterrestrial life.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Lucas Patty
- Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicine and Systems (AIMMS), VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
- Biofotonika R&D Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Inge Loes Ten Kate
- Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, Utrecht 3584 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- HIMS, Photonics group, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob J M van Spanning
- Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicine and Systems (AIMMS), VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gábor Steinbach
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Freek Ariese
- LaserLaB, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frans Snik
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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40
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Mazur R, Mostowska A, Szach J, Gieczewska K, Wójtowicz J, Bednarska K, Garstka M, Kowalewska Ł. Galactolipid deficiency disturbs spatial arrangement of the thylakoid network in Arabidopsis thaliana plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4689-4704. [PMID: 31087066 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The chloroplast thylakoid network is a dynamic structure which, through possible rearrangements, plays a crucial role in regulation of photosynthesis. Although the importance of the main components of the thylakoid membrane matrix, galactolipids, in the formation of the network of internal plastid membrane was found before, the structural role of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosylidacylglycerol (DGDG) is still largely unknown. We elucidated detailed structural modifications of the thylakoid membrane system in Arabidopsis thaliana MGDG- and DGDG-deficient mutants. An altered MGDG/DGDG ratio was structurally reflected by formation of smaller grana, local changes in grana stacking repeat distance, and significant changes in the spatial organization of the thylakoid network compared with wild-type plants. The decrease of the MGDG level impaired the formation of the typical helical grana structure and resulted in a 'helical-dichotomic' arrangement. DGDG deficiency did not affect spatial grana organization but changed the shape of the thylakoid membrane network in situ from lens like into a flattened shape. Such structural disturbances were accompanied by altered composition of carotenoid and chlorophyll-protein complexes, which eventually led to the decreased photosynthetic efficiency of MGDG- and DGDG-deficient plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Mazur
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Mostowska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Szach
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gieczewska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Wójtowicz
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bednarska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Garstka
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łucja Kowalewska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa, Warsaw, Poland
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Yu D, Lan J, Khan NU, Li Q, Xu F, Huang G, Xu H, Huang F. The in vitro synergistic denaturation effect of heat and surfactant on photosystem I isolated from Arthrospira Platensis. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 141:229-243. [PMID: 30725234 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00623-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) generates the most negative redox potential found in nature, and the performance of solar energy conversion into alternative energy sources in artificial systems highly depends on the thermal stability of PSI. Thus, understanding thermal denaturation is an important prerequisite for the use of PSI at elevated temperatures. To assess the thermal stability of surfactant-solubilized PSI from cyanobacteria Arthrospira Platensis, the synergistic denaturation effect of heat and surfactant was studied. At room temperature, surfactant n-dodecyl-β-D-maltoside solubilized PSI trimer gradually disassembles into PSI monomers and free pigments over long time. In the solubilizing process of PSI particles, surfactant can uncouple pigments of PSI, and the high concentration of surfactant causes the pigment to uncouple more; after the surfactant-solubilizing process, the uncoupling is relatively slow. During the heating process, changes were monitored by transmittance T800nm, ellipticity θ686nm and θ222nm, upon slow heating (1.5 °C per minute) of samples in Tris buffer (20 mM, pH 7.8) from 20 to 95 °C. The thermal denaturation of surfactant-solubilized PSI is a much more complicated process, which includes the uncoupling of pigments by surfactants, the disappearance of surrounding surfactants, and the unfolding of PSI α-helices. During the heating process, the uncoupling chlorophyll a (Chla) and converted pheophytin (Pheo) can form excitons of Chla-Pheo. The secondary structure α-helix of PSI proteins is stable up to 87-92 °C in the low-concentration surfactant solubilized PSI, and high-concentration surfactant and pigments uncoupling can accelerate the α-helical unfolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China.
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Jinxiao Lan
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China
| | - Naseer Ullah Khan
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China
| | - Quan Li
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China
| | - Fengxi Xu
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China
| | - Guihong Huang
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China.
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China.
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, Shandong, China.
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42
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Armarego-Marriott T, Kowalewska Ł, Burgos A, Fischer A, Thiele W, Erban A, Strand D, Kahlau S, Hertle A, Kopka J, Walther D, Reich Z, Schöttler MA, Bock R. Highly Resolved Systems Biology to Dissect the Etioplast-to-Chloroplast Transition in Tobacco Leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 180:654-681. [PMID: 30862726 PMCID: PMC6501100 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Upon exposure to light, plant cells quickly acquire photosynthetic competence by converting pale etioplasts into green chloroplasts. This developmental transition involves the de novo biogenesis of the thylakoid system and requires reprogramming of metabolism and gene expression. Etioplast-to-chloroplast differentiation involves massive changes in plastid ultrastructure, but how these changes are connected to specific changes in physiology, metabolism, and expression of the plastid and nuclear genomes is poorly understood. Here, we describe a new experimental system in the dicotyledonous model plant tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) that allows us to study the leaf deetiolation process at the systems level. We have determined the accumulation kinetics of photosynthetic complexes, pigments, lipids, and soluble metabolites and recorded the dynamic changes in plastid ultrastructure and in the nuclear and plastid transcriptomes. Our data describe the greening process at high temporal resolution, resolve distinct genetic and metabolic phases during deetiolation, and reveal numerous candidate genes that may be involved in light-induced chloroplast development and thylakoid biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Łucja Kowalewska
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Asdrubal Burgos
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, CP 45200 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Axel Fischer
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Wolfram Thiele
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alexander Erban
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Deserah Strand
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sabine Kahlau
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- targenomix GmbH, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alexander Hertle
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Joachim Kopka
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dirk Walther
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ziv Reich
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Ralph Bock
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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43
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Patty CHL, Ariese F, Buma WJ, Ten Kate IL, van Spanning RJM, Snik F. Circular spectropolarimetric sensing of higher plant and algal chloroplast structural variations. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 140:129-139. [PMID: 30141032 PMCID: PMC6548066 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0572-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic eukaryotes show a remarkable variability in photosynthesis, including large differences in light-harvesting proteins and pigment composition. In vivo circular spectropolarimetry enables us to probe the molecular architecture of photosynthesis in a non-invasive and non-destructive way and, as such, can offer a wealth of physiological and structural information. In the present study, we have measured the circular polarizance of several multicellular green, red, and brown algae and higher plants, which show large variations in circular spectropolarimetric signals with differences in both spectral shape and magnitude. Many of the algae display spectral characteristics not previously reported, indicating a larger variation in molecular organization than previously assumed. As the strengths of these signals vary by three orders of magnitude, these results also have important implications in terms of detectability for the use of circular polarization as a signature of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Lucas Patty
- Molecular Cell Physiology, VU Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Freek Ariese
- LaserLaB, VU Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- HIMS, Photonics Group, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Loes Ten Kate
- Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rob J M van Spanning
- Systems Bioinformatics, VU Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frans Snik
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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44
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Zsiros O, Nagy V, Párducz Á, Nagy G, Ünnep R, El-Ramady H, Prokisch J, Lisztes-Szabó Z, Fári M, Csajbók J, Tóth SZ, Garab G, Domokos-Szabolcsy É. Effects of selenate and red Se-nanoparticles on the photosynthetic apparatus of Nicotiana tabacum. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 139:449-460. [PMID: 30374728 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0599-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a natural trace element, which shifts its action in a relatively narrow concentration range from nutritional role to toxicity. Although it has been well established that in plants chloroplasts are among the primary targets, the mechanism of toxicity on photosynthesis is not well understood. Here, we compared selenate and red-allotrope elemental selenium nanoparticles (red nanoSe) in in vitro tobacco cultures to investigate their effects on the structure and functions of the photosynthetic machinery. Selenate at 10 mg/L concentration retarded plant growth; it also led to a decreased chlorophyll content, accompanied with an increase in the carotenoid-to-chlorophyll ratio. Structural examinations of the photosynthetic machinery, using electron microscopy, small-angle neutron scattering and circular dichroism spectroscopy, revealed significant perturbation in the macro-organization of the pigment-protein complexes and sizeable shrinkage in the repeat distance of granum thylakoid membranes. As shown by chlorophyll a fluorescence transient measurements, these changes in the ultrastructure were associated with a significantly diminished photosystem II activity and a reduced performance of the photosynthetic electron transport, and an enhanced capability of non-photochemical quenching. These changes in the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus explain, at least in part, the retarded growth of plantlets in the presence of 10 mg/L selenate. In contrast, red nanoSe, even at 100 mg/L and selenate at 1 mg/L, exerted no negative effect on the growth of plantlets and affected only marginally the thylakoid membrane ultrastructure and the photosynthetic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottó Zsiros
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 521, Szeged, 6701, Hungary
| | - Valéria Nagy
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 521, Szeged, 6701, Hungary
| | - Árpád Párducz
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 521, Szeged, 6701, Hungary
| | - Gergely Nagy
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 521, Szeged, 6701, Hungary
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 49, Budapest, 1525, Hungary
| | - Renáta Ünnep
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 49, Budapest, 1525, Hungary
| | - Hassan El-Ramady
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh Uni, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - József Prokisch
- Bio- and Environmental Enegetics Inst., Nano Food Lab, Debrecen University, Boszormenyi 138, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Lisztes-Szabó
- Isotope Climatology and Environmental Research Centre, Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, 4026, Hungary
| | - Miklós Fári
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - József Csajbók
- Department of Crop Production and Applied Ecology, University of Debrecen, Boszormenyi 138, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Zita Tóth
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 521, Szeged, 6701, Hungary
| | - Győző Garab
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 521, Szeged, 6701, Hungary
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ostrava University, Chittussiho 10, 710 0, Ostrava - Slezská Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Éva Domokos-Szabolcsy
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
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45
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Nama S, Madireddi SK, Yadav RM, Subramanyam R. Non-photochemical quenching-dependent acclimation and thylakoid organization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to high light stress. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 139:387-400. [PMID: 29982908 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Light is essential for all photosynthetic organisms while an excess of it can lead to damage mainly the photosystems of the thylakoid membrane. In this study, we have grown Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells in different intensities of high light to understand the photosynthetic process with reference to thylakoid membrane organization during its acclimation process. We observed, the cells acclimatized to long-term response to high light intensities of 500 and 1000 µmol m-2 s-1 with faster growth and more biomass production when compared to cells at 50 µmol m-2 s-1 light intensity. The ratio of Chl a/b was marginally decreased from the mid-log phase of growth at the high light intensity. Increased level of zeaxanthin and LHCSR3 expression was also found which is known to play a key role in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) mechanism for photoprotection. Changes in photosynthetic parameters were observed such as increased levels of NPQ, marginal change in electron transport rate, and many other changes which demonstrate that cells were acclimatized to high light which is an adaptive mechanism. Surprisingly, PSII core protein contents have marginally reduced when compared to peripherally arranged LHCII in high light-grown cells. Further, we also observed alterations in stromal subunits of PSI and low levels of PsaG, probably due to disruption of PSI assembly and also its association with LHCI. During the process of acclimation, changes in thylakoid organization occurred in high light intensities with reduction of PSII supercomplex formation. This change may be attributed to alteration of protein-pigment complexes which are in agreement with circular dichoism spectra of high light-acclimatized cells, where decrease in the magnitude of psi-type bands indicates changes in ordered arrays of PSII-LHCII supercomplexes. These results specify that acclimation to high light stress through NPQ mechanism by expression of LHCSR3 and also observed changes in thylakoid protein profile/supercomplex formation lead to low photochemical yield and more biomass production in high light condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srilatha Nama
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Sai Kiran Madireddi
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Ranay Mohan Yadav
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
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46
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Akhtar P, Lindorfer D, Lingvay M, Pawlak K, Zsiros O, Siligardi G, Jávorfi T, Dorogi M, Ughy B, Garab G, Renger T, Lambrev PH. Anisotropic Circular Dichroism of Light-Harvesting Complex II in Oriented Lipid Bilayers: Theory Meets Experiment. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:1090-1098. [PMID: 30604975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Anisotropic circular dichroism (ACD) spectroscopy of macroscopically aligned molecules reveals additional information about their excited states that is lost in the CD of randomly oriented solutions. ACD spectra of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII)-the main peripheral antenna of photosystem II in plants-in oriented lipid bilayers were recorded from the far-UV to the visible wavelength region. ACD spectra show a drastically enhanced magnitude and level of detail compared to the isotropic CD spectra, resolving a greater number of bands and weak optical transitions. Exciton calculations show that the spectral features in the chlorophyll Q y region are well-reproduced by an existing Hamiltonian for LHCII, providing further evidence for the identity of energy sinks at chlorophylls a603 and a610 in the stromal layer and chlorophylls a604 and a613 in the luminal layer. We propose ACD spectroscopy to be a valuable tool linking the three-dimensional structure and the photophysical properties of pigment-protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Akhtar
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary.,ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd. , Budapesti út 5 , 6728 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Dominik Lindorfer
- Institute for Theoretical Physics , Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenberger Str. 69 , 4040 Linz , Austria
| | - Mónika Lingvay
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary.,Faculty of Science and Informatics, Doctoral School of Physics , University of Szeged , Dóm tér 9 , 6720 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Krzysztof Pawlak
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Ottó Zsiros
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Giuliano Siligardi
- Diamond Light Source Ltd. , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot , Oxfordshire OX11 0DE , U.K
| | - Tamás Jávorfi
- Diamond Light Source Ltd. , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot , Oxfordshire OX11 0DE , U.K
| | - Márta Dorogi
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Bettina Ughy
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Győző Garab
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary.,Faculty of Science, Department of Physics , University of Ostrava , Chittussiho 10 , 710 00 Ostrava , Czech Republic
| | - Thomas Renger
- Institute for Theoretical Physics , Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenberger Str. 69 , 4040 Linz , Austria
| | - Petar H Lambrev
- Biological Research Centre , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Temesvári krt. 62 , 6726 Szeged , Hungary
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47
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Jäger S, Büchel C. Cation-dependent changes in the thylakoid membrane appression of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1860:41-51. [PMID: 30447184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diatoms show a special organisation of their plastid membranes, such that their thylakoids span the entire plastid in bands of three. While in higher plants the interaction of the light harvesting complex II and photosystem II with divalent cations (especially Mg2+) was found to take part in the interplay of electrostatic attraction and repulsion in grana membrane appression, for diatoms the key players in maintaining proper membrane distances were not identified so far. In this work, we investigated the changes in the thylakoid architecture of Thalassiosira pseudonana in reaction to different salts by using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy in combination with other techniques. We show that divalent cations have an important influence on optimal pigment organisation and thus also on maintaining membrane appression. Thereby, monovalent cations are far less effective. The concentration needed is in a physiological range and fits well with the values obtained for higher plant grana stacking, despite the fact that strict protein segregation as seen in higher plant grana is missing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Jäger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Claudia Büchel
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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48
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Stamatakis K, Broussos PI, Panagiotopoulou A, Gast RJ, Pelecanou M, Papageorgiou GC. Light-adaptive state transitions in the Ross Sea haptophyte Phaeocystis antarctica and in dinoflagellate cells hosting kleptoplasts derived from it. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1860:102-110. [PMID: 30414926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Light state transitions (STs) is a reversible physiological process that oxygenic photosynthetic organisms use in order to minimize imbalances in the electronic excitation delivery to the reaction centers of Photosystems I and II, and thus to optimize photosynthesis. STs have been studied extensively in plants, green algae, red algae and cyanobacteria, but sparsely in algae with secondary red algal plastids, such as diatoms and haptophytes, despite their immense ecological significance. In the present work, we examine whether the haptophyte alga Phaeocystis antarctica, and dinoflagellate cells that host kleptoplasts derived from P. antarctica, both endemic in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, are capable of light adaptive STs. In these organisms, Chl a fluorescence can be excited either by direct light absorption, or indirectly by electronic excitation (EE) transfer from ultraviolet light absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) to Chl a (Stamatakis et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1858 [2017] 189-195). Here we show that, on adaptation to PS II-selective light, dark-adapted P. antarctica cells shift from light state 1 (ST1; more EE ending up in PS II) to light state 2 (ST2; more EE ending up in PS I), as revealed by the spectral distribution of directly-excited Chl a fluorescence and by changes in the macro-organization of pigment-protein complexes evidenced by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. In contrast, no STs are clearly detected in the case of the kleptoplast-hosting dinoflagellate cells, and in the case of indirectly excited Chls a, via MAAs, in P. antarctica cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Stamatakis
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Greece.
| | - Panayiotis-Ilias Broussos
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Greece
| | - Angeliki Panagiotopoulou
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Greece
| | - Rebecca J Gast
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Maria Pelecanou
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Greece
| | - George C Papageorgiou
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Greece
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49
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Tridgett M, Moore-Kelly C, Duprey JLHA, Iturbe LO, Tsang CW, Little HA, Sandhu SK, Hicks MR, Dafforn TR, Rodger A. Linear dichroism of visible-region chromophores using M13 bacteriophage as an alignment scaffold. RSC Adv 2018; 8:29535-29543. [PMID: 30713683 PMCID: PMC6333254 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05475d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is a challenge within the field of biomimetics to recreate the properties of light-harvesting antennae found in plants and photosynthetic bacteria. Attempts to recreate these biological structures typically rely on the alignment of fluorescent moieties via attachment to an inert linear scaffold, e.g. DNA, RNA or amyloid fibrils, to enable Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between attached chromophores. While there has been some success in this approach, refinement of the alignment of the chromophores is often limited, which may limit the efficiency of energy transfer achieved. Here we demonstrate how linear dichroism spectroscopy may be used to ascertain the overall alignment of chromophores bound to the M13 bacteriophage, a model linear scaffold, and demonstrate how this may be used to distinguish between lack of FRET efficiency due to chromophore separation, and chromophore misalignment. This approach will allow the refinement of artificial light-harvesting antennae in a directed fashion. Here we characterise four dyes and assess the complementarity of linear dichroism and FRET in biomimetic light-harvesting antennae optimisation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Tridgett
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Charles Moore-Kelly
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Jean-Louis H A Duprey
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Lorea Orueta Iturbe
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Chi W Tsang
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK
| | - Haydn A Little
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Sandeep K Sandhu
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Matthew R Hicks
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Timothy R Dafforn
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Alison Rodger
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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50
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Li X, Buda F, de Groot HJ, Sevink GJA. Contrasting Modes of Self-Assembly and Hydrogen-Bonding Heterogeneity in Chlorosomes of Chlorobaculum tepidum. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2018; 122:14877-14888. [PMID: 30258522 PMCID: PMC6150686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b01790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chlorosome antennae form an interesting class of materials for studying the role of structural motifs and dynamics in nonadiabatic energy transfer. They perform robust and highly quantum-efficient transfer of excitonic energy while allowing for compositional variation and completely lacking the usual regulatory proteins. Here, we first cast the geometrical analysis for ideal tubular scaffolding models into a formal framework, to relate effective helical properties of the assembly structures to established characterization data for various types of chlorosomes. This analysis shows that helicity is uniquely defined for chlorosomes composed of bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) d and that three chiral angles are consistent with the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron microscope data for BChl c, including two novel ones that are at variance with current interpretations of optical data based on perfect cylindrical symmetry. We use this information as a starting point for investigating dynamic and static heterogeneity at the molecular level by unconstrained molecular dynamics. We first identify a rotational degree of freedom, along the Mg-OH coordination bond, that alternates along the syn-anti stacks and underlies the (flexible) curvature on a larger scale. Because rotation directly relates to the formation or breaking of interstack hydrogen bonds of the O-H···O=C structural motif along the syn-anti stacks, we analyzed the relative fractions of hydrogen-bonded and the nonbonded regions, forming stripe domains in otherwise spectroscopically homogeneous curved slabs. The ratios 7:3 for BChl c and 9:1 for BChl d for the two distinct structural components agree well with the signal intensities determined by NMR. In addition, rotation with curvature-independent formation of stripe domains offers a viable explanation for the localization and dispersion of exciton states over two fractions, as observed in single chlorosome fluorescence decay studies.
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