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Yang Y, Lu X, Yu B, Wang Z, Wang L, Lei K, Zuo L, Fan P, Liang T. Exploring the environmental risks and seasonal variations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in fine road dust in resource-based cities based on Monte Carlo simulation, geo-detector and random forest model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134708. [PMID: 38795490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The environmental pollution caused by mineral exploitation and energy consumption poses a serious threat to ecological security and human health, particularly in resource-based cities. To address this issue, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in road dust from different seasons to assess the environmental risks and influencing factors faced by Datong City. Multivariate statistical analysis and absolute principal component score were employed for source identification and quantitative allocation. The geo-accumulation index and improved Nemerow index were utilized to evaluate the pollution levels of PTEs. Monte Carlo simulation was employed to assess the ecological-health risks associated with PTEs content and source orientation. Furthermore, geo-detector and random forest analysis were conducted to examine the key environmental variables and driving factors contributing to the spatiotemporal variation in PTEs content. In all PTEs, Cd, Hg, and Zn exhibited higher levels of content, with an average content/background value of 3.65 to 4.91, 2.53 to 3.34, and 2.15 to 2.89 times, respectively. Seasonal disparities were evident in PTEs contents, with average levels generally showing a pattern of spring (winter) > summer (autumn). PTEs in fine road dust (FRD) were primarily influenced by traffic, natural factors, coal-related industrial activities, and metallurgical activities, contributing 14.9-33.9 %, 41.4-47.5 %, 4.4-8.3 %, and 14.2-29.4 % to the total contents, respectively. The overall pollution and ecological risk of PTEs were categorized as moderate and high, respectively, with the winter season exhibiting the most severe conditions, primarily driven by Hg emissions from coal-related industries. Non-carcinogenic risk of PTEs for adults was within the safe limit, yet children still faced a probability of 4.1 %-16.4 % of unacceptable risks, particularly in summer. Carcinogenic risks were evident across all demographics, with children at the highest risk, mainly due to Cr and smelting industrial sources. Geo-detector and random forest model indicated that spatial disparities in prioritized control elements (Cr and Hg) were primarily influenced by particulate matter (PM10) and anthropogenic activities (industrial and socio-economic factors); variations in particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and meteorological factors (wind speed and precipitation) were the primary controllers of seasonal disparities of Cr and Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Yang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xinwei Lu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Zhenze Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Kai Lei
- School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Ling Zuo
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Peng Fan
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Su X, Narayanan M, Shi X, Chen X, Li Z, Ma Y. Mitigating heavy metal accumulation in tobacco: Strategies, mechanisms, and global initiatives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172128. [PMID: 38565350 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The threat of heavy metal (HM) pollution looms large over plant growth and human health, with tobacco emerging as a highly vulnerable plant due to its exceptional absorption capacity. The widespread cultivation of tobacco intensifies these concerns, posing increased risks to human health as HMs become more pervasive in tobacco-growing soils globally. The absorption of these metals not only impedes tobacco growth and quality but also amplifies health hazards through smoking. Implementing proactive strategies to minimize HM absorption in tobacco is of paramount importance. Various approaches, encompassing chemical immobilization, transgenic modification, agronomic adjustments, and microbial interventions, have proven effective in curbing HM accumulation and mitigating associated adverse effects. However, a comprehensive review elucidating these control strategies and their mechanisms remains notably absent. This paper seeks to fill this void by examining the deleterious effects of HM exposure on tobacco plants and human health through tobacco consumption. Additionally, it provides a thorough exploration of the mechanisms responsible for reducing HM content in tobacco. The review consolidates and synthesizes recent domestic and international initiatives aimed at mitigating HM content in tobacco, delivering a comprehensive overview of their current status, benefits, and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Su
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering (SSE), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Xiaojun Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xinping Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhenlun Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Ying Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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Ni X, Liu Z, Wang J, Dong M, Wang R, Qi Z, Xu H, Jiang C, Zhang Q, Wang J. Optimizing the development of contaminated land in China: Exploring machine-learning to identify risk markers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133057. [PMID: 38043429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Often available for use, previously developed land, which includes residential and commercial/industrial areas, presents a significant challenge due to the risk to human health. China's 2018 release of health risk assessment standards for land reuse aimed to bridge this gap in soil quality standards. Despite this, the absence of representative indicators strains risk managers economically and operationally. We improved China's land redevelopment approach by leveraging a dataset of 297,275 soil samples from 352 contaminated sites, employing machine learning. Our method incorporating soil quality standards from seven countries to discern patterns for establishing a cost-effective evaluative framework. Our research findings demonstrated that detection costs could be curtailed by 60% while maintaining consistency with international soil standards (prediction accuracy = 90-98%). Our findings deepen insights into soil pollution, proposing a more efficient risk assessment system for land redevelopment, addressing the current dearth of expertise in evaluating land development in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Ni
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zeyuan Liu
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jizhong Wang
- Zhejiang Ecological Civilization Academy, Anji 313300, China
| | - Mengting Dong
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruwei Wang
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhulin Qi
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haolong Xu
- Center of Air Quality Simulation and System Analysis, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Ecological Civilization Academy, Anji 313300, China.
| | - Jinnan Wang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Technology, Hangzhou 310000, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Planning and Policy Simulation, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100041, China.
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Xi W, Ping Y, Cai H, Tan Q, Liu C, Shen J, Zhang Y. Effects of Soil Properties on Pb, Cd, and Cu Contents in Tobacco Leaves of Longyan, China, and Their Prediction Models. Int J Anal Chem 2023; 2023:9216995. [PMID: 38178991 PMCID: PMC10766475 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9216995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Longyan City in Fujian Province is one of China's top-quality tobacco-producing areas and plays an essential role in local economic development. To determine the correlation between heavy metal content in tobacco leaves and soil factors, soil physical and chemical properties and heavy metal contents of lead, cadmium, and copper in tobacco leaves were measured and analyzed by the correlation regression method. The content of lead, cadmium, and copper in soil was determined using hydrochloric acid extraction-AAS and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to determine heavy metal in tobacco leaf. The findings revealed that the average concentrations of lead, cadmium, and copper in the soil were 12.1, 0.092, and 3.88 mg/kg, respectively. In contrast, the average levels of lead, cadmium, and copper in tobacco leaves were 2.33, 4.89, and 4.35 mg/kg, respectively. The cadmium enrichment coefficient of 54.3 was higher than lead and copper, indicating a greater health risk. Soil pH value was negatively correlated with lead content in tobacco leaf, while potassium and phosphorus nutrient levels were negatively correlated with copper content. In contrast, a positive correlation was established between the presence of organic matter with cadmium content in tobacco leaves. The prediction models of lead, cadmium, and copper in tobacco leaves can be expressed by the regression equation corresponding to each heavy metal as follows: YPb=2.33 - 0.005∗ XK+0.007∗XN - 0.271∗XpH+0.065∗XPb (R2 = 0.787), YCd=1.55+0.012∗XOM - 0.014∗XCu+34.6∗XCd (R2 = 0.891), and YCu=4.64 - 0.029∗XP - 0.007∗XK+0.245∗XCu (R2 = 0.724), respectively. The prediction models above provide an effective predictive tool for assessing heavy metal risk in tobacco leaves using soil properties in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xi
- College of Primary Education, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - YuanYe Ping
- College of Primary Education, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China
| | - HaiYang Cai
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qian Tan
- Guangzhou Lanshen Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Chaoyang Liu
- College of Primary Education, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China
| | - Junru Shen
- College of Primary Education, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China
| | - YaWen Zhang
- College of Primary Education, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China
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Xu Z, Zhang T, Hu H, Liu W, Xu P, Tang H. Characterization on nicotine degradation and research on heavy metal resistance of a strain Pseudomonas sp. NBB. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132145. [PMID: 37557045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The remediation of polluted sites containing multiple contaminants like nicotine and heavy metals poses significant challenges, due to detrimental effects like cell death. In this study, we isolated a new strain Pseudomonas sp. NBB capable of efficiently degrading nicotine even in high level of heavy metals. It degraded nicotine through pyrrolidine pathway and displayed minimum inhibitory concentrations of 2 mM for barium, copper, and lead, and 5 mM for manganese. In the presence of 2 mM Ba2+ or Pb2+, 3 g L-1 nicotine could be completely degraded within 24 h. Moreover, under 0.5 mM Cu2+ or 5 mM Mn2+ stress, 24.13% and 72.56% of nicotine degradation were achieved in 60 h, respectively. Strain NBB tolerances metal stress by various strategies, including morphological changes, up-regulation of macromolecule transporters, cellular response to DNA damage, and down-regulation of ABC transporters. Notably, among the 153 up-regulated genes, cds_821 was identified as manganese exporter (MneA) after gene disruption and recovery experiments. This study presents a novel strain capable of efficiently degrading nicotine and displaying remarkable resistance to heavy metals. The findings of this research provide valuable insights into the potential application of nicotine bioremediation in heavy metal-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenzhao Liu
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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Lin C, Wang Y, Hu G, Yu R, Huang H. Source apportionment and transfer characteristics of Pb in a soil-rice-human system, Jiulong River Basin, southeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 326:121489. [PMID: 36958662 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The source apportionment and transfer of Pb in a paddy soil-rice-human system within the Jiulong River Basin in southeast China was investigated by analyzing (1) the chemical fractionation of Pb in paddy soils using a modified BCR four-step sequential extraction procedure, and (2) the bioaccessibility of Pb in both paddy soils and rice grains using a Simple Bioaccessibility Extraction Test method. In addition, a qualitative Pb isotopic model was used in combination with IsoSource software to quantify the contribution of potential Pb sources. The results show the enrichment of Pb in agro-ecosystems in the Jiulong River Basin. Contaminant Pb in paddy soils was mainly present in the reducible (42.9%) and the residual fractions (27.1%). The average bioaccessibility of Pb in rice grains was significantly higher than that in paddy soil, with values of 77.85% and 37.44%, respectively. Lead in paddy soils was primarily derived from agricultural (35.3%), natural (25.5%), industrial (24.5%) and coal combustion sources (14.7%), while Pb in rice grains was primarily derived from coal combustion (54.1%), agricultural (35.1%), industrial (6.0%) and natural sources (4.8%). The bioaccessible Pb was mainly derived from anthropogenic sources [agricultural (42.3% for soil and 25.3% for grain) and coal combustion sources (25.3% for soil and 59.3% for grain)]. Lead isotopic ratios are an effective tracer of Pb transfer from potential sources to rice plants and within the rice plants. Rice plants absorb Pb from the soil and the atmosphere through the roots and leaves, respectively. Most of the Pb was accumulated in roots. The integrated use of chemical fractionation, bioaccessibility and Pb isotopic data provides an effective method to study the source apportionment and transfer characteristics of Pb in paddy soil-rice-human systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqi Lin
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xianen, 361024, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Universities for Environmental Monitoring, Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Yanyun Wang
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xianen, 361024, China
| | - Gongren Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ruilian Yu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Huabin Huang
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xianen, 361024, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Universities for Environmental Monitoring, Xiamen, 361024, China.
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Liu Z, Bai Y, Gao J, Li J. Driving factors on accumulation of cadmium, lead, copper, zinc in agricultural soil and products of the North China Plain. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7429. [PMID: 37156919 PMCID: PMC10167258 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils concerns food security. By using the Geographical Detector, this study investigated the influence of six types of factors (eleven factors) on the accumulation of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn in agricultural soil and products of the North China Plain and confirmed the dominant factor. The results showed that heavy metals had accumulated in regional agricultural soils and the accumulation of Cd was severe. The accumulation of heavy metals was significantly influenced by policy factors (the management and reduction in usage of fertilizers and pesticides), fertilization factors (application of organic and chemical fertilizers), pesticide factors (application of herbicide and insecticide) and atmospheric deposition factors (heavy metal concentration in atmospheric deposition). The policy factor dominated the other three types of factors. Atmospheric deposition and the excess application of fertilizers and pesticides directly lead to the accumulation of heavy metals. Due to the high concentrations of heavy metals and abundant application amounts, organic fertilizers have contributed high levels of heavy metals to agricultural soils. This study suggests that formulated fertilization and action plans for pesticide reduction could effectively decrease the accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils and products in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control of Yellow River Basin Cities, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Gansu Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Junhong Gao
- Baiyin Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Gansu Province, Baiyin, 730900, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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Zhang J, Ge W, Xing C, Liu Y, Shen X, Zhao B, Chen X, Xu Y, Zhou S. Ecological risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in selenium-rich soil with different land-use types. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023:10.1007/s10653-023-01574-z. [PMID: 37131113 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01574-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Dashan Village area is one of the representative areas in China with high selenium concentration in the natural environment. A total of 133 topsoil samples have been collected in the Dashan Village area to explore the potential toxic elements (PTEs) background concentrations in soils under different land-use types for a comprehensive PTEs risk assessment (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, mercury, nickel, lead, selenium and zinc). The results show that the geometric mean concentrations of As, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se and Zn found in the soil of the Dashan Village area were lower than the control standard for soil contamination risk in agricultural land. However, the geometric mean concentrations of Cd exceeded their corresponding standard values. For different land-use types, geometric mean concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni and Pb in the arable soils were higher than in woodland soils and tea garden soils. Based on the potential ecological risk assessment, the woodland, arable and tea garden were at low-risk levels. Cadmium posed the highest ecological risk, while the other PTEs were of low risk in soils. Multiple statistical analyses and geostatistical analysis indicated that the concentrations of Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn and Se originated mainly from natural sources, while the concentrations of Cd, As and Hg could be influenced by anthropogenic activities. These results provide scientific support for the safe utilization and ecological sustainability of selenium-rich land resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Wen Ge
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Chen Xing
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Yaping Xu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Shoubiao Zhou
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China.
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Lu D, Zhang C, Zhou Z, Huang D, Qin C, Nong Z, Ling C, Zhu Y, Chai X. Pollution characteristics and source identification of farmland soils in Pb-Zn mining areas through an integrated approach. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:2533-2547. [PMID: 36036341 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Long-term mining activities have caused serious heavy metals contamination of farmland soils. In this study, we investigated the concentrations, distributions, accumulations, potential ecological risk, and sources of eight heavy metals in farmland soils of Pb-Zn mining areas. According to the soil standard GB15618-2018, Cd was the most contaminated, followed by Pb and Zn. The geo-accumulation index showed that Pb, Zn, Cd, and Hg accumulated seriously. The potential risk index indicated that Cd, Hg, and Pb were the main environmental risk elements. An integrated approach combining multivariate statistical analysis, PMF, and GIS mapping was used to analyze the sources of heavy metals. Four main sources were identified and quantified: (1) mining activities source, the main source of Cd (71.09%) and Zn (61.88%); (2) agricultural activities source, dominated by Hg (73.01%); (3) atmospheric deposition sources, with Pb (85.11%) as the main contributor; (4) natural source, characterized by Cr (72.96%), Ni (66.04%), As (55.98%) and Cu (37.70%). This study would help us understand the pollution characteristics and sources of farmland soils in mining areas and provide basic information for the next step of pollution control and remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingtian Lu
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Chaolan Zhang
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Zirui Zhou
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Dan Huang
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Chaoke Qin
- China Nonferrous Metal Guilin Research Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources Co. Ltd., Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Zexi Nong
- China Nonferrous Metal Guilin Research Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources Co. Ltd., Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Caiyuan Ling
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yuqi Zhu
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xingle Chai
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Wang H, Zhang B, He Y, Wang H, Zhu Y, Holm PE, Shi Y. Comparing cadmium uptake kinetics, xylem translocation, chemical forms, and subcellular distribution of two tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivars. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114738. [PMID: 36905848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a potential phytoremediator that can reduce soil cadmium (Cd) contamination. Pot and hydroponic experiments were conducted to investigate the difference in absorption kinetics, translocation patterns, accumulation capacity, and extraction amounts between two leading tobacco cultivars in China. We studied the chemical forms and subcellular distribution of Cd in the plants to understand the diversity of the detoxification mechanism of the cultivars. The concentration-dependent kinetics of Cd accumulation in leaves, stems, roots, and xylem sap for cultivars Zhongyan 100 (ZY100) and K326, fitted well with the Michaelis-Menten equation. K326 exhibited high biomass, Cd tolerance, Cd translocation, and phytoextraction abilities. The acetic acid, sodium chloride, and water-extractable fractions accounted for > 90% of Cd in all ZY100 tissues but only in K326 roots and stems. Moreover, the acetic acid and NaCl fractions were the predominant storage forms, while the water fraction was the transport form. The ethanol fraction also contributed significantly to Cd storage in K326 leaves. As the Cd treatment increased, more NaCl and water fractions were found in K326 leaves, while only NaCl fractions increased in ZY100 leaves. For subcellular distribution, > 93% Cd proportions were primarily stored in both cultivars' soluble or cell wall fraction. The proportion of Cd in the cell wall fraction of ZY100 roots was less than that of K326, while that proportion in the soluble fraction in ZY100 leaves was higher than in K326 leaves. These findings demonstrate that Cd accumulation patterns, detoxification, and storage strategies differ between the cultivars, providing a deeper understanding of Cd tolerance and accumulation mechanism in tobacco plants. It also guides the screening of germplasm resources or gene modification to improve the Cd phytoextraction efficiency of tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Haiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yuan He
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Haohao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Peter E Holm
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), Denmark
| | - Yi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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11
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Luo Y, Wang Z, Zhang ZL, Huang FY, Jia WJ, Zhang JQ, Feng XY. Characteristics and source analysis of potentially toxic elements pollution in atmospheric fallout around non-ferrous metal smelting slag sites-taking southwest China as an example. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:7813-7824. [PMID: 36044134 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22744-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
More accurate source analysis of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in atmospheric fallout that endanger biodiversity and human health remains needed. This study determined the concentrations of seven PTEs, including Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cr, by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the sources of PTE pollution were quantified using multivariate statistical analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), and Pearson correlation analysis, and Moran index was applied for mutual verification and supplementation. PCA and CA revealed that the same mixed sources of Pb, Cd, As, Cu, and Zn were found in the atmospheric dust fall in the study area, while Ni and Cr had the same source of pollution. Pearson correlation analysis provided that there were strong correlations between Pb-Cd, Pb-As, Pb-Cu, Cd-As, Cd-Cu, As-Cu, and Ni-Cr, indicating commonality between the two sources of heavy metal pollution. Additionally, the Moran index showed that strong spatial correlations were observed between Pb, Cd, As, Cu, and Zn, whose sources were mainly related to non-ferrous metal processing smelter smelting slag sites and an environmental company in the study area. However, no spatial correlation was found between Ni and Cr, which mainly originated from the local geological background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, China.
| | - Zhen-Long Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, China
| | - Feng-Yu Huang
- School of Environment and Resources, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan, 615000, China
| | - Wen-Jing Jia
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, China
| | - Jia-Qian Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, China
| | - Xi-Yang Feng
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, China
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12
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Broad learning system with Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy subsystem for tobacco origin identification based on near infrared spectroscopy. Appl Soft Comput 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2022.109970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Espinoza-Guillen JA, Alderete-Malpartida MB, Escobar-Mendoza JE, Navarro-Abarca UF, Silva-Castro KA, Martinez-Mercado PL. Identifying contamination of heavy metals in soils of Peruvian Amazon plain: use of multivariate statistical techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:817. [PMID: 36131105 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Peruvian Amazon plain has abundant natural resources and is home to great biodiversity, which makes it an area with high economic potential. However, the use of its resources through various activities has contributed to the release of heavy metals (HMs) into its soils, generating severe pollution problems which have mainly affected the health of local populations and their ecosystems. Currently, there are no comprehensive studies that have identified the specific sources of contamination by HMs in the soils of this part of the Peruvian territory. In this sense, this research aims to identify the possible sources of contamination by HMs in the soils of the Peruvian Amazon plain to focus efforts on the establishment of adequate measures for the protection of the health of people and the ecosystem. In the present study, samples of topsoils (0-20 cm depth) and subsoils (100-150 cm depth) were collected for the analysis of 11 HMs (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Zn, Be, and Hg) in 48 sites located in four regions of the Peruvian Amazon plain (Loreto, Amazonas, San Martín, and Ucayali), over the year 2019. The enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index were applied to assess contamination levels of HMs. The results indicated that topsoils and subsoils presented a greater enrichment by the elements Be and Pb, and were classified as moderately contaminated. Likewise, the integral analysis of these indexes together with principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, correlation analysis, and coefficient of variation allowed the identification of potential sources of contamination by HMs. As a result, Fe, Co, Zn, Ni, V, and Cr were associated with natural or lithogenic sources (parent material, crude oil deposits, and organic matter decomposition). Hg was attributed to anthropogenic sources (illegal gold mining, atmospheric deposition, and vehicle emissions). Be, Pb, Cu, and Mn originated from natural sources (parent material, crude oil deposits, decomposition of organic matter, and forest fires) and anthropogenic (areas degraded by solid waste, illegal gold mining, agriculture, and hydrocarbons). These findings provide essential information to establish regulations and prevent and control HM contamination in soils of the Peruvian Amazon plain.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Abel Espinoza-Guillen
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima, Perú.
| | | | - Jessica Emily Escobar-Mendoza
- Departamento Académico de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima, Perú
| | - Ursula Fiorela Navarro-Abarca
- Departamento Académico de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima, Perú
| | - Katya Angelot Silva-Castro
- Departamento Académico de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima, Perú
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14
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Wan F, Teng Y, Zhang X, Yu L, Pan H, Wang H, Yang Q, Lou Y, Zhuge Y. Pollution assessment, source identification, and health risks of heavy metals: a case study in a typical wheat-maize rotation area of eastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:2669-2684. [PMID: 34398366 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Winter-wheat-summer-maize rotations are important cropping patterns in China, and the quality of the food produced from these systems can affect human health. However, the effects of heavy metal pollution on both crops remain unclear. We analyzed soil-wheat and soil-maize samples from eastern China for their Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, and Pb contents. The concentrations of these metals in the soils analyzed were found to be lower than those recommended by the national guidelines, but the Cd, Cr, Cu, and Ni concentrations were higher than the natural soil background values in China. Quality indices showed that subpollution was predominant in wheat/maize (95.00%/81.25%) samples. Positive matrix factorization model data revealed that the contributions from natural sources, agricultural activities, and traffic to the heavy metal pollution levels were 30.40-43.07%, 34.67-26.63%, and 34.92-30.27%, respectively, in the wheat-maize rotations. Although the health hazard quotient values for wheat were higher than those for maize, there were no health risks for children or adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Soil Geochemistry, Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Geological Prospecting, Shandong Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Yongbo Teng
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Soil Geochemistry, Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Geological Prospecting, Shandong Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Xiuwen Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Soil Geochemistry, Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Geological Prospecting, Shandong Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Linsong Yu
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Soil Geochemistry, Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Geological Prospecting, Shandong Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Pan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Quangang Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yanhong Lou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
| | - Yuping Zhuge
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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15
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Cong L, Zhou S, Niyogi D, Wu Y, Yan G, Dai L, Liu S, Zhang Z, Hu Y. Concentrations and isotopic analysis for the sources and transfer of lead in an urban atmosphere-plant-soil system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 311:114771. [PMID: 35248929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lead pollution has attracted significant attention over the years. However, research on the transfer of lead between urban atmospheric particles, soils, and plants remains rare. We measured lead concentrations and lead isotope ratios in total suspended particles (TSP), soil, and plants in an urban wetland in Beijing. The study period was September 2016-August 2017- covering all four seasons. The concentrations of lead in the atmospheric particles vary from 3.13 to 6.68 mg/m3. It is significantly higher in autumn than that in spring and summer (P < 0.05). There is also a significant difference between summer and winter (P < 0.05). The soil lead concentrations range from 57 to 114 mg/kg, with the highest concentration in spring, followed by summer, winter and autumn. The lead concentrations are 1.28-7.75 mg/kg in plants. The concentration was highest in spring and significantly higher than in summer. The bioaccumulation factor of Phragmites australis was 0.064 (<0.1), indicating that lead is not easily transferred to plants. Unlike the bioaccumulation factors, translocation factors have much higher values, indicating a higher transfer within the plants. Results also indicate an interesting seasonal pattern with almost 97% of lead in plants during spring being of atmospheric origin, whereas in autumn, soilborne sources contribute almost 94%. The isotopic compositions of lead in the urban atmosphere-soil-plant system show that lead pollution results from the mixing of geogenic and anthropogenic materials. Vehicle exhaust, crustal rocks and ore deposits are likely primary sources of lead pollution within the study domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Cong
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shijun Zhou
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dev Niyogi
- Department of Agronomy and Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, And Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Yanan Wu
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Guoxin Yan
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Liyi Dai
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Songyang Liu
- Xi 'an International Port Park City Appearance Garden and Ecological Environment Bureau, Xi'an, 610026, China
| | - Zhenming Zhang
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yuanhui Hu
- Department of International Cooperation and International Cooperation Project Center, National Forestry and Grass Administration, Beijing, 100714, China.
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16
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Wei W, Nghiem A, Ma R, Sun Z, Gong X, Zhou A, Prommer H. Factors controlling iodine enrichment in a coastal plain aquifer in the North Jiangsu Yishusi Plain, China. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2021; 243:103894. [PMID: 34628141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Iodine is an essential micronutrient in the human diet and an appropriate human iodine intake level is important for population health. Excessive iodine intake is often associated with high iodine groundwater which serves as an important drinking water source in many regions. This study aims to identify the source and key hydrogeochemical processes for iodine accumulation and mobility in the groundwaters of the Northern Jiangsu Yishusi Plain. Combined hydrogeochemical and statistical analyses, specifically random forest modeling and factor analysis, were used to explore the mechanisms affecting the spatial distribution of iodine. The concentration of iodine in the investigated groundwaters was found to vary widely and to range between 4.8 and 4750 μg/L, with 48.9% of the total samples (674) exceeding the threshold value of 100 μg/L for toxic exposure, as defined by the Chinese high‑iodine standard guideline. High iodine concentrations are shown to mainly occur in the marine plain and the shallow aquifer associated with the floodplains of the Old Yellow River. The marine or lagoons-facies sediments were identified as the most plausible iodine source. In addition, mixing of groundwater with paleo-seawater might also have played a role in the coastal area. In contrast, the flood sediments of the Old Yellow River are shown to be an unlikely source. However, they serve as a cover layer that favored the development of reducing hydrogeochemical conditions that can trigger iodine mobilization via the reductive dissolution of iron oxides and the degradation of organic matter. Slow groundwater flow rates also appear to favor iodine release from sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Wei
- Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Athena Nghiem
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, NY 10964, USA; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rui Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies and State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Ziyong Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies and State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xulong Gong
- Jiangsu Province Geological Survey, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiguo Zhou
- Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Henning Prommer
- CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag No. 5, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia; School of Earth Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
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17
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Su Z, Zeng Y, Li X, Perumal AB, Zhu J, Lu X, Dai M, Liu X, Lin F. The Endophytic Fungus Piriformospora Indica-Assisted Alleviation of Cadmium in Tobacco. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7080675. [PMID: 34436214 PMCID: PMC8398633 DOI: 10.3390/jof7080675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that the endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica helps plants overcome various abiotic stresses, especially heavy metals. However, the mechanism of heavy metal tolerance has not yet been elucidated. Here, the role of P. indica in alleviating cadmium (Cd) toxicities in tobacco was investigated. It was found that P. indica improved Cd tolerance to tobacco, increasing Cd accumulation in roots but decreasing Cd accumulation in leaves. The colonization of P. indica altered the subcellular repartition of Cd, increasing the Cd proportion in cell walls while reducing the Cd proportion in membrane/organelle and soluble fractions. During Cd stress, P. indica significantly enhanced the peroxidase (POD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content in tobacco. The spatial distribution of GSH was further visualized by Raman spectroscopy, showing that GSH was distributed in the cortex of P. indica-inoculated roots while in the epidermis of the control roots. A LC-MS/MS-based label-free quantitative technique evaluated the differential proteomics of P. indica treatment vs. control plants under Cd stress. The expressions of peroxidase, glutathione synthase, and photosynthesis-related proteins were significantly upregulated. This study provided extensive evidence for how P. indica enhances Cd tolerance in tobacco at physiological, cytological, and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhu Su
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Yulan Zeng
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaoli Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.L.); (A.B.P.)
| | - Anand Babu Perumal
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.L.); (A.B.P.)
| | - Jianan Zhu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Xuanjun Lu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Mengdi Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Fucheng Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (X.L.)
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-8640-4007
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18
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Buta M, Hubeny J, Zieliński W, Harnisz M, Korzeniewska E. Sewage sludge in agriculture - the effects of selected chemical pollutants and emerging genetic resistance determinants on the quality of soil and crops - a review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 214:112070. [PMID: 33652361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In line with sustainable development principles and in order to combat climate change, which contributes to progressive soil depletion, various solutions are being sought to use treated sewage sludge as a soil amendment to improve soil quality and enrich arable soils with adequate amounts of biogenic compounds. This review article focuses on the effects of the agricultural use of biosolids on the environment. The article reviews the existing knowledge on selected emerging contaminants in treated sewage sludge and describes the impact of these pollutants on the environment and living organisms based on 183 publications selected from over 16,000 papers on related topics published over the last ten years. This study deals not only with chemical contaminants but also genetic determinants of resistance to these compounds. Current research has questioned the agricultural use of biosolids due to the presence of mutual interactions between antibiotics, heavy metals, the genetic determinants of resistance (antibiotic resistance genes - ARGs and heavy metal resistance genes - HMRGs) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as well as the risks associated with their transfer to the environment. This study emphasizes the need for more extensive legal regulations that account for other pollutants of environmental concern (PEC), particularly in countries where sewage sludge is applied in agriculture most extensively. Future research should focus on more effective methods of eliminating PEC from sewage sludge, especially from the sludge that is used to fertilize agricultural land, because even small amounts of these micropollutants can have serious implications for the health and life of humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Buta
- Department of Water Protection Engineering and Environmental Microbiology, The Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 1 Str., 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jakub Hubeny
- Department of Water Protection Engineering and Environmental Microbiology, The Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 1 Str., 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wiktor Zieliński
- Department of Water Protection Engineering and Environmental Microbiology, The Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 1 Str., 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Monika Harnisz
- Department of Water Protection Engineering and Environmental Microbiology, The Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 1 Str., 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ewa Korzeniewska
- Department of Water Protection Engineering and Environmental Microbiology, The Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 1 Str., 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland.
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19
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Yang J, Wang H, Li Y, Shi Y, Li D, Holm PE, Ou Q, Hu W. Quantitative source apportionment, risk assessment and distribution of heavy metals in agricultural soils from southern Shandong Peninsula of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:144879. [PMID: 33550057 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metals, including cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and the metalloid arsenic (As) were detected in surface and core soil samples collected from a tobacco growing region in Shandong Peninsula on the east coast of China to evaluate their pollution levels, ecological and health risks, and to analyze their spatial and vertical distributions. The heavy metal sources were identified quantitatively using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model. In accordance, most of the soils did not have accumulations and were not contaminated by As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. High accumulations of Cd and Hg occurred in the soils, posing an ecological risk to the local agricultural environment, while Cr and Ni levels presented a carcinogenic health risk to humans. Four main sources of heavy metals in the soils were identified. Correspondingly Ni and Cr were mainly originated from natural sources, Hg from coal combustion, Cd from agricultural practices, Cu, Pb, and Zn from agricultural practices and industrial activities, and As from industrial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jiashuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Haiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yile Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Decheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Peter E Holm
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), China
| | - Quan Ou
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Wenyou Hu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Keshavarzi A, Kumar V, Ertunç G, Brevik EC. Ecological risk assessment and source apportionment of heavy metals contamination: an appraisal based on the Tellus soil survey. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:2121-2142. [PMID: 33392900 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00787-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is imperative to comprehend the level and spatial distribution of soil pollution with heavy metals to find sustainable management approaches for affected soils. Selected heavy metals (Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, As, Co, and Cd) and physiochemical parameters were appraised for 620 samples from industrial, agricultural and urban sites in Northern Ireland using the Tellus database. The findings of this study showed that among the analyzed heavy metals, Mn content was the highest and Cd content the lowest. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that heavy metals were highly correlated with each other, signifying similar sources for the heavy metals. Mixed factors (anthropogenic and lithogenic) were responsible for the contribution of heavy metals as revealed by multivariate statistical analysis. The results of contamination factor and enrichment factor analyses suggest that As, Cd, and Pb showed very high risk for pollution in the study area. The geoaccumulation index revealed that with the exception of Cd, all analyzed heavy metals showed severe accumulation in the soils. The potential and modified ecological risk indices inferred that Cd, As, and Pb represented ecological threats in the soils of Northern Ireland. The findings of this study will aid in forming approaches to decrease the risks associated with heavy metals in industrial, urban and agricultural soils, and help create guidelines to protect the environment from long-term accumulation of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Keshavarzi
- Laboratory of Remote Sensing and GIS, Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran, P.O.Box: 4111, 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Mining Engineering, Hacettepe University, 06800, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Ramban, Jammu, 182144, India
| | - Güneş Ertunç
- Department of Mining Engineering, Hacettepe University, 06800, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eric C Brevik
- Departments of Natural Sciences and Agriculture and Technical Studies, Dickinson State University, 291 Campus Drive, Dickinson, ND, 58061, USA.
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An integrated approach for spatial distribution of potentially toxic elements (Cu, Pb and Zn) in topsoil. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7806. [PMID: 33833253 PMCID: PMC8032728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86937-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, statistical analysis and spatial distribution were performed to compare raw data and centred log-ratio (clr) transformed data of three copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) potentially toxic elements (PTEs) concentration for 550 surface soil samples in Khuzestan plain. The results of both approaches showed that classical univariate analysis and compositional data analysis are essential to find the real structure of data and clarify its different aspects. Results also indicated that spatial distributions of raw data and clr-transformed data were completely different in three studied metals. Raw data necessarily shows the effects of anthropogenic activities and needs an additional evaluation of human health risk assessment for these three studied elements. Data obtained from clr-coefficient maps also demonstrated the role of geological processes in the distribution pattern of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). To improve the understanding of the implications for PTE pollution and consequences for human health, a RGB colour composite map was produce to identify the potential origin of PTEs from areas with higher than typical baseline concentrations.
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Fei X, Lou Z, Xiao R, Ren Z, Lv X. Contamination assessment and source apportionment of heavy metals in agricultural soil through the synthesis of PMF and GeogDetector models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 747:141293. [PMID: 32777512 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in soils has attracted great attention worldwide in recent decades. Selecting Hangzhou as a case study location, this research proposed the synthesis application of positive matrix factorization (PMF) and GeogDetector models for quantitative analysis of pollution sources, which is the basis for subsequent soil pollution prevention and remediation. In total, 2150 surface soil samples were collected across the study area. Although the mean concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb in the soils were lower than the National Environmental Quality Standards for Soils in China, the mean contents of As and Cd were higher than their corresponding local background values by approximately 1.31 and 1.59 times, respectively, indicating that heavy metals have been enriched in topsoil. Agricultural activities, industrial activities, and soil parent materials were the main sources of heavy metal pollution in the soils, accounting for 63.4%, 19.8%, and 16.8% of the total heavy metal accumulation, respectively. Cr was derived mainly from soil parent materials (80.72%). Cd was closely associated with agricultural activities (73.68%), such as sewage irrigation and application of fertilizer. Mercury was mainly attributed to industrial activities (92.38%), such as coal mining and smelting. As was related to agricultural (57.83%) and natural (35.56%) sources, and Pb was associated with industrial (42.42%) and natural (41.83%) sources. The new synthesis models are useful for estimating the source apportionment of heavy metals in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Fei
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability of Agriculture Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China.
| | - Zhaohan Lou
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhouqiao Ren
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability of Agriculture Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Xiaonan Lv
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability of Agriculture Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
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Sun R, Yang J, Xia P, Wu S, Lin T, Yi Y. Contamination features and ecological risks of heavy metals in the farmland along shoreline of Caohai plateau wetland, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126828. [PMID: 32334265 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metal (Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Hg) contents and their ecological risks in the farmland along the shoreline of the Caohai wetland were investigated. Incubation experiments were also conducted to characterize the emission of heavy metals across soil-water interface if the farmland was reclaimed to wetland. The results showed that spatial distribution characteristics of these heavy metal contents were significantly different. Concentrations of Cd, Zn, and Hg were higher than the corresponding geochemical background levels. Ecological risk assessment suggested that the farmland along the shoreline of Caohai wetland were characterized by non-pollution or slight pollution of Pb, Cr, and Cu, moderate pollution of Cd, slight to moderate pollution of Hg, and slight pollution of Zn. Emission rates of Cd, Zn, and Hg across soil/sediment-water interface first increased, then decreased and finally reached equilibrium after the farmland soil was submersed. The contribution-rates of Cd, Zn, and Hg transferring from sediment to overlying water were calculated to be 12.7%, 14.8%, and 10.4%, respectively. We conclude that environmental issues caused by heavy metals, especially by Cd, Zn, and Hg, in the farmland along the shoreline of the Caohai wetland should be paid great attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongguo Sun
- Guizhou Key Laboratory for Mountainous Environmental Information and Ecological Protection, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, PR China; College of Chemistry and Material, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory for Mountainous Environmental Information and Ecological Protection, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, PR China
| | - Pinhua Xia
- Guizhou Key Laboratory for Mountainous Environmental Information and Ecological Protection, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, PR China.
| | - Shengli Wu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory for Mountainous Environmental Information and Ecological Protection, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, PR China
| | - Tao Lin
- Guizhou Key Laboratory for Mountainous Environmental Information and Ecological Protection, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, PR China
| | - Yin Yi
- Guizhou Key Laboratory for Mountainous Environmental Information and Ecological Protection, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, PR China; The State Key Laboratory of Southwest Karst Mountain Biodiversity Conservation of Forestry and Grassland Administration, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, PR China.
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Liu Y, Cui J, Peng Y, Lu Y, Yao D, Yang J, He Y. Atmospheric deposition of hazardous elements and its accumulation in both soil and grain of winter wheat in a lead-zinc smelter contaminated area, Central China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 707:135789. [PMID: 31865082 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous elements (HEs) and its deposition from atmosphere have become a major healthy and environmental concern worldwide, however, the risks to food safety of deposited HE are still largely unknown, especially for wheat grains (Triticum aestivum L.). This research was to characterize atmospheric deposition of high HEs [such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As)] at deposited site (TS) and assess its impacts on the soil and winter wheat accumulation in a lead‑zinc smelter contaminated area of Central China. Results indicated that deposited As, Cd and Pb at TS site were 31.15, 15.94 and 281.86 mg m-2 during the winter wheat growing season, contributing 86.9%, 81.7% and 80.4% to the annual total, respectively. Most of deposited HEs were retained in top 35-cm soil, resulting in soil Cd concentration above the national soil regulatory limit (0.6 mg kg-1; GB 15618-2018). The newly deposited HEs could contribute 57.7-88.2% and 16.2-29.1% to total HEs of wheat grains in clean soil based on a soil transplanted experiment and in contaminated soil based on a two-year in-situ experiment, respectively. Moreover, the newly deposited HEs significantly increased HE concentration of wheat grain by 22.9-57.5% in the contaminated soil when an immobilizing amendment were applied (p < 0.05), and grain Cd concentration exceeded the national grain limit (0.1 mg kg-1; GB 2762-2017). Thus, deposited HE could be accumulated in soil and wheat grain and decrease the remediation effectiveness of passivation amendments in contaminated soils, which would raise a public awareness of HE deposition and provide a scientific data in support of environmental pollution control and remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbing Liu
- National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Geochemistry, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jian Cui
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden, Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Ying Peng
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China
| | - Yifu Lu
- Institute of Environmental Science of Jiyuan City, Jiyuan 459000, China
| | - Dongrui Yao
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden, Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - John Yang
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Lincoln University of Missouri, Jefferson City, MO 65201, USA
| | - Yue He
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the Pepople's Republic of China, Nanjing 210042, China
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Humic Acid Reduces the Available Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in Soil and Their Uptake by Tobacco. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10031077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a crop that is able to accumulate metals. In this study, humic acid was selected as a Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn passivator, and added to calcareous field soil in amounts of 6.4, 10.3, and 14.8 kg·ha−1. Its impact on the soil fractions of the metals in the soil was extracted by the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction method, and their accumulation of the metals in tobacco leaves was investigated. Application of 14.8 kg·ha−1 humic acid decreased the DTPA-extracted concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu by 39%, 37%, 29%, and 18%, respectively, as compared with untreated soil. The fractions of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in soil were extracted by the BCR sequential extraction method, and the relationship between the difference metal fractions in the soil and the metal contents in the plant materials were analyzed. The exchangeable fractions of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn and the reducible fractions of Pb and Cu are the main bioavailable fractions. Additionally, the reducible fractions of Cd and Zn, the oxidizable fractions of Pb, Cu, and Zn, and all residual fractions of metals were nonbioavailable fractions in the soil. The soils were treated with humic acid (HA) to shift bioavailable metals to stable phases that were less bioavailable. The available Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn were strongly retained in the soil after the application of humic acid, which decreased the uptake in tobacco in the upper, middle, and lower leaves.
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26
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Fei X, Christakos G, Xiao R, Ren Z, Liu Y, Lv X. Improved heavy metal mapping and pollution source apportionment in Shanghai City soils using auxiliary information. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 661:168-177. [PMID: 30669049 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Soil heavy metal pollution can be a serious threat to human health and the environment. The accurate mapping of the spatial distribution of soil heavy metal pollutant concentrations enables the detection of high pollution areas and facilitates pollution source apportionment and control. To make full use of auxiliary soil properties information and show that they can improve mapping, a synthesis of the Bayesian Maximum Entropy (BME) theory and the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model is proposed and implemented in the study of the Shanghai City soils (China). The results showed that, compared to traditional techniques, the proposed BME-GWR synthesis has certain important advantages: (a) it integrates heavy metal measurements and auxiliary information on a sound theoretical basis, and (b) it performs better in terms of both prediction accuracy and implementation flexibility (including the assimilation of multiple data sources). Based on the heavy metal concentration maps generated by BME-GWR, we found that the As, Cr and Pb concentration levels are high in the eastern part of Shanghai, whereas high Cd concentration levels were observed in the northwestern part of the city. Organic carbon and pH were significantly correlated with most of the heavy metals in Shanghai soils. We concluded that Cd pollution is mainly the result of agricultural activities, and that the Cr pollution is attributed to natural sources, whereas Pb and As have compound pollution sources. Future studies should investigate the implementation of BME-GWR in the case of space-time heavy metal mapping and its ability to integrate human activity information and soil category variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Fei
- Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability of Agriculture Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China.
| | - George Christakos
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, China; Department of Geography, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rui Xiao
- School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhouqiao Ren
- Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability of Agriculture Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaonan Lv
- Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Information Traceability of Agriculture Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
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27
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Cai LM, Wang QS, Wen HH, Luo J, Wang S. Heavy metals in agricultural soils from a typical township in Guangdong Province, China: Occurrences and spatial distribution. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 168:184-191. [PMID: 30388535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
To investigate contamination level, origins and spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Hg, Ni, Cd, As, and Cr) in agricultural soils of Gaogang Town, a typical industrial transfer-undertaking region of the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China, a total of 162 surface soil samples were collected in August 2016 and determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Moreover, heavy metals contents were systematically analyzed by pollution index, enrichment factor, multivariate statistical approaches and geostatistical analysis. The results showed that the mean concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cu and Hg were higher than the soil background values of Guangdong Province, and the relatively high values of pollution index and enrichment factor indicated that these elements (Cd, Pb, Zn and Hg) had cumulative trends in soil. All results of multivariate statistical approaches and geostatistical analysis showed that pollution were heavily distributed in areas of industries, river and dense road network. The eight heavy metals in agricultural soils of Gaogang Town came from three different sources. Arsenic, Cr, Cu and Ni arose mainly from parent materials. Agricultural practices and traffic activities were the main sources of Cd, Pb and Zn. Mercury mainly came from industrial practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Mei Cai
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China; Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qiu-Shuang Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China; Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Han-Hui Wen
- No. 940 Branch of Geology Bureau for Nonferrous Metals of Guangdong Provinces, Qingyuan 511500, China
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Liu H, Wang H, Zhang Y, Wang H, Yang J, Liu J, Shi Y. Comparison of heavy metal accumulation and cadmium phytoextraction rates among ten leading tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivars in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:699-706. [PMID: 30656970 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1556589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination is one of the most serious global environmental problems, and phytoremediation, which uses Cd-accumulator plants, is potentially one of the sustainable solutions. Pot experiments with natural and Cd-amended soils were conducted to investigate the accumulation of heavy metals in 10 leading cultivars of tobacco in China. The extraction ability and profiles of Cd accumulation among plant organs were also analyzed. The tobacco roots accumulated cobalt, nickel, and Cd, while the leaf highly bioaccumulated Cd and lowly accumulated zinc, selenium and mercury. The transport from the tobacco stem to the leaf plays a critical role in the accumulation of these elements. The ratios of Cd concentration in the leaves at lower, middle and upper positions were comparatively stable. The high Cd-extracting cultivars were "Hongda", "NC89" and "Zhongyan 100" when grown in normal soils, "CuiBi 1" and "Hongda" in moderately contaminated soils, and "YuYan 87", "LongJiang 851" and "K326" in severely contaminated soils. Tobacco leaves could accumulate about 80% of the total Cd extracted from the soil by the plant. Considering the Cd-extraction limitations exhibited by leading tobacco cultivars, screening of germplasm resources for high or low levels of Cd-accumulation is still an important target for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing (Ministry of Agriculture) , Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Qingdao , Shandong Province , China
| | - Haiyun Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing (Ministry of Agriculture) , Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Qingdao , Shandong Province , China
| | - Yan Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing (Ministry of Agriculture) , Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Qingdao , Shandong Province , China
| | - Haohao Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing (Ministry of Agriculture) , Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Qingdao , Shandong Province , China
| | - Jiashuo Yang
- a Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing (Ministry of Agriculture) , Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Qingdao , Shandong Province , China
| | - Jikun Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing (Ministry of Agriculture) , Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Qingdao , Shandong Province , China
| | - Yi Shi
- a Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing (Ministry of Agriculture) , Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Qingdao , Shandong Province , China
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Liu F, Zheng B, Zheng Y, Mo X, Li D. Accumulation risk and sources of heavy metals in supratidal wetlands along the west coast of the Bohai Sea. RSC Adv 2019; 9:30615-30627. [PMID: 35529360 PMCID: PMC9072157 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05332h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The heavy metals Al, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, As, and Cd in the rainfall-driven supratidal wetlands along the west coast of the Bohai Sea (the areas are named site 1, site 2, site 3, and site 4 from south to north in the gradient in this study) are tested for their accumulation risks and sources. Results show that the distribution and enrichment of the heavy metals in the supratidal wetlands are lower in site 1 than in sites 2–4. The risk indices (RIs) of all sites are less than 150, indicating low–moderate risk. However, the RI values are primarily dominated by the risk indices (Eri) of As and Cd. The accumulative contribution values of Eri-As and Eri-Cd in sites 1, 2, 3, and 4 are 79.05%, 77.80%, 80.54%, and 76.43%, respectively. Additionally, the contamination degree (Cd) and the Nemero comprehensive pollution index (PN) of the supratidal wetland in site 1 are 6.86 and 0.74 respectively, indicating a low-risk state. By contrast, the Cd and PN values of the other three supratidal wetlands are higher than those of site 1, suggesting an increasing accumulation risk for heavy metals in sites 2, 3 and 4. Our analysis indicates that the heavy metals Al, Cr, Mn, and Fe in all the supratidal wetlands mainly originate from the weathering of rocks and their parent materials. Pb is significantly correlated with anthropogenic activities, while Cu, As, and Cd are likely induced by anthropogenic activities and atmospheric deposition. The sources of Ni and Zn should be determined on the basis of the situation of the wetland and its surrounding areas. For example, Ni is mainly affected by anthropogenic activities in site 2, whereas the origins of Ni are soil parent materials or atmospheric depositions in sites 1, 3, and 4. Our results can provide data to support the utilization strategy and sustainable development plans for marine space resources on the coast of the Bohai Sea. The accumulation risk and sources for heavy metals Al, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, As, and Cd were analysed in rainfall-driven supratidal wetlands.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fude Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Safety Disposal and Recycling Technology
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
- China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Safety Disposal and Recycling Technology
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
- China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Safety Disposal and Recycling Technology
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
- China
| | - Xue Mo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Safety Disposal and Recycling Technology
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
- China
| | - Desheng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Safety Disposal and Recycling Technology
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
- China
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Effects of Mining Activities on the Release of Heavy Metals (HMs) in a Typical Mountain Headwater Region, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15091987. [PMID: 30213099 PMCID: PMC6165501 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the heavy metal (HM) contamination in alpine mountain headwaters regions is important to maintaining the ecosystem stability of the basin. A total of 119 water samples and 104 sediment samples were collected along tributaries and the main course of Heihe River. The concentrations of eight heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in water and sediment were measured to describe their spatial variability and to assess water quality. To identify the origins and pathways of HMs, anions, cations, and trace elements, as well as δD/δ18O stable isotopes in water samples were also measured. The results of water quality assessment suggested that tributaries were affected by local mining activity. Factor analysis in sediments showed that all HMs in sediments were inherited from the parent bedrock. Both natural weathering and mining contribute HMs. Cr and Ni were homologous with a source from the weathering of basic gabbro and serpentine at Yushigou. Mn appeared to be influenced more by artificial activities such as agriculture and grazing. Depending on the mining technique involved, two pathways for the release of HMs were distinguished in this area. For open-pit mining, mining promoted the release of HMs primarily via enhanced weathering. For underground mining, HMs might have contributed to greater acid mine discharge at high elevations due to the weak weathering processes. As the elevation decreases, precipitation increases, and a series of complex hydrological factor significantly affect leaching and runoff. The study results can be applied to improve water management efficiency.
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Liu H, Wang H, Zhang Y, Yuan J, Peng Y, Li X, Shi Y, He K, Zhang Q. Risk assessment, spatial distribution, and source apportionment of heavy metals in Chinese surface soils from a typically tobacco cultivated area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:16852-16863. [PMID: 29619639 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1866-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the surface soils of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) fields in Jiangxi Province were analyzed, and the mean heavy metal concentrations were 3.55, 0.19, 25.89, 14.96, 0.25, 10.89, 27.80, and 44.00 mg/kg, respectively. Spatial distribution analysis showed that the highest concentrations were recorded in the north-western, south-western, and mid-eastern parts of the study area. The index of geo-accumulation and pollution index indicated modest enrichment with Cd and Hg, which were the only two metals posing a potentially high ecological risk to the local agricultural environment. The health risk assessment showed no considerable non-carcinogenic or carcinogenic risks for children and adults from these elements. The principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) found that the variations in the Cr and Ni concentrations were largely on account of the soil parent rocks, but the As, Cd, Cu, and Hg variations in the soil were largely owing to agricultural practices of years. However, the main factor influencing Pb and Zn was atmospheric deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266101, China.
| | - Haiyun Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Jumin Yuan
- Jiangxi Institute of Tobacco Science, Nanchang, 330025, China
| | - Yaodong Peng
- Jiangxi Institute of Tobacco Science, Nanchang, 330025, China
| | - Xiuchun Li
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Kuanxin He
- Jiangxi Institute of Tobacco Science, Nanchang, 330025, China
| | - Qiming Zhang
- Jiangxi Institute of Tobacco Science, Nanchang, 330025, China.
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