1
|
Huang H, Zhao R, Guo G, He Y, Chen S, Zhu Y, Xiao M, Liu P, Liu J, Fang Y, Zhou Y. Effect of various phosphorus levels on the extraction of Cd, the transformation of P, and phosphorus-related gene during the phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118389. [PMID: 38460661 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Phytoremediation has emerged as a common technique for remediating Cd pollution in farmland soil. Moreover, phosphorus, an essential element for plants, can alter the pectin content of plant cell walls and facilitate the accumulation of Cd in plant tissues, thereby enhancing phytoremediation efficiency. Therefore, pot experiments were conducted in order to investigate the effect of phosphorus levels on Cd extraction, phosphorus transformation and phosphorus-related genes during phytoremediation. The results revealed that an optimal application of suitable phosphate fertilizers elevated the soil's pH and electrical conductivity (EC), facilitated the conversion of soil from insoluble phosphorus into available forms, augmented the release of pertinent enzyme activity, and induced the expression of phosphorus cycling-related genes. These enhancements in soil conditions significantly promoted the growth of ryegrass. When applying phosphorus at a rate of 600 mg/kg, ryegrass exhibited plant height, dry weight, and chlorophyll relative content that were 1.27, 1.26, and 1.18 times higher than those in the control group (P0), while the Cd content was 1.12 times greater than that of P0. The potentially toxic elements decline ratio and bioconcentration factor were 42.86% and 1.17 times higher than those of P0, respectively. Consequently, ryegrass demonstrated the highest Cd removal efficiency under these conditions. Results from redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed a significant correlation among pH, total phosphorus, heavy metal content, phosphorus forms, soil enzyme activity, and phosphorus-related genes. In conclusion, this study suggests applying an optimal amount of suitable phosphate fertilizers can enhance restoration efficiency, leading to a reduction in soil Cd content and ultimately improving the safety of crop production in farmlands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Huang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Rule Zhao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Guanlin Guo
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yinhai He
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Shuofu Chen
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yichun Zhu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Mingjun Xiao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ping Liu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Junwu Liu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Mine Site Pollution Remediation, Changsha 410118, China
| | - Yingchun Fang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Mine Site Pollution Remediation, Changsha 410118, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
You Y, Ju C, Wang L, Wang X, Ma F, Wang G, Wang Y. The mechanism of arbuscular mycorrhizal enhancing cadmium uptake in Phragmites australis depends on the phosphorus concentration. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 440:129800. [PMID: 36027745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a vital strategy to enhance the phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd) pollution. However, the function of AMF was influenced by phosphorus (P) concentration. To reveal the effect of AMF on the Cd accumulation of host plants under different P concentrations and how the AMF and P interact, this study comparatively analyzed the regulatory effects of AMF on the Cd response, extraction, and transportation processes of Phragmites australis (P. australis) under different P levels, and explored its physiological, biochemical and molecular biological mechanisms. The study showed that AMF could induce different growth allocation strategies in response to Cd stress. Moreover, AMF promoted plant Cd tolerance and detoxification by enhancing P uptake, Cd passivation, Cd retention in the cell wall, and functional group modulation. Under P starvation treatments, AMF promoted Cd uptake by inducing Cd to enter the iron pathway, increased the transport coefficient by 493.39%, and retained Cd in stems. However, these effects disappeared following the addition of P. Additionally, AMF up-regulated the expression of ZIP, ZIP, and NRAMP genes to promote cadmium uptake at low, medium, and high phosphorus levels, respectively. Thus, the Cd response mechanism of the AMF-P. australis symbiotic system was P dose-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang You
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Chang Ju
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Gen Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Suzhen H, Xuhui H, Hongkuan C, Qixuan S, Xingzhang L, Zheng Z. Role of phosphorus in Vallisneria natans and biofilm exposure to Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155235. [PMID: 35429560 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) could improve the stress resistance and adaptability of submerged macrophytes. This study investigated the physiological and biochemical responses of plants exposed to different P and Pb, Cd concentrations. Alterations of protein synthesis, the DNA methylation (5-mC) level, and the microbial community of biofilm were also evaluated. Results indicated that lower P (0.5 mg·L-1) could promote plant growth and metal enrichment while mitigating the toxicity of metals. Higher P (5.0 mg·L-1) induced a degree of oxidative stress, as confirmed by increased activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and acid phosphatase, as well as increased malondialdehyde contents. While the variation of metallothionein synthesis and DNA methylation level of the plant was dependent on the level of P and metals in the water. These responses indicated potential mechanisms of P detoxification and intoxication. In addition, more abundant microbial communities were observed in biofilms exposed to P and metals. These findings provide theoretical support for the metal detoxification of P in submerged plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huang Suzhen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Huang Xuhui
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Cheng Hongkuan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Song Qixuan
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Luo Xingzhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu C, Lin H, Dong Y, Li B. Increase of P and Cd bioavailability in the rhizosphere by endophytes promoted phytoremediation efficiency of Phytolacca acinosa. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128546. [PMID: 35278959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The information about the spatial distribution of bioavailable phosphorus (P) and heavy metal (HM) in the rhizosphere could aid in the precise phytoremediation regulation. In this study, a rhizobox system was adapted to study soil-root interactions and used to access the endophyte inoculation variation on bioavailable P and cadmium (Cd) spatial distribution during phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soils. Results showed that endophyte PE31 Bacillus cereus inoculation enhanced Cd uptake of P. acinosa by 52.70% and 46.73% in low and high Cd contaminated soils, increasing the phytoremediation hotspot area from 45.78% and 15.29% to 60.97% and 21.80%, respectively. Available P and Cd significantly diminished because root activities depleted large amounts of bioavailable P and Cd concentrations. However, PE31 increased bioavailable P and Cd concentration in the rhizosphere soil. The bioavailable P enhancement in the rhizosphere was positively correlated to plant growth and Cd accumulation. Overall, endophyte inoculation compensated the diminution of bioavailable P and Cd in the rhizosphere to improve plant biomass and HM absorption, and thus promote phytoremediation efficiency. This study helped to better understand bioavailable P and Cd spatial distribution under endophyte inoculation, which could provide effective management strategies for the precise regulation of phytoremediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenjing Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hai Lin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yingbo Dong
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Bing Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gomes AR, Antão A, Santos AGP, Lacerda TJ, Medeiros MB, Saenz LAI, Alvarenga S, Santos CH, Rigobelo EC, Scotti MR. Rehabilitation of a Riparian Site Contaminated by Tailings from the Fundão Dam, Brazil, Using Different Remediation Strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:2359-2373. [PMID: 33928667 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The tailings spilled by the Fundão Dam rupture in the Doce River basin (Brazil) had a high pH, elevated sodium (Na) and ether amine, and low soil organic matter. With the aim of decreasing the toxic compounds, we established 2 remediation strategies: treatment 1, phytoremediation with tolerant native species of the Atlantic Forest cultivated on scraped sediment plus the incorporation of organic matter; and treatment 2, phytoremediation with native species plus superficial deposition of organic matter. The experimental site was compared with a degraded site that the dam tailings had reached and with a preserved site, a fragment of preserved Atlantic Forest. After 12 mo, plants showed an outstanding growth, especially after treatment 1 (~4 m), and the remediation procedures resulted in significant decreases in pH (from 8.0 to ~ 6.0), Na (from 154 to 22-35 mg/kg), electrical conductivity, and ether amine (from 6.0 to 0.5 mg/kg) in both treatments. By contrast, ammonium, a product of ether amine degradation, showed a significant increase in the experimental site, along with a significant increase in nitrate and improvement of soil microbial populations assessed by phospholipid fatty acid analysis. The treatments also improved soil fertility in the experimental site, as estimated by soil nutrients, cation exchange capacity, and soil aggregation. Based on the parameters analyzed, a principal component analysis showed that samples from the degraded site and the preserved site clustered in an opposite position and those from the experimental site clustered in an intermediate position but closer to the samples from the preserved site. Overall, our results demonstrated that the remediation procedures adopted were effective and resulted in rehabilitation of a riparian forest contaminated with dam tailings that included Na and ether amine. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2359-2373. © 2021 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra R Gomes
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science and Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Arthur Antão
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science and Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda G P Santos
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science and Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tomás J Lacerda
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science and Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mirelli B Medeiros
- Architecture School and Graduate Program in Built Environment and Sustainable Heritage, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luis Alberto I Saenz
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science and Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Stael Alvarenga
- Architecture School and Graduate Program in Built Environment and Sustainable Heritage, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Santos
- Department of Plant Production, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Everlon C Rigobelo
- Department of Plant Production, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Scotti
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science and Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Architecture School and Graduate Program in Built Environment and Sustainable Heritage, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gu P, Zhang Y, Xie H, Wei J, Zhang X, Huang X, Wang J, Lou X. Effect of cornstalk biochar on phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by Beta vulgaris var. cicla L. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111144. [PMID: 32846295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination is the most common and extensive heavy metal pollution in the farmland of China. Phytoremediation is considered as a promising measure for Cd-contaminated soil remediation, but the remediation efficiency still needs to be enhanced. Biochar as an effective amendment medium is widely manufactured and studied for the soil remediation of heavy metals. In this study, a greenhouse pot trial was conducted to investigate the effects of cornstalk biochar on Cd accumulation of Beta vulgaris var. cicla L. (Beta vulgaris) in Cd contaminated soil. The Cd availability, speciation and nutrients in soil, biomass and Cd chemical forms in the Beta vulgaris root were studied to explore the mechanism that how the cornstalk biochar promoted Cd accumulation in Beta vulgaris. Biochar amendment reduced the DTPA-extractable Cd concentration and stimulated the growth of root. Compared to the Beta vulgaris without biochar treatment, the results of 5% biochar amendment showed that the root dry weight of Beta vulgaris increased to 267%, Cd accumulation in Beta vulgaris increased to 206% and the Cd concentration in leaves and roots increased by 36% and 52%, respectively. Additionally, after 5% biochar was applied to soil, the total content of organic matter-bound Cd and residual Cd increased by 38%, while the content of Fe-Mn oxides-bound Cd decreased by 40%. Meanwhile, Cd may mainly bind to the root cell wall and the ratio of NaCl-extracted Cd to HAc-extracted Cd increased to 166% with 5% biochar amendment. According to our study, Cd in soil can be removed by Beta vulgaris and phytoremediation efficiency can be improved with biochar amendment. The combination of phytoremediation and biochar amendment is a promising strategy for the Cd-contaminated soil remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panxue Gu
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yanming Zhang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China; SGIDI Engineering Consulting (Group) Co., Ltd, No.38, ShuiFeng Road, YangPu District, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Huanhuan Xie
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Laboratory for Air Pollution & Environmental Technology, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Empa, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Xinying Zhang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Xun Huang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xinyi Lou
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vuković A, Schulz W, Čamagajevac IŠ, Gaur A, Walther C, Gupta DK. Mycoremediation affects antioxidative status in winter rye plants grown at Chernobyl exclusion zone site in Ukraine. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:25818-25827. [PMID: 32399885 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09137-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil contaminated with heavy metals in general and radionuclides in particular represents an escalating problem for all living organisms. Since, Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident in 1986 in Ukraine, an exclusion zone of 30 km around the former power plant is uninhabitable land due to severe contamination. Two most notable beta emitters contributing to dose hazards for decades is radioactive 137Cs/90Sr. However, large parts of the zone are also highly contaminated with uranium particles (hot particles) bearing trace amounts of highly alpha-emitting radionuclides. We established an experiment at exclusion zone with the aim to investigate the influence of two macro fungi (Schizophyllum commune (S.C.) and Leucoagaricus naucinus (L.N.)) on oxidative status and antioxidative responses in winter rye plants; from this, we wanted to test the radionuclide/heavy metals retention capacity of both fungi, and probe their further potential for mycoremediation.Result shows some differences in the concentrations of radionuclides/heavy metals and micro/macronutrients uptake in plants. As a biomarker of oxidative status, lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels and other antioxidative parameters were determined, i.e., superoxide-dismutase (SOD) isoenzymes, cysteine (CYS), and ascorbic acid (AA) concentrations as well as catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities in winter rye shoots. LPO showed no significant differences between controls and plants cultivated with macro fungi. However, CAT activities were elevated in the presence of S.C/L.N compared with control, while GR activity was significantly higher only in presence of S.C. In contrast, isozyme of SOD (Cu,Zn-SOD) was the most prominent in control. Likewise, CYS content was lower in plants grown with both fungi, while AA concentration was only lower in the presence of L.N. The results showed that presence of fungi in radionuclide contaminated soil caused induction of antioxidative response in shoots of winter rye and that the response depended on the type of fungi used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vuković
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Wolfgang Schulz
- Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ivna Štolfa Čamagajevac
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Apoorva Gaur
- Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Indira Paryavaran Bhavan, Aliganj, Jorbagh Road, New Delhi, 110003, India
| | - Clemens Walther
- Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dharmendra K Gupta
- Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Indira Paryavaran Bhavan, Aliganj, Jorbagh Road, New Delhi, 110003, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhou X, Wang S, Liu Y, Huang G, Yao S, Hu H. Coupling phytoremediation efficiency and detoxification to assess the role of P in the Cu tolerant Ricinus communis L. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125965. [PMID: 32069730 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorous (P) fertilization is an important agronomic practice, but its role in enhancing phytoremediation efficacy and mediating detoxification has rarely been reported in environmental remediation studies. In this study, a pot experiment was undertaken to assess: firstly, the effect of P on phytoextraction of Cu by Ricinus communis L.; secondly, the potential mechanisms by differentiating the effects of the plant from that of P fertilizer (Ca(H2PO4)2); and thirdly, the role of P in physiological detoxification. Results showed that the application of P fertilizer significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased the plant biomass as well as the Cu concentrations in plant tissues. This enhanced the phytoremediation efficiency represented by the total Cu extraction (up to 121.3 μg Cu plant-1). Phosphorous (P) fertilizer led to a negligible decline in soil pH (0.2 units) but significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced the concentrations of soil available in Cu and Fe, due to the formation of insoluble Cu/Fe-phosphate precipitates. Nevertheless, P fertilizer still improved the accumulation and extraction of Cu by R. communis, most likely attributable to the Fe-deficiency induced by applied P fertilizer. Moreover, the application of P fertilizer revealed a significant reduction in MDA, and a profound (p ≤ 0.05) elevation in the amount of photosynthetic pigments, GSH and AsA, along with the enhanced activities of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT). In this way, Cu toxicity was alleviated. P fertilizers not only enhance the phytoremediation efficiency of Cu-contaminated soils by R. communis, but they also facilitate detoxification, which improves our understanding of the role of P in phytoremediation technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiupei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sheliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yonghong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guoyong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shiyuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang J, Chen X, Chi Y, Chu S, Hayat K, Zhi Y, Hayat S, Terziev D, Zhang D, Zhou P. Optimization of NPK fertilization combined with phytoremediation of cadmium contaminated soil by orthogonal experiment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 189:109997. [PMID: 31812023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In the current experiment, influence of NPK composition on the Cd contaminated soil-plant (Solanum nigrum L.) system as well as the phytoremediation efficiency were comprehensively studied. The composition of NPK was optimized for a sustainable phytoremediation and simultaneous agronomic technique in Cd-contaminated soil by orthogonal (L14) experiment, aimed to achieve plant productivity and maximum phytoremediation potential enhancement. Results showed that different treatments of NPK composition enhanced soil properties including saccharase, urease, catalase and acid phosphatase activities as compared to the control treatment, however, soil pH was slightly decreased by 3.64%~6.67% with different composition of NPK treatments. Plant biomass and Cd concentration in the aboveground part (stem and leaves) of S. nigrum were significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced by 14.19%~48.97% and 38.50%~127.15% as compared to control plants with the addition of NPK fertilizers having different composition. Meanwhile, with the application of NPK fertilizer root/shoot Cd ratio and translocation factor (TF) was significantly decreased, however, bioconcentration factor (BCF) was increased as compared to control. Additionally, different composition of NPK fertilizers significantly increased photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids) and soluble protein in comparison to control. The activities of antioxidant enzymes in S. nigrum including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) were increased, while malonaldehyde (MDA) and proline contents were decreased. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that N3P2K2 treatment had the highest comprehensive score amongst other studied treatments of NPK composition, owing to its optimal composition for the investigated soil-S. nigrum system. Moreover, it was found that optimal composition (N3P2K2) of fertilizer resulted in increase of the plant resistance to Cd and the efficiency of phytoextraction. Therefore, it is suggested to all the small-holder famers and scientific community that precise composition of NPK fertilizer should be utilized according to soil properties, environmental conditions and plant requirements under Cd-stress condition in order to achieve maximum biomass, Cd uptake efficiency as well phytoremediation potential in moderately Cd contaminated soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juncai Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Xunfeng Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yaowei Chi
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shaohua Chu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kashif Hayat
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuee Zhi
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Sikandar Hayat
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Dimitar Terziev
- Department of Natural Resource Economics, University of National and World Economy (UNWE), 1700, Sofia, Student Town, Bulgaria
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Pei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang G, Rizwan MS, Ren C, Guo G, Fu Q, Zhu J, Hu H. Influence of phosphorous fertilization on copper phytoextraction and antioxidant defenses in castor bean (Ricinus communis L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:115-123. [PMID: 27882491 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Application of fertilizers to supply appropriate nutrients has become an essential agricultural strategy for enhancing the efficiency of phytoremediation in heavy metal contaminated soils. The present study was conducted to investigate the beneficial effects of three types of phosphate fertilizers (i.e., oxalic acid-activated phosphate rock (APR), Ca(H2PO4)2, and NaH2PO4) in the range of 0-600 mg P kg-1 soil, on castor bean growth, antioxidants [antioxidative enzymes and glutathione (GSH)], and Cu uptake. Results showed that with the addition of phosphorus fertilizers, the dry weight of castor bean and the Cu concentration in roots increased significantly, resulting in increased Cu extraction. The phosphorus concentration in both shoots and roots was increased as compared with the control, and the Ca(H2PO4)2 treatment had the greatest effect. Application of APR, NaH2PO4, and Ca(H2PO4)2 reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and the activity of the two antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismustase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) in the leaves of castor bean. GSH concentration in leaves increased with the increasing levels of phosphorus applied to soil as well as the accumulation of phosphorus in shoots, compared to the control. These results demonstrated that the addition of phosphorus fertilizers can enhance the resistance of castor bean to Cu and increase the Cu extraction efficiency of the plant from contaminated soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Shahid Rizwan
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub Campus, Layyah, 31200, Pakistan
| | - Chao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guangguang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qingling Fu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang Z, Ren J, Wang M, Song X, Zhang C, Chen J, Li F, Guo G. Competitive immobilization of Pb in an aqueous ternary-metals system by soluble phosphates with varying pH. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 159:58-65. [PMID: 27276163 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemical immobilization by phosphates has been widely and successfully applied to treat Pb in wastewater and contaminated soils. Pb in wastewaters and soils, however, always coexists with other heavy metals and their competitive reactions with phosphates have not been quantitatively and systematically studied. In this approach, immobilization of Pb, Zn, and Cd by mono-, di-, and tripotassium phosphate (KH2PO4, K2HPO4, and K3PO4) was observed in the single- and ternary-metals solutions. The immobilization rates of the three metals were determined by the residual concentration. The mineral composition and structure of the precipitates were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that competitive reaction occurred in Pb-Zn-Cd ternary system, with immobilization rates decrease of <3.6%, <78%, and <89% for Pb, Zn and Cd (molar ratios of P: metal <1), respectively, compared to single metal system. The reaction of Pb with three phosphates exhibited intense competitiveness and the phosphates had a stronger affinity for Pb when Cl(-) was added. Pb-phosphate minerals formed by KH2PO4 with the better crystalline characteristics and largest size were very stable with a low dissolution rate (<0.02%) in the solution of pH 2.88, compared to K2HPO4 and K3PO4. This study demonstrated that Pb could be firstly and effectively immobilized by phosphates in multi-metal solutions containing Pb, Zn and Cd. Moreover, the research provided the insight of the importance of phosphate with low pH (e.g. KH2PO4) and the presence of Cl(-) for more efficient immobilization of Pb in the multi-metals pollution system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xinlai Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Fasheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Guanlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gupta DK, Chatterjee S, Datta S, Veer V, Walther C. Role of phosphate fertilizers in heavy metal uptake and detoxification of toxic metals. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 108:134-144. [PMID: 24560283 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As a nonrenewable resource, phosphorus (P) is the second most important macronutrient for plant growth and nutrition. Demand of phosphorus application in the agricultural production is increasing fast throughout the globe. The bioavailability of phosphorus is distinctively low due to its slow diffusion and high fixation in soils which make phosphorus a key limiting factor for crop production. Applications of phosphorus-based fertilizers improve the soil fertility and agriculture yield but at the same time concerns over a number of factors that lead to environmental damage need to be addressed properly. Phosphate rock mining leads to reallocation and exposure of several heavy metals and radionuclides in crop fields and water bodies throughout the world. Proper management of phosphorus along with its fertilizers is required that may help the maximum utilization by plants and minimum run-off and wastage. Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria along with the root rhizosphere of plant integrated with root morphological and physiological adaptive strategies need to be explored further for utilization of this extremely valuable nonrenewable resource judiciously. The main objective of this review is to assess the role of phosphorus in fertilizers, their uptake along with other elements and signaling during P starvation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D K Gupta
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Gebäude 4113, D-30419 Hannover, Germany.
| | - S Chatterjee
- Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Post Bag 2, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India
| | - S Datta
- Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Post Bag 2, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India
| | - V Veer
- Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Post Bag 2, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India
| | - C Walther
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Gebäude 4113, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
|