1
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Aung TH, Suansomjit C, Tun ZM, Hlaing TM, Kaewkungwal J, Cui L, Sattabongkot J, Roobsoong W. Prevalence of G6PD deficiency and diagnostic accuracy of a G6PD point-of-care test among a population at risk of malaria in Myanmar. Malar J 2023; 22:143. [PMID: 37127600 PMCID: PMC10150473 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past decade, the incidence of malaria has steadily declined in Myanmar, with Plasmodium vivax becoming predominant. The resilience of P. vivax to malaria control is attributed to the parasite's ability to form hypnozoites in the host's liver, which can cause relapse. Primaquine is used to eliminate hypnozoites but can cause haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient individuals. It is thus necessary to estimate the frequency and variant types of G6PD deficiency in areas where primaquine will be widely used for P. vivax elimination. METHODS In this study, a descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in a population residing in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, using a standard spectrophotometric assay, a rapid diagnostic test (RDT), Biosensor, and by genotyping G6PD variants. RESULTS G6PD enzyme activity was determined from 772 leukocyte-depleted samples, with an adjusted male median G6PD activity value of 6.3 U/g haemoglobin. Using a cut-off value of 30% enzyme activity, the overall prevalence of G6PD deficiency was 10.8%. Genotyping of G6PD variants was performed for 536 samples, of which 131 contained mutations. The Mahidol variant comprised the majority, and males with the Mahidol variant showed lower G6PD enzyme activity. The G6PD Andalus variant, which has not been reported in Myanmar before, was also identified in this study. CONCLUSION This study provides a G6PD enzyme activity reference value for the Myanmar population and further information on the prevalence and variants of G6PD deficiency among the Myanmar population; it also evaluates the feasibility of G6PD deficiency tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Than Htike Aung
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Chayanut Suansomjit
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Zaw Min Tun
- Defence Services Medical Research Centre, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | | | - Jaranit Kaewkungwal
- Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Liwang Cui
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Florida, USA
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanlapa Roobsoong
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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2
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Yang Z, Chen H, Lu Y, Gao Y, Sun H, Wang J, Jin L, Chu J, Xu S. Genetic evidence of tri-genealogy hypothesis on the origin of ethnic minorities in Yunnan. BMC Biol 2022; 20:166. [PMID: 35864541 PMCID: PMC9306206 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01367-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yunnan is located in Southwest China and consists of great cultural, linguistic, and genetic diversity. However, the genomic diversity of ethnic minorities in Yunnan is largely under-investigated. To gain insights into population history and local adaptation of Yunnan minorities, we analyzed 242 whole-exome sequencing data with high coverage (~ 100-150 ×) of Yunnan minorities representing Achang, Jingpo, Dai, and Deang, who were linguistically assumed to be derived from three ancient lineages (the tri-genealogy hypothesis), i.e., Di-Qiang, Bai-Yue, and Bai-Pu. RESULTS Yunnan minorities show considerable genetic differences. Di-Qiang populations likely migrated from the Tibetan area about 6700 years ago. Genetic divergence between Bai-Yue and Di-Qiang was estimated to be 7000 years, and that between Bai-Yue and Bai-Pu was estimated to be 5500 years. Bai-Pu is relatively isolated, but gene flow from surrounding Di-Qiang and Bai-Yue populations was also found. Furthermore, we identified genetic variants that are differentiated within Yunnan minorities possibly due to the living circumstances and habits. Notably, we found that adaptive variants related to malaria and glucose metabolism suggest the adaptation to thalassemia and G6PD deficiency resulting from malaria resistance in the Dai population. CONCLUSIONS We provided genetic evidence of the tri-genealogy hypothesis as well as new insights into the genetic history and local adaptation of the Yunnan minorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqing Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Center for Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Center for Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Center for Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiayou Chu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, 650118, China.
| | - Shuhua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Center for Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
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3
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Devendra R, Gupta V, Shanmugam R, Singh MPSS, Patel P, Valecha N, Mishra N, Ahmed N, Hoti SL, Hegde HV, Warang P, Chiddarwar A, Kedar P, Mayekar P, Mukherjee MB. Prevalence and spectrum of mutations causing G6PD deficiency in Indian populations. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 86:104597. [PMID: 33069889 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is one of the most common human erythroenzymopathy affecting around 10% of the world population. India is endemic for malaria and antimalarial drugs are known to induce haemolysis in G6PD deficient individuals. Here we report the prevalence as well as the molecular diversity of G6PD deficiency in geographical regions of India. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 20,896 individuals (11,838 males and 9058 females) were screened by DPIP dye decolorisation method followed by quantitation of G6PD enzyme activity on the suspected samples. Molecular analysis was undertaken in a total of 350 G6PD deficient individuals by PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing. A structural characteristic of the novel variant was deduced by using DynaMut web-server. The prevalence rate of G6PD deficiency varied between 0.8 and 6.3% with an overall prevalence of 1.9%. A total of twelve mutations were identified. Of the total deleterious alleles detected G6PD Orissa (56.5%) was found to be the most predominant variant followed by G6PD Mediterranean (23.6%). G6PD Mediterranean, G6PD Kaiping and G6PD Mahidol were found to be severely deficient variant and 14.1% of them showed undetectable activity. A novel mutation c.544C➔G (R182G) in exon 6 was identified in one tribal male where substitution of arginine by glycine, likely causes the alteration in the alpha helix leading to disruption of secondary structure of the protein. CONCLUSION There are large differences in the distribution of G6PD causal variants between Indian states, and this may have implications for the treatment in the malaria endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rati Devendra
- ICMR-National Institute of Immunohaematology (NIIH), 13th Floor, K.E.M Hospital campus, Parel, Mumbai 400012. India
| | - Vinodkumar Gupta
- ICMR-National Institute of Immunohaematology (NIIH), 13th Floor, K.E.M Hospital campus, Parel, Mumbai 400012. India
| | - Rajasubramaniam Shanmugam
- ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, NIRTH Complex, Nagpur Road, P.O.- Garha, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482003, India
| | - M P S S Singh
- ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, NIRTH Complex, Nagpur Road, P.O.- Garha, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482003, India
| | - Purushottam Patel
- ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, NIRTH Complex, Nagpur Road, P.O.- Garha, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482003, India
| | - Neena Valecha
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR), Sector 8 Dwarka, Dwarka, New Delhi, Delhi 110077, India
| | - Neelima Mishra
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR), Sector 8 Dwarka, Dwarka, New Delhi, Delhi 110077, India
| | - Naseem Ahmed
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR), Sector 8 Dwarka, Dwarka, New Delhi, Delhi 110077, India
| | - S L Hoti
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine (NITM), Nehru Nagar, Belgavi, Karnataka 590010, India
| | - Harsha V Hegde
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine (NITM), Nehru Nagar, Belgavi, Karnataka 590010, India
| | - Prashant Warang
- ICMR-National Institute of Immunohaematology (NIIH), 13th Floor, K.E.M Hospital campus, Parel, Mumbai 400012. India
| | - Ashish Chiddarwar
- ICMR-National Institute of Immunohaematology (NIIH), 13th Floor, K.E.M Hospital campus, Parel, Mumbai 400012. India
| | - Prabhakar Kedar
- ICMR-National Institute of Immunohaematology (NIIH), 13th Floor, K.E.M Hospital campus, Parel, Mumbai 400012. India
| | - Pramod Mayekar
- ICMR-National Institute of Immunohaematology (NIIH), 13th Floor, K.E.M Hospital campus, Parel, Mumbai 400012. India
| | - Malay B Mukherjee
- ICMR-National Institute of Immunohaematology (NIIH), 13th Floor, K.E.M Hospital campus, Parel, Mumbai 400012. India.
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4
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Liu Z, Yu C, Li Q, Cai R, Qu Y, Wang W, Wang J, Feng J, Zhu W, Ou M, Huang W, Tang D, Guo W, Liu F, Chen Y, Fu L, Zhou Y, Lv W, Zhang H, Zhang J, Wang M, Yang J, Wan K, Miao J, Yuan Z, Liu H, He X, Li W, Chen W, Ye L, Chen Y, Huang S, Liu H, Ding H, Gan X, Wang S, Qiang R, Gong M, Teng P, Wang H, Zhou M, Wei H, Liu X, Tang K, Ma Y, Wu H, Shu X, Chen Y, Zhuang D, Li H, Liu Z, Liu X, Chen Y, Zhu L, Zhu X, Mo C, Tang H, Yin F, Shao Z, Zhang P, Peng B, Lu Q, Wang Z, Zou L. Chinese newborn screening for the incidence of G6PD deficiency and variant of G6PD gene from 2013 to 2017. Hum Mutat 2019; 41:212-221. [PMID: 31489982 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is one of the most common X-linked enzymopathies caused by G6PD gene variant. We aimed to provide the characteristics of G6PD deficiency and G6PD gene variant distribution in a large Chinese newborn screening population. We investigated the prevalence of G6PD in China from 2013 to 2017. Then, we examined G6PD activity and G6PD gene in representative Chinese birth cohort to explore the distribution of G6PD gene variant in 2016. We then performed multicolor melting curve analysis to classify G6PD gene variants in 10,357 neonates with activity-confirmed G6PD deficiency, and DNA Sanger sequencing for G6PD coding exons if hot site variants were not found. The screened population, organizations, and provinces of G6PD deficiency were increased from 2013 to 2017 in China. The top five frequency of G6PD gene variants were c.1376G>T, c.1388G>A, c.95A>G, c.1024C>T, and c.871G>A and varied in different provinces, with regional and ethnic features, and four pathogenic variant sites (c.152C>T, c.290A>T, c.697G>C, and c.1285A>G) were first reported. G6PD deficiency mainly occurs in South China, and the frequency of G6PD gene variant varies in different regions and ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidai Liu
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaowen Yu
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingge Li
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ren Cai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Yiping Qu
- Newborn Screening Center of Zhejiang, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jinwen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Newborn Screening Center of Yunfu, Yunfu, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenbin Zhu
- Fujian Neonatal Screening Center, Fujian Maternal and Children Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mingcai Ou
- Newborn Screening Center of Sichuan, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weitong Huang
- Newborn Screening Center of Nanning, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Deguo Tang
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangjie Liu
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Lifang Fu
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanxia Zhou
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenqiong Lv
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Kexing Wan
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingkun Miao
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaojian Yuan
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Qingdao Women & Children Hospital Neonatal Screening Lab, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Wengao Chen
- Bijie Municipal Medical Technology Section of Healthcare and Family Planning Service Center, Bijie, Guizhou, China
| | - Lixin Ye
- Dongguan Newborn Screening Center, Dongguan Maternal & Infant Health Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yajun Chen
- Medical Genetic Center of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shaoguan City, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuodan Huang
- Newborn Screening Center of Meizhou, Meizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiping Liu
- Newborn Screening Center of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongxiang Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinhui Gan
- Neo-Screening Section, Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Shuyuan Wang
- Department of Eugenics and Genetic, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Qiang
- Neonatal Screening Department, Prenatal Diagnosis Department, Genetic Medical Center, Northwest Women and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Minhong Gong
- Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shangluo, Shangluo, Shanxi, China
| | - Ping Teng
- Newborn Screening Center of Changde, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Muping Zhou
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hongwei Wei
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangju Liu
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Tai'an, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Tang
- Newborn Screening Center of Baoji, Baoji, Shanxi, China
| | - Yahong Ma
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Yan'an, Yan'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongliang Wu
- Newborn Screening Center of Yueyang, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoli Shu
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhen Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danyan Zhuang
- Department of Medical Statistical, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiulian Liu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Fujian Neonatal Screening Center, Fujian Maternal and Children Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lidan Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Eugenics and Genetic, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Caihong Mo
- Key Laboratory of Newborn Screening Center of Yunfu, Yunfu, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Yin
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Tai'an, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Zhibing Shao
- Newborn Screening Center of Yueyang, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Penghui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Department of Medical Statistical, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
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5
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Hwang S, Mruk K, Rahighi S, Raub AG, Chen CH, Dorn LE, Horikoshi N, Wakatsuki S, Chen JK, Mochly-Rosen D. Correcting glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency with a small-molecule activator. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4045. [PMID: 30279493 PMCID: PMC6168459 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06447-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, one of the most common human genetic enzymopathies, is caused by over 160 different point mutations and contributes to the severity of many acute and chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress, including hemolytic anemia and bilirubin-induced neurological damage particularly in newborns. As no medications are available to treat G6PD deficiency, here we seek to identify a small molecule that corrects it. Crystallographic study and mutagenesis analysis identify the structural and functional defect of one common mutant (Canton, R459L). Using high-throughput screening, we subsequently identify AG1, a small molecule that increases the activity of the wild-type, the Canton mutant and several other common G6PD mutants. AG1 reduces oxidative stress in cells and zebrafish. Furthermore, AG1 decreases chloroquine- or diamide-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes. Our study suggests that a pharmacological agent, of which AG1 may be a lead, will likely alleviate the challenges associated with G6PD deficiency. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency provides insufficient protection from oxidative stress, contributing to diverse human pathologies. Here, the authors identify a small molecule that increases the activity and/or stability of mutant G6PD and show that it reduces oxidative stress in zebrafish and hemolysis in isolated human erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhee Hwang
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Karen Mruk
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,University of Wyoming School of Pharmacy, 1000 E. University Ave., HS 596, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Simin Rahighi
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Andrew G Raub
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5080, USA
| | - Che-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lisa E Dorn
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 473 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Naoki Horikoshi
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Soichi Wakatsuki
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Photon Science, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025-7015, USA
| | - James K Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Deng Z, Yang F, Bai Y, He L, Li Q, Wu Y, Luo L, Li H, Ma L, Yang Z, He Y, Cui L. Co-inheritance of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency mutations and hemoglobin E in a Kachin population in a malaria-endemic region of Southeast Asia. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177917. [PMID: 28531196 PMCID: PMC5439682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and hemoglobin E (HbE, β26 Glu-Lys) are two common red cell disorders in Southeast Asia. G6PD deficiency produces hemolytic anemia, which can be triggered by certain drugs or infections. HbE is asymptomatic or is manifested as microcytic, minimally hemolytic anemia. The association between G6PD deficiency and HbE is little understood. This study aimed to investigate G6PD deficiency and HbE in a Kachin ethnic group in the China-Myanmar border area. G6PD enzyme activity was measured using a quantitative G6PD assay, G6PD variants genotyped by the SNaPshot assay, and an HbE gene mutation identified by an amplification refractory mutation system and subsequently confirmed by using a reverse dot blot hybridization assay from 100 unrelated individuals in the study area. G6PD enzyme activity ranged from 0.4 to 24.7 U/g Hb, and six males had severe G6PD deficiency (<0.12-1.2 U/g Hb), while six males and 12 females had mild G6PD deficiency (>1.2-4.5 U/g Hb). Among the 24 G6PD-deficient subjects, 22 (92%) had the Mahidol 487G>A mutation (12 male hemizygotes, one female homozygote, and nine female heterozygotes), while the G6PD genotypes in two female subjects were unknown. HbE was identified in 39 subjects (20 males and 19 females), including 15 HbEE (seven males and eight females) and 24 HbAE (13 males and 11 females). Twenty-three subjects co-inherited both G6PD deficiency and HbE (22 with HbAE and one with HbEE). Whereas mean Hb levels were not significantly different between the HbA and HbE groups, G6PD-deficient males had significantly lower Hb levels than G6PD-normal males (P < 0.05, t-test). However, it is noteworthy that two G6PD-deficient hemizygous males with HbAE were severely anemic with Hb levels below 50 g/L. This study revealed high prevalence of co-inheritance of G6PD deficiency with HbAE in the Kachin ethnicity, and a potential interaction of the G6PD Mahidol 487G>A and HbAE in males leading to severe anemia. The presence of 6% males with severe G6PD deficiency raised a major concern in the use of primaquine for radical cure of vivax malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeshuai Deng
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yao Bai
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Lijun He
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yanrui Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Lan Luo
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Limei Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhaoqing Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yongshu He
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (LC)
| | - Liwang Cui
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YH); (LC)
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7
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Chaowanathikhom M, Nuchnoi P, Palasuwan D. Significance of 3′UTR and Pathogenic Haplotype in Glucose-6-Phosphate Deficiency. Lab Med 2017; 48:73-88. [DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmw065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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8
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Valencia SH, Ocampo ID, Arce-Plata MI, Recht J, Arévalo-Herrera M. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency prevalence and genetic variants in malaria endemic areas of Colombia. Malar J 2016; 15:291. [PMID: 27225440 PMCID: PMC4880879 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme involved in prevention of cellular oxidative damage, particularly protecting erythrocytes from haemolysis. An estimated 400 million people present variable degrees of inherited G6PD deficiency (G6PDd) which puts them at risk for developing haemolysis triggered by several risk factors including multiple drugs and certain foods. Primaquine (PQ) is a widely used anti-malarial drug that can trigger haemolysis in individuals with G6PDd. Intensification of malaria control programmes worldwide and particularly malaria elimination planning in some regions recommend a more extensive use of PQ and related drugs in populations with different G6PDd prevalence. This a preliminary study to assess the prevalence of G6PDd in representative malaria endemic areas of Colombia by measuring G6PD phonotype and genotypes. METHODS Volunteers (n = 426) from four malaria endemic areas in Colombia (Buenaventura, Tumaco, Tierralta and Quibdo) were enrolled. Blood samples were drawn to evaluate G6PD enzymatic activity by using a quantitative G6PD test and a subset of samples was analysed by PCR-RFLP to determine the frequency of the three most common G6PD genotypic variants: A-, A+ and Mediterranean. RESULTS A total of 28 individuals (6.56 %) displayed either severe or intermediate G6PDd. The highest prevalence (3.51 %) was in Buenaventura, whereas G6PDd prevalence was lower (<1 %) in Tierralta and Quibdo. G6PD A alleles were the most frequent (15.23 %) particularly in Buenaventura and Tumaco. Overall, a high frequency of G6PD A- genotype, followed by A+ genotype was found in the analysed population. CONCLUSIONS G6PDd based on enzymatic activity as well as G6PD A allelic variants were found in malaria-endemic populations on the Pacific coast of Colombia, where most of malaria cases are caused by Plasmodium vivax infections. These infections are treated for 14 days with PQ, however there are no official reports of PQ-induced haemolytic crises. Further assessment of G6PDd prevalence in malaria endemic areas in Colombia is crucial in view of possible mass drug administration for malaria elimination in these regions, as well as implementation of appropriate G6PDd diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sócrates Herrera Valencia
- />Caucaseco Scientific Research Center/Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Carrera 37 2B No. 5 E-08, Edificio de profesionales Bambú, Cali, Colombia
- />Centro Latino Americano de Investigación en Malaria (CLAIM), Cali, Colombia
| | - Iván Darío Ocampo
- />Caucaseco Scientific Research Center/Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Carrera 37 2B No. 5 E-08, Edificio de profesionales Bambú, Cali, Colombia
- />Centro Latino Americano de Investigación en Malaria (CLAIM), Cali, Colombia
| | - María Isabel Arce-Plata
- />Caucaseco Scientific Research Center/Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Carrera 37 2B No. 5 E-08, Edificio de profesionales Bambú, Cali, Colombia
- />Centro Latino Americano de Investigación en Malaria (CLAIM), Cali, Colombia
| | - Judith Recht
- />Caucaseco Scientific Research Center/Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Carrera 37 2B No. 5 E-08, Edificio de profesionales Bambú, Cali, Colombia
| | - Myriam Arévalo-Herrera
- />Caucaseco Scientific Research Center/Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center, Carrera 37 2B No. 5 E-08, Edificio de profesionales Bambú, Cali, Colombia
- />Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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Ren N, Kuang YM, Tang QL, Cheng L, Zhang CH, Yang ZQ, He YS, Zhu YC. High Incidence of Malaria Along the Sino-Burmese Border Is Associated With Polymorphisms of CR1, IL-1A, IL-4R, IL-4, NOS, and TNF, But Not With G6PD Deficiency. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1681. [PMID: 26448013 PMCID: PMC4616751 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is highly endemic in Yunnan Province, China, with the incidence of malaria being highest along the Sino-Burmese border. The aim of our study was to determine whether genetic polymorphisms are associated with the prevalence of malaria among Chinese residents of the Sino-Burmese border region. Fourteen otherwise healthy people with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, 50 malaria patients, and 67 healthy control subjects were included in our cross-sectional study. We analyzed the frequency of the G3093T and T520C single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CR1. Logistic regression was used to calculate the prevalence odds ratio (POR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of malaria for the T520C SNP of CR1 and SNPs of G6PD, IL-4, IL-4R, IL-1A, NOS, CD40LG, TNF, and LUC7L. The frequency of the 3093T/3093T genotype of CR1 in the malaria group (0.16) was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.045, P < 0.05), and significantly lower than that in the G6PD deficiency group (0.43, P < 0.01). The frequency of the 520T/520T genotype of CR1 was significantly higher in the malaria patients (0.78) than that in the control group (0.67, P < 0.05) and G6PD-deficiency group (0.36, P < 0.05). The T allele of the T520C variant of CR1 was significantly associated with the prevalence of malaria (POR: 1.460; 95% CI: 0.703-3.034). Polymorphisms of G6PD did not significantly influence the prevalence malaria (P > 0.05). A GTGTGTC haplotype consisting of IL-1A (rs17561), IL-4 (rs2243250), TNF (rs1800750), IL-4R (rs1805015), NOS (rs8078340), CD40LG (rs1126535), and LUC7L (rs1211375) was significantly associated with the prevalence of malaria (POR: 1.822, 95% CI: 0.998-3.324). The 3093G/3093G and 520T/520T genotypes are the predominant genetic variants of CR1 among Chinese residents near the Sino-Burmese border, and the T allele of T520C is associated with the prevalence of malaria in this region. Although G6PD deficiency does not protect against malaria, it may diminish the association between malaria and the CR1 polymorphisms in this population. The GTGTGTC haplotype is also associated with the prevalence of malaria in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ren
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (NR, LC, C-HZ, Q-LT, Z-QY, Y-SH, Y-CZ); and First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China (Y-MK)
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10
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Li Q, Yang F, Liu R, Luo L, Yang Y, Zhang L, Liu H, Zhang W, Fan Z, Yang Z, Cui L, He Y. Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency at the China-Myanmar Border. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134593. [PMID: 26226515 PMCID: PMC4520570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked hereditary disease that predisposes red blood cells to oxidative damage. G6PD deficiency is particularly prevalent in historically malaria-endemic areas. Use of primaquine for malaria treatment may result in severe hemolysis in G6PD deficient patients. In this study, we systematically evaluated the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the Kachin (Jingpo) ethnic group along the China-Myanmar border and determined the underlying G6PD genotypes. We surveyed G6PD deficiency in 1770 adult individuals (671 males and 1099 females) of the Kachin ethnicity using a G6PD fluorescent spot test. The overall prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the study population was 29.6% (523/1770), among which 27.9% and 30.6% were males and females, respectively. From these G6PD deficient samples, 198 unrelated individuals (147 females and 51 males) were selected for genotyping at 11 known G6PD single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Southeast Asia (ten in exons and one in intron 11) using a multiplex SNaPshot assay. Mutations with known association to a deficient phenotype were detected in 43.9% (87/198) of cases, intronic and synonymous mutations were detected alone in 34.8% (69/198) cases and no mutation were found in 21.2% (42/198) cases. Five non-synonymous mutations, Mahidol 487G>A, Kaiping 1388G>A, Canton 1376G>T, Chinese 4 392G>T, and Viangchan 871G>A were detected. Of the 87 cases with known deficient mutations, the Mahidol variant was the most common (89.7%; 78/87), followed by the Kaiping (8.0%; 7/87) and the Viangchan (2.2%; 2/87) variants. The Canton and Chinese 4 variants were found in 1.1% of these 87 cases. Among them, two females carried the Mahidol/Viangchan and Mahidol/Kaiping double mutations, respectively. Interestingly, the silent SNPs 1311C>T and IVS11nt93T>C both occurred in the same 95 subjects with frequencies at 56.4% and 23.5% in tested females and males, respectively (P<0.05). It is noteworthy that 24 subjects carrying the Mahidol mutation and two carrying the Kaiping mutation also carried the 1311C>T/IVS11nt93T>C SNPs. Further studies are needed to determine the enzyme levels of the G6PD deficient people and presence of additional G6PD mutations in the study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Rong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Lan Luo
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yuling Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Huaie Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhixiang Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhaoqing Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Liwang Cui
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LC); (YH)
| | - Yongshu He
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- * E-mail: (LC); (YH)
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Zhang J, Li X, Liang L, Huang S, Zhang H. Effects of external stimuli on the pacemaker function of the sinoatrial node in sodium channel gene mutations models. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2013; 56:818-22. [PMID: 23929003 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-013-4533-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Loss of function and gain of function mutations of the sodium channel were investigated using an intact two-dimensional rabbit sinoatrial node (SAN) and atrial cell model. The effects of three external stimuli (acetylcholine secretion by the vagal nerve, acid-base concentration, and tissue temperature) on cardiac pacemaker function and conduction were studied. Our results show that these two groups of mutations have different effects on pacemaker function and conduction. Furthermore, we found that the negative effects of these mutations could be altered by external stimuli. The bradycardic effects of mutations were magnified by an increase in acetylcholine level. Changes in acid-base concentration and tissue temperature increased the ability of the SAN to recover its pacemaker function. The results of this study increase our understanding of sodium channel disorders, and help to advance research on the treatment of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqian Zhang
- College of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China.
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12
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Hu T, Zhang C, Tang Q, Su Y, Li B, Chen L, Zhang Z, Cai T, Zhu Y. Variant G6PD levels promote tumor cell proliferation or apoptosis via the STAT3/5 pathway in the human melanoma xenograft mouse model. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:251. [PMID: 23693134 PMCID: PMC3765728 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), elevated in tumor cells, catalyzes the first reaction in the pentose-phosphate pathway. The regulation mechanism of G6PD and pathological change in human melanoma growth remains unknown. Methods HEM (human epidermal melanocyte) cells and human melanoma cells with the wild-type G6PD gene (A375-WT), G6PD deficiency (A375-G6PD∆), G6PD cDNA overexpression (A375-G6PD∆-G6PD-WT), and mutant G6PD cDNA (A375-G6PD∆-G6PD-G487A) were subcutaneously injected into 5 groups of nude mice. Expressions of G6PD, STAT3, STAT5, cell cycle-related proteins, and apoptotic proteins as well as mechanistic exploration of STAT3/STAT5 were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry and western blot. Results Delayed formation and slowed growth were apparent in A375-G6PD∆ cells, compared to A375-WT cells. Significantly decreased G6PD expression and activity were observed in tumor tissues induced by A375-G6PD∆, along with down-regulated cell cycle proteins cyclin D1, cyclin E, p53, and S100A4. Apoptosis-inhibited factors Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl were up-regulated; however, apoptosis factor Fas was down-regulated, compared to A375-WT cells. Moderate protein expressions were observed in A375-G6PD∆-G6PD-WT and A375-G6PD∆-G6PD-G487A cells. Conclusions G6PD may regulate apoptosis and expression of cell cycle-related proteins through phosphorylation of transcription factors STAT3 and STAT5, thus mediating formation and growth of human melanoma cells. Further study will, however, be required to determine potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China.
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Pan M, Lin M, Yang L, Wu J, Zhan X, Zhao Y, Wen Y, Liu G, Yang L, Cai Y. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene mutations detection by improved high-resolution DNA melting assay. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 40:3073-82. [PMID: 23275194 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2381-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a common inherited disorder worldwide including southern China. G6PD gene mutations cause deficiency of the enzyme and a large spectrum of diseases. High-resolution DNA melting (HRM) assay was recently introduced as a rapid, inexpensive and effective method for genotyping. But there was a shortcoming of this method that hemizygous and homozygous genotypes were not easily distinguished from wild-types. Here we used improved HRM method for a small-scale screening of G6PD-deficient variants among people of Meizhou region. Then all amplicons were ascertained by direct DNA sequencing. These results indicated that HRM method was a major technical advance for G6PD mutations screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichen Pan
- Medical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Li D, Zhu Y, Tang Q, Lu H, Li H, Yang Y, Li Z, Tong S. A new G6PD knockdown tumor-cell line with reduced proliferation and increased susceptibility to oxidative stress. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2009; 24:81-90. [PMID: 19243250 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2008.0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) has been implicated in the regulation of cellular antioxidative mechanisms. Tumor cells often lose the balance of oxidation and antioxidation, but the role of G6PD in such an imbalance is still largely unknown. To investigate the related function of G6PD in tumor cells, we established a stable line of A375 human melanoma cells with G6PD gene knockdown by a shRNA lentiviral cloning and expression system. The A375-G6PDDelta cells displayed the stable GFP coexpression after repeated freeze-thaw cycles and multiple passages, accompanied by an 88.83% suppression of the endogenous G6PD expression and a 78.47% decrease in G6PD activity. In comparison with the A375-WT cells, they were characterized by a reduced proliferation with the MTT proliferation assay, a 25% decrease in colony-forming efficiency, and an up to 40% increase of apoptotic rate with flow cytometry analysis. When further challenged by diamide-induced oxidative stress, these cells showed that a median lethal dose (LD(50)) of 1.2 mM decreased from that of the A375-WT cells (1.8 mM), and levels of NADPH and GSH decreased by 2.4-, 8.8-fold, respectively, with a 7.3-fold increase of H(2)O(2), as those of A375-WT cells. These results demonstrated that A375-G6PDDelta is a new, stable G6PD-deficient human tumor cell line, and that silencing G6PD expression decreased tumor-cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis. In addition, G6PD gene knockdown rendered tumor cells more susceptible to diamide-induced oxidative stress. Together, our data support the important functions of G6PD in the regulation of cell growth and antioxidative capacity of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyi Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Kunming Medical University, 191 West Renmin Road, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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Nkhoma ET, Poole C, Vannappagari V, Hall SA, Beutler E. The global prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2009; 42:267-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2008.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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