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Alfahed A, Ebili HO, Almoammar NE, Alasiri G, AlKhamees OA, Aldali JA, Al Othaim A, Hakami ZH, Abdulwahed AM, Waggiallah HA. Prognostic Values of Gene Copy Number Alterations in Prostate Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14050956. [PMID: 37239316 DOI: 10.3390/genes14050956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst risk prediction for individual prostate cancer (PCa) cases is of a high priority, the current risk stratification indices for PCa management have severe limitations. This study aimed to identify gene copy number alterations (CNAs) with prognostic values and to determine if any combination of gene CNAs could have risk stratification potentials. Clinical and genomic data of 500 PCa cases from the Cancer Genome Atlas stable were retrieved from the Genomic Data Commons and cBioPortal databases. The CNA statuses of a total of 52 genetic markers, including 21 novel markers and 31 previously identified potential prognostic markers, were tested for prognostic significance. The CNA statuses of a total of 51/52 genetic markers were significantly associated with advanced disease at an odds ratio threshold of ≥1.5 or ≤0.667. Moreover, a Kaplan-Meier test identified 27/52 marker CNAs which correlated with disease progression. A Cox Regression analysis showed that the amplification of MIR602 and deletions of MIR602, ZNF267, MROH1, PARP8, and HCN1 correlated with a progression-free survival independent of the disease stage and Gleason prognostic group grade. Furthermore, a binary logistic regression analysis identified twenty-two panels of markers with risk stratification potentials. The best model of 7/52 genetic CNAs, which included the SPOP alteration, SPP1 alteration, CCND1 amplification, PTEN deletion, CDKN1B deletion, PARP8 deletion, and NKX3.1 deletion, stratified the PCa cases into a localised and advanced disease with an accuracy of 70.0%, sensitivity of 85.4%, specificity of 44.9%, positive predictive value of 71.67%, and negative predictive value of 65.35%. This study validated prognostic gene level CNAs identified in previous studies, as well as identified new genetic markers with CNAs that could potentially impact risk stratification in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Alfahed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Henry Okuchukwu Ebili
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye P.M.B. 2002, Nigeria
| | - Nasser Eissa Almoammar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Glowi Alasiri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud University, Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A AlKhamees
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehad A Aldali
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayoub Al Othaim
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaki H Hakami
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhadi M Abdulwahed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham Ali Waggiallah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Ragavi R, Muthukumaran P, Nandagopal S, Ahirwar DK, Tomo S, Misra S, Guerriero G, Shukla KK. Epigenetics regulation of prostate cancer: Biomarker and therapeutic potential. Urol Oncol 2023:S1078-1439(23)00090-X. [PMID: 37032230 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (CaP) is the second leading cause of cancer death and displays a broad range of clinical behavior from relatively indolent to aggressive metastatic disease. The etiology of most cases of CaP is not understood completely, which makes it imperative to search for the molecular basis of CaP and markers for early diagnosis. Epigenetic modifications, including changes in DNA methylation patterns, histone modifications, miRNAs, and lncRNAs are key drivers of prostate tumorigenesis. These epigenetic defects might be due to deregulated expression of the epigenetic machinery, affecting the expression of several important genes like GSTP1, RASSF1, CDKN2, RARRES1, IGFBP3, RARB, TMPRSS2-ERG, ITGB4, AOX1, HHEX, WT1, HSPE, PLAU, FOXA1, ASC, GPX3, EZH2, LSD1, etc. In this review, we highlighted the most important epigenetic gene alterations and their variations as a diagnostic marker and target for therapeutic intervention of CaP in the future. Characterization of epigenetic changes involved in CaP is obscure and adequate validation studies are still required to corroborate the present results that would be the impending future of transforming basic research settings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindran Ragavi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Srividhya Nandagopal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Ahirwar
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sojit Tomo
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee Medical University, Lucknow Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Giulia Guerriero
- Comparative Endocrinology Lab, Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Kamla Kant Shukla
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
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Ren L, Yang X, Wang W, Lin H, Huang G, Liu Z, Pan J, Mao X. A cuproptosis-related LncRNA signature: Integrated analysis associated with biochemical recurrence and immune landscape in prostate cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1096783. [PMID: 36911392 PMCID: PMC9999016 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1096783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As a new form of regulated cell death, cuproptosis differs profoundly from apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. The correlation between cuproptosis and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been increasingly studied recently. In this study, a novel cuproptosis-related lncRNA prognostic signature was developed to investigate biochemical recurrence (BCR) and tumor immune landscape in prostate cancer (PCa). Methods and Materials: The transcriptome data and clinicopathologic information of PCa patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Pearson's correlation analysis was applied to identify lncRNAs associated with cuproptosis. Based on Cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, we developed a cuproptosis-related lncRNA prognostic model (risk score) to predict the BCR of PCa patients. Additionally, we also constructed a nomogram with the risk score and clinicopathologic features. The biological function, tumor mutation burden (TMB), immune cell infiltration, expression levels of immune checkpoint genes, and anti-cancer drug sensitivity were investigated. Results: We constructed and validated the cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature prognostic model (risk score) by six crlncRNAs. All patients were divided into the low- and high-risk groups based on the median risk score. The Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis revealed that the high-risk group had shorter BCR-free survival (BCRFS). The risk score has been proven to be an independent prognostic factor of BCR in PCa patients. In addition, a nomogram of risk scores and clinicopathologic features was established and demonstrated an excellent predictive capability of BCR. The ROC curves further validated that this nomogram had higher accuracy of predicting the BCR compared to other clinicopathologic features. We also found that the high-risk group had higher TMB levels and more infiltrated immune cells. Furthermore, patients with high TMB in the high-risk group were inclined to have the shortest BCRFS. Finally, patients in the high-risk group were more susceptible to docetaxel, gefitinib, methotrexate, paclitaxel, and vinblastine. Conclusion: The novel crlncRNA signature prognostic model shows a greatly prognostic prediction value of BCR for PCa patients, extends our thought on the association of cuproptosis and PCa, and provides novel insights into individual-based treatment strategies for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ren
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hansen Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guankai Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixiong Liu
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jincheng Pan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaopeng Mao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Bencivenga D, Stampone E, Vastante A, Barahmeh M, Della Ragione F, Borriello A. An Unanticipated Modulation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors: The Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081346. [PMID: 35456025 PMCID: PMC9028986 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now definitively established that a large part of the human genome is transcribed. However, only a scarce percentage of the transcriptome (about 1.2%) consists of RNAs that are translated into proteins, while the large majority of transcripts include a variety of RNA families with different dimensions and functions. Within this heterogeneous RNA world, a significant fraction consists of sequences with a length of more than 200 bases that form the so-called long non-coding RNA family. The functions of long non-coding RNAs range from the regulation of gene transcription to the changes in DNA topology and nucleosome modification and structural organization, to paraspeckle formation and cellular organelles maturation. This review is focused on the role of long non-coding RNAs as regulators of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors’ (CDKIs) levels and activities. Cyclin-dependent kinases are enzymes necessary for the tuned progression of the cell division cycle. The control of their activity takes place at various levels. Among these, interaction with CDKIs is a vital mechanism. Through CDKI modulation, long non-coding RNAs implement control over cellular physiology and are associated with numerous pathologies. However, although there are robust data in the literature, the role of long non-coding RNAs in the modulation of CDKIs appears to still be underestimated, as well as their importance in cell proliferation control.
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Akhlaghipour I, Bina AR, Abbaszadegan MR, Moghbeli M. Methylation as a critical epigenetic process during tumor progressions among Iranian population: an overview. Genes Environ 2021; 43:14. [PMID: 33883026 PMCID: PMC8059047 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-021-00187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main health challenges and leading causes of deaths in the world. Various environmental and genetic risk factors are associated with tumorigenesis. Epigenetic deregulations are also important risk factors during tumor progression which are reversible transcriptional alterations without any genomic changes. Various mechanisms are involved in epigenetic regulations such as DNA methylation, chromatin modifications, and noncoding RNAs. Cancer incidence and mortality have a growing trend during last decades among Iranian population which are significantly related to the late diagnosis. Therefore, it is required to prepare efficient molecular diagnostic panels for the early detection of cancer in this population. Promoter hyper methylation is frequently observed as an inhibitory molecular mechanism in various genes associated with DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis during tumor progression. Since aberrant promoter methylations have critical roles in early stages of neoplastic transformations, in present review we have summarized all of the aberrant methylations which have been reported during tumor progression among Iranian cancer patients. Aberrant promoter methylations are targetable and prepare novel therapeutic options for the personalized medicine in cancer patients. This review paves the way to introduce a non-invasive methylation specific panel of diagnostic markers for the early detection of cancer among Iranians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Bina
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zhang C, Mi J, Deng Y, Deng Z, Long D, Liu Z. DNMT1 Enhances the Radiosensitivity of HPV-Positive Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas via Downregulating SMG1. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:4201-4211. [PMID: 32523356 PMCID: PMC7237113 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s227395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which rank the 7th malignant tumors worldwide, is closely related to methylation and HPV infection. Ionizing radiation therapy is the main strategy for HNSCC patients in advanced stage. Previously, HPV-positive HNSCC predict better prognosis than HPV-negative HNSCCs under radiotherapy, however its molecular mechanism is unresolved. SMG1 serves as a potential tumor suppressor in various cancers, including HNSCC. Methods The mRNAs and proteins expression of HPV E6/E7, p16, p53, DNMT1, SMG1 were detected after different treatments by qPCR and Western blot. The clone formation ability was measured in radiation dose after different treatments. Results In our study, the expression of HPV16 E6, DNA Methyltransferase 1(DNMT1) and SMG1 in head and neck carcinomas cell lines was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Forced E6 level in HPV-negative cells by overexpression plasmid promoted the expression of DNMT1, which resulted in decreased SMG1 expression. Silenced SMG1 in HPV-negative HNSCC cells elicited increased radiation sensitivity, suggesting that SMG1 may be an effective switch to regulate the effect of radiotherapy in HNSCC. Conclusion Our study indicated that DNMT1 enhances the radiosensitivity of HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas via downregulating SMG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaoping Mi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sun University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyi Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Long
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China.,The Graduate School of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
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Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Ferns GA, Moghbeli M. Genetic and molecular determinants of prostate cancer among Iranian patients: An update. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2020; 57:37-53. [PMID: 31895010 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2019.1657061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common age-related cancers among men. Various environmental and genetic factors are involved in the development and progression of PCa. In most cases, the primary symptoms of disease are not severe. Therefore, it is common for patients to be referred with severe clinical manifestations at advanced stages of disease. Since this malignancy is age related and Iran will face a significant increase in the number of seniors, it is expected that the prevalence of PCa among Iranian men will rise. PCa progression has been observed to be associated with genetic and ethnic factors. It may therefore be clinically useful to determine a panel of genetic markers, in addition to routine diagnostic methods, to detect tumors in the early stages. In the present review, we have summarized the reported genetic markers in PCa Iranian patients to pave the way for the determination of an ethnic specific genetic marker panel for the early detection of PCa. To understand the genetic and molecular biology of PCa among Iranians, we have categorized these genetic markers based on their cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Hesari A, Maleksabet A, Tirkani AN, Ghazizadeh H, Iranifar E, Mohagheg F, Anoshrvani AA, Ghasemi F. Evaluation of the two polymorphisms rs1801133 in MTHFR and rs10811661 in CDKN2A/B in breast cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:2090-2097. [PMID: 30362613 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) was the rate-limiting enzyme in the methyl cycle, which was encoded by the MTHFR gene. MTHFR played a key role in homocysteine plasma level and was associated with the risk of breast cancer. The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor (CDKN2A/B) was the tumor suppressor in the cell cycle regulation. The single-nucleotide polymorphism was thought to be associated with the predisposition of breast cancer and in subsequent immune response in different populations. The current study was conducted on a peripheral blood sample of 100 Iranian women with breast carcinoma and 142 cancer-free healthy female volunteers. The TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction technique was applied for genotyping of participants. The correlation of both variants and demographic data were investigated with the risk of breast cancer. Our data showed that the MTHFR allele T and TT genotype had the higher prevalence in patients (P < 0.0001) than the control group. The frequency of risk C allele into the CDKN2A/B rs10811661 was 72%. The correlations of menarche and underlying hormonal disorder with the risk of breast cancer were investigated; also our results showed that the menopause status was statistically significant between patients and controls (P = 0.036). Our investigations demonstrated that the MTHFR rs180113 and CDKN2A/B rs10811661 had a significant correlation with the elevated risk of breast cancer and they might be potentially valuable to apply as a prognostic factor for individual health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirreza Hesari
- Department of Biotechnology, Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Amir Maleksabet
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Nosrati Tirkani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ghazizadeh
- Molecular Medicine Group, Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elmira Iranifar
- Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat-e Heydarieh, Iran
| | - Fatoalah Mohagheg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Ali Arash Anoshrvani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghasemi
- Department of Biotechnology, Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.,Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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Aftab A, Shahzad S, Hussain HMJ, Khan R, Irum S, Tabassum S. CDKN2A/P16INK4A variants association with breast cancer and their in-silico analysis. Breast Cancer 2018; 26:11-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s12282-018-0894-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Cao Z, Wei L, Zhu W, Yao X. Meta-analysis of CDKN2A methylation to find its role in prostate cancer development and progression, and also to find the effect of CDKN2A expression on disease-free survival (PRISMA). Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0182. [PMID: 29561434 PMCID: PMC5895353 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) (p16 and p14) expression through DNA methylation has been reported in prostate cancer (PCa). This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the difference of p16 and p14 methylation between PCa and different histological types of nonmalignant controls and the correlation of p16 or p14 methylation with clinicopathological features of PCa. METHODS According to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement criteria, articles were searched in PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, Wanfang, and CNKI databases. The strength of correlation was calculated by the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was used to estimate the required population information for significant results. RESULTS A total of 20 studies published from 1997 to 2017 were identified in this meta-analysis, including 1140 PCa patients and 530 cases without cancer. Only p16 methylation in PCa was significantly higher than in benign prostatic lesions (OR = 4.72, P = .011), but had a similar level in PCa and adjacent tissues or high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias (HGPIN). TSA revealed that this analysis on p16 methylation is a false positive result in cancer versus benign prostatic lesions (the estimated required information size of 5116 participants). p16 methylation was not correlated with PCa in the urine and blood. Besides, p16 methylation was not linked to clinical stage, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and Gleason score (GS) of patients with PCa. p14 methylation was not correlated with PCa in tissue and urine samples. No correlation was observed between p14 methylation and clinical stage or GS. CDKN2A mutation and copy number alteration were not associated with prognosis of PCa in overall survival and disease-free survival. CDKN2A expression was not correlated with the prognosis of PCa in overall survival (492 cases) (P > .1), while CDKN2A expression was significantly associated with a poor disease-free survival (P < .01). CONCLUSION CDKN2A methylation may not be significantly associated with the development, progression of PCa. Although CDKN2A expression had an unfavorable prognosis in disease-free survival. More studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lijuan Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Brait M, Banerjee M, Maldonado L, Ooki A, Loyo M, Guida E, Izumchenko E, Mangold L, Humphreys E, Rosenbaum E, Partin A, Sidransky D, Hoque MO. Promoter methylation of MCAM, ERα and ERβ in serum of early stage prostate cancer patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:15431-15440. [PMID: 28147335 PMCID: PMC5362497 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Currently, the most common non-invasive approach for screening and risk assessment of PC is measuring the level of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). However, the sensitivity of PSA is 42.8 % and specificity is 41.1%. As a result, the serum PSA test leads to numerous unneeded biopsies. Therefore, a rigorous search for biomarkers for early detection of PC is ongoing. In this study, we aim to assess a panel of epigenetic markers in an intend to develop an early detection test for PC. RESULTS The sensitivity and specificity of hypermethylation of MCAM was 66% and 73% respectively which is an improvement from the sensitivity and specificity of PSA. Considering a combination marker panel of MCAM, ERα and ERβ increased the sensitivity to 75% and the specificity became 70% for the minimally invasive early detection test of PC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen primary matched tumor and serum were analyzed by quantitative methylation specific PCR (QMSP) to determine analytical and clinical sensitivity of the genes tested (SSBP2, MCAM, ERα, ERβ, APC, CCND2, MGMT, GSTP1, p16 and RARβ2). Additionally, serum samples from eighty four cases of PC, thirty controls and seven cases diagnosed as high grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (HGPIN) were analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Promoter methylation of MCAM, ERα and ERβ have a potential to be utilized as biomarker for the early detection of prostate PC as their sensitivity and specificity seem to be better than serum PSA in our cohort of samples. After robust validation in a larger prospective cohort, our findings may reduce the numbers of unwarranted prostate biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Brait
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mithu Banerjee
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Leonel Maldonado
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama Medical Center, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Akira Ooki
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Myriam Loyo
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Elisa Guida
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Evgeny Izumchenko
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Leslie Mangold
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth Humphreys
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eli Rosenbaum
- Department of Urological Oncology, Davidoff Center, Beilinson Hospital, Eliahu Hakim, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Alan Partin
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mohammad Obaidul Hoque
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Lunavat TR, Jang SC, Escobedo-Lucea C, Oliver-De La Cruz J, Siljander P, Lötvall J, Yliperttula M. Distinct prostate cancer-related mRNA cargo in extracellular vesicle subsets from prostate cell lines. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:92. [PMID: 28143451 PMCID: PMC5286827 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple types of extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes (EXOs), are released by all cells constituting part of the cellular EV secretome. The bioactive cargo of EVs can be shuffled between cells and consists of lipids, metabolites, proteins, and nucleic acids, including multiple RNA species from non-coding RNAs to messenger RNAs (mRNAs). In this study, we hypothesized that the mRNA cargo of EVs could differ based on the EV cellular origin and subpopulation analyzed. METHODS We isolated MVs and EXOs from PC-3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells by differential centrifugation and compared them to EVs derived from the benign PNT2 prostate cells. The relative mRNA levels of 84 prostate cancer-related genes were investigated and validated using quantitative reverse transcription PCR arrays. RESULTS Based on the mRNA abundance, MVs rather than EXOs were enriched in the analyzed transcripts, providing a snapshot of the tumor transcriptome. LNCaP MVs specifically contained significantly increased mRNA levels of NK3 Homeobox 1 (NKX3-1), transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), and tumor protein 53 (TP53) genes, whereas PC-3 MVs carried increased mRNA levels of several genes including, caveolin-2 (CAV2), glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1), pescadillo ribosomal biogenesis factor 1 (PES1), calmodulin regulated spectrin associated protein 1 (CAMSAP1), zinc-finger protein 185 (ZNF185), and others compared to PNT2 MVs. Additionally, ETS variant 1 (ETV1) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) mRNAs identified in LNCaP- and PC-3- derived MVs highly correlated with prostate cancer progression. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides new understandings of the variability of the mRNA cargo of MVs and EXOs from different cell lines despite same cancer origin, which is essential to better understand the the proportion of the cell transcriptome that can be detected within EVs and to evaluate their role in disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Lázaro-Ibáñez
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland. .,Krefting Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden.
| | - Taral R Lunavat
- Krefting Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden
| | - Su Chul Jang
- Krefting Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden
| | - Carmen Escobedo-Lucea
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Institute for Advanced Biomedical Engineering, Tokyo Women´s Medical University (TWINS), Tokyo, 162 8666, Japan
| | - Jorge Oliver-De La Cruz
- Center for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, 65691, Czech Republic
| | - Pia Siljander
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Jan Lötvall
- Krefting Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden.
| | - Marjo Yliperttula
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
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Zhao R, Choi BY, Lee MH, Bode AM, Dong Z. Implications of Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations of CDKN2A (p16(INK4a)) in Cancer. EBioMedicine 2016; 8:30-39. [PMID: 27428416 PMCID: PMC4919535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant gene silencing is highly associated with altered cell cycle regulation during carcinogenesis. In particular, silencing of the CDKN2A tumor suppressor gene, which encodes the p16(INK4a) protein, has a causal link with several different types of cancers. The p16(INK4a) protein plays an executional role in cell cycle and senescence through the regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 and cyclin D complexes. Several genetic and epigenetic aberrations of CDKN2A lead to enhanced tumorigenesis and metastasis with recurrence of cancer and poor prognosis. In these cases, the restoration of genetic and epigenetic reactivation of CDKN2A is a practical approach for the prevention and therapy of cancer. This review highlights the genetic status of CDKN2A as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhao
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - Bu Young Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju 361-742, South Korea
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China.
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China; The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA.
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14
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Ngollo M, Dagdemir A, Karsli-Ceppioglu S, Judes G, Pajon A, Penault-Llorca F, Boiteux JP, Bignon YJ, Guy L, Bernard-Gallon DJ. Epigenetic modifications in prostate cancer. Epigenomics 2015; 6:415-26. [PMID: 25333850 DOI: 10.2217/epi.14.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men in France. Apart from the genetic alterations in prostate cancer, epigenetics modifications are involved in the development and progression of this disease. Epigenetic events are the main cause in gene regulation and the three most epigenetic mechanisms studied include DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNA expression. In this review, we summarized epigenetic mechanisms in prostate cancer. Epigenetic drugs that inhibit DNA methylation, histone methylation and histone acetylation might be able to reactivate silenced gene expression in prostate cancer. However, further understanding of interactions of these enzymes and their effects on transcription regulation in prostate cancer is needed and has become a priority in biomedical research. In this study, we summed up epigenetic changes with emphasis on pharmacologic epigenetic target agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolaine Ngollo
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, 28 place Henri Dunant, BP 38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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15
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Maccani JZ, Maccani MA. Altered placental DNA methylation patterns associated with maternal smoking: current perspectives. ADVANCES IN GENOMICS AND GENETICS 2015; 2015:205-214. [PMID: 26203295 PMCID: PMC4507353 DOI: 10.2147/agg.s61518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis states that adverse early life exposures can have lasting, detrimental effects on lifelong health. Exposure to maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with morbidity and mortality in offspring, including increased risks for miscarriage, stillbirth, low birth weight, preterm birth, asthma, obesity, altered neurobehavior, and other conditions. Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy interferes with placental growth and functioning, and it has been proposed that this may occur through the disruption of normal and necessary placental epigenetic patterns. Epigenome-wide association studies have identified a number of differentially methylated placental genes that are associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy, including RUNX3, PURA, GTF2H2, GCA, GPR135, and HKR1. The placental methylation status of RUNX3 and NR3C1 has also been linked to adverse infant outcomes, including preterm birth and low birth weight, respectively. Candidate gene analyses have also found maternal smoking-associated placental methylation differences in the NR3C1, CYP1A1, HTR2A, and HSD11B2 genes, as well as in the repetitive elements LINE-1 and AluYb8. The differential methylation patterns of several genes have been confirmed to also exhibit altered gene expression patterns, including CYP1A1, CYP19A1, NR3C1, and HTR2A. Placental methylation patterns associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy may be largely gene-specific and tissue-specific and, to a lesser degree, involve global changes. It is important for future research to investigate the mechanistic roles that these differentially methylated genes may play in mediating the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and disease in later life, as well as to elucidate the potential influence of emerging tobacco product use during pregnancy, including the use of electronic cigarettes, on placental epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zj Maccani
- Penn State Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, College of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Matthew A Maccani
- Penn State Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, College of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Hershey, PA, USA
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16
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Chen MC, Hsu SL, Lin H, Yang TY. Retinoic acid and cancer treatment. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2014; 4:22. [PMID: 25520935 PMCID: PMC4265016 DOI: 10.7603/s40681-014-0022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid which belongs to the retinoid class of chemical compounds is an important metabolite of vitamin A in diets. It is currently understood that retinoic acid plays important roles in cell development and differentiation as well as cancer treatment. Lung, prostate, breast, ovarian, bladder, oral, and skin cancers have been demonstrated to be suppressed by retinoic acid. Our results also show that low doses and high doses of retinoic acid may respectively cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of cancer cells. Also, the common cell cycle inhibiting protein, p27, and the new cell cycle regulator, Cdk5, are involved in retinoic acid’s effects. These results provide new evidence indicating that the molecular mechanisms of/in retinoic acid may control cancer cells’ fates. Since high doses of retinoic acid may lead to cytotoxicity, it is probably best utilized as a potential supplement in one’s daily diet to prevent or suppress cancer progression. In this review, we have collected numerous references demonstrating the findings of retinoic acid in melanoma, hepatoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer. We hope these observations will shed light on the future investigation of retinoic acid in cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chih Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lan Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ho Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuokuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 160, Taichung Harbor Rd., Sec. 3, Taichung 407, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wu DS, Shen JZ, Yu AF, Fu HY, Zhou HR, Shen SF. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate and trichostatin A synergistically inhibit human lymphoma cell proliferation through epigenetic modification of p16INK4a. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:2969-75. [PMID: 24064951 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation and histone deacetylation play important roles in the occurrence and development of cancers by inactivating the expression of tumor suppressors, including p16(INK4a), a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. The present study investigated the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) alone or in combination with trichostatin A (TSA) on p16(INK4a) gene expression and growth in human malignant lymphoma CA46 cells. CA46 cell viability and cell cycle were analyzed; methylation of the p16(INK4a) gene was assessed by nested methylation-specific PCR (n-MSP). p16(INK4a )mRNA and protein expression was determined by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot analyses, respectively. Both EGCG and TSA alone inhibited CA46 cell proliferation; the combined treatment (6 µg/ml EGCG and 15 ng/ml TSA) significantly reduced CA46 cell proliferation from 24 to 96 h (all P<0.001). Cells treated with 24 µg/ml EGCG or the combination treatment (6 µg/ml EGCG and 15 ng/ml TSA) had lower proliferative indices when compared to the other groups. Co-treatment with EGCG and TSA decreased p16(INK4a) gene methylation, which coincided with increased p16(INK4a) mRNA and protein expression. Thus, EGCG and TSA synergistically reactivate p16(INK4a) gene expression in part through reducing promoter methylation, which may decrease CA46 cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Sen Wu
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fuzhou, Fujian 35001, P.R. China
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18
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Rigau M, Olivan M, Garcia M, Sequeiros T, Montes M, Colás E, Llauradó M, Planas J, de Torres I, Morote J, Cooper C, Reventós J, Clark J, Doll A. The present and future of prostate cancer urine biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:12620-49. [PMID: 23774836 PMCID: PMC3709804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140612620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to successfully cure patients with prostate cancer (PCa), it is important to detect the disease at an early stage. The existing clinical biomarkers for PCa are not ideal, since they cannot specifically differentiate between those patients who should be treated immediately and those who should avoid over-treatment. Current screening techniques lack specificity, and a decisive diagnosis of PCa is based on prostate biopsy. Although PCa screening is widely utilized nowadays, two thirds of the biopsies performed are still unnecessary. Thus the discovery of non-invasive PCa biomarkers remains urgent. In recent years, the utilization of urine has emerged as an attractive option for the non-invasive detection of PCa. Moreover, a great improvement in high-throughput “omic” techniques has presented considerable opportunities for the identification of new biomarkers. Herein, we will review the most significant urine biomarkers described in recent years, as well as some future prospects in that field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Rigau
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational Oncology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute and Hospital and Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails: (M.R.); (M.O.); (M.G.); (T.S.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (M.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Mireia Olivan
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational Oncology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute and Hospital and Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails: (M.R.); (M.O.); (M.G.); (T.S.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (M.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Marta Garcia
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational Oncology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute and Hospital and Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails: (M.R.); (M.O.); (M.G.); (T.S.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (M.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Tamara Sequeiros
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational Oncology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute and Hospital and Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails: (M.R.); (M.O.); (M.G.); (T.S.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (M.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Melania Montes
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational Oncology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute and Hospital and Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails: (M.R.); (M.O.); (M.G.); (T.S.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (M.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Eva Colás
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational Oncology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute and Hospital and Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails: (M.R.); (M.O.); (M.G.); (T.S.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (M.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Marta Llauradó
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational Oncology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute and Hospital and Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails: (M.R.); (M.O.); (M.G.); (T.S.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (M.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Jacques Planas
- Department of Urology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails: (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Inés de Torres
- Department of Pathology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mail:
| | - Juan Morote
- Department of Urology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails: (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Colin Cooper
- Cancer Genetics, University of East Anglia, Norwich Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK; E-Mails: (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Jaume Reventós
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational Oncology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute and Hospital and Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails: (M.R.); (M.O.); (M.G.); (T.S.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (M.L.); (J.R.)
- Department of Basic Sciences, International University of Catalonia, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jeremy Clark
- Cancer Genetics, University of East Anglia, Norwich Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK; E-Mails: (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Andreas Doll
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational Oncology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute and Hospital and Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails: (M.R.); (M.O.); (M.G.); (T.S.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (M.L.); (J.R.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +34-93-489-4067; Fax: +34-93-274-6708
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Anacardic acid (6-pentadecylsalicylic acid) induces apoptosis of prostate cancer cells through inhibition of androgen receptor and activation of p53 signaling. Chin J Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11670-012-0264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Tan J, Chen B, He L, Tang Y, Jiang Z, Yin G, Wang J, Jiang X. Anacardic acid (6-pentadecylsalicylic acid) induces apoptosis of prostate cancer cells through inhibition of androgen receptor and activation of p53 signaling. Chin J Cancer Res 2013; 24:275-83. [PMID: 23359208 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.1000-9604.2012.10.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Anacardic acid (AA) is a mixture of 2-hydroxy-6-alkylbenzoic acid homologs. It is widely regarded as a non-specific histone acetyltransferase inhibitor of p300. The effects and the mechanisms of AA in LNCaP cells (prostate cancer cells) remain unknown. To investigate the effect of AA on LNCaP cells, we had carried out several experiments and found that AA inhibits LNCaP cell proliferation, induces G1/S cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of LNCaP cell. The mechanisms via which AA acts on LNCaP cells may be due to the following aspects. First, AA can regulate p300 transcription and protein level except for its mechanisms regulating function of p300 through post-translational modification in LNCaP cells. Second, AA can activate p53 through increasing the phosphorylation of p53 on Ser15 in LNCaP cells. AA can selectively activate p21 (target genes of p53). Third, AA can down-regulates androgen receptor (AR) through supressing p300. Our study suggests that AA has multiple anti-tumor activities in LNCaP cells and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tan
- Department of Urology, the third Xiangya Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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