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Wang M, Song B, Song T, Sun K, He J, Deng J, Fang L, Luan T, Lin L. Efflux transport proteins of Tetrahymena thermophila play important roles in resistance to perfluorooctane sulfonate exposure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132287. [PMID: 37591171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The biotoxicity of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has been a concern. However, the effects of PFOS on Tetrahymena thermophila, a unicellular model organism, remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the toxicity and detoxification mechanism of PFOS in this protozoan. PFOS did not show prominent toxic effects on T. thermophila. Cell viability of T. thermophila can be concentration-dependently increased by PFOS. PFOS also increased the stability of cell membranes and the activity of lysosomes. However, PFOS inhibited efflux transporter activities. Most of the PFOS amount remained in the culture medium during the culture periods. Only a low amount of PFOS was absorbed by cells, where PFOS molecules were mainly combined with membrane proteins. The expressions of four membrane protein genes involved in transporting xenobiotics were analyzed by real time-PCR. The gene abcg25 was significantly up-regulated. The growth of abcg25 gene knockout protozoans under PFOS treatment was slightly inhibited. However, the amount of PFOS adsorbed by the knockout protozoans showed no significant difference from the Wild-type protozoans. We concluded that the ABCG25 protein might play a key role in preventing PFOS from entering the cell or being exported from the cells to protect T. thermophila against PFOS. However, ABCG25 was not the only membrane protein able to bind with PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Bingyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tianyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Kailun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jin He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiewei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ling Fang
- Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Li Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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2
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Ma T, Ye C, Wang T, Li X, Luo Y. Toxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances to Aquatic Invertebrates, Planktons, and Microorganisms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192416729. [PMID: 36554610 PMCID: PMC9779086 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), recognized worldwide as emerging pollutants, may pose a substantial threat to human health and our environment due to their stability, high concentrations, wide distribution, and easy accumulation. Ever since perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid were recognized by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, the public has become increasingly concerned about potential contamination and the environmental risks associated with PFASs. Ubiquitous PFAS contamination of drinking water, groundwater, surface water, and sediment has been detected, especially in areas with rapid industrial and economic development. Its accumulation in living organisms and foods has accentuated the importance of investigations into aquatic organisms at the bottom of the food chain, as the stability and integrity of the food web as well as the population quantity and structure of the aquatic ecosystem may be affected. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the toxic and toxicity-related effects of PFASs on aquatic plankton, aquatic invertebrates and microorganisms, the characteristics of different target aquatic organisms in toxicity investigations, and a feasibility evaluation of PFAS substitutes to provide valuable suggestions for further utilization and regulation of PFASs and their substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ma
- College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China
| | - Chaoran Ye
- College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Xiuhua Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Compa M, Alomar C, López Cortès MF, Rios-Fuster B, Morató M, Capó X, Fagiano V, Deudero S. Multispecies Assessment of Anthropogenic Particle Ingestion in a Marine Protected Area. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1375. [PMID: 36290281 PMCID: PMC9598462 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We have applied a multispecies ecosystem approach to analyse the ingestion of anthropogenic particles (AP) in the gastrointestinal tract of 313 individuals (17 fish species and 8 invertebrate species) from pelagic, demersal and benthic habitats in a marine protected area off the Western Mediterranean (Cabrera National Park). We have quantified and characterized the ingestion at several taxonomic levels of fish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, bivalves, and jellyfish in relation to biotic/abiotic factors based on taxonomic groups, trophic guilds (functional groups) and habitats. AP ingestion occurrence ranged from 26 to 100% with no significant differences among taxonomic groups. The fish within the MPA showed an overall ingestion occurrence ranging from 0 to 100%, the echinoderms from 29 to 100%, the bivalves from 72 to 96% and the jellyfish 36% ingestion. The ecosystem approach applied to evaluate overall AP ingestion within the species reported that for trophic guilds, the omnivorous species ingested the highest amounts of anthropogenic items, while herbivores ingested significantly fewer items than all other trophic guilds. Moreover, no significant differences were found amongst habitats, indicating a homogeneous spatial distribution of APs at all studied habitats. The multispecies approach provided insight into the high APs exposure to species within Cabrera MPA, highlighting the potential harm linked with marine litter that threatens marine biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Compa
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO-CSIC), Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain
| | - Carme Alomar
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO-CSIC), Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain
| | - María Francesca López Cortès
- Dirección General de Espacios Naturales y Biodiversidad, Parque Nacional Marítimo-Terrestre del Archipiélago de Cabrera, Gremi de Corredors 10, Polígon de Son Rossinyol, 07009 Palma, Spain
| | - Beatriz Rios-Fuster
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO-CSIC), Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain
| | - Mercè Morató
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO-CSIC), Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain
| | - Xavier Capó
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO-CSIC), Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain
| | - Valentina Fagiano
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO-CSIC), Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain
| | - Salud Deudero
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO-CSIC), Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain
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Fabrello J, Ciscato M, Masiero L, Finos L, Valsecchi S, Polesello S, Bernardini I, Rovere GD, Bargelloni L, Massimo M, Patarnello T, Marin MG, Matozzo V. New compounds, old problems. The case of C6O4 - a substitute of PFOA - and its effects to the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 420:126689. [PMID: 34329081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
C6O4 (difluoro{[2,2,4,5-tetrafluoro-5-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]oxy}acetic acid) is a new surfactant and emulsifier used as a substitute of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Recently, C6O4 has been detected in aquatic environments, but, at present, no information concerning the effects of C6O4 on aquatic species, such as bivalves, are available in the literature. Therefore, in this study we evaluated for the first time the effects of C6O4 (0.1 and 1 µg/L) and PFOA (1 µg/L) to the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Short-term (7 days) and long-term (21 days) exposures of clams to the two compounds were carried out and numerous biomarkers were measured in haemocytes/haemolymph, as well as in gills and digestive gland. The MANOVA analysis demonstrated statistically significant effects of the independent variables "treatment", "time" and "treatment-time interaction" on the whole dataset of biomarker responses. The two-way ANOVA analysis performed for each biomarker response indicated that the two compounds affected most of the cellular and tissue parameters measured. Despite preliminary, the results obtained suggested that C6O4 - similarly to PFOA - can affect both cellular and biochemical parameters of clams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Fabrello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Basssi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Ciscato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Basssi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Luciano Masiero
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Basssi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Livio Finos
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Valsecchi
- Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, MB, Italy
| | - Stefano Polesello
- Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, MB, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bernardini
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Giulia Dalla Rovere
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Luca Bargelloni
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Milan Massimo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Tomaso Patarnello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | | | - Valerio Matozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Basssi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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Huang C, Zhang J, Hu G, Zhang L, Chen H, Wei D, Cai D, Yu Y, Li X, Ding P, Li J. Characterization of the distribution, source, and potential ecological risk of perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) in the inland river basin of Longgang District, South China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117642. [PMID: 34182383 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies of perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) in receiving water bodies of typical industrial parks under the low-carbon development mode are scarce. In the present study, 18 PFASs were analyzed in surface water and sediment samples of the inland river basin in Longgang District in 2017. The ΣPFAS concentrations in surface water (drought and rainy periods) and sediment ranged from 15.17 to 948.50 ng/L, 11.56-561.14 ng/L, and 1.07-28.94 ng/g dw, respectively. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) were the dominant pollutants in surface water, with maximum concentrations of 867.68 ng/L, 288.28 ng/L, and 245.09 ng/L, respectively. Meanwhile, PFOS, perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUdA), PFBS, and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) were the major PFASs in the sediment samples, with maximum concentrations of 9.83 ng/g dw, 11.86 ng/g dw, 5.30 ng/g dw, and 5.23 ng/g dw, respectively. In addition, PFOA and PFOS resulted from similar sources in sediment and surface water samples (P < 0.05). The risk quotient value (RQ) results showed that the control of PFOS in the treatment of pollutants in the inland river basin of Longgang District deserves more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chushan Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Jiaji Zhang
- Central and Southern China Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Haikou, 570100, China
| | - Guocheng Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Dongyang Wei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Dan Cai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Ping Ding
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Jing Li
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
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6
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Jiang W, Fang J, Du M, Gao Y, Fang J, Jiang Z. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses reveal benzo[a]pyrene enhances the toxicity of mercury to the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112038. [PMID: 33636467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg2+) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) are ubiquitous and persistent pollutants with multiple toxicities in bivalve molluscs. Here, the toxicological responses in the gills of Manila clams, Ruditapes philippinarum, to Hg2+ (10 μg L-1), BaP (3 μg L-1), and their mixture were analysed using transcriptomics and metabolomics approaches. Comparisons of the transcriptomes and metabolomes of Hg2+-and/or BaP-treated clams with control animals revealed the involvement of the detoxification metabolism, immune defence, energy-related pathways, and osmotic regulation in the stress response of R. philippinarum. Exposure to Hg2+ alone primarily enhanced the detoxification and energy metabolic pathways by significantly increasing the expression of genes associated with heat-shock proteins and oxidative phosphorylation. However, co-exposure to Hg2+ and BaP caused greater immunotoxicity and disrupted detoxification metabolism, the TCA cycle, glycolysis, and ATP generation. The expression levels of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and myosin (MYO), and the activity of electron transport system (ETS) in gills were detected, supporting the underlying toxic mechanisms of Hg2+ and BaP. We suggest that the presence of BaP enhances the toxicity of Hg2+ by 1) hampering the detoxification of Hg2+, 2) increasing the immunotoxicity of Hg2+, and 3) constraining energy availability for clams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jinghui Fang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Meirong Du
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yaping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jianguang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China
| | - Zengjie Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China.
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7
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Miranda AF, Trestrail C, Lekamge S, Nugegoda D. Effects of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) on the thyroid status, vitellogenin, and oxidant-antioxidant balance in the Murray River rainbowfish. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:163-174. [PMID: 31938948 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid's (PFOA) widespread use, presence and persistence in the aquatic environment has led to an increasing number of studies focusing on its toxicological effects. In Australia, PFOA has been detected in the aquatic environment, however its effects on Australian native fauna are unknown. In this study, male Australian native fish Murray River rainbowfish (Melanotaenia fluviatilis) were exposed to four different concentrations of PFOA (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg L-1). Variations in thyroid hormones (Triiodothyronine (T3)/Thyroxine (T4)) and the presence of vitellogenin were determined in plasma. Oxidative stress responses were evaluated in gills and liver. Exposure of male fish to PFOA resulted in altered T3/T4 ratios and the presence of vitellogenin in the plasma. Activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione- S-transferase (GST) were significantly increased in the gills and significantly reduced in the liver. Lipid peroxidation was observed in both tissues showing that vital organs could not neutralize the peroxides generated by oxidative stress resulting from exposure to PFOA. In natural populations exposed to PFOA, such hormonal disturbances can have negative effects, notably through altered capacity to respond to changes in environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Miranda
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia.
| | - Charlene Trestrail
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Sam Lekamge
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Dayanthi Nugegoda
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
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8
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Jiang W, Fang J, Gao Y, Du M, Fang J, Wang X, Li F, Lin F, Jiang Z. Biomarkers responses in Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum after single and combined exposure to mercury and benzo[a]pyrene. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 220:1-8. [PMID: 30802620 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Physiological and biochemical responses in bivalves exposed to pollutants have proved a valuable tool to assess the health of organisms in aquatic ecosystems. The single and combined effects of mercury (Hg2+, 2 and 10 μg/L) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP, 3 μg/L) on physiological and biochemical biomarkers in Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum were evaluated. Results showed that significant higher oxygen consumption (OR) and ammonia-N excretion rates (NR) together with significant lower ingestion rates (IR) were observed for the 10 μg/L Hg2+ or 3 μg/L BaP treatments compared to controls (P < 0.05). However, clam NR decreased significantly in response to the binary mixtures of 10 μg/L Hg2+ and 3 μg/L BaP (P < 0.05). Moreover, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferases (GSTs), glutathione (GSH), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hepatopancreas of clams were induced substantially, whereas glycogen (GLY) contents were suppressed dramatically after Hg2+ and BaP exposure. Additionally, the integrated biomarker response (IBR) values measured showed significant increases in combination treatments and they were much higher than that in the Hg2+ treatment. This study will provide further information on the defense mechanism in the Manila clam after exposure to marine pollutants and may help evaluate the quality of the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Jianguang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Shandong Province 266200, PR China
| | - Yaping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Meirong Du
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Jinghui Fang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Fengxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Fan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Zengjie Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Shandong Province 266200, PR China.
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9
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Li J, Lusher AL, Rotchell JM, Deudero S, Turra A, Bråte ILN, Sun C, Shahadat Hossain M, Li Q, Kolandhasamy P, Shi H. Using mussel as a global bioindicator of coastal microplastic pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 244:522-533. [PMID: 30368156 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquity and high bioavailability of microplastics have an unknown risk on the marine environment. Biomonitoring should be used to investigate biotic impacts of microplastic exposure. While many studies have used mussels as indicators for marine microplastic pollution, a robust and clear justification for their selection as indicator species is still lacking. Here, we review published literature from field investigations and laboratory experiments on microplastics in mussels and critically discuss the suitability and challenges of mussels as bioindicator for microplastic pollution. Mussels are suitable bioindicator for microplastic pollution because of their wide distribution, vital ecological niches, susceptibility to microplastic uptake and close connection with marine predators and human health. Field investigations highlight a wide occurrence of microplastics in mussels from all over the world, yet their abundance varies enormously. Problematically, these studies are not comparable due to the lack of a standardized approach, as well as temporal and spatial variability. Interestingly, microplastic abundance in field-collected mussels is closely related to human activity, and there is evidence for a positive and quantitative correlation between microplastics in mussels and surrounding waters. Laboratory studies collectively demonstrate that mussels may be good model organisms in revealing microplastic uptake, accumulation and toxicity. Consequently, we propose the use of mussels as target species to monitor microplastics and call for a uniform, efficient and economical approach that is suitable for a future large-scale monitoring program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiana Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Amy L Lusher
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalleen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jeanette M Rotchell
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Salud Deudero
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | - Inger Lise N Bråte
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalleen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chengjun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances, The First Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Qingdao, China
| | - M Shahadat Hossain
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Qipei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Prabhu Kolandhasamy
- Coastal and Marine Ecology Division, Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology, India
| | - Huahong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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10
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Chavan P, Kumar R, Joshi H, Kirubagaran R, Venugopalan VP. Multimarker study of the effects of antifouling biocide on benthic organisms: results using Perna viridis as candidate species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:20407-20418. [PMID: 28685340 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9607-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Toxic effects of continuous low dose application of the antifouling biocide chlorine on marine benthic organisms were monitored using transplanted green mussels (Perna viridis) and a suite of biomarkers. Caged mussels were deployed in chlorinated and non-chlorinated sections of the cooling system of an operating electric power plant. Biomarkers indicative of general stress, oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase and catalase), and DNA integrity, along with expression of stress proteins, were studied to assess the effects. Deterioration in condition index with corresponding increase in DNA strand breaks was indicative of chlorine stress. Superoxide dismutase enzyme did not show any particular trend, but catalase activity was high during the initial days of exposure at the chlorinated site; later, it became almost equal to that at the control site. Similarly, expressions of stress proteins (HSP60, HSP70, HSP22, GSTS1, and CYP4) showed bell-shaped pattern during the period of study. Positive correlation among the endpoints indicated the utility of the multimarker approach to monitor the effects of continuous low dose chlorination on mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Chavan
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam, 603 102, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam, 603 102, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - Hiren Joshi
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam, 603 102, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - Ramalingam Kirubagaran
- Marine Biotechnology, ESSO-National Institute of Ocean Technology, Pallikaranai, Chennai, 600 100, India
| | - Vayalam P Venugopalan
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam, 603 102, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
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11
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Groffen T, Wepener V, Malherbe W, Bervoets L. Distribution of perfluorinated compounds (PFASs) in the aquatic environment of the industrially polluted Vaal River, South Africa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 627:1334-1344. [PMID: 30857097 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) are highly persistent chemicals, which have a bioaccumulative potential and can be found in wildlife around the world. Although multiple studies have been performed on PFASs pollution of the aquatic environment, little is known on PFASs pollution on the African continent and their possible risks for human health. In the present study, we examined the distribution of 15 PFASs in fish, invertebrates, sediment and water, collected at three sites, representing a gradient of industrial and mining pollution, along the Vaal River, South Africa. Furthermore, possible risks for human health through consumption of contaminated fish were examined. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the most dominant PFAS measured in biota, whereas perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) was measured in higher concentrations in water. Mean PFAS concentrations in water ranged from <LOQ to 38.5ng/L. PFAS concentrations in water decreased along the gradient and were similar or lower compared to other studies in Europe, Asia and America. PFAS measurements in sediment were <LOQ, with the exception of PFOS at Thabela Thabeng (2.36ng/g dry weight (dw)). Average ∑PFAS concentrations in biota increased along the gradient and ranged from <LOQ to 34.5ng/g wet weight (ww) in invertebrates, <LOQ to 289ng/g ww in liver and <LOQ to 34.0ng/g ww in muscle tissue. Although PFOS concentrations were relatively high compared to literature, concentrations of other PFASs were rather low. A potential risk for humans through consumption of PFAS-contaminated fish was assessed. Tolerable daily intake values (grams of fish that can be eaten daily without risking health effects) were much lower than the average South African fish consumption per day, implying a potential risk for human health through consumption of PFAS contaminated fish. CAPSULE: Concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in water, sediment, fish and invertebrates from the Vaal River were low or intermediate and posed a potential risk for human health through consumption of contaminated fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thimo Groffen
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicology Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Victor Wepener
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North West University, 11 Hoffman Street, 2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | - Wynand Malherbe
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North West University, 11 Hoffman Street, 2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | - Lieven Bervoets
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicology Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
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12
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Zhang LJ, Li Y, Chen P, Li XM, Chen YG, Hang YY, Gong WJ. A study of genotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by mercuric chloride in the marine polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 56:361-365. [PMID: 29126054 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The marine polychaete worm Perinereis aibuhitensis was used to study the genotoxic effects of mercuric chloride by means of the comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test. P. aibuhitensis was subjected in vivo to two different concentrations of mercuric chloride (0.05mgL-1 and 0.5mgL-1) for 96h. The comet assay of coelomocytes demonstrated that TailDNA% values increased with extended exposure to or increased concentrations of HgCl2 (p<0.01). The frequency of MNs was the highest in the treatment with 96h of exposure at all concentrations (p<0.01). The genotoxic effect of HgCl2 was both dose- and time-dependent in exposed P. aibuhitensis. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidases (GPx) were also estimated. Significant variations in antioxidant enzyme activities depended on the sampling time and the concentrations of mercuric chloride. Compared with the control, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GPx) were elevated at the lower concentration of mercuric chloride (0.05mg L-1) (p<0.05) for shorter exposure periods (24h and 72h). At the higher concentration of mercury (0.5mgL-1), the activities of GPx and SOD were inhibited; no variation was observed. These results proved that the use of the comet assay and MN test in coelomocytes of P. aibuhitensis is appropriate for determining the levels of DNA damage and that P. aibuhitensis is a species that is sensitive to mercury pollutants. This species may be considered a suitable candidate for monitoring marine heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Jun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Tropical Ocean College of Hainan, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Yao Li
- Navigation College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pan Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Tropical Ocean College of Hainan, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xiao Mei Li
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Tropical Ocean College of Hainan, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yong Gan Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Tropical Ocean College of Hainan, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yu Yu Hang
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Tropical Ocean College of Hainan, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, China
| | - Wei Jie Gong
- College of Life Sciences and Ecology, Tropical Ocean College of Hainan, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, China
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13
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Balbi T, Ciacci C, Grasselli E, Smerilli A, Voci A, Canesi L. Utilization of Mytilus digestive gland cells for the in vitro screening of potential metabolic disruptors in aquatic invertebrates. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 191:26-35. [PMID: 27626137 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In vertebrate systems, many endocrine disruptors (EDs) can also interfere with energy and lipid metabolism, thus acting as metabolic disruptors. At the cellular level, these effects are mainly mediated by interactions with nuclear receptors/transcription factors, leading to the modulation of genes involved in lipid homeostasis, as well as by rapid, receptor-independent pathways. Several potential metabolic disruptors are found in aquatic environments. In fish, different EDs have been shown to affect hepatic lipid homeostasis both in vivo and in vitro. However, little information is available in aquatic invertebrates due to our poor knowledge of the regulatory pathways of lipid metabolism. In this work, primary cell cultures from the digestive gland of the bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis were utilized to investigate the effects of model EDs (bisphenol A (BPA) and perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS)) on lipid homeostasis. Both compounds (at 24 and 3h of exposure) increased intracellular lipid and tryglyceride-TAG content, with strongest effects of PFOS at 10-7M. Acyl-CoA oxidase activity was unaffected, whereas some changes in the activity of glycolytic, antioxidant/biotransformation enzymes were observed; however, no clear relationship was found with lipid accumulation. Evaluation of mitochondrial membrane potential Δψm and determination of extracellular TAG content indicate that PFOS interferes with mitochondrial function and lipid secretion, whereas BPA mainly affects lipid secretion. Experiments with specific inhibitors showed that activation of PI-3 kinase and extracellularly regulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK MAPK) plays a key role in mediating lipid accumulation. Mussel digestive gland cells represent a simple in vitro model for screening the metabolic effects of EDs in marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Balbi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Caterina Ciacci
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Grasselli
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Arianna Smerilli
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Adriana Voci
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Canesi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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14
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Rodea-Palomares I, Makowski M, Gonzalo S, González-Pleiter M, Leganés F, Fernández-Piñas F. Effect of PFOA/PFOS pre-exposure on the toxicity of the herbicides 2,4-D, Atrazine, Diuron and Paraquat to a model aquatic photosynthetic microorganism. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 139:65-72. [PMID: 26070144 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pre-exposure to the perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) perfluorooctano sulphonate (PFOS) or perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) on the toxicity of four herbicides of different types and modes of action towards the self-luminescent recombinant cyanobacterium Anabaena CPB4337 was evaluated. The rationale of the approach is that both PFOS and PFOA as surfactants are known to modify cell membrane properties and pre-exposure to them might alter herbicide toxicity towards the cyanobacterium. Anabaena CPB4337 was pre-exposed during 72h to PFOS or PFOA at a concentration below their no observed effect concentration (NOEC). After pre-exposure, cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of 2,4-D Atrazine, Diuron and Paraquat and the toxicity was compared to that of non-pre-exposed ones. The data clearly showed that PFCs pre-treatment significantly altered the toxicity of the tested herbicides. However the effects resulting from PFOA and PFOS pre-exposure were not homogeneous for all the herbicides. In general PFOA pre-exposure resulted in increased herbicide toxicity except for atrazine, while PFOS pre-exposure resulted in increased toxicity for paraquat and diuron, and reduced toxicity for atrazine with no significant effect on 2,4-D toxicity. The strongest modifying effect was found for paraquat whose toxicity doubled with PFOA pre-exposure. Further analysis of membrane properties by flow cytometry revealed that both PFOA and PFOS were able to modify membrane integrity and membrane potential of Anabaena CPB4337 at the concentrations used in the pre-exposure experiments. These results reveal relevant indirect effects of PFCs pollution with eco-toxicological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Rodea-Palomares
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcin Makowski
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Soledad Gonzalo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel González-Pleiter
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Leganés
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Fernández-Piñas
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Xia JG, Nie LJ, Mi XM, Wang WZ, Ma YJ, Cao ZD, Fu SJ. Behavior, metabolism and swimming physiology in juvenile Spinibarbus sinensis exposed to PFOS under different temperatures. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2015; 41:1293-1304. [PMID: 26077224 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0086-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The harmful effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are of growing international concern. This paper aimed to gain an integrated understanding of fitness-related ecological end points, such as behavior, metabolism and swimming physiology, in juvenile Spinibarbus sinensis in response to PFOS toxicity at different temperatures. The fish were exposed to a range of PFOS concentrations (0, 0.32, 0.8, 2 and 5 mg/L) at different temperatures (18 and 28 °C) for 30 days. The effects on fish behavior, metabolic characteristics and aerobic swimming performance caused by PFOS at different temperatures were investigated. Our results showed that both PFOS and temperature had important influences on spontaneous swimming behavior, social interactions, routine metabolic rate (RMR), net energetic cost of transport (COTnet) and critical swimming speed (U crit) in fish. The lowest observed effect concentration for both U crit and RMR was 5 and 0.8 mg/L at 18 and 28 °C, respectively. We found that PFOS affected various behavioral and social end points and also appeared to affect metabolic rates and reduced U crit, likely as a result of increased COTnet, and that many of these effects also changed with respect to temperature. Our results further the understanding of the metabolic and behavioral toxicity of PFOS to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Gang Xia
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Li-Juan Nie
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Xia-Mei Mi
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Wei-Zhen Wang
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Yi-Jie Ma
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Zhen-Dong Cao
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Shi-Jian Fu
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
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16
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Coperchini F, Pignatti P, Lacerenza S, Negri S, Sideri R, Testoni C, de Martinis L, Cottica D, Magri F, Imbriani M, Rotondi M, Chiovato L. Exposure to perfluorinated compounds: in vitro study on thyroid cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:2287-2294. [PMID: 25182428 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3480-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are widely used perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs). Previous studies detected PFOA and PFOS in human tissues including the thyroid gland. There are no studies on the in vitro effects of PFOA and PFOS on thyroid cells. Our study was aimed at evaluating the effect of the in vitro exposure to PFOA and PFOS on thyroid cell proliferation and viability. These objectives were investigated using Fisher rat thyroid line-5 (FRTL-5) cells. FRTL-5 cells cultured in the presence of PFOA and PFOS at concentrations up to 10(4) nM do not display changes in their viability and proliferation rate, while at a concentration of 10(5) nM of either PFCs, a significant inhibition of cell proliferation, mainly due to increased cell death, was found. PFOA and PFOS were detected in FRTL-5 cell pellets after 72 h of incubation with PFCs but not in control cultures. When FRTL-5 were incubated with PFCs then washed in PBS and re-cultured for 72 h without PFCs in the medium, no detectable concentrations of PFOA and PFOS were measured in the cell pellet. This indicates that PFOA and PFOS enter thyroid cells by a gradient-based passive diffusion mechanism. Future studies are required to evaluate the potential toxic effect resulting from prolonged in vivo exposure to even lower concentrations of PFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Coperchini
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors and Chair of Endocrinology University of Pavia, Via S. Maugeri 10, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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