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Yang Y, Li Y, Li R, Wang Z. Research progress on arsenic, arsenic-containing medicinal materials, and arsenic-containing preparations: clinical application, pharmacological effects, and toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1338725. [PMID: 38495096 PMCID: PMC10943982 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1338725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The toxicity of arsenic is widely recognized globally, mainly harming human health by polluting water, soil, and food. However, its formulations can also be used for the clinical treatment of diseases such as leukemia and tumors. Arsenic has been used as a drug in China for over 2,400 years, with examples such as the arsenic-containing drug realgar mentioned in Shennong's Herbal Classic. We have reviewed references on arsenic over the past thirty years and found that research has mainly focused on clinical, pharmacological, and toxicological aspects. Results and Discussion: The finding showed that in clinical practice, arsenic trioxide is mainly used in combination with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) at a dose of 10 mg/d for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL); realgar can be used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and lymphoma. In terms of pharmacology, arsenic mainly exerts anti-tumor effects. The dosage range of the action is 0.01-80 μmol/L, and the concentration of arsenic in most studies does not exceed 20 μmol/L. The pharmacological effects of realgar include antiviral activity, inhibition of overactivated lactate dehydrogenase, and resistance to malaria parasites. In terms of toxicity, arsenic is toxic to multiple systems in a dose-dependent manner. For example, 5 μmol/L sodium arsenite can induce liver oxidative damage and promote the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, and 15 μmol/L sodium arsenite induces myocardial injury; when the concentration is higher, it is more likely to cause toxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichu Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiye Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- College of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- College of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Man J, Zhang Q, Zhao T, Sun D, Sun W, Long K, Zhang Z. Oxidative Stress Induced by Arsenite is Involved in YTHDF2 Phase Separation. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:885-899. [PMID: 37310554 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03728-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2 (YTHDF2) undergoes phase separation in response to the stimulation of high concentration of arsenite, suggesting that oxidative stress, the major mechanism of arsenite toxicity, may play a role in YTHDF2 phase separation. However, whether arsenite-induced oxidative stress is involved in phase separation of YTHDF2 has yet to be established. To explore the effect of arsenite-induced oxidative stress on YTHDF2 phase separation, the levels of oxidative stress, YTHDF2 phase separation, and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in human keratinocytes were detected after exposure to various concentrations of sodium arsenite (0-500 µM; 1 h) and antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (0-10 mM; 2 h). We found that arsenite promoted oxidative stress and YTHDF2 phase separation in a concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine significantly relieved arsenate-induced oxidative stress and inhibited YTHDF2 phase separation. As one of the key factors to YTHDF2 phase separation, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels in human keratinocytes were significantly increased after arsenite exposure, accompanied by upregulation of m6A methylesterase levels and downregulation of m6A demethylases levels. On the contrary, N-acetylcysteine mitigated the arsenite-induced increase of m6A and m6A methylesterase and the arsenite-induced decrease in m6A demethylase. Collectively, our study firstly revealed that oxidative stress induced by arsenite plays an important role in YTHDF2 phase separation driven by m6A modification, which provides new insights into the arsenite toxicity from the phase-separation perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Man
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianhe Zhao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Donglei Sun
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Weilian Sun
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Keyan Long
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zunzhen Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Jhuang JR, Lee CH, Chiang CJ, Chen CJ, Lee WC. Reduced burden of Arsenic-Related cancers after water mitigation in Taiwan. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108542. [PMID: 38461779 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence has demonstrated an association between arsenic in drinking water and increased cancer incidence. This population-based study investigates the impact of a tap water supply system installation in Blackfoot disease-endemic regions of Taiwan on cancer incidence. METHODS By using the Taiwan Cancer Registry dataset, we enrolled patients aged 40-84 diagnosed with arsenic-related cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma, small and squamous cell lung cancer, Bowen's disease, basal and squamous cell skin cancer, urothelial bladder cancer, and upper tract urothelial carcinoma between 1995 and 2019. Random-effects age-period-cohort models were used to estimate the cancer incidence data, and a stabilized kriging method was employed to interpolate incidence rates to more precise spatiotemporal units. RESULTS The results showed that the age-standardized incidence rates of all six types of studied cancers were consistently higher in Blackfoot disease-endemic areas than those in other areas from 1995 to 2019. However, the gap in incidence rates between Blackfoot disease-endemic areas and the remaining regions began to narrow approximately after the 1960 birth cohort when the tap water supply system installation commenced. For small and squamous cell lung cancer, Bowen's disease, and urothelial bladder cancer, the excess incidence rates sharply declined to null for those born after the year of arsenic mitigation. For upper tract urothelial carcinoma, the excess incidence rates decreased more gradually for those born after the year of arsenic mitigation. For hepatocellular carcinoma and basal and squamous cell skin cancer, the excess incidence rates remained constant. Spatiotemporal clusters of high incidence rates were identified in the core townships of Blackfoot disease-endemic areas. These clusters began to dissipate mainly after the 1960 birth cohort. CONCLUSION Arsenic mitigation from drinking water in Taiwan is associated with a reduced burden of small and squamous cell lung cancers, Bowen's disease, urothelial bladder cancer, and upper tract urothelial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Rong Jhuang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan Cancer Registry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ju Chiang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan Cancer Registry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan Cancer Registry, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Health Data Analytics and Statistics, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Koushki M, Amiri-Dashatan N, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Robati RM, Fateminasab F, Rahimi S, Razzaghi Z, Farahani M. Screening the critical protein subnetwork to delineate potential mechanisms and protective agents associated with arsenic-induced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: A toxicogenomic study. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 185:114451. [PMID: 38219847 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies show that complex mechanisms are involved in arsenic-induced malignant transformation of cells. This study aimed to decipher molecular mechanisms associated with arsenic-induced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and suggest potential protective factors. RNA-seq-based differentially expressed genes between arsenic-exposed human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and controls were used to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and discover critical subnetwork-based mechanisms. Protective compounds against arsenic toxicity were determined and their target interactions in the core sub-network were identified by the comparative toxicogenomic database (CTD). The binding affinity between the effective factor and target was calculated by molecular docking. A total of 15 key proteins were screened out as critical arsenic-responsive subnetwork (FN1, IL-1A, CCN2, PECAM1, FGF5, EDN1, FGF1, PXDN, DNAJB9, XBP1, ERN1, PDIA4, DNAJB11, FOS, PDIA6) and 7 effective protective agents were identified (folic acid, quercetin, zinc, acetylcysteine, methionine, catechin, selenium). The GeneMANIA predicted detailed interactions of the subnetwork and revealed terms related to unfolded protein response as the main processes. FN1, IL1A and CCN2, as top significant genes, had good docking affinity with folic acid and quercetin, as selected key compounds. Integration of gene expression and protein-protein interaction related to arsenic exposure in cSCC explored the potential mechanisms and protective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Koushki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Amiri-Dashatan
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza M Robati
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Dermatology, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fateminasab
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, 47416-95447, Iran
| | - Shadi Rahimi
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zahra Razzaghi
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Farahani
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang K, Yin Y, Lv M, Zhang X, Zhang M, Cui J, Guan Z, Liu X, Liu Y, Gao Y, Yang Y. Positive Association of Urinary Dimethylarsinic Acid (DMA V) with Serum 25(OH)D in Adults Living in an Area of Water-Borne Arsenicosis in Shanxi, China. TOXICS 2024; 12:83. [PMID: 38251038 PMCID: PMC10820359 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Limited studies have demonstrated that inorganic arsenic exposure is positively associated with serum vitamin D levels, although the correlation between urinary arsenic species and serum vitamin D has not been investigated in areas of water-borne arsenicosis. A cross-sectional study of 762 participants was conducted in Wenshui Country, Shanxi Province, a water-borne arsenicosis area. The results showed a positive relationship between urinary arsenic species (inorganic arsenic (iAs), methylarsonic acid (MMAV), dimethylarsinic acid (DMAV) and serum 25(OH)D. Log-binomial regression analysis indicated a 0.4% increase in the risk of vitamin D excess for every 1-unit increment in the Box-Cox transformed urinary DMAV after adjustment for covariates. After stratifying populations by inorganic arsenic methylation metabolic capacity, serum 25(OH)D levels in the populations with iAs% above the median and primary methylation index (PMI) below the median increased by 0.064 ng/mL (95% CI: 0.032 to 0.096) for every one-unit increase in the Box-Cox transformed total arsenic (tAs) levels. Serum 25(OH)D levels increased by 0.592 ng/mL (95% CI: 0.041 to 1.143) for every one-unit rise in the Box-Cox transformed iAs levels in people with skin hyperkeratosis. Overall, our findings support a positive relationship between urinary arsenic species and serum 25(OH)D. It was recommended that those residing in regions with water-borne arsenicosis should take moderate vitamin D supplements to avoid vitamin D poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyu Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yunyi Yin
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Man Lv
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Meichen Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jia Cui
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Ziqiao Guan
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yanmei Yang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
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Schrenk D, Bignami M, Bodin L, Chipman JK, del Mazo J, Grasl‐Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, Hoogenboom L(R, Leblanc J, Nebbia CS, Nielsen E, Ntzani E, Petersen A, Sand S, Vleminckx C, Wallace H, Barregård L, Benford D, Broberg K, Dogliotti E, Fletcher T, Rylander L, Abrahantes JC, Gómez Ruiz JÁ, Steinkellner H, Tauriainen T, Schwerdtle T. Update of the risk assessment of inorganic arsenic in food. EFSA J 2024; 22:e8488. [PMID: 38239496 PMCID: PMC10794945 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The European Commission asked EFSA to update its 2009 risk assessment on arsenic in food carrying out a hazard assessment of inorganic arsenic (iAs) and using the revised exposure assessment issued by EFSA in 2021. Epidemiological studies show that the chronic intake of iAs via diet and/or drinking water is associated with increased risk of several adverse outcomes including cancers of the skin, bladder and lung. The CONTAM Panel used the benchmark dose lower confidence limit based on a benchmark response (BMR) of 5% (relative increase of the background incidence after adjustment for confounders, BMDL05) of 0.06 μg iAs/kg bw per day obtained from a study on skin cancer as a Reference Point (RP). Inorganic As is a genotoxic carcinogen with additional epigenetic effects and the CONTAM Panel applied a margin of exposure (MOE) approach for the risk characterisation. In adults, the MOEs are low (range between 2 and 0.4 for mean consumers and between 0.9 and 0.2 at the 95th percentile exposure, respectively) and as such raise a health concern despite the uncertainties.
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Yao M, Zeng Q, Luo P, Yang G, Li J, Sun B, Liang B, Zhang A. Assessing the health risks of coal-burning arsenic-induced skin damage: A 22-year follow-up study in Guizhou, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167236. [PMID: 37739080 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Risk assessment of arsenic-induced skin damage has always received significant global attention. Theories derived from arsenic exposure in drinking water may not be applicable to the coal-burning type to arsenic-exposed area. Furthermore, very few studies have successfully determined the reference value of cumulative arsenic (CA) exposure that leads to specific skin lesions. In this study, we conducted a 22-year follow-up investigation to assess the risk of skin lesions and cancer resulting from long-term, multi-channel arsenic exposure from hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. The results show that the arsenic exposure can significantly increase the prevalence of skin lesions. For each interquartile range increase of hair arsenic (HA) and CA, the risk of skin damage increased by 1.91 and 3.90 times, respectively. The lower confidence limit of the benchmark dose of HA of arsenic-induced various skin lesions ranged from 0.07 to 0.12 μg·g-1, and 932.57 to 1368.92 mg for CA. The chronic daily intake, lifetime average daily dose in the arsenic-exposed area after the comprehensive prevention and control measures have decreased significantly, but remained higher than the daily baseline level of 3.0 μg·kg-1·d-1. Even as recently as 2020, the hazard quotients and hazard index still exceeded 1, measuring 155.33 and 55.20, and the lifetime excess risk of skin cancer (2.80 × 10-3) remains significantly higher than the acceptable level of 10-6. Our study underscores the effectiveness of comprehensive prevention and control measures in managing high arsenic exposure in coal-burning arsenic poisoning areas. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that the risk of both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects on the skin remains substantially higher than the acceptable level. We recommend setting reference limits for monitoring skin damage among individuals exposed to arsenic, with a recommended upper limit of 0.07 μg·g-1 for HA and a maximum acceptable level of 935.57 mg for CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Yao
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qibing Zeng
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Peng Luo
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guanghong Yang
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jun Li
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Baofei Sun
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bing Liang
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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Ortiz-Garcia NY, Cipriano Ramírez AI, Juarez K, Brand Galindo J, Briceño G, Calderon Martinez E. Maternal Exposure to Arsenic and Its Impact on Maternal and Fetal Health: A Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e49177. [PMID: 38130554 PMCID: PMC10734558 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic exposure is a significant public health issue, with harmful effects caused by its use in commercial products such as car batteries, pesticides, and herbicides. Arsenic has three main compounds: inorganic, organic, and arsine gas. Inorganic arsenic compounds in water are highly toxic. The daily intake of arsenic from food and beverages is between 20 and 300 mcg/day. Arsenic is known for its carcinogenic properties and is classified as a human carcinogen by different institutions. Exposure can lead to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and epigenetic deregulation, which can cause endocrine disorders, altered signal transduction pathways, and cell proliferation. In addition, arsenic can easily cross the placenta, making it a critical concern for maternal and fetal health. Exposure can lead to complications such as gestational diabetes, anemia, low birth weight, miscarriage, and congenital anomalies. Female babies are particularly vulnerable to the negative impact of arsenic exposure, with a higher risk of low weight for gestational age and congenital cardiac anomalies. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor and regulate the levels of arsenic in drinking water and food sources to prevent these adverse health outcomes. Further research is necessary to fully understand the impact of arsenic exposure on human health, especially during pregnancy and infancy, by implementing preventative measures and monitoring the levels of arsenic in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karen Juarez
- Infectious Disease, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, MEX
| | | | - Gabriela Briceño
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidad de Oriente, Barcelona, VEN
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Zilberg C, Lyons JG, Gupta R, Damian DL. The Immune Microenvironment in Basal Cell Carcinoma. Ann Dermatol 2023; 35:243-255. [PMID: 37550225 PMCID: PMC10407341 DOI: 10.5021/ad.22.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a key role in the suppression and progression of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The primary aetiological factor for BCC development is exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) which, particularly in lighter Fitzpatrick skin types, leads to the accumulation of DNA damage. UVR has roles in the generation of an immunosuppressive environment, facilitating cancer progression. Rates of BCC are elevated in immunosuppressed patients, and BCC may undergo spontaneous immune-mediated regression. Histologic and immunohistochemical profiling of BCCs consistently demonstrates the presence of an immune infiltrate and associated immune proteins. Early studies of immune checkpoint inhibitors reveal promising results in BCC. Therefore, the host immune system and tumor responses to it are important in BCC pathogenesis. Understanding these interactions will be beneficial for disease prognostication and therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Zilberg
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Sydney at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
| | - James Guy Lyons
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Sydney at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ruta Gupta
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Diona Lee Damian
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Sydney at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
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Zhao T, Sun D, Long K, Lemos B, Zhang Q, Man J, Zhao M, Zhang Z. N 6-methyladenosine upregulates ribosome biogenesis in environmental carcinogenesis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163428. [PMID: 37061066 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Many trace metal pollutants in surface water, the atmosphere, and soil are carcinogenic, and ribosome biogenesis plays an important role in the carcinogenicity of heavy metals. However, the contradiction between upregulated ribosome biogenesis and decreased ribosomal DNA copy number in environmental carcinogenesis is not fully understood. Here, from a perspective of the most predominant and abundant RNA epigenetic modification, N6-methyladenosine (m6A), we explored the reason behind this contradiction at the post-transcriptional level using arsenite-induced skin carcinogenesis models both in vitro and in vivo. Based on the m6A microarray assay and a series of experiments, we found for the first time that the elevated m6A in arsenite-induced transformation is mainly enriched in the genes regulating ribosome biogenesis. m6A upregulates ribosome biogenesis post-transcriptionally by stabilizing ribosomal proteins and modulating non-coding RNAs targeting ribosomal RNAs and proteins, leading to arsenite-induced skin carcinogenesis. Using multi-omics analysis of human subjects and experimental validation, we identified an unconventional role of a well-known key proliferative signaling node AKT1 as a vital mediator between m6A and ribosome biogenesis in arsenic carcinogenesis. m6A activates AKT1 and transmits proliferative signals to ribosome biogenesis, exacerbating the upregulation of ribosome biogenesis in arsenite-transformed keratinocytes. Similarly, m6A promotes cell proliferation by upregulating ribosome biogenesis in cell transformation induced by carcinogenic heavy metals (chromium and nickel). Importantly, inhibiting m6A reduces ribosome biogenesis. Targeted inhibition of m6A-upregulated ribosome biogenesis effectively prevents cell transformation induced by trace metals (arsenic, chromium, and nickel). Our results reveal the mechanism of ribosome biogenesis upregulated by m6A in the carcinogenesis of trace metal pollutants. From the perspective of RNA epigenetics, our study improves our understanding of the contradiction between upregulated ribosome biogenesis and decreased ribosomal DNA copy number in the carcinogenesis of environmental carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhe Zhao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Donglei Sun
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Keyan Long
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Bernardo Lemos
- Department of Environmental Health & Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston 02108, MA, USA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Man
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Manyu Zhao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zunzhen Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China.
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11
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Winge MCG, Kellman LN, Guo K, Tang JY, Swetter SM, Aasi SZ, Sarin KY, Chang ALS, Khavari PA. Advances in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Cancer 2023:10.1038/s41568-023-00583-5. [PMID: 37286893 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Human malignancies arise predominantly in tissues of epithelial origin, where the stepwise transformation from healthy epithelium to premalignant dysplasia to invasive neoplasia involves sequential dysregulation of biological networks that govern essential functions of epithelial homeostasis. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a prototype epithelial malignancy, often with a high tumour mutational burden. A plethora of risk genes, dominated by UV-induced sun damage, drive disease progression in conjunction with stromal interactions and local immunomodulation, enabling continuous tumour growth. Recent studies have identified subpopulations of SCC cells that specifically interact with the tumour microenvironment. These advances, along with increased knowledge of the impact of germline genetics and somatic mutations on cSCC development, have led to a greater appreciation of the complexity of skin cancer pathogenesis and have enabled progress in neoadjuvant immunotherapy, which has improved pathological complete response rates. Although measures for the prevention and therapeutic management of cSCC are associated with clinical benefit, the prognosis remains poor for advanced disease. Elucidating how the genetic mechanisms that drive cSCC interact with the tumour microenvironment is a current focus in efforts to understand, prevent and treat cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mårten C G Winge
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Laura N Kellman
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Program in Cancer Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Konnie Guo
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jean Y Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Susan M Swetter
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Sumaira Z Aasi
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Kavita Y Sarin
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Anne Lynn S Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Paul A Khavari
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA.
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Program in Cancer Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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12
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Zuo TT, Zhu J, Gao F, Wang JS, Song QH, Wang HY, Sun L, Zhang WQ, Kong DJ, Guo YS, Yang JB, Wei F, Wang Q, Jin HY, Ma SC. Innovative accumulative risk assessment strategy of co-exposure of As and Pb in medical earthworms based on in vivo-in vitro correlation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 175:107933. [PMID: 37088008 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies on risks assessment of heavy metal(loid) are usually based on their total concentrations. Nevertheless, such an analysis does not assess their real amounts absorbed by human body. To scientifically assess the health risks, in this study medical earthworms were analyzed for relative bioavailability (RBA) of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) using a multiple gavage mouse model with liver, kidneys, brain, and leg bones as biomarkers for the first time. Metal(loid) bioaccessibility was determined using in vitro physiologically based extraction (PBET) assay. We are the first to develop a novel accumulative health risk assessment strategy by combinational analyzing bioavailability of heavy metal(loid) levels to calculate target organ toxicity dose (TTD) modification of the HI and total cancer risk (TCR), which has capacity to evaluate the health risks of co-exposure of Pb and As in medical earthworms. As a result, As-RBA ranged from 7.2% to 45.1%, and Pb-RBA ranged from 16.1% to 49.8%. Additionally, As and Pb bioaccessibility varied from 6.7% to 48.3% and 7.8% to 52.5%, respectively. Moreover, strong in vivo-in vitro correlations (IVIVCs) were observed between metal-RBA and bioaccessibility, indicating the robustness of the in vitro PBET assay to predict metal-RBA in medical earthworms. The refined accumulative assessment strategy revealed that when adjusted by heavy metal(loid) bioavailability, the TTD modification of HI method typically exhibited an acceptable health risk caused by the co-exposure of Pb and As for cardiovascular, hematological, neurological, and renal system. The TCR levels associated with exposure to Pb and As due to the ingestion of medical earthworms were also acceptable after adjustment by bioavailability. Collectively, our innovation on accumulative risk assessment based on in vivo-in vitro correlation provides a novel approach engaging in assessing the risks due to co-exposure of As and Pb in medical earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Zuo
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; WHO Collaborating Center for Herbal Medicine (CHN-139), Beijing, China
| | - Jia Zhu
- Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Fei Gao
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Ji-Shuang Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Qing-Hui Song
- Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Lei Sun
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Wan-Qiang Zhang
- Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
| | - De-Juan Kong
- Tongliao Market Detection and Testing Center, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Guo
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Jian-Bo Yang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; WHO Collaborating Center for Herbal Medicine (CHN-139), Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wei
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; WHO Collaborating Center for Herbal Medicine (CHN-139), Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; WHO Collaborating Center for Herbal Medicine (CHN-139), Beijing, China.
| | - Hong-Yu Jin
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; WHO Collaborating Center for Herbal Medicine (CHN-139), Beijing, China.
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; WHO Collaborating Center for Herbal Medicine (CHN-139), Beijing, China.
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13
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Jegen DA, Jannetto PJ. What's in your water? A well-known risk for arsenic toxicity. J Rural Med 2023; 18:149-153. [PMID: 37032984 PMCID: PMC10079467 DOI: 10.2185/jrm.2022-034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic cannot be tasted, seen or smelled and can vary in concentration between water wells even in condensed areas. American domestic well water is not regulated to meet the same drinking water standards as other types of water supplies and often contains arsenic. If arsenic is not detected in a well water sample, it is unlikely to be found later. Conversely, if it is detected in a new well, it is recommended to retest six months later as levels may fluctuate in the first months following well construction. It is up to the well owner to test their water and remove arsenic through commercially available water filters. If it is not detected and removed via filtration, a variety of serious, yet common, medical conditions may arise from chronic arsenic exposure, some of which are life-threatening. These include diabetes mellitus, hypertension, skin cancer, renal, bladder and lung cancers, polyneuropathy and cardiac QTc prolongation. Testing is best done through urine speciation if an initial total urine arsenic concentration is elevated. Consider a complete blood count, renal and liver function tests, an electrocardiogram as well as a urinalysis assessing for evidence of hematuria when examining patients with histories concerning for chronic arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul J. Jannetto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic,
USA
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14
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Shiek SS, Sajai ST, Dsouza HS. Arsenic-induced toxicity and the ameliorative role of antioxidants and natural compounds. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23281. [PMID: 36550698 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) poisoning has proven to be a major threat worldwide because of its toxic effects on the human body. As toxicity through drinking water is a global health concern. The toxicity of As is known to affect the liver, kidney, lungs, muscles, cardiovascular system, and nervous system and can even induce diabetes. Further As can cause skin lesions leading to notable diseases in the skin like Bowen's disease. Chronic exposure to As has caused many tragedies in Eastern, and several Southeast Asian and Latin American countries. Long-term exposure to As makes it an immediate threat that should be dealt with as a priority, and one of the ways to handle it may be with the use of antioxidants. In this review, we have discussed the natural and anthropogenic sources of As, its metabolism, pathophysiology, and mechanism of toxicity. Besides, we have also discussed some of the synthetic chelators and the ameliorative role of antioxidants and natural compounds in reducing As toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiya S Shiek
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sanai T Sajai
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Herman S Dsouza
- Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
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15
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Yin JZ, Shi XQ, Wang MD, Du H, Zhao XW, Li B, Yang MH. Arsenic trioxide elicits anti-tumor activity by inhibiting polarization of M2-like tumor-associated macrophages via Notch signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109899. [PMID: 36827926 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Drug-resistant advanced lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is an aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. A therapeutic strategy for drug-resistant LUAD is to target the tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), because they play an important role in tumor immune escape, progression and metastasis. In this study, we conducted in vivo and in vitro investigation of the inhibitory effect of arsenic trioxide (ATO) on polarization of TAMs educated by LUAD. We found that ATO at a concentration of 4 μM disrupted the Notch-dependent positive feedback loop between LUAD and TAMs. In this loop, ATO inhibited the expression of Jagged1 and Notch1 in LUAD and suppressed M2 polarization via down-regulating Notch-dependent paracrine of CCL2 and IL1β. As a result, the secretion of M2-derived TGF-β1 decreased, thus inducing inhibitions of LUAD proliferation, migration, invasion, colony formation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In xenograft mouse models, ATO significantly inhibited tumor growth and down-regulated infiltration of M2-like TAMs in tumor tissues. In clinical LUAD biopsy samples, high Jagged1/Notch1 expression positively correlated with tumor-infiltrated M2-like TAMs, leading to poor prognosis. In conclusion, our results identified a novel tumor immunomodulating function for ATO, which can inhibit the polarization of M2-type TAMs to exert anti-tumor effects in the tumor microenvironment. Our results demonstrated the translational potential of repurposing ATO to target TAMs for lung adenocarcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Zhong Yin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1279 Sanmen Road, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Ming-Dong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1279 Sanmen Road, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - He Du
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xue-Wei Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1279 Sanmen Road, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1279 Sanmen Road, Shanghai 200434, China.
| | - Meng-Hang Yang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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16
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Sharma A, Birnie AJ, Bordea C, Cheung ST, Mann J, Morton CA, Salim A, Hasan ZU, Hashme M, Mansour Kiaee Z, Mohd Mustapa MF, Exton LS. British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of people with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in situ (Bowen disease) 2022. Br J Dermatol 2023; 188:186-194. [PMID: 36763868 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljac042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The overall objective of the guideline is to provide up-to-date, evidence-based recommendations for the management of squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCC in situ). The document aims to: offer an appraisal of all relevant literature up to 13th August 2021, focusing on any key developments; address important, practical clinical questions relating to the primary guideline objective; provide guideline recommendations and if appropriate research recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Sharma
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Andrew J Birnie
- East Kent Hospitals University NHSFT, Canterbury CT1 3NG, UK
| | | | | | - Jasmine Mann
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHSFT, Derby DE22 3NG, UK
| | - Colin A Morton
- NHS Forth Valley, Stirling Community Hospital, Stirling FK8 2AU, UK
| | - Asad Salim
- Tallaght Hospital, Dublin D24 NR0A, Ireland
| | | | - Maria Hashme
- Willan House, British Association of Dermatologists, London W1T 5HQ, UK
| | | | | | - Lesley S Exton
- Willan House, British Association of Dermatologists, London W1T 5HQ, UK
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17
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Yang F, Zhang A. Involvement of METTL3 in arsenite-induced skin lesions by targeting the SOCS3/STAT3/Krt signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120634. [PMID: 36368553 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a common environmental pollutant, typically affecting the skin most severely. Recent studies have shown that arsenic's toxicity may be linked to N6-methyladenosine (m6A), an abundant and dynamic epigenetic RNA modification. However, it is not completely understood how m6A contributes to arsenite-induced skin lesions. Herein, it is shown that methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) plays a crucial role in the involvement of arsenite-induced skin lesions in an m6A-dependent manner. Using bioinformatic analysis and experimental approaches, we demonstrate that arsenite induces METTL3 upregulation, represses suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression in an m6A- YTH m6A RNA binding protein 2 (YTHDF2)-dependent manner, and leads to the aberrant activation of the Janus kinase (JAK)2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) signaling pathway. We further found that the activated transcription factor STAT3 binds to the promoter regions of Krt1 and Krt10, promoting their transcription, which ultimately leads to arsenite-induced skin lesions. In conclusion, our study reveals the role of m6A in arsenite-induced skin lesions through the activation of the JAK2/STAT3/Krt signaling axis. The findings provide new insight into the potential molecular mechanisms underlying arsenic toxicity regulation through m6A modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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18
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Khatun M, Siddique AE, Wahed AS, Haque N, Tony SR, Islam J, Alam S, Sarker MK, Kabir I, Hossain S, Sumi D, Saud ZA, Barchowsky A, Himeno S, Hossain K. Association between serum periostin levels and the severity of arsenic-induced skin lesions. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279893. [PMID: 36598904 PMCID: PMC9812306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is a potent environmental toxicant and human carcinogen. Skin lesions are the most common manifestations of chronic exposure to arsenic. Advanced-stage skin lesions, particularly hyperkeratosis have been recognized as precancerous diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of arsenic-induced skin lesions remains unknown. Periostin, a matricellular protein, is implicated in the pathogenesis of many forms of skin lesions. The objective of this study was to examine whether periostin is associated with arsenic-induced skin lesions. A total of 442 individuals from low- (n = 123) and high-arsenic exposure areas (n = 319) in rural Bangladesh were evaluated for the presence of arsenic-induced skin lesions (Yes/No). Participants with skin lesions were further categorized into two groups: early-stage skin lesions (melanosis and keratosis) and advanced-stage skin lesions (hyperkeratosis). Drinking water, hair, and nail arsenic concentrations were considered as the participants' exposure levels. The higher levels of arsenic and serum periostin were significantly associated with skin lesions. Causal mediation analysis revealed the significant effect of arsenic on skin lesions through the mediator, periostin, suggesting that periostin contributes to the development of skin lesions. When skin lesion was used as a three-category outcome (none, early-stage, and advanced-stage skin lesions), higher serum periostin levels were significantly associated with both early-stage and advanced-stage skin lesions. Median (IQR) periostin levels were progressively increased with the increasing severity of skin lesions. Furthermore, there were general trends in increasing serum type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and eotaxin) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels with the progression of the disease. The median (IQR) of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, eotaxin, and IgE levels were significantly higher in the early-and advanced-stage skin lesions compared to the group of participants without skin lesions. The results of this study suggest that periostin is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of arsenic-induced skin lesions through the dysregulation of type 2 immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moriom Khatun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Eabrahim Siddique
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Abdus S. Wahed
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Nazmul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Selim Reza Tony
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Jahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shahnur Alam
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | | | - Shakhawoat Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Daigo Sumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Zahangir Alam Saud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Aaron Barchowsky
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Seiichiro Himeno
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
- Division of Health Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Khaled Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
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19
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Nail AN, Ferragut Cardoso AP, Montero LK, States JC. miRNAs and arsenic-induced carcinogenesis. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 96:203-240. [PMID: 36858773 PMCID: PMC10184182 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic-induced carcinogenesis is a worldwide health problem. Identifying the molecular mechanisms responsible for the induction of arsenic-induced cancers is important for developing treatment strategies. MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation is known to affect development and progression of human cancer. Several studies have identified an association between altered miRNA expression in cancers from individuals chronically exposed to arsenic and in cell models for arsenic-induced carcinogenesis. This chapter provides a comprehensive review for miRNA dysregulation in arsenic-induced cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra N Nail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Integrative Environmental Health Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Ana P Ferragut Cardoso
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Integrative Environmental Health Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Lakyn K Montero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Integrative Environmental Health Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - J Christopher States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Integrative Environmental Health Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.
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20
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. "The Terror of Death Began To Stalk Him": The Mysterious Fistula of Charles the Wise. Cureus 2022; 14:e32535. [PMID: 36654647 PMCID: PMC9839940 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
For 23 years, Charles V "The Wise" of France suffered from a mysterious fistula on his left arm that continuously drained pus. For all this time, he believed that as soon as the fistula ceased to weep, he would have a mere 15 days before death followed. His death in 1380, at the young age of 42, seemingly proved this assumption correct. This paper explores the possible explanations from arsenic poisoning at the hands of his longtime nemesis Charles II, as many of his contemporaries believed, to an undiagnosed case of hidradenitis suppurativa, to an underlying tuberculosis infection, to the possibility that his condition was entirely self-inflicted. While it is impossible to determine a definitive cause, it is highly unlikely that Charles II "The Bad" of Navarre had anything to do with his rival's strange condition.
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21
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Ramos W, Ortega-Loayza AG, Díaz J, De La Cruz-Vargas JA, Tello M, Ronceros G, Loayza M, Gutierrez EL. Arsenicism by Chronic Exposure to Mine Tailings in Peru: An Analysis of 17 Cases with Lesions on Skin and/or Annexes. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:2407-2414. [DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s378622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Aalami AH, Hoseinzadeh M, Hosseini Manesh P, Jiryai Sharahi A, Kargar Aliabadi E. Carcinogenic effects of heavy metals by inducing dysregulation of microRNAs: A review. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:12227-12238. [PMID: 36269534 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal exposure has soared due to the twentieth century's industrial activity. The most common heavy metals that lead to human poisoning are mercury, cadmium, and arsenic. Acute or chronic poisoning may develop following exposure to water, air, or food, so the bioaccumulation of these heavy metals causes harmful consequences in various human tissues and organs. Heavy metals interfere with biological functions such as growth, proliferation, differentiation, damage repair, and apoptosis. The mechanisms of action for these metals to cause toxicity are similar, including forming reactive oxygen species (ROS), weakening antioxidant defenses, enzyme inactivation, and oxidative stress. Heavy metal exposure is mainly associated with skin, liver, prostate, lung, urinary bladder, thyroid, and kidney cancers, as well as causing gastrointestinal malignancies. Several microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have been involved in various human cancers due to the dysregulation of miRNA function. Recent investigations have confirmed that microRNA dysregulation plays a role in the carcinogenesis of many tissues. This review presents the data concerning arsenic, cadmium, and mercury metals and their contamination sources, human exposure, toxicity, and inducing malignant transformations such as carcinogenicity in in-vitro or in-vivo specimens or dysregulated expression of microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Aalami
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box: 91871-47578, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammadsaleh Hoseinzadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parsa Hosseini Manesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Jiryai Sharahi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Kargar Aliabadi
- Biochemical Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Sathua KB, Singh RK. Mitochondrial biogenesis alteration in arsenic-induced carcinogenesis and its therapeutic interventions. TOXIN REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2022.2124420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kshirod Bihari Sathua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Lucknow, India
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Odisha, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Lucknow, India
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Gamarra F, Medina J, Lanchipa W, Tamayo R, Sacari E. Structural, Optical, and Arsenic Removal Properties of Sol-Gel Synthesized Fe-Doped TiO 2 Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3402. [PMID: 36234527 PMCID: PMC9565318 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pure and Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol-gel method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, BET, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show a dependence between the crystallite size and the amount of dopant, which decreases from 13.02 to 12.81 nm. The same behavior was observed in the optical properties, where the band gap decreased from 3.2 to 2.86 eV. The arsenic (V) adsorption was tested in aqueous solution containing 5 mg/L of arsenic and 0.5 g/L of adsorbent at pH 7 and in dark conditions. The results indicate that the TiO2-B sample shows a higher arsenic removal, reaching 88% arsenic removal from the water at pH 7. Thus, it is also shown that the best performance occurs at pH 5, where it reaches an arsenic removal of 94%. Ion competition studies show that arsenic removal capacity is slightly affected by chloride, carbonate, nitrate, and sulfate ions. According to the results, the synthesized samples are a promising material for treating arsenic-contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Gamarra
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Av. Miraflores s/n, Tacna 23003, Perú
| | - Jesús Medina
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Av. Miraflores s/n, Tacna 23003, Perú
| | - Wilson Lanchipa
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Av. Miraflores s/n, Tacna 23003, Perú
| | - Rocío Tamayo
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería de Procesos, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín, Arequipa 04001, Perú
- Laboratorio de Microscopia Electrónica de Transmisión, Centro de Microscopia Electrónica, Facultad de Ingeniería de Procesos, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín, Arequipa 04001, Perú
| | - Elisban Sacari
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Av. Miraflores s/n, Tacna 23003, Perú
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25
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Giles BH, Mann KK. Arsenic as an immunotoxicant. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 454:116248. [PMID: 36122737 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is world-wide contaminant to which millions of people are exposed. The health consequences of arsenic exposure are varied, including cancer, cardiometabolic disease, and respiratory disorders. Arsenic is also toxic to the immune system, which may link many of the pathologies associated with arsenic exposure. The immune system can be classified into two interconnected arms: the innate and the adaptive immune responses. Herein, we discuss the effects of arsenic on key cell types within each of these arms, highlighting both in vitro and in vivo responses. These cells include macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and both B and T lymphocytes. Furthermore, we will explore data from human populations where altered immune status is implicated in disease and identify several data gaps where research is needed to complete our understanding of the immunotoxic effects of arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braeden H Giles
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Koren K Mann
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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26
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Kang HG, Jeong PS, Kim MJ, Joo YE, Gwon MA, Jeon SB, Song BS, Kim SU, Lee S, Sim BW. Arsenic exposure during porcine oocyte maturation negatively affects embryonic development by triggering oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Toxicology 2022; 480:153314. [PMID: 36084880 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (AS), an environmental contaminant, is a known human carcinogen that can cause cancer of the lung, liver, and skin. Furthermore, AS induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairments in mammalian cells. However, limited information is available on the effect of AS exposure on oocyte maturation of porcine, whose anatomy, physiology, and metabolism are similar to those of human. Therefore, we examined the effect of AS exposure on the in vitro maturation (IVM) of porcine oocytes and the possible underlying mechanisms. Cumulus-cell enclosed oocytes were cultured with or without AS for maturation, and then were used for analyses. This study indicated that AS under a concentration of 1 μM significantly increased the abnormal expansion of cumulus cells and the number of oocytes maintained in meiotic arrest. In addition, AS exposure significantly reduced subsequent development of embryos and increased the rate of apoptosis of blastocysts following parthenogenetic activation (PA) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). Moreover, AS exposure induced oxidative stress with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), and decreased glutathione (GSH), leading to reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial quantity, DNA damage, excessive autophagy activity, and early apoptosis in porcine oocytes. Taken together, the results demonstrated that AS exposure exerts several negative effects, such as meiotic defects and embryo developmental arrest by causing mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis via inducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Gu Kang
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, South Korea; Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Physiology, Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Pil-Soo Jeong
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, South Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, South Korea
| | - Ye Eun Joo
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, South Korea
| | - Min-Ah Gwon
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, South Korea
| | - Se-Been Jeon
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, South Korea
| | - Bong-Seok Song
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, South Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, South Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, South Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, South Korea; Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea.
| | - Bo-Woong Sim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, South Korea.
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Kumari S, Sharma S, Advani D, Khosla A, Kumar P, Ambasta RK. Unboxing the molecular modalities of mutagens in cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62111-62159. [PMID: 34611806 PMCID: PMC8492102 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16726-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of the majority of human cancers is associated with a myriad of environmental causes, including physical, chemical, and biological factors. DNA damage induced by such mutagens is the initial step in the process of carcinogenesis resulting in the accumulation of mutations. Mutational events are considered the major triggers for introducing genetic and epigenetic insults such as DNA crosslinks, single- and double-strand DNA breaks, formation of DNA adducts, mismatched bases, modification in histones, DNA methylation, and microRNA alterations. However, DNA repair mechanisms are devoted to protect the DNA to ensure genetic stability, any aberrations in these calibrated mechanisms provoke cancer occurrence. Comprehensive knowledge of the type of mutagens and carcinogens and the influence of these agents in DNA damage and cancer induction is crucial to develop rational anticancer strategies. This review delineated the molecular mechanism of DNA damage and the repair pathways to provide a deep understanding of the molecular basis of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. A relationship between DNA adduct formation and cancer incidence has also been summarized. The mechanistic basis of inflammatory response and oxidative damage triggered by mutagens in tumorigenesis has also been highlighted. We elucidated the interesting interplay between DNA damage response and immune system mechanisms. We addressed the current understanding of DNA repair targeted therapies and DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment and discussed how antiviral agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunotherapeutic agents combined with traditional approaches lay the foundations for future cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Kumari
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Sudhanshu Sharma
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Dia Advani
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Akanksha Khosla
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
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Bundschuh J, Niazi NK, Alam MA, Berg M, Herath I, Tomaszewska B, Maity JP, Ok YS. Global arsenic dilemma and sustainability. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129197. [PMID: 35739727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is one of the most prolific natural contaminants in water resources, and hence, it has been recognized as an emerging global problem. Arsenic exposure through food exports and imports, such as As-contaminated rice and cereal-based baby food, is a potential risk worldwide. However, ensuring As-safe drinking water and food for the globe is still not stated explicitly as a right neither in the United Nations' Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) nor the global UNESCO priorities. Despite these omissions, addressing As contamination is crucial to ensure and achieve many of the declared human rights, SDGs, and global UNESCO priorities. An international platform for sharing knowledge, experience, and resources through an integrated global network of scientists, professionals, and early career researchers on multidisciplinary aspects of As research can act as an umbrella covering the activities of UN, UNESCO, and other UN organizations. This can deal with the mitigation of As contamination, thus contributing to global economic development and human health. This article provides a perspective on the global As problem for sustainable As mitigation on a global scale by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Bundschuh
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350 Queensland, Australia; Doctoral Program in Science, Technology, Environment, and Mathematics, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Rd., Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County, 62102, Taiwan.
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ayaz Alam
- Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Atacama, Avenida Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Región de Atacama, Chile
| | - Michael Berg
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Indika Herath
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350 Queensland, Australia; Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Barbara Tomaszewska
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jyoti Prakash Maity
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County 62102, Taiwan
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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29
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Samuel-Nakamura C, Ali AMS. Metal(loid)s in Common Medicinal Plants in a Uranium Mining-Impacted Area in Northwestern New Mexico, USA. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2069. [PMID: 35956547 PMCID: PMC9370734 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine uranium (U) and other metal(loid) concentrations (As, Cd, Cs, Pb, Mo, Se, Th, and V) in eight species of plants that are commonly used for medicinal purposes on Diné (Navajo) lands in northwestern New Mexico. The study setting was a prime target for U mining, where more than 500 unreclaimed abandoned U mines and structures remain. The plants were located within 3.2 km of abandoned U mines and structures. Plant biota samples (N = 32) and corresponding soil sources were collected. The samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma−Mass Spectrometry. In general, the study findings showed that metal(loid)s were concentrated greatest in soil > root > aboveground plant parts, respectively. Several medicinal plant samples were found to exceed the World Health Organization Raw Medicinal Plant Permissible Level for As and Cd; however, using the calculated human intake data, Reference Dietary Intakes, Recommended Dietary Allowances, and tolerable Upper Limits, the levels were not exceeded for those with established food intake or ingestion guidelines. There does not appear to be a dietary food rise of metal(loid) ingestion based solely on the eight medicinal plants examined. Food intake recommendations informed by research are needed for those who may be more sensitive to metal(loid) exposure. Further research is needed to identify research gaps and continued surveillance and monitoring are recommended for mining-impacted communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Samuel-Nakamura
- School of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), 4-246 Factor Building, Mailcode 691821, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Abdul-Mehdi S. Ali
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Northrop Hall MSCO 3-2040, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Potential Benefits and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158530. [PMID: 35955666 PMCID: PMC9368833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are recognized as among the most common neoplasms, mostly in white people, with an increasing incidence rate. Among the NMSCs, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most prevalent malignancy known to affect people with a fair complexion who are exposed to extreme ultraviolet radiation (UVR), have a hereditary predisposition, or are immunosuppressed. There are several extrinsic and intrinsic determinants that contribute to the pathophysiology of the SCC. The therapeutic modalities depend on the SCC stages, from actinic keratosis to late-stage multiple metastases. Standard treatments include surgical excision, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. As SCC represents a favorable tumor microenvironment with high tumor mutational burden, infiltration of immune cells, and expression of immune checkpoints, the SCC tumors are highly responsive to immunotherapies. Until now, there are three checkpoint inhibitors, cemiplimab, pembrolizumab, and nivolumab, that are approved for the treatment of advanced, recurrent, or metastatic SCC patients in the United States. Immunotherapy possesses significant therapeutic benefits for patients with metastatic or locally advanced tumors not eligible for surgery or radiotherapy to avoid the potential toxicity caused by the chemotherapies. Despite the high tolerability and efficiency, the existence of some challenges has been revealed such as, resistance to immunotherapy, less availability of the biomarkers, and difficulty in appropriate patient selection. This review aims to accumulate evidence regarding the genetic alterations related to SCC, the factors that contribute to the potential benefits of immunotherapy, and the challenges to follow this treatment regime.
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Wu L, Yang F, Du S, Hu T, Wei S, Wang G, Zeng Q, Luo P. Inorganic arsenic promotes apoptosis of human immortal keratinocytes through the TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1321-1331. [PMID: 35142421 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to high-dose inorganic arsenic through groundwater, air, or food remains a major environmental public health issue worldwide. Apoptosis, a method of cell death, has recently become a hot topic of research in biology and medicine. Previous studies have demonstrated that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is related to arsenic-induced apoptosis. However, the reports are contradictory, and the knowledge of the above-mentioned mechanisms and their mutual regulation remains limited. In this study, the associations between the TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway and arsenic-induced cell apoptosis were confirmed using the HaCaT cell model. The relative expressions of the indicators of the TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway, apoptosis-related genes (cytochrome C, caspase-3, caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, and Bax), the mitochondrial membrane potential, and the total apoptosis rate were significantly increased (P < .05), while the expression of the antiapoptosis gene Bcl-2 was significantly decreased (P < .05) in cells of the group exposed to arsenic. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the ERK inhibitor (PD98059) and TGF-β1 inhibitor (LY364947) could inhibit the activation of the ERK signaling pathway, thereby reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential, the total apoptosis rate, and the expression of pro-apoptosis-related genes in the cells, while the expression of the antiapoptosis gene Bcl-2 was significantly increased (P < .05). By contrast, the recombinant human TGF-β1 could promote apoptosis of the HaCaT cells by increasing the activation of the ERK signaling pathway (P < .05). These results indicate that inorganic arsenic promotes the apoptosis of human immortal keratinocytes through the TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wu
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Sufei Du
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Hu
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shaofeng Wei
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guoze Wang
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qibing Zeng
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Peng Luo
- The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Biswas S, Chowdhury T, Ghosh A, Das AK, Das D. Effect of O-substitution in imidazole based Zn(II) dual fluorescent probes in the light of arsenate detection in potable water: a combined experimental and theoretical approach. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:7174-7187. [PMID: 35470835 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00357k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Efficient detection of arsenate (AsO43-) from contaminated drinking water extracted from underground has become a matter of utmost necessity and an exquisite challenge owing to the growing public health issue due to arsenicosis. In order to combat this we planned to detect arsenate with the naked eye under UV light using a novel chemosensor material whose structure and functioning as a sensor could be certified mechanistically. Hence we were encouraged to synthesize two differently O-substituted imidazole based homologous ligands: C1 (HL1 = 2-((E)-(3-(1H-imidazole-1-yl)propylimino)methyl)-6-ethoxyphenol) and C2 (HL2 = 2-((E)-(3-(1H-imidazole-1-yl)propylimino)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol). To accomplish the purposeful exploration of the luminescent sensor, we considered Chelation Enhanced Fluorescence (CHEF) and kept on searching for a metal cation that would be able to turn on the fluorescence of the ligands. Considering Zn(II) as the most suitable candidate, luminescent complexes D1 and D2 ({[Zn2(L1)2(I)2](DMF)} and [Zn2(L2)2(I)2](DMF), respectively) were synthesized and characterized by SXRD, UV-Vis, FT-IR, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. In spite of the resemblance in the solid state structures of D1 and D2, the selective response of D1 towards arsenate with high quenching constants (2.13 × 106), unlike D2, has been demonstrated mechanistically with steady state and time resolved fluorescence titration, solution phase ESI-MS spectral analysis and DFT studies. The selectivity and sensitivity of the sensor D1 explicitly make this material a potent candidate for arsenate detection due to its very low detection limit (8.2 ppb), low cost and user friendly characteristics. Real life implementation of this work in a test strip is expected to prove beneficial for public health to identify arsenate polluted water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India.
| | - Tania Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India.
| | - Avik Ghosh
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Abhijit K Das
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Debasis Das
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India.
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Nail AN, McCaffrey LM, Banerjee M, Ferragut Cardoso AP, States JC. Chronic arsenic exposure suppresses ATM pathway activation in human keratinocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 446:116042. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Fernández-Martos S, Calvo-Sánchez MI, Lobo-Aldezabal A, Sánchez-Adrada AI, Moreno C, Vitale M, Espada J. The deleterious effects induced by an acute exposure of human skin to common air pollutants are prevented by extracts of Deschampsia antarctica. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23751. [PMID: 34887500 PMCID: PMC8660883 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeostatic and regenerative potential of the skin is critically impaired by an increasing accumulation of air pollutants in human ecosystems. These toxic compounds are frequently implicated in pathological processes such as premature cutaneous ageing, altered pigmentation and cancer. In this scenario, innovative strategies are required to tackle the effects of severe air pollution on skin function. Here we have used a Human Skin Organotypic Culture (HSOC) model to characterize the deleterious effects of an acute topic exposure of human skin to moderately high concentrations of common ambient pollutants, including As, Cd, Cr, dioxins and tobacco smoke. All these toxic compunds inflict severe damage in the tissue, activating the AHR-mediated response to xenobiotics. We have further evaluated the potential of an aqueous leaf extract of the polyextremophile plant Deschampsia antarctica (Edafence) to protect human skin against the acute exposure to toxic pollutants. Our results indicate that pre-treatment of HSOC samples with this aqueous extract conuterbalances the deleterious effects of the exposure to toxic comunds and triggers the activation of key genes invoved in the redox system and in the pro-inflammatory/wound healing response in the skin, suggesting that this natural compound might be effectively used in vivo to protect human skin routinely in different daily conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Fernández-Martos
- Experimental Dermatology and Skin Biology Group, Ramon y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - María I Calvo-Sánchez
- Experimental Dermatology and Skin Biology Group, Ramon y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Biosciences Research Institute, School of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, UFV, Building E, Ctra. M-515 Pozuelo-Majadahonda Km 1,800, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Lobo-Aldezabal
- Experimental Dermatology and Skin Biology Group, Ramon y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Biosciences Research Institute, School of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, UFV, Building E, Ctra. M-515 Pozuelo-Majadahonda Km 1,800, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Moreno
- Anatomic Pathology Service, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vitale
- Medical Affairs Department, Cantabria Labs, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Espada
- Experimental Dermatology and Skin Biology Group, Ramon y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile.
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Thai AA, Lim AM, Solomon BJ, Rischin D. Biology and Treatment Advances in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5645. [PMID: 34830796 PMCID: PMC8615870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most common skin cancer diagnosed worldwide. CSCC is generally localized and managed with local therapies such as excision and/or radiotherapy. For patients with unresectable or metastatic disease, recent improvements in our understanding of the underlying biology have led to significant advancements in treatment approaches-including the use of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI)-which have resulted in substantial gains in response and survival compared to traditional cytotoxic approaches. However, there is a lack of understanding of the biology underpinning CSCC in immunocompromised patients, in whom the risk of developing CSCC is hundreds of times higher compared to immunocompetent patients. Furthermore, current ICI approaches are associated with significant risk of graft rejection in organ transplant recipients who make up a significant proportion of immunocompromised patients. Ongoing scientific and clinical research efforts are needed in order to maintain momentum to increase our understanding and refine our therapeutic approaches for patients with CSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alesha A. Thai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St., Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (A.M.L.); (B.J.S.); (D.R.)
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Annette M. Lim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St., Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (A.M.L.); (B.J.S.); (D.R.)
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Benjamin J. Solomon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St., Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (A.M.L.); (B.J.S.); (D.R.)
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Danny Rischin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St., Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (A.M.L.); (B.J.S.); (D.R.)
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
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Banerjee M, Al-Eryani L, Srivastava S, Rai SN, Pan J, Kalbfleisch TS, States JC. Delineating the Effects of Passaging and Exposure in a Longitudinal Study of Arsenic-Induced Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a HaCaT Cell Line Model. Toxicol Sci 2021; 185:184-196. [PMID: 34730829 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a major deleterious health effect of chronic arsenic (iAs) exposure. The molecular mechanism of arsenic-induced cSCC remains poorly understood. We recently demonstrated that chronic iAs exposure leads to temporally regulated genome-wide changes in profiles of differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs at each stage of carcinogenesis (7, 19 and 28 weeks) employing a well-established passage-matched HaCaT cell line model of arsenic-induced cSCC. Here, we performed longitudinal differential expression analysis (miRNA and mRNA) between the different time points (7 vs. 19 weeks and 19 vs. 28 weeks) within unexposed and exposed groups, coupled to expression pairing and pathway analyses to differentiate the relative effects of long-term passaging and chronic iAs exposure. Data showed that 66-105 miRNA [p < 0.05; log2(Fold Change)>I1I] and 2826-4079 mRNA [p < 0.001; log2(Fold Change)>I1I] molecules were differentially expressed depending on the longitudinal comparison. Several mRNA molecules differentially expressed as a function of time, independent of iAs exposure were being targeted by miRNA molecules which were also differentially expressed in a time dependent manner. Distinct pathways were predicted to be modulated as a function of time or iAs exposure. Some pathways were also modulated both by time and exposure. Thus, the HaCaT model can distinguish between the effects of passaging and chronic iAs exposure individually and corroborate our previously published data on effects of iAs exposure compared to unexposed passage matched HaCaT cells. In addition, this work provides a template for cell line based longitudinal chronic exposure studies to follow for optimal efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayukh Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY
| | - Laila Al-Eryani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY
| | - Sudhir Srivastava
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY.,Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, India New Delhi, 110012
| | - Shesh N Rai
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY.,Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY
| | - Jianmin Pan
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY
| | - Theodore S Kalbfleisch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY
| | - J Christopher States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY
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Abdollahzade N, Majidinia M, Babri S. Melatonin: a pleiotropic hormone as a novel potent therapeutic candidate in arsenic toxicity. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:6603-6618. [PMID: 34453671 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06669-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic is a natural element which exists in the environment in inorganic and organic forms. In humans, the main reason for the toxicity of arsenic is its uptake via water sources. As polluted water and the problems associated with it can be found in many countries. Therefore, considering all these positive effects of melatonin, this review is aimed at melatonin supplementation therapy on arsenic toxicity which seems to be a suitable therapeutic agent to eliminate the adverse effects of arsenic. METHODS AND RESULTS It is seen in previous studies that chronic exposure to arsenic could cause serious dys functions of organs and induce different degrees of toxicities that is one of the first hazardous materials in the classification of substances by the United States Environmental Protection Agency so leads to costly cleanup operations burdening the economy. Arsenic harmfulness degree depends on the bioavailability, chemical form, valence state, detoxification, and metabolism of human body. The oxidative stress has a major role in arsenic-induced toxicity; on the other hand, it was discovered that melatonin is a powerful scavenger for free radical and it's an extensive-spectrum antioxidant. CONCLUSION Due to its highly lipophilic and small size properties, melatonin accesses all intracellular organs by easily passing via the cell membrane and prevents protein, DNA damage, and lipid peroxidation. In particular, melatonin, by protecting and reducing oxidative stress in mitochondria, can normalize homeostasis and mitochondrial function and ultimately prevent apoptosis and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseh Abdollahzade
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Shirin Babri
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Jin B, Wan S, Boah M, Yang J, Ma W, Lv M, Li H, Wang K. GSTM1 and GSTT1 Null Genotype Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Arsenic Poisoning: a Meta-analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:2085-2095. [PMID: 32772315 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The value of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) null genotype in patients with arsenic poisoning has been recognized, but the conclusions of previous studies remain inconsistent. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between GST mu 1 (GSTM1) and GST theta 1 (GSTT1) null genotype polymorphisms and susceptibility to arsenic poisoning. PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, and WeiPu databases were systematically searched for publications up to March 31, 2020. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the relationship between GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotype polymorphisms and arsenic poisoning. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14.0 software. Nine articles with 3324 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. A significantly negative correlation was observed between the GSTM1 null genotype and susceptibility to arsenic poisoning (OR = 0.731; 95% CI: 0.536-0.999; P = 0.049; I2 = 70.5%). There was no significant correlation between the GSTT1 null genotype (OR = 1.009; 95% CI: 0.856-1.189; P = 0.915, I2 = 36.8%) and GSTM1-GSTT1 double null genotype (OR = 1.105; 95% CI: 0.670-1.822; P = 0.695; I2 = 64.7%) and the risk of arsenic poisoning. Egger's and Begg's tests indicated no publishing bias. Compared with controls, individuals with the GSTM1 null genotype were less susceptible to arsenic poisoning. The GSTT1 single null genotype and GSTM1-GSTT1 dual-null genotype were not associated with the risk of arsenic poisoning. The GSTM1 single null genotype may have potential as a genotoxic biomarker to identify individuals who are not prone to arsenic poisoning, and as a reference for guiding the prevention of arsenic poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiming Jin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, Heilongjiang, China
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Cell Biotechnology, China and Russia Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Siyuan Wan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, Heilongjiang, China
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Michael Boah
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Cell Biotechnology, China and Russia Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Cell Biotechnology, China and Russia Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Man Lv
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Cell Biotechnology, China and Russia Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haonan Li
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Cell Biotechnology, China and Russia Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kewei Wang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
- Institute of Cell Biotechnology, China and Russia Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
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Nandi SK, Kumar S, Chowdhury SR, Ibukun IJ, Haldar D. Detection and Removal of Arsenite from Water Using Bis‐Urea Supramolecular Polymer and Dipeptide Adsorbent. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202004726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Kumar Nandi
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Srayoshi Roy Chowdhury
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Ibukun‐Olamilekan Joseph Ibukun
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Debasish Haldar
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
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Iatrogenic Arsenism Characterized by Palmoplantar Hyperkeratosis and Diffused Skin Cancers for Over Decades. Am J Dermatopathol 2021; 43:373-376. [PMID: 33481374 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000001903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Chronic arsenism usually occurs after a long-term unawareness of arsenic exposure from environment, occupation, food, and water. We here reported 3 cases with diffused arsenic keratosis and skin cancers derived from long-term arsenic medication ingestion. In these cases, hyperkeratotic skin lesions were initially found on palms and soles, slowly progressed to every part of the skin and lasted maximally for over 30 years. Skin cancers were diagnosed and removed intermittently within decades, but with no malignancies in other organs. Oral retinoids combing with topical 5- fluorouracil and photodynamic treatment yielded a desirable outcome.
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Balali-Mood M, Naseri K, Tahergorabi Z, Khazdair MR, Sadeghi M. Toxic Mechanisms of Five Heavy Metals: Mercury, Lead, Chromium, Cadmium, and Arsenic. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:643972. [PMID: 33927623 PMCID: PMC8078867 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 561] [Impact Index Per Article: 187.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The industrial activities of the last century have caused massive increases in human exposure to heavy metals. Mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic have been the most common heavy metals that induced human poisonings. Here, we reviewed the mechanistic action of these heavy metals according to the available animal and human studies. Acute or chronic poisonings may occur following exposure through water, air, and food. Bioaccumulation of these heavy metals leads to a diversity of toxic effects on a variety of body tissues and organs. Heavy metals disrupt cellular events including growth, proliferation, differentiation, damage-repairing processes, and apoptosis. Comparison of the mechanisms of action reveals similar pathways for these metals to induce toxicity including ROS generation, weakening of the antioxidant defense, enzyme inactivation, and oxidative stress. On the other hand, some of them have selective binding to specific macromolecules. The interaction of lead with aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and ferrochelatase is within this context. Reactions of other heavy metals with certain proteins were discussed as well. Some toxic metals including chromium, cadmium, and arsenic cause genomic instability. Defects in DNA repair following the induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage by the three metals have been considered as the cause of their carcinogenicity. Even with the current knowledge of hazards of heavy metals, the incidence of poisoning remains considerable and requires preventive and effective treatment. The application of chelation therapy for the management of metal poisoning could be another aspect of heavy metals to be reviewed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Balali-Mood
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Kobra Naseri
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zoya Tahergorabi
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mahmood Sadeghi
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Sachan S, Pathania S, Mahdi AA, Suvirya S, Singhai A. Case Report of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma at the Wrist Joint and the Public Health Crisis of Arsenicosis. J Health Pollut 2021; 11:210314. [PMID: 33815911 PMCID: PMC8009643 DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-11.29.210314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Arsenicosis is caused by long term (6 months plus) ingestion of arsenic above a safe dose, characterized by skin lesions and possible involvement of internal organs. Arsenicosis is common in India and Bangladesh where naturally occurring high concentrations of arsenic in the earth's crust contaminate ground water, causing adverse health effects. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case of a 55-year-old Indian male, resident of a known arsenic endemic region of Uttar Pradesh who suffered from characteristic pulmonary and cutaneous features of chronic arsenic toxicity which included radiological findings of interstitial lung disease, hyperkeratotic lesions over the palms and soles, rain drop like pigmentation over the trunk, and carcinomatous changes at the wrist joint. The patient was started on chelating agents (d-penicillamine) and oral retinoids (isotretinoin) followed by the surgical excision of the carcinoma. DISCUSSION Environmental contamination with arsenic is a well-known health hazard in South Asian countries. The main source is consumption of contaminated ground water for domestic purposes. Cutaneous lesions, internal organ involvement including interstitial lung disease and carcinomas as observed in our patient have been reported in the literature. Various mechanisms like epigenetic changes and arsenic-induced immune suppression have been proposed for the development of cutaneous carcinomas with prolonged exposure to arsenic. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Among the various causes of palmo-plantar hyperkeratosis, arsenicosis should be kept in mind when presenting in combination with pigmentary changes and carcinomatous growth from an arsenic-endemic region. CONCLUSIONS People residing in arsenic-endemic regions should be made aware of arsenic-related health hazards. Rainwater harvesting and good nutrition are the simplest measures which could be adopted by the exposed population in affected areas. Several methods have also been employed by governmental and non-government organizations to separate arsenic from contaminated water to combat arsenic-related diseases and carcinomas. COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Sachan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy; King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sucheta Pathania
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy; Zonal Hospital, Dharamshala, Himanchal Pradesh, India
| | - Abbas Ali Mahdi
- Department of Biochemistry; King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swastika Suvirya
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy; King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Atin Singhai
- Department of Pathology; King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Kumar A, Ali M, Kumar R, Kumar M, Sagar P, Pandey RK, Akhouri V, Kumar V, Anand G, Niraj PK, Rani R, Kumar S, Kumar D, Bishwapriya A, Ghosh AK. Arsenic exposure in Indo Gangetic plains of Bihar causing increased cancer risk. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2376. [PMID: 33504854 PMCID: PMC7841152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81579-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Reportedly, 300 million people worldwide are affected by the consumption of arsenic contaminated groundwater. India prominently figures amongst them and the state of Bihar has shown an upsurge in cases affected by arsenic poisoning. Escalated arsenic content in blood, leaves 1 in every 100 human being highly vulnerable to being affected by the disease. Uncontrolled intake may lead to skin, kidney, liver, bladder, or lung related cancer but even indirect forms of cancer are showing up on a regular basis with abnormal arsenic levels as the probable cause. But despite the apparent relation, the etiology has not been understood clearly. Blood samples of 2000 confirmed cancer patients were collected from pathology department of our institute. For cross-sectional design, 200 blood samples of subjects free from cancer from arsenic free pockets of Patna urban agglomeration, were collected. Blood arsenic levels in carcinoma patients as compared to sarcomas, lymphomas and leukemia were found to be higher. The geospatial map correlates the blood arsenic with cancer types and the demographic area of Gangetic plains. Most of the cancer patients with high blood arsenic concentration were from the districts near the river Ganges. The raised blood arsenic concentration in the 2000 cancer patients strongly correlates the relationship of arsenic with cancer especially the carcinoma type which is more vulnerable. The average arsenic concentration in blood of the cancer patients in the Gangetic plains denotes the significant role of arsenic which is present in endemic proportions. Thus, the study significantly correlates and advocates a strong relation of the deleterious element with the disease. It also underlines the need to address the problem by deciphering the root cause of the elevated cancer incidences in the Gangetic basin of Bihar and its association with arsenic poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India.
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Ranjit Kumar
- Department of Animal Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Prity Sagar
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Ritu Kumari Pandey
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Vivek Akhouri
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Gautam Anand
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Pintoo Kumar Niraj
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Rita Rani
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Applied Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | | | - Ashok Kumar Ghosh
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
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Rehman AU, Nazir S, Irshad R, Tahir K, ur Rehman K, Islam RU, Wahab Z. Toxicity of heavy metals in plants and animals and their uptake by magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Sarkar N, Das B, Bishayee A, Sinha D. Arsenal of Phytochemicals to Combat Against Arsenic-Induced Mitochondrial Stress and Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1230-1256. [PMID: 31813247 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Phytochemicals are important dietary constituents with antioxidant properties. They affect various signaling pathways involved in the overall maintenance of interior milieu of the cell. Arsenic, an environmental toxicant, is well known for its deleterious consequences, such as various diseases, including cancers in humans. Mitochondria are the cell's powerhouse that fuel all metabolic energy requirements. Dysfunctional mitochondria due to stressors may lead to abnormal functioning of the organelle, hampering the crucial cellular cross talks and ultimately leading to cancer. Application of phytochemicals against arsenic-induced mitochondrial disorders may be a preventive measure to counteract the ruinous impacts of the metalloid. Recent Advances: In recent years, extensive research on the role of mitochondria in cancer gives a better understanding of the areas the organelle covers in maintaining a healthy cell or in inducing carcinogenicity. Detailed knowledge of the mitochondrial governances would enable researchers to administer numerous phytochemicals to ameliorate altered oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial oxidative stress, unfolded protein response, glycolysis, or even apoptosis. Critical Issues: In this review, we have addressed how various phytochemicals belonging to diverse classes combat against arsenic-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress, depletion of MMP, cell cycle abrogation, apoptosis, glycolytic damages, oncogenic regulations, chaperones, mitochondrial complexes, and mitochondrial membrane pore formation in both in vitro and in vivo models. Future Directions: Insightful application of mitoprotective phytochemicals against arsenic-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and carcinogenesis may guide researchers to develop preclinical chemopreventive agents to fight arsenic toxicity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Sarkar
- Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Bornita Das
- Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Dona Sinha
- Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
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Deng G, Deng X, Deng J, Lu X, Kang X, Song Y. Performance Evaluation of an Electrospun Nanofiber Mat as Samplers for the Trap of Trace Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Particles and Its Application. ANAL SCI 2020; 36:1453-1459. [PMID: 32741954 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20p199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Traditional methods for the analysis of trace heavy metals in the atmosphere require collecting atmospheric particles on filter substrates, such as cellulose, quartz fiber member, etc. In this paper, we report on a different filter to capture trace heavy metals in atmospheric particulates. Four kinds of electrospun nanofiber filters, polystyrene (PS), polystyrene-dithizone (PS-DZ), acrylic acid (AR), and acrylic acid-dithizone (AR-DZ) were produced by electrospinning, and used as filters to trap heavy metals in atmospheric particles. Based on these nanofiber filters, the digestion method and eluent were optimized. Under the optimal conditions (oscillation extraction with acetic acid-potassium acetate (HAC-KAC) buffer solution (0.1 mol L-1, pH = 4.5)), the developed method was successfully applied to determine the four particulate metal elements (As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) in air in two urban areas of Suzhou, China. Furthermore, a correlation between heavy metals in air and breast milk was observed. The results confirmed that an electrospun nanofiber mat could be a potential candidate for the sampling of heavy metals in atmospheric particles with higher efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhe Deng
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Ministry of Education of China, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University
| | | | | | - Xiaoting Lu
- Division of Child Care, Suzhou Municipal Hospital
| | - Xuejun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Ministry of Education of China, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University
| | - Yuan Song
- Division of Child Care, Suzhou Municipal Hospital
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Zhang L, Gao Y, Wu S, Zhang S, Smith KR, Yao X, Gao H. Global impact of atmospheric arsenic on health risk: 2005 to 2015. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:13975-13982. [PMID: 32513708 PMCID: PMC7322006 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2002580117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is a toxic pollutant commonly found in the environment. Most of the previous studies on arsenic pollution have primarily focused on arsenic contamination in groundwater. In this study, we examine the impact on human health from atmospheric arsenic on the global scale. We first develop an improved global atmospheric arsenic emission inventory and connect it to a global model (Goddard Earth Observing System [GEOS]-Chem). Model evaluation using observational data from a variety of sources shows the model successfully reproduces the spatial distribution of atmospheric arsenic around the world. We found that for 2005, the highest airborne arsenic concentrations were found over Chile and eastern China, with mean values of 8.34 and 5.63 ng/m3, respectively. By 2015, the average atmospheric arsenic concentration in India (4.57 ng/m3) surpassed that in eastern China (4.38 ng/m3) due to the fast increase in coal burning in India. Our calculation shows that China has the largest population affected by cancer risk due to atmospheric arsenic inhalation in 2005, which is again surpassed by India in 2015. Based on potential exceedance of health-based limits, we find that the combined effect by including both atmospheric and groundwater arsenic may significantly enhance the risks, due to carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic effects. Therefore, this study clearly implies the necessity in accounting for both atmospheric and groundwater arsenic in future management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System/Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System/Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China;
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao, China
| | - Shiliang Wu
- Atmospheric Sciences Program, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931;
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ministry of Education/Institute for Advanced Ocean Study/Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China and Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266100 Qingdao, China
- International Laboratory for High-Resolution Earth System Prediction, 266237 Qingdao, China
- College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Kirk R Smith
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
- Collaborative Clean Air Policy Centre, Delhi 110003, India
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System/Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao, China
| | - Huiwang Gao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System/Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266237 Qingdao, China
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48
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Zeng Q, Zhang A. Assessing potential mechanisms of arsenic-induced skin lesions and cancers: Human and in vitro evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:113919. [PMID: 31995775 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to arsenic is a major public health challenge worldwide. In detailing the hallmark signs of chronic arsenic exposure, previous studies have shown that epigenetic and immune dysfunction are associated with arsenic-induced skin lesions; however, knowledge regarding interactions between the mechanisms listed above is limited. In this study, a total of 106 skin samples were collected over the past 20 years. Based on the presence or absence of high arsenic exposure, the participants were divided into arsenic exposure (72) and reference (34) groups. Additionally, the arsenic exposure group was further divided into the non-cancer group (31, including skin hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis) and the skin cancer group (41, including Bowen's disease, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) according to a skin histopathological examination. First, the associations among miR-155, NF-AT1 with immunological dysfunction and arsenic-induced skin lesions and carcinogenesis were confirmed using these skin samples. In the arsenic-exposed group, miR-155-5p, keratin 1(Krt1), keratin 10 (Krt10), and keratin 6c (Krt6c) were significantly increased in the skin (p < 0.05), while NF-AT1, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Clear correlations were observed among these factors (p < 0.05). In immortalized human keratinocytes, silencing and overexpression of NF-AT1 could alter the expression and secretion of immunological dysfunction indicators (IL-2 and IFN-γ) that are induced by arsenic exposure (p < 0.05); however, miR-155-5p levels did not change significantly (p > 0.05). The miR-155-5p mimic and inhibitor could regulate the NF-AT1-mediated immunological dysfunction caused by arsenic (p < 0.05). Our study provides some limited evidence that miR-155-5p regulates the NF-AT1-mediated immunological dysfunction that is involved in the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of arsenic. The second major finding was that Krt1 and Krt10 are markers of hyperkeratosis caused by arsenic, and Krt6c is a potential biomarker that can reflect arsenic carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibing Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Banerjee M, Ferragut Cardoso AP, Lykoudi A, Wilkey DW, Pan J, Watson WH, Garbett NC, Rai SN, Merchant ML, States JC. Arsenite Exposure Displaces Zinc from ZRANB2 Leading to Altered Splicing. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1403-1417. [PMID: 32274925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to arsenic, a class I carcinogen, affects 200 million people globally. Skin is the major target organ, but the molecular etiology of arsenic-induced skin carcinogenesis remains unclear. Arsenite (As3+)-induced disruption of alternative splicing could be involved, but the mechanism is unknown. Zinc finger proteins play key roles in alternative splicing. As3+ can displace zinc (Zn2+) from C3H1 and C4 zinc finger motifs (zfm's), affecting protein function. ZRANB2, an alternative splicing regulator with two C4 zfm's integral to its structure and splicing function, was chosen as a candidate for this study. We hypothesized that As3+ could displace Zn2+ from ZRANB2, altering its structure, expression, and splicing function. As3+/Zn2+ binding and mutual displacement experiments were performed with synthetic apo-peptides corresponding to each ZRANB2 zfm, employing a combination of intrinsic fluorescence, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, zinc colorimetric assay, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. ZRANB2 expression in HaCaT cells acutely exposed to As3+ (0 or 5 μM, 0-72 h; or 0-5 μM, 6 h) was examined by RT-qPCR and immunoblotting. ZRANB2-dependent splicing of TRA2B mRNA, a known ZRANB2 target, was monitored by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. As3+ bound to, as well as displaced Zn2+ from, each zfm. Also, Zn2+ displaced As3+ from As3+-bound zfm's acutely, albeit transiently. As3+ exposure induced ZRANB2 protein expression between 3 and 24 h and at all exposures tested but not ZRANB2 mRNA expression. ZRANB2-directed TRA2B splicing was impaired between 3 and 24 h post-exposure. Furthermore, ZRANB2 splicing function was also compromised at all As3+ exposures, starting at 100 nm. We conclude that As3+ exposure displaces Zn2+ from ZRANB2 zfm's, changing its structure and compromising splicing of its targets, and increases ZRANB2 protein expression as a homeostatic response both at environmental/toxicological exposures and therapeutically relevant doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayukh Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
| | - Ana P Ferragut Cardoso
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
| | - Angeliki Lykoudi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
| | - Daniel W Wilkey
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
| | - Jianmin Pan
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
| | - Walter H Watson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
| | - Nichola C Garbett
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States.,James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
| | - Shesh N Rai
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States.,Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
| | - Michael L Merchant
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States.,Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
| | - J Christopher States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
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50
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Zhang AL, Chen L, Ma L, Ding XJ, Tang SF, Zhang AH, Li J. Role of H3K18ac-regulated nucleotide excision repair-related genes in arsenic-induced DNA damage and repair of HaCaT cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1168-1177. [PMID: 32031413 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120903482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is an environmental poison and is a grade I human carcinogen that can cause many types of damage to the body. The skin is one of the main target organs of arsenic damage, but the molecular mechanisms underlying arsenic poisoning are not clear. Arsenic is an epigenetic agent. Histone acetylation is one of the earliest covalent modifications to be discovered and is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. To investigate the role of acetylated histone H3K18 (H3K18 ac) in arsenic-induced DNA damage, HaCaT cells were exposed to sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) for 24 h. It was found that arsenic induced the downregulation of xeroderma pigmentosum A, D, and F (XPA, XPD, and XPF-nucleotide excision repair (NER)-related genes) expression, as well as histone H3K18 ac expression, and aggravated DNA damage. Chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR) analysis showed that H3K18 acetylation in the promoter regions of XPA, XPD, and XPF was downregulated. In addition, the use of the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) partially inhibited arsenic-induced DNA damage, inhibited deacetylation of H3K18 ac in the promoter regions of XPA, XPD, and XPF genes, increased acetylation of H3K18, and promoted the transcriptional expression of NER-related genes. Our study revealed that NaAsO2 induces DNA damage and inhibits the expression of NER-related genes, while TSA increases the H3K18 ac enrichment level and promotes the transcriptional expression of NER, thereby inhibiting DNA damage. These findings provide new ideas for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - L Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - L Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - X J Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - S F Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - A H Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - J Li
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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