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Lopez-Vince E, Wilhelm C, Simon-Yarza T. Vascularized tumor models for the evaluation of drug delivery systems: a paradigm shift. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:2216-2241. [PMID: 38619704 PMCID: PMC11208221 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
As the conversion rate of preclinical studies for cancer treatment is low, user-friendly models that mimic the pathological microenvironment and drug intake with high throughput are scarce. Animal models are key, but an alternative to reduce their use would be valuable. Vascularized tumor-on-chip models combine great versatility with scalable throughput and are easy to use. Several strategies to integrate both tumor and vascular compartments have been developed, but few have been used to assess drug delivery. Permeability, intra/extravasation, and free drug circulation are often evaluated, but imperfectly recapitulate the processes at stake. Indeed, tumor targeting and chemoresistance bypass must be investigated to design promising cancer therapeutics. In vitro models that would help the development of drug delivery systems (DDS) are thus needed. They would allow selecting good candidates before animal studies based on rational criteria such as drug accumulation, diffusion in the tumor, and potency, as well as absence of side damage. In this review, we focus on vascularized tumor models. First, we detail their fabrication, and especially the materials, cell types, and coculture used. Then, the different strategies of vascularization are described along with their classical applications in intra/extravasation or free drug assessment. Finally, current trends in DDS for cancer are discussed with an overview of the current efforts in the domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Lopez-Vince
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, PCC, CNRS UMR168, Institut Curie, Sorbonne University, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, LVTS Inserm U1148, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, PCC, CNRS UMR168, Institut Curie, Sorbonne University, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Teresa Simon-Yarza
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, LVTS Inserm U1148, 75018, Paris, France.
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de Souza TP, Orlando LMR, Lara LDS, Paes VB, Dutra LP, dos Santos MS, Pereira MCDS. Synthesis and Anti- Trypanosoma cruzi Activity of New Pyrazole-Thiadiazole Scaffolds. Molecules 2024; 29:3544. [PMID: 39124949 PMCID: PMC11314410 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease, a silent but widespread disease that mainly affects a socioeconomically vulnerable population, lacks innovative safe drug therapy. The available drugs, benznidazole and nifurtimox, are more than fifty years old, have limited efficacy, and carry harmful side effects, highlighting the need for new therapeutics. This study presents two new series of pyrazole-thiadiazole compounds evaluated for trypanocidal activity using cellular models predictive of efficacy. Derivatives 1c (2,4-diCl) and 2k (4-NO2) were the most active against intracellular amastigotes. Derivative 1c also showed activity against trypomastigotes, with the detachment of the flagellum from the parasite body being a predominant effect at the ultrastructural level. Analogs have favorable physicochemical parameters and are predicted to be orally available. Drug efficacy was also evaluated in 3D cardiac microtissue, an important target tissue of Trypanosoma cruzi, with derivative 2k showing potent antiparasitic activity and a significant reduction in parasite load. Although 2k potentially reduced parasite load in the washout assay, it did not prevent parasite recrudescence. Drug combination analysis revealed an additive profile, which may lead to favorable clinical outcomes. Our data demonstrate the antiparasitic activity of pyrazole-thiadiazole derivatives and support the development of these compounds using new optimization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamyris Perez de Souza
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.d.S.); (L.M.R.O.); (L.d.S.L.); (V.B.P.)
| | - Lorraine Martins Rocha Orlando
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.d.S.); (L.M.R.O.); (L.d.S.L.); (V.B.P.)
| | - Leonardo da Silva Lara
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.d.S.); (L.M.R.O.); (L.d.S.L.); (V.B.P.)
| | - Vitoria Barbosa Paes
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.d.S.); (L.M.R.O.); (L.d.S.L.); (V.B.P.)
| | - Lucas Penha Dutra
- Laboratório de Síntese de Sistemas Heterocíclicos (LaSSH), Instituto de Física e Química (IFQ), Universidade Federal de Itajubá, Av. BPS 1303, Pinheirinho, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil; (L.P.D.); (M.S.d.S.)
| | - Mauricio Silva dos Santos
- Laboratório de Síntese de Sistemas Heterocíclicos (LaSSH), Instituto de Física e Química (IFQ), Universidade Federal de Itajubá, Av. BPS 1303, Pinheirinho, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil; (L.P.D.); (M.S.d.S.)
| | - Mirian Claudia de Souza Pereira
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.d.S.); (L.M.R.O.); (L.d.S.L.); (V.B.P.)
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Oncu S, Becit-Kizilkaya M, Sen S, Ugur-Kaplan AB, Cetin M, Celik S. Daidzein nanosuspension in combination with cisplatin to enhance therapeutic efficacy against A549 non-small lung cancer cells: an in vitro evaluation. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4871-4881. [PMID: 38159158 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02924-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality, chemo-resistance, and toxicity limit treatment. The focus is on innovative combined phytotherapy to improve treatment outcomes. Our aim was to investigate the potential effects of daidzein nanosuspension (DZ-NS) and its combination with cisplatin (CIS) on A549 non-small lung cancer cells. Cytotoxicity was investigated using MTT and Chou-Talalay methods. Oxidative, apoptotic, and inflammatory markers were analyzed by ELISA and qRT-PCR. The IC50 value for DZ-NS was 25.23 µM for 24 h and was lower than pure DZ (IC50 = 835 µM for pure DZ). DZ-NS (at IC50x2 and IC50 values) showed synergistic cytotoxicity with CIS. The cells treated with DZ-NS had low TOS and OSI levels. However, DZ-NS failed to regulate Cas3 and TGF-β1 activation in A549 cells. MMP-9 gene expression was significantly suppressed in DZ-NS-treated cells, especially in combination therapy. DZ represents a potential combination option for the treatment of lung cancer, and its poor toxicokinetic properties limit its clinical use. To overcome these limitations, the effects of the nanosuspension formulation were tested. DZ-NS showed a cytotoxic effect on A549 cells and optimized the therapeutic effect of CIS. This in vitro synergistic effect was mediated by suppression of MMP-9 and not by oxidative stress or Cas3-activated apoptosis. This study provides the basis for an in vivo and clinical trial of DZ-NS with concurrent chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyma Oncu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Merve Becit-Kizilkaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, 03030, Turkey.
| | - Serkan Sen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Ataturk Vocational School of Health Services, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Afife Busra Ugur-Kaplan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Meltem Cetin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sefa Celik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Choi SY, Kim TH, Kim MJ, Mun SJ, Kim TS, Jung KK, Oh IU, Oh JH, Son MJ, Lee JH. Validating Well-Functioning Hepatic Organoids for Toxicity Evaluation. TOXICS 2024; 12:371. [PMID: 38787150 PMCID: PMC11126009 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12050371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
"Organoids", three-dimensional self-organized organ-like miniature tissues, are proposed as intermediary models that bridge the gap between animal and human studies in drug development. Despite recent advancements in organoid model development, studies on toxicity using these models are limited. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to analyze the functionality and gene expression of pre- and post-differentiated human hepatic organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells and utilize them for toxicity assessment. First, we confirmed the functional similarity of this hepatic organoid model to the human liver through various functional assessments, such as glycogen storage, albumin and bile acid secretion, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity. Subsequently, utilizing these functionally validated hepatic organoids, we conducted toxicity evaluations with three hepatotoxic substances (ketoconazole, troglitazone, and tolcapone), which are well known for causing drug-induced liver injury, and three non-hepatotoxic substances (sucrose, ascorbic acid, and biotin). The organoids effectively distinguished between the toxicity levels of substances with and without hepatic toxicity. We demonstrated the potential of hepatic organoids with validated functionalities and genetic characteristics as promising models for toxicity evaluation by analyzing toxicological changes occurring in hepatoxic drug-treated organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Yoon Choi
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.C.); (T.H.K.); (M.J.K.); (T.S.K.); (I.U.O.); (J.H.O.)
| | - Tae Hee Kim
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.C.); (T.H.K.); (M.J.K.); (T.S.K.); (I.U.O.); (J.H.O.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.C.); (T.H.K.); (M.J.K.); (T.S.K.); (I.U.O.); (J.H.O.)
| | - Seon Ju Mun
- Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tae Sung Kim
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.C.); (T.H.K.); (M.J.K.); (T.S.K.); (I.U.O.); (J.H.O.)
| | - Ki Kyung Jung
- Division of Pharmacological Drug Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea;
| | - Il Ung Oh
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.C.); (T.H.K.); (M.J.K.); (T.S.K.); (I.U.O.); (J.H.O.)
| | - Jae Ho Oh
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.C.); (T.H.K.); (M.J.K.); (T.S.K.); (I.U.O.); (J.H.O.)
| | - Myung Jin Son
- Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Lee
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.C.); (T.H.K.); (M.J.K.); (T.S.K.); (I.U.O.); (J.H.O.)
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Abdelrazek NA, Saleh SE, Raafat MM, Ali AE, Aboulwafa MM. Production of highly cytotoxic and low immunogenic L-asparaginase from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia EMCC2297. AMB Express 2024; 14:51. [PMID: 38704453 PMCID: PMC11069494 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
L-asparaginase is an important therapeutic enzyme that is frequently utilized in the chemotherapy regimens of adults as well as pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, a high rate of hypersensitivity with prolonged use has limited its utilization. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) EMCC2297 isolate was reported as a novel and promising source for L- asparaginase. The present study aimed at the production, purification, and characterization of L- asparaginase from S. maltophilia EMCC2297 isolate. The microbial production of L-asparaginase by the test isolate could be increased by pre-exposure to chloramphenicol at 200 µg/ml concentration. S. maltophilia EMCC2297 L-asparaginase could be purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulphate precipitation and the purified form obtained by gel exclusion chromatography showed total activity of 96.4375 IU/ml and specific activity of 36.251 IU/mg protein. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the purified form of the enzyme is separated at an apparent molecular weight of 17 KDa. Michaelis-Menten constant analysis showed a Km value of 4.16 × 10- 2 M with L-asparagine as substrate and Vmax of 10.67 IU/ml. The antitumor activity of the purified enzyme was evaluated on different cell lines and revealed low IC50 of 2.2 IU/ml and 2.83 IU/ml for Hepatocellular cancer cell line (HepG-2), human leukemia cancer cell line (K-562), respectively whereas no cytotoxic effect could be detected on normal human lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5). However, mice treated with native L-asparaginase showed lower IgG titre compared to commercial L-asparaginase. This study highlights the promising characteristics of this enzyme making it a valuable candidate for further research and development to be an adduct in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada A Abdelrazek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Al Khalifa Al Maamoun St., Abbassia, Cairo, 11517, Egypt
| | - Sarra E Saleh
- Department of Microbiology and immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Raafat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Al Khalifa Al Maamoun St., Abbassia, Cairo, 11517, Egypt
| | - Amal E Ali
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Al Khalifa Al Maamoun St., Abbassia, Cairo, 11517, Egypt
| | - Mohammad M Aboulwafa
- Department of Microbiology and immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Ras-Sudr, Egypt.
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Skirzynska A, Xue C, Shoichet MS. Engineering Biomaterials to Model Immune-Tumor Interactions In Vitro. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310637. [PMID: 38349174 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Engineered biomaterial scaffolds are becoming more prominent in research laboratories to study drug efficacy for oncological applications in vitro, but do they have a place in pharmaceutical drug screening pipelines? The low efficacy of cancer drugs in phase II/III clinical trials suggests that there are critical mechanisms not properly accounted for in the pre-clinical evaluation of drug candidates. Immune cells associated with the tumor may account for some of these failures given recent successes with cancer immunotherapies; however, there are few representative platforms to study immune cells in the context of cancer as traditional 2D culture is typically monocultures and humanized animal models have a weakened immune composition. Biomaterials that replicate tumor microenvironmental cues may provide a more relevant model with greater in vitro complexity. In this review, the authors explore the pertinent microenvironmental cues that drive tumor progression in the context of the immune system, discuss how these cues can be incorporated into hydrogel design to culture immune cells, and describe progress toward precision oncological drug screening with engineered tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Skirzynska
- Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E5, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Chang Xue
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Molly S Shoichet
- Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E5, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada
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Fujiike AY, de Oliveira LCB, Ribeiro DL, Pereira ÉR, Okuyama NCM, Dos Santos AGP, de Syllos Cólus IM, Serpeloni JM. Effects of docetaxel on metastatic prostate (DU-145) carcinoma cells cultured as 2D monolayers and 3D multicellular tumor spheroids. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:227-244. [PMID: 38095149 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2293218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX) is one of the chemotherapeutic drugs indicated as a first-line treatment against metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). This study aimed to compare the impact of DTX on mPCa (DU-145) tumor cells cultured as 2D monolayers and 3D multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) in vitro. The cells were treated with DTX (1-96 µM) at 24, 48, or 72 hr in cell viability assays (resazurin, phosphatase acid, and lactate dehydrogenase). Cell death was assessed with fluorescent markers and proliferation by clonogenic assay (2D) and morphology, volume, and integrity assay (3D). The cell invasion was determined using transwell (2D) and extracellular matrix (ECM) (3D). Results showed that DTX decreased cell viability in both culture models. In 2D, the IC50 (72 hr) values were 11.06 μM and 14.23 μM for resazurin and phosphatase assays, respectively. In MCTS, the IC50 values for the same assays were 114.9 μM and 163.7 μM, approximately 10-fold higher than in the 2D model. The % of viable cells decreased, while the apoptotic cell number was elevated compared to the control in 2D. In 3D spheroids, only DTX 24 μM induced apoptosis. DTX (≥24 μM at 216 hr) lowered the volume, and DTX 96 μM completely disintegrated the MCTS. DTX reduced the invasion of mPCa cells to matrigel (2D) and migration from MCTS to the ECM. Data demonstrated significant differences in drug response between 2D and 3D cell culture models using mPCa DU-145 tumor cells. MCTS resembles the early stages of solid tumors in vivo and needs to be considered in conjunction with 2D cultures when searching for new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Yuri Fujiike
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Larissa Cristina Bastos de Oliveira
- Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, and Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Diego Luis Ribeiro
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (ICB/USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Érica Romão Pereira
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Nádia Calvo Martins Okuyama
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Ilce Mara de Syllos Cólus
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mara Serpeloni
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Ojwang' AME, Bazargan S, Johnson JO, Pilon-Thomas S, Rejniak KA. Histology-guided mathematical model of tumor oxygenation: sensitivity analysis of physical and computational parameters. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.05.583363. [PMID: 38496532 PMCID: PMC10942376 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.05.583363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
A hybrid off-lattice agent-based model has been developed to reconstruct the tumor tissue oxygenation landscape based on histology images and simulated interactions between vasculature and cells with microenvironment metabolites. Here, we performed a robustness sensitivity analysis of that model's physical and computational parameters. We found that changes in the domain boundary conditions, the initial conditions, and the Michaelis constant are negligible and, thus, do not affect the model outputs. The model is also not sensitive to small perturbations of the vascular influx or the maximum consumption rate of oxygen. However, the model is sensitive to large perturbations of these parameters and changes in the tissue boundary condition, emphasizing an imperative aim to measure these parameters experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awino Maureiq E Ojwang'
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sarah Bazargan
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joseph O Johnson
- Analytic Microscopy Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Shari Pilon-Thomas
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Katarzyna A Rejniak
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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9
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Hu A, Ojwang' AME, Olumoyin KD, Rejniak KA. Visualizing the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Clonal Evolution with LinG3D software. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.05.583631. [PMID: 38496472 PMCID: PMC10942425 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.05.583631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Cancer clonal evolution, especially following anti-cancer treatments, depends on the locations of the mutated cells within the tumor tissue. Cells near the vessels, exposed to higher concentrations of drugs, will undergo a different evolutionary path than cells residing far from the vasculature in the areas of lower drug levels. However, classical representations of cell lineage trees do not account for this spatial component of emerging cancer clones. Here, we propose the LinG3D (Lineage Graphs in 3D) algorithms to trace clonal evolution in space and time. These are an open-source collection of routines (in MATLAB, Python, and R) that enables spatio-temporal visualization of clonal evolution in a two-dimensional tumor slice from computer simulations of the tumor evolution models. These routines draw traces of tumor clones in both time and space, with an option to include a projection of a selected microenvironmental factor, such as the drug or oxygen distribution within the tumor. The utility of LinG3D has been demonstrated through examples of simulated tumors with different number of clones and, additionally, in experimental colony growth assay. This routine package extends the classical lineage trees, that show cellular clone relationships in time, by adding the space component to show the locations of cellular clones within the 2D tumor tissue patch from computer simulations of tumor evolution models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjun Hu
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa FL 33612, USA
| | - Awino Maureiq E Ojwang'
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa FL 33612, USA
| | - Kayode D Olumoyin
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa FL 33612, USA
| | - Katarzyna A Rejniak
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa FL 33612, USA
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Nwadiugwu M, Onwuekwe I, Ezeanolue E, Deng H. Beyond Amyloid: A Machine Learning-Driven Approach Reveals Properties of Potent GSK-3β Inhibitors Targeting Neurofibrillary Tangles. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2646. [PMID: 38473895 PMCID: PMC10931970 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Current treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) focus on slowing memory and cognitive decline, but none offer curative outcomes. This study aims to explore and curate the common properties of active, drug-like molecules that modulate glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), a well-documented kinase with increased activity in tau hyperphosphorylation and neurofibrillary tangles-hallmarks of AD pathology. Leveraging quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) data from the PubChem and ChEMBL databases, we employed seven machine learning models: logistic regression (LogR), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), extreme gradient boosting (XGB), neural networks (NNs), and ensemble majority voting. Our goal was to correctly predict active and inactive compounds that inhibit GSK-3β activity and identify their key properties. Among the six individual models, the NN demonstrated the highest performance with a 79% AUC-ROC on unbalanced external validation data, while the SVM model was superior in accurately classifying the compounds. The SVM and RF models surpassed NN in terms of Kappa values, and the ensemble majority voting model demonstrated slightly better accuracy to the NN on the external validation data. Feature importance analysis revealed that hydrogen bonds, phenol groups, and specific electronic characteristics are important features of molecular descriptors that positively correlate with active GSK-3β inhibition. Conversely, structural features like imidazole rings, sulfides, and methoxy groups showed a negative correlation. Our study highlights the significance of structural, electronic, and physicochemical descriptors in screening active candidates against GSK-3β. These predictive features could prove useful in therapeutic strategies to understand the important properties of GSK-3β candidate inhibitors that may potentially benefit non-amyloid-based AD treatments targeting neurofibrillary tangles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Nwadiugwu
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Ikenna Onwuekwe
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla 400001, Enugu, Nigeria;
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nsukka 400001, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Echezona Ezeanolue
- Center for Translation and Implementation Research (CTAIR), University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Enugu, Nigeria;
- Healthy Sunrise Foundation, Las Vegas, NV 89107, USA
| | - Hongwen Deng
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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11
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Darnal S, Raj R, Chhimwal J, Thakur S, Padwad YS, Singh D. Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of leukemic cells by a robust and stable L-asparaginase from Pseudomonas sp. PCH199. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128739. [PMID: 38096943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecules obtained from microorganisms living in extreme environments possess properties that have pharmacokinetic advantages. Enzyme assay revealed recombinant L-ASNase, an extremozyme from Pseudomonas sp. PCH199 is to be highly stable with 90 % activity (200 h) at 37 °C. The stability of the enzyme in human serum (50 % activity maintained in 63 h) reveals high therapeutic potential with less dosage. The enzyme exhibited cytotoxicity to K562 blood cancer cell lines with IC50 of 0.37 U/mL without affecting the IEC-6 normal epithelial cell line. Due to the depletion of L-asparagine, K562 cells experience nutritional stress that results in the abruption of metabolic processes and eventually leads to apoptosis. Comparative studies on MCF-7 cells also revealed the same fate. Due to nutritional stress induced by L-ASNase treatment, mitochondrial membrane potential was lost, and reactive oxygen species were increased to 48 % (K562) and 21 % (MCF-7) as indicated by flow cytometric analysis. DAPI staining with prominent nuclear morphological changes visualized under the fluorescent microscope confirmed apoptosis in both cancer cells. Treatment increases pro-apoptotic Bax protein, and eventually, the cell cycle is arrested at the G2/M phase in both cell lines. Therefore, the current study paves the way for PCH199 L-ASNase to be considered a potential chemotherapeutic agent for treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanyukta Darnal
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Ravi Raj
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Jyoti Chhimwal
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India; Dietetics & Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India
| | - Shubham Thakur
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India
| | - Yogendra S Padwad
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India; Dietetics & Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India.
| | - Dharam Singh
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India.
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12
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Sendra M, Cavia-Saiz M, Múñiz P. Are the BPA analogues an alternative to classical BPA? Comparison between 2D and alternative 3D in vitro neuron model to assess cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. Toxicology 2024; 502:153715. [PMID: 38211720 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BPA is used in a wide range of consumer products with very concern toxicological properties. The European Union has restricted its use to protect human health. Industry has substituted BPA by BPA analogues. However, there is a lack of knowledge about their impacts. In this work, BPA and 5 BPA analogues (BPS, BPAP, BPAF, BPFL and BPC) have been studied in classical SH-SY5Y and the alternative 3D in vitro models after 24 and 96 h of exposure. Cell viability, percentage of ROS, cell cycle phases as well as the morphology of the spheroids were measured. The 2D model was more sensitive than the 3D models with differences in cell viability higher than 60% after 24 h of exposure, and different mechanisms of ROS production. After chronic exposure, both models were more affected in comparison to the 24 h exposure. After a recovery time (96 h), the spheroids exposed to 2.5-40 µM were able to recover cell viability and the morphology. Among the BPs tested, BPFL>BPAF>BPAP and >BPC revealed higher toxicological effects, while BPS was the only one with lower effects than BPA. To conclude, the SH-SY5Y 3D model is a suitable candidate to perform more reliable in vitro neurotoxicity tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sendra
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001 Burgos, Spain; International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials for Advanced Industrial Technologies (ICCRAM), R&D Center, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Mónica Cavia-Saiz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Pilar Múñiz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
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13
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Poonja S, Forero Pinto A, Lloyd MC, Damaghi M, Rejniak KA. Dynamics of Fibril Collagen Remodeling by Tumor Cells: A Model of Tumor-Associated Collagen Signatures. Cells 2023; 12:2688. [PMID: 38067116 PMCID: PMC10705683 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Many solid tumors are characterized by a dense extracellular matrix (ECM) composed of various ECM fibril proteins. These proteins provide structural support and a biological context for the residing cells. The reciprocal interactions between growing and migrating tumor cells and the surrounding stroma result in dynamic changes in the ECM architecture and its properties. With the use of advanced imaging techniques, several specific patterns in the collagen surrounding the breast tumor have been identified in both tumor murine models and clinical histology images. These tumor-associated collagen signatures (TACS) include loosely organized fibrils far from the tumor and fibrils aligned either parallel or perpendicular to tumor colonies. They are correlated with tumor behavior, such as benign growth or invasive migration. However, it is not fully understood how one specific fibril pattern can be dynamically remodeled to form another alignment. Here, we present a novel multi-cellular lattice-free (MultiCell-LF) agent-based model of ECM that, in contrast to static histology images, can simulate dynamic changes between TACSs. This model allowed us to identify the rules of cell-ECM physical interplay and feedback that guided the emergence and transition among various TACSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharan Poonja
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ana Forero Pinto
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mark C. Lloyd
- Fujifilm Healthcare US, Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA;
| | - Mehdi Damaghi
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Katarzyna A. Rejniak
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Morsani School of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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14
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Zakaria NH, Saad N, Che Abdullah CA, Mohd Esa N. The Antiproliferative Effect of Chloroform Fraction of Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb. on 2D- and 3D-Human Lung Cancer Cells (A549) Model. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:936. [PMID: 37513848 PMCID: PMC10384492 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Since lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, research is being conducted to discover anticancer agents as its treatment. Eleutherine bulbosa, a Dayak folklore medicine, exhibited anticancer effects against several cancer cells; however, its anticancer potency against lung cancer cells has not been explored yet. This study aims to determine the anticancer potency of E. bulbosa bulbs against lung cancer cells (A549) using 2D and 3D culture models, as well as determine its active compounds using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Three fractions of E. bulbosa bulbs, namely chloroform, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate, were tested for cytotoxicity using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium-bromide (MTT) and CellTiter-Glo. The antiproliferative effects of the most cytotoxic fraction against the 2D culture model were determined by a clonogenic survival assay and propidium iodide/Hoechst 33342 double staining, whereas the effects against the 3D culture model were determined by microscopy, flow cytometry, and gene expression analysis. The chloroform fraction is the most cytotoxic against A549 cells than other fractions, and it inhibited colony formation and induced apoptosis of A549 cells. The chloroform fraction also inhibited the growth of the A549 spheroid by suppressing the spheroid size, inducing apoptosis, reducing the proportion of CD44 lung cancer stem cells, causing arrest at the S phase of the cell cycle, and suppressing the expression of the SOX2 and MYC genes. Furthermore, the GC-MS analysis detected 20 active compounds in the chloroform fraction, including the major compounds of eleutherine and isoeleutherine. In conclusion, the chloroform fraction of E. bulbosa bulbs exhibit its antiproliferative effect on 2D and 3D culture models of A549 cells, suggesting it could be a lung cancer chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Hannan Zakaria
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory (CANRES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Natural Medicine and Product Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norazalina Saad
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory (CANRES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory (CANRES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory (MSCL), Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ION2), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norhaizan Mohd Esa
- Natural Medicine and Product Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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15
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Sarkar A, Bhaskara Rao KV. Unraveling anticancer potential of a novel serine protease inhibitor from marine yeast Candida parapsilosis ABS1 against colorectal and breast cancer cells. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:225. [PMID: 37296286 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study was planned to isolate a serine protease inhibitor compound with anticancer potential against colorectal and breast cancer cells from marine yeast. Protease enzymes play a crucial role in the mechanism of life-threatening diseases like cancer, malaria and AIDS. Hence, blocking these enzymes with potential inhibitors can be an efficient approach in drug therapy for these diseases. A total of 12 marine yeast isolates, recovered from mangrove swamps of Sundarbans, India, showed inhibition activity against trypsin. The yeast isolate ABS1 showed highest inhibition activity (89%). The optimum conditions for protease inhibitor production were found to be glucose, ammonium phosphate, pH 7.0, 30 °C and 2 M NaCl. The PI protein from yeast isolate ABS1 was purified using ethyl acetate extraction and anion exchange chromatography. The purified protein was characterized using denaturing SDS-PAGE, Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS), Reverse Phase High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The intact molecular weight of the PI protein was determined to be 25.584 kDa. The PI protein was further studied for in vitro anticancer activities. The IC50 value for MTT cell proliferation assay was found to be 43 µg/ml against colorectal cancer HCT15 cells and 48 µg/ml against breast cancer MCF7 cells. Hoechst staining, DAPI staining and DNA fragmentation assay were performed to check the apoptotic cells. The marine yeast was identified as Candida parapsilosis ABS1 (Accession No. MH782231) using 18s rRNA sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Sarkar
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K V Bhaskara Rao
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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16
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Agena R, Cortés-Sánchez ADJ, Hernández-Sánchez H, Álvarez-Salas LM, Martínez-Rodríguez OP, García VHR, Jaramillo Flores ME. Pro-Apoptotic Activity and Cell Cycle Arrest of Caulerpa sertularioides against SKLU-1 Cancer Cell in 2D and 3D Cultures. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114361. [PMID: 37298837 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease with the highest mortality and morbidity rate worldwide. First-line drugs induce several side effects that drastically reduce the quality of life of people with this disease. Finding molecules to prevent it or generate less aggressiveness or no side effects is significant to counteract this problem. Therefore, this work searched for bioactive compounds of marine macroalgae as an alternative treatment. An 80% ethanol extract of dried Caulerpa sertularioides (CSE) was analyzed by HPLS-MS to identify the chemical components. CSE was utilized through a comparative 2D versus 3D culture model. Cisplatin (Cis) was used as a standard drug. The effects on cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, and tumor invasion were evaluated. The IC50 of CSE for the 2D model was 80.28 μg/mL versus 530 μg/mL for the 3D model after 24 h of treatment exposure. These results confirmed that the 3D model is more resistant to treatments and complex than the 2D model. CSE generated a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, induced apoptosis by extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, upregulated caspases-3 and -7, and significantly decreased tumor invasion of a 3D SKLU-1 lung adenocarcinoma cell line. CSE generates biochemical and morphological changes in the plasma membrane and causes cell cycle arrest at the S and G2/M phases. These findings conclude that C. sertularioides is a potential candidate for alternative treatment against lung cancer. This work reinforced the use of complex models for drug screening and suggested using CSE's primary component, caulerpin, to determine its effect and mechanism of action on SKLU-1 in the future. A multi-approach with molecular and histological analysis and combination with first-line drugs must be included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosette Agena
- Ingeniería Bioquímica-Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB)-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | | | - Humberto Hernández-Sánchez
- Ingeniería Bioquímica-Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB)-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Luis Marat Álvarez-Salas
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
| | - Oswaldo Pablo Martínez-Rodríguez
- Ingeniería Bioquímica-Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB)-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Víctor Hugo Rosales García
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
| | - María Eugenia Jaramillo Flores
- Ingeniería Bioquímica-Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB)-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
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17
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Raghavan A, Radhakrishnan M, Soren K, Wadnerkar P, Kumar A, Chakravarty S, Ghosh S. Biological Evaluation of Graphene Quantum Dots and Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots as Neurotrophic Agents. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023. [PMID: 37167607 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Over time, developments in nano-biomedical research have led to the creation of a number of systems to cure serious illnesses. Tandem use of nano-theragnostics such as diagnostic and therapeutic approaches tailored to the individual disease treatment is crucial for further development in the field of biomedical advancements. Graphene has garnered attention in the recent times as a potential nanomaterial for tissue engineering and regenerative medicines owing to its biocompatibility among the several other unique properties it possesses. The zero-dimensional graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and their nitrogen-doped variant, nitrogen-doped GQDs (N-GQDs), have good biocompatibility, and optical and physicochemical properties. GQDs have been extensively researched owing to several factors such as their size, surface charge, and interactions with other molecules found in biological media. This work briefly elucidates the potential of electroactive GQDs as well as N-GQDs as neurotrophic agents. In vitro investigations employing the N2A cell line were used to evaluate the effectiveness of GQDs and N-GQDs as neurotrophic agents, wherein basic investigations such as SRB assay and neurite outgrowth assay were performed. The results inferred from immunohistochemistry followed by confocal imaging studies as well as quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) studies corroborated those obtained from neurite outgrowth assay. We have also conducted a preliminary investigation of the pattern of gene expression for neurotrophic and gliotrophic growth factors using ex vivo neuronal and mixed glial cultures taken from the brains of postnatal day 2 mice pups. Overall, the studies indicated that GQDs and N-GQDs hold prospect as a framework for further development of neuroactive compounds for relevant central nervous system (CNS) purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Raghavan
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mydhili Radhakrishnan
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kalyani Soren
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | | | - Arvind Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- CSIR─Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sutapa Ghosh
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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18
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Darnal S, Patial V, Kumar V, Kumar S, Kumar V, Padwad YS, Singh D. Biochemical characterization of extremozyme L-asparaginase from Pseudomonas sp. PCH199 for therapeutics. AMB Express 2023; 13:22. [PMID: 36828987 PMCID: PMC9958223 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01521-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) from microbial sources is a commercially vital enzyme to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, the side effects associated with the commercial formulations of L-ASNases intrigued to explore for efficient and desired pharmacological enzymatic features. Here, we report the biochemical and cytotoxic evaluation of periplasmic L-ASNase of Pseudomonas sp. PCH199 isolated from the soil of Betula utilis, the Himalayan birch. L-ASNase production from wild-type PCH199 was enhanced by 2.2-fold using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Increased production of periplasmic L-ASNase was obtained using an optimized osmotic shock method followed by its purification. The purified L-ASNase was a monomer of 37.0 kDa with optimum activity at pH 8.5 and 60 ℃. It also showed thermostability retaining 100.0% (200 min) and 90.0% (70 min) of the activity at 37 and 50 ℃, respectively. The Km and Vmax values of the purified enzyme were 0.164 ± 0.009 mM and 54.78 ± 0.4 U/mg, respectively. L-ASNase was cytotoxic to the K562 blood cancer cell line (IC50 value 0.309 U/mL) within 24 h resulting in apoptotic nuclear morphological changes as examined by DAPI staining. Therefore, the dynamic functionality in a wide range of pH and temperature and stability of PCH199 L-ASNase at 37 ℃ with cytotoxic potential proves to be pharmaceutically important for therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanyukta Darnal
- grid.417640.00000 0004 0500 553XMolecular and Microbial Genetics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002 India
| | - Vijeta Patial
- grid.417640.00000 0004 0500 553XMolecular and Microbial Genetics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002 India
| | - Virender Kumar
- grid.417640.00000 0004 0500 553XMolecular and Microbial Genetics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India
| | - Subhash Kumar
- grid.417640.00000 0004 0500 553XMolecular and Microbial Genetics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002 India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- grid.417640.00000 0004 0500 553XMolecular and Microbial Genetics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India
| | - Yogendra S. Padwad
- grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002 India ,grid.417640.00000 0004 0500 553XDietetics & Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India
| | - Dharam Singh
- Molecular and Microbial Genetics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176 061, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
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19
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Prabhakaran P, Nadig A, M S, Tuladhar S, Raju RM, Chidambaram SB, Kempaiah BB, Raghavendra NM, Kumar BR P. Design and Development of Novel Glitazones for Activation of PGC-1α Signaling Via PPAR-γ Agonism: A Promising Therapeutic Approach against Parkinson's Disease. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:6825-6837. [PMID: 36844520 PMCID: PMC9948211 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we rationally designed and developed two novel glitazones (G1 and G2) to target peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) signaling through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR)-γ agonism as a therapeutic for Parkinson's disease (PD). The synthesized molecules were analyzed by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. The neuroprotective functionality of the synthesized molecules was assessed by a cell viability assay in lipopolysaccharide-intoxicated SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cell lines. The ability of these new glitazones to scavenge free radicals was further ascertained via a lipid peroxide assay, and pharmacokinetic properties were verified using in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity analyses. The molecular docking reports recognized the mode of interaction of the glitazones with PPAR-γ. The G1 and G2 exhibited a noticeable neuroprotective effect in lipopolysaccharide-intoxicated SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cells with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration value of 2.247 and 4.509 μM, respectively. Both test compounds prevented 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced motor impairment in mice, as demonstrated by the beam walk test. Further, treating the diseased mice with G1 and G2 resulted in significant restoration of antioxidant enzymes glutathione and superoxide and reduced the intensity of lipid peroxidation inside the brain tissues. Histopathological analysis of the glitazones-treated mice brain revealed a reduced apoptotic region and a rise in the number of viable pyramidal neurons and oligodendrocytes. The study concluded that G1 and G2 showed promising results in treating PD by activating PGC-1α signaling in brain via PPAR-γ agonism. However, more extensive research is necessary for a better understanding of functional targets and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabitha Prabhakaran
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Abhishek Nadig
- Department
of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Sahyadri M
- Department
of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Sunanda Tuladhar
- Department
of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Ruby Mariam Raju
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Department
of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Prashantha Kumar BR
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
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20
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Kieda J, Appak-Baskoy S, Jeyhani M, Navi M, Chan KWY, Tsai SSH. Microfluidically-generated Encapsulated Spheroids (μ-GELS): An All-Aqueous Droplet Microfluidics Platform for Multicellular Spheroids Generation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1043-1052. [PMID: 36626575 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Spheroids are three-dimensional clusters of cells that serve as in vitro tumor models to recapitulate in vivo morphology. A limitation of many existing on-chip platforms for spheroid formation is the use of cytotoxic organic solvents as the continuous phase in droplet generation processes. All-aqueous methods do not contain cytotoxic organic solvents but have so far been unable to achieve complete hydrogel gelation on chip. Here, we describe an enhanced droplet microfluidic platform that achieves on-chip gelation of all-aqueous hydrogel multicellular spheroids (MCSs). Specifically, we generate dextran-alginate droplets containing MCF-7 breast cancer cells, surrounded by polyethylene glycol, at a flow-focusing junction. Droplets then travel to a second flow-focusing junction where they interact with calcium chloride and gel on chip to form hydrogel MCSs. On-chip gelation of the MCSs is possible here because of an embedded capillary at the second junction that delays the droplet gelation, which prevents channel clogging problems that would otherwise exist. In drug-free experiments, we demonstrate that MCSs remain viable for 6 days. We also confirm the applicability of this system for cancer drug testing by observing that dose-dependent cell death is achievable using doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kieda
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Technology (iBEST) - A partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, TorontoM5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Sila Appak-Baskoy
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Technology (iBEST) - A partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, TorontoM5B 1W8, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Morteza Jeyhani
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Technology (iBEST) - A partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, TorontoM5B 1W8, Canada.,Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Maryam Navi
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Technology (iBEST) - A partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, TorontoM5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Katherine W Y Chan
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Technology (iBEST) - A partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, TorontoM5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Scott S H Tsai
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Technology (iBEST) - A partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, TorontoM5B 1W8, Canada.,Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, TorontoM5B 2K3, Canada
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21
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Dahis D, Azagury DM, Obeid F, Dion MZ, Cryer AM, Riquelme MA, Dosta P, Abraham AW, Gavish M, Artzi N, Shamay Y, Azhari H. Focused Ultrasound Enhances Brain Delivery of Sorafenib Nanoparticles. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dahis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Dana Meron Azagury
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Fadi Obeid
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion Institute of Technology Haifa 31096 Israel
| | - Michelle Z. Dion
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science MIT Cambridge 02139 MA USA
| | - Alexander M. Cryer
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science MIT Cambridge 02139 MA USA
| | - Mariana Alonso Riquelme
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
| | - Pere Dosta
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science MIT Cambridge 02139 MA USA
| | - Ariel William Abraham
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
| | - Moshe Gavish
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion Institute of Technology Haifa 31096 Israel
| | - Natalie Artzi
- Department of Medicine Engineering of Medicine Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Cambridge 02115 MA USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University Boston MA 02115 USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA USA
| | - Yosi Shamay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Haim Azhari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
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22
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Statistically developed docetaxel-laden mixed micelles for improved therapy of breast cancer. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Naveed M, Makhdoom SI, Ali U, Jabeen K, Aziz T, Khan AA, Jamil S, Shahzad M, Alharbi M, Alshammari A. Immunoinformatics Approach to Design Multi-Epitope-Based Vaccine against Machupo Virus Taking Viral Nucleocapsid as a Potential Candidate. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101732. [PMID: 36298597 PMCID: PMC9609340 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The family members of Arenaviridae include members of the genus Machupo virus, which have bi-segmented negative sense RNA inside the envelope and can be transferred to humans through rodent carriers. Machupo virus, a member of the mammarenavirus genus, causes Bolivian hemorrhage fever, its viral nucleocapsid protein being a significant virulence factor. Currently, no treatment is available for Bolivian hemorrhage fever and work to develop a protective as well as post-diagnosis treatment is underway. Adding to these efforts, this study employed a reverse-vaccinology approach to design a vaccine with B and T-cell epitopes of the viral nucleocapsid protein of the Machupo virus. Five B-cell specific, eight MHC-I restricted, and 14 MHC-II restricted epitopes were finalized for the construct based on an antigenicity score of >0.5 and non-allergenicity as a key characteristic. The poly-histidine tag was used to construct an immunogenic and stable vaccine construct and 50S ribosomal 46 protein L7/L12 adjuvant with linkers (EAAAK, GPGPG, and AYY). It covers 99.99% of the world’s population, making it highly efficient. The physicochemical properties like the aliphatic index (118.31) and the GRAVY index (0.302) showed that the vaccine is easily soluble. The overall Ramachandran score of the construct was 90.7%, and the instability index was 35.13, endorsing a stable structure. The immune simulations demonstrated a long-lasting antibody response even after the excretion of the antigen from the body in the first 5 days of injection. The IgM + IgG titers were predicted to rise to 6000 10 days post-injection and were illustrated to be stable (around 3000) after a month, elucidating that the vaccine would be effective and provide enduring protection. Lastly, the molecular interaction between the construct and the IKBKE receptor was significant and a higher eigenfactor value in MD simulations confirmed the stable molecular interaction between the receptor and the vaccine, validating our construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
- Correspondence: or (M.N.); or (T.A.)
| | - Syeda Izma Makhdoom
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Urooj Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Khizra Jabeen
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Aziz
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence: or (M.N.); or (T.A.)
| | - Ayaz Ali Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
| | - Sumbal Jamil
- Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- School of Biological Sciences, Health and Life Sciences Building, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, UK
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Rezaeipour Y, Zolghadr E, Alizadeh P, Sadri G, Wujcik EK, Afkhami FA, Elliott M, Dadashi Firouzjaei M. The anticancer properties of metal-organic frameworks and their heterogeneous nanocomposites. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 139:213013. [PMID: 35882158 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, silver-based metal-organic framework (AgMOF) and its graphene oxide (GO)-decorated nanocomposite (GO-AgMOF) are proposed for use in emerging biomedical applications. The nanocomposites are characterized, and hence, in vitro apoptotic and antibacterial features of AgMOF and GO-AgMOF nanomaterials were investigated. An MTT cytocompatibility assay indicates that these nanomaterials have dose-dependent toxicity in contact with SW480, colon adenocarcinoma cells. In addition, the cell death mechanism was explored by analyzing flow cytometry and caspase activity. Furthermore, the expressions of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes were investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Comparing the control group with the groups treated by the nanomaterials indicates up-regulation of the BAX/BCl2 ratio. We also measured the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) of these nanomaterials acting on S. mutans and S. aureus, which indicates excellent antibacterial properties. Showing inhibition effect on the viability of cancerous cells through apoptosis and antibacterial effects simultaneously, AgMOF and GO-AgMOF can be regarded as potential therapeutics for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashar Rezaeipour
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Zolghadr
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Parvin Alizadeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ghazal Sadri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Evan K Wujcik
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Farhad Akbari Afkhami
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Mark Elliott
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
| | - Mostafa Dadashi Firouzjaei
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
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25
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Xu Y, Pachnikova G, Wang H, Wu Y, Przybilla D, Schäfer R, Chen Z, Zhu S, Keilholz U. IC50: an unsuitable measure for large-sized prostate cancer spheroids in drug sensitivity evaluation. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2022; 22:580-592. [PMID: 35694767 PMCID: PMC9392968 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2022.7279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Preclinical models of tumors have the potential to become valuable tools for commercial drug research and development, and 3D culture systems are gaining traction in this area, particularly in prostate cancer (PCa) research. However, nearly all 3D drug design and screening assessments are based on 2D experiments, suggesting limitations of 3D drug testing. To simulate the natural response of human cells to the drug, we detected the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) changes of 2D/3D LNCaP cells in the drug docetaxel, as well as the sensitivity of different morphologies of 2D/3D LNCaP to docetaxel treatment. In contrast to 2D LNCaP cells, the evaluation of LNCaP spheroids' susceptibility to treatment was more complicated; the fitness of IC50 curves of 2D and 3D tumor cell preclinical models differs significantly. IC50 curves were unsuitable for large-sized LNCaP spheroids. More evaluation indexes (such as max inhibition) and experiments (such as spheroids formation) should be explored and performed to evaluate the susceptibility systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Xu
- Department of Urology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China,The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Hangzhou, China,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gabriela Pachnikova
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - He Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaoyao Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dorothea Przybilla
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zihao Chen
- Department of Urology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoxing Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China,The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Hangzhou, China,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China,Corresponding authors: Shaoxing Zhu, Department of Urology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China. E-mail:
| | - Ulrich Keilholz
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany,
Ulrich Keilholz; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. E-mail:
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26
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Evaluation of Biological Activity of Natural Compounds: Current Trends and Methods. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144490. [PMID: 35889361 PMCID: PMC9324072 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds have diverse structures and are present in different forms of life. Metabolites such as tannins, anthocyanins, and alkaloids, among others, serve as a defense mechanism in live organisms and are undoubtedly compounds of interest for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Plants, bacteria, and insects represent sources of biomolecules with diverse activities, which are in many cases poorly studied. To use these molecules for different applications, it is essential to know their structure, concentrations, and biological activity potential. In vitro techniques that evaluate the biological activity of the molecules of interest have been developed since the 1950s. Currently, different methodologies have emerged to overcome some of the limitations of these traditional techniques, mainly via reductions in time and costs. These emerging technologies continue to appear due to the urgent need to expand the analysis capacity of a growing number of reported biomolecules. This review presents an updated summary of the conventional and relevant methods to evaluate the natural compounds’ biological activity in vitro.
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27
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Rossi M, Blasi P. Multicellular Tumor Spheroids in Nanomedicine Research: A Perspective. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:909943. [PMID: 35782575 PMCID: PMC9240201 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.909943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicellular tumor spheroids are largely exploited in cancer research since they are more predictive than bi-dimensional cell cultures. Nanomedicine would benefit from the integration of this three-dimensional in vitro model in screening protocols. In this brief work, we discuss some of the issues that cancer nanomedicine will need to consider in the switch from bi-dimensional to three-dimensional multicellular tumor spheroid models.
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28
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The Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Test as an Alternative Method for Embryotoxicity Testing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063295. [PMID: 35328717 PMCID: PMC8950674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of substances for their potency to induce embryotoxicity is controlled by safety regulations. Test guidelines for reproductive and developmental toxicity rely mainly on animal studies, which make up the majority of animal usage in regulatory toxicology. Therefore, there is an urgent need for alternative in vitro methods to follow the 3R principles. To improve human safety, cell models based on human cells are of great interest to overcome species differences. Here, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are an ideal cell source as they largely recapitulate embryonic stem cells without bearing ethical concerns and they are able to differentiate into most cell types of the human body. Here, we set up and characterized a fetal bovine serum (FBS)-free hiPSC-based in vitro test method, called the human induced pluripotent stem cell test (hiPS Test), to evaluate the embryotoxic potential of substances. After 10 days in culture, hiPSCs develop into beating cardiomyocytes. As terminal endpoint evaluations, cell viability, qPCR analyses as well as beating frequency and area of beating cardiomyocytes by video analyses are measured. The embryotoxic positive and non-embryotoxic negative controls, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and Penicillin G (PenG), respectively, were correctly assessed in the hiPS Test. More compounds need to be screened in the future for defining the assay’s applicability domain, which will inform us of the suitability of the hiPS Test for detecting adverse effects of substances on embryonic development.
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29
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Vale JAD, Rodrigues MP, Lima ÂMA, Santiago SS, Lima GDDA, Almeida AA, Oliveira LLD, Bressan GC, Teixeira RR, Machado-Neves M. Synthesis of cinnamic acid ester derivatives with antiproliferative and antimetastatic activities on murine melanoma cells. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 148:112689. [PMID: 35149386 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer, and its incidence has continued to rise during the past decades. Conventional treatments present severe side effects in cancer patients, and melanoma can be refractory to commonly used anticancer drugs, which justify the efforts to find new potential anti-melanoma drugs. An alternative to promote the discovery of new pharmacological substances would be modifying chemical groups from a bioactive compound. Here we describe the synthesis of seventeen compounds derived from cinnamic acid and their bioactivity evaluation against melanoma cells. The compound phenyl 2,3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoate (3q) was the most effective against murine B16-F10 cells, as observed in cytotoxicity and cell migration assays. Simultaneously, this compound showed low cytotoxic activity on non-tumor cells. At the highest concentration, the compound 3q was able to trigger apoptosis, whereas, at lower concentrations, it affected the cell cycle and melanoma cell proliferation. Furthermore, cinnamate 3q impaired cell invasion, adhesion, colonization, and actin polymerization. In conclusion, these results highlight the antiproliferative and antimetastatic potential of cinnamic acid derivatives on melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Alves do Vale
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Alisson Andrade Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Costa Bressan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - Mariana Machado-Neves
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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30
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Xu Y, Pachnikova G, Przybilla D, Schäfer R, Cui Y, Zhou D, Chen Z, Zhao A, Keilholz U. Evaluation of JQ1 Combined With Docetaxel for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer Cells in 2D- and 3D-Culture Systems. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:839620. [PMID: 35185589 PMCID: PMC8850784 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.839620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is dependent on coupled androgen-androgen receptor (AR) signaling for growth and progression. Significant efforts have been made in this research field, as hormonal therapies have greatly improved the survival of patients with metastatic PCa (mPCa). The drug treatment agent JQ1, which potently abrogates bromodomain 4 (BRD4) localization to the AR target loci and therefore significantly impairs AR-mediated gene transcription, is a potent therapeutic option for patients with advanced PCa. In this study, we aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of JQ1 combined with docetaxel on PCa cells in vitro for the first time. Furthermore, the 3D spheroid culture system was modeled to more accurately simulate the response of PCa cells to drugs.Methods: We established and measured 3D LNCaP spheroids in vitro in order to evaluate the susceptibility of 2D- and 3D-cultured LNCaP cells exposed to the same anti-cancer drug.Results: We demonstrated that JQ1 was an effective drug for promoting cell inhibition after docetaxel treatment in 2D- and 3D- cultured LNCaP cells. Inhibition of 3D cultured formation in the combined treatment group was significantly higher than that in docetaxel or JQ1 alone. Under the same conditions of drug solubility, the drug resistance of 3D spheroids was significantly higher than that of 2D cells. Moreover, dmax and lg volume were suitable parameters for LNCaP cells/spheroid size displaying and evaluating cell viability.Conclusion: 3D cultured spheroids of PCa are an effective tool for studying PCa drug trials. JQ1 combined with docetaxel may be an effective treatment for advanced PCa. This combination therapy strategy deserves further evaluation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Xu
- Department of Urology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gabriela Pachnikova
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorothea Przybilla
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yingying Cui
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dan Zhou
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zihao Chen
- Department of Urology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - An Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Experimental Research Center, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: An Zhao, ; Ulrich Keilholz,
| | - Ulrich Keilholz
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: An Zhao, ; Ulrich Keilholz,
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31
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Ghosh S, Nag S, Saha KD, Banerji B. S-Benzyl Cysteine Based Cyclic Dipeptide Super Hydrogelator: Enhancing Efficacy of an Anticancer Drug via Sustainable Release. J Pept Sci 2022; 28:e3403. [PMID: 35001443 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Peptide based low molecular weight supramolecular hydrogels hold promising aspects in various fields of application especially in biomaterial and biomedical sciences such as drug delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering, cell proliferation, etc due to their extreme biocompatibility. Unlike linear peptides, cyclic peptides have more structural rigidity and tolerance to enzymatic degradation and high environmental stability which make them even better candidates for the above said applications. Herein, a new small cyclic dipeptide (CDP) cyclo-(Leu-S-Bzl-Cys) (P1) consisting of L-leucine and S-benzyl protected L-cysteine was reported which formed hydrogel at physiological conditions (at 37o C and pH=7.46). The hydrogel formed from the cyclic dipeptide P1 showed very good tolerance towards environmental parameters such as pH, temperature and was seen to be stable for more than a year without any deformation. The hydrogel was thermoreversible and stable in the pH range 6-12. Mechanical strength of P1 hydrogel was measured by rheology experiment. AFM and FE-SEM images revealed that in aqueous solvents P1 self-assembled into a highly cross-linked nanofibrillar network which immobilized water molecules inside the cages and formed the hydrogel. The self-assembled cyclic dipeptide acquired antiparallel β-sheet secondary structure which was evident from CD and FT-IR studies. The β-sheet arrangement and formation of amyloid fibrils were further established by ThT binding assay. Furthermore, P1 was able to form hydrogel in presence of anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and sustainable release of the drug from the hydrogel was measured in-vitro. The hydrogelator P1 showed almost no cytotoxicity towards human colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 up to a considerable high concentration and showed potential application in sustainable drug delivery. The co-assembly of 5FU and P1 hydrogel exhibited much better anticancer activity towards HCT116 cancer cell line than 5-fluorouracil alone and decreased the IC50 dose of 5-fluorouracil to a much lower value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswati Ghosh
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), Kolkata, India
| | - Sayoni Nag
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), Kolkata, India
| | - Krishna Das Saha
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), Kolkata, India
| | - Biswadip Banerji
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), Kolkata, India
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Gondal MN, Chaudhary SU. Navigating Multi-Scale Cancer Systems Biology Towards Model-Driven Clinical Oncology and Its Applications in Personalized Therapeutics. Front Oncol 2021; 11:712505. [PMID: 34900668 PMCID: PMC8652070 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.712505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid advancements in high-throughput omics technologies and experimental protocols have led to the generation of vast amounts of scale-specific biomolecular data on cancer that now populates several online databases and resources. Cancer systems biology models built using this data have the potential to provide specific insights into complex multifactorial aberrations underpinning tumor initiation, development, and metastasis. Furthermore, the annotation of these single- and multi-scale models with patient data can additionally assist in designing personalized therapeutic interventions as well as aid in clinical decision-making. Here, we have systematically reviewed the emergence and evolution of (i) repositories with scale-specific and multi-scale biomolecular cancer data, (ii) systems biology models developed using this data, (iii) associated simulation software for the development of personalized cancer therapeutics, and (iv) translational attempts to pipeline multi-scale panomics data for data-driven in silico clinical oncology. The review concludes that the absence of a generic, zero-code, panomics-based multi-scale modeling pipeline and associated software framework, impedes the development and seamless deployment of personalized in silico multi-scale models in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnoor Naseer Gondal
- Biomedical Informatics Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Safee Ullah Chaudhary
- Biomedical Informatics Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Liu X, Fang J, Huang S, Wu X, Xie X, Wang J, Liu F, Zhang M, Peng Z, Hu N. Tumor-on-a-chip: from bioinspired design to biomedical application. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2021; 7:50. [PMID: 34567763 PMCID: PMC8433302 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00277-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of human death, despite enormous efforts to explore cancer biology and develop anticancer therapies. The main challenges in cancer research are establishing an efficient tumor microenvironment in vitro and exploring efficient means for screening anticancer drugs to reveal the nature of cancer and develop treatments. The tumor microenvironment possesses human-specific biophysical and biochemical factors that are difficult to recapitulate in conventional in vitro planar cell models and in vivo animal models. Therefore, model limitations have hindered the translation of basic research findings to clinical applications. In this review, we introduce the recent progress in tumor-on-a-chip devices for cancer biology research, medicine assessment, and biomedical applications in detail. The emerging tumor-on-a-chip platforms integrating 3D cell culture, microfluidic technology, and tissue engineering have successfully mimicked the pivotal structural and functional characteristics of the in vivo tumor microenvironment. The recent advances in tumor-on-a-chip platforms for cancer biology studies and biomedical applications are detailed and analyzed in this review. This review should be valuable for further understanding the mechanisms of the tumor evolution process, screening anticancer drugs, and developing cancer therapies, and it addresses the challenges and potential opportunities in predicting drug screening and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaru Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanmao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenwei Peng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
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Suveges S, Chamseddine I, Rejniak KA, Eftimie R, Trucu D. Collective Cell Migration in a Fibrous Environment: A Hybrid Multiscale Modelling Approach. FRONTIERS IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS 2021; 7:680029. [PMID: 34322539 PMCID: PMC8315487 DOI: 10.3389/fams.2021.680029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The specific structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and in particular the density and orientation of collagen fibres, plays an important role in the evolution of solid cancers. While many experimental studies discussed the role of ECM in individual and collective cell migration, there are still unanswered questions about the impact of nonlocal cell sensing of other cells on the overall shape of tumour aggregation and its migration type. There are also unanswered questions about the migration and spread of tumour that arises at the boundary between different tissues with different collagen fibre orientations. To address these questions, in this study we develop a hybrid multi-scale model that considers the cells as individual entities and ECM as a continuous field. The numerical simulations obtained through this model match experimental observations, confirming that tumour aggregations are not moving if the ECM fibres are distributed randomly, and they only move when the ECM fibres are highly aligned. Moreover, the stationary tumour aggregations can have circular shapes or irregular shapes (with finger-like protrusions), while the moving tumour aggregations have elongate shapes (resembling to clusters, strands or files). We also show that the cell sensing radius impacts tumour shape only when there is a low ratio of fibre to non-fibre ECM components. Finally, we investigate the impact of different ECM fibre orientations corresponding to different tissues, on the overall tumour invasion of these neighbouring tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ibrahim Chamseddine
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa Florida, USA
| | - Katarzyna A. Rejniak
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa Florida, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa Florida, USA
| | - Raluca Eftimie
- Laboratoire Mathématiques de Besançon, UMR-CNRS 6623, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, Besançon, France
| | - Dumitru Trucu
- Department of Mathematics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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Ravera M, Gabano E, Zanellato I, Rangone B, Perin E, Ferrari B, Bottone MG, Osella D. Cis,cis,trans-[Pt IVCl 2(NH 3) 2(perillato) 2], a dual-action prodrug with excellent cytotoxic and antimetastatic activity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:3161-3177. [PMID: 33595015 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04051g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Two Pt(iv) conjugates containing one or two molecules of perillic acid (4-isopropenylcyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid), an active metabolite of limonene, were synthesized both with traditional and microwave-assisted methods and characterized. Their antiproliferative activity was tested on a panel of human tumor cell lines. In particular, cis,cis,trans-[PtIVCl2(NH3)2(perillato)2] exhibited excellent antiproliferative and antimetastatic activity on A-549 lung tumor cells at nanomolar concentrations. A number of in vitro biological tests were performed to decipher some aspects of its mechanism of action, including transwell migration and invasion as well as wound healing assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Ravera
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy.
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Hassan S, Peluso J, Chalhoub S, Idoux Gillet Y, Benkirane-Jessel N, Rochel N, Fuhrmann G, Ubeaud-Sequier G. Quercetin potentializes the respective cytotoxic activity of gemcitabine or doxorubicin on 3D culture of AsPC-1 or HepG2 cells, through the inhibition of HIF-1α and MDR1. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240676. [PMID: 33052979 PMCID: PMC7556446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of cancer on lifespan is significantly increasing worldwide. Enhanced activity of drug efflux pumps and the incidences of the tumor microenvironment such as the apparition of a hypoxic gradient inside of the bulk tumor, are the major causes of chemotherapy failure. For instance, expression of Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) has been associated with metastasis, resistance to chemotherapy and reduced survival rate. One of the current challenges to fight against cancer is therefore to find new molecules with therapeutic potential that could overcome this chemoresistance. In the present study, we focused on the bioactive plant flavonoid quercetin, which has strong antioxidant and anti-proliferative properties. We examined the efficacy of combined treatments of quercetin and the anti-cancer drugs gemcitabine and doxorubicin, known to specifically act on human pancreatic and hepatic cancer cells, respectively. Moreover, our study aimed to investigate more in-depth the implication of the multidrug transporter MDR1 and HIF-1α n chemoresistance and if quercetin could act on the activity of the drug efflux pumps and the hypoxia-associated effects. We observed that the anti-cancer drugs, were more effective when administered in combination with quercetin, as shown by an increased percentage of dead cells up to 60% in both 2D and 3D cultures. In addition, our results indicated that the combination of anti-cancer drugs and quercetin down-regulated the expression of HIF-1α and increased the expression levels of the regulator of apoptosis p53. Moreover, we observed that quercetin could inhibit the efflux activity of MDR1. Finally, our in vitro study suggests that the efficiency of the chemotherapeutic activity of known anti-cancer drugs might be significantly increased upon combination with quercetin. This flavonoid may therefore be a promising pharmacological agent for novel combination therapy since it potentializes the cytotoxic activity of gemcitabine and doxorubicin on by targeting the chemoresistance developed by the pancreatic and liver cancer cells respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hassan
- Regenerative Nanomedicine, INSERM UMR 1260, FMTS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Platform eBiocyt-UPS1401, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Jean Peluso
- Platform eBiocyt-UPS1401, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sandra Chalhoub
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM, U964 CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ysia Idoux Gillet
- Regenerative Nanomedicine, INSERM UMR 1260, FMTS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nadia Benkirane-Jessel
- Regenerative Nanomedicine, INSERM UMR 1260, FMTS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Natacha Rochel
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM, U964 CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Guy Fuhrmann
- Regenerative Nanomedicine, INSERM UMR 1260, FMTS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Genevieve Ubeaud-Sequier
- Regenerative Nanomedicine, INSERM UMR 1260, FMTS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Platform eBiocyt-UPS1401, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Department of Pharmacy, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
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