1
|
Schnipper JL, Oreper S, Hubbard CC, Kurbegov D, Egloff SAA, Najafi N, Valdes G, Siddiqui Z, O 'Leary KJ, Horwitz LI, Lee T, Auerbach AD. Analysis of Clinical Criteria for Discharge Among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: Development and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model. J Gen Intern Med 2024:10.1007/s11606-024-08856-x. [PMID: 38937368 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-024-08856-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 can clinically deteriorate after a period of initial stability, making optimal timing of discharge a clinical and operational challenge. OBJECTIVE To determine risks for post-discharge readmission and death among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. DESIGN Multicenter retrospective observational cohort study, 2020-2021, with 30-day follow-up. PARTICIPANTS Adults admitted for care of COVID-19 respiratory disease between March 2, 2020, and February 11, 2021, to one of 180 US hospitals affiliated with the HCA Healthcare system. MAIN MEASURES Readmission to or death at an HCA hospital within 30 days of discharge was assessed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated using an internal validation set (33% of the HCA cohort), and external validation was performed using similar data from six academic centers associated with a hospital medicine research network (HOMERuN). KEY RESULTS The final HCA cohort included 62,195 patients (mean age 61.9 years, 51.9% male), of whom 4704 (7.6%) were readmitted or died within 30 days of discharge. Independent risk factors for death or readmission included fever within 72 h of discharge; tachypnea, tachycardia, or lack of improvement in oxygen requirement in the last 24 h; lymphopenia or thrombocytopenia at the time of discharge; being ≤ 7 days since first positive test for SARS-CoV-2; HOSPITAL readmission risk score ≥ 5; and several comorbidities. Inpatient treatment with remdesivir or anticoagulation were associated with lower odds. The model's AUC for the internal validation set was 0.73 (95% CI 0.71-0.74) and 0.66 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.67) for the external validation set. CONCLUSIONS This large retrospective study identified several factors associated with post-discharge readmission or death in models which performed with good discrimination. Patients 7 or fewer days since test positivity and who demonstrate potentially reversible risk factors may benefit from delaying discharge until those risk factors resolve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Schnipper
- Hospital Medicine Unit, Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- COVID-19 Consortium of HCA Healthcare and Academia for Research Generation (CHARGE), Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Sandra Oreper
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- COVID-19 Consortium of HCA Healthcare and Academia for Research Generation (CHARGE), Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Colin C Hubbard
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- COVID-19 Consortium of HCA Healthcare and Academia for Research Generation (CHARGE), Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dax Kurbegov
- COVID-19 Consortium of HCA Healthcare and Academia for Research Generation (CHARGE), Nashville, TN, USA
- HCA Healthcare, Sarah Cannon Research Institute (SCRI), Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shanna A Arnold Egloff
- COVID-19 Consortium of HCA Healthcare and Academia for Research Generation (CHARGE), Nashville, TN, USA
- HCA Healthcare, Sarah Cannon Research Institute (SCRI), Nashville, TN, USA
- HCA Healthcare, HCA Healthcare Research Institute (HRI), Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Nader Najafi
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- COVID-19 Consortium of HCA Healthcare and Academia for Research Generation (CHARGE), Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gilmer Valdes
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- COVID-19 Consortium of HCA Healthcare and Academia for Research Generation (CHARGE), Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Zishan Siddiqui
- Division of Hospital Medicine, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin J O 'Leary
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Leora I Horwitz
- Department of Population Health, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine; Center for Healthcare Innovation and Delivery Science, NYU Langone Health, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Tiffany Lee
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- COVID-19 Consortium of HCA Healthcare and Academia for Research Generation (CHARGE), Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrew D Auerbach
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- COVID-19 Consortium of HCA Healthcare and Academia for Research Generation (CHARGE), Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yousufuddin M, Mahmood M, Barkoudah E, Badr F, Khandelwal K, Manyara W, Sharma U, Abdalrhim AD, Issa M, Bhagra S, Murad MH. Rural-urban Differences in Long-term Mortality and Readmission Following COVID-19 Hospitalization, 2020 to 2023. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofae197. [PMID: 38698896 PMCID: PMC11065360 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background We compared long-term mortality and readmission rates after COVID-19 hospitalization based on rural-urban status and assessed the impact of COVID-19 vaccination introduction on clinical outcomes by rurality. Methods The study comprised adults hospitalized for COVID-19 at 17 hospitals in 4 US states between March 2020 and July 2022, followed until May 2023. The main analysis included all patients, whereas a sensitivity analysis focused on residents from 4 states containing 17 hospitals. Additional analyses compared the pre- and postvaccination periods. Results The main analysis involved 9325 COVID-19 hospitalized patients: 31% were from 187 rural counties in 31 states; 69% from 234 urban counties in 44 states; the mean age was 65 years (rural, 66 years; urban, 64 years); 3894 women (rural, 41%; urban, 42%); 8007 Whites (rural, 87%; urban, 83%); 1738 deaths (rural, 21%; urban, 17%); and 2729 readmissions (rural, 30%; urban, 29%). During a median follow-up of 602 days, rural residence was associated with a 22% higher all-cause mortality (log-rank, P < .001; hazard ratio, 1.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.34, P < .001), and a trend toward a higher readmission rate (log-rank, P = .038; hazard ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, .98-1.15; P = .130). The results remained consistent in the sensitivity analysis and in both pre- and postvaccination time periods. Conclusions and Relevance Patients from rural counties experienced higher mortality and tended to be readmitted more frequently following COVID-19 hospitalization over the long term compared with those from urban counties, a difference that remained even after the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Yousufuddin
- Department of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Maryam Mahmood
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ebrahim Barkoudah
- Department of Internal Medicine/Hospital Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fatimazahra Badr
- Department of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kanika Khandelwal
- Department of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Warren Manyara
- Department of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Umesh Sharma
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Ahmed D Abdalrhim
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Meltiady Issa
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sumit Bhagra
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mohammad H Murad
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Al-Tawfiq JA, Kheir H, Al-Qahtani S, Jarrah M, Shalabi M, Hattab O, Buhaliqa M, Al Khadra H. Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 home monitoring in Saudi Arabia during the second and third waves. IJID REGIONS 2023; 6:142-145. [PMID: 36818018 PMCID: PMC9916128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread around the world, patient care was shifted to outpatient care and home monitoring. This paper describes the characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treated at home during the second and third waves in Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods Descriptive evaluation of the characteristics and outcome of COVID-19-positive cases enrolled in the home monitoring programme. Results This study included 14,970 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients (52.6% male). The mean age was 30.8 [standard deviation (SD) 19.9] years. Among the confirmed cases, 14,234 had documented vaccination status; of these, 3943 (27.7%) had not received any doses of COVID-19 vaccine, 1452 (10.2%) had received one dose, 4882 (34.3%) had received two doses, and 3957 (27.8%) had received three doses. The mean number of days in the home monitoring programme was 8.3 (SD 3.5) days. The mean interval from the last vaccine dose until SARS-CoV-2 infection was 116.6 (SD 75.5) days in 7975 patients. The presence of comorbidities was as follows: chronic kidney disease, 340 (2.3%); hypertension, 2569 (17.2%); chronic pulmonary disease, 2539 (17%); smoking, 1711 (11.4%) of 9269 with documented smoking histroy; coronary artery disease, 854 (5.7%); and diabetes mellitus, 1531 (10.3%). The hospitalization rate was 1.8%, and the case fatality rate was 5% of admitted patients, accounting for 0.11% of all cases. The mean age of patients who died was 76.6 (SD 17.7) years, which was higher compared with the mean age of those who survived [30.8 (SD 19.9) years] (P<0.001). Conclusion Utilization of a home monitoring programme was effective and safe for patients with COVID-19 who were either asymptomatic or had mild symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
- Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia,Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA,Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Corresponding author. Address: P.O. Box 76; Room D-0032, Building 61, Dhahran Health Centre, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia. (J.A. Al-Tawfiq)
| | - Hatim Kheir
- Primary Care Division, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Primary Care Division, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Jarrah
- Primary Care Division, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Shalabi
- Primary Care Division, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Hattab
- Nursing Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Buhaliqa
- Nursing Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Al Khadra
- Primary Care Division, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Home oxygen monitoring and therapy have been increasingly used in the management of patients with chronic diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the rapid uptake of remote monitoring programmes to support people with COVID-19 at home. This review discusses the recent evidence and learning in home oxygen monitoring and therapy from the pandemic. RECENT FINDINGS Many home oxygen monitoring programmes were established around the world during the pandemic, mostly in high-income countries to support early detection of hypoxaemia and/or early hospital discharge. The characteristics of these programmes vary widely in the type of monitoring (self-monitoring or clinician-monitoring) and the patient risk groups targeted. There is a lack of evidence for benefits on clinical outcomes, including mortality, and on reductions in healthcare utilisation or cost-effectiveness, but programmes are viewed positively by patients. Recent studies have highlighted the potential bias in pulse oximetry in people with darker skin. SUMMARY Recent evidence indicates that home oxygen monitoring therapy programmes are feasible in acute disease, but further research is needed to establish whether they improve patient outcomes, are cost-effective and to understand their equity impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Clarke
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aghajafari F, Hansen B, McBrien K, Leslie M, Chiew A, Ward R, Li B, Hu J. The primary care COVID-19 integrated pathway: a rapid response to health and social impacts of COVID-19. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2022; 23:333. [PMID: 36539700 PMCID: PMC9765374 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-022-01916-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first wave of COVID-19 in Calgary, Alberta accelerated the integration of primary care with the province's centrally managed health system. This integration aimed to deliver wraparound in-community patient care through two interventions that combined to create the COVID-19 Integrated Pathway (CIP). The CIP's interventions were: 1) a data sharing platform that ensured COVID-19 test results were directly available to family physicians (FPs), and 2) a clinical algorithm that supported FPs in delivering in-community follow up to improve patient outcomes. We describe the CIP function and its capacity to facilitate FP follow-up with COVID-19 patients and evaluate its impact on Emergency Department (ED) visits and hospitalization. METHOD We generated descriptive statistics by analyzing data from a Calgary Zone hub clinic called the Calgary COVID-19 Care Clinic (C4), provincially maintained records of hospitalization, ED visits, and physician claims. RESULTS Between Apr. 16 and Sep. 27, 2020, 7289 patients were referred by the Calgary Public Health team to the C4 clinic. Of those, 48.6% were female, the median age was 37.4 y. 97% of patients had at least one visit with a healthcare professional, where follow-up was conducted using the CIP's algorithm. 5.1% of patients visited an ED and 1.9% were hospitalized within 30 days of diagnosis. 75% of patients had a median of 4 visits with their FP. DISCUSSION Our data suggest that information exchange between Primary Care (PC) and central systems facilitates primary care-based management of patients with COVID-19 in the community and has potential to reduce acute care visits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Aghajafari
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Family Medicine, Sunridge Family Medicine Teaching Centre, University of Calgary, 2685 - 36 Street NE, Calgary, AB T1Y 5S3 Canada
| | | | - Kerry McBrien
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Family Medicine, Sunridge Family Medicine Teaching Centre, University of Calgary, 2685 - 36 Street NE, Calgary, AB T1Y 5S3 Canada
| | - Myles Leslie
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Alexandra Chiew
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Rick Ward
- grid.413574.00000 0001 0693 8815Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Bing Li
- grid.413574.00000 0001 0693 8815Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Jia Hu
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peiris S, Nates JL, Toledo J, Ho YL, Sosa O, Stanford V, Aldighieri S, Reveiz L. Hospital readmissions and emergency department re-presentation of COVID-19 patients: a systematic review. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2022; 46:e142. [PMID: 36245904 PMCID: PMC9553017 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2022.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective.
To characterize the frequency, causes, and predictors of readmissions of COVID-19 patients after discharge from heath facilities or emergency departments, interventions used to reduce readmissions, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients discharged from such settings.
Methods.
We performed a systematic review for case series and observational studies published between January 2020 and April 2021 in PubMed, Embase, LILACS, and MedRxiv, reporting the frequency, causes, or risk factors for readmission of COVID-19 survivors/patients. We conducted a narrative synthesis and assessed the methodological quality using the JBI critical appraisal checklist.
Results.
We identified 44 studies including data from 10 countries. The overall 30-day median readmission rate was 7.1%. Readmissions varied with the length of follow-up, occurring <10.5%, <14.5%, <21.5%, and <30%, respectively, for 10, 30, 60, and 253 days following discharge. Among those followed up for 30 and 60 days, the median time from discharge to readmission was 3 days and 8–11 days, respectively. The significant risk factor associated with readmission was having shorter length of stay, and the important causes included respiratory or thromboembolic events and chronic illnesses. Emergency department re-presentation was >20% in four studies. Risk factors associated with mortality were male gender, advanced age, and comorbidities.
Conclusions.
Readmission of COVID-19 survivors is frequent, and post-discharge mortality is significant in specific populations. There is an urgent need to further examine underlying reasons for early readmission and to prevent additional readmissions and adverse outcomes in COVID-19 survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Peiris
- Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | | | - Joao Toledo
- Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Yeh-Li Ho
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ojino Sosa
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Victoria Stanford
- Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Sylvain Aldighieri
- Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Ludovic Reveiz
- Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Viel S, Markowicz S, Ait-Medjber L, Ouissa R, Delta D, Portecop P, Foucan T, Roger PM. Dedicated team to ambulatory care for patients with COVID-19 requiring oxygen: Low rate of hospital readmission. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 123:92-96. [PMID: 35985569 PMCID: PMC9381425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine the impact of a dedicated medical team (DMT) on ambulatory care for patients requiring oxygen. METHODS The DMT selected patients requiring oxygen for less than 5 l/min in the emergency department (ED). The rate of ED readmission was compared in patients managed by the DMT and those managed by the ED physicians (EDPs). Consensual treatment for COVID-19 pneumonia with oxygen requirement was steroids + preventive anticoagulation. RESULTS A total of 1397 patients with COVID-19 came to our ED from the first to the 31st of August, 2021, among whom 580 (41%) had ambulatory care. A total of 82 (14.1%) patients were managed by the DMT, with a rate of ED readmission of 4.8% (4/82), compared with 13.6% (68/498) for those managed by EDPs (P <0.001). Focusing on the 45/498 (9.0%) patients requiring oxygen and managed by EDPs, the rate of ED readmission was 20%, P = 0.017. Prescription of the consensual treatment concerned 96% versus 40% for those patients requiring oxygen for the DMT and the EDP, respectively (P <0.001). CONCLUSION A DMT for ambulatory care of patients with COVID-19 requiring oxygen was associated with less return to the ED than usual practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Viel
- Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Samuel Markowicz
- Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Larbi Ait-Medjber
- Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Rachida Ouissa
- Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Delphine Delta
- Service d'Accueil des Urgences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Patrick Portecop
- SAMU, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Tania Foucan
- Service d'Hygiène, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Roger
- Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France,Faculté de Médecine, Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France,Corresponding author at: Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liyanage-Don NA, Winawer MR, Hamberger MJ, Agarwal S, Trainor AR, Quispe KA, Kronish IM. Association of depression and COVID-induced PTSD with cognitive symptoms after COVID-19 illness. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2022; 76:45-48. [PMID: 35361494 PMCID: PMC8889792 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many patients recovering from COVID-19 report persistent psychological and cognitive symptoms months after viral clearance. We examined the association of depression and COVID-induced PTSD with cognitive symptoms following COVID-19 illness. METHODS Patients treated for COVID-19 between March 26 and May 27, 2020 were surveyed three months later. Cognitive symptoms were assessed by asking "Since your COVID-19 illness, do you now have more difficulty: 1) Remembering conversations a few days later? 2) Remembering where you placed familiar objects? 3) Finding the right words while speaking?" Patients endorsing at least one such complaint were coded positive for cognitive symptoms. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of depression (PHQ-8 ≥ 10) and COVID-induced PTSD (PCL-5 ≥ 30) with cognitive symptoms, adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. RESULTS Among 153 participants, 44.4% reported at least one cognitive symptom, 18.3% were depressed, and 23.5% had COVID-induced PTSD. Adjusting for covariates, depression (OR 5.15, 95% CI 1.30-20.35, p = 0.02) and COVID-induced PTSD (OR 3.67, 95% CI 1.13-11.89, p = 0.03) were significantly associated with cognitive symptoms; self-reported history of mental illness was also associated (OR 4.90, 95% CI 1.24-19.41, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Depression, COVID-induced PTSD, and prior mental illness were strongly associated with cognitive symptoms three months after acute COVID-19 illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia A Liyanage-Don
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, USA
| | - Melodie R Winawer
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, USA
| | - Marla J Hamberger
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, USA
| | - Sachin Agarwal
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, USA
| | - Alison R Trainor
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, USA
| | - Kristal A Quispe
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, USA
| | - Ian M Kronish
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lara B, Kottler J, Olsen A, Best A, Conkright J, Larimer K. Home Monitoring Programs for Patients Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2: An Integrative Literature Review. Appl Clin Inform 2022; 13:203-217. [PMID: 35172373 PMCID: PMC8850013 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic threatened to oversaturate hospitals worldwide, necessitating rapid patient discharge to preserve capacity for the most severe cases. This need, as well as the high risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, led many hospitals to implement remote patient monitoring (RPM) programs for SARS-CoV-2 positive patients in an effort to provide care that was safe and preserve scarce resources. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to provide an integrative review of peer-reviewed literature on different RPM programs that were implemented for SARS-CoV-2 positive patients including their strengths and challenges. METHODS A search was conducted for peer reviewed literature using PubMed, CINAHL, OVID, and Google Scholar. Peer-reviewed studies written in English or Spanish and published between 2019 and 2021 on RPM of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients were considered. Information was extracted according to a qualitative content analysis method, informed by the Comparison of Mobile Patient Monitoring Systems Framework. RESULTS Of 57 retrieved articles, 10 publications were included. The sample sizes ranged from 75 to 48,290 and the monitoring length ranged from 7 to 30 days. Information regarding the comparison framework was summarized. Main strengths of using RPM for SARS-CoV-2 positive patients was participant acceptance, feasibility, safety, and resource conservation. Main limitations were the lack of information on patient data security measures, robust outcomes testing, and identification of the most effective biomarkers to track SARS-CoV-2 decompensation. CONCLUSION Different RPM programs for SARS-CoV-2 were implemented, from sending home participants with a pulse oximeter and collecting readings via call to modifying existing mobile applications and sending holistic health questionnaires to participants. This review determined that RPM is beneficial to SARS-CoV-2 positive patients; however, its effectiveness can be improved by further research. Mainly, identifying what patient data are most effective at tracking SARS-CoV-2 decompensation by utilizing advanced technology already in the market.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Lara
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, United States,Address for correspondence Brenda Lara, MA Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago808 South Wood Street, Suite 471, Chicago, IL 60607-7101United States
| | - Janey Kottler
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Abigail Olsen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Andrew Best
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | | | - Karen Larimer
- Clinical Development, PhysIQ, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
ŞIK N, ÖZDEMİR D, DUMAN M. Return visit characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive cases in a pediatric emergency department. Turk J Med Sci 2022; 52:21-31. [PMID: 36161597 PMCID: PMC10734818 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2102-281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate return visits to the pediatric emergency department (ED) for children who were detected to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). METHODS Between April 2, 2020, and January 20, 2021, children aged 0 to 18 years who were detected to be SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and discharged from the ED were evaluated. Among them, patients who returned to the ED within 14 days of quarantine were included in the study. For the first presentation and return visit, demographics, clinical findings, laboratory and radiologic investigations, and ward/pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions were recorded. Patients were divided into 5 groups according to clinical severity. RESULTS Among 575 children who were confirmed to be SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive, 50 (8.6%) of them [median age: 10.4 years (IQR: 4.8-15.2); 26 females] had returned. There was no difference for age, sex, underlying diseases, or symptoms for patients who returned or did not for the first presentation, but the percentage of those from whom laboratory tests were obtained was higher in cases of return visits. For symptomatic cases on the first presentation, the most common reason for return was having additional symptoms. The most common symptoms at the return visit were fever, cough, and sore throat. There was no severe/critical case in terms of clinical severity. Among all cases, 36 (72.0%) patients were discharged from the ED, 13 (26.0%) were observed for 6-8 h and then discharged, and 1 (2.0%) was admitted to the ward; there was no PICU admission or death, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nihan ŞIK
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Care, Department of Pediatrics, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir,
Turkey
| | - Durgül ÖZDEMİR
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Care, Department of Pediatrics, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir,
Turkey
| | - Murat DUMAN
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Care, Department of Pediatrics, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir,
Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Akbari A, Fathabadi A, Razmi M, Zarifian A, Amiri M, Ghodsi A, Vafadar Moradi E. Characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes associated with readmission in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 52:166-173. [PMID: 34923196 PMCID: PMC8665665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to determine the characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes associated with readmission in COVID-19 patients. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched to retrieve articles on readmitted COVID-19 patients, available up to September 25, 2021. All studies comparing characteristics of readmitted and non-readmitted COVID-19 patients were included. We also included articles reporting the reasons for readmission in COVID-19 patients. Data were pooled and meta-analyzed using random or fixed-effect models, as appropriate. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the place and duration of readmission. RESULTS Our meta-analysis included 4823 readmitted and 63,413 non-readmitted COVID-19 patients. The re-hospitalization rate was calculated at 9.3% with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [5.5%-15.4%], mostly associated with respiratory or cardiac complications (48% and 14%, respectively). Comorbidities including cerebrovascular disease (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.812; 95% CI [1.547-2.121]), cardiovascular (2.173 [1.545-3.057]), hypertension (1.608 [1.319-1.960]), ischemic heart disease (1.998 [1.495-2.670]), heart failure (2.556 [1.980-3.300]), diabetes (1.588 [1.443-1.747]), cancer (1.817 [1.526-2.162]), kidney disease (2.083 [1.498-2.897]), chronic pulmonary disease (1.601 [1.438-1.783]), as well as older age (1.525 [1.175-1.978]), male sex (1.155 [1.041-1.282]), and white race (1.263 [1.044-1.528]) were significantly associated with higher readmission rates (P < 0.05 for all instances). The mortality rate was significantly lower in readmitted patients (OR = 0.530 [0.329-0.855], P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Male sex, white race, comorbidities, and older age were associated with a higher risk of readmission among previously admitted COVID-19 patients. These factors can help clinicians and policy-makers predict, and conceivably reduce the risk of readmission in COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Akbari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Fathabadi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahya Razmi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Zarifian
- Clinical Research Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Amiri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghodsi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elnaz Vafadar Moradi
- Emergency Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Meshram HS, Kute VB, Chauhan S, Dave R, Patel H, Banerjee S, Desai S, Kumar D, Navadiya V, Mishra V. Mucormycosis as SARS-CoV2 sequelae in kidney transplant recipients: a single-center experience from India. Int Urol Nephrol 2021; 54:1693-1703. [PMID: 34792722 PMCID: PMC8600912 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-03057-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) sequelae in the transplant population are scarcely reported. Post-COVID-19 mucormycosis is one of such sequelae, which is a dreadful and rare entity. The purpose of this report was to study the full spectrum of this dual infection in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). Methods We did a comprehensive analysis of 11 mucormycosis cases in KTR who recovered from COVID-19 in IKDRC, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India during the study period from Nov 2020 to May 2021. We also looked for the risk factors for mucormycosis with a historical cohort of 157 KTR who did not develop mucormycosis. Results The median age (interquartile range, range) of the cohort was 42 (33.5–50, 26–60) years with 54.5% diabetes. COVID-19 severity ranged from mild (n = 10) to severe cases (n = 1). The duration from COVID-19 recovery to presentation was 7 (7–7, 4–14) days. Ten cases were Rhino-orbital-cerebral-mucormycosis (ROCM) and one had pulmonary mucormycosis. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) was performed in all cases of ROCM. The duration of antifungal therapy was 28 (24–30, 21–62) days. The mortality rate reported was 27%. The risk factors for post-transplant mucormycosis were diabetes (18% vs 54.5%; p-value = 0.01), lymphopenia [12 (10–18) vs 20 (12–26) %; p-value = 0.15] and a higher neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio [7 (4.6–8.3) vs 3.85 (3.3–5.8); p-value = 0.5]. Conclusion The morbidity and mortality with post-COVID-19 mucormycosis are high. Post-transplant patients with diabetes are more prone to this dual infection. Preparedness and early identification is the key to improve the outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hari Shankar Meshram
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Vivek B Kute
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - Sanshriti Chauhan
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ruchir Dave
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Himanshu Patel
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Subho Banerjee
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Sudeep Desai
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Vijay Navadiya
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Vineet Mishra
- Department of Gynecology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ramzi ZS. Hospital readmissions and post-discharge all-cause mortality in COVID-19 recovered patients; A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 51:267-279. [PMID: 34781153 PMCID: PMC8570797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of one-year hospital readmissions and post-discharge all-cause mortality in recovered COVID-19 patients. Moreover, the country-level prevalence of the outcomes was investigated. METHODS An extensive search was performed in Medline (PubMed), Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases until the end of August 3rd, 2021. A manual search was also performed in Google and Google Scholar search engines. Cohort and cross-sectional studies were included. Two independent reviewers screened the papers, collected data, and assessed the risk of bias and level of evidence. Any disagreement was resolved through discussion. RESULTS 91 articles were included. 48 studies examined hospital readmissions; nine studies assessed post-discharge all-cause mortality, and 34 studies examined both outcomes. Analyses showed that the prevalence of hospital readmissions during the first 30 days, 90 days, and one-year post-discharge were 8.97% (95% CI: 7.44, 10.50), 9.79% (95% CI: 8.37, 11.24), and 10.34% (95% CI: 8.92, 11.77), respectively. The prevalence of post-discharge all-cause mortality during the 30 days, 90 days and one-year post-discharge was 7.87% (95% CI: 2.78, 12.96), 7.63% (95% CI: 4.73, 10.53) and 7.51% (95% CI, 5.30, 9.72), respectively. 30-day hospital readmissions and post-discharge mortality were 8.97% and 7.87%, respectively. The highest prevalence of hospital readmissions was observed in Germany (15.5%), Greece (15.5%), UK (13.5%), Netherlands (11.7%), China (10.8%), USA (10.0%) and Sweden (9.9%). In addition, the highest prevalence of post-discharge all-cause mortality belonged to Italy (12.7%), the UK (11.8%), and Iran (9.2%). Sensitivity analysis showed that the prevalence of one-year hospital readmissions and post-discharge all-cause mortality in high-quality studies were 10.38% and 4.00%, respectively. CONCLUSION 10.34% of recovered COVID-19 patients required hospital readmissions after discharge. Most cases of hospital readmissions and mortality appear to occur within 30 days after discharge. The one-year post-discharge all-cause mortality rate of COVID-19 patients is 7.87%, and the majority of patients' readmission and mortality happens within the first 30 days post-discharge. Therefore, a 30-day follow-up program and patient tracking system for discharged COVID-19 patients seems necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhian Salah Ramzi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nematshahi M, Soroosh D, Neamatshahi M, Attarian F, Rahimi F. Factors predicting readmission in patients with COVID-19. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:374. [PMID: 34565442 PMCID: PMC8474946 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05782-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE COVID-19 has been introduced by the World Health Organization as a health emergency worldwide. Up to 9% of the patients with COVID-19 may be readmitted by 2 months after discharge. This study aimed to estimate the readmission rate and identify main risk factors for readmission in these patients. In this prospective study, 416 discharged COVID patients followed up with a minimum 1 month and the readmission rate was recorded. Evaluated characteristics included time of readmission, age and sex, main symptoms of disease, result of computed tomography scan, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test and treatment modalities. RESULTS Regarding readmission, 51 patients of 416 discharged patients, was readmitted during the study period. The rate of readmission for 30 and 60 days after discharge was 7.6% and 8.1%, respectively. The median age of the readmitted patients was 67 years (IQR: 53-78). About 65% of readmitted patients had underlying disease. The most significant factor in readmission rate was related to the site of lung involvement (OR > 4). Age over 60 years, underlying disease especially diabetes (OR = 3.43), high creatinine level (≥ to 1.2 mg/dl) (OR = 2.15) were the most important predictors of readmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nematshahi
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Science, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Davood Soroosh
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Hospital Research Development Committee, Vasei Educational Hospital, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, TohidShar BLV, 9617747431 Sabzevar, Razavi Khorasan Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Neamatshahi
- Community Medicine Department, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Attarian
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh
, Iran
| | - Faeze Rahimi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Hospital Research Development Committee, Vasei Educational Hospital, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, TohidShar BLV, 9617747431 Sabzevar, Razavi Khorasan Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sotoodeh Ghorbani S, Taherpour N, Bayat S, Ghajari H, Mohseni P, Hashemi Nazari SS. Epidemiologic characteristics of cases with reinfection, recurrence, and hospital readmission due to COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol 2021; 94:44-53. [PMID: 34411311 PMCID: PMC8427032 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies reported that some recovered COVID‐19 patients have tested positive for virus nucleic acid again. A systematic search was performed in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to March 6, 2021. The pooled estimation of reinfection, recurrence, and hospital readmission among recovered COVID‐19 patients was 3, 133, and 75 per 1000 patients, respectively. The overall estimation of reinfection among males compared to females was greater. The prevalence of recurrence in females compared to males was more common. Also, hospital readmission between sex groups was the same. There is uncertainty about long‐term immunity after SARS‐Cov‐2 infection. Thus, the possibility of reinfection and recurrence after recovery is not unexpected. In addition, there is a probability of hospital readmission due to adverse events of COVID‐19 after discharge. However, with mass vaccination of people and using the principles of prevention and appropriate management of the disease, frequent occurrence of the disease can be controlled. The pooled estimation of re‐infection rate among recovered COVID‐19 patients was 3 per 1000 patients. The pooled estimation of recurrence rate among recovered COVID‐19 patients was 133 per 1000 patients. Hospital readmission among recovered COVID‐19 patients was 75 per 1000 patients. The possibility of re‐infection, recurrence and hospital readmission after recovery is not unexpected. Thus, adherence to principles of prevention besides vaccination is essential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Sotoodeh Ghorbani
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Taherpour
- Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Bayat
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Ghajari
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Mohseni
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kingery JR, Bf Martin P, Baer BR, Pinheiro LC, Rajan M, Clermont A, Pan S, Nguyen K, Fahoum K, Wehmeyer GT, Alshak MN, Li HA, Choi JJ, Shapiro MF, McNairy ML, Safford MM, Goyal P. Thirty-Day Post-Discharge Outcomes Following COVID-19 Infection. J Gen Intern Med 2021; 36:2378-2385. [PMID: 34100231 PMCID: PMC8183585 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-021-06924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical course of COVID-19 includes multiple disease phases. Data describing post-hospital discharge outcomes may provide insight into disease course. Studies describing post-hospitalization outcomes of adults following COVID-19 infection are limited to electronic medical record review, which may underestimate the incidence of outcomes. OBJECTIVE To determine 30-day post-hospitalization outcomes following COVID-19 infection. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study SETTING: Quaternary referral hospital and community hospital in New York City. PARTICIPANTS COVID-19 infected patients discharged alive from the emergency department (ED) or hospital between March 3 and May 15, 2020. MEASUREMENT Outcomes included return to an ED, re-hospitalization, and mortality within 30 days of hospital discharge. RESULTS Thirty-day follow-up data were successfully collected on 94.6% of eligible patients. Among 1344 patients, 16.5% returned to an ED, 9.8% were re-hospitalized, and 2.4% died. Among patients who returned to the ED, 50.0% (108/216) went to a different hospital from the hospital of the index presentation, and 61.1% (132/216) of those who returned were re-hospitalized. In Cox models adjusted for variables selected using the lasso method, age (HR 1.01 per year [95% CI 1.00-1.02]), diabetes (1.54 [1.06-2.23]), and the need for inpatient dialysis (3.78 [2.23-6.43]) during the index presentation were independently associated with a higher re-hospitalization rate. Older age (HR 1.08 [1.05-1.11]) and Asian race (2.89 [1.27-6.61]) were significantly associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS Among patients discharged alive following their index presentation for COVID-19, risk for returning to a hospital within 30 days of discharge was substantial. These patients merit close post-discharge follow-up to optimize outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin R Kingery
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Center for Global Health, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Paul Bf Martin
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ben R Baer
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Laura C Pinheiro
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Mangala Rajan
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - Sabrina Pan
- School of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Khoi Nguyen
- School of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Khalid Fahoum
- School of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Mark N Alshak
- School of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Han A Li
- School of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Justin J Choi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Martin F Shapiro
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Margaret L McNairy
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Center for Global Health, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monika M Safford
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Parag Goyal
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shoucri SM, Purpura L, DeLaurentis C, Adan MA, Theodore DA, Irace AL, Robbins-Juarez SY, Khedagi AM, Letchford D, Harb AA, Zerihun LM, Lee KE, Gambina K, Lauring MC, Chen N, Sperring CP, Mehta SS, Myers EL, Shih H, Argenziano MG, Bruce SL, Slater CL, Tiao JR, Natarajan K, Hripcsak G, Chen R, Yin MT, Sobieszczyk ME, Castor D, Zucker JE. Characterising the long-term clinical outcomes of 1190 hospitalised patients with COVID-19 in New York City: a retrospective case series. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e049488. [PMID: 34083350 PMCID: PMC8182750 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterise the long-term outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to a large New York City medical centre at 3 and 6 months after hospitalisation and describe their healthcare usage, symptoms, morbidity and mortality. DESIGN Retrospective cohort through manual chart review of the electronic medical record. SETTING NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, a quaternary care academic medical centre in New York City. PARTICIPANTS The first 1190 consecutive patients with symptoms of COVID-19 who presented to the hospital for care between 1 March and 8 April 2020 and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on reverse transcriptase PCR assay. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Type and frequency of follow-up encounters, self-reported symptoms, morbidity and mortality at 3 and 6 months after presentation, respectively; patient disposition information prior to admission, at discharge, and at 3 and 6 months after hospital presentation. RESULTS Of the 1190 reviewed patients, 929 survived their initial hospitalisation and 261 died. Among survivors, 570 had follow-up encounters (488 at 3 months and 364 at 6 months). An additional 33 patients died in the follow-up period. In the first 3 months after admission, most encounters were telehealth visits (59%). Cardiopulmonary symptoms (35.7% and 28%), especially dyspnoea (22.1% and 15.9%), were the most common reported symptoms at 3-month and 6-month encounters, respectively. Additionally, a large number of patients reported generalised (26.4%) or neuropsychiatric (24.2%) symptoms 6 months after hospitalisation. Patients with severe COVID-19 were more likely to have reduced mobility, reduced independence or a new dialysis requirement in the 6 months after hospitalisation. CONCLUSIONS Patients hospitalised with SARS-CoV-2 infection reported persistent symptoms up to 6 months after diagnosis. These results highlight the long-term morbidity of COVID-19 and its burden on patients and healthcare resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherif M Shoucri
- Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Lawrence Purpura
- Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Clare DeLaurentis
- Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Matthew A Adan
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Deborah A Theodore
- Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Alexandria Lauren Irace
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | | | - Apurva M Khedagi
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Letchford
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Amro A Harb
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Lillian M Zerihun
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Kate E Lee
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Karen Gambina
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Max C Lauring
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Noah Chen
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Colin P Sperring
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Sanket S Mehta
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Ellen L Myers
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Hueyjong Shih
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Michael G Argenziano
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Samuel L Bruce
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Cody L Slater
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan R Tiao
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Karthik Natarajan
- Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - George Hripcsak
- Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Ruijun Chen
- Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
- Translational Data Science and Informatics, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael T Yin
- Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Magdalena E Sobieszczyk
- Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Delivette Castor
- Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jason E Zucker
- Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Al-Tawfiq JA, Kheir H, Al-Dakheel T, Al-Qahtani S, AlKhadra H, Sarhan A, Bu Halaiga M, Ibrahim R. COVID-19 home monitoring program: Healthcare innovation in developing, maintaining, and impacting the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Travel Med Infect Dis 2021; 43:102089. [PMID: 34087448 PMCID: PMC8169224 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.102089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had caused an increased burden on healthcare organizations. Thus, a new strategy is needed to ensure all COVID-19 positive cases appropriately followed up , to receive the proper medical and psychological support, and to comply with the isolation guidelines. Here, we describe the characteristics and outcome of COVID-19 patients who were managed at home. In addition, we describe the differences between asymptomatic and those with mild symptoms. Materials and methods This is descriptive study of all COVID-19 positive cases who were monitored utilizing the home care concept. Results During the study period from June 8 to October 18, 2020, there was a total of 5368 COVID-19 patients who were referred to the home isolation/monitoring program. Of those, 2397 (45%) were female and 2971 (55%) were male. Of the total cases, 295 (5%) required hospital admission, 45 (1%) were admitted to zone 2 (an intermediate care facility), and the majority 5028 (94%) were continued in the home monitoring program till recovery. Of the total cases, 3137 (59%) were asymptomatic and the remaining 41% were symptomatic. Asymptomatic patients in comparison to symptomatic patients showed significant differences in relation to mean age (+ SD) of 31.5 (+ 18.6) and 46.45 (+ 17.1), respectively (P < 0.001)), gender, being healthcare workers, and the presence of significant medical conditions. However, a logistic regression analysis showed that only age and the presence of diabetes mellitus were associated with the presence of symptoms. The mean age (±SD) of those who required hospital admission was higher than those who were continued in home monitoring or cared for in zone 2. Conclusion The utilization of home monitoring program was effective and safe in patients who were either asymptomatic or had mild symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq
- Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Hatim Kheir
- Primary Care Division, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Al-Dakheel
- Primary Care Division, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Primary Care Division, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain AlKhadra
- Primary Care Division, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahlam Sarhan
- Nursing Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Bu Halaiga
- Nursing Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Ibrahim
- Nursing Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Misra-Hebert AD, Ji X, Jehi L, Milinovich A, Pfoh ER, Kattan MW, Young JB. COVID-19 Home Monitoring After Diagnosis and Health Care Utilization in an Integrated Health System. JAMA HEALTH FORUM 2021; 2:e210333. [PMID: 35977306 PMCID: PMC8796892 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anita D. Misra-Hebert
- Healthcare Delivery and Implementation Science Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Xinge Ji
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lara Jehi
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alex Milinovich
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Elizabeth R. Pfoh
- Center for Value-Based Care Research, Cleveland Clinic Community Care, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Michael W. Kattan
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - James B. Young
- Healthcare Delivery and Implementation Science Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|