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Reichmann MTF, Duarte A, Ivano F, Campos ACL. Factors Involved in the Evolution of the Basal Metabolic Rate over 30 Months After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. Obes Surg 2023; 33:3494-3501. [PMID: 37792252 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION After Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), the basal metabolic rate (BMR) falls. However, it is important to know how BMR per kilogram of body weight (BMR/kg) varies in the postoperative period. The present study evaluated the changes in the BMR/kg and its correlates over 30 months after RYGB. METHODS Eighty adult patients of both genders who underwent RYGB agreed to participate in the study. The following evaluations were performed before surgery (n=48) and 6 (n=27), 12 (n=28), 24 (n=40), and 30 months (n=29) after surgery: anthropometry, body composition (bioelectrical impedance), metabolic analysis (indirect calorimetry), and diet (food recall). Statistical analysis was performed (p = 0.05). RESULTS Although BMR decreased after surgery, BMR/kg increased significantly as compared to baseline from 12 months onward, peaking at 24 months and not significantly dipping at 30 months, suggesting stabilization of BMR/kg 2 years after surgery (pre, 10.68 ± 2.33 kcal/kg; 12 months, 12.46 ± 2.85 kcal/kg; 24 months, 18.78 ± 4.81 kcal/kg; 30 months, 18.12 ± 3.69 kcal/kg; p <0.001). Regarding the variables that influenced the BMR/kg, at 12 months, they were %LBM and intake of calcium-source foods (34%); at 24 months, it was protein intake (16%); and at 30 months, it was the intake of calcium-source foods (26.7%). CONCLUSION RYGB is associated with a significant increase in BMR when it is adjusted to body weight from 12 to 24 months postoperatively. Among the factors involved in the increase in BMR/kg are body composition and intake of protein-rich foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle T F Reichmann
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua General Carneiro, 181, Centro, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
- , Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - Alexia Duarte
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua General Carneiro, 181, Centro, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Flavio Ivano
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Rua Imaculada Conceição, Curitiba, PR, 1155, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos L Campos
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua General Carneiro, 181, Centro, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Bombarda-Rocha V, Silva D, Badr-Eddine A, Nogueira P, Gonçalves J, Fresco P. Challenges in Pharmacological Intervention in Perilipins (PLINs) to Modulate Lipid Droplet Dynamics in Obesity and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4013. [PMID: 37568828 PMCID: PMC10417315 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15154013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Perilipins (PLINs) are the most abundant proteins in lipid droplets (LD). These LD-associated proteins are responsible for upgrading LD from inert lipid storage structures to fully functional organelles, fundamentally integrated in the lipid metabolism. There are five distinct perilipins (PLIN1-5), each with specific expression patterns and metabolic activation, but all capable of regulating the activity of lipases on LD. This plurality creates a complex orchestrated mechanism that is directly related to the healthy balance between lipogenesis and lipolysis. Given the essential role of PLINs in the modulation of the lipid metabolism, these proteins can become interesting targets for the treatment of lipid-associated diseases. Since reprogrammed lipid metabolism is a recognized cancer hallmark, and obesity is a known risk factor for cancer and other comorbidities, the modulation of PLINs could either improve existing treatments or create new opportunities for the treatment of these diseases. Even though PLINs have not been, so far, directly considered for pharmacological interventions, there are many established drugs that can modulate PLINs activity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the involvement of PLINs in diseases related to lipid metabolism dysregulation and whether PLINs can be viewed as potential therapeutic targets for cancer and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victória Bombarda-Rocha
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Dany Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Allal Badr-Eddine
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
| | - Patrícia Nogueira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Fresco
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Reichmann MTF, Duarte A, Ivano F, Campos ACL. Evolution of the basal metabolic rate after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Updates Surg 2023:10.1007/s13304-023-01523-6. [PMID: 37145227 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-023-01523-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients who undergo Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) exhibit a reduction in total basal metabolic rate (BMR) after surgery, which seems to be intimately related to the amount of postoperative weight loss. The objective was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to determine and evaluate BMR changes after RYGB. The search was performed in certified databases, and the strategy was structured according to the PRISMA ScR. The quality evaluation of the articles included in this review was assessed with two different bias risk tools (ROBINS-I and NIH) according to each study design. Two meta-analyses were elaborated based on the results. 163 articles were selected (from 2016 to 2020), and 9 articles met the inclusion criteria. All of the selected studies evaluated only adult patients, mostly women. Postoperative BMR diminished in all of the included studies after surgery compared to preoperative values. The follow-up periods were 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. Eight articles were used for the meta-analysis after the quality assessment, a total of 434 participants. Compared to baseline values, mean postoperative reductions of 356.66 kcal/d after 6 months (p < 0.001) and 432.89 kcal/d (p < 0.001) after 1 year were observed. The BMR decreases during the first years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, especially during the first year postsurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle T F Reichmann
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua General Carneiro, 181, Centro, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Alexia Duarte
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua General Carneiro, 181, Centro, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Flavio Ivano
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos L Campos
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua General Carneiro, 181, Centro, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Osorio-Conles Ó, Olbeyra R, Vidal J, Ibarzabal A, Balibrea JM, de Hollanda A. Expression of Adipose Tissue Extracellular Matrix-Related Genes Predicts Weight Loss after Bariatric Surgery. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091262. [PMID: 37174662 PMCID: PMC10177079 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the association between white adipose tissue parameters before bariatric surgery (BS) and post-surgical weight loss, with an especial focus on extracellular matrix (ECM) gene expression. METHODS Paired samples from subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were obtained from 144 subjects undergoing BS. The association between total body weight loss (%TBWL) at 12 months after BS and the histological characteristics and gene expression of selected genes in SAT and VAT was analyzed. RESULTS Fat cell area, size-frequency distribution, and fibrosis in SAT or VAT prior to surgery were not associated with %TBWL. On the contrary, the SAT expression of COL5A1 and COL6A3 was associated with %TBWL after BS (both p < 0.001), even after adjusting for age, gender, baseline BMI, and type 2 diabetes status (T2D). Furthermore, in logistic regression analyses, the expression of these genes was significantly associated with insufficient WL (IWL = TBWL < 20%) after BS (respectively, p = 0.030 and p = 0.031). Indeed, in ROC analysis, the prediction of IWL based on sex, age, BMI, T2D, and the type of surgery (AUC = 0.71) was significantly improved with the addition of SAT-COL5A1 gene expression (AUC = 0.88, Z = 2.13, p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the expression of SAT ECM-related genes may help explain the variability in TBWL following BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Osorio-Conles
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos Ave. 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló Street 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Romina Olbeyra
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló Street 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos Ave. 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló Street 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Obesity Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel Street 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainitze Ibarzabal
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel Street 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José María Balibrea
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel Street 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana de Hollanda
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló Street 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Obesity Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel Street 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos Ave. 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Cruz-García EM, Frigolet ME, Canizales-Quinteros S, Gutiérrez-Aguilar R. Differential Gene Expression of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue among Lean, Obese, and after RYGB (Different Timepoints): Systematic Review and Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224925. [PMID: 36432612 PMCID: PMC9693162 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The main roles of adipose tissue include triglycerides storage and adipokine secretion, which regulate energy balance and inflammation status. In obesity, adipocyte dysfunction leads to proinflammatory cytokine production and insulin resistance. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for obesity, the gold-standard technique being Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Since metabolic improvements after RYGB are clear, a better understanding of adipose tissue molecular modifications could be derived from this study. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to find differentially expressed genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue of lean, obese and post-RYGB (distinct timepoints). To address this objective, publications from 2015-2022 reporting gene expression (candidate genes or transcriptomic approach) of subcutaneous adipose tissue from lean and obese individuals before and after RGYB were searched in PubMed, Elsevier, and Springer Link. Excluded publications were reviews, studies analyzing serum, other types of tissues, or bariatric procedures. A risk-of-bias summary was created for each paper using Robvis, to finally include 17 studies. Differentially expressed genes in post-RYGB vs. obese and lean vs. obese were obtained and the intersection among these groups was used for analysis and gene classification by metabolic pathway. Results showed that the lean state as well as the post-RYGB is similar in terms of increased expression of insulin-sensitizing molecules, inducing lipogenesis over lipolysis and downregulating leukocyte activation, cytokine production and other factors that promote inflammation. Thus, massive weight loss and metabolic improvements after RYGB are accompanied by gene expression modifications reverting the "adipocyte dysfunction" phenomenon observed in obesity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Marisol Cruz-García
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México “Federico Gómez”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - María E. Frigolet
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México “Federico Gómez”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Samuel Canizales-Quinteros
- Unidad de Genόmica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genόmica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Ruth Gutiérrez-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México “Federico Gómez”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
- División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-5552289917 (ext. 4509)
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Pooyan S, Mirzababaei A, Sajjadi SF, Badrooj N, Nasir Y, Tajik S, Fallahyekta M, Yekaninezhad MS, Mirzaei K. The healthy/unhealthy dietary pattern is associated with resting metabolic rate status among women with overweight/obesity. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:45. [PMID: 35189898 PMCID: PMC8862357 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-00958-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although various dietary patterns have been indicated to be associated with the resting metabolic rate [RMR], limited data are available in this field. This study was therefore focused on the association between dietary patterns and resting metabolic rate among participants with overweight and obesity. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 304 women with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2), aged 18-50. Anthropometric assessments, physical activity and biochemical measurements were assessed. RMR was also measured by means of indirect calorimetry. Dietary intake of participants was evaluated by 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire [FFQ]. RESULTS There was a significant association between higher adherence to the healthy dietary pattern [HDP] and RMR (P = 0.05), intakes of protein (P = 0.003), minerals (P = 0.001) as well as fat free mass [FFM] (P = 0.002), bone mineral content (P = 0.001), skeletal muscle mass (P = 0.001), soft lean mass (P = 0.002) and visceral fat area (P = 0.05). Also, there was a considerable association between higher adherence to the unhealthy dietary pattern [UHDP] and fasting blood sugar [FBS] (P = 0.05). Using multinomial logistic regression has been shown that the medium adherence to the HDP was marginally significant with decreased resting metabolic rate [Dec. RMR] group in crude model (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.28-1.05, P = 0.07). After controlling for various confounders such as age, FFM, physical activity, and energy intake, the association between Dec. RMR group and the lowest quartile of the HDP (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.14-0.91, P = 0.03) became significant as well as the association between Dec. RMR group and medium adherence to the HDP (OR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.18-0.97, P = 0.04). The medium adherence to the UHDP in crude model was also significant with increased resting metabolic rate [Inc. RMR] group (OR: 2.59; 95% CI: 1.01-6.65, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that there are significant associations between dietary patterns and RMR status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pooyan
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Forough Sajjadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Badrooj
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Nasir
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Tajik
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Fallahyekta
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeid Yekaninezhad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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Nakandakare P, Nicoletti CF, Noronha NY, Nonino CB, Argentato PP, Dejani NN, Luzia LA, Rogero MM, Rondó PHC. Associations between obesity-related gene expression in maternal and cord blood and newborn adiposity: findings from the Araraquara Cohort study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1958-1966. [PMID: 34002037 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00857-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Genes involved in the regulation of metabolism, adipose tissue deposition, inflammation, and the appetite-satiety axis may play an important role in fetal development, and possibly induce permanent metabolic changes and fat accumulation. In this study we investigated: (1) obesity-related gene expression in maternal and cord blood of overweight/obese and normal-weight pregnant women; (2) associations between obesity-related gene expression in maternal and cord blood; and (3) associations of gene expression in each of maternal and cord blood with newborn adiposity. SUBJECTS/METHODS Twenty-five overweight/obese and 32 normal-weight pregnant women were selected from the Araraquara Cohort Study according to their pre-pregnancy BMI. Maternal and cord blood gene expression of LEPR, STAT3, PPARG, TLR4, IL-6, IL-10, FTO, MC4R, TNF-α, and NFκB were investigated by relative real-time PCR quantification. The body composition of the newborns was assessed by air displacement plethysmography. Associations between maternal and cord blood gene expression and markers of newborn adiposity (weight, BMI, and fat mass%) were explored by linear regression models controlling for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal gestational weight gain, gestational age, and newborn sex. RESULTS There was higher TLR4, NFκB, and TNF-a expression, and lower IL-6 expression, in overweight/obese pregnant women and their respective newborns compared with normal-weight women and their newborns (p < 0.001). Maternal PPARG gene expression was associated with both weight and fat mass % of the newborns, and cord blood IL-10 expression was associated with BMI and fat mass %, controlling for confounders. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the relationship of maternal and cord blood gene expression with adiposity markers of the newborn. Our results provide evidence for the contribution of maternal and cord blood gene expression-particularly maternal PPARG and TLR4 expression, and cord blood IL-10 expression-to newborn weight, BMI, and fat mass %.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Nakandakare
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C F Nicoletti
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics Studies, Department of Health Science, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - N Y Noronha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - C B Nonino
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics Studies, Department of Health Science, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - P P Argentato
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - N N Dejani
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L A Luzia
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M M Rogero
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P H C Rondó
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Moradi S, Alivand M, KhajeBishak Y, AsghariJafarabadi M, Alipour M, Faghfouri A, Alipour B. The Effect of ω3 Fatty Acids Supplementation on Levels of PPARγ and UCP2 Genes Expression, Serum Level of UCP2 Protein, Metabolic Status, and Appetite in Elite male Athletes: Protocol for a Randomized Control Trial. Int J Surg Protoc 2021; 25:184-193. [PMID: 34458651 PMCID: PMC8378073 DOI: 10.29337/ijsp.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Some genetic factors may influence body composition, such as PPARγ and UCP2. PPARγ plays an important role in body fat distribution. The objective of the present study is to determine the effects of omega3 fatty acids on the gene expression of PPARγ and UCP2, levels of blood lipid profile, fat mass, and fat-free mass, and appetite. Elite male athlete volunteers of up to 36 subjects were invited to participate in this RCT. Following a public announcement, volunteers were recruited from gyms, teams, and sports medicine boards in Tabriz, Iran. Gene’s expression of PPARγ and UCP2, serum levels of blood lipid profile, fat mass, and fat-free mass was collected. Data collection time points include baseline in addition to 3 weeks follow up. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Tabriz University Medical of Sciences (IR.TBZMED.REC.1398.782) in October 2019 and was registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: 20190625044008N1 on December 19, 2019. Recruitment began in July and concluded in December 2019. As of August 19, 2019, we have screened 373 volunteers. 36 were enrolled. Baseline measurements of participants were collected. After three-week of intervention, end study measurements of participants were collected. The results are expected to be released in 2021. Participants have a median age of 21.86 (±3.15). The finding of this study showed Results showed PPARγ mRNA levels, and UCP2 mRNA and protein levels increased in the omega3 group (p < 0.05), as did REE (p < 0.05). Also, differences in the sensation of hunger or satiety were significant (p < 0.05). This study could result in the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on PPARγ, and UCP2 expressions, blood lipid profiles and body composition. In addition, the results of this trial can be used as baseline information for conducting further clinical and sport nutrition studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moradi
- Student's Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, I.R., IR
| | - Mohamadreza Alivand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR
| | - Yaser KhajeBishak
- Department of Nutrition, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, IR
| | - Mohamad AsghariJafarabadi
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR
| | - Maedeh Alipour
- Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR
| | - Amirhosien Faghfouri
- Student's Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, I.R., IR
| | - Beitullah Alipour
- Student's Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, I.R., IR
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Srivastava RAK, Hurley TR, Oniciu D, Adeli K, Newton RS. Discovery of analogues of non-β oxidizable long-chain dicarboxylic fatty acids as dual inhibitors of fatty acids and cholesterol synthesis: Efficacy of lead compound in hyperlipidemic hamsters reveals novel mechanism. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2490-2506. [PMID: 34172319 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cholesterol and triglycerides are risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease. Therefore, appropriate cells and assays are required to discover and develop dual cholesterol and fatty acid inhibitors. A predictive hyperlipidemic animal model is needed to evaluate mechanism of action of lead molecule for therapeutic indications. METHODS AND RESULTS Primary hepatocytes from rat, hamster, rabbit, and humans were compared for suitability to screen compounds by de novo lipogenesis (DNL) using14C-acetate. Hyperlipidemic hamsters were used to evaluate efficacy and mode of action. In rat hepatocytes DNL assay, both the central moiety and carbon chain length influenced the potency of lipogenesis inhibition. In hyperlipidemic hamsters, ETC-1002 decreased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides by 41% and 49% at the 30 mg/kg dose. Concomitant decreases in non-esterified fatty acids (-34%) and increases in ketone bodies (20%) were associated with induction of hepatic CPT1-α. Reductions in proatherogenic VLDL-C and LDL-C (-71% and -64%) occurred partly through down-regulation of DGAT2 and up-regulation of LPL and PDK4. Activation of PLIN1 and PDK4 dampened adipogenesis and showed inverse correlation with adipose mass. Hepatic concentrations of cholesteryl ester and TG decreased by 67% and 64%, respectively. Body weight decreased with concomitant decreases in epididymal fat. Plasma and liver concentrations of ETC-1002 agreed with the observed dose-response efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, ETC-1002 reduced proatherogenic lipoproteins, hepatic lipids and adipose tissues in hyperlipidemic hamsters via induction of LPL, CPT1-α, PDK4, and PLIN1, and downregulation of DGAT2. These characteristics may be useful in the treatment of fatty livers that causes non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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The effect of omega3 fatty acid supplementation on PPARγ and UCP2 expressions, resting energy expenditure, and appetite in athletes. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:48. [PMID: 33964966 PMCID: PMC8106165 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Omega3 fatty acids as a ligand of energy-related genes, have a role in metabolism, and energy expenditure. These effects are due to changes in the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) and uncoupling protein2 (UCP2). This study evaluated the effect of omega3 supplements on PPARγ mRNA expression and UCP2 mRNA expression and protein levels, as regulators of energy metabolism, resting energy expenditure (REE), and appetite in athletes. Methods In a 3-week double-blind RCT in Tabriz, Iran, in 2019, 36 male athletes, age 21.86 (±3.15) y with 16.17 (±5.96)% body fat were randomized to either an intervention (2000 mg/day omega3; EPA: 360, DHA: 240) or placebo (2000 mg/day edible paraffin) groups. Appetite and REE were assessed before and after the intervention. PPARγ and UCP2 mRNA expression and UCP2 protein levels in blood were evaluated by standard methods. Results Results showed PPARγ mRNA levels, and UCP2 mRNA and protein levels increased in omega3 group (p < 0.05), as did REE (p < 0.05). Also, differences in the sensation of hunger or satiety were significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our findings showed that omega3 supplementation leads to the up-regulation of PPARγ and UCP2 expressions as the indicators of metabolism in healthy athletes.
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11
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de Oliveira MS, Rodrigues M, Rossoni EA, Sortica DA, Rheinheimer J, Moehlecke M, Heredia MLDC, Horvath JDC, Kops NL, Trindade MRM, Viana LV, Leitão CB, Friedman R, Crispim D, de Souza BM. -866G/A and Ins/Del polymorphisms in UCP2 gene are associated with reduced short-term weight loss in patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2021; 17:1263-1270. [PMID: 33941479 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) plays an important role in energy expenditure regulation. Previous studies have associated the common -866G/A (rs659366) and Ins/Del polymorphisms in the UCP2 gene with metabolic and obesity-related phenotypes. However, it is still unclear whether these polymorphisms influence weight loss after bariatric surgery. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether UCP2 -866G/A and Ins/Del polymorphisms are associated with weight loss outcomes after bariatric surgery. SETTING Longitudinal study in a university hospital. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 186 patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery for clinical and laboratory characteristics in the preoperative period, 6, 12, and 18 months after RYGB. The -866G/A (rs659366) polymorphism was genotyped using real-time PCR, while the Ins/Del polymorphism was genotyped by direct separation of PCR products in 2.5% agarose gels. RESULTS Patients with the -866A/A genotype showed higher body mass index (BMI) after 6, 12, and 18 months of surgery and excess body weight after 6 and 12 months compared with G/G patients. They also showed lower excess weight loss (EWL%) after 6 and 12 months of surgery. Ins allele carriers (Ins/Ins + Ins/Del) had lower delta (Δ) BMI 12 months after surgery compared with Del/Del patients. Accordingly, patients carrying haplotypes with ≥2 risk alleles of these polymorphisms had higher BMI and excess weight and lower EWL% during follow-up. CONCLUSION UCP2 -866A/A genotype is associated with higher BMI and excess weight and lower EWL% during an 18-month follow-up of patients who underwent RYGB, while the Ins allele seems to be associated with lower ΔBMI 12 months after surgery. Further studies are needed to confirm the associations of the -866G/A and Ins/Del polymorphisms with weight loss after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara S de Oliveira
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program of Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Michelle Rodrigues
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elis A Rossoni
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Denise A Sortica
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jakeline Rheinheimer
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Milene Moehlecke
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Natalia L Kops
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Manoel R M Trindade
- Digestive Surgery Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luciana V Viana
- Digestive Surgery Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristiane B Leitão
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program of Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rogério Friedman
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program of Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bianca M de Souza
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program of Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Souza de Oliveira M, Sachs Nique P, Crispim D, Marmontel de Souza B. The association of uncoupling proteins 1, 2, and 3 with weight loss variability after bariatric surgery: a systematic review. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2020; 16:1858-1868. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Hankir MK, Seyfried F. Do Bariatric Surgeries Enhance Brown/Beige Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:275. [PMID: 32425889 PMCID: PMC7203442 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgeries induce marked and durable weight loss in individuals with morbid obesity through powerful effects on both food intake and energy expenditure. While alterations in gut-brain communication are increasingly implicated in the improved eating behavior following bariatric surgeries, less is known about the mechanistic basis for energy expenditure changes. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige adipose tissue (BeAT) have emerged as major regulators of whole-body energy metabolism in humans as well as in rodents due to their ability to convert the chemical energy in circulating glucose and fatty acids into heat. In this Review, we critically discuss the steadily growing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggesting that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), the two most commonly performed bariatric surgeries, enhance BAT/BeAT thermogenesis. We address the documented mechanisms, highlight study limitations and finish by outlining unanswered questions in the subject. Further understanding how and to what extent bariatric surgeries enhance BAT/BeAT thermogenesis may not only aid in the development of improved obesity pharmacotherapies that safely and optimally target both sides of the energy balance equation, but also in the development of novel hyperglycemia and/or hyperlipidemia pharmacotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed K. Hankir
- Department of Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Seyfried
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Altered pathways in methylome and transcriptome longitudinal analysis of normal weight and bariatric surgery women. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6515. [PMID: 32296077 PMCID: PMC7160100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60814-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation could provide a link between environmental, genetic factors and weight control and can modify gene expression pattern. This study aimed to identify genes, which are differentially expressed and methylated depending on adiposity state by evaluating normal weight women and obese women before and after bariatric surgery (BS). We enrolled 24 normal weight (BMI: 22.5 ± 1.6 kg/m2) and 24 obese women (BMI: 43.3 ± 5.7 kg/m2) submitted to BS. Genome-wide methylation analysis was conducted using Infinium Human Methylation 450 BeadChip (threshold for significant CpG sites based on delta methylation level with a minimum value of 5%, a false discovery rate correction (FDR) of q < 0.05 was applied). Expression levels were measured using HumanHT-12v4 Expression BeadChip (cutoff of p ≤ 0.05 and fold change ≥2.0 was used to detect differentially expressed probes). The integrative analysis of both array data identified four genes (i.e. TPP2, PSMG6, ARL6IP1 and FAM49B) with higher methylation and lower expression level in pre-surgery women compared to normal weight women: and two genes (i.e. ZFP36L1 and USP32) that were differentially methylated after BS. These methylation changes were in promoter region and gene body. All genes are related to MAPK cascade, NIK/NF-kappaB signaling, cellular response to insulin stimulus, proteolysis and others. Integrating analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression evidenced that there is a set of genes relevant to obesity that changed after BS. A gene ontology analysis showed that these genes were enriched in biological functions related to adipogenesis, orexigenic, oxidative stress and insulin metabolism pathways. Also, our results suggest that although methylation plays a role in gene silencing, the majority of effects were not correlated.
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15
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Nicoletti CF, Pinhel MAS, Diaz-Lagares A, Casanueva FF, Jácome A, Pinhanelli VC, de Oliveira BAP, Crujeiras AB, Nonino CB. DNA methylation screening after roux-en Y gastric bypass reveals the epigenetic signature stems from genes related to the surgery per se. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:72. [PMID: 31133015 PMCID: PMC6537208 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0522-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives Obesity has been associated with gene methylation regulation. Recent studies have shown that epigenetic signature plays a role in metabolic homeostasis after Roux-en Y gastric bypass (RYGB). To conduct a genome-wide epigenetic analysis in peripheral blood to investigate whether epigenetic changes following RYGB stem from weight loss or the surgical procedure per se. Subjects/methods By means of the Infinium Human Methylation 450 BeadChip array, global methylation was analyzed in blood of 24 severely obese women before and 6 months after RYGB and in 24 normal-weight women (controls). Results In blood cells, nine DMCpG sites showed low methylation levels before surgery, methylation levels increased after RYGB and neared the levels measured in the controls. Additionally, 44 CpG sites associated with the Wnt and p53 signaling pathways were always differently methylated in the severely obese patients as compared to the controls and were not influenced by RYGB. Finally, 1638 CpG sites related to inflammation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis presented distinct methylation in the post-surgery patients as compared to the controls. Conclusion Bariatric surgery per se acts on CpGs related to inflammation, angiogenesis, and endothelin-signaling. However, the gene cluster associated with obesity remains unchanged, suggesting that weight loss 6 months after RYGB surgery cannot promote this effect. Graphical abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12920-019-0522-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Nicoletti
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics Studies, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A S Pinhel
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics Studies, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Diaz-Lagares
- Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - F F Casanueva
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Jácome
- Department of Mathematics, MODES group, CITIC, Universidade da Coruña, Faculty of Science, A Coruña, Spain
| | - V C Pinhanelli
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics Studies, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - B A P de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics Studies, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A B Crujeiras
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. .,CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain.
| | - C B Nonino
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics Studies, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Lamarca F, Melendez-Araújo MS, Porto de Toledo I, Dutra ES, de Carvalho KMB. Relative Energy Expenditure Decreases during the First Year after Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Obes Surg 2019; 29:2648-2659. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-019-03934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Neonatal overfeeding impairs differentiation potential of mice subcutaneous adipose mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:535-545. [PMID: 29667027 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9812-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nutritional changes in the development (intrauterine life and postnatal period) may trigger long-term pathophysiological complications such as obesity and cardiovascular disease. Metabolic programming leads to organs and tissues modifications, including adipose tissue, with increased lipogenesis, production of inflammatory cytokines, and decreased glucose uptake. However, stem cells participation in adipose tissue dysfunctions triggered by overfeeding during lactation has not been elucidated. Therefore, this study was the first to evaluate the effect of metabolic programming on adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) from mice submitted to overfeeding during lactation, using the litter reduction model. Cells were evaluated for proliferation capacity, viability, immunophenotyping, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The content of UCP-2 and PGC1-α was determined by Western Blot. ASC differentiation potential in adipogenic and osteogenic environments was also evaluated, as well the markers of adipogenic differentiation (PPAR-γ and FAB4) and osteogenic differentiation (osteocalcin) by RT-qPCR. Results indicated that neonatal overfeeding does not affect ASC proliferation, ROS production, and viability. However, differentiation potential and proteins related to metabolism were altered. ASC from overfed group presented increased adipogenic differentiation, decreased osteogenic differentiation, and also showed increased PGC1-α protein content and reduced UCP-2 expression. Thus, ASC may be involved with the increased adiposity observed in neonatal overfeeding, and its therapeutic potential may be affected.
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Sala P, Corrêa-Giannella ML, Waitzberg DL. Bariatric surgery and gene expression in the gut. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2018; 21:246-251. [PMID: 29697537 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current review provides an overview of recent literature on new findings related to bariatric surgery and gut gene expression. RECENT FINDINGS Bariatric surgery modulates the expression of intestinal genes. Experimental and clinical investigations have demonstrated the association of gut rearrangement with changes in intestinal expression of genes related to glucose metabolism. Recent data suggest that bariatric surgery also affects expression of genes belonging to other pathways, including nutrient transporters and metabolism of vitamin B12, decreasing pathway-encoding genes that may contribute to vitamin B12 deficiency in the postoperative period. SUMMARY Bariatric surgery is an effective intervention strategy against severe obesity, resulting in sustained weight loss and reduction of comorbidities. Nutritional genomic changes appear in response to bariatric surgery, possibly due to adaptive gut response. Improved understanding of the molecular pathways modulated by this intervention may facilitate weight and comorbidities management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Sala
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Laboratorio Metanutri (LIM 35), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - M L Corrêa-Giannella
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Laboratorio de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM-18), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dan L Waitzberg
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Laboratorio Metanutri (LIM 35), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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A new resting metabolic rate equation for women with class III obesity. Nutrition 2018; 49:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Jahansouz C, Xu H, Hertzel AV, Kizy SS, Steen KA, Foncea R, Serrot FJ, Kvalheim N, Luthra G, Ewing K, Leslie DB, Ikramuddin S, Bernlohr DA. Partitioning of adipose lipid metabolism by altered expression and function of PPAR isoforms after bariatric surgery. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 42:139-146. [PMID: 28894292 PMCID: PMC5803459 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery remains the most effective treatment for reducing adiposity and eliminating type 2 diabetes; however, the mechanism(s) responsible have remained elusive. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) encompass a family of nuclear hormone receptors that upon activation exert control of lipid metabolism, glucose regulation and inflammation. Their role in adipose tissue following bariatric surgery remains undefined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies and serum were obtained and evaluated from time of surgery and on postoperative day 7 in patients randomized to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n=13) or matched caloric restriction (n=14), as well as patients undergoing vertical sleeve gastrectomy (n=33). Fat samples were evaluated for changes in gene expression, protein levels, β-oxidation, lipolysis and cysteine oxidation. RESULTS Within 7 days, bariatric surgery acutely drives a change in the activity and expression of PPARγ and PPARδ in subcutaneous adipose tissue thereby attenuating lipid storage, increasing lipolysis and potentiating lipid oxidation. This unique metabolic alteration leads to changes in downstream PPARγ/δ targets including decreased expression of fatty acid binding protein (FABP) 4 and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) with increased expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). Increased expression of UCP2 not only facilitated fatty acid oxidation (increased 15-fold following surgery) but also regulated the subcutaneous adipose tissue redoxome by attenuating protein cysteine oxidation and reducing oxidative stress. The expression of UCP1, a mitochondrial protein responsible for the regulation of fatty acid oxidation and thermogenesis in beige and brown fat, was unaltered following surgery. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that bariatric surgery initiates a novel metabolic shift in subcutaneous adipose tissue to oxidize fatty acids independently from the beiging process through regulation of PPAR isoforms. Further studies are required to understand the contribution of this shift in expression of PPAR isoforms to weight loss following bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Jahansouz
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota. Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Hongliang Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, MN, 55455
| | - Ann V. Hertzel
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, MN, 55455
| | - Scott S. Kizy
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota. Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Kaylee A. Steen
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, MN, 55455
| | - Rocio Foncea
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, MN, 55455
| | | | - Nicholas Kvalheim
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, MN, 55455
| | - Girish Luthra
- Park Nicollet Bariatric Surgery Center, St. Louis Park, MN
| | | | - Daniel B. Leslie
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota. Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Sayeed Ikramuddin
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota. Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - David A. Bernlohr
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, MN, 55455
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Nicoletti CF, Cortes-Oliveira C, Pinhel MAS, Nonino CB. Bariatric Surgery and Precision Nutrition. Nutrients 2017; 9:E974. [PMID: 28878180 PMCID: PMC5622734 DOI: 10.3390/nu9090974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review provides a literature overview of new findings relating nutritional genomics and bariatric surgery. It also describes the importance of nutritional genomics concepts in personalized bariatric management. It includes a discussion of the potential role bariatric surgery plays in altering the three pillars of nutritional genomics: nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics, and epigenetics. We present studies that show the effect of each patient's genetic and epigenetic variables on the response to surgical weight loss treatment. We include investigations that demonstrate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms with obesity phenotypes and their influence on weight loss after bariatric surgery. We also present reports on how significant weight loss induced by bariatric surgery impacts telomere length, and we discuss studies on the existence of an epigenetic signature associated with surgery outcomes and specific gene methylation profile, which may help to predict weight loss after a surgical procedure. Finally, we show articles which evidence that bariatric surgery may affect expression of numerous genes involved in different metabolic pathways and consequently induce functional and taxonomic changes in gut microbial communities. The role nutritional genomics plays in responses to weight loss after bariatric surgery is evident. Better understanding of the molecular pathways involved in this process is necessary for successful weight management and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina F Nicoletti
- Internal Medicine Department, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Cristiana Cortes-Oliveira
- Internal Medicine Department, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Marcela A S Pinhel
- Internal Medicine Department, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil.
- Molecular Biology Department, São Jose do Rio Preto Medical School, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15090-000, Brazil.
| | - Carla B Nonino
- Internal Medicine Department, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil.
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