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Moreno K, Ferguson C, Garcia V, Gomez M, Gurovich AN. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and a Physical Therapy Program on Students' Health Outcomes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2024; 17:199-211. [PMID: 38665687 PMCID: PMC11042892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic affected many aspects of everyday life including school, fitness regimens, and social interactions. The purpose of this study is to understand how COVID-19 restrictions affect the cardiovascular and mental health of Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students as they progressed through the program. Data collection occurred in 16 DPT students (8F:8M, 24±3 years) over a total of 3 visits from 2020 to 2022, during high, moderate, and low COVID-19 restrictions. Outcome measures included VO2max, Venous Occlusion Plethysmography (VOP), %fat mass measured via DEXA, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). A RM-ANOVA with pairwise comparisons was utilized. Significance was set prior at an α level of 0.05. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) from visit 1 to 2 in VO2max, VOP baseline, BMI, and METs. There was a significant decrease (p<0.05) from visit 2 to 3 in VO2max. Finally, a significant increase in visit 3 was seen from visit 2 in VOP peak. Overall, there was no significant difference observed for PSS and %fat mass (p>0.05). Between high and moderate restrictions, there was an increase in VO2max, VOP baseline, and METs. However, between moderate and low restrictions, only VOP Peak increased. This could be attributed to gyms being closed and limiting the type of physical activity a person could do to exercises like running or walking. When restrictions were lifted, traveling to and from classes, traveling to gyms, and socializing all increased, limiting the time for physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Moreno
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Department of Physical Therapy and Movement Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Caitlyn Ferguson
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Department of Physical Therapy and Movement Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Vanessa Garcia
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Department of Physical Therapy and Movement Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Manuel Gomez
- Clinical Applied Physiology Lab, Department of Physical Therapy and Movement Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Alvaro N Gurovich
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Department of Physical Therapy and Movement Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
- Clinical Applied Physiology Lab, Department of Physical Therapy and Movement Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
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Daşcı E, Salihoğlu K, Daşcı E. The relationship between tolerance for uncertainty and academic adjustment: the mediating role of students' psychological flexibility during COVID-19. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1272205. [PMID: 38046112 PMCID: PMC10691738 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1272205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction University students are among the groups most adversely affected by COVID-19 in terms of their psychological and academic wellbeing, particularly given the pandemic's uncertainty. However, little is known about their psychological flexibility to deal with this uncertain nature of pandemic. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of psychological flexibility (PF) in the relationship between university students' intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and their academic adjustment to the online learning process during COVID-19. Methods Data was collected from 388 university students from Türkiye (18-34 (Mage = 21.43, SD = 2.04) who completed five questionnaires - Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II, Academic Self Efficacy Scale, Educational Stress Scale, and Online Self-Regulatory Learning Scale. Additionally, as indicators of students' academic adjustment, perceived academic performance - ranging 1 to 10, and their last academic grade point average before and during the pandemic were also collected. Results The results indicated that PF and IU had a significant effect on the academic adjustment of students during the pandemic. PF had a complete mediating role between the IU and academic adjustment. Results also revealed that online self-regulation, a sub-dimension of academic adjustment, did not show a significant relationship with any other variable in the model. Discussion Research findings showed that psychological flexibility is a very important strength for university students to maintain their academic adjustment in stressful times. The results were discussed in light of the relevant research, and recommendations for further research and implications were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kübra Salihoğlu
- Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Department of Education, Istanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Esra Daşcı
- Educational Psychology, Department of Education, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Türkiye
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Almansoof HS, Nuhmani S, Muaidi Q. Role of kinetic chain in sports performance and injury risk: a narrative review. J Med Life 2023; 16:1591-1596. [PMID: 38406779 PMCID: PMC10893580 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The kinetic chain refers to the body's intricate coordination of various segments to perform a specific activity involving precise positioning, timing, and speed. This process is based on task-oriented and activity-specific pre-programmed muscle activation patterns enhanced by repeated practice. It demands muscular eccentric strength, joint flexibility, and musculotendinous elastic energy storage. The body core (lumbopelvic-hip complex) forms the kinetic chains' central point of activities in most sports because it facilitates load transfers to and from the limbs. The kinetic chain relationship with fascia, peripheral nerves, and tensegrity is fundamental to holistic human body movements. The kinetic chain function demands neuromuscular, sensorimotor, and neurocognitive control. Any blockage or defect in the kinetic chain can develop compensatory patterns, high demands on distal parts, and overuse and overload injuries. Taking a holistic approach and evaluating the integrity of the kinetic chain in athletes can significantly enhance efforts to improve sports performance and mitigate injury risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa Saleh Almansoof
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shibili Nuhmani
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Qassim Muaidi
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Ahdut-HaCohen R, Carmel P. Healthy lifestyles in pre-service teachers in Israel: the impact of academic institutions. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1191814. [PMID: 37546317 PMCID: PMC10397538 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1191814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study examines the impact of academic institutions on changes to students' awareness and habits regarding a healthy lifestyle, specifically through nutrition and physical exercise, following the Covid-19 pandemic. Design and subjects In May 2020, quantitative online questionnaires were completed by 266 pre-service teachers (83.5% female), aged 19-63, who were studying at an academic institution in Israel. Setting The questionnaire, which included health-related 15 items, as well as a number of demographic questions, was distributed via social media, academic mailing lists, and the researchers' colleagues. Methods The respondents were asked to provide socio-demographic data and information regarding their health-related habits, such as smoking and exercising, at two timepoints: prior to the Covid-19 pandemic and during the first lockdown in Israel (March-May 2020). Analysis Statistical analysis included paired t-tests, Wilcoxon and McNemar tests, Pearsons's correlations, and hierarchical regressions. Results The academic institution's promoting of a healthy lifestyle, as perceived by students, was found to contribute to the explained variance (EPV) of their maintaining a healthy lifestyle, prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic (R2 = 9.4%, p < .001and R2 = 2.4%, p = 0.009, respectively), beyond the respondents' demographic characteristics. Moreover, correlations were found between the institution's promoting of a healthy lifestyle at both timepoints. Respondents who perceived their institution as promoting a healthy lifestyle prior to the pandemic maintained healthier lifestyles than their peers; healthier lifestyles were also maintained by respondents who were unmarried, non-smokers, more educated, and watched less television. Finally, the institution's promoting of a healthy lifestyle prior to the pandemic significantly contributed to the students' maintaining a healthy lifestyle and healthy nutrition during the pandemic. Conclusion The findings of this study highlight the impact of academic institutions on maintaining healthy lifestyles, even in times of crises and emergencies, thereby contributing to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Ahdut-HaCohen
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Medical Research, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Science, David Yellin Academic College of Education, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Paz Carmel
- Department of Adult Education, David Yellin College of Education, Jerusalem, Israel
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Zwolińska J, Walski P, Zajdel K. Mental condition and physical activity of individuals working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2023; 36:274-290. [PMID: 37184143 PMCID: PMC10464786 DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study assessed quality of life and depression in working people during COVID-19 pandemic, relative to their physical activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study involved 1194 people living in south-eastern Poland, and assessed life satisfaction (Life Satisfaction Questionnaire - 9 [LISAT-9]), quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life - BREF [WHOQoL-BREF]), depression (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]) and physical activity. RESULTS The respondents on average scored 4.32 in LISAT-9; respectively 66.2, 68.3, 69.6 and 63.5 in physical, psychological, social and environment domains of WHOQoL-BREF and 9.2 in BDI. Regularly performed physical activity positively affected the scores in all the psychometric tests in women with higher and secondary education and in men with vocational education. Women presented lower life satisfaction, poorer quality of life and higher level of depression than men. The psychometric scores were also differentiated by type of employment and job. Depression was identified in 44% of all the respondents. CONCLUSIONS Individuals who are economically active during the pandemic report good quality of life and no or only mild signs of depression. Working people with higher education cope more effectively with adversities of the pandemic, compared to those with lower education. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(2):274-90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Zwolińska
- University of Rzeszów, Medical College, Institute of Health Sciences, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Paweł Walski
- University of Rzeszów, Medical College, Scientific Club of Physical Energy Used in Physiotherapy, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Kamil Zajdel
- University of Rzeszów, Medical College, Scientific Club of Physical Energy Used in Physiotherapy, Rzeszów, Poland
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Martín-Moya R, Tejada-Medina V. Considerations after lockdown and overcoming Covid-19: A systematic review for returning to safe physical exercise practice. Sci Sports 2023:S0765-1597(23)00107-7. [PMID: 37362085 PMCID: PMC10176101 DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective This systematic review aims to understand the problems associated with lockdown and the various conditions of Covid-19 infection and to help prepare athletes and exercise enthusiasts for the safe resumption of sport in a manner that promotes wellness, healthy competition, and a sports industry that survives the current situation. This systematic review was carried out, following the recommendations of the currently pre-established reporting elements for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The following databases were consulted: ISI Web of Science (WOS), Scopus and Google Scholar. This review includes a total of 19 articles. News The results are presented based on three predominant themes: (1) psychological impact produced by SARS-CoV-2; (2) post-Covid-19 cardiac abnormalities and (3) protocols for an adequate return to physical practice. Prospects and projects Most of the protocols shown by the various papers are consistent in terms of duration and number of phases. Based on this, the safe return to practice protocol can be divided into four stages of seven days in each phase in order to progress according to the symptoms perceived. In each phase, the physiological demand and efforts necessary to cover the proposed activities are increased until optimal physical condition is recovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Martín-Moya
- Physical Education and Sports Department, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences of Melilla, University of Granada, Melilla, Spain
| | - V Tejada-Medina
- Physical Education and Sports Department, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences of Melilla, University of Granada, Melilla, Spain
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Khan A, Patel A, Noorbhai H. Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on physical, mental and emotional parameters among sportspersons. Health SA 2023; 28:2119. [PMID: 37064647 PMCID: PMC10090966 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown was a strange and new occurrence, which left many individuals ill-equipped to cope with the new way of living. Sportspersons had to adapt to a new training style within a new environment, both physically and mentally. Aim The purpose of this study was to understand the physical, mental and emotional parameters among sportspersons during the COVID-19 lockdown regulations. Setting The study consisted of 105 regular sportspersons (from South Africa). Methods This was a quantitative research study design using an online questionnaire. An online questionnaire was adapted and distributed via online social platforms (WhatsApp, Twitter and Instagram) to collect data in which sportspersons (n = 105) answered questions about the effects that they experienced during lockdown on their physical, mental and emotional well-being. Results Sportspersons participated in cardiovascular training, flexibility training, strength training and bodybuilding exercises during pre-lockdown. During lockdown, more than 74% of sportspersons had adequate training space, equipment and the time to perform physical activity. However, more than 43% of these sportspersons experienced a decrease in flexibility, muscle mass and muscle strength. Exercise was used as a form of stress relief by 77.1% of sportspersons throughout lockdown. In addition, sportspersons who used exercise as a form of stress relief continued to experience an increase in stress throughout lockdown. Conclusion The outcomes from this study demonstrated how the COVID-19 lockdown had adverse effects on the overall health and well-being of most sportspersons. Other outcomes included the effects that physical inactivity had among sportspersons, including changes in diet and sleep. Contribution This study highlights the urgency for the sports fraternity to adopt measures to provide various methods of stress relief (as well as opportunities for physical activity) during similar periods of lockdown (or exercise restrictions) for those who rely on exercise as their daily physical, mental and emotional outlet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaarah Khan
- Department of Sport and Movement Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ammaarah Patel
- Department of Sport and Movement Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Habib Noorbhai
- Department of Sport and Movement Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Yue Y, Xiao H. EFFECTS OF MODERATE-INTENSITY PHYSICAL TRAINING ON STUDENTS’ MENTAL HEALTH RECOVERY. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction Moderate-intensity physical training effectively improves physical fitness and promotes an important impact on restoring human mental health. Objective This study aims to explore the effect of moderate-intensity physical training on students’ mental health. Methods 100 students presented themselves as research volunteers. The moderate-intensity sport the students played was badminton. Each exercise lasted 30 minutes. A scale was used to detect the students’ emotional changes after exercise. Different intensity exercise programs were formulated according to the improvement in the student’s mood. The mechanism of the impact of moderate-intensity exercise on mental health was also compared. Results Students’ emotional state before the exercise intervention was affected by physical exhaustion. After the exercise intervention, the emotional state of college students was shown to be more resilient to physical exhaustion. The dynamic changes in students’ states before and after the intervention were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Moderate-intensity sports positively affect students’ mental health recovery. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yue
- Shenzhen Technology University, China
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The longitudinal association between working from home and musculoskeletal pain during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2022; 96:521-535. [PMID: 36566457 PMCID: PMC9790086 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01946-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates the associations between working from home and the presence of MSP during the COVID-19 pandemic. Working from home often involves a lot of sedentary computer screen work and the home working environment might not be optimally equipped, which can lead to health problems, including musculoskeletal pain (MSP). METHODS Longitudinal data from 16 questionnaire rounds of the Lifelines COVID-19 cohort during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020-February 2021) were used. In total, 40,702 Dutch workers were included. In every round, participants reported whether they worked on location, from home, or hybrid. Logistic Generalized Estimating Equations were used to study the association of work situation with the presence of MSP and the presence of severe MSP. RESULTS Working from home was associated with higher risks of having MSP in the lower back (OR: 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.08), in the upper back (OR: 1.24, 95% CI 1.18-1.31), and in the neck, shoulder(s) and/or arm(s) (OR: 1.18, 95% CI 1.13-1.22). Hybrid working was associated with higher risks of having pain in the upper back (OR: 1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.17) and in the neck, shoulder(s) and/or arm(s) (OR: 1.14, 95% CI 1.09-1.20). Both home and hybrid workers had higher risks of severe MSP in the different body areas. CONCLUSION Home workers, and to a smaller extent hybrid workers, had higher risks of having MSP than location workers during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results indicate the importance of measures to prevent MSP in future policies involving working from home.
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Günalan E, Turhan S, Çavak BY, Cebioğlu İK, Çonak Ö. The Evaluation of Videos about Branched-Chain Amino Acids Supplements on YouTube ™: A Multi-Approach Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16659. [PMID: 36554542 PMCID: PMC9779575 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are one of the most controversial ergogenic aids in terms of effectiveness and safety. This study aimed to evaluate the quality and reliability of BCAA supplements related to English videos on YouTube™ and to synthesize with the sentiment-emotion analysis of comments on videos. The content analysis of the information on videos was evaluated with the use of DISCERN, Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria, and Global Quality Score (GQS). In addition, word cloud and sentiment and emotional analysis of comments in videos were performed with the R package. As a result, the mean ± standard error values of DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS scores of all videos were 29.27 ± 1.97, 1.95 ± 0.12, and 2.13 ± 0.17, respectively. It was found that advertisement-free videos have a significantly higher DISCERN and GQS score than advertisement-included videos (p < 0.05). A moderately significant positive correlation was determined between DISCERN score of video content and the positive sentiment of video comments (rs: 0.400, p = 0.002). In conclusion, it was determined that BCAA-related YouTube™ videos have mostly very poor quality in terms of content and that videos with higher quality may receive positive comments from viewers according to the DISCERN instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Günalan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Health and Technology University, Istanbul 34025, Turkey
| | - Saadet Turhan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Istanbul Health and Technology University, Istanbul 34025, Turkey
- Institute of Graduate Education, Istinye University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Betül Yıldırım Çavak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Health and Technology University, Istanbul 34025, Turkey
| | - İrem Kaya Cebioğlu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Yeditepe University, Istanbul 34755, Turkey
| | - Özge Çonak
- Department of Health Management, Beykent University, Istanbul 34398, Turkey
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Shahabi N, Hosseini Z, Homayuni A, Ezati Rad R, Gharibzadeh A. Explaining the factors affecting women's life during COVID‐19 lockdown: A qualitative study among women in Southern Iran. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e957. [PMCID: PMC9686351 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Shahabi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran
| | - Zahra Hosseini
- Tobacco and Health Research Center Hormozgan university of Medical Sciences Bandar abbas Iran
| | - Atefeh Homayuni
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran
| | - Roghayeh Ezati Rad
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran
| | - Abdollah Gharibzadeh
- Tobacco and Health Research Center Hormozgan university of Medical Sciences Bandar abbas Iran
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Yoon S, Choi S. Stress-related to COVID-19, anxiety, and protective factors among middle-aged and older adults in the largest outbreak areas in South Korea. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:2090-2099. [PMID: 34935533 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.2017850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study examined the impact of psychological stress related to COVID-19 on anxiety as well as protective factors against these negative psychological consequences among middle-aged and older adults in the largest outbreak areas in South Korea. METHOD Participants included 667 middle-aged and older adults (ages 40 to 76) living in the largest outbreak areas at the time of the survey based on the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in South Korea. Path analysis was conducted. RESULTS Stress related to COVID-19 and loneliness were positively associated with anxiety. However, family cohesion, resilience, health, and being married were negatively associated with anxiety. Also, family cohesion, resilience, income, and being married were negatively associated with loneliness among middle-aged and older adults in the largest outbreak areas in South Korea. CONCLUSION As postulated by the Stress Process Model, stress related to COVID-19 may have increased loneliness and anxiety among middle-aged and older adults in the largest outbreak areas in South Korea; however, resilience and family cohesion reduced these negative consequences both directly and indirectly. Findings are discussed and implications are addressed.
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Michałowska S, Rachubińska K, Konieczny K. Anxiety, Stress Coping Styles and Hope for Success among Graduate Students and High School Graduates during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Moderating Role of Remote Learning. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9692. [PMID: 35955048 PMCID: PMC9367935 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly influenced the area of education, in terms of both teaching and learning effectiveness. The aim of the study was to compare groups of high school graduates and graduate students. The Coping Inventory in Stressful Situations (CISS), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Hope for Success Questionnaire (KNS), and our own questionnaire were used in the study. The results of the research show that the group of high school graduates, compared to the graduate students, was characterized by a higher level of anxiety, a style focused on emotions and a lower level of hope for success. People who passed the exam in the online form were characterized by a higher level of anxiety compared to the respondents who passed the exam in the stationary form. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the styles of coping and the level of hope for success may be both protective and risk factors related to the level of anxiety during distance learning.
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Schöttl SE, Schnitzer M, Savoia L, Kopp M. Physical Activity Behavior During and After COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders-A Longitudinal Study in the Austrian, German, and Italian Alps. Front Public Health 2022; 10:901763. [PMID: 35712287 PMCID: PMC9194442 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.901763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Alpine regions, which are very similar due to their topographical location and their wide-ranging sports offerings, the restrictions on sports activities during the COVID-19 pandemic differed in type and level: while in some regions (Tyrol, South Tyrol, Trentino), all sports activities were forbidden except for walking near the home, in other regions (Upper Bavaria, Vorarlberg), people were allowed to go hiking and running during the first lockdown. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the change in physical activity (PA) behavior in different Alpine regions (Upper Bavaria, Vorarlberg, Tyrol, South Tyrol, Trentino) over four periods in 2020, to examine the effects of COVID-19 measures of varying severity on PA behavior and to identify factors associated with a change in PA over time. Methods A retrospective online survey was conducted (N = 2975) from December 2020, to January 2021. Using the questionnaire of the Eurobarometer 472 study, PA behavior was measured over four periods: before COVID-19 (March), during the first lockdown (March and April), during the relaxed period (May-October) and during the second lockdown (November and December) in 2020. Results During the first (M = 5.0h, SD = 4.5) and the second lockdowns (M = 4.9h, SD = 4.3), the participants (age: 42 years, overly active in sports) engaged less in sports than before (M = 5.9h, SD = 4.8) and during the relaxed period in summer (M = 6.4h, SD = 5.0) (average number of hours per week being physically active). A larger percentage of participants from Alpine regions with severe restrictions (Tyrol, South Tyrol, Trentino) decreased their PA during the first lockdown as compared to participants from Upper Bavaria and Vorarlberg with a less strict first lockdown. Those with psychological distress, male participants, and individuals with decreased physical health and less free time during COVID-19 were more likely to reduce their PA. Conclusions Despite a short-term negative effect of COVID-19 restrictions on exercise participation during lockdowns, the majority of respondents returned to their original levels of PA during the relaxed COVID-19 phases. As a comparison of Alpine regions shows, particularly severe COVID-19 measures seem to have reduced PA with potential negative health effects. For the future, policy makers and sports organizations should collaborate to support the population in their PA behavior during pandemics to outweigh restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie E Schöttl
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Schnitzer
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laura Savoia
- Sports Observatory of the Autonomous Province of Bozen/Bolzano-South Tyrol, Bozen, Italy
| | - Martin Kopp
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Ma L, Liu J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Yang C. Function of Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility in Safety of Sports Activities and Home Aerobic Equipment in the Late Period of COVID-19. Front Psychol 2022; 13:919254. [PMID: 35795447 PMCID: PMC9251432 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.919254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic has impacted various industries, including the sports industry. However, corporate social responsibility (CSR) can mitigate the adverse effects of the crisis and promote the sports industry. To analyze the effect of CSR, the study examined the impact of perceived corporate social responsibility on injury prevention expectation, injury risk perception, and health up-gradation with the mediation of sports safety measures. There are 259 sportsmen of local sports bodies provided the data through a self-administered survey. Data analysis was conducted through Smart-PLS and SEM techniques. The outcome of the analysis showed that perceived corporate social responsibility leads to injury prevention expectation, injury risk perception, and health up-gradation. Also, the study found that sports safety measure mediates the relationship between perceived corporate social responsibility and injury prevention expectation, between perceived corporate social responsibility and injury risk perception, and between perceived corporate social responsibility and health up-gradation among sportsmen of local sports bodies. The theoretical implications were presented related to the significance of CSR and sports safety measure and their impact on sportsmen injury prevention expectation, health, and risk perception. The practical implications were related to the management of local sports bodies and how they can induce CSR initiatives and programs. Some limitations related to sample size, incorporating other variables, examining the model in other contexts, and using different study designs, have also been mentioned in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Ma
- Physical Education Department, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Physical Education Department, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Liu
| | - Yicheng Liu
- Intensive Care Unit, Neijiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Neijiang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Physical Education Department, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunmei Yang
- Physical Education Department, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
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16
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The Thin Ideal and Attitudes towards Appearance as Correlates of Exercise Addiction among Sporty People during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12060187. [PMID: 35735397 PMCID: PMC9220258 DOI: 10.3390/bs12060187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The stress and anxiety caused by the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) have exacerbated body image concerns. A society that perpetuates the attempt for a perfect and thin appearance represents a fertile ground for the development of exercise addiction (EA). This cross-sectional study aims to explore EA during the second wave of the pandemic (October−December 2020) and to examine the independent influence of both time spent on moderate and vigorous physical activities and body image variables (i.e., drive for leanness and sociocultural attitudes toward appearance) on EA. A sample of Italian sporty people (N = 194; 48.5% females; Mage = 25.91 ± 6.32) was surveyed using the Exercise Addiction Inventory, the Drive for Leanness Scale, the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire, and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. A total of 82% of the sample were symptomatic of and 11.3% were at risk of EA. Hierarchical regressions revealed an association between the time spent on vigorous physical activities and levels of EA (p < 0.05). Moreover, body image variables were positively related to EA, explaining an additional 11% of variance (p < 0.05). Results showed the importance of considering and addressing body image factors to investigate and dampen the risk of EA among sporty people.
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17
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Cai Z. EFFECT OF REGULAR PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON HUMAN IMMUNITY. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202228032021_0484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: A suitable combination of physical exercise and nutrition can effectively improve the body’s immunity and function. It has a positive effect and value on the healthy development of the body. Objective: To compare the immune function of athletes and non-athletes. We study the immune effect of spleen gland peptides on athletes. Methods: This study used different exercise methods, intensities, durations, and evaluated the effect of spleen peptide on the immune function of the body. Results: Physical exercise can improve human immunity. The spleen peptide directly exerts a positive two-way regulation effect on the immune function of athletes after intense and stressful exercise. Conclusion: The oral administration of spleen aminopeptidase enhances the athlete’s body fluid and cellular immune function and effectively reduces the infection rate of the athlete’s respiratory tract. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
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18
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Qudsieh S, Mahfouz IA, Qudsieh H, Barbarawi LA, Asali F, Al-Zubi M, Barbarawi AA. The Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic Curfew on the Psychosocial Lives of Pregnant Women in Jordan. Midwifery 2022; 109:103317. [PMID: 35354100 PMCID: PMC8934432 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2022.103317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Worldwide the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the health and psychosocial lives of people. International guidelines recommend special attention to pregnant women during pandemics and national emergencies. This study aimed to report the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic curfew on the psychosocial lives of pregnant women in Jordan. Design A cross-sectional study was conducted and included women who were pregnant during the COVID-19 curfew in Jordan, which took place between mid-March and mid-June of 2020. Settings A web-based survey that was posted on various social media platforms. Participants Women who at the time of the study were 18 years of age or more, were living in Jordan, and were pregnant during the curfew. Measurements and findings Data collected included women's characteristics, the impact of the curfew on the pregnancy, physical activity, and psychosocial lives and the barriers to seeking healthcare, in addition to pregnancy and delivery details, and changes in nutrition and supplements intake. A total of 877 women responded to the survey. The results showed that 21.1% of the respondents did not receive any antenatal care (ANC) during the curfew. The respondents also reported that the main barriers for seeking ANC included healthcare facilities being closed (85.2%), the need for travel permits (76.8%), financial difficulties (63.9%), and fear of catching the COVID-19 virus (60.1%). Furthermore, 93.3% reported that they had psychological stress, and 29.9% reported that they had at least one form of domestic violence. Statistically significant associations existed between various women's characteristics, obstetric, psychosocial factors, and the level of psychological stress. Key conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic curfew, which was applied in Jordan, resulted in a negative impact on the psychosocial lives of pregnant women. As a result, pregnant women did not receive optimal antenatal care and experienced higher degrees of psychological stress and domestic violence. Implications for practice The findings of our study may encourage national healthcare policymakers to ensure the provision of appropriate psychosocial support of pregnant women during large scale emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhair Qudsieh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, P O Box: 566, Irbid 21163, Jordan.
| | - Ismaiel Abu Mahfouz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, P O Box: 206, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Hana Qudsieh
- Department of Medicine/Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Karak 61710, Jordan
| | - Lara Al Barbarawi
- Faculty of Engineering and Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON L8S4L8 Canada
| | - Fida Asali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Hashemite University, P O Box: 330127, Zarka 13133, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Al-Zubi
- Department of General surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, P O Box: 566, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Ala' Al Barbarawi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P O Box: 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
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19
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Atmosudigdo IS, Lim MA, Radi B, Henrina J, Yonas E, Vania R, Pranata R. Dyslipidemia Increases the Risk of Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes 2022; 14:1179551421990675. [PMID: 35173508 PMCID: PMC8842489 DOI: 10.1177/1179551421990675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether dyslipidemia affects the mortality and severity of COVID-19, we also aimed to evaluate whether other comorbidities influence the association. Methods: A systematic literature search using PubMed, Embase, and EuropePMC was performed on 8 October 2020. This study’s main outcome is a poor composite outcome, comprising of mortality and severe COVID-19. Results: There were 9 studies with 3663 patients. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in this pooled analysis was 18% (4%-32%). Dyslipidemia was associated with increased composite poor outcome (RR 1.39 [1.02, 1.88], P = .010; I2: 56.7%, P = .018). Subgroup analysis showed that dyslipidemia was associated with severe COVID-19 (RR 1.39 [1.03, 1.87], P = .008; I2: 57.4%, P = .029). Meta-regression showed that the association between dyslipidemia and poor outcome varies by age (coefficient: −0.04, P = .033), male gender (coefficient: −0.03, P = .042), and hypertension (coefficient: −0.02, P = .033), but not diabetes (coefficient: −0.24, P = .135) and cardiovascular diseases (coefficient: −0.01, P = .506). Inverted funnel-plot was relatively symmetrical. Egger’s test indicates that the pooled analysis was not statistically significant for small-study effects (P = .206). Conclusion: Dyslipidemia potentially increases mortality and severity of COVID-19. The association was stronger in patients with older age, male, and hypertension. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42020213491
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Affiliation(s)
- Indriwanto Sakidjan Atmosudigdo
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Basuni Radi
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Emir Yonas
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas YARSI, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rachel Vania
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia.,Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Sanglah General Hospital, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Raymond Pranata
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia
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20
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Szczypińska M, Samełko A, Guszkowska M. What Predicts the Mood of Athletes Involved in Preparations for Tokyo 2020/2021 Olympic Games During the Covid - 19 Pandemic? The Role of Sense of Coherence, Hope for Success and Coping Strategies. J Sports Sci Med 2021; 20:421-430. [PMID: 34267581 PMCID: PMC8256529 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2021.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify coherence, hope for success and coping strategies as predictors of mood among this year's Olympians in the context of coronavirus events. The relationships between the above variables and the mood of athletes were analysed. The study group consisted of 57 athletes - women (29) and men (28) between 18 and 39 years of age - representing various sports disciplines who were preparing for the Tokyo Olympics. The research was conducted in the period of April 7-28, 2020 during the first threat of COVID-19 pandemic, following the decision to move the Summer Olympics to the year 2021. It was time of the greatest national restrictions and information about the postponement of the games had been received. As a result of the step regression analysis, three predictors of vigour were established: sense of meaningfulness, coping with stress through positive reframing, and not using the self-blaming strategy. A positive predictor of anger was the use of substances. Confusion was predicted based on the frequency of behavioral disengagement. Behavioral disengagement predicted the severity of depression. Predictors of fatigue were the sense of meaningfulness, and the strategies of positive reframing and self-blaming. The results obtained emphasize the importance of positive reframing as a factor contributing to maintaining a positive mood state. In contrast, behavioral disengagement and self-blaming were strategies that lowered the mood of elite athletes. The results confirm the importance of factors included in the salutogenic model (sense of coherence, coping strategies) as predictors of athletes' mood during a pandemic.
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21
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Lim MA, Smith L. COVID-19 pandemic: a wake-up call for lifestyle-related preventable conditions in older adults. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:2367-2368. [PMID: 34155603 PMCID: PMC8216581 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01915-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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22
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Lima G, Muniz-Pardos B, Kolliari-Turner A, Hamilton B, Guppy FM, Grivas G, Bosch A, Borrione P, DI Gianfrancesco A, Fossati C, Pigozzi F, Pitsiladis Y. Anti-doping and other sport integrity challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 61:1173-1183. [PMID: 34256541 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12777-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has had an unprecedent impact on the world of sport and society at large. Many of the challenges with respect to integrity previously facing competitive sport have been accentuated further during the pandemic. Threats to the integrity of sporting competition include traditional doping, issues of technological fairness, and integration of transgender and intersex athletes in elite sport. The enforced lull in competitive sport provides an unprecedented opportunity for stakeholders in sport to focus on unresolved integrity issues and develop and implement long-lasting solutions. There needs to be a concerted effort to focus on the many technological innovations accelerated by and perfected during COVID-19 that have enabled us to work from home, such as teaching students on-line, applications for medical advice, prescriptions and referrals, and treating patients in hospitals/care homes via video links and use these developments and innovations to enhance sport integrity and anti-doping procedures. Positive sports integrity actions will require a considered application of all such technology, as well as the inclusion of "omics" technology, big data, bioinformatics and machine learning/artificial intelligence approaches to modernize sport. Applications include protecting the health of athletes, considered non-discriminative integration of athletes into elite sport, intelligent remote testing to improve the frequency of anti-doping tests, detection windows, and the potential combination with omics technology to improve the tests' sensitivity and specificity in order to protect clean athletes and deter doping practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giscard Lima
- Foro Italico University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Centre for Stress and Age Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.,School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK
| | - Borja Muniz-Pardos
- GENUD Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Blair Hamilton
- Centre for Stress and Age Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.,School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Fergus M Guppy
- Centre for Stress and Age Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Gerasimos Grivas
- Division of Humanities and Political Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Hellenic Naval Academy, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Andrew Bosch
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Paolo Borrione
- Foro Italico University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,NADO Italia, National Antidoping Organization, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia DI Gianfrancesco
- Foro Italico University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,NADO Italia, National Antidoping Organization, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Fossati
- Foro Italico University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,NADO Italia, National Antidoping Organization, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Pigozzi
- Foro Italico University of Rome, Rome, Italy - .,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yannis Pitsiladis
- Foro Italico University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Centre for Stress and Age Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
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23
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Purwani D, Sulistiawati S, Purwanto B. Lower Level of Interleukin-6 and Hepcidin Found in Lower Density of Physical Exercise among Athlete During Pandemic of Covid-19. FOLIA MEDICA INDONESIANA 2021. [DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v57i2.23590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of Covid-19 affected entire daily human life worldwide, including sports activities among athletes. An athlete was pushed to suit their routine activities with a new health protocol for Covid-19 prevention. Some of them were programmed to train at home with a moderate density of exercise, but others were still in a high density of exercise. This study compared the serum level of hemoglobin (Hb), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and hepcidin among athletes with a high versus moderate exercise density training program during the pandemic. Thirty-four indoor soccer athletes of a soccer football school in Malang voluntarily registered as a subject. Half of them received moderate exercise density exercise programs, and others received high-density exercise programs during June-July 2020. Interleukin-6 and hepcidin level mean was found significantly lower in the moderate group compared to the high-density group. Hemoglobin level mean was found not different between those groups. The lower density of exercise influenced on IL-6 and hepcidin serum level of athlete, but not on hemoglobin level.
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24
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Leisterer S, Lautenbach F, Walter N, Kronenberg L, Elbe AM. Development of a Salutogenesis Workshop for SPPs to Help Them, Their Athletes, and the Athlete's Entourage Better Cope With Uncertainty During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:612264. [PMID: 34093305 PMCID: PMC8177668 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.612264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is also called a crisis of uncertainty because of so many unforeseeable events like canceled qualification competitions, loss of training facilities, and postponement of the Olympic games. Athletes and their entourage experience this uncertainty as stressful. Sport psychology practitioners (SPPs) are in a key position to support athletes in coping with these unforeseeable stressors. However, SPPs are similarly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and simultaneously have to cope with stress. Salutogenesis, which describes how to manage stress and to stay well, provides a theoretical approach to how to cope with uncertainty. The salutogenetic approach aims at strengthening individuals’ sense of coherence (SoC) and consists of three components, namely comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness. Although it is known that the SoC can be enhanced via psychological skills training, so far, this approach has not been systematically applied to the elite sport context. Athletes have been advised to see SPPs for help; thus, the question of how SPPs handle the time of uncertainty while supporting others emerges. The aim of this contribution was to outline how the salutogenetic approach can be applied to strengthening SPPs’ SoC via a single-day four-part workshop. Additionally, we applied the workshop to N = 26 volleyball coaches and evaluated the workshop’s effects on participants’ psychological aspects [i.e., the Sense of Coherence—Leipziger short version (SoC-L9), resilience (RS-13): coping with uncertainty, affective response, and stress via semantic differentials] and the workshop’s quality ratings (i.e., Quality Questionnaire for Sport Psychological Coaching, QS-17). The evaluation provides results that show a positive impact on a descriptive level of the participants’ SoC, uncertainty, affect, and stress perception; however, the results show no significant main effect of time [F(8, 10) = 1.04, p = 0.467, ηp2 = 0.454]. Workshop quality (on average, 3.60 ± 0.35 out of 4.00) and skill acquisition (on average, 3.00 ± 0.64 out of 4.00) were positively evaluated; 82.00% of the participants would use the learned tools in the future. Thus, we outline how this workshop might help strengthen SPPs’ SoC and at the same time empower them to strengthen their athletes’ SoC. Overall, we add a theoretical (i.e., salutogenesis in sports) and a practical perspective (i.e., coping techniques based on salutogenesis) on how to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic for SPPS, athletes, and their support network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Leisterer
- Department of Sport Psychology, Institute of Sport Psychology and Sport Pedagogy, Faculty of Sports Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Franziska Lautenbach
- Department of Sport Psychology, Institute of Sport Psychology and Sport Pedagogy, Faculty of Sports Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Sport Psychology, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadja Walter
- Department of Sport Psychology, Institute of Sport Psychology and Sport Pedagogy, Faculty of Sports Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lara Kronenberg
- Department of Sport Psychology, Institute of Sport Psychology and Sport Pedagogy, Faculty of Sports Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Elbe
- Department of Sport Psychology, Institute of Sport Psychology and Sport Pedagogy, Faculty of Sports Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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25
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Pranata R, Lim MA, Huang I, Yonas E, Henrina J, Vania R, Lukito AA, Nasution SA, Alwi I, Siswanto BB. Visceral adiposity, subcutaneous adiposity, and severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): Systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 43:163-168. [PMID: 34024509 PMCID: PMC8032475 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Body mass index (BMI) has previously been shown to increase mortality and disease severity in patients with COVID-19, but the pooled effect estimate was heterogeneous. Although BMI is widely used as an indicator, it cannot distinguish visceral from subcutaneous fat. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between visceral adiposity, subcutaneous fat, and severe COVID-19. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search using the databases: PubMed, Embase, and EuropePMC. Data on visceral fat area (VTA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), and total fat area (TFA) were collected. The outcome of interest was severe COVID-19. We used a REML random-effects model to pool the mean differences and odds ratio (OR). RESULTS There were 5 studies comprising of 539 patients. Patients with severe COVID-19 have a higher VTA (mean difference 41.7 cm2 [27.0, 56.4], p < 0.001; I2: 0%) and TFA (mean difference 64.6 cm2 [26.2, 103.1], p = 0.001; I2: 0%). There was no significant difference in terms of SFA between patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19 (mean difference 9.3 cm2 [-4.9, 23.4], p = 0.199; I2: 1.2%). Pooled ORs showed that VTA was associated with severe COVID-19 (OR 1.9 [1.1, 2.2], p = 0.002; I2: 49.3%). CONCLUSION Visceral adiposity was associated with increased COVID-19 severity, while subcutaneous adiposity was not. PROSPERO ID CRD42020215876.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Pranata
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia.
| | | | - Ian Huang
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.
| | - Emir Yonas
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas YARSI, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | | | - Rachel Vania
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia; Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.
| | - Antonia Anna Lukito
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village, Tangerang, Indonesia.
| | - Sally Aman Nasution
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/ Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Idrus Alwi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/ Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Bambang Budi Siswanto
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia.
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26
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Physical activity recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic: a practical approach for different target groups. NUTR HOSP 2021; 38:194-200. [PMID: 33371695 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ensuring health and well-being during this pandemic is essential according to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Physical exercise has an important role in the preservation of the immune system, which is vital to prevent infections. To promote physical exercise and maintain a healthy status, recent studies have suggested general exercise routines to be implemented during the quarantine period. However, to improve the health-related physical fitness components, any specific prescription should include intensity, volume, duration, and mode. Controversy persists about which is the best intensity of physical activity, while performing exercise at a moderate intensity could bring important benefits to asymptomatic people. High intensity or unaccustomed exercise should be restricted for older people, and for people of all ages with chronic diseases or compromised immune system, obesity, or upper respiratory tract infection with limited symptoms. Besides, physical activity guidelines should be particular to each population group, giving special consideration to those vulnerable to COVID-19 who are much more likely to suffer more self-isolation. Therefore, the present study is to provide specific physical activity recommendations for different populations during this pandemic.
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27
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Zoob Carter BN, Boardley ID, van de Ven K. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Male Strength Athletes Who Use Non-prescribed Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:636706. [PMID: 33828494 PMCID: PMC8019803 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.636706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: One sub-population potentially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic are strength athletes who use anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS). We examined links between disruption in AAS use and training due to the pandemic and mental health outcomes in this population, hypothesising: (a) the pandemic would be linked with reduced training and AAS use; and (b) athletes perceiving greater impact on their training and AAS use would report increases in detrimental mental health outcomes. Methods: Male strength athletes using AAS (N = 237) from 42 countries completed an online questionnaire in May 2020. A sub-sample (N = 90) from 20 countries participated again 4 months later. The questionnaire assessed pre-pandemic and current AAS use and training, alongside several mental health outcomes. Results: At Time 1, most participants perceived an impact of the pandemic on AAS use (91.1%) and/or training (57.8%). Dependent t-tests demonstrated significant reductions in training frequency (t = 7.78; p < 0.001) and AAS dose (t = 6.44; p < 0.001) compared to pre-pandemic. Linear regression showed the impact of the pandemic on training was a significant positive predictor of excessive body checking (B = 0.35) and mood swings (B = 0.26), and AAS dose was a significant positive predictor of anxiety (B = 0.67), insomnia (B = 0.52), mood swings (B = 0.37). At Time 2, fewer participants perceived an impact of the pandemic on AAS use (29.9%) and/or training (66.7%) than at Time 1. Training frequency (t = 3.02; p < 0.01) and AAS dose (t = 2.11; p < 0.05) were depressed in comparison to pre-pandemic. However, AAS dose had increased compared to Time 1 (t = 2.11; p < 0.05). Linear regression showed the impact of the pandemic on training/AAS use did not significantly predict any mental-health outcomes. However, AAS dose was a significant negative predictor of depressive thoughts (B = -0.83) and mood swings (B = -2.65). Conclusion: Our findings showed impact of the pandemic on the training and AAS use, reflected in reduced training frequency and AAS dose. However, whilst we detected some short-term consequential effects on mental health, these did not appear to be long-lasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barnaby N. Zoob Carter
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ian D. Boardley
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Katinka van de Ven
- Centre for Rural Criminology, School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
- Drug Policy Modelling Program, Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Human Enhancement Drugs Network, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
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Hermassi S, Sellami M, Salman A, Al-Mohannadi AS, Bouhafs EG, Hayes LD, Schwesig R. Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Satisfaction with Life in Qatar: A Preliminary Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3093. [PMID: 33802891 PMCID: PMC8002716 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of home confinement on physical activity (PA) and life satisfaction during the COVID-19 outbreak in Qatar. A total of 1144 subjects participated (male: n = 588; female: n = 556; age: 33.1 ± 11.1 years; mass: 76.1 ± 16.4 kg; height: 1.70 ± 0.11 m; body mass index (BMI): 26.1 ± 4.44 kg/m2). Online survey questions considered "before" and "during" confinement. Confinement reduced all PA intensities (ηp2 = 0.27-0.67, p < 0.001) and increased daily sitting time from 3.57 ± 1.47 to 6.32 ± 1.33 h per weekday (ηp2 = 0.67, p < 0.001). The largest reduction was detected for the sum parameter all physical activity (minutes per week, ηp2 = 0.67, p < 0.001; MET (metabolic equivalent of task)-minutes/week, ηp2 = 0.69, p < 0.001). Life satisfaction decreased, with the score for "I am satisfied with my life" (ηp2 = 0.76, p < 0.001) decreasing from 28.1 ± 4.81 to 14.2 ± 6.41 arbitrary units (AU). Concerning life satisfaction, the largest change was detected for the statement "the conditions of my life are excellent" (dmale = 7.93). For all parameters, time effects were indicative of large negative effects in both genders. In terms of magnitude, the difference between gender was greatest for the parameter "the conditions of my life are excellent" (difference between groups, d = 4.84). In conclusion, COVID-19 confinement decreased PA, increased sitting time, and decreased life satisfaction in Qatar. These precautionary findings explicate the risk of psychosocial impairment and the potential physical harm of reducing physical activity during early COVID-19 confinement in 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souhail Hermassi
- Physical Education Department, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Maha Sellami
- Physical Education Department, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Ahmad Salman
- Physical Education Department, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Abdulla S. Al-Mohannadi
- World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH), Qatar Foundation, Doha 5825, Qatar;
- Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha 29222, Qatar
| | - El Ghali Bouhafs
- Department of Sports Science, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany;
| | - Lawrence D. Hayes
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow G72 0LH, UK;
| | - René Schwesig
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany;
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Fiorilli G, Grazioli E, Buonsenso A, Di Martino G, Despina T, Calcagno G, di Cagno A. A national COVID-19 quarantine survey and its impact on the Italian sports community: Implications and recommendations. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248345. [PMID: 33720968 PMCID: PMC7959356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) created an international public health emergency, challenging the psychological resilience of the general population. Regarding this matter, a web-based survey was performed. Data were collected from the following 1,668 self-selected volunteers: 800 athletes (28.30 ± 10.93 years old); 558 coaches (36.91 ± 11.93 years old); and 310 sports managers (42.07 ± 13.38 years old). To assess the level of psychological stress, an Impact of the Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) questionnaire was used. The results indicated that 34.4% of the participants who were interviewed were affected by subjective distress while 26.4% rated their psychological impact from the sports activity interruption as severe. Separated one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests showed significant differences in the IES-R total score (TS), indicating that the level of stress in terms of gender revealed that women were more stressed than men (p = 0.000), for "sports roles" in which the manager and coaches were more stressed than the athletes (p < 0.05), and "type of sport" in which fitness and individual athletes were more stressed than team athletes (p < 0.01). The middle-level athletes showed significantly more hyperarousal levels than high-level athletes (p = 0.012). The results of this survey may raise awareness of this problem and help athletic associations to have appropriate guidelines in order to better sustain their memberships and organize an optimal resumption of their sports activities. Along these lines, social interactions, which are typical of team sports, are crucial to warrant resilience and psychological health. The athletes by managing independently the new rules and measures, thanks to a clear communication, could improve their adaptive stress reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Fiorilli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Elisa Grazioli
- Department of Motor, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Buonsenso
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giulia Di Martino
- Department of Motor, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
| | - Tsopani Despina
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Giuseppe Calcagno
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Alessandra di Cagno
- Department of Motor, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
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Lim MA, Kurniawan AA. Dreadful Consequences of Sarcopenia and Osteoporosis due to COVID-19 Containment. Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil 2021; 12:2151459321992746. [PMID: 33628613 PMCID: PMC7882759 DOI: 10.1177/2151459321992746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Anthonius Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia
- Eminence Sports Medicine and Human Performance Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Antonius Andi Kurniawan
- Eminence Sports Medicine and Human Performance Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Atmosudigdo IS, Pranata R, Lim MA, Henrina J, Yonas E, Vania R, Radi B. Dyslipidemia Increases the Risk of Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2021:S0973-6883(21)00027-X. [PMID: 33584063 PMCID: PMC7868769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether dyslipidemia affects the mortality and severity of COVID-19, we also aimed to evaluate whether other comorbidities influence the association. METHODS A systematic literature search using PubMed, Embase, and EuropePMC was performed on 8 October 2020. This study's main outcome is a poor composite outcome, comprising of mortality and severe COVID-19. RESULTS There were 9 studies with 3,663 patients. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in this pooled analysis was 18% (4%-32%). Dyslipidemia was associated with increased composite poor outcome (RR 1.39 [1.02, 1.88], p=0.010; I2: 56.7%, p=0.018). Subgroup analysis showed that dyslipidemia was associated with severe COVID-19 (RR 1.39 [1.03, 1.87], p=0.008; I2: 57.4%, p=0.029). Meta-regression showed that the association between dyslipidemia and poor outcome varies by age (coefficient: -0.04, p=0.033), male gender (coefficient: -0.03, p=0.042), and hypertension (coefficient: -0.02, p=0.033), but not diabetes (coefficient: -0.24, p=0.135) and cardiovascular diseases (coefficient: -0.01, p=0.506). Inverted funnel-plot was relatively symmetrical. Egger's test indicates that the pooled analysis was not statistically significant for small-study effects (p=0.206). CONCLUSION Dyslipidemia potentially increases mortality and severity of COVID-19. The association was stronger in patients with older age, male, and hypertension. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020213491.
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Key Words
- ACE2, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2
- BMI, Body Mass Index
- COVID-19
- COVID-19, Coronavirus Disease 2019
- CVD, Cardiovascular Diseases
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- MOOSE, Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology
- NOS, Newcastle Ottawa Scale
- RR, Risk Ratio
- TG, Triglycerides
- WHO, World Health Organization
- coronavirus
- dyslipidemia
- hyperlipidemia
- prognosis
- vLDL, very-low-density lipoprotein
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Affiliation(s)
- Indriwanto Sakidjan Atmosudigdo
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine Universitas Indonesia, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan
Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Raymond Pranata
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang,
Indonesia
| | | | | | - Emir Yonas
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas YARSI, Jakarta,
Indonesia
| | - Rachel Vania
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang,
Indonesia
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic, Department of
Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah General
Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Basuni Radi
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine Universitas Indonesia, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan
Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Lautenbach F, Leisterer S, Walter N, Kronenberg L, Manges T, Leis O, Pelikan V, Gebhardt S, Elbe AM. Amateur and Recreational Athletes' Motivation to Exercise, Stress, and Coping During the Corona Crisis. Front Psychol 2021; 11:611658. [PMID: 33584445 PMCID: PMC7873522 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.611658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted mobility worldwide. As a corollary, the health of top- and lower-level athletes alike is profoundly reliant on movement and exercise. Thus, the aim of this study is to understand impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on athletes' motivation to exercise and train. In detail, we aim to better understand who (i.e., demographic, sport-specific, and psychological state and trait variables) reported a change in motivation to train due to the lockdown, why they reported lower motivation (i.e., open-ended questions on problems), what they did to help themselves, what support they received from others, and what they are looking forward to after the lockdown (i.e., open questions). Questionnaire data and answers to these open-ended questions were assessed via an online questionnaire, completed by 95 amateur and recreational athletes during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Germany (April to mid-May 2020). Results show that greater numbers of female athletes are less motivated to train in comparison to male athletes (p = 0.029). No differences in motivation were found regarding type of sport (individual vs. team sport) and number of competitions during the year. Also, more motivated to train amateur and recreational athletes showed lower athletic identity than athletes who reported no change in motivation to exercise during the lockdown (p = 0.03). Additionally, differences in state emotional, perceived stress, and personality variables (i.e., orientation to happiness, volition) were found between athletes who stated that they were less motivated to train compared to athletes who reported no changes in motivation. In particular, closure of sports facilities and social distancing measures were perceived to be highly problematic. Even though athletes received emotional support, organized themselves via routines and schedules, and trained using online tools, they predominately stated that they wished that their coaches would have supported them more. Understanding the impacts of a pandemic-related lockdown on athletes' motivation, athletes' coping strategies, and their desired support will help better support them in future crises.
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Lim MA, Pranata R. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) markedly increased mortality in patients with hip fracture - A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2021; 12:187-193. [PMID: 32958988 PMCID: PMC7495188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its impact on mortality in patients with hip fracture. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed, Cochrane Central Database, and medRvix from inception up to July 13, 2020 on research articles that enrolled hip fracture patients who had information on COVID-19 and clinically validated definition of death. RESULTS A total of 984 participants from 6 studies were included in our study. The pooled prevalence of COVID-19 was 9% [95% CI: 7-11%]. The mortality rate in patients with concomitant hip fracture and COVID-19 was found to be 36% (95% CI: 26-47%), whereas the mortality rate in hip fracture without COVID-19 is 2% (95% CI: 1-3%). Meta-analysis showed that COVID-19 was associated with a seven-fold increase in risk (RR 7.45 [95% CI: 2.72, 20.43], p < 0.001; I2: 68.6%) of mortality in patients with hip fracture. Regression-based Harbord's test showed no indication of small-study effects (p = 0.06). CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis showed that COVID-19 increased the risk of mortality in patients with hip fracture. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered with PROSPERO, July 21, 2020, number CRD42020199618. Available from https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020199618.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Anthonius Lim
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia.
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Lim MA, Mulyadi Ridia KG, Pranata R. Epidemiological pattern of orthopaedic fracture during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2020; 16:16-23. [PMID: 33398227 PMCID: PMC7773000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2020.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed evaluate the 30-day mortality, number and site of fracture, mechanism of injury, and location where injury was sustained during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search from PubMed and Embase on original articles, research letters, and short reports which have data about the number of fractures, site of fracture, mechanism of injury, location where injury was sustained, percentage of operative intervention, mortality during the pandemic compared to a specified period of time before the pandemic. The search was finalized in October 14, 2020. RESULTS A total of 11,936 participants from 16 studies were included in our study. The pooled analysis indicated a higher 30-days mortality associated with fractures during the pandemic (9% vs 4%, OR 1.86 [1.05, 3.27], p = 0.03; I2: 36%, p = 0.15). The number of fractures presenting to hospitals has declined 43% (35-50%) compared to pre-pandemic. Hand fracture was fewer during the pandemic (18% vs 23%, OR 0.75 [0.58, 0.97], p = 0.03; I2: 69%, p = 0.002). Work-related traumas, high-energy falls, and domestic accidents were more common during the pandemic, while sports-related traumas were found to be less. Injuries that occurred in the sports area were lower than before the pandemic. CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis showed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of fractures has decreased, but there is a higher mortality rate associated with fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Anthonius Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia,Corresponding author.
| | - Ketut Gede Mulyadi Ridia
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Raymond Pranata
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia
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di Cagno A, Buonsenso A, Baralla F, Grazioli E, Di Martino G, Lecce E, Calcagno G, Fiorilli G. Psychological Impact of the Quarantine-Induced Stress during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak among Italian Athletes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17238867. [PMID: 33260584 PMCID: PMC7730741 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak caused home confinement, as well as training and sport competitions withdrawals. The prolonged inactivity impact, and lack of in-person interactions among teammates-coaches, could negatively affect athletes. Total of 1508 self-selected Italian athletes, 338 children (aged 10.52 ± 1.31), 499 adolescents (aged 14.17 ± 1.13), and 671 adults (aged 27.59 ± 10.73), completed the Impact of Event Scale (IES-8, IES-15, and IES-R, respectively). Differences by gender, type of sport (individual vs. team), and competitive level (elite vs. amateur) were examined. One-way ANOVAs showed, in adults, significant differences between genders for perceived stress impact total score (TS; p = 0.017) and avoidance behavior, with higher scores in women (p = 0.045). Between individual and team sport, significant differences were found in TS (p = 0.038) and hyperarousal (p = 0.030), with higher results in individual. Adult elite athletes showed significantly higher scores in hyperarousal (p = 0.020) than amateurs. Significant differences were found between gender in adolescents for avoidance (p = 0.011), and between competitive levels in children, for intrusion (p = 0.020). These evidences may raise awareness on distress effects of COVID-19 lockdown among athletes and suggested applying specific well-being protocols during the activity resumption, considering gender, type of sport, and competitive level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra di Cagno
- Department of Motor, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Lauro de Bosis Square, 15, 00197 Rome, Italy; (A.d.C.); (E.G.); (G.D.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Andrea Buonsenso
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, v. De Sanctis 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.B.); (F.B.); (G.F.)
| | - Francesca Baralla
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, v. De Sanctis 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.B.); (F.B.); (G.F.)
| | - Elisa Grazioli
- Department of Motor, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Lauro de Bosis Square, 15, 00197 Rome, Italy; (A.d.C.); (E.G.); (G.D.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Giulia Di Martino
- Department of Motor, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Lauro de Bosis Square, 15, 00197 Rome, Italy; (A.d.C.); (E.G.); (G.D.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Edoardo Lecce
- Department of Motor, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Lauro de Bosis Square, 15, 00197 Rome, Italy; (A.d.C.); (E.G.); (G.D.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Calcagno
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, v. De Sanctis 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.B.); (F.B.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-347-348-1347
| | - Giovanni Fiorilli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, v. De Sanctis 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.B.); (F.B.); (G.F.)
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Fröberg A. How children and young people can stay physically active during the novel coronavirus pandemic while take into account safety measures and precautions. Health Promot Perspect 2020; 10:295-299. [PMID: 33312924 PMCID: PMC7722993 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2020.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak has caused major public concern and posed challenges to societies across the globe. The COVID-19 pandemic might have implications for health-related behaviors, such as physical activity, among people in different age groups. Lately, a number of papers have offered suggestions and recommendations on how to stay physically active during the novel coronavirus pandemic while take into account safety measures and precautions. Many of these suggestions and recommendations might be relevant for health professionals and health practitioners working to facilitate physical activity, health, and well-being among children and young people. In light of the COVID-19pandemic, this paper provides an overview of (a) suggestions and recommendations on physical activities; and (b) safety measures and precautions while being physically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Fröberg
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg. Pedagogen, Hus C, Läroverksgatan 5, PO Box 300, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Lukito AA, Pranata R, Henrina J, Lim MA, Lawrensia S, Suastika K. The Effect of Metformin Consumption on Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020; 14:2177-2183. [PMID: 33395778 PMCID: PMC7657016 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Diabetes is one of the most common comorbidities, and it is associated with poorer outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Preliminary findings showed that mortality was reduced in those who consume metformin compared to those who did not, and given its low cost and widespread availability; metformin is an attractive and potential agent to mitigate excessive risk in diabetic populations. METHODS Several medical databases (Pubmed, EuropePMC, EBSCOhost, Proquest, Cochrane library) and two health-science preprint servers (preprint.org and Medrxiv) were systematically searched for relevant literature. RESULTS Nine studies with 10,233 subjects were included in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis. Meta-analysis showed that metformin is associated with lower mortality in pooled non-adjusted model (OR 0.45 [0.25, 0.81], p = 0.008; I2: 63.9%, p = 0.026) and pooled adjusted model (OR 0.64 [0.43, 0.97], p = 0.035; I2: 52.1%, p = 0.064). CONCLUSION The analysis showed that metformin consumption was associated with lower mortality. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Anna Lukito
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village, Tangerang, Indonesia.
| | - Raymond Pranata
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia.
| | | | - Michael Anthonius Lim
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village, Tangerang, Indonesia.
| | | | - Ketut Suastika
- Head, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.
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Lim MA, Pranata R. The Danger of Sedentary Lifestyle in Diabetic and Obese People During the COVID-19 Pandemic. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND DIABETES 2020; 13:1179551420964487. [PMID: 33149717 PMCID: PMC7580185 DOI: 10.1177/1179551420964487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Anthonius Lim
- Michael Anthonius Lim, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang 15811, Indonesia.
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Schippers MC. For the Greater Good? The Devastating Ripple Effects of the Covid-19 Crisis. Front Psychol 2020; 11:577740. [PMID: 33132987 PMCID: PMC7550468 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.577740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As the crisis around Covid-19 evolves, it becomes clear that there are numerous negative side-effects of the lockdown strategies implemented by many countries. Currently, more evidence becomes available that the lockdowns may have more negative effects than positive effects. For instance, many measures taken in a lockdown aimed at protecting human life may compromise the immune system, and purpose in life, especially of vulnerable groups. This leads to the paradoxical situation of compromising the immune system and physical and mental health of many people, including the ones we aim to protect. Also, it is expected that hundreds of millions of people will die from hunger and postponed medical treatments. Other side effects include financial insecurity of billions of people, physical and mental health problems, and increased inequalities. The economic and health repercussions of the crisis will be falling disproportionately on young workers, low-income families and women, and thus exacerbate existing inequalities. As the virus outbreak and media coverage spread fear and anxiety, superstition, cognitive dissonance reduction and conspiracy theories are ways to find meaning and reduce anxiety. These behavioral aspects may play a role in the continuance of lockdown decisions. Based on theories regarding agnotology (i.e., the ways ignorance or doubt about certain topics is created by means of withholding or presenting information in a certain way), social influence, superstition and stress and coping, I seek to explain the social and behavioral aspects of human behavior in times of crises. Both the Covid-19 crisis itself as well as the resulting economic and (mental) health crisis are global problems that may require global solutions. I present a model of drivers and outcomes of lockdown behaviors and offer suggestions and a tool to counteract the negative psychological effects by means of online life crafting therapeutic writing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaéla C. Schippers
- Department of Technology and Operations Management, Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Analysis of Self-Concept in Adolescents before and during COVID-19 Lockdown: Differences by Gender and Sports Activity. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12187792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An appeal has been issued to the scientific community to investigate physical, mental and emotional states, and pro-social behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, this study aims to investigate adolescents’ self-concept before and during a lockdown period in relation to gender and type/amount of physical activity or sports. The pre-lockdown sample of 366 adolescents were aged 13–17 years (M = 15.51 ± 0.65), of whom 192 (52.5%) were females and 174 (47.5%) were males. During the lockdown, the age range of the sample was 13–17 years (M = 14.57 ± 1.47), of whom 82 (60.3%) were females, and 54 (39.7%) were males. The Form-5 Self-concept Questionnaire (AF-5) was used to measure adolescents’ self-concept. There was a reduction in adolescents’ overall self-concept during the COVID-19 pandemic, which was positively associated with emotional well-being, with family and peers being essential factors in the development of an appropriate self-concept. Furthermore, girls’ self-concept, especially academic self-concept, was higher than that of boys during the lockdown. However, both physical and emotional self-concept were higher for boys than girls before the COVID-19 lockdown, although no differences were found during the lockdown. The findings reveal that physical activity was positively correlated to self-concept before and during the COVID-19 lockdown.
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Lim MA, Pranata R. Teleorthopedic: A Promising Option During and After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic. Front Surg 2020; 7:62. [PMID: 33005624 PMCID: PMC7485288 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2020.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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