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Wei T, Ban Z, Ke X, Chen A, Guan X, Gan H, Pan J, Li Z, Wei C, Qiu G, Wu H, Wei C. A combined process model for wastewater treatment based on hydraulic retention time and toxicity inhibition. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138660. [PMID: 37044138 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydraulic retention time (HRT), as an important parameter in the wastewater treatment process, has a great impact on water quality and energy consumption. With the rapid advances in computer technology and deepened understanding of in microbial metabolism, a series of activated sludge models (ASMs) have been developed and applied in wastewater treatment. However, ASMs simulation based on the nexus of HRT, water treatment process, water quality and energy consumption has yet to be verified. In this study, HRT was creatively linked to water treatment process variation. And a novel combined process model (CPM) was developed based on the operational data and treatment performance data from 4 full-scale coking wastewater treatment processes. In the CPM, an array of biological treatment processes were represented by setting the HRT in respective treatment units of the anaerobic-oxic-hydrolytic & denitrification-oxic (A/O/H/O) process. The relationships between HRT, effluent quality and energy consumption were systematically analyzed. Results showed that: (i) for A/O/H/O process, the HRT of first oxic (O1) reactor has a key effect on the effluent water quality and energy consumption, while the impact of the anaerobic (A) reactor HRT was limited; (ii) the O/H/O process has a clear advantage in treating coking wastewater due to the carbon removal and detoxification function of O1 reactor; (iii) the lowest energy consumption (with the total system HRT below 210 h) to meet the biological effluent quality requirements (COD = 200 mg/L, TN = 50 mg/L) is 4.429 kWh/m3. Since the CPM could effectively work out the optimal process configuration and break the boundaries between HRT and process variation, it has enormous potential to be extended to the design of other wastewater treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zixin Ban
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiong Ke
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Acong Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xianghong Guan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Haibo Gan
- China State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Jiamin Pan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zemin Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Cong Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Guanglei Qiu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Haizhen Wu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Chaohai Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China.
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Zang L, Wan Y, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Gao Y, He Y, Hu J, Kang Y, Cao D, Yang M. Characterization of non-volatile organic contaminants in coking wastewater using non-target screening: Dominance of nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen-containing compounds in biological effluents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155768. [PMID: 35533869 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
While abundant volatile compounds (VOCs) have been identified in coking wastewater, the structures and occurrence of non-volatile organic compounds (non-VOCs) have remained unknown. In this study, 3966 non-VOCs belonging to 24 groups were tentatively identified for the first time in wastewater from four biological coking wastewater treatment systems in northern China using a non-target screening technique. A total of 227 compounds with CHNO, CHO, CHOS, and CHNOS elemental compositions were assigned with level 2 identification confidence, and 19 of them were confirmed with authentic standards, with 9-methyl-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde (1706.3-2032.7 μg/L) and 3-Indolyl acetic acid monomethyl terephthalate (773.7-1449.9 μg/L) as the top two compounds in the influents, and 9-methyl-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde (31.8-130.1 μg/L) and monomethyl terephthalate (13.9-196.6 μg/L) as the top two in the effluents. The four groups of substances accounted for 93.4% and 71.5% of the total responses of tentatively identified compounds in the influents and biological effluents, respectively, and were estimated to contribute 32.3-48.9% of the chemical oxygen demand in the biological effluents. In comparison with those in the influent, abundant S-containing compounds (CHOS and CHNOS, 35.2% of the total responses) were observed in the biological effluents, suggesting their highly bio-refractory characteristics. The advanced treatment process using synchronized oxidation-adsorption could almost completely remove the CHOS and CHNOS compounds from the biological effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Zang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yingxin Gao
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yupeng He
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jianying Hu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuehui Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Dong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Min Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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3
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Liu K, Zhang Y, Xu W. Bioaugmentation of quinoline-degrading bacteria for coking wastewater treatment: performance and microbial community analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2022; 57:601-619. [PMID: 35799368 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2022.2095177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ochrobactrum sp. XKL1, previously found to have the ability to efficiently degrade quinoline, was bioaugmented into a lab-scale A/O/O system to treat real coking wastewater. During the bioaugmentation stage, the removal of quinoline and pyridine of the O1 tank could be enhanced by 9.88% and 7.96%, respectively. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that the addition of XKL1 could significantly affect the alteration of microbial community structure in the sludge. In addition, the relative abundance of Ochrobactrum has demonstrated a trend of increasing first followed by decreasing with the highest abundance of 7.87% attained on the 94th day. The bioaugmentation effects lasted for about 14 days after the strains was inoculated into the reactor. Although a decrease in the relative abundance of XKL1 was observed for a rather short period of time, the bioaugmented A/O/O system has been proven to be more effective in the removal of organic pollutants than the control. Hence, the results of this study indicated that the bioaugmentation with XKL1 is a feasible operational strategy that would be able to enhance the removal of NHCs in the treatment of coking wastewater with complex composition and high organic concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiu Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Weichao Xu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, P.R. China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
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de Morais E Silva L, Alves VM, Dantas ERB, Scotti L, Lopes WS, Muratov EN, Scotti MT. Chemical safety assessment of transformation products of landfill leachate formed during the Fenton process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126438. [PMID: 34182425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic chemicals identified in raw landfill leachate (LL) and their transformation products (TPs), formed during Fenton treatment, were analyzed for chemical safety following REACH guidelines. The raw LL was located in the metropolitan region of Campina Grande, in northeast Brazil. We elucidated 197 unique chemical structures, including 154 compounds that were present in raw LL and 82 compounds that were detected in the treated LL, totaling 39 persistent compounds and 43 TPs. In silico models were developed to identify and prioritize the potential level of hazard/risk these compounds pose to the environment and society. The models revealed that the Fenton process improved the biodegradability of TPs. Still, a slight increase in ecotoxicological effects was observed among the compounds in treated LL compared with those present in raw LL. No differences were observed for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and antioxidant response element (ARE) mutagenicity. Similar behavior among both raw and treated LL samples was observed for biodegradability; Tetrahymena pyriformis, Daphnia magna, Pimephales promelas and ARE, AhR, and Ames mutagenicity. Overall, our results suggest that raw and treated LL samples have similar activity profiles for all endpoints other than biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana de Morais E Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Science and Environmental Technology, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, State University of Paraíba, 58429-500 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Vinicius M Alves
- Laboratory for Molecular Modeling, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Edilma R B Dantas
- Post-Graduate Program in Science and Environmental Technology, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, State University of Paraíba, 58429-500 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; Teaching and Research Management - University Hospital, Federal University of Paraíba-Campus I, 58051-970 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Wilton Silva Lopes
- Post-Graduate Program in Science and Environmental Technology, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, State University of Paraíba, 58429-500 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Eugene N Muratov
- Laboratory for Molecular Modeling, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
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Treviño-Reséndez J, Nacheva PM. Removal of naphthalene and phenanthrene in synthetic solutions by electro-oxidation coupled with membrane bioreactor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:48543-48555. [PMID: 33909250 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13787-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Naphthalene (NAPH) and phenanthrene (PHEN) are two of the most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) found in nature, and they are considered in the list of US EPA priority pollutants. The contribution of this research lies in the comprehensive analysis of a strategy for the coupling of electro-oxidation (EO) and biodegradation in a submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) with the objective to remove PAHs, using NAPH and PHEN as model compounds. The electrochemical degradation of NAPH and PHEN in aqueous synthetic solution has been carried out using two different anodes: Ti/IrO2 and Ti/SnO2. The effects of EO operating parameters (current density, reaction time, and pH) on the NAPH and PHEN removals were investigated applying 23 factorial design with both electrodes. Additionally, the EO effluents were analyzed for COD, NH4-N, and biodegradability (respirometry tests). The highest removals of both compounds were reached with Ti/IrO2 anode, at acidic conditions (pH of 2), current density of 50 mA cm-2, and electrolysis time of 60 min. However, the Ti/SnO2 anode allowed greater reduction of the biomass inhibition, which means that the enhancement of the EO effluent biodegradability was reached; therefore, this electrode was selected for the coupled EO-SMBR system, applying the operating conditions that improved the biodegradability of the effluent. The EO process allowed NAPH and PHEN removal efficiencies of 96 ± 5% and 94 ± 3%, respectively. The membrane bioreactor was operated with organic load of 0.6 ± 0.1 gCOD gVSS-1 d-1, hydraulic retention time of 6 h, and solid retention time of 30 d, obtaining average COD, NH4-N, NAPH, and PHEN removals of 98±0.5%, 91±6.4%, 99.1±0.96%, and 99.7±0.4% respectively. The sorption of phenanthrene onto the biomass had a low contribution, 0.9±0.2%, concluding that biodegradation was the main removal mechanism in the bioreactor. The coupled system EO-SMBR allowed high NAPH and PHEN removal efficiencies of 99.99±0.01 and 99.99±0.02%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Treviño-Reséndez
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, Campus IMTA, Blvd. Paseo Cuauhnáhuac 8532, Col. Progreso, C.P.62550, Morelos, México
| | - Petia Mijaylova Nacheva
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Blvd. Paseo Cuauhnáhuac 8532, Col. Progreso, C.P. 62550, Morelos, México.
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Gaurav GK, Mehmood T, Kumar M, Cheng L, Sathishkumar K, Kumar A, Yadav D. Review on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) migration from wastewater. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2021; 236:103715. [PMID: 33199037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2020.103715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly increasing global population and increased civilization has increased burden on potable water resources and results in larger volumes of wastewater. Physical wastewater management techniques has advanced for domestic usage and commercial effluent new conceptions about imminent wastewater treatment have been acclaimed for highly carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds. The present review study emphasis on the assessment of several accessible PAHs treatment methods used in wastewater management. The elementary principles, contextual remediation mechanisms and recent development in PAHs removal practices have also been precisely explained. The comprehensive information regarding sources, dispersal, classification, physicochemical properties, PAHs toxicity for humans and aquatics life, conventional treatment procedures, and advanced oxidation processes specified can assist us to identify the PAHs problem and their intensity. The performance evaluation of different removal techniques are discussed in details and found that highest PAHs' reduction for 5-or 6-ring (99%,) while 3-ring (79% reduction) with oxidant dose of 1.64 mL/L using titanium catalyst. In case of MWTPs, with secondary techniques, the average removal efficiency found in the range of 81.1-92.9% while for AOPs are 32-99.3%. Here, overall yield through AOPs most suitable if process used with some catalyst enhanced the yield as well and suitable for high ring as well as low ring PAHs. Among various processes, advanced oxidation and catalytic oxidation processes are the most valuable and promising techniques for PAHs removal. Based on the given evidences, the AOPs coupled with catalysts have been decided as the most competent design for wastewater PAHs treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendra Kumar Gaurav
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes and College of Civil, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Tariq Mehmood
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes and College of Civil, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Liu Cheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes and College of Civil, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Kuppusamy Sathishkumar
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of shallow lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Deepak Yadav
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Harcourt Butler Technical University (Formerly HBTI), Kanpur, India.
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Chen J, Liao J, Wei C. Coking wastewater treatment plant as a sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments and ecological risk assessment. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7833. [PMID: 32398695 PMCID: PMC7217903 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatial and temporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was investigated in sediments of Maba River, a major tributary of Beijiang River (South China). A total of 13 samples from Maba River and its tributary, Meihua River, were analyzed for 16 PAHs. The total concentration of 16 PAHs (ΣPAH) in high and low water period ranged between 47.61 to 25480.98 ng g-1, with a mean concentration of 4382.98 ng g-1, and 60.30 to 15956.62 ng g-1 with a mean concentration of 3664.32 ng g-1, respectively. Three-ring and four-ring PAHs were the dominant species. It was concluded that a pattern of pyrolytic input as a major source of PAHs in sediments through the molecular ratio method for the source identification, such as HMW/LMW PAHs, Flu/(Flu+Pyr), IcdP/(IcdP+BghiP) and BaA/(BaA+Chr). It is suggested that the pollution emission from the iron and steel plant might be the most important sources of PAHs into Maba River water system. The threat of PAHs contamination to biota of the river was assessed using effect range low (ERL) and effect range median (ERM) values, which suggested that PAHs in Maba River and its tributary had already caused ecological risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundong Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Liao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Chaohai Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
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Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by nanofiltration membranes: Rejection and fouling mechanisms. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Sun S, Wang Y, Zang T, Wei J, Wu H, Wei C, Qiu G, Li F. A biosurfactant-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa S5 isolated from coking wastewater and its application for bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 281:421-428. [PMID: 30849698 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Although polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered as toxic and refractory pollutants, their biodegradation can be facilitated by biosurfactants. However, few studies have been performed to understand the potential isolation and application of biosurfactant-producing microorganism for promoting the in-situ removal of PAHs from wastewaters. In this work, a biosurfactant-producing strain S5 isolated from coking wastewater was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The biosurfactant produced by strain S5 was determined as glycolipid with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 96.5 mg/L, and reduced the surface tension from 72.2 to 29.6 mN/m. Addition indigenous P. aeruginosa S5 to coking wastewater effectively promoted the biodegradation of high weight molecular (HWM) PAHs (reduction from 9141.02 to 5117.16 µg/L in 15 days) in sludge phase. The results showed that the removal of PAHs in the sludge was enhanced by inoculating indigenous biosurfactant-producing microorganism in coking wastewater serving as an in-site remediation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengli Sun
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuxiao Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Tingting Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 51006, PR China
| | - Jingyue Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Haizhen Wu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Chaohai Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 51006, PR China
| | - Guanglei Qiu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Fusheng Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Gao L, Goldfarb JL. Heterogeneous biochars from agriculture residues and coal fly ash for the removal of heavy metals from coking wastewater. RSC Adv 2019; 9:16018-16027. [PMID: 35521413 PMCID: PMC9064278 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02459j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
While we have started down the path towards a global transition to a green economy, as with most things we began with the "low-hanging fruit," such that increasingly difficult material and chemical conversions remain. Coking is one such example; it is unlikely that steel production will transition away from using coking coal anytime in the near future, such that coking wastewater remains a global environmental challenge. However, we can develop greener methods and materials to treat such waste. The present work demonstrates how wheat straw, an abundant agricultural residue, can be co-pyrolyzed and co-activated with coal fly ash to produce a high surface area biochar. Coal fly ash has previously been shown to promote devolatilization and deoxygenation of pyrolyzed biofuels. This work shows how coal fly ash increases microporosity as well as aromaticity of the surface functional groups, while decreasing carbonyl but preserving or only slightly decreasing ketones and carboxylic acids. CO2-activation of 5 and 10 wt% fly ash with wheat straw blends yields heterogeneous biochars with adsorption capacities upwards of 170 mgmetal gchar -1, with 5 wt% blends showing higher capacity and adsorption uptake rates than the 0 or 10 wt% blends. The adsorption of the four heavy metals ions (Ni2+, Co2+, Zn2+, and Mn2+) was chemical in nature, with cobalt preferentially adsorbing to the char surface. The overall adsorption rate is limited by an initial rapid uptake to fill available surface adsorption sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116 People's Republic of China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University 110 Cummington Mall Boston MA 02215 USA
- The Leone Family Department of Energy & Mineral Engineering, The EMS Energy Institute, The Institutes of Energy and the Environment, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Jillian L Goldfarb
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University 110 Cummington Mall Boston MA 02215 USA
- The Leone Family Department of Energy & Mineral Engineering, The EMS Energy Institute, The Institutes of Energy and the Environment, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA 16802 USA
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University 226 Riley-Robb Hall Ithaca NY 14853 USA
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Benincá C, Charao Boni E, Gonçalves FF, Primel EG, Freire FB, Zanoelo EF. Photo-fenton and UV photo degradation of naphthalene with zero- and two-valent iron in the presence of persulfate. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2018.1469015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Benincá
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Santo Antônio da Patrulha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Charao Boni
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Santo Antônio da Patrulha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabio Ferreira Gonçalves
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Santo Antônio da Patrulha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ednei Gilberto Primel
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Santo Antônio da Patrulha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Flavio Bentes Freire
- Academic Center of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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12
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Ncube S, Madikizela L, Cukrowska E, Chimuka L. Recent advances in the adsorbents for isolation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from environmental sample solutions. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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13
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Qu Y, Ma Q, Liu Z, Wang W, Tang H, Zhou J, Xu P. Unveiling the biotransformation mechanism of indole in a Cupriavidus sp. strain. Mol Microbiol 2017; 106:905-918. [PMID: 28963777 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Indole, an important signaling molecule as well as a typical N-heterocyclic aromatic pollutant, is widespread in nature. However, the biotransformation mechanisms of indole are still poorly studied. Here, we sought to unlock the genetic determinants of indole biotransformation in strain Cupriavidus sp. SHE based on genomics, proteomics and functional studies. A total of 177 proteins were notably altered (118 up- and 59 downregulated) in cells grown in indole mineral salt medium when compared with that in sodium citrate medium. RT-qPCR and gene knockout assays demonstrated that an indole oxygenase gene cluster was responsible for the indole upstream metabolism. A functional indole oxygenase, termed IndA, was identified in the cluster, and its catalytic efficiency was higher than those of previously reported indole oxidation enzymes. Furthermore, the indole downstream metabolism was found to proceed via the atypical CoA-thioester pathway rather than conventional gentisate and salicylate pathways. This unusual pathway was catalyzed by a conserved 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA gene cluster, among which the 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA ligase initiated anthranilate transformation. This study unveils the genetic determinants of indole biotransformation and will provide new insights into our understanding of indole biodegradation in natural environments and its functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiti Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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14
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Joshi DR, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Liu Y, Yang M. Biotransformation of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing pollutants during coking wastewater treatment: Correspondence of performance to microbial community functional structure. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 121:338-348. [PMID: 28570873 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although coking wastewater is generally considered to contain high concentration of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing pollutants, the biotransformation processes of these compounds have not been well understood. Herein, a high throughput functional gene array (GeoChip 5.0) in combination with Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene were used to identify microbial functional traits and their role in biotransformation of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds in a bench-scale aerobic coking wastewater treatment system operated for 488 days. Biotransformation of nitrogen and sulfur-containing pollutants deteriorated when pH of the bioreactor was increased to >8.0, and the microbial community functional structure was significantly associated with pH (Mantels test, P < 0.05). The release of ammonia nitrogen and sulfate was correlated with both the taxonomic and functional microbial community structure (P < 0.05). Considering the abundance and correlation with the release of ammonia nitrogen and sulfate, aromatic dioxygenases (e.g. xylXY, nagG), nitrilases (e.g. nhh, nitrilase), dibenzothiophene oxidase (DbtAc), and thiocyanate hydrolase (scnABC) were important functional genes for biotransformation of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing pollutants. Functional characterization of taxa and network analysis suggested that Burkholderiales, Actinomycetales, Rhizobiales, Pseudomonadales, and Hydrogenophiliales (Thiobacillus) were key functional taxa. Variance partitioning analysis showed that pH and influent ammonia nitrogen jointly explained 25.9% and 35.5% of variation in organic pollutant degrading genes and microbial community structure, respectively. This study revealed a linkage between microbial community functional structure and the likely biotransformation of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing pollutants, along with a suitable range of pH (7.0-7.5) for stability of the biological system treating coking wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dev Raj Joshi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yinxin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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15
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Zhou X, Zhang Z, Li Y. Four-stage biofilm anaerobic–anoxic–oxic–oxic system for strengthening the biological treatment of coking wastewater: COD removal behaviors and biokinetic modeling. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra00277g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biokinetic models of high-strength coking wastewater with a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) was efficiently treated by a novel pilot-scale four-stage biofilm anaerobic–anoxic–oxic–oxic (FB-A2/O2) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment
| | - Zeqian Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- P. R. China
| | - Yaxin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- P. R. China
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16
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On the fouling mechanism of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane in the treatment of coal gasification wastewater. Front Chem Sci Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-016-1600-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Zhang L, Bai YS, Wang JZ, Peng SC, Chen TH, Yin DQ. Identification and determination of the contribution of iron-steel manufacturing industry to sediment-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a large shallow lake of eastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:22037-22046. [PMID: 27541150 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7328-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Seventeen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds were determined in surface sediments collected from the Chaohu Lake (a large shallow lake in eastern China) and its tributaries. Both diagnostic ratios and a receptor model (positive matrix factorization, PMF) were applied to identify and determine the contribution of a local iron-steel manufacturing plant located in the Nanfei River (NFR) to the Chaohu Lake basin. The results show that sites located in the downstream of the steel plant contained concentrations of 17 PAH (Σ17PAH) approximately two orders of magnitudes higher than those from other sites. Five factors were identified by the PMF model, including industrial waste, wood/biomass burning, diagenetic origin, domestic coal combustion, and industrial combustion. Our findings suggest that sediments in the downstream of the plant and in the western part of the Chaohu Lake were predominantly affected by industrial coal combustion. A mixture of pyrolytic origins impacted urban sediments in the upstream of the plant, whereas diagenetic origins along with coal and biomass burning were suggested to influence the eastern part and rural tributaries of the lake. To assess the potential ecological risk and toxicity caused by the iron-steel plant, sediment toxicity was evaluated by the PMF model, sediment quality guideline, and toxic equivalent factors. All of the three approaches suggested PAH accumulation in the NFR sediments could produce significant adverse ecological effects and half of the sediment toxicity in the NFR may be attributed to the emissions from the iron-steel plant. Some rural locations also exhibited PAH concentrations above probable effects, most likely contributed by wood/biomass burning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Anhui Academy of Environmental Science Research, Hefei, 230071, China
| | - Ya-Shu Bai
- State Oceanic Administration People's Republic of China, Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen, Fujian, 361008, China
| | - Ji-Zhong Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Shu-Chuan Peng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Tian-Hu Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Da-Qiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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18
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Dehua M, Cong L, Xiaobiao Z, Rui L, Lujun C. Acute toxicity and chemical evaluation of coking wastewater under biological and advanced physicochemical treatment processes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:18343-18352. [PMID: 27278071 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6882-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the changes of toxic compounds in coking wastewater with biological treatment (anaerobic reactor, anoxic reactor and aerobic-membrane bioreactor, A1/A2/O-MBR) and advanced physicochemical treatment (Fenton oxidation and activated carbon adsorption) stages. As the biological treatment stages preceding, the inhibition effect of coking wastewater on the luminescence of Vibrio qinghaiensis sp. Nov. Q67 decreased. Toxic units (TU) of coking wastewater were removed by A1/A2/O-MBR treatment process, however approximately 30 % TU remained in the biologically treated effluent. There is a tendency that fewer and fewer residual organic compounds could exert equal acute toxicity during the biological treatment stages. Activated carbon adsorption further removed toxic pollutants of biologically treated effluent but the Fenton effluent increased acute toxicity. The composition of coking wastewater during the treatment was evaluated using the three-dimensional fluorescence spectra, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The organic compounds with high polarity were the main cause of acute toxicity in the coking wastewater. Aromatic protein-like matters in the coking wastewater with low biodegradability and high toxicity contributed mostly to the remaining acute toxicity of the biologically treated effluents. Chlorine generated from the oxidation process was responsible for the acute toxicity increase after Fenton oxidation. Therefore, the incorporation of appropriate advanced physicochemical treatment process, e.g., activated carbon adsorption, should be implemented following biological treatment processes to meet the stricter discharge standards and be safer to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Dehua
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Liu Cong
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhu Xiaobiao
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Liu Rui
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314050, China
| | - Chen Lujun
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314050, China.
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19
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Zhuang H, Han H, Shan S. Treatment of real coal gasification wastewater using a novel integrated system of anoxic hybrid two stage aerobic processes: performance and the role of pure oxygen microbubble. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:11916-11926. [PMID: 26961523 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel integrated system of anoxic-pure oxygen microbubble-activated sludge reactor-moving bed biofilm reactor was employed in treatment of real coal gasification wastewater. The results showed the integrated system had efficient performance of pollutants removal in short hydraulic retention time. While pure oxygen microbubble with the flow rate of 1.5 L/h and NaHCO3 dosage ratio of 2:1 (amount NaHCO3 to NH4 (+)-N ratio, mol: mol) were used, the removal efficiencies of COD, total phenols (TPh) and NH4 (+)-N reached 90, 95, and 95 %, respectively, with the influent loading rates of 3.4 kg COD/(m(3) d), 0.81 kg TPh/(m(3) d), and 0.28 kg NH4 (+)-N/(m(3) d). With the recycle ratio of 300 %, the concentrations of NO2 (-)-N and NO3 (-)-N in effluent decreased to 12 and 59 mg/L, respectively. Meanwhile, pure oxygen microbubble significantly improved the enzymatic activities and affected the effluent organic compositions and reduced the foam expansion. Thus, the novel integrated system with efficient, stable, and economical advantages was suitable for engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Zhuang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
| | - Hongjun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Shengdao Shan
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
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20
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Performance and microbial community composition in a long-term sequential anaerobic-aerobic bioreactor operation treating coking wastewater. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:8191-202. [PMID: 27221291 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The combined anaerobic-aerobic biosystem is assumed to consume less energy for the treatment of high strength industrial wastewater. In this study, pollutant removal performance and microbial diversity were assessed in a long-term (over 300 days) bench-scale sequential anaerobic-aerobic bioreactor treating coking wastewater. Anaerobic treatment removed one third of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and more than half of the phenols with hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 42 h, while the combined system with total HRT of 114 h removed 81.8, 85.6, 99.9, 98.2, and 85.4 % of COD, total organic carbon (TOC), total phenols, thiocyanate, and cyanide, respectively. Two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry showed complete removal of phenol derivatives and nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds (NHCs) via the combined system, with the anaerobic process alone contributing 58.4 and 58.6 % removal on average, respectively. Microbial activity in the bioreactors was examined by 454 pyrosequencing of the bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities. Proteobacteria (61.2-93.4 %), particularly Betaproteobacteria (34.4-70.1 %), was the dominant bacterial group. Ottowia (14.1-46.7 %), Soehngenia (3.0-8.2 %), and Corynebacterium (0.9-12.0 %), which are comprised of phenol-degrading and hydrolytic bacteria, were the most abundant genera in the anaerobic sludge, whereas Thiobacillus (6.6-43.6 %), Diaphorobacter (5.1-13.0 %), and Comamonas (0.2-11.1 %) were the major degraders of phenol, thiocyanate, and NHCs in the aerobic sludge. Despite the low density of fungi, phenol degrading oleaginous yeast Trichosporon was abundant in the aerobic sludge. This study demonstrated the feasibility and optimization of less energy intensive treatment and the potential association between abundant bacterial groups and biodegradation of key pollutants in coking wastewater.
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21
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Removal of naphthalene and phenanthrene using aerobic membrane bioreactor. Biodegradation 2016; 27:83-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-016-9757-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Zhuang H, Hong X, Shan S, Yuan X. Recycling rice straw derived, activated carbon supported, nanoscaled Fe3O4 as a highly efficient catalyst for Fenton oxidation of real coal gasification wastewater. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20952a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recycled rice straw was converted into an activated carbon support for nanoscaled Fe3O4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Xiaoting Hong
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Shengdao Shan
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Xiaoli Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
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23
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Improvement of biodegradability for coking wastewater by selective adsorption of hydrophobic organic pollutants. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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24
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Aerobic biotransformation of 3-methylindole to ring cleavage products by Cupriavidus sp. strain KK10. Biodegradation 2015; 26:359-73. [PMID: 26126873 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-015-9739-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
3-Methylindole, also referred to as skatole, is a pollutant of environmental concern due to its persistence, mobility and potential health impacts. Petroleum refining, intensive livestock production and application of biosolids to agricultural lands result in releases of 3-methylindole to the environment. Even so, little is known about the aerobic biodegradation of 3-methylindole and comprehensive biotransformation pathways have not been established. Using glycerol as feedstock, the soil bacterium Cupriavidus sp. strain KK10 biodegraded 100 mg/L of 3-methylindole in 24 h. Cometabolic 3-methylindole biodegradation was confirmed by the identification of biotransformation products through liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry analyses. In all, 14 3-methylindole biotransformation products were identified which revealed that biotransformation occurred through different pathways that included carbocyclic aromatic ring-fission of 3-methylindole to single-ring pyrrole carboxylic acids. This work provides first comprehensive evidence for the aerobic biotransformation mechanisms of 3-methylindole by a soil bacterium and expands our understanding of the biodegradative capabilities of members of the genus Cupriavidus towards heteroaromatic pollutants.
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25
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Zhao JL, Chen XW, Yan B, Wei C, Jiang YX, Ying GG. Estrogenic activity and identification of potential xenoestrogens in a coking wastewater treatment plant. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 112:238-246. [PMID: 25463876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the estrogenic activities in influent and effluents of coking wastewater from different treatment stages were studied using Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES) bioassays. Raw extracts were further fractioned to identify the potential xenoestrogens combined with YES bioassays and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Influent, primary effluent, and anaerobic effluent showed high estrogenic activities, with potencies of 1136±269, 1417±320, and 959±69 ng/L of 17β-estradiol (E2) equivalent (EEQ), respectively. The potency of estrogenic activity was gradually removed through the treatment processes. In the final effluent, the estrogenic activity was reduced to 0.87 ng EEQ/L with a total removal efficiency of more than 99%, suggesting that the estrogenic activity was almost completely removed in the coking wastewater. For the fractions of raw extracts, bioassay results showed that the estrogenic activities were mostly present in the polar fractions. Correlation analysis between estrogenic activities and responses of identified chemicals indicated that potential xenoestrogens were the derivatives of indenol, naphthalenol, indol, acridinone, fluorenone, and carbazole. The estrogenic activity in the final effluent was higher than the predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) for E2, implying that the discharged effluent would probably exert estrogenic activity risk to the aquatic ecosystem in "the worst-case scenario."
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Xiao-Wen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Bo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Pearl River Delta Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Chaohai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yu-Xia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
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26
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Ren C, Wu Y, Zhang S, Wu LL, Liang XG, Chen TH, Zhu CZ, Sojinu SO, Wang JZ. PAHs in sediment cores at main river estuaries of Chaohu Lake: implication for the change of local anthropogenic activities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:1687-1696. [PMID: 24946702 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, 28 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in four sediment cores collected from the main river estuaries of Chaohu Lake, one of the severely polluted lakes in China. The results indicate that elevated concentrations of total PAHs (Σ28PAH) were found in the samples from the estuary of Nanfei River (ENF), considering BaP-based total toxicity equivalent (TEQ-BaP) and toxic unit (TU) results; there are potential adverse environmental implications. The total organic carbon (TOC) played an important role on the accumulation of PAHs at ENF and the estuary of Tongyang River (ETY). The predominant PAHs are high molecular weight (HMW) homologous for all samples; as a result, industrial wastewater from a steel company is expectedly the key source of PAHs in ENF, while coke consumption would be the important source of PAHs at other three sampling sites. Vertical distribution of PAHs in the sediment cores could be explained by the local social and economic activities. Furthermore, a minor variation of PAH composition in the sediment core could be justified by the stable structure of energy consumption in the Anhui Province. These results justify the need for further enhancement of industrial wastewater treatment and development of renewable energies which are the key factors on the control of PAH pollution in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ren
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 23009, China
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27
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Gao L, Li S, Wang Y, Sun H. Organic pollution removal from coke plant wastewater using coking coal. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2015; 72:158-163. [PMID: 26114284 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Coke plant wastewater (CPW) is an intractable chemical wastewater, and it contains many toxic pollutants. This article presents the results of research on a semi-industrial adsorption method of coking wastewater treatment. As a sorbent, the coking coal (CC) was a dozen times less expensive than active carbon. The treatment was conducted within two scenarios, as follows: (1) adsorption after biological treatment of CPW with CC at 40 g L(-1); the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was 75.66%, and the concentration was reduced from 178.99 to 43.56 mg L(-1); (2) given an adsorption by CC of 250 g L(-1) prior to the biological treatment of CPW, the eliminations of COD and phenol were 58.08% and 67.12%, respectively. The CC that adsorbed organic pollution and was returned to the coking system might have no effect on both coke oven gas and coke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shulei Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongtian Wang
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China E-mail:
| | - Hao Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
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28
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Xu R, Ou H, Yu X, He R, Lin C, Wei C. Spectroscopic characterization of dissolved organic matter in coking wastewater during bio-treatment: full-scale plant study. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2015; 72:1411-1420. [PMID: 26465313 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper taking a full-scale coking wastewater (CWW) treatment plant as a case study aimed to characterize removal behaviors of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by UV spectra and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), and investigate the correlations between spectroscopic indices and water quality parameters. Efficient removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total nitrogen (TN) after the bio-treatment were 91.3%, 87.3% and 69.1%, respectively. UV270 was proven to be a stable UV absorption peak of CWW that could reflect the mixture of phenols, heterocyclics, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Molecular weight and aromaticity were increased, and also the content of polar functional groups was greatly reduced after bio-treatment. Three fluorescent components were identified by PARAFAC: C1 (tyrosine-like), C2 (tryptophan-like) and C3 (humic-like). The removal rate of protein-like was higher than that of humic-like and C1 was identified as biodegradable substance. Correlation analysis showed UV270 had an excellent correlation with COD (r=0.921, n=60, P<0.01) and DOC (r=0.959, n=60, P<0.01) and significant correlation (r=0.875, n=60, P<0.01) was also found between C2 and TN. Therefore, spectroscopic characterization could provide novel insights into removal behaviors of DOM and potential to monitor water quality real-time during CWW bio-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China E-mail: ; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huase Ou
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China E-mail: ; Key Laboratory of Water/Soil Toxic Pollutants Control and Bioremediation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutions, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xubiao Yu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China E-mail: ; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Runsheng He
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China E-mail: ; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chong Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China E-mail: ; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chaohai Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China E-mail: ; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Burmistrz P, Rozwadowski A, Burmistrz M, Karcz A. Coke dust enhances coke plant wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 117:278-284. [PMID: 25113994 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Coke plant wastewater contain many toxic pollutants. Despite physico-chemical and biological treatment this specific type of wastewater has a significant impact on environment and human health. This article presents results of research on industrial adsorptive coke plant wastewater treatment. As a sorbent the coke dust, dozen times less expensive than pulverized activated carbon, was used. Treatment was conducted in three scenarios: adsorptive after full treatment with coke dust at 15 g L(-1), biological treatment enhanced with coke dust at 0.3-0.5 g L(-1) and addition of coke dust at 0.3 g L(-1) prior to the biological treatment. The enhanced biological treatment proved the most effective. It allowed additional removal of 147-178 mg COD kg(-1) of coke dust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Burmistrz
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Energy & Fuels, Mickiewicz Avenue 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Rozwadowski
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Energy & Fuels, Mickiewicz Avenue 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Burmistrz
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksander Karcz
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Energy & Fuels, Mickiewicz Avenue 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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Ou HS, Wei CH, Mo CH, Wu HZ, Ren Y, Feng CH. Novel insights into anoxic/aerobic(1)/aerobic(2) biological fluidized-bed system for coke wastewater treatment by fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectra coupled with parallel factor analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 113:158-164. [PMID: 25065804 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was applied to investigate the contaminant removal efficiency and fluorescent characteristic variations in a full scale coke wastewater (CWW) treatment plant with a novel anoxic/aerobic(1)/aerobic(2) (A/O(1)/O(2)) process, which combined with internal-loop fluidized-bed reactor. Routine monitoring results indicated that primary contaminants in CWW, such as phenols and free cyanide, were removed efficiently in A/O(1)/O(2) process (removal efficiency reached 99% and 95%, respectively). Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy and PARAFAC identified three fluorescent components, including two humic-like fluorescence components (C1 and C3) and one protein-like component (C2). Principal component analysis revealed that C1 and C2 correlated with COD (correlation coefficient (r)=0.782, p<0.01 and r=0.921, p<0.01), respectively) and phenols (r=0.796, p<0.01 and r=0.914, p<0.01, respectively), suggesting that C1 and C2 might be associated with the predominating aromatic contaminants in CWW. C3 correlated with mixed liquor suspended solids (r=0.863, p<0.01) in fluidized-bed reactors, suggesting that it might represent the biological dissolved organic matter. In A/O(1)/O(2) process, the fluorescence intensities of C1 and C2 consecutively decreased, indicating the degradation of aromatic contaminants. Correspondingly, the fluorescence intensity of C3 increased in aerobic(1) stage, suggesting an increase of biological dissolved organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Se Ou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Chao-Hai Wei
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ce-Hui Mo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Hai-Zhen Wu
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuan Ren
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chun-Hua Feng
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Wen-wu L, Xiu-ping W, Xue-yan T, Chang-yong W. Treatment of pretreated coking wastewater by flocculation, alkali out, air stripping, and three-dimensional electrocatalytic oxidation with parallel plate electrodes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:11457-11468. [PMID: 24906833 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3124-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The coking wastewater generally comprises highly concentrated, recalcitrant, and toxic organic pollutants, so its treatment has been of great importance to prevent living beings and their environment from these hazardous contaminations. The treatment of pretreated coking wastewater by flocculation-coagulation, alkali out, air stripping, and three-dimensional (3-D) electrocatalytic oxidation was performed (gap between the used β-PbO2/Ti anode and titanium cathode, 12 mm; mass ratio of Cu-Mn/granular activated carbon (GAC) to effluent, 1:4; cell voltage, 7 V). The results showed that the pH adjusting from 3.7 to 6.1 was necessary for coagulants; alkali out played an important role because it brought up precipitation containing higher fatty acids as well as other contaminants to decrease the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the effluent, and it had also forced the reduction of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) by incorporating with air stripping; for 3-D electrocatalytic oxidation with a bleaching liquid assisting, the initial pH 8.5 of effluent was suitable for Cu-Mn/GAC; moreover, it was considered that its Cu component was dedicated to the decrease of COD and NH3-N, while the Mn component specialized in the decay of NH3-N. The residual COD and NH3-N values in the final effluent with pH 6.5 were 95.8 and 8.8 mg/L, respectively, demonstrating that the whole processes applied were feasible and low in cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Wen-wu
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, Sichuan, China,
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Zhao JL, Jiang YX, Yan B, Wei C, Zhang LJ, Ying GG. Multispecies acute toxicity evaluation of wastewaters from different treatment stages in a coking wastewater-treatment plant. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2014; 33:1967-1975. [PMID: 25042296 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Coking wastewater contributes approximately 5% of the total discharge volume of industrial wastewaters every year in China. The toxicity of coking wastewater to aquatic organisms is still unknown. The authors evaluated the toxicity of wastewater from different treatment stages in a coking wastewater treatment plant, South China, using 5 test species belonging to different trophic levels: luminous bacteria, green alga, a crustacean, duckweed, and zebrafish embryos. The raw influent displayed the highest toxicity to the test species, with toxic units ranging from 16.2 to 1176. The toxicity in the wastewater was then gradually removed by sequential primary treatment, biological fluidized-bed treatment, and secondary clarifier treatment. The toxic unit of the final effluent was reduced to 2.26 for the green alga (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) and to 0 for the other 4 organisms. Quantitative analysis of metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and qualitative scanning by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed the presence of a variety of pollutants in the coking wastewaters. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that the toxicity in the coking wastewater was correlated to the chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, volatile phenols, sulfide, metals (Cr, As, Sb, Hg, Pb, and Ni), and ΣPAHs. Based on the results, it is required to set a safety emission limit value for the discharge of coking wastewater to protect aquatic organisms in the receiving water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Shao Y, Wang Y, Xu X, Wu X, Jiang Z, He S, Qian K. Occurrence and source apportionment of PAHs in highly vulnerable karst system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 490:153-160. [PMID: 24852613 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The concentration and spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in topsoil, groundwater and groundwater suspended solids (SS) at Guozhuang karst water system of northern China were investigated. The total concentration of PAHs ranged from 622 to 87,880 ng/g dry weight in topsoil, from 4739 to 59,314 ng/g dry weight in SS, and from 2137 to 9037 ng/L in groundwater, with mean values of 17,174 ng/g, 11,990 ng/g and 5020 ng/L, respectively. High concentrations of PAHs were mainly observed in the coal mining industrial area and the discharge area. The composition of PAHs indicated that low molecular weight PAHs were predominant in groundwater samples, the content of medium molecular weight PAHs was elevated in SS, and carcinogenic high molecular weight PAHs were frequently detected in topsoil. The high contents of low-medium molecular weight PAHs in groundwater and SS suggested relatively recent local sources of PAHs that were transported into the aquifer via leakage of contaminated surface water and/or infiltration of PAH-containing precipitation. The results of evaluating sources of PAHs using ratios of specific PAH compounds showed that PAHs mainly originated from coal and wood combustion. Furthermore, five sources were identified by positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, and the contribution to the total loadings of groundwater PAHs were: 2% for unburnt oil, 32% for coal combustion, 22% for vehicle emission, 27% for biomass combustion and 18% for coke production, respectively. Furthermore, strong correlations of total PAHs with total organic carbon (TOC) in topsoil indicated co-emission of PAHs and TOC. Poor correlations of PAHs with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in groundwater indicated that other factors exert stronger influences. Therefore, PAHs might have posed a major threat to the quality of potable groundwater in Guozhuang karst water system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Geological Research Center for Agricultural Applications, China Geological Survey, Zhejiang 311203, PR China.
| | - Yanxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- North China Power Engineering Co., Ltd. of China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Beijing 100120, PR China.
| | - Xiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Zhou Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Shanshan He
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Kun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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Abbasi M, Saeed F, Rafique U. Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles from Synthetic and Natural Sources: Remediation Model for PAHs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/60/1/012061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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