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El-Nagar D, Salem SH, El-Zamik FI, El-Basit HMIA, Galal YGM, Soliman SM, Aziz HAA, Rizk MA, El-Sayed ESR. Bioprospecting endophytic fungi for bioactive metabolites with seed germination promoting potentials. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:200. [PMID: 38851702 PMCID: PMC11162052 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03337-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for new bioactive molecules with unique mechanisms of action and chemistry to address the issue of incorrect use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which hurts both the environment and the health of humans. In light of this, research was done for this work to isolate, identify, and evaluate the germination-promoting potential of various plant species' fungal endophytes. Zea mays L. (maize) seed germination was examined using spore suspension of 75 different endophytic strains that were identified. Three promising strains were identified through screening to possess the ability mentioned above. These strains Alternaria alternate, Aspergilus flavus, and Aspergillus terreus were isolated from the stem of Tecoma stans, Delonix regia, and Ricinus communis, respectively. The ability of the three endophytic fungal strains to produce siderophore and indole acetic acid (IAA) was also examined. Compared to both Aspergillus flavus as well as Aspergillus terreus, Alternaria alternata recorded the greatest rates of IAA, according to the data that was gathered. On CAS agar versus blue media, all three strains failed to produce siderophores. Moreover, the antioxidant and antifungal potentials of extracts from these fungi were tested against different plant pathogens. The obtained results indicated the antioxidant and antifungal activities of the three fungal strains. GC-Mass studies were carried out to determine the principal components in extracts of all three strains of fungi. The three strains' fungus extracts included both well-known and previously unidentified bioactive compounds. These results may aid in the development of novel plant growth promoters by suggesting three different fungal strains as sources of compounds that may improve seed germination. According to the study that has been given, as unexplored sources of bioactive compounds, fungal endophytes have great potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina El-Nagar
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S H Salem
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Fatma I El-Zamik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Y G M Galal
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S M Soliman
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H A Abdel Aziz
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M A Rizk
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed R El-Sayed
- Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
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2
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Souza JADM, Gubiani JR, de Siqueira KA, de Camargo MJ, Garcez WS, de Sousa PT, Soares MA, Araújo ÂR, Nunes EVDS, Vieira LCC, Sampaio OM, Goulart LS, Biasetto CR, de Menezes OT, de Oliveira CM, Nogueira CR, Pinto LDS, Teles HL. Antimicrobial metabolites produced by endophytic fungi associated with the leaves of Vochysia divergens. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:978-985. [PMID: 37154616 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2208723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of the endophytic fungi Nigrospora sphaerica, Nigrospora oryzae, and Pseudofusicoccum stromaticum MeOH fractions isolated from the leaves of Vochysia divergens, a medicinal species from the Brazilian Pantanal, led to the identification of five compounds, namely a new compound (1E,8Z)-10,11-dihydroxy-5,5,8-trimethyl-4-oxocycloundeca-1,8-diene-1-carbaldehyde (1) and four known compounds: 5-methylmellein (2), sclerone (3), daldinone A (4), and lasiodiplodin (5). All compounds were identified using spectroscopic methods, and 1 was corroborated with mass spectrometry, while the known compounds were compared with data in the literature. The relative configuration of compound 1 was determined based on theoretical conformational studies as well as the J experimental values between the hydroxymethyne hydrogens. The antimicrobial activity of the compounds was evaluated. Promising results were obtained for compounds 2, 4, and 5 since they inhibited the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen, suggesting the potential of these microorganisms as a source of new antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliana R Gubiani
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, São Paulo University, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Walmir S Garcez
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Paulo T de Sousa
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Marcos A Soares
- Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Ângela R Araújo
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, NuBBE, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Emanuel V Dos S Nunes
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, NuBBE, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Lucas C C Vieira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Olívia M Sampaio
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Letícia S Goulart
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rondonópolis, Rondonópolis, Brazil
| | - Carolina R Biasetto
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, NuBBE, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Orivaldo T de Menezes
- Institute of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Amazonas, Itacoatiara, Brazil
| | - Camila M de Oliveira
- Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Rondonópolis, Rondonópolis, Brazil
| | - Cláudio R Nogueira
- Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Luciano da S Pinto
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Helder L Teles
- Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Rondonópolis, Rondonópolis, Brazil
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3
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Dutta S, Houdinet G, NandaKafle G, Kafle A, Hawkes CV, Garcia K. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Nigrospora sp. isolated from switchgrass leaves and antagonistic toward plant pathogens. J Microbiol Methods 2023; 215:106849. [PMID: 37907117 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Nigrospora is a diverse genus of fungi colonizing plants through endophytic, pathogenic, or saprobic interactions. Endophytic isolates can improve growth and development of host plants, as well as their resistance to microbial pathogens, but exactly how they do so remains poorly understood. Developing a reliable transformation method is crucial to investigate these mechanisms, in particular to identify pivotal genes for specific functions that correlate with specific traits. In this study, we identified eight isolates of Nigrospora sp. internally colonizing the leaves of switchgrass plants cultivated in North Carolina. Using an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation approach with control and GFP-expressing vectors, we report the first successful transformation of two Nigrospora isolates. Finally, we demonstrate that wild-type and transgenic isolates both negatively impact the growth of two plant pathogens in co-culture conditions, Bipolaris maydis and Parastagonospora nodorum, responsible for the Southern Leaf Blight and Septoria Nodorum Blotch diseases, respectively. The GFP-transformed strains developed here can therefore serve as accurate reporters of spatial interactions in future studies of Nigrospora and pathogens in the plant. Finally, the transformation method we describe lays the foundation for further genetic research on the Nigrospora genus to expand our mechanistic understanding of plant-endophyte interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Summi Dutta
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Gabriella Houdinet
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Gitanjali NandaKafle
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Arjun Kafle
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Christine V Hawkes
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Kevin Garcia
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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4
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Tsipinana S, Husseiny S, Alayande KA, Raslan M, Amoo S, Adeleke R. Contribution of endophytes towards improving plant bioactive metabolites: a rescue option against red-taping of medicinal plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1248319. [PMID: 37771494 PMCID: PMC10522919 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1248319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants remain a valuable source for natural drug bioprospecting owing to their multi-target spectrum. However, their use as raw materials for novel drug synthesis has been greatly limited by unsustainable harvesting leading to decimation of their wild populations coupled with inherent low concentrations of constituent secondary metabolites per unit mass. Thus, adding value to the medicinal plants research dynamics calls for adequate attention. In light of this, medicinal plants harbour endophytes which are believed to be contributing towards the host plant survival and bioactive metabolites through series of physiological interference. Stimulating secondary metabolite production in medicinal plants by using endophytes as plant growth regulators has been demonstrated to be one of the most effective methods for increasing metabolite syntheses. Use of endophytes as plant growth promotors could help to ensure continuous supply of medicinal plants, and mitigate issues with fear of extinction. Endophytes minimize heavy metal toxicity in medicinal plants. It has been hypothesized that when medicinal plants are exposed to harsh conditions, associated endophytes are the primary signalling channels that induce defensive reactions. Endophytes go through different biochemical processes which lead to activation of defence mechanisms in the host plants. Thus, through signal transduction pathways, endophytic microorganisms influence genes involved in the generation of secondary metabolites by plant cells. Additionally, elucidating the role of gene clusters in production of secondary metabolites could expose factors associated with low secondary metabolites by medicinal plants. Promising endophyte strains can be manipulated for enhanced production of metabolites, hence, better probability of novel bioactive metabolites through strain improvement, mutagenesis, co-cultivation, and media adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinawo Tsipinana
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Samah Husseiny
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Kazeem A. Alayande
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Mai Raslan
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Stephen Amoo
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Agricultural Research Council – Vegetables, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Roodeplaat, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Rasheed Adeleke
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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5
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Bahadori Ganjabadi P, Farzaneh M, Mirjalili MH. Development and Optimization of Culture Medium for the Production of Glabridin by Aspergillus eucalypticola: An Endophytic Fungus Isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Fabaceae). MYCOBIOLOGY 2023; 51:230-238. [PMID: 37711984 PMCID: PMC10498790 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2023.2225253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Glabridin is a well-known active isoflavone found in the root of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) that possess a wide range of biological activity. Plant cells, hairy roots, and fungal endophytes cultures are the most important alternative methods for plant resources conservation and sustainable production of natural compounds, which has received much attention in recent decades. In the present study, an efficient culture condition was optimized for the biomass accumulation and glabridin production from fungal endophyte Aspergillus eucalypticola SBU-11AE isolated from licorice root. Type of culture medium, range of pH, and licorice root extract (as an elicitor) were tested. The results showed that the highest and lowest biomass production was observed on PCB medium (6.43 ± 0.32 g/l) and peptone malt (5.85 + 0.11 g/l), respectively. The medium culture PCB was produced the highest level of glabridin (7.26 ± 0.44 mg/l), while the lowest level (4.47 ± 0.02 mg/l) was obtained from the medium peptone malt. The highest biomass (8.51 ± 0.43 g/l) and glabridin (8.30 ± 0.51 mg/l) production were observed from the PCB medium adjusted with pH = 6, while the lowest value of both traits was obtained from the same medium with pH = 7. The highest production of total glabridin (10.85 ± 0.84 mg/l) was also obtained from the culture medium treated with 100 mg/l of the plant root extract. This information can be interestingly used for the commercialization of glabridin production for further industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Bahadori Ganjabadi
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Farzaneh
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Mirjalili
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Wang JP, Shu Y, Zhang SQ, Yao LL, Li BX, Zhu L, Zhang X, Xiao H, Cai L, Ding ZT. Polyketides with antimicrobial activities from Penicillium canescens DJJ-1. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 206:113554. [PMID: 36496005 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Two undescribed polyketides canecines A-B, one unreported cyclopentenone canecine C, together with 12 known compounds were isolated from an extract of the fungus Penicillium canescens DJJ-1. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data, NMR calculations with dJ-DP4 or DP4+, and their absolute configurations were further determined by quantum chemical calculations of ECD spectra or X-crystallography. Canecine A was a grisan polyketide featuring a dimethyltetrahydro-4H-furo[2,3-b]pyran. Canecine A exhibited significant inhibitory activity against Candida albicans with an MIC value of 1 μg/mL and showed inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophages. These results enrich the structural diversities of polyketides from endophytic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Peng Wang
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Shu
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Sheng-Qi Zhang
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Lin-Lin Yao
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Bing-Xian Li
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Huai Xiao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Le Cai
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
| | - Zhong-Tao Ding
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China.
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7
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Huang H, Li D, Jiang S, Yang R, Yang Y, Xia Z, Jiang X, Zhao Y, Wang D, Song B, Chen Z. Integrated Transcriptome and Proteome Analysis Reveals that the Antimicrobial Griseofulvin Targets Didymella segeticola Beta-Tubulin to Control Tea Leaf Spot. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2023; 113:194-205. [PMID: 36173282 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-22-0061-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Because effective control measures are lacking, tea leaf spot caused by Didymella segeticola results in huge tea (Camellia sinensis) production losses on tea plantations in Guizhou Province, southwestern China. Screening for natural antimicrobial agents with higher control effects against this pathogen and studying their modes of action may contribute to disease management. Here, Penicillium griseofulvum-derived antimicrobial griseofulvin (GSF) can inhibit the hyphal growth of D. segeticola strain GZSQ-4, with a half-maximal effective concentration of 0.37 μg/ml in vitro and a higher curative efficacy at a lower dose of 25 μg/ml for detached tea twigs. GSF induces deformed and slightly curly hyphae with enlarged ends, with protoplasts agglutinated in the hyphae, and higher numbers of hyphal protuberances. GSF alters hyphal morphology and the subcellular structure's order. The integrated transcriptome and proteome data revealed that the transport of materials in cells, cellular movement, and mitosis were modulated by GSF. Molecular docking indicated that beta-tubulin was the most potent target of GSF, with a binding free energy of -13.59 kcal/mol, and microscale thermophoresis indicated that the dissociation constant (Kd) value of GSF binding to beta-tubulin 1, compared with beta-tubulin 2, was significantly lower. Thus, GSF potentially targets beta-tubulin 1 to disturb the chromosomal separation and fungal mitosis, thereby inhibiting hyphal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongke Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Dongxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Shilong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
- Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Rui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
- Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqiu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Yongtian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
- College of Life Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Delu Wang
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Baoan Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
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Wulandari AP, Triani E, Sari K, Prasetyani M, Nurzaman M, Purwati RD, Ermawar RA, Nuraini A. Endophytic microbiome of Boehmeria nivea and their antagonism against latent fungal pathogens in plants. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:320. [PMID: 36564720 PMCID: PMC9789607 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02737-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenic microbes still become obstacles that can reduce the quality of plant growth, including ramie (Boehmeria nivea) plants. The study identified the microbiome and antagonistic interaction of the endophytic community from the B. nivea is necessary to improve the production of the ramie plant, especially ramie stem organs for fiber materials. RESULTS: Twenty isolates of endophytic microorganisms were obtained from the roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. They were identified using the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal (rDNA), and its morphotypes obtained 20 isolates, with a composition of 9 species of bacteria and 11 species of fungi. Besides that, the disease observations on ramie stems showed that four species of pathogenic fungi were identified as Fusarium solani isolate 3,248,941, Fusarium solani isolates colpat-359, Fusarium oxysporum isolate N-61-2, Clonostachys rosea strain B3042. The endophytic microorganism of ramie ability was tested to determine their potential to inhibit the growth of the pathogenic fungi based on the in-vivo antagonist test. The isolated bacteria were only able to inhibit the growth of F. solani, with the highest percentage of 54-55%. Three species of endophytic fungi, including Cladosporium tennissimum, Fusarium falciforme, and Penicillium citrinum, showed the best inhibition against the fungal pathogen Fusarium solani with the highest inhibitory presentation of 91-95%. Inhibitory interaction between the endophytic microbes and the ramie pathogens indicated the type of antibiosis, competition, and parasitism. CONCLUSION: The results of this study succeeded in showing the potential antifungal by endophytic fungi from ramie against the pathogens of the plant itself. P. citrinum isolate MEBP0017 showed the highest inhibition against all the pathogens of the ramie.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asri Peni Wulandari
- grid.11553.330000 0004 1796 1481Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia ,grid.11553.330000 0004 1796 1481Center for Bioprospection of Natural Fibers and Biological Resources, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Erin Triani
- grid.11553.330000 0004 1796 1481Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Kartika Sari
- grid.11553.330000 0004 1796 1481Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Mila Prasetyani
- grid.11553.330000 0004 1796 1481Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Mohamad Nurzaman
- grid.11553.330000 0004 1796 1481Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia ,grid.11553.330000 0004 1796 1481Center for Bioprospection of Natural Fibers and Biological Resources, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Rully Dyah Purwati
- grid.500527.50000 0001 0675 7176Research Center of Sweetener Plants and Fibers, Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Riksfardini A. Ermawar
- Research and Development Center of Biomaterials, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Anne Nuraini
- grid.11553.330000 0004 1796 1481Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia
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9
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Coumarins as Fungal Metabolites with Potential Medicinal Properties. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091156. [PMID: 36139936 PMCID: PMC9495007 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarins are a structurally varied set of 2H-chromen-2-one compounds categorized also as members of the benzopyrone group of secondary metabolites. Coumarin derivatives attract interest owing to their wide practical application and the unique reactivity of fused benzene and pyrone ring systems in molecular structure. Coumarins have their own specific fingerprints as antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiadipogenic, cytotoxic, apoptosis, antitumor, antitubercular, and cytotoxicity agents. Natural products have played an essential role in filling the pharmaceutical pipeline for thousands of years. Biological effects of natural coumarins have laid the basis of low-toxic and highly effective drugs. Presently, more than 1300 coumarins have been identified in plants, bacteria, and fungi. Fungi as cultivated microbes have provided many of the nature-inspired syntheses of chemically diverse drugs. Endophytic fungi bioactivities attract interest, with applications in fields as diverse as cancer and neuronal injury or degeneration, microbial and parasitic infections, and others. Fungal mycelia produce several classes of bioactive molecules, including a wide group of coumarins. Of promise are further studies of conditions and products of the natural and synthetic coumarins’ biotransformation by the fungal cultures, aimed at solving the urgent problem of searching for materials for biomedical engineering. The present review evaluates the fungal coumarins, their structure-related peculiarities, and their future therapeutic potential. Special emphasis has been placed on the coumarins successfully bioprospected from fungi, whereas an industry demand for the same coumarins earlier found in plants has faced hurdles. Considerable attention has also been paid to some aspects of the molecular mechanisms underlying the coumarins’ biological activity. The compounds are selected and grouped according to their cytotoxic, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, and miscellaneous effects.
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Selecting Endophytes for Rhizome Production, Curcumin Content, Biocontrol Potential, and Antioxidant Activities of Turmeric (Curcuma longa). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8321734. [PMID: 36051479 PMCID: PMC9427320 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8321734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Beneficial endophytes may enhance plant growth and stress tolerance. Yet, the plant health benefits of endophytes can be altered by biotic and abiotic factors and, thus, favour the inhibition of turmeric growth and curcumin production. The double petri dish method and greenhouse pot experiments were conducted to assess the biocontrol potential and impact of endophytes on the output, curcumin levels, and antioxidant activities of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). The results showed that endophytes could control some disease-causing plant pathogens: 52% of all isolates have an antagonistic action against Fusarium oxysporum, 43% against Pythium myriotylum, 35% against Phytophthora megakarya, and 56% against Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro. Eight months after sowing, most endophyte isolates can increase the yield of turmeric rhizomes on a sterile substrate after inoculation, with yields ranging from 42 to 105% higher than the control and 3 to 50% higher than the urea treatment. In addition, 52% endophytes isolate significantly raised curcumin levels after 8 months of culture (from 2.1 to 3.1%) compared to control (1.7%) and urea treatment (1.8%). These endophytes promote an increase in the levels of reduced glutathione (22%), total thiols (26%), and carotenoids (91%) in turmeric. The study concludes that, in general, the endophytes-turmeric association can stimulate turmeric rhizome production, curcumin, and the antioxidant activities of the plant. They can also be used as biocontrol agents for plant pathogens.
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Xu T, Song Z, Hou Y, Liu S, Li X, Yang Q, Wu S. Secondary metabolites of the genus Nigrospora from terrestrial and marine habitats: Chemical diversity and biological activity. Fitoterapia 2022; 161:105254. [PMID: 35872163 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites produced by the ascomycetes have attracted wide attention from researchers. Their diverse chemical structures and rich biological activities are essential in medicine, food, and agriculture. The monophyletic Nigrospora genus belongs to the Apiosporaceae family and is a rich source of novel and diverse bioactive metabolites. It occurs as a common plant pathogen, endophyte, and saprobe distributed in many ecosystems worldwide. Researchers have focused on discovering new species and secondary metabolites in the past ten years. The host diseases caused by Nigrospora species are also investigated. This review describes 50 references from Web of Science, CNKI, Google Scholar and PubMed related to the secondary metabolites from Nigrospora. Here, a total of 231 compounds isolated from five known species and 21 unidentified species of Nigrospora from January 1991 to June 2022 are summarized. Their structures are attributed to polyketides, terpenoids, steroids, N-containing compounds, and fatty acids. Meanwhile, 77 metabolites exhibited various biological activities like cytotoxic, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antileukemic, antimalarial, phytotoxic, enzyme inhibitory, etc. Notably, this review presents a comprehensive literature survey focusing on the chemistry and bioactivity of secondary metabolites from Nigrospora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangchang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Zhiqiang Song
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yage Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Sisi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Xinpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Qingrong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Shaohua Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
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Adeleke BS, Babalola OO. Meta-omics of endophytic microbes in agricultural biotechnology. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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BARBOZA GR, ALMEIDA JMD, SILVA NCC. Use of natural substrates as an alternative for the prevention of microbial contamination in the food industry. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.05720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial potential of Nigrospora sphaerica (Berk. & Broome) Petch, a fungal endophyte isolated from Dillenia indica L. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-021-00619-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Liu R, Liu J, Huang Q, Liu S, Jiang Y. Moringa oleifera: a systematic review of its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:296-320. [PMID: 34718669 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) Lam (Moringaceae) is a perennial plant broadly used in South Asia and Africa as a traditional folk medicine to treat many ailments such as paralysis, helminthiasis, sores and skin infections. The review provides a critical and comprehensive evaluation of the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, agricultural economy and dietary benefit of M. oleifera and its future perspectives. KEY FINDINGS In this review, the entire plant of M. oleifera, containing diverse phytochemicals, is summarized. The 163 chemical components, included flavonoids, carbamates, glucosinolates, phenols, and so on with various bioactivities, such as anti-tumour, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and so on. Additionally, M. oleifera is toxic at certain doses; and overuse can cause genotoxicity. SUMMARY Although M. oleifera has been widely used in traditional medicine, the pharmacological studies that have been conducted so far are not sufficient for its use in the setting of evidence-based medicine. Little relevant data from clinical trials of M. oleifera have been reported. The majority of studies of its constituents, such as carbamates and glucosinolates, have been conducted only in vitro. Owing to a lack of available data, the pharmacology, toxicity, agricultural economy and dietary benefit of its constituents and extracts require further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yueping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Chebet ON, Omosa LK, Subramanian S, Nchiozem-Ngnitedem VA, Mmari JO, Akutse KS. Mechanism of Action of Endophytic Fungi Hypocrea lixii and Beauveria bassiana in Phaseolus vulgaris as Biopesticides against Pea Leafminer and Fall Armyworm. Molecules 2021; 26:5694. [PMID: 34577165 PMCID: PMC8471441 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungal isolates Hypocrea lixii F3ST1 and Beauveria bassiana G1LU3 were evaluated for their potential to endophytically colonize and induce active compounds in Phaseolus vulgaris, as a defense mechanism against pea leafminer (Liriomyza huidobrensis) and fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda). Endophytic colonization was achieved through seed inoculation with the volatile emissions from P. vulgaris plants being analyzed using GC-MS. The crude extracts of P. vulgaris obtained using methanol and dichloromethane were assayed against leafminer and fall armyworm larvae using leaf dipping and topical application, respectively. The two isolates successfully colonized the entire host plant (roots, stems, and leaves) with significant variation (p < 0.001) between fungal isolates and the controls. The results showed qualitative differences in the volatile profiles between the control plants, endophytically colonized and insect-damaged plants attributed to fungal inoculation and leafminer damage. The crude methanol extracts significantly reduced the percentage pupation of 2nd instar leafminer larvae (p < 0.001) and adult-flies emergence (p < 0.05). The survival of the 1st instar fall armyworm larvae was also significantly reduced (p < 0.001) compared to the controls. This study demonstrated the high potential of endophytic fungi H. lixii and B. bassiana in inducing mainly specific defense compounds in the common bean P. vulgaris that can be used against pea leafminer and fall armyworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Ngeno Chebet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 30197-00100, Kenya; (O.N.C.); (V.-A.N.-N.); (J.O.M.)
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya;
| | - Leonidah Kerubo Omosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 30197-00100, Kenya; (O.N.C.); (V.-A.N.-N.); (J.O.M.)
| | - Sevgan Subramanian
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya;
| | | | - John Onyari Mmari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 30197-00100, Kenya; (O.N.C.); (V.-A.N.-N.); (J.O.M.)
| | - Komivi Senyo Akutse
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya;
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Li Y, Gai Z, Wang C, Li P, Li B. Identification of Mellein as a Pathogenic Substance of Botryosphaeria dothidea by UPLC-MS/MS Analysis and Phytotoxic Bioassay. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8471-8481. [PMID: 34304561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Botryosphaeria dothidea is a pathogenic fungus that can cause apple ring rot, a destructive apple disease in China. There have been reports on its molecular pathogenesis, but the pathogenic substances still remain unknown. In the present study, instrument analysis including UPLC-high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance showed that B. dothidea fermentation broth contained (R)-(-)-mellein, a well-known fungal enantiomer of mellein. For further confirmation, a UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of mellein was developed and validated. By this method, mellein was found to also exist in B. dothidea-infected apple fruits and branches with concentration ranges of 0.14-0.94 and 5.88-80.29 mg/kg, respectively. The concentration in fruits reached a peak at 48 h after pathogen inoculation, while a sustained concentration increase was achieved within 11 days for branches. Simultaneously, it was evident that there was a relation between disease spot expansion and mellein production kinetics in apple tissue. Phytotoxic bioassay showed that mellein could cause discoloration and death of apple leaves and browning in stems. Therefore, we confirmed that mellein was one of the pathogenic substances of B. dothidea. The present study provided additional data for the research on the pathogenesis of this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanze Li
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Gai
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Caixia Wang
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Pingliang Li
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Baohua Li
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
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Xu K, Li XQ, Zhao DL, Zhang P. Antifungal Secondary Metabolites Produced by the Fungal Endophytes: Chemical Diversity and Potential Use in the Development of Biopesticides. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:689527. [PMID: 34234763 PMCID: PMC8255633 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.689527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi can lead to huge losses in the agricultural fields and therefore remain a continuous threat to the global food security. Chemical-based fungicides contributed significantly in securing crop production. However, indiscriminate application of fungicides has led to increased chemical resistance and potential risks to human health and environment. Thus, there is an urgent need for searching for new bioactive natural products and developing them into new biopesticides. Fungal endophytes, microorganisms that reside in the fresh tissues of living plants, are regarded as untapped sources of novel natural products for exploitation in agriculture and/or medicine. Chemical examination of endophytic fungi has yielded enormous antifungal natural products with potential use in the development of biopesticides. This review summarizes a total of 132 antifungal metabolites isolated from fungal endophytes in the past two decades. The emphasis is on the unique chemical diversity of these metabolic products, together with their relevant antifungal properties. Moreover, some "star molecules," such as griseofulvin and trichothecene, as well as their synthetic derivatives that possess high potential as candidates of new natural fungicides, are also presented herein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dong-Lin Zhao
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Harnessing the Rhizosphere of the Halophyte Grass Aeluropus littoralis for Halophilic Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungi and Evaluation of Their Biostimulant Activities. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040784. [PMID: 33923476 PMCID: PMC8073152 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydroponic systems have gained interest and are increasingly used in hot and dry desert areas. Numbers of benefits are offered by hydroponic systems such as the ability to save water, enhance nutrients use efficiency, easy environmental control, and prevention of soil-borne diseases. However, the high consumption of chemical fertilizers for nutrient solution and the sensitivity of closed hydroponic systems to salinity are issues that need solutions. Thus, the main goal of our research activities is to isolate plant growth promoting fungi in order to develop sustainable hydroponic systems. We are working on isolating and testing the possibility to incorporate the cell-free filtrate (CFF) of plant growth promoting fungi (PGPF) in the composition of the nutrient solution. In this work, we isolated six strains of PGPF from the rhizosphere of the halophyte grass Aeluropus littoralis. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences amplified by ITS1 and ITS4 primers identified the isolated fungi as: Byssochlamys spectabilis, Chaetomium globosum, Cephalotheca foveolata, Penicillium melinii, Alternaria tenuissima, and Nigrospora chinensis. The promoting of vigor in tobacco seedlings was used as criteria to evaluate the biostimulant activity of these fungi by adding either their mycelia (DE: direct effect) or their cell-free filtrates (CFF: indirect effect) to the plant-growth media. The best significant growth stimulation was obtained with plants treated by B. spectabilis. However, only the CFFs of Byssochlamys spectabilis (A5.1) and Penicillium melinii (A8) when added at a dilution factor of 1/50 to half-strength nutritive solution (0.5NS) resulted in significant improvement of all assessed growth parameters. Indeed, the A5.1CFF and A8CFF in 0.5NS induced a significant better increase in the biomass production when compared to NS or 0.5NS alone. All fungi produced indole acetic acid in the CFFs, which could be one of the key factors explaining their biostimulant activities. Furthermore, six genes involved in nitrogen-metabolism (NR1 and NRT1), auxin biosynthesis (Tryp1 and YUCCA6-like), and brassinosteroid biosynthesis (DET2 and DWF4) were shown to be induced in roots or leaves following treatment of plants with the all CFFs. This work opens up a prospect to study in deep the biostimulant activity of PGPFs and their applications to decrease the requirement of chemical fertilizers in the hydroponic growing systems.
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Morales-Sánchez V, Díaz CE, Trujillo E, Olmeda SA, Valcarcel F, Muñoz R, Andrés MF, González-Coloma A. Bioactive Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus sp. SPH2. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:109. [PMID: 33540793 PMCID: PMC7913058 DOI: 10.3390/jof7020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, an ethyl acetate extract from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. SPH2 isolated from the stem parts of the endemic plant Bethencourtia palmensis was screened for its biocontrol properties against plant pathogens (Fusarium moniliforme, Alternaria alternata, and Botrytis cinerea), insect pests (Spodoptera littoralis, Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi), plant parasites (Meloidogyne javanica), and ticks (Hyalomma lusitanicum). SPH2 gave extracts with strong fungicidal and ixodicidal effects at different fermentation times. The bioguided isolation of these extracts gave compounds 1-3. Mellein (1) showed strong ixodicidal effects and was also fungicidal. This is the first report on the ixodicidal effects of 1. Neoaspergillic acid (2) showed potent antifungal effects. Compound 2 appeared during the exponential phase of the fungal growth while neohydroxyaspergillic acid (3) appeared during the stationary phase, suggesting that 2 is the biosynthetic precursor of 3. The mycotoxin ochratoxin A was not detected under the fermentation conditions used in this work. Therefore, SPH2 could be a potential biotechnological tool for the production of ixodicidal extracts rich in mellein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viridiana Morales-Sánchez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, CSIC, Serrano, 115, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.-S.); (R.M.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Carmen E. Díaz
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC. Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain;
| | - Elena Trujillo
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC. Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain;
| | - Sonia A. Olmeda
- Facultad de Veterinaria, UCM, Av. Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Felix Valcarcel
- Producción Animal, INIA, Av. Puerta de Hierro, 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Rubén Muñoz
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, CSIC, Serrano, 115, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.-S.); (R.M.); (M.F.A.)
| | - María Fe Andrés
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, CSIC, Serrano, 115, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.-S.); (R.M.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Azucena González-Coloma
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, CSIC, Serrano, 115, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (V.M.-S.); (R.M.); (M.F.A.)
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Singh A, Singh DK, Kharwar RN, White JF, Gond SK. Fungal Endophytes as Efficient Sources of Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds and Their Prospective Applications in Natural Product Drug Discovery: Insights, Avenues, and Challenges. Microorganisms 2021; 9:197. [PMID: 33477910 PMCID: PMC7833388 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are well-established sources of biologically active natural compounds with many producing pharmacologically valuable specific plant-derived products. This review details typical plant-derived medicinal compounds of several classes, including alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, lignans, phenylpropanoids, quinones, saponins, terpenoids, and xanthones that are produced by endophytic fungi. This review covers the studies carried out since the first report of taxol biosynthesis by endophytic Taxomyces andreanae in 1993 up to mid-2020. The article also highlights the prospects of endophyte-dependent biosynthesis of such plant-derived pharmacologically active compounds and the bottlenecks in the commercialization of this novel approach in the area of drug discovery. After recent updates in the field of 'omics' and 'one strain many compounds' (OSMAC) approach, fungal endophytes have emerged as strong unconventional source of such prized products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Singh
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India;
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Dheeraj K. Singh
- Department of Botany, Harish Chandra Post Graduate College, Varanasi 221001, India
| | - Ravindra N. Kharwar
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - James F. White
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Surendra K. Gond
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India;
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Yadav AN, Kaur T, Devi R, Kour D, Yadav N, Abdel-Azeem AM, Yadav A, Ahluwalia AS. Bioprospecting for Biomolecules from Industrially Important Fungi: Current Research and Future Prospects. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85603-8_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ramesha KP, Mohana NC, Nuthan BR, Rakshith D, Satish S. Antimicrobial metabolite profiling of Nigrospora sphaerica from Adiantum philippense L. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2020; 18:66. [PMID: 33094373 PMCID: PMC7581665 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Endophyte bestows beneficial aspects to its inhabiting host, along with a contribution to diverse structural attributes with biological potential. In this regard, antimicrobial profiling of fungal endophytes from medicinal plant Adiantum philippense revealed bioactive Nigrospora sphaerica from the leaf segment. Chemical and biological profiling through TLC–bioautography and hyphenated spectroscopic techniques confirmed the presence of phomalactone as an antimicrobial metabolite. Results The chemical investigation of the broth extract by bioassay-guided fractionation confirmed phomalactone as a bioactive antimicrobial secondary metabolite. The antimicrobial activity of phomalactone was found to be highest against Escherichia coli by disc diffusion assay. The MIC was found to be significant against both Escherichia coli and Xanthomonas campestris in the case of bacteria and dermatophyte Candida albicans at 150 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusions Overall, the results highlighted the antimicrobial potential of phomalactone from the endophyte Nigrospora sphaerica exhibiting a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against human and phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi. This work is the first report regarding the antibacterial activity of phomalactone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolathuru Puttamadaiah Ramesha
- Microbial Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - Nagabhushana Chandra Mohana
- Microbial Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - Bettadapura Rameshgowda Nuthan
- Microbial Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Microbial Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Microbial Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India.
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Dark Septate Endophytic Fungi Associated with Sugarcane Plants Cultivated in São Paulo, Brazil. DIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12090351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) constitute a polyphyletic group within the Ascomycota, with global distribution and a wide range of host plant species. The present study evaluated the diversity of DSE in sugarcane roots of the varieties RB867515, RB966928, and RB92579, and four varieties of not commercialized energy cane. A total of 16 DSE strains were isolated, mostly from the varieties RB966928 and RB867515, with six and five isolates, respectively. Just one of the four energy cane varieties had fungi with DSE appearance. The analyses of the DNA sequences from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit (LSU), in association with the micromorphology of the isolates, allowed the differentiation of the 16 isolates in at least five species, within the families Periconiaceae, Pleosporaceae, Lentitheciaceae, Vibrisseaceae, and Apiosporaceae and the orders Pleosporales, Helotiales, and Xylariales. The order Pleosporales represented 80% of the isolates, and the species Periconia macrospinosa, with six isolates, accounted for the highest isolation frequency. The results confirm the natural occurrence of the DSE symbiosis in sugarcane varieties and the generalist character of these fungi as some of the detected species have already been reported associated with other host plants, ecosystems, and regions of the world.
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Al-Badi RS, Karunasinghe TG, Al-Sadi AM, Al-Mahmooli IH, Velazhahan R. In vitro Antagonistic Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Shirazi Thyme ( Zataria multiflora Boiss.) against Monosporascus cannonballus. Pol J Microbiol 2020; 69:1-5. [PMID: 32755083 PMCID: PMC7810111 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi viz., Nigrospora sphaerica (E1 and E6), Subramaniula cristata (E7), and Polycephalomyces sinensis (E8 and E10) were isolated from the medicinal plant, Shirazi thyme (Zataria multiflora). In in vitro tests, these endophytes inhibited the mycelial growth of Monosporascus cannonballus, a plant pathogenic fungus. Morphological abnormalities in the hyphae of M. cannonballus at the edge of the inhibition zone in dual cultures with N. sphaerica were observed. The culture filtrates of these endophytes caused leakage of electrolytes from the mycelium of M. cannonballus. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation and characterization of fungal endophytes from Z. multiflora as well as their antifungal effect on M. cannonballus. Endophytic fungi viz., Nigrospora sphaerica (E1 and E6), Subramaniula cristata (E7), and Polycephalomyces sinensis (E8 and E10) were isolated from the medicinal plant, Shirazi thyme (Zataria multiflora). In in vitro tests, these endophytes inhibited the mycelial growth of Monosporascus cannonballus, a plant pathogenic fungus. Morphological abnormalities in the hyphae of M. cannonballus at the edge of the inhibition zone in dual cultures with N. sphaerica were observed. The culture filtrates of these endophytes caused leakage of electrolytes from the mycelium of M. cannonballus. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation and characterization of fungal endophytes from Z. multiflora as well as their antifungal effect on M. cannonballus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahil Said Al-Badi
- Department of Crop Sciences , College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Al-Khoud, Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Thamodini Gaya Karunasinghe
- Department of Crop Sciences , College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Al-Khoud, Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi
- Department of Crop Sciences , College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Al-Khoud, Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Issa Hashil Al-Mahmooli
- Department of Crop Sciences , College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Al-Khoud, Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rethinasamy Velazhahan
- Department of Crop Sciences , College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Al-Khoud, Muscat , Sultanate of Oman
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Hao Y, Aluthmuhandiram JVS, Chethana KWT, Manawasinghe IS, Li X, Liu M, Hyde KD, Phillips AJL, Zhang W. Nigrospora Species Associated with Various Hosts from Shandong Peninsula, China. MYCOBIOLOGY 2020; 48:169-183. [PMID: 37970567 PMCID: PMC10635173 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2020.1761747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Nigrospora is a monophyletic genus belonging to Apiosporaceae. Species in this genus are phytopathogenic, endophytic, and saprobic on different hosts. In this study, leaf specimens with disease symptoms were collected from host plants from the Shandong Peninsula, China. The fungal taxa associated with these leaf spots were studied using morphology and phylogeny based on ITS, TEF1, and TUB2 gene regions. In this article, we report on the genus Nigrospora with N. gorlenkoana, N. oryzae, N. osmanthi, N. rubi, and N. sphaerica identified with 13 novel host associations including crops with economic importance such as bamboo and Chinese rose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Hao
- Administration Center of the Yellow River Delta Sustainable Development Institute of Shandong Province, Dongying, PR China
| | - Janith V. S. Aluthmuhandiram
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - K. W. Thilini Chethana
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Ishara S. Manawasinghe
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Xinghong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Mei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Kevin D. Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Alan J. L. Phillips
- Faculdade de Ciências, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Wei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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Reveglia P, Masi M, Evidente A. Melleins-Intriguing Natural Compounds. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E772. [PMID: 32429259 PMCID: PMC7277180 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melleins are 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins mainly produced by fungi, but also by plants, insects and bacteria. These specialized metabolites play important roles in the life cycles of the producers and they are involved in many biochemical and ecological processes. This review outlines the isolation and chemical and biological characterizations of natural-occurring melleins from the first report of (R)-mellein in 1933 to the most recent advances in their characterization in 2019. In addition, the pathways that could be involved in mellein biosynthesis are discussed, along with the enzymes and genes involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Reveglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (P.R.); (M.M.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Foggia, Plesso di Medicina Viale Luigi Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Marco Masi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (P.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (P.R.); (M.M.)
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28
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Phytotoxic Metabolites Isolated from Neufusicoccum batangarum, the Causal Agent of the Scabby Canker of Cactus Pear ( Opuntia ficus-indica L.). Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12020126. [PMID: 32085485 PMCID: PMC7077194 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12020126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Six phytotoxins were obtained from the culture filtrates of the ascomycete Neofusicoccum batangarum, the causal agent of the scabby canker of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) in minor Sicily islands. The phytotoxins were identified as (−)-(R)-mellein (1); (±)-botryoisocoumarin A (2); (−)-(3R,4R)- and (−)-(3R,4S)-4-hydroxymellein (3 and 4); (−)-terpestacin (5); and (+)-3,4-dihydro-4,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methylisocoumarin, which we named (+)-neoisocoumarin (6). This identification was done by comparing their spectral and optical data with those already reported in literature. The absolute configuration (3R,4S) to (+)-neoisocoumarin (6) was determined using the advanced Mosher method. All six metabolites were shown to have phytotoxicity on the host (cactus pear) and non-host (tomato) plants, and the most active compounds were (±)-botryoisocoumarin A (2), (−)-terpestacin (5), and (+)-neoisocoumarin (6).
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Noor AO, Almasri DM, Bagalagel AA, Abdallah HM, Mohamed SGA, Mohamed GA, Ibrahim SRM. Naturally Occurring Isocoumarins Derivatives from Endophytic Fungi: Sources, Isolation, Structural Characterization, Biosynthesis, and Biological Activities. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020395. [PMID: 31963586 PMCID: PMC7024277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the metabolites separated from endophytes have attracted significant attention, as many of them have a unique structure and appealing pharmacological and biological potentials. Isocoumarins represent one of the most interesting classes of metabolites, which are coumarins isomers with a reversed lactone moiety. They are produced by plants, microbes, marine organisms, bacteria, insects, liverworts, and fungi and possessed a wide array of bioactivities. This review gives an overview of isocoumarins derivatives from endophytic fungi and their source, isolation, structural characterization, biosynthesis, and bioactivities, concentrating on the period from 2000 to 2019. Overall, 307 metabolites and more than 120 references are conferred. This is the first review on these multi-facetted metabolites from endophytic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Omar Noor
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.O.N.); (D.M.A.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Diena Mohammedallam Almasri
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.O.N.); (D.M.A.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Alaa Abdullah Bagalagel
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.O.N.); (D.M.A.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Hossam Mohamed Abdallah
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.A.); (G.A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | | | - Gamal Abdallah Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.A.); (G.A.M.)
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Sabrin Ragab Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al-Munawwarah 30078, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-581183034
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30
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Teimoori-Boghsani Y, Ganjeali A, Cernava T, Müller H, Asili J, Berg G. Endophytic Fungi of Native Salvia abrotanoides Plants Reveal High Taxonomic Diversity and Unique Profiles of Secondary Metabolites. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3013. [PMID: 32010087 PMCID: PMC6978743 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are often embedded in their host's metabolic networks, which can result in alterations of metabolite production and higher amounts of active compounds in medicinal plants. This study reports the occurrence, diversity, and secondary metabolite profiles of endophytic fungi isolated from Salvia abrotanoides plants obtained from three geographically distinct sites in Iran. A total of 56 endophytic fungi were isolated from roots and leaves of S. abrotanoides; site-specificity and root-dominated colonization was found to be a general characteristic of the endophytes. Based on molecular identification, the endophytic fungi were classified into 15 genera. Mycelial extracts of these isolates were subjected to high-resolution mass spectrometry analyses and revealed a broad spectrum of secondary metabolites. Our results demonstrated that Penicillium canescens, P. murcianum, Paraphoma radicina, and Coniolariella hispanica are producers of cryptotanshinone, which is a main bioactive compound of S. abrotanoides. Moreover, it was shown that it can be produced independent of the host plant. The effect of exogenous gibberellin on S. abrotanoides and endophytic fungi was shown to have a positive effect on increasing the cryptotanshinone production in the plant as well as in endophytic fungi cultivated under axenic conditions. Our findings provide further evidence that endophytic fungi play an important role in the production plant bioactive metabolites. Moreover, they provide an exploitable basis to increase cryptotanshinone production in S. abrotanoides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Ganjeali
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tomislav Cernava
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Henry Müller
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Javad Asili
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gabriele Berg
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
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Supaphon P, Preedanon S. Evaluation of in vitro alpha-glucosidase inhibitory, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of secondary metabolites from the endophytic fungus, Nigrospora sphaerica, isolated from Helianthus annuus. ANN MICROBIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-019-01523-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate alpha-glucosidase inhibition and antimicrobial activity as well as cytotoxic activity of extracts from the endophytic fungus, Nigrospora sp., isolated from leaves of Helianthus annuus, which is widely cultivated for food and used as a medicinal plant.
Methods
The fungus (TSU-CS003) was identified based on internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA sequences and fungal biomass, and fermentation broth was subjected to extraction by solvents (hexane and ethyl acetate). All extracts were tested for their antimicrobial activity, alpha-glucosidase inhibition, and cytotoxicity activity. In addition, the active extract was analyzed by using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
Results
TSU-CS003 was identified as Nigrospora sphaerica. The fermentation broth extract (BE) showed strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (Gram-positive bacteria) with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 16–32 μg/mL and a few yeasts with MIC values ranging from 64 to 128 μg/mL, especially Talaromyces marneffei with an MIC value of 4 μg/mL. The effects of BE were observed by SEM. The results showed that this extract affected the cell morphology of T. marneffei. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of BE from alpha-glucosidase inhibition was recorded as 17.25 μg/mL and also showed significant cytotoxicity against A549 human cancer cell lines with an IC50 value of 22.41 μg/mL. Furthermore, BE was analyzed by using GC-MS and divided into three main compounds, including 5-pentyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, (Z)-methyl 4-(isobutyryloxy)but-3-enoate, and 2-phenylacetic acid.
Conclusion
This was the first report of the endophytic fungus N. sphaerica from H. annuus. It is a potential source of active metabolites, which gave the strong antifungal activity, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity to A549 cancer cell lines.
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Dhakad AK, Ikram M, Sharma S, Khan S, Pandey VV, Singh A. Biological, nutritional, and therapeutic significance of Moringa oleifera Lam. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2870-2903. [PMID: 31453658 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The genus Moringa Adans. comprises 13 species, of which Moringa oleifera Lam. native to India and cultivated across the world owing to its drought and frost resistance habit is widely used in traditional phytomedicine and as rich source of essential nutrients. Wide spectrum of phytochemical ingredients among leaf, flower, fruit, seed, seed oil, bark, and root depend on cultivar, season, and locality. The scientific studies provide insights on the use of M. oleifera with different aqueous, hydroalcoholic, alcoholic, and other organic solvent preparations of different parts for therapeutic activities, that is, antibiocidal, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective, hepato-protective, neuro-protective, tissue-protective, and other biological activities with a high degree of safety. A wide variety of alkaloid and sterol, polyphenols and phenolic acids, fatty acids, flavanoids and flavanol glycosides, glucosinolate and isothiocyanate, terpene, anthocyanins etc. are believed to be responsible for the pragmatic effects. Seeds are used with a view of low-cost biosorbent and coagulant agent for the removal of metals and microbial contamination from waste water. Thus, the present review explores the use of M. oleifera across disciplines for its prominent bioactive ingredients, nutraceutical, therapeutic uses and deals with agricultural, veterinarian, biosorbent, coagulation, biodiesel, and other industrial properties of this "Miracle Tree."
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Dhakad
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Mohsin Ikram
- Forest Entomology Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Salman Khan
- Forest Entomology Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, India
| | - Vijay V Pandey
- Forest Pathology Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, India
| | - Avtar Singh
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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Zhang HM, Ju CX, Li G, Sun Y, Peng Y, Li YX, Peng XP, Lou HX. Dimeric 1,4-benzoquinone Derivatives with Cytotoxic Activities from the Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. L129. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17070383. [PMID: 31248044 PMCID: PMC6669556 DOI: 10.3390/md17070383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new dimeric 1,4-benzoquinone derivatives, peniquinone A (1) and peniquinone B (2), a new dibenzofuran penizofuran A (3), and a new pyrazinoquinazoline derivative quinadoline D (4), together with 13 known compounds (5-17), were isolated from a marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. L129. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism calculations. Compound 1 exhibited cytotoxicity against the MCF-7, U87 and PC3 cell lines with IC50 values of 12.39 µM, 9.01 µM and 14.59 µM, respectively, while compound 2 displayed relatively weak cytotoxicity activities against MCF-7, U87 and PC3 cell lines with IC50 values of 25.32 µM, 13.45 µM and 19.93 µM, respectively. Furthermore, compound 2 showed weak quorum sensing inhibitory activity against Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 with an MIC value of 20 μg/well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Chuan-Xia Ju
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Yong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Yu Peng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Ying-Xia Li
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Peng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Hong-Xiang Lou
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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Bai YB, Gao YQ, Nie XD, Tuong TML, Li D, Gao JM. Antifungal Activity of Griseofulvin Derivatives against Phytopathogenic Fungi in Vitro and in Vivo and Three-Dimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6125-6132. [PMID: 31083998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With environmental pollution, residual hazards accumulate and severe drug resistance and many other problems appear; some highly toxic drugs have been banned, and antifungal agents are far from satisfactory. Natural products play an important role in the discovery and development of new pesticides. The natural product griseofulvin (1) has been known as an antifungal agent in the treatment of dermatomycoses for decades. In this study, a series of new griseofulvin derivatives were synthesized with good yields. Their structures were characterized by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution mass spectrometry (electrospray ionization). The antifungal activities of griseofulvin analogues were first evaluated against five phytopathogenic fungi ( Cytospora sp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria solani, and Fusarium solani) in vitro. Of significance is that most of them showed excellent antifungal activities against C. gloeosporioides. The antifungal activities of the four best compounds (6a, 6c, 6e, and 6f) against C. gloeosporioides were further investigated in vivo using infected apples. The results suggested that compounds 6c, 6e, and 6f [half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 47.25 ± 1.46, 49.44 ± 1.50, and 53.63 ± 1.74 μg/mL, respectively] were better than thiophanate-methyl (IC50 = 69.66 ± 6.07 μg/mL). Furthermore, comparative molecular field analysis was performed on the basis of the antifungal activity results of all 22 of the compounds against C. gloeosporioides in vitro. The three-dimensional coefficient contour plots revealed that the suitable bulky and electronegative acyl-substituted groups seem to be more favorable for increasing activity at the 4' position of griseofulvin. The structure-activity relationships were also discussed. Griseofulvin derivatives can be used for the development of highly effective and safe agricultural fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bin Bai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Yan'an University , Yan'an , Shaanxi 716000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qi Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Di Nie
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Thi-Mai-Luong Tuong
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , People's Republic of China
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Arora DS, Kaur N. Antimicrobial Potential of Fungal Endophytes from Moringa oleifera. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 187:628-648. [PMID: 30039472 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to isolate the endophytic fungi having antimicrobial potential from Moringa oleifera. Out of the active isolates, the endophytic fungal isolate DSE 17 obtained from the bark of the plant was selected for further studies and identified as Aspergillus fumigatus. The classical method for optimization strategy revealed inoculum size of four discs in Czapek dox's medium at a temperature of 25 °C and pH 7 with the incubation period of 6 days to be the best. Sucrose as carbon source (1%) and sodium nitrate as nitrogen source (0.2%) were found to be the best for antimicrobial activity. Response surface methodology was effective in optimizing the selected medium components in Plackett-Burman design, i.e. magnesium sulphate, dipotassium phosphate and sodium nitrate, which resulted in increase in antimicrobial activity by 1.7-fold. Chloroform was found to be the best extractant amongst different solvents. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the chloroformic extract ranged from 0.05 to 0.5 mg/ml, and the viable cell count studies revealed it to be bactericidal in its nature. The post-antibiotic effect (PAE) of the chloroformic extracts ranged from 2 to 20 h. Ames mutagenicity testing and MTT assay revealed the crude extract neither cytotoxic nor mutagenic, thus showing it to be biosafe. Thus, the study suggests that endophytes from this miracle plant could be potential source for the production of broad-spectrum antimicrobial compound/s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daljit Singh Arora
- Microbial Technology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
| | - Navdeep Kaur
- Microbial Technology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
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Cimmino A, Maddau L, Masi M, Linaldeddu BT, Evidente A. Secondary metabolites produced by Sardiniella urbana, a new emerging pathogen on European hackberry. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:1862-1869. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1477154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Cimmino
- Dipartmento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo , Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucia Maddau
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Patologia Vegetale ed Entomologia, Università degli Studi di Sassari , Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Masi
- Dipartmento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo , Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Evidente
- Dipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali, Università di Padova , Legnaro, Italy
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Terhonen E, Kovalchuk A, Zarsav A, Asiegbu FO. Biocontrol Potential of Forest Tree Endophytes. ENDOPHYTES OF FOREST TREES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89833-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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38
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Luo H, Zhou Q, Deng Y, Deng Z, Qing Z, Sun W. Antifungal Activity of the Extract and the Active Substances of Endophytic Nigrospora sp. from the Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plant Stephania kwangsiensis. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701201219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To exploit a new source from medical plants for finding bioactive products, endophytic fungi DBR-5 identified as Nigrospora sp., was isolated from the root tubers of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Stephania kwangsiensis Lo. The antifungal activities of the extract from its fermentation liquids were determined. The ethyl acetate extract of DBR-5 exhibited high and broad antifungal activities against plant pathogenic fungi, and showed high toxicity to Exserohilum turcicum, Bipolaris maydis, Ceratocystis paradoxa, Alternaria oleracea and Cochliobolus miyabeanus with EC50 values respectively at 0.01 mg/mL, 0.02 mg/mL, 0.03 mg/mL, 0.03 mg/mL and 0.04 mg/mL. By a bioassay guided fractionation, three antifungal secondary metabolites were isolated from liquid culture of DBR-5, and identified as griseofulvin, deoxybostrycin and austrocortirubin on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. In vitro antifungal assay showed that griseofulvin displayed significant inhibition against the hypha growth of tested plant pathogenic fungi with EC50 values ranging from 0.0013 mg/mL to 0.0202 mg/mL, and showed the highest toxicity to E. turcicum and C. paradoxa with EC50 values both at 0.0013 mg/mL. Compared with the broad spectrum fungicide carbendazim, except that the toxicity of griseofulvin to Diaporthe citri and Pestalotiopsis theae was lower, the toxicity to the other eight pathogenic fungi was much higher. The inhibitory rates of griseofulvin against spore germination of A. olerace, C. paradoxa and P. theae were 100%, 100% and 94.39% respectively, at a concentration of 0.01 mg/mL. The other two compounds deoxybostrycin and austrocortirubin exhibited only weak antifungal activities. The results indicate the potential of Nigrospora sp. DBR-5 as a source of griseofulvin and also support that griseofulvin is a natural compound with high potential bioactivity against plant pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Luo
- Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Qiuyan Zhou
- Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yecheng Deng
- Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Zhiyong Deng
- Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Zhen Qing
- Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Wenbin Sun
- Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education of China, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
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Eric CA, Benjamín V, Monica C, Mario AC, Francisco DM, Rogelio AR, Navor R, Jose MB. Silver nanoparticles biosynthesized by secondary metabolites from Moringa oleifera stem and their antimicrobial properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5897/ajb2016.15840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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The Fungal Endobiome of Medicinal Plants: A Prospective Source of Bioactive Metabolites. MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS OF THE WORLD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5978-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Zhang SP, Huang R, Li FF, Wei HX, Fang XW, Xie XS, Lin DG, Wu SH, He J. Antiviral anthraquinones and azaphilones produced by an endophytic fungus Nigrospora sp. from Aconitum carmichaeli. Fitoterapia 2016; 112:85-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Sadorn K, Saepua S, Boonyuen N, Laksanacharoen P, Rachtawee P, Prabpai S, Kongsaeree P, Pittayakhajonwut P. Allahabadolactones A and B from the endophytic fungus, Aspergillus allahabadii BCC45335. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dos Santos IP, da Silva LCN, da Silva MV, de Araújo JM, Cavalcanti MDS, Lima VLDM. Antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi from leaves of Indigofera suffruticosa Miller (Fabaceae). Front Microbiol 2015; 6:350. [PMID: 25999918 PMCID: PMC4423342 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy leaves of Indigofera suffruticosa Miller, a medicinal plant found in Brazil which is used in folk medicine to treat various diseases. Among 65 endophytic fungi isolated, 18 fungi showed activity against at least one tested microorganism in preliminary screening, and the best results were obtained with Nigrospora sphaerica (URM-6060) and Pestalotiopsis maculans (URM-6061). After fermentation in liquid media and in semisolid media, only N. sphaerica demonstrated antibacterial activity (in Potato Dextrose Broth-PDB and in semisolid rice culture medium). In the next step, a methanolic extract from rice culture medium (NsME) and an ethyl acetate extract (NsEAE) from the supernatant of PDB were prepared and both exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The best result was observed against Staphylococcus aureus, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 1.56 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL, respectively, for NsME and MIC and MBC values of 0.39 mg/mL and 3.12 mg/mL, respectively, for NsEAE. This study is the first report about the antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi residing in I. suffruticosa leaves, in which the fungus N. sphaerica demonstrated the ability to produce bioactive agents with pharmaceutical potential, and may provide a new lead in the pursuit of new biological sources of drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irailton Prazeres Dos Santos
- Departamento de Micologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil ; Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| | - Janete Magali de Araújo
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Vera Lucia de Menezes Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
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An in planta-expressed polyketide synthase produces (R)-mellein in the wheat pathogen Parastagonospora nodorum. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 81:177-86. [PMID: 25326302 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02745-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parastagonospora nodorum is a pathogen of wheat that affects yields globally. Previous transcriptional analysis identified a partially reducing polyketide synthase (PR-PKS) gene, SNOG_00477 (SN477), in P. nodorum that is highly upregulated during infection of wheat leaves. Disruption of the corresponding SN477 gene resulted in the loss of production of two compounds, which we identified as (R)-mellein and (R)-O-methylmellein. Using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast heterologous expression system, we successfully demonstrated that SN477 is the only enzyme required for the production of (R)-mellein. This is the first identification of a fungal PKS that is responsible for the synthesis of (R)-mellein. The P. nodorum ΔSN477 mutant did not show any significant difference from the wild-type strain in its virulence against wheat. However, (R)-mellein at 200 μg/ml inhibited the germination of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barrel medic (Medicago truncatula) seeds. Comparative sequence analysis identified the presence of mellein synthase (MLNS) homologues in several Dothideomycetes and two sodariomycete genera. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the MLNSs in fungi and bacteria evolved convergently from fungal and bacterial 6-methylsalicylic acid synthases.
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Characterization of secondary metabolites of an endophytic fungus from Curcuma wenyujin. Curr Microbiol 2014; 69:740-4. [PMID: 25002358 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-014-0647-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are ubiquitous in the plant kingdom and they produce a variety of secondary metabolites to protect plant communities and to show some potential for human use. However, secondary metabolites produced by endophytic fungi in the medicinal plant Curcuma wenyujin are sparsely explored and characterized. The aim of this study was to characterize the secondary metabolites of an active endophytic fungus. M7226, the mutant counterpart of endophytic fungus EZG0807 previously isolated from the root of C. wenyujin, was as a target strain. After fermentation, the secondary metabolites were purified using a series of purification methods including thin layer chromatography, column chromatography with silica, ODS-C18, Sephadex LH-20, and macroporous resin, and were analyzed using multiple pieces of data (UV, IR, MS, and NMR). Five compounds were isolated and identified as curcumin, cinnamic acid, 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone, gibberellic acid, and kaempferol. Interestingly, curcumin, one of the main active ingredients of C. wenyujin, was isolated as a secondary metabolite from a fungal endophyte for the first time.
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Isolation and identification of an endophytic fungus Pezicula sp. in Forsythia viridissima and its secondary metabolites. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 30:2639-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-014-1686-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Weiss K, Parzefall C, Herzner G. Multifaceted defense against antagonistic microbes in developing offspring of the parasitoid wasp Ampulex compressa (Hymenoptera, Ampulicidae). PLoS One 2014; 9:e98784. [PMID: 24886721 PMCID: PMC4041758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective antimicrobial strategies are essential adaptations of insects to protect themselves, their offspring, and their foods from microbial pathogens and decomposers. Larvae of the emerald cockroach wasp, Ampulex compressa, sanitize their cockroach hosts, Periplaneta americana, with a cocktail of nine antimicrobials comprising mainly (R)-(-)-mellein and micromolide. The blend of these antimicrobials has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Here we explore the spatio-temporal pattern of deployment of antimicrobials during the development from egg to adult as well as their physico-chemical properties to assess how these aspects may contribute to the success of the antimicrobial strategy. Using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) we show that larvae start sanitizing their food as soon as they have entered their host to feed on its tissue. Subsequently, they impregnate the cockroach carcass with antimicrobials to create a hygienic substrate for cocoon spinning inside the host. Finally, the antimicrobials are incorporated into the cocoon. The antimicrobial profiles on cockroach and wasp cocoon differed markedly. While micromolide persisted on the cockroaches until emergence of the wasps, solid-phase microextraction sampling and GC/MS analysis revealed that (R)-(-)-mellein vaporized from the cockroaches and accumulated in the enclosed nest. In microbial challenge assays (R)-(-)-mellein in the headspace of parasitized cockroaches inhibited growth of entomopathogenic and opportunistic microbes (Serratia marcescens, Aspergillus sydowii, Metarhizium brunneum). We conclude that, in addition to food sanitation, A. compressa larvae enclose themselves in two defensive walls by impregnating the cocoon and the cockroach cuticle with antimicrobials. On top of that, they use vaporous (R)-(-)-mellein to sanitize the nest by fumigation. This multifaceted antimicrobial defense strategy involving the spatially and temporally coordinated deployment of several antimicrobials in solution and vapor form has apparently evolved to reliably protect the larvae themselves and their food against a broad range of antagonistic microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Weiss
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Institute of Zoology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Parzefall
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Institute of Zoology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gudrun Herzner
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Institute of Zoology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Ramos HP, Simão MR, de Souza JM, Magalhães LG, Rodrigues V, Ambrósio SR, Said S. Evaluation of dihydroisocoumarins produced by the endophytic fungusArthriniumstate ofApiospora montagneiagainstSchistosoma mansoni. Nat Prod Res 2013; 27:2240-3. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2013.811659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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