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Zheng Y, Wang L, Dong H, Lin X, Zhao L, Ye S, Dong GH. Similarities and differences in dynamic properties of brain networks between internet gaming disorder and tobacco use disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 135:111119. [PMID: 39159804 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and tobacco use disorder (TUD) are two major addiction disorders that result in substantial financial loss. Identifying the similarities and differences between these two disorders is important to understand substance addiction and behavioral addiction. The current study was designed to compare these two disorders utilizing dynamic analysis. METHOD Resting-state data were collected from 35 individuals with IGD, 35 individuals with TUD and 35 healthy controls (HCs). Dynamic coactivation pattern analysis was employed to decipher their dynamic patterns. RESULTS IGD participants showed decreased coactivation patterns within the default mode network (DMN) and between the DMN and the salience network (SN). The SN showed reduced coactivation patterns with the executive control network (ECN) and DMN, and the ECN showed decreased coactivation patterns with the DMN. In the TUD group, the DMN exhibited decreased coactivation patterns with the SN, the SN exhibited reduced coactivation patterns with the DMN and ECN, and the ECN showed decreased coactivation patterns with the DMN and within the ECN. Furthermore, the triple network model was fitted to the dynamic properties of the two addiction disorders. Decoding analysis results indicated that addiction-related memory and memory retrieval displayed similar dysfunctions in both addictions. CONCLUSION The dynamic characteristics of IGD and TUD suggest that there are similarities in the dynamic features between the SN and DMN and differences in the dynamic features between the DMN and ECN. Our results revealed that the two addiction disorders have dissociable brain mechanisms, indicating that future studies should consider these two addiction disorders as having two separate mechanisms to achieve precise treatment for their individualized targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Zheng
- Department of Psychology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China; Centre for Cognition and Brain disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Centre for Cognition and Brain disorders, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Lingxiao Wang
- Centre for Cognition and Brain disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Centre for Cognition and Brain disorders, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Haohao Dong
- Centre for Cognition and Brain disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders of Peking University Sixth Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuer Ye
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Guang-Heng Dong
- Department of Psychology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China.
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Li X, Ramos-Rolón AP, Kass G, Pereira-Rufino LS, Shifman N, Shi Z, Volkow ND, Wiers CE. Imaging neuroinflammation in individuals with substance use disorders. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e172884. [PMID: 38828729 PMCID: PMC11142750 DOI: 10.1172/jci172884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a role of neuroinflammation in substance use disorders (SUDs). This Review presents findings from neuroimaging studies assessing brain markers of inflammation in vivo in individuals with SUDs. Most studies investigated the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) using PET; neuroimmune markers myo-inositol, choline-containing compounds, and N-acetyl aspartate using magnetic resonance spectroscopy; and fractional anisotropy using MRI. Study findings have contributed to a greater understanding of neuroimmune function in the pathophysiology of SUDs, including its temporal dynamics (i.e., acute versus chronic substance use) and new targets for SUD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Astrid P. Ramos-Rolón
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gabriel Kass
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lais S. Pereira-Rufino
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Naomi Shifman
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zhenhao Shi
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nora D. Volkow
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Corinde E. Wiers
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Zhang S, Yang W, Li M, Wen X, Shao Z, Li J, Liu J, Zhang J, Yu D, Liu J, Yuan K. Reconfigurations of Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity in Large-scale Brain Network after Prolonged Abstinence in Heroin Users. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1144-1153. [PMID: 36453493 PMCID: PMC10964104 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221129105408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain recovery phenomenon after long-term abstinence had been reported in substance use disorders. Yet, few longitudinal studies have been conducted to observe the abnormal dynamic functional connectivity (dFNC) of large-scale brain networks and recovery after prolonged abstinence in heroin users. OBJECTIVE The current study will explore the brain network dynamic connection reconfigurations after prolonged abstinence in heroin users (HUs). METHODS The 10-month longitudinal design was carried out for 40 HUs. The 40 healthy controls (HCs) were also enrolled. Group independent component analysis (GICA) and dFNC analysis were employed to detect the different dFNC patterns of addiction-related ICNs between HUs and HCs. The temporal properties and the graph-theoretical properties were calculated. Whether the abnormalities would be reconfigured in HUs after prolonged abstinence was then investigated. RESULTS Based on eight functional networks extracted from GICA, four states were identified by the dFNC analysis. Lower mean dwell time and fraction rate in state4 were found for HUs, which were increased toward HCs after prolonged abstinence. In this state, HUs at baseline showed higher dFNC of RECN-aSN, aSN- aSN and dDMN-pSN, which decreased after protracted abstinence. A similar recovery phenomenon was found for the global efficiency and path length in abstinence HUs. Mean while, the abnormal dFNC strength was correlated with craving both at baseline and after abstinence. CONCLUSION Our longitudinal study observed the large-scale brain network reconfiguration from the dynamic perspective in HUs after prolonged abstinence and improved the understanding of the neurobiology of prolonged abstinence in HUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
| | - Wenhan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Minpeng Li
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
| | - Xinwen Wen
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
| | - Ziqiang Shao
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
| | - Jun Li
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
| | - Jixin Liu
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Hunan Judicial Police Academy, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Dahua Yu
- Information Processing Laboratory, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014010, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
- Information Processing Laboratory, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014010, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of Trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, China
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Ely AV, Wetherill RR. Reward and inhibition in obesity and cigarette smoking: Neurobiological overlaps and clinical implications. Physiol Behav 2023; 260:114049. [PMID: 36470508 PMCID: PMC10694810 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.114049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking and obesity are the leading causes of premature morbidity and mortality and increase the risk of all-cause mortality four-fold when comorbid. Individuals with these conditions demonstrate neurobiological and behavioral differences regarding how they respond to rewarding stimuli or engage in inhibitory control. This narrative review examines the role of reward and inhibition in cigarette smoking and obesity independently, as well as recent research demonstrating an effect of increased body mass index (BMI) on neurocognitive function in individuals who smoke. It is possible that chronic smoking and overeating of highly palatable food, contributing to obesity, dysregulates reward neurocircuitry, subsequently leading to hypofunction of brain networks associated with inhibitory control. These brain changes do not appear to be specific to food or nicotine and, as a result, can potentiate continued cross-use. Changes to reward and inhibitory function due to increased BMI may also make cessation more difficult for those comorbid for obesity and smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice V Ely
- Cooper University Health Care, Center for Healing, Division of Addiction Medicine, Camden, NJ 08103, USA.
| | - Reagan R Wetherill
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Lee JY, Choi CH, Park M, Park S, Choi JS. Enhanced resting-state EEG source functional connectivity within the default mode and reward-salience networks in internet gaming disorder. Psychol Med 2022; 52:2189-2197. [PMID: 35193713 PMCID: PMC9386438 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The two key mechanisms affected by internet gaming disorder (IGD) are cognitive and reward processing. Despite their significance, little is known about neurophysiological features as determined using resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) source functional connectivity (FC). METHODS We compared resting-state EEG source FC within the default mode network (DMN) and reward/salience network (RSN) between patients with IGD and healthy controls (HCs) to identify neurophysiological markers associated with cognitive and reward processing. A total of 158 young male adults (79 patients with IGD and 79 HCs) were included, and the source FC of the DMN and RSN in five spectral bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma) were assessed. RESULTS Patients with IGD showed increased theta, alpha, and beta connectivity within the DMN between the orbitofrontal cortex and parietal regions compared with HCs. In terms of RSN, patients with IGD exhibited elevated alpha and beta connectivity between the anterior cingulate gyrus and temporal regions compared with HCs. Furthermore, patients with IGD showed negative correlations between the severity of IGD symptoms and/or weekly gaming time and theta and alpha connectivity within the DMN and theta, alpha, and beta connectivity within the RSN. However, the duration of IGD was not associated with EEG source FC. CONCLUSIONS Hyper-connectivities within the DMN and RSN may be considered potential state markers associated with symptom severity and gaming time in IGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yoon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Hyun Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Park
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chen Y, Chaudhary S, Wang W, Li CSR. Gray matter volumes of the insula and anterior cingulate cortex and their dysfunctional roles in cigarette smoking. ADDICTION NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 1:100003. [PMID: 37220533 PMCID: PMC10201991 DOI: 10.1016/j.addicn.2021.100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The salience network, including the insula and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), has been implicated in nicotine addiction. Structural imaging studies have reported diminished insula and ACC gray matter volumes (GMVs) in smokers as compared to nonsmokers. However, it remains unclear how insula and ACC GMVs may relate to years of smoking, addiction severity, or behavioral traits known to dispose individuals to smoking. Here, with a dataset curated from the Human Connectome Project and voxel-based morphometry, we replicated the findings of smaller GMVs of the insula and medial prefrontal cortex, including the dorsal ACC and supplementary motor area (dACC/SMA), in (70 heavy < 209 light < 209 never) smokers matched in age, sex, and average daily num ber of drinks. The GMVs of the insula or dACC/SMA were not significantly correlated with years of smoking or Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) scores. Heavy relative to never smokers demonstrated higher externalizing and internalizing scores, as evaluated by the NIH Emotion. In heavy smokers, the dACC/SMA but not insula GMV was positively correlated with both externalizing and internalizing scores. The findings together confirm volumetric changes in the salience network in heavy smokers and suggest potentially distinct dysfunctional roles of the insula and dACC/SMA in chronic smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shefali Chaudhary
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Wuyi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Chiang-Shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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Li X, Dong F, Zhang Y, Wang J, Wang Z, Sun Y, Zhang M, Xue T, Ren Y, Lv X, Yuan K, Yu D. Altered resting-state electroencephalography microstate characteristics in young male smokers. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1008007. [PMID: 36267852 PMCID: PMC9577082 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1008007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of nicotine addiction was associated with the abnormalities of intrinsic functional networks during the resting state in young adult smokers. As a whole-brain imaging approach, EEG microstate analysis treated multichannel EEG recordings as a series of quasi-steady microscopic states which were related to the resting-state networks (RSNs) found by fMRI. The aim of this study was to examine whether the resting-state EEG microstate analysis may provide novel insights into the abnormal temporal properties of intrinsic brain activities in young smokers. We used 64-channel resting-state EEG datasets to investigate alterations in microstate characteristics between twenty-five young smokers and 25 age- and gender-matched non-smoking controls. Four classic EEG microstates (microstate A, B, C, and D) were obtained, and the four temporal parameters of each microstate were extracted, i.e., duration, occurrence, coverage, and transition probabilities. Compared with non-smoking controls, young smokers showed decreased occurrence of microstate C and increased duration of microstate D. Furthermore, both the duration and coverage of microstate D were significantly negatively correlated with Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND) in young smoker group. The complex changes in the microstate time-domain parameters might correspond to the abnormalities of RSNs in analyses of FC measured with fMRI in the previous studies and indicate the altered specific brain functions in young smokers. Microstate D could be potentially represented as a selective biomarker for predicting the dependence degree of adolescent smokers on cigarettes. These results suggested that EEG microstate analysis might detect the deviant functions of large-scale cortical activities in young smokers and provide a new perspective for the study of brain networks of adolescent smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Fang Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Yunmiao Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Zhengxi Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Yaning Sun
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Ting Xue
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Yan Ren
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Xiaoqi Lv
- College of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dahua Yu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
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Ghahremani DG, Pochon JB, Perez Diaz M, Tyndale RF, Dean AC, London ED. Functional connectivity of the anterior insula during withdrawal from cigarette smoking. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:2083-2089. [PMID: 34035468 PMCID: PMC8505622 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Currently available therapies for smoking cessation have limited efficacy, and potential treatments that target specific brain regions are under evaluation, with a focus on the insula. The ventral and dorsal anterior subregions of the insula serve distinct functional networks, yet our understanding of how these subregions contribute to smoking behavior is unclear. Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) provides a window into network-level function associated with smoking-related internal states. The goal of this study was to determine potentially distinct relationships of ventral and dorsal anterior insula RSFC with cigarette withdrawal after brief abstinence from smoking. Forty-seven participants (24 women; 18-45 years old), who smoked cigarettes daily and were abstinent from smoking overnight (~12 h), provided self-reports of withdrawal and underwent resting-state fMRI before and after smoking the first cigarette of the day. Correlations between withdrawal and RSFC were computed separately for ventral and dorsal anterior insula seed regions in whole-brain voxel-wise analyses. Withdrawal was positively correlated with RSFC of the right ventral anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) before but not after smoking. The correlation was mainly due to a composite effect of craving and physical symptoms of withdrawal. These results suggest a role of right ventral anterior insula-dACC connectivity in the internal states that maintain smoking behavior (e.g., withdrawal) and present a specific neural target for brain-based therapies seeking to attenuate withdrawal symptoms in the critical early stages of smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara G. Ghahremani
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Jean-Baptiste Pochon
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Maylen Perez Diaz
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Rachel F. Tyndale
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Andy C. Dean
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Edythe D. London
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
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Ely AV, Jagannathan K, Spilka N, Keyser H, Rao H, Franklin TR, Wetherill RR. Exploration of the influence of body mass index on intra-network resting-state connectivity in chronic cigarette smokers. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 227:108911. [PMID: 34364193 PMCID: PMC8464487 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and cigarette smoking are two leading preventable causes of death. Previous research suggests that comorbid smoking and obesity likely share neurobehavioral underpinnings; however, the influence of body mass index (BMI) on resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in smokers remains unknown. In this study, we explore how BMI affects rsFC and associations between rsFC and smoking-related behavior. METHODS Treatment-seeking cigarette smokers (N = 87; 54 % men) completed a BOLD resting-state fMRI scan session. We grouped smokers into BMI groups (N = 23 with obesity, N = 33 with overweight, N = 31 lean) and used independent components analysis (ICA) to identify the resting state networks commonly associated with cigarette smoking: salience network (SN), right and left executive control networks (ECN) and default mode network (DMN). Average rsFC values were extracted (p < 0.001, k = 100) to determine group differences in rsFC and relationship to self-reported smoking and dependence. RESULTS Analyses revealed a significant relationship between BMI and connectivity in the SN and a significant quadratic effect of BMI on DMN connectivity. Heavier smoking was related to greater rsFC in the SN among lean and obese groups but reduced rsFC in the overweight group. CONCLUSIONS Findings build on research suggesting an influence of BMI on the neurobiology of smokers. In particular, dysfunction of SN-DMN-ECN circuitry in smokers with overweight may lead to a failure to modulate attention and behavior and subsequent difficulty quitting smoking. Future research is needed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the interaction of BMI and smoking and its impact on treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice V. Ely
- Corresponding authors: University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, 3535 Market St Suite 500, Philadelphia PA 19104, ,
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Reagan R. Wetherill
- Corresponding authors: University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, 3535 Market St Suite 500, Philadelphia PA 19104, ,
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10
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Chen J, Wang F, Zhu J, Li Y, Liu W, Xue J, Shi H, Li W, Li Q, Wang W. Assessing effect of long-term abstinence on coupling of three core brain networks in male heroin addicts: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12982. [PMID: 33142364 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Abstinence is one of the important measures for heroin addiction. However, it is unknown whether long-term abstinence (LA) would improve the coupling among three core brain networks (salience, default mode, and executive control) and decrease craving in treated heroin addicts. Forty-three heroin addicts with LA, 27 heroin addicts with short-term abstinence (SA), and 46 demographically matched healthy controls (HC) participated in the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. The authors compared the functional connectivity among the three groups and examined how the coupling among salience, default mode, and executive control networks related to duration of abstinence and craving before and after drug cue exposure among heroin addicts. Compared with the SA group, with a tendency toward the HC group, the LA group showed lower drug cue-induced craving, stronger connectivity between the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (a key node of salience network) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right posterior parietal cortex (key nodes of executive control network), and stronger connectivity between the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and precuneus (a key node of default mode network). Meanwhile, the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-precuneus connectivity positively correlated with duration of abstinence. The LA and SA groups demonstrated lower connectivity between the left anterior insula (a key node of salience network) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and lower connectivity within the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, compared with the HC group. Our findings revealed that LA is associated with lower drug cue induced craving and improve the coupling among the three core brain networks in heroin addicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Chen
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Jia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yongbin Li
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Jiuhua Xue
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Hong Shi
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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11
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Hamidullah S, Thorpe HHA, Frie JA, Mccurdy RD, Khokhar JY. Adolescent Substance Use and the Brain: Behavioral, Cognitive and Neuroimaging Correlates. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:298. [PMID: 32848673 PMCID: PMC7418456 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is an important ontogenetic period that is characterized by behaviors such as enhanced novelty-seeking, impulsivity, and reward preference, which can give rise to an increased risk for substance use. While substance use rates in adolescence are generally on a decline, the current rates combined with emerging trends, such as increases in e-cigarette use, remain a significant public health concern. In this review, we focus on the neurobiological divergences associated with adolescent substance use, derived from a cross-sectional, retrospective, and longitudinal studies, and highlight how the use of these substances during adolescence may relate to behavioral and neuroimaging-based outcomes. Identifying and understanding the associations between adolescent substance use and changes in cognition, mental health, and future substance use risk may assist our understanding of the consequences of drug exposure during this critical window.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hayley H A Thorpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jude A Frie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Richard D Mccurdy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jibran Y Khokhar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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12
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Xue T, Dong F, Huang R, Tao Z, Tang J, Cheng Y, Zhou M, Hu Y, Li X, Yu D, Ju H, Yuan K. Dynamic Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Smoking in Young Smokers. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:663. [PMID: 32754067 PMCID: PMC7367415 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine potential changes in the dynamic characteristics of regional neural activity in young smokers and to detect whether the changes were associated with smoking behavior. METHODS The dynamic regional homogeneity (dReHo) and dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (dALFF) in 40 young smokers and 42 nonsmokers were compared. Correlation analyses were also performed between dReHo and dALFF in areas showing group differences and smoking behavior [e.g., the Fagerström Test for Nicotine dependence (FTND) scores and pack-years]. RESULTS Significantly differences in dReHo variability were observed in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), superior frontal gyrus (SFG), medial frontal gyrus (MFG), insula, cuneus, postcentral gyrus, inferior semi-lunar lobule, orbitofrontal gyrus, and inferior temporal gyrus (ITG). Young smokers also showed significantly increased dALFF variability in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and ITG. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was found between dALFF variability in the ACC and the pack-years; whereas a significant negative correlation between dReHo variability in the IFG and the FTND scores was found in young smokers. CONCLUSION The pattern of resting state regional neural activity variability was different between young smokers and nonsmokers. Dynamic regional indexes might be a novel neuroimaging biomarker of smoking behavior in young smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xue
- School of Science, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Fang Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Ruoyan Huang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Zhanlong Tao
- School of Science, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Jun Tang
- School of Science, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Yongxin Cheng
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Yiting Hu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Dahua Yu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Haitao Ju
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, China
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13
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Cai W, Zhao M, Liu J, Liu B, Yu D, Yuan K. Right arcuate fasciculus and superior longitudinal fasciculus abnormalities in primary insomnia. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 13:1746-1755. [PMID: 31327125 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Primary insomnia (PI) is a very common phenomenon and associated with functional impairments of attention, memory and mood regulation. However, its neurobiology is poorly understood. To date, the studies about integrity of white matter (WM) tracts in PI patients have been still rare. In the present study, we used Automated Fiber Quantification (AFQ), which reliably and efficiently quantified diffusion measurements at multiple locations along the WM trajectory based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), to assess WM diffusion properties differences between 23 PI patients and 32 matched healthy controls in 18 tracts. The relationships between neuroimaging differences and sleep behaviors were explored, including Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Insomnia Severity Index Scale (ISI). Compared with healthy control group, right arcuate fasciculus (Arc) and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) showed significant higher fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) along tract length in PI patients (FWE corrected, p < 0.01). Axial diffusivity (AD) for PI patients was higher in right Arc and lower in right SLF. Correlation analyses revealed that FA of right Arc and MD of right SLF were negatively correlated with PSQI score in PI patients, and AD of right Arc and FA of right SLF were positively correlated with PSQI score. Negative correlation was observed between FA of right Arc and AD of right SLF and ISI score in PI patients. Our findings can help us to improve the understanding of the neural mechanisms of primary insomnia at abnormalities in WM microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanye Cai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710071, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710071, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710071, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014010, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahua Yu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, Information Processing Laboratory, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014010, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kai Yuan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710071, People's Republic of China. .,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, People's Republic of China. .,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, Information Processing Laboratory, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014010, People's Republic of China.
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14
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12-h abstinence-induced functional connectivity density changes and craving in young smokers: a resting-state study. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 13:953-962. [PMID: 29926324 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9911-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Studying the neural correlates of craving to smoke is of great importance to improve treatment outcomes in smoking addiction. According to previous studies, the critical roles of striatum and frontal brain regions had been revealed in addiction. However, few studies focused on the hub of brain regions in the 12 h abstinence induced craving in young smokers. Thirty-one young male smokers were enrolled in the present study. A within-subject experiment design was carried out to compare functional connectivity density between 12-h smoking abstinence and smoking satiety conditions during resting state in young adult smokers by using functional connectivity density mapping (FCDM). Then, the functional connectivity density changes during smoking abstinence versus satiety were further used to examine correlations with abstinence-induced changes in subjective craving. We found young adult smokers in abstinence state (vs satiety) had higher local functional connectivity density (lFCD) and global functional connectivity density (gFCD) in brain regions including striatal subregions (i.e., bilateral caudate and putamen), frontal regions (i.e., anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and orbital frontal cortex (OFC)) and bilateral insula. We also found higher lFCD during smoking abstinence (vs satiety) in bilateral thalamus. Additionally, the lFCD changes of the left ACC, bilateral caudate and right OFC were positively correlated with the changes in craving induced by abstinence (i.e., abstinence minus satiety) in young adult smokers. The present findings improve the understanding of the effects of acute smoking abstinence on the hubs of brain gray matter in the abstinence-induces craving and may contribute new insights into the neural mechanism of abstinence-induced craving in young smokers in smoking addiction.
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15
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Faulkner P, Ghahremani DG, Tyndale RF, Paterson NE, Cox C, Ginder N, Hellemann G, London ED. Neural basis of smoking-induced relief of craving and negative affect: Contribution of nicotine. Addict Biol 2019; 24:1087-1095. [PMID: 30307083 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Smoking-induced relief of craving and withdrawal promotes continued cigarette use. Understanding how relief is produced and the role of nicotine in this process may facilitate development of new smoking-cessation therapies. As the US Food and Drug Administration considers setting a standard for reduced nicotine content in cigarettes to improve public health, knowledge of how nicotine contributes to relief also can inform policy. We assessed effects of nicotine using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and behavioral assessments of craving and negative affect. Twenty-one young (18-25 years old) daily smokers underwent overnight abstinence on 4 days. On each of the following mornings, they self-rated their cigarette craving and negative affect and underwent resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) before and after smoking a cigarette that delivered 0.027, 0.110, 0.231, or 0.763 mg of nicotine. Functional connectivity between the anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and between the nucleus accumbens and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) was assessed. Smoking reduced craving, negative affect, and nucleus accumbens-OFC connectivity irrespective of nicotine dose, with positive correlations of the effects on behavioral and connectivity measures. Only the highest nicotine dose (0.763 mg) reduced right anterior insula-ACC connectivity; this reduction was positively correlated with the behavioral effects of the 0.763-mg dose only. While nicotine-based therapies may act on right anterior insula-ACC functional circuits to facilitate smoking cessation, non-nicotine (eg, the conditioned and sensorimotor) aspects of smoking may promote cessation by reducing OFC-accumbens connectivity to alleviate withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Faulkner
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles California
| | - Dara G. Ghahremani
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles California
| | - Rachel F. Tyndale
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Psychiatry; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Neil E. Paterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles California
| | - Chelsea Cox
- Department of Psychology; University of Illinois; Chicago Illinois
| | - Nathaniel Ginder
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles California
| | - Gerhard Hellemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles California
| | - Edythe D. London
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles California
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles California
- The Brain Research Institute; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles California
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16
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Regner MF, Tregellas J, Kluger B, Wylie K, Gowin JL, Tanabe J. The insula in nicotine use disorder: Functional neuroimaging and implications for neuromodulation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 103:414-424. [PMID: 31207255 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Insula dysfunction contributes to nicotine use disorders. Yet, much remains unknown about how insular functions promote nicotine use. We review current models of brain networks in smoking and propose an extension to those models that emphasizes the role of the insula in craving. During acute withdrawal, the insula provides the sensation of craving to the cerebrum and is thought to negotiate craving sensations with cognitive control to guide behavior - either to smoke or abstain. Recent studies have shown that insula processing is saturable, such that different insular functions compete for limited resources. We propose that this saturability explains how craving during withdrawal can overload insular processing to the exclusion of other functions, such as saliency and network homeostasis. A novel signal flow model illustrates how limited insular capacity leads to breakdown of normal function. Finally, we discuss suitability of insula as a neuromodulation target to promote cessation. Given the limited efficacy of standard-of-care treatments for nicotine use disorder, insular neuromodulation offers an innovative, potentially therapeutic target for improving smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Regner
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States.
| | - Jason Tregellas
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States; Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, United States
| | - Benzi Kluger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States
| | - Korey Wylie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States
| | - Joshua L Gowin
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States
| | - Jody Tanabe
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States
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17
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Soldan A, Moghekar A, Walker KA, Pettigrew C, Hou X, Lu H, Miller MI, Alfini A, Albert M, Xu D, Xiao MF, Worley P. Resting-State Functional Connectivity Is Associated With Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of the Synaptic Protein NPTX2 in Non-demented Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:132. [PMID: 31231205 PMCID: PMC6568192 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic functional connectivity of large-scale brain networks has been shown to change with aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These alterations are thought to reflect changes in synaptic function, but the underlying biological mechanisms are poorly understood. This study examined whether Neuronal Pentraxin 2 (NPTX2), a synaptic protein that mediates homeostatic strengthening of inhibitory circuits to control cortical excitability, is associated with functional connectivity as measured by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) in five large-scale cognitive brain networks. In this cross-sectional study, rsfMRI scans were obtained from 130 older individuals (mean age = 69 years) with normal cognition (N = 113) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (N = 17); NPTX2 was measured in the same individuals in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Higher levels of NPTX2 in CSF were associated with greater functional connectivity in the salience/ventral attention network, based on linear regression analysis. Moreover, this association was stronger among individuals with lower levels of cognitive reserve, as measured by a composite score (comprised of years of education, reading, and vocabulary measures). Additionally, higher connectivity in the salience/ventral attention network was related to better performance on a composite measure of executive function. Levels of NPTX2 were not associated with connectivity in other networks (executive control, limbic, dorsal attention, and default-mode). Findings also confirmed prior reports that individuals with MCI have lower levels of NPTX2 compared to those with normal cognition. Taken together, the results suggest that NPTX2 mechanisms may play a central role among older individuals in connectivity within the salience/ventral attention network and for cognitive tasks that require modulation of attention and response selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Soldan
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Abhay Moghekar
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Keenan A Walker
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Corinne Pettigrew
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xirui Hou
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Michael I Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alfonso Alfini
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marilyn Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Desheng Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mei-Fang Xiao
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Paul Worley
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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18
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Liang H, Chang L, Chen R, Oishi K, Ernst T. Independent and Combined Effects of Chronic HIV-Infection and Tobacco Smoking on Brain Microstructure. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2018; 13:509-522. [PMID: 30225549 PMCID: PMC6247419 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-018-9810-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
HIV-infected individuals (HIV+) have 2-3 times higher prevalence of tobacco smoking than the general U.S. population. This study aims to evaluate the independent and combined effects of tobacco-smoking and HIV-infection on brain microstructure and cognition using a 2 × 2 design. 21 HIV + Smokers, 25 HIV + Nonsmokers, 25 Seronegative (SN)-Smokers and 23 SN-Nonsmokers were evaluated using diffusion tensor imaging. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean (MD), radial (RD) and axial (AD) diffusivity were assessed in 8 major cerebral fiber tracts and 5 subcortical regions. Cognitive performance in 7 neurocognitive domains was also assessed. Compared to SN, HIV+ had higher AD in genu of corpus callosum (GCC, p = 0.002). Smokers also had higher diffusivities in GCC, splenium of corpus callosum (SCC), anterior corona radiata (ACR), sagittal stratum (SS) and superior fronto-occipital fasciculus (SFO), than Nonsmokers (p-values<0.001-0.003). Tobacco-Smoking and HIV-infection showed synergistic effects on AD_SS (p = 0.002) and RD_SFO (p = 0.02), but opposite effects in FA_putamen (p = 0.024). Additive effects from HIV+ and Tobacco-Smoking were observed in 9 other white matter tracts, with highest diffusivities and lowest FA in HIV + Smokers. Higher diffusivities in the GCC, SCC, ACR and SS predicted poorer cognitive performance across all participants (p ≤ 0.001). Higher AD_GCC also predicted slower Speed of information processing and poorer Fluency and Attention only in HIV + Smokers (p = 0.001-0.003). Chronic tobacco smoking and HIV-infection appear to have additive and synergistic adverse effects on brain diffusivities, suggesting greater neuroinflammation, which may contribute to poorer cognition. Therefore, chronic tobacco-smoking may be a risk factor for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Liang
- Department of Radiology, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, 419 W. Redwood Street, Suite 225, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Linda Chang
- Department of Radiology, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, 419 W. Redwood Street, Suite 225, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, 419 W. Redwood Street, Suite 225, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Kenichi Oishi
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Ernst
- Department of Radiology, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, 419 W. Redwood Street, Suite 225, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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19
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Dick AS, Garic D, Graziano P, Tremblay P. The frontal aslant tract (FAT) and its role in speech, language and executive function. Cortex 2018; 111:148-163. [PMID: 30481666 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we examine the structural connectivity of a recently-identified fiber pathway, the frontal aslant tract (FAT), and explore its function. We first review structural connectivity studies using tract-tracing methods in non-human primates, and diffusion-weighted imaging and electrostimulation in humans. These studies suggest a monosynaptic connection exists between the lateral inferior frontal gyrus and the pre-supplementary and supplementary motor areas of the medial superior frontal gyrus. This connection is termed the FAT. We then review research on the left FAT's putative role in supporting speech and language function, with particular focus on speech initiation, stuttering and verbal fluency. Next, we review research on the right FAT's putative role supporting executive function, namely inhibitory control and conflict monitoring for action. We summarize the extant body of empirical work by suggesting that the FAT plays a domain general role in the planning, timing, and coordination of sequential motor movements through the resolution of competition among potential motor plans. However, we also propose some domain specialization across the hemispheres. On the left hemisphere, the circuit is proposed to be specialized for speech actions. On the right hemisphere, the circuit is proposed to be specialized for general action control of the organism, especially in the visuo-spatial domain. We close the review with a discussion of the clinical significance of the FAT, and suggestions for further research on the pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dea Garic
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Paulo Graziano
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Pascale Tremblay
- Departement de Readaptation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Quebec City, Canada
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20
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Parenting and Salience Network Connectivity Among African Americans: A Protective Pathway for Health-Risk Behaviors. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:365-371. [PMID: 29731104 PMCID: PMC6097936 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supportive parenting during childhood has been associated with many positive developmental outcomes for offspring in adulthood, including fewer health-risk behaviors. Little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying these associations. METHODS The present study followed rural African Americans (n = 91, 52% female) from late childhood (11-13 years of age) to emerging adulthood (25 years of age). Parent-child communication was assessed at 11, 12, and 13 years of age. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used at 25 years of age to measure resting-state functional connectivity of the anterior salience network (ASN). Harmful alcohol use and emotional eating were also assessed at 25 years of age. Structural equation modeling was used to test pathways from parent-child communication at 11 to 13 years of age to harmful alcohol use and emotional eating at 25 years of age via resting-state functional connectivity of the ASN. RESULTS Greater parent-child communication between 11 and 13 years of age forecast greater resting-state functional connectivity of the ASN at 25 years of age which, in turn, was associated with lower harmful alcohol use and emotional eating at 25 years of age. Significant indirect effects through the ASN were present for both outcomes. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate the importance of parenting in late childhood for adaptive behaviors and suggest a pathway via higher ASN coherence. This network was implicated in both harmful alcohol use and emotional eating, corroborating evidence of overlap in brain regions for dysregulated substance use and eating behaviors and revealing divergent pathways. These findings support the value of prevention and intervention efforts targeting parenting skills in childhood toward fostering long-term, adaptive neurocognitive development.
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21
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Peng P, Li M, Liu H, Tian YR, Chu SL, Van Halm-Lutterodt N, Jing B, Jiang T. Brain Structure Alterations in Respect to Tobacco Consumption and Nicotine Dependence: A Comparative Voxel-Based Morphometry Study. Front Neuroanat 2018; 12:43. [PMID: 29881337 PMCID: PMC5978277 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2018.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to examine the lifetime tobacco consumption and the degree of nicotine dependence related gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume alterations in young adult-male smokers. Fifty-three long-term male smokers and 53 well-matched male healthy non-smokers participated in the study, and the smokers were respectively categorized into light and heavy tobacco consumption subgroups by pack-years and into moderate and severe nicotine dependence subgroups using the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Voxel-based morphometry analysis was then performed, and ANCOVA analysis combined with subsequent post hoc test were used to explore the between-group brain volume abnormalities related to the smoking amount and nicotine dependence. Light and heavy smokers displayed smaller GM and WM volumes than non-smokers, while heavy smokers were found with more significant brain atrophy than light smokers in GM areas of precuneus, inferior and middle frontal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, cerebellum anterior lobe and insula, and in WM areas of cerebellum anterior lobe. However, the contrary trend was observed regarding alterations associated with severity of nicotine dependence. Severe nicotine dependence smokers rather demonstrated less atrophy levels compared to moderate nicotine dependence smokers, especially in GM areas of precuneus, superior and middle temporal gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, posterior cingulate and insula, and in WM areas of precuneus, posterior cingulate, cerebellum anterior lobe and midbrain. The results reveal that the nicotine dependence displays a dissimilar effect on the brain volume in comparison to the cigarette consumption. Our study could provide new evidences to understand the adverse effects of smoking on the brain structure, which is helpful for further treatment of smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Peng
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Ru Tian
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shui-Lian Chu
- Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nicholas Van Halm-Lutterodt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopaedics and Neurosurgery, Keck Medical Center of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bin Jing
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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22
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Shahbabaie A, Ebrahimpoor M, Hariri A, Nitsche MA, Hatami J, Fatemizadeh E, Oghabian MA, Ekhtiari H. Transcranial DC stimulation modifies functional connectivity of large-scale brain networks in abstinent methamphetamine users. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e00922. [PMID: 29541538 PMCID: PMC5840443 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation tool suited to alter cortical excitability and activity via the application of weak direct electrical currents. An increasing number of studies in the addiction literature suggests that tDCS modulates subjective self-reported craving through stimulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The major goal of this study was to explore effects of bilateral DLPFC stimulation on resting state networks (RSNs) in association with drug craving modulation. We targeted three large-scale RSNs; the default mode network (DMN), the executive control network (ECN), and the salience network (SN). Methods Fifteen males were recruited after signing written informed consent. We conducted a double-blinded sham-controlled crossover study. Twenty-minute "real" and "sham" tDCS (2 mA) were applied over the DLPFC on two separate days in random order. Each subject received both stimulation conditions with a 1-week washout period. The anode and cathode electrodes were located over the right and left DLPFC, respectively. Resting state fMRI was acquired before and after real and sham stimulation. Subjective craving was assessed before and after each fMRI scan. The RSNs were identified using seed-based analysis and were compared using a generalized linear model. Results Subjective craving decreased significantly after real tDCS compared to sham stimulation (p = .03). Moreover, the analysis shows significant modulation of DMN, ECN, and SN after real tDCS compared to sham stimulation. Additionally, alteration of subjective craving score was correlated with modified activation of the three networks. Discussion Given the observed alteration of the targeted functional brain networks in methamphetamine users, new potentials are highlighted for tDCS as a network intervention strategy and rsfMRI as a suitable monitoring method for these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shahbabaie
- Institute for Cognitive Science StudiesTehranIran
- Neuroimaging and Analysis GroupResearch Center for Cellular and Molecular ImagingTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Iranian National Center for Addiction StudiesTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Psychology and NeurosciencesLeibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human FactorsDortmundGermany
| | - Mitra Ebrahimpoor
- Neuroimaging and Analysis GroupResearch Center for Cellular and Molecular ImagingTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Medical Statistics and BioinformaticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Ali Hariri
- Department of NanoEngineering and Materials Science and Engineering ProgramUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
- Department of Electrical EngineeringSharif University of TechnologyTehranIran
| | - Michael A. Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and NeurosciencesLeibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human FactorsDortmundGermany
| | - Javad Hatami
- Institute for Cognitive Science StudiesTehranIran
- Department of Psychology and Educational SciencesUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Emad Fatemizadeh
- Department of Electrical EngineeringSharif University of TechnologyTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Ali Oghabian
- Neuroimaging and Analysis GroupResearch Center for Cellular and Molecular ImagingTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Institute for Cognitive Science StudiesTehranIran
- Neuroimaging and Analysis GroupResearch Center for Cellular and Molecular ImagingTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Iranian National Center for Addiction StudiesTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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23
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Bi Y, Yuan K, Yu D, Wang R, Li M, Li Y, Zhai J, Lin W, Tian J. White matter integrity of central executive network correlates with enhanced brain reactivity to smoking cues. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:6239-6249. [PMID: 28960762 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The attentional bias to smoking cues contributes to smoking cue reactivity and cognitive declines underlines smoking behaviors, which were probably associated with the central executive network (CEN). However, little is known about the implication of the structural connectivity of the CEN in smoking cue reactivity and cognitive control impairments in smokers. In the present study, the white matter structural connectivity of the CEN was quantified in 35 smokers and 26 non-smokers using the diffusion tensor imaging and deterministic fiber tractography methods. Smoking cue reactivity was evaluated using cue exposure tasks, and cognitive control performance was assessed by the Stroop task. Relative to non-smokers, smokers showed increased fractional anisotropy (FA) values of the bilateral CEN fiber tracts. The FA values of left CEN positively correlated with the smoking cue-induced activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right middle occipital cortex in smokers. Meanwhile, the FA values of left CEN positively correlated with the incongruent errors during Stroop task in smokers. Collectively, the present study highlighted the role of the structural connectivity of the CEN in smoking cue reactivity and cognitive control performance, which may underpin the attentional bias to smoking cues and cognitive deficits in smokers. The multimodal imaging method by forging links from brain structure to brain function extended the notion that structural connections can modulate the brain activity in specific projection target regions. Hum Brain Mapp 38:6239-6249, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Bi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yuan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, People's Republic of China.,School of Information Engineering, Information Processing Laboratory, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahua Yu
- School of Information Engineering, Information Processing Laboratory, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangding Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multi-Source Information Mining and Security, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinquan Zhai
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of neurosurgery, No 101 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Tian
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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