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Wiesner M, Capaldi DM, Kerr DCR, Wu W. Bidirectional Associations of Mental Health with Self-Reported Criminal Offending Over Time for At-Risk Early Adult Men in the USA. JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND LIFE-COURSE CRIMINOLOGY 2023; 9:211-237. [PMID: 38846025 PMCID: PMC11156218 DOI: 10.1007/s40865-022-00221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Criminal offending and mental health problems often co-occur. This study examined competing models to understand bidirectional associations between crime and mental health problems over time among at-risk men in the U.S. It was hypothesized that there would be significant cross-lagged associations of offending and mental health problems in early adulthood. Longitudinal data were drawn from 206 at-risk men enrolled in the Oregon Youth Study. Random intercept cross-lagged models examined bidirectional associations between mental health problems (assessed with the 53-item Brief Symptom Inventory) and self-reported offending in early adulthood across 6 time points from ages 19-20 to 29-30 years. Sociodemographic factors, prior levels, and common risk factors (i.e., parents' criminality, mental health problems, and socioeconomic status, as well as child age, antisocial propensity, and internalizing behaviors) were controlled during analysis. A robust association between mental health problems and offending was found for the early adult period, especially for total and violence offenses. Findings did not support the hypothesized positive cross-lagged effects. Instead, two cross-lagged effects emerged indicating that offending was inversely related to subsequent mental health problems. Childhood antisocial propensity and internalizing behaviors emerged as important predictors of stable between-person level differences in offending and mental health problems, respectively, although results differed as a function of offense categories (total, violence, property, drug). Findings indicate that the relation between mental health problems and offending is unidirectional, temporal, and partially spurious. Preventing child internalizing behaviors and child antisocial behaviors holds promise for reducing early adult mental health problems and offending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Wiesner
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Weiwei Wu
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX
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Shields AN, Oltmanns TF, Boudreaux MJ, Paul SE, Bogdan R, Tackett JL. The Impact of Personality Pathology Across Three Generations: Evidence from the St. Louis Personality and Intergenerational Network Study. Clin Psychol Sci 2021; 9:900-918. [PMID: 35433118 PMCID: PMC9009746 DOI: 10.1177/2167702621989665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Personality disorder (PD) symptoms in a parent generation may confer risk for problems in future generations, but intergenerational transmission has not been studied beyond parent-child effects. We examined the generational transfer of risk associated with PDs using structural models of grandparent personality pathology and grandchild psychopathology among 180 adults (M age =66.9), 218 of their children (M age =41.2), and 337 of their grandchildren (M age =10.5). We found evidence for general and heterotypic domain-specific transmission. Specifically, broad grandparent personality pathology was associated with broad grandchild psychopathology (B=.15, 95% CI [-.01, .31]); at the domain level, grandparent internalizing personality pathology was associated with grandchild externalizing psychopathology (B =.06, 95% CI [.01, .12]). Neither association was significantly mediated by parental personality pathology. These findings indicate that personality pathology in one generation confers risk for psychopathology across subsequent generations. Such intergenerational transmission operates across broad, rather than specific (i.e., individual disorder) psychopathology domains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas F. Oltmanns
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis
| | | | - Sarah E. Paul
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Ryan Bogdan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis
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Capaldi DM, Wiesner M, Kerr DCR, Owen LD, Tiberio SS. Intergenerational Associations in Crime for an At-Risk Sample of US Men: Factors that May Mitigate or Exacerbate Transmission. JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND LIFE-COURSE CRIMINOLOGY 2021; 7:331-358. [PMID: 35531311 PMCID: PMC9070987 DOI: 10.1007/s40865-021-00168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine moderation of intergenerational transmission of crime and antisocial behavior of parents to adult arrests of sons (from age 18 years to ages 37-38 years). Moderators examined were from late childhood (constructive parenting and sons' inhibitory control, internalizing symptoms, and cognitive function), adolescence (delinquency and deviant peer association), and early adulthood (educational achievement, employment history, substance use, deviant peer association, and partner antisocial behavior). METHODS Study participants were parents and sons (N = 206) from the longitudinal Oregon Youth Study, recruited from schools in the higher crime areas of a medium-sized metropolitan region in the Pacific Northwest. Assessment included official arrest records, school data, interviews, and questionnaires. RESULTS As hypothesized, parents' and sons' histories of two or more arrests were significantly associated. Predictions of sons' arrests from a broader construct of parental antisocial behavior were significantly moderated by sons' late childhood cognitive function and early adult employment history, substance use, and romantic partner's antisocial behavior. Overall, there was relatively little intergenerational association in crime at low levels of these moderators. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate relatively large intergenerational associations in crime. The identified moderators may be used as selection criteria or targeted in prevention and treatment efforts aimed at reducing such associations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margit Wiesner
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX
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Pękala K, Kacprzak A, Pękala-Wojciechowska A, Chomczyński P, Olszewski M, Marczak M, Kozłowski R, Timler D, Zakonnik Ł, Sienkiewicz K, Kozłowska E, Rasmus P. Risk Factors of Early Adolescence in the Criminal Career of Polish Offenders in the Light of Life Course Theory. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126583. [PMID: 34207331 PMCID: PMC8296512 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Life course theory (LCT) diagnoses childhood and adolescent factors that determine an individual’s involvement in crime in the future. Farrington lists eight key correlates identified by empirical analyses of criminal careers. In this paper, we seek to discuss the inconsistencies with LCT that we observed in our three empirical studies of the criminal careers of Polish offenders. During 12 years of qualitative research, we conducted direct observations and in-depth interviews in juvenile correction institutions (21) and prisons (8) across the country. We gained access to incarcerated (102) and released (30) juvenile offenders, as well as to incarcerated (68) and released (28) adult offenders. We also conducted in-depth interviews (92) with experts working with young and adult offenders. We similarly accessed some offenders’ criminal records and psychological opinions. Our study revealed the strong presence of family and neighborhood influences on early criminality. Contrary to LCT assumptions, state-dependent institutions (military, work, family) were not strong enough determinants of delinquency. Polish offenders generally experience criminal onset later than LCT-oriented criminologists indicate. Based on our data, we also agree with the thesis that the onset of crime should be discussed as different age-related periods rather than just a general onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Pękala
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 90-131 Lodz, Poland; (K.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Andrzej Kacprzak
- Department of Applied Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Economics and Sociology, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland;
| | | | - Piotr Chomczyński
- Department of Sociology of Organization and Management, Faculty of Economics and Sociology, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Michał Olszewski
- Department of Management and Logistics in Healthcare, Medical University of Lodz, 90-131 Lodz, Poland; (M.O.); (M.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Michał Marczak
- Department of Management and Logistics in Healthcare, Medical University of Lodz, 90-131 Lodz, Poland; (M.O.); (M.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Remigiusz Kozłowski
- Center of Security Technologies in Logistics, Faculty of Management, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Timler
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Disaster Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-212 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Łukasz Zakonnik
- Faculty of Economics and Sociology, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Kamila Sienkiewicz
- Department of Management and Logistics in Healthcare, Medical University of Lodz, 90-131 Lodz, Poland; (M.O.); (M.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Elżbieta Kozłowska
- Department of Microbiology and Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Paweł Rasmus
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 90-131 Lodz, Poland; (K.P.); (P.R.)
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Rhodes BE, Gottfredson NC, Hill LM. Desistance and Treatment Seeking Among Women With Substance Use Disorders. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2018; 28:1330-1341. [PMID: 29671376 PMCID: PMC7470472 DOI: 10.1177/1049732318767637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Addiction rates are rising faster among women than men. However, women with substance use disorders are less likely to enter treatment than males. This study seeks to understand how turning-point events and other maturational processes affect "life course persistent" women's motivations for seeking treatment for their disorder. We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with 30 women who were receiving treatment for addiction using thematic analysis. Recurring themes were as follows: experiences of rock-bottom events prior to entering treatment, feeling "sick and tired" in regard to both their physical and mental health, and shifting identities or perceptions of themselves. We discuss the importance of motivating shifts in identity to prevent women from entering treatment as a result of more traumatic mechanisms as well as the possibility of intercepting women with substance dependence and chronic health conditions in primary care or hospital settings with the aim of encouraging treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blythe E. Rhodes
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nisha C. Gottfredson
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lauren M. Hill
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Capaldi DM, Tiberio SS, Kerr DCR. Assessing Associations in Substance Use across Three Generations: From Grandparents to Sons and from Sons to Their Children. CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL SCIENCE 2018; 13:288-304. [PMID: 31435489 PMCID: PMC6703815 DOI: 10.1080/21582041.2018.1433313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Three Generational Study (3GS) began in the early 90s and involves the third generation (G3) offspring of second generation (G2) fathers who were originally recruited in 1984 as part of the Oregon Youth Study (OYS) in mid childhood (ages 9-10 years) along with their first- generation (G1) parents. As boys, the G2 fathers lived in higher delinquency neighborhoods of a medium-sized Pacific Northwestern United States city. The OYS-3GS examines questions concerning socially mediated intergenerational transmission versus discontinuity (or moderation) of antisocial behavior, substance use, and related problem behaviors. Questions address influences of the grandparents, or Generation 1 (G1), on their sons in G2 and in turn of these sons and their partners on their own children in G3. In this article, we present an overview of the study design-and underlying theory-related to general and outcome-specific transmission pathways. We then summarize key issues and findings to date related to the current main focus of the study regarding intergenerational associations in substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah M Capaldi
- Oregon Social Learning Center, 10 Shelton McMurphey Blvd, Eugene, OR 97401, Phone 541-485-2711, FAX 541-485-7087,
| | - Stacey S Tiberio
- Oregon Social Learning Center, 10 Shelton McMurphey Blvd, Eugene, OR 97401, Phone 541-485-2711, FAX 541-485-7087,
| | - David C R Kerr
- Oregon Social Learning Center, 10 Shelton McMurphey Blvd, Eugene, OR 97401, Phone 541-485-2711, FAX 541-485-7087,
- School of Psychological Science, Oregon State University, 213 Reed Lodge, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USA, (541) 737-1364; FAX (541) 737-3547,
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Massetti GM, Simon TR, Smith DG. Methodological and Design Considerations in Evaluating the Impact of Prevention Programs on Violence and Related Health Outcomes. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2016; 17:779-84. [PMID: 27543077 PMCID: PMC10863975 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-016-0704-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Drawing on research that has identified specific predictors and trajectories of risk for violence and related negative outcomes, a multitude of small- and large-scale preventive interventions for specific risk behaviors have been developed, implemented, and evaluated. One of the principal challenges of these approaches is that a number of separate problem-specific programs targeting different risk areas have emerged. However, as many negative health behaviors such as substance abuse and violence share a multitude of risk factors, many programs target identical risk factors. There are opportunities to understand whether evidence-based programs can be leveraged for potential effects across a spectrum of outcomes and over time. Some recent work has documented longitudinal effects of evidence-based interventions on generalized outcomes. This work has potential for advancing our understanding of the effectiveness of promising and evidence-based prevention strategies. However, conducting longitudinal follow-up of established interventions presents a number of methodological and design challenges. To answer some of these questions, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened a panel of multidisciplinary experts to discuss opportunities to take advantage of evaluations of early prevention programs and evaluating multiple long-term outcomes. This special section of the journal Prevention Science includes a series of papers that begin to address the relevant considerations for conducting longitudinal follow-up evaluation research. This collection of papers is intended to inform our understanding of the challenges and strategies for conducting longitudinal follow-up evaluation research that could be used to drive future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta M Massetti
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
- Present Address: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, MS K76, 30341, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Thomas R Simon
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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