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Bava R, Lupia C, Castagna F, Ruga S, Nucera S, Caminiti R, Bulotta RM, Naccari C, Carresi C, Musolino V, Statti G, Britti D, Mollace V, Palma E. Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction for the Control of Flupyradifurone-Induced Poisoning in Honeybees. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:608. [PMID: 38396576 PMCID: PMC10886160 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Flupyradifurone (FLU) is a butenolide insecticide that has come onto the market relatively recently. It is used in agriculture to control aphids, psyllids, and whiteflies. Toxicity studies have decreed its low toxicity to honeybees. However, recent research has challenged these claims; oral exposure to the pesticide can lead to behavioral abnormalities and in the worst cases, lethal phenomena. Compounds with antioxidant activity, such as flavonoids and polyphenols, have been shown to protect against the toxic effects of pesticides. The aim of this research was to evaluate the possible protective effect of the bergamot polyphenolic fraction (BPF) against behavioral abnormalities and lethality induced by toxic doses of FLU orally administered to honeybees under laboratory conditions. Honeybees were assigned to experimental groups in which two toxic doses of FLU, 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L were administered. In other replicates, three doses (1, 2 and 5 mg/kg) of the bergamot polyphenolic fraction (BPF) were added to the above toxic doses. In the experimental groups intoxicated with FLU at the highest dose tested, all caged subjects (20 individuals) died within the second day of administration. The survival probability of the groups to which the BPF was added was compared to that of the groups to which only the toxic doses of FLU were administered. The mortality rate in the BPF groups was statistically lower (p < 0.05) than in the intoxicated groups; in addition, a lower percentage of individuals exhibited behavioral abnormalities. According to this research, the ingestion of the BPF attenuates the harmful effects of FLU. Further studies are needed before proposing BPF incorporation into the honeybees' diet, but there already seem to be beneficial effects associated with its intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Carmine Lupia
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, 88054 Sersale, Italy
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, 88054 Sersale, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Rosamaria Caminiti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Rosa Maria Bulotta
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Clara Naccari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
- Center for Pharmacological Research, Food Safety, High Tech and Health (IRC-FSH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
- Center for Pharmacological Research, Food Safety, High Tech and Health (IRC-FSH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Bava R, Castagna F, Ruga S, Caminiti R, Nucera S, Bulotta RM, Naccari C, Britti D, Mollace V, Palma E. Protective Role of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction (BPF) against Deltamethrin Toxicity in Honeybees ( Apis mellifera). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3764. [PMID: 38136801 PMCID: PMC10741048 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticide-induced poisoning phenomena are a serious problem for beekeeping and can cause large losses of honeybee populations due to acute and sub-acute poisoning. The reduced responsiveness of honeybees to the damage caused by pesticides used in agriculture can be traced back to a general qualitative and quantitative impoverishment of the nectar resources of terrestrial ecosystems. Malnutrition is associated with a decline in the functionality of the immune system and the systems that are delegated to the detoxification of the organism. This research aimed to verify whether bergamot polyphenolic extract (BPF) could have protective effects against poisoning by the pyrethroid pesticide deltamethrin. The studies were conducted with caged honeybees under controlled conditions. Sub-lethal doses of pesticides and related treatments for BPF were administered. At a dose of 21.6 mg/L, deltamethrin caused mortality in all treated subjects (20 caged honeybees) after one day of administration. The groups where BPF (1 mg/kg) was added to the toxic solution recorded the survival of honeybees by up to three days. Comparing the honeybees of the groups in which the BPF-deltamethrin association was added to the normal diet (sugar solution) with those in which deltamethrin alone was added to the normal diet, the BPF group had a statistically significant reduction in the honeybee mortality rate (p ≤ 0.05) and a greater consumption of food. Therefore, it can be argued that the inclusion of BPF and its constituent antioxidants in the honeybee diet reduces toxicity and oxidative stress caused by oral intake of deltamethrin. Furthermore, it can be argued that BPF administration could compensate for metabolic energy deficits often induced by the effects of malnutrition caused by environmental degradation and standard beekeeping practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale (CZ), 88054 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Rosamaria Caminiti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Rosa Maria Bulotta
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Clara Naccari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
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Yazici K, Balijagic J, Goksu B, Bilgin OF, Ercisli S. Comparison of Some Fruit Quality Parameters of Selected 12 Mandarin Genotypes from Black Sea Region in Turkey. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:19719-19727. [PMID: 37305317 PMCID: PMC10249387 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mandarins are mostly preferred specie of Citrus genus, and there has been a continuous rise in consumption and global marketing due to having easy-to-peel, attractive flavor, and fresh consumption advantages. However, most of the existing knowledge on quality traits of citrus fruit comes from research conducted on oranges, which are the main products for the citrus juice manufacturing industry. In recent years, mandarin production in Turkey surpassed orange production and took the first place in citrus production. Mandarins are mostly grown in the Mediterranean and Aegean Regions of Turkey. Due to suitable climatic conditions, they are also grown in the microclimatic condition in Rize province located in the Eastern Black Sea region. In this study, we reported the total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity, and volatiles of 12 Satsuma mandarin genotypes selected from Rize province of Turkey. Considerable differences in the total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay), and fruit volatile constituent were found among the 12 selected Satsuma mandarin genotypes. The total phenolic content ranged from 3.50 to 22.53 mg of gallic acid equivalent per 100 g of the fruit sample in the selected mandarin genotypes. The total antioxidant capacity was the highest in genotype HA2 as 60.40%, and followed by IB (59.15%) and TEK3 (58.36%), respectively. A total of 30 aroma volatiles were detected from the juice samples of 12 mandarin genotypes by GC/MS, which comprised six alcohols, three aldehydes (including one monoterpene), three esters, one ketone, and one other volatiles. The main volatile compounds were identified in fruits of all Satsuma mandarin genotypes as α-terpineol (0.6-1.88%), linalool (1.1-3.21%), γ-terpinene (4.41-5.5%), β-myrcene (0.9-1.6%), dl-limonene (79.71-85.12%), α-farnesene (1.1-2.44), and d-germacrene (0.66-1.37%). Limonene accounts for most of the aroma compounds (79.71-85.12%) in fruits of all Satsuma genotypes. The genotypes MP and TEK8 had the highest total phenolic content, and HA2, IB, and TEK 3 had the highest antioxidant capacity. The YU2 genotype was found to contain more aroma compounds than the other genotypes. The genotypes selected on the basis of their high bioactive content could be used to develop new Satsuma mandarin cultivars with high human health promoting contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keziban Yazici
- Department
of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Pazar, 53300 Rize, Turkey
| | - Jasmina Balijagic
- Biotechnical
Faculty, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Burcu Goksu
- Department
of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Pazar, 53300 Rize, Turkey
| | - Omer Faruk Bilgin
- Department
of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, 01380 Adana, Turkey
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
- HGF
Agro, Ata Teknokent, TR-25240 Erzurum, Turkey
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Forner-Giner MÁ, Ballesta-de Los Santos M, Melgarejo P, Martínez-Nicolás JJ, Núñez-Gómez D, Continella A, Legua P. Influence of Different Rootstocks on Fruit Quality and Primary and Secondary Metabolites Content of Blood Oranges Cultivars. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104176. [PMID: 37241916 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood oranges have high concentrations of bioactive compounds that are beneficial to health. In Europe, the cultivation of blood oranges is increasing due to their excellent nutritional properties. In Citrus crops, rootstocks play an important role in juice and can increase the content of bioactive compounds. The morphological, qualitative and nutritional parameters were analyzed in cultivars 'Tarocco Ippolito', 'Tarocco Lempso', 'Tarocco Tapi' and 'Tarocco Fondaconuovo' grafted onto Citrus macrophylla and Citrus reshni. 'Tarocco Lempso' grafted onto Citrus macrophylla obtained the highest values of weight (275.78 g), caliber (81.37 mm and 76.79 mm) and juice content (162.11 g). 'Tarocco Tapi' grafted onto Citrus reshni obtained the most interesting qualitative parameters (15.40 °Brix; 12.0 MI). 'Tarocco Lempso' grafted onto Citrus reshni obtained the most intense red juice (a* = 9.61). Overall, the highest concentrations of primary metabolites were in proline, aspartate, citric acid, and sucrose. The results showed that 'Tarocco Ippolito' juice grafted onto Citrus reshni had the highest levels of total hydroxycinnamic acids (263.33 mg L-1), total flavones (449.74 mg L-1) and total anthocyanins (650.42 mg L-1). To conclude, 'Tarocco Lempso' grafted onto Citrus macrophylla obtained the best values of agronomic parameters, and the cultivars grafted onto Citrus reshni obtained significantly higher concentrations in primary and secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Ballesta-de Los Santos
- Research Group in Plant Production and Technology, Plant Sciences and Microbiology Department, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Pablo Melgarejo
- Research Group in Plant Production and Technology, Plant Sciences and Microbiology Department, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Juan José Martínez-Nicolás
- Research Group in Plant Production and Technology, Plant Sciences and Microbiology Department, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Dámaris Núñez-Gómez
- Research Group in Plant Production and Technology, Plant Sciences and Microbiology Department, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Alberto Continella
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Pilar Legua
- Research Group in Plant Production and Technology, Plant Sciences and Microbiology Department, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
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Guo H, Zheng YJ, Wu DT, Du X, Gao H, Ayyash M, Zeng DG, Li HB, Liu HY, Gan RY. Quality evaluation of citrus varieties based on phytochemical profiles and nutritional properties. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1165841. [PMID: 37275647 PMCID: PMC10232803 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1165841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction China is one of the major producers and exporters of various kinds of citrus fruits. As one of China's major citrus planting bases, Sichuan has a citrus planting area that exceeds 400,000 hectares. Meanwhile, citrus cultivation has become one of the important agricultural pillar industries in the region. Citrus fruits are reported to show various health-promoting effects, especially antioxidant activity. However, reports on the functional, nutritional and qualitative characteristics of different citrus varieties in Sichuan are still scarce. Methods The quality attributes (color parameters, shape, and size), juice properties (titratable acids and total soluble sugar), mineral elements, and health-promoting nutritional and functional components (protein, carbohydrates, fat, dietary fiber, ascorbic acid, phenolic acids, and flavonoids), as well as antioxidant properties of 10 typical citrus varieties cultivated in Sichuan, were systematically investigated and analyzed. Results and Discussion Significant differences among different citrus varieties were found. In particular, the total soluble sugar content of Mingrijian was higher than that of other citrus, suggesting its potential for fresh consumption and food processing. Moreover, a total of five flavonoids and nine phenolic acids were identified and quantified. Yuanhong, with higher contents of ascorbic acid and phenolic acids, was considered to be a valuable variety with excellent antioxidant capacity and can be used for value-added processing in the food industry. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster heatmap analysis suggested that there were significant differences among the 10 citrus varieties. Correlation analysis confirmed the significant contribution of ascorbic acid and phenolic acids to antioxidant capacity in citrus. The results can provide some references for the cultivation and selection of nutritious citrus fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Guo
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin-Jian Zheng
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Du
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Gao
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - De-Guang Zeng
- Pujiang Yuanxiang Modern Agriculture Limited Company, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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Siano F, Picariello G, Castaldo D, Cautela D, Caruso T, Vasca E. Monitoring antioxidants by coulometry: Quantitative assessment of the strikingly high antioxidant capacity of bergamot (Citrus bergamia R.) by-products. Talanta 2023; 251:123765. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Rapisarda P, Amenta M, Ballistreri G, Fabroni S, Timpanaro N. Distribution, Antioxidant Capacity, Bioavailability and Biological Properties of Anthocyanin Pigments in Blood Oranges and Other Citrus Species. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248675. [PMID: 36557809 PMCID: PMC9785241 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are natural pigments that give a red, purple, and blue color to many plant, flower, fruit, and vegetable species. Their presence within the genus Citrus was first reported in 1916, and it is well-known that the red color of the flesh and rind of blood (red or pigmented) oranges (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) is due to the presence of anthocyanins. They are also present in the young shoots, flowers, and peel of lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.), citron (Citrus medica L.), and other citrus species. Since then, the scientific community has expressed increasing interest in studying their profile and distribution, with many published studies focused on the quali-quantitative pattern in the different vegetative tissues belonging to the genus Citrus. Moreover, with the discovery of their relevant antioxidant activity, owing to their ability to capture free radicals, much research has been performed in the last two decades on their radical scavenging power, in vitro and in vivo biological properties, and anticarcinogenic capacity, also focusing attention on their bioavailability for humans. The present work is intended as a comprehensive review of the advances in scientific research on anthocyanin pigments naturally occurring within the genus Citrus, including their natural distribution, antioxidant capacity, bioavailability, and biological value and properties. The scientific evidence herein reported can be used to further increase the knowledge of this class of compounds and represents a valuable and comprehensive contribution to promoting anthocyanin-rich citrus fruit consumption as a healthy dietary habit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Rapisarda
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, C.so Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| | - Margherita Amenta
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, C.so Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| | - Gabriele Ballistreri
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, C.so Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| | - Simona Fabroni
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, C.so Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| | - Nicolina Timpanaro
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, C.so Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
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Manchanda P, Kaur H, Mankoo RK, Kaur A, Kaur J, Kaur S, Sidhu GS. Optimization of extraction of bioactive phenolics and their antioxidant potential from callus and leaf extracts of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, C. reticulata Blanco and C. maxima (Burm.) Merr. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01695-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Anticona M, Fayos MC, Esteve MJ, Frigola A, Blesa J, Lopez-Malo D. Differentiation of juice of mandarin-like hybrids based on physicochemical characteristics, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity. Eur Food Res Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-022-04040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn this study, samples of mandarin-like hybrids (Clemenvilla, Nadorcott and Ortanique) from two harvesting seasons (2017−2018 and 2018−2019) were analyzed, to evaluate its differences in physicochemical characteristics and nutritional properties and establish the parameters that allow classify these citrus cultivars. Results showed that Clemenvilla juice had the highest concentration of total phenolic and ascorbic acid and are strongly correlated to its higher antioxidant capacity. Flavonoids were higher in Nadorcott samples. Large differences of total carotenoids were observed in juice analyzed. Varieties and harvesting seasons significantly influenced (p < 0.05) the physicochemical properties, bioactive compounds content and antioxidant capacity of samples. The pH, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, DPPH and TEAC values were determined as predictor parameters to classify the groups according to the varieties, concluding that Nadorcott samples were clearly different. The data presented in this research will currently provide information about the physicochemical evaluation of mandarin-like hybrid varieties and their potential as source of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity.
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Legua P, Modica G, Porras I, Conesa A, Continella A. Bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and fruit quality evaluation of eleven blood orange cultivars. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2960-2971. [PMID: 34766350 PMCID: PMC9299091 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood oranges are grown increasingly in Europe for fresh consumption because of their special taste and excellent nutraceutical properties that confer the status of a functional food. The health benefits are associated with the range of additional bioactive compounds that they contain with respect to blonde oranges. RESULTS We analysed the physicochemical properties and the levels of organic acids, sugars and antioxidants in 11 blood orange cultivars representing the most representative cultivars of blood oranges widespread in the Mediterranean basin. In particular, we examined the levels of phenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins present in these cultivars at harvest maturity. The physicochemical, antioxidant and colour properties differ significantly among these cultivars. The deepest red peel and juice was found in Sanguinelli, followed by Tarocco Rosso and Moro. High-performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detector analysis revealed sucrose as the main sugar in all these cultivars, followed by fructose and glucose. Citric acid was the dominant organic acid, followed by malic acid and ascorbic acid. Moro showed the greatest levels of antioxidant activity. Regarding the phenolic composition, we found p-coumaric acid to be the main hydroxycinnamic acid in all cultivars, with maximum amounts in Moro and Sanguinelli. The highest amounts of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-(6''-malonyl)-glucoside were found in Moro, for which the juice was of the deepest red colour. CONCLUSION The phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of the 11 cultivars was assessed. The results showed that Moro was the cultivar with the highest content of polyphenols and levels of antioxidant activity, followed by Sanguinelli. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Legua
- Plant Science and Microbiology DepartmentMiguel Hernández UniversityAlicanteSpain
| | - Giulia Modica
- Department of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
| | - Ignacio Porras
- Department of CitricultureInstituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA)MurciaSpain
| | - Agustín Conesa
- Plant Science and Microbiology DepartmentMiguel Hernández UniversityAlicanteSpain
| | - Alberto Continella
- Department of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
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11
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Hu J, Vinothkanna A, Wu M, Ekumah J, Akpabli‐Tsigbe NDK, Ma Y. Tracking the dynamic changes of a flavor, phenolic profile, and antioxidant properties of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum- and Saccharomyces cerevisiae-fermented mulberry wine. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6294-6306. [PMID: 34760259 PMCID: PMC8565223 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of fermentation renders the superior quality of mulberry wine based on the microorganisms utilized. The present study aimed at investigating the changes and correlation between phenols and product quality of mulberry wine fermented with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae combinatorially. Total anthocyanins concentration (TAC), polyphenols concentration (TPC), flavonoids concentration (TFC), and antioxidant capacity decreased significantly with high correlation in the fermentation process. TAC gradually reduced with a loss rate of 47.98% from 0 to third day of fermentation. Fermented mulberry wine obtained indicated a dynamic balance due to the presence of p-hydroxybenzoic acids as compared to the primary phenolic constituent. Chlorogenic acid usually presents in mulberry juice. The relative intensity of sourness was the most prominent and reached the maximum (10.93) on day 2 of fermentation. A total of 21 volatile esters were quantified (6621.59 μg/L), which contributed significantly to the aroma of mulberry wine. The enhanced quality of fermented mulberry wine showed contraindications with decreased constituents and escalated wine quality. Rather than usual single inoculum, fermentation combination of LAB and yeast holistically influenced the color, taste, fragrance, phenolic profiles, and antioxidant properties in mulberry wine, ensuring palatability and fit for commercialization prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hu
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | | | - Meng Wu
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - John‐Nelson Ekumah
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | | | - Yongkun Ma
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
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12
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Comparison of the chemical-antioxidant profiles of different parts of Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae) based on OLE-HPLC-DAD-MS/MS-ABTS assay. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00962-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Hou J, Liang L, Su M, Yang T, Mao X, Wang Y. Variations in phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of navel orange at different growth stages. Food Chem 2021; 360:129980. [PMID: 33984563 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Ripe navel orange has abundant amounts of phenolic compounds. Few studies monitored changes in these compounds during ripening. In this study, the effects of navel orange maturation on dynamic changes in antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and phenolic acids were investigated. Five growth stages of navel orange were studied, and nine phenolic acids were detected via high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-QQQ-MS). Results showed that antioxidant activity, TFC and TPC decreased gradually with fruit ripening. The concentrations of most phenolic acids also declined during fruit maturation, except for free fractions of sinapic acid and bound fractions of ferulic and caffeic acids. Ferulic acid was the most dominant of all phenolic acids at all growth stages. Partial least-squares showed significant differences among fruits of different maturities. A significant correlation between antioxidant capacity, TPC, TFC and some phenolic acids was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxue Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mingyue Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xuejin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuanxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
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Salvino RA, Colella MF, De Luca G. NMR-based metabolomics analysis of Calabrian citrus fruit juices and its application to industrial process quality control. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Singh V, Chahal TS, Grewal SK, Gill PS. Effect of fruit development stages on antioxidant properties and bioactive compounds in peel, pulp and juice of grapefruit varieties. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00841-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Flavedo and albedo of five citrus fruits from Southern Italy: physicochemical characteristics and enzyme-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00787-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Li Z, Jin R, Yang Z, Wang X, You G, Guo J, Zhang Y, Liu F, Pan S. Comparative study on physicochemical, nutritional and enzymatic properties of two Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) varieties from different regions. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Shelf life extension of mozzarella cheese packed in preserving liquid with calcium lactate and bergamot juice concentrate. J DAIRY RES 2020; 87:474-479. [PMID: 33300482 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029920000977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Mozzarella is a fresh cheese produced in Italian local market without additives that shows a short shelf life of about 5 d. This work tested the use of natural additives (bergamot juice concentrate-BJ and calcium lactate-CL) in preserving liquid for a Mozzarella cheese with the aim to extend its shelf life, regarding the microbial growth and overall cheese quality. Results of qualitative analyses showed that the preserving liquid with the mix of BJ and CL promoted an extension of mozzarella shelf life up to 20 d. A slightly reduced growth of Pseudomonas species was evidenced after 5 d of storage, whereas no inhibition of lactic acid bacteria was observed for the storage period. Moreover, mozzarella cheese packed in mixed preserving liquid possessed better textural properties, evidenced by the lowest proteolysis index measured after 13 d of storage, and a good antioxidant activity.
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Zacarías-García J, Rey F, Gil JV, Rodrigo MJ, Zacarías L. Antioxidant capacity in fruit of Citrus cultivars with marked differences in pulp coloration: Contribution of carotenoids and vitamin C. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2020; 27:210-222. [PMID: 32727209 DOI: 10.1177/1082013220944018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the specific contribution of carotenoids and vitamin C to the lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity, respectively, of the pulp of citrus fruits using the genetic diversity in pigmentation and in the carotenoid complement. To this end, six citrus varieties were selected: two mandarins, Clemenules (Citrus clementina) and Nadorcott (C. reticulata); two grapefruits (C. paradisi), Marsh and Star Ruby; and two sweet oranges (C. sinensis), Valencia late and Valencia Ruby. Total carotenoid content and composition in the pulp of fruits were very different, in relation to their color singularities. Valencia Ruby and Nadorcott had the highest carotenoid content, accumulating the former large amounts of linear carotenes (phytoene, phytofluene, and lycopene) and Nadorcott of β-cryptoxanthin. Orange fruits contained the highest amount of vitamin C while in Nadorcott mandarin it was substantially lower. Analysis of antioxidant capacity, evaluated by 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonate) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, in the pulp of the different fruit varieties indicated a high and positive correlation between vitamin C content and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity. Nevertheless, a weak correlation was observed between carotenoids content and lipophilic antioxidant capacity in the pulp extracts assayed by ABTS. Overall, vitamin C in the pulp of citrus fruit had an important contribution to the hydrophilic antioxidant capacity, whereas that of carotenoids to lipophilic antioxidant capacity was very variable, being the highest that of Valencia Ruby orange, with large concentrations of lycopene and phytoene, followed by Nadorcott mandarin, with high β-cryptoxanthin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Zacarías-García
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Florencia Rey
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - José-Vicente Gil
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain.,Food Technology Area, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María J Rodrigo
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Zacarías
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
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Mahmoodi-Eshkaftaki M, Rahmanian-Koushkaki H. An optimum strategy for substrate mixture and pretreatment in biogas plants: Potential application for high-pH waste management. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 113:329-341. [PMID: 32574990 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of anaerobic digestion poses many practical constraints. Therefore, a new approach was developed by integrating mathematical modeling and desirability analysis to determine optimum amounts of input factors. For this purpose, different proportions of co-digestion (grapefruit waste:cow manure) and pretreatments (NaOH and H2O2) were tested on the basis of a combined D-optimal experimental design. Different models were developed for certain slurry properties and CH4 production (responses) depending on the input factors. To improve the models, Box-Cox transformation was used to transform the models into more accurate formats. The improved models were then used in desirability analysis, and optimum ranges were determined instead of optimum absolute values in three cases of given constraints, (i) constraints of the slurry properties, (ii) increase in CH4 production, and (iii) constraints on all the responses (more important for plant efficiency). The optimum ranges were extracted for the desirability levels with values greater than 0.9 × (maximum desirability value). For the constraints given in all the responses, the optimum range of grapefruit waste:cow manure proportion was 2.5%:97.5% to 25%:75%, the optimum range of NaOH pretreatment was 0.3-2.64%, and the optimum range of H2O2 was range experimented except for 1.32-1.68%. Similar trends were determined for the other cases of constraints. To clarify the method of desirability analysis, the overlaying method was used to determine regions of interest according to some predefined constraints. Simultaneous consideration of range optimization and region of interest showed that (i) an amount greater than 25% grapefruit waste in the digestion decreased the CH4 production significantly, and (ii) plant efficiency was improved with all amounts of H2O2 except 1.32-1.68%, and with amounts of 0.3-1.2% and 1.8-2.64% of NaOH. As shown the optimum ranges are more common for practical use in plants.
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Farag MA, Abib B, Ayad L, Khattab AR. Sweet and bitter oranges: An updated comparative review of their bioactives, nutrition, food quality, therapeutic merits and biowaste valorization practices. Food Chem 2020; 331:127306. [PMID: 32593794 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sweet and bitter oranges are two of the most commercially-important fruit with a total world production of 75.4 Mt, well-recognized for their unique sensory characters in addition to multiple nutritive and therapeutic attributes due to their highly-valued bioactive ingredients. Hence, their differential qualitative/quantitative phytochemical make-ups are presented for better utilization as therapeutic agents. Sweet orange exhibits therapeutic applications as being effective anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and hypocholesterolemic agents. Whereas, for anti-osteoporotic products and intestinal dysbiosis treatment, bitter orange is more preferred. Moreover, the review recapitulates on different valorization practices of citrus bio-wastes and utilization of their bioactives as therapeutic agents and in functional food industry. Sweet orange waste functions as a fat replacer and preservative to increase food shelf life with better organoleptic attributes than bitter orange. The detailed action mechanism and safety of Citrus bioactives, as well as processing technologies to further improve its effects are posed as future research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., P.B. 11562 Cairo, Egypt; Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt.
| | - Bishoy Abib
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Laila Ayad
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Amira R Khattab
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria 1029, Egypt
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Romeo R, Bruno AD, Piscopo A, Medina E, Ramírez E, Brenes M, Poiana M. Effects of phenolic enrichment on vitamin C and antioxidant activity of commercial orange juice. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.13019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The autoxidation process of vitamin C in orange juice is the most important cause of quality loss during its storage. We evaluated the enrichment with different concentrations of a phenolic extract in a commercial orange juice for some qualitative parameters such as the content of vitamin C, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. The lowest concentration of phenols produced the most stable enriched juice. In particular, we observed an inverse correlation between phenolic concentration and vitamin C retention in enriched juices. DPPH assay results confirmed this trend, correlated more to the vitamin antioxidant effect. TEAC results instead, were similar for the different juice samples, probably influenced by the phenolic content. The application of this study is the production for the industry of new functional drinks such as juices enriched with phenolic ingredients that show increased stability concerning those without addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Romeo
- University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Eva Ramírez
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain
| | - Manuel Brenes
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain
| | - Marco Poiana
- University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, Italy
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Giuffrè AM, Louadj L, Rizzo P, De Salvo E, Sicari V. The Influence of Film and Storage on the Phenolic and Antioxidant Properties of Red Raspberries ( Rubus idaeus L.) cv. Erika. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E254. [PMID: 31366095 PMCID: PMC6719043 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the effect of the packaging material and storage method on red raspberries produced at Reggio Calabria (Italy) was studied. For this purpose, the fruits were stored immediately after harvest in different conditions: in the fridge at 1 °C and in the freezer at -20 °C, using different packaging materials, two new patented films (nanoactive A) and (nanoactive B), one common packaging film (polyethylene terephthalate), and other fruits were left without any packaging material. Chemical parameters were analysed at harvest to have the initial characteristics without any conditioned storage and to distinguish the post-harvest effect on the fruits, then daily for storage in the fridge and monthly for storage in the freezer. The aims of our project were first to determine the qualitative characterization of these red raspberries, the optimization of their shelf-life during time in the fridge or freezer, using the different types of packaging materials and finally to highlight the usefulness of the new patented packaging materials. Nanoactive A film showed the best shelf-life in the fridge, and after 14 days the values, given as mg/100 g fresh weight, were: total phenolics (166.70), monomeric anthocyanin content (50.82), flavonoids (24.64), ascorbic acid (32.42), and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay (95.93).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Maria Giuffrè
- Dipartimento AGRARIA-Università degli Studi "Mediterranea" di Reggio Calabria, Contrada Melissari, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
| | - Lamia Louadj
- Dipartimento AGRARIA-Università degli Studi "Mediterranea" di Reggio Calabria, Contrada Melissari, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Paola Rizzo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Emanuela De Salvo
- Dipartimento AGRARIA-Università degli Studi "Mediterranea" di Reggio Calabria, Contrada Melissari, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Sicari
- Dipartimento AGRARIA-Università degli Studi "Mediterranea" di Reggio Calabria, Contrada Melissari, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
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Aly AA, Ali HGM, Eliwa NER. Phytochemical screening, anthocyanins and antimicrobial activities in some berries fruits. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-0005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Organic acids, sugars, antioxidant activity, sensorial and other fruit characteristics of nine traditional Spanish Citrus fruits. Eur Food Res Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-018-3064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Goldenberg L, Yaniv Y, Porat R, Carmi N. Mandarin fruit quality: a review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018. [PMID: 28631804 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
During the last decade, there has been a continuous rise in consumption and global marketing of fresh, easy-to-peel mandarins, with current annual production of nearly 29 million tons. Nevertheless, most of the existing knowledge on quality traits of citrus fruit comes from research conducted on oranges and grapefruit, which are the main products for the citrus juice manufacturing industry; relatively little is yet known regarding the unique fruit quality traits of mandarins, nor about the great diversity in these traits among the various natural sub-groups and varieties of mandarins. In the present review we discuss the physiological, biochemical, and molecular factors governing key fruit quality attributes of mandarins, including fruit colour, size and shape, ease of peeling, seedlessness, flavour, and nutritional quality. Fruit colour, size, and shape contribute to external appearance; peelability and seedlessness to ease of consumption; and flavour and nutritional quality to internal quality. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livnat Goldenberg
- Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, ARO, the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
- Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yossi Yaniv
- Department of Fruit Tree Crops, ARO, the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Ron Porat
- Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, ARO, the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Nir Carmi
- Department of Fruit Tree Crops, ARO, the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
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Nutritional and sensory attributes of desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) juice. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-017-9580-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sicari V, Pellicanò TM, Laganà V, Poiana M. Use of orange by‐products (dry peel) as an alternative gelling agent for marmalade production: Evaluation of antioxidant activity and inhibition of HMF formation during different storage temperature. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Sicari
- Department of AgrariaUniversity “Mediterranea” of Reggio CalabriaSalita Melissari, Reggio Calabria RC 89124 Italy
| | - Teresa M. Pellicanò
- Department of AgrariaUniversity “Mediterranea” of Reggio CalabriaSalita Melissari, Reggio Calabria RC 89124 Italy
| | - Valeria Laganà
- Department of AgrariaUniversity “Mediterranea” of Reggio CalabriaSalita Melissari, Reggio Calabria RC 89124 Italy
| | - Marco Poiana
- Department of AgrariaUniversity “Mediterranea” of Reggio CalabriaSalita Melissari, Reggio Calabria RC 89124 Italy
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Effect of fermentation parameters and their optimization on the phytochemical properties of lactic-acid-fermented mulberry juice. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-017-9525-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Abstract
Rosa rugosapetals are a rich source of phenolic compounds, which determined their antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to determine the polyphenolic composition of not processed petals ofRosa rugosacollected from the commodity crops and to determine the variability of the contained therein polyphenols between harvesting seasons. Twenty polyphenols were identified by UPLC-ESI-MS. The main fraction of polyphenols was ellagitannins, which are 69 to 74% of the total polyphenols of the petals. In the petals ofRosa rugosa, four anthocyanins have been identified: cyanidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-sophoroside, peonidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside, and peonidin 3-O-glucoside, of which the predominant peonidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside represented approx. 85% of all the determined anthocyanin compounds. It was found that the petals ofRosa rugosaare a valuable source of bioactive compounds and can be considered as a healthy valuable resource.
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Liang T, Guan R, Wang Z, Shen H, Xia Q, Liu M. Comparison of anticancer activity and antioxidant activity between cyanidin-3-O-glucoside liposomes and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside in Caco-2 cells in vitro. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06387c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we compared the antioxidant activities of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) and C3G liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tisong Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine
- China Jiliang University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Rongfa Guan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine
- China Jiliang University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine
- China Jiliang University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
- Hangzhou 310051
- China
| | - Qile Xia
- Food Science Institute
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Hangzhou 310021
- China
| | - Mingqi Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine
- China Jiliang University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
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