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Gulubova M, Chonov D, Aleksandrova E, Ivanova K, Ignatova MM, Vlaykova T. Interleukin-6-Positive Immune Cells as a Possible New Immunologic Marker Associated With the Colorectal Cancer Prognosis. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2024; 32:233-243. [PMID: 38712586 PMCID: PMC11073565 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation creates tumor microenvironment (TME) that facilitates colorectal cancer (CRC) cell proliferation, migration, metastasis, and tumor progression. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a proinflammatory cytokine with a pleiotropic effect on CRC development. We aimed to evaluate IL-6 expression in tumor cells and in immune cells in TME, to assess the serum level and IL6 -174 G/C genotype distribution and to correlate the results with selected morphologic and clinical parameters that may add useful information in understanding the mechanisms of human CRC progression. A total of 153 patients with CRC were recruited in the current study. We assessed the IL-6 serum concentration through the ELISA method, the expression of IL-6 in tumor and in immune cells by immunohistochemical and double immunofluorescence staining, the MSI status by immunоhistochemistry for 4 mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, and the genotype distributions for IL6 -174G/C (rs1800795) single-nucleotide polymorphism through PCR-RFLP method. Our results showed that serum IL-6 level were increased in CRC patients as compared with healthy controls (P<0.0001), and in patients with cancers with advanced histologic type (type IV). However, the higher concentration (above the median of 55.71 pg/mL) was with borderline association with longer survival of the patients after surgical therapy (P=0.055, Log rank test). We also found that IL-6+ immune cells prevailed in the invasive front (IF) of tumors compared with the tumor stroma (TS) (P<0.0001). More IL-6+ cells were recruited in the tumors with less advanced histologic type (I+II), with stronger inflammatory infiltrate in the IF, in early pTNM stages (I+II), without lymph node and distant metastases and the higher levels of IL-6+ cells, especially in the IF, were associated with longer survival (P=0.012). The results of our study suggest that although the serum levels of IL-6 are higher in CRC, the increased IL-6+ cells in tumor microenvironment, both in the invasive front and in tumor stroma, as well as the higher serum levels are associated with good prognostic variables and longer survival of the patients mainly in the early stages of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Gulubova
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology
- Department of Surgery
| | - Dimitur Chonov
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Elina Aleksandrova
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embriology, Pathology, Latin language, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Faculty of Medicine, University Prof. Dr. Assen Zlatarov, Burgas
| | - Koni Ivanova
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology
| | | | - Tatyana Vlaykova
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embriology, Pathology, Latin language, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Faculty of Medicine, University Prof. Dr. Assen Zlatarov, Burgas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Shateri Z, Makhtoomi M, Mansouri F, Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi M, Nouri M, Rashidkhani B. The association between empirical dietary inflammatory pattern and colorectal cancer risk: a case-control study. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:136. [PMID: 37996874 PMCID: PMC10666418 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00797-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in Iran. Inflammation plays an essential role in developing CRC. A dietary pattern called the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) has recently been designed based on the inflammatory potential of the diet. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of EDIP on the risk of CRC. METHODS The current case-control study was conducted on 142 controls and 71 CRC cases in three general hospitals and Hospital Cancer Organization in Tehran, Iran. We calculated EDIP by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The association between EDIP and CRC were evaluated by logistic regression. The level of significance was p < 0.05. RESULTS The results revealed that people who were in the highest tertile of the EDIP had higher odds of CRC (in the adjusted model: odds ratio (OR) = 3.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.38-10.14; P = 0.011). CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated the potential role of dietary-induced inflammation in developing CRC. In the current study, an increase in the intake of red meat, processed meats, and refined grains was observed in the higher EDIP tertiles compared to the lower tertiles. Consequently, to decrease the risk of CRC, it is recommended to reduce the consumption of these foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Shateri
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Maede Makhtoomi
- Students' Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mansouri
- Students' Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi
- Students' Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Students' Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahram Rashidkhani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang JW, Wang HL, Liu Q, Hu K, Yuan Q, Huang SK, Wan JH. L1CAM expression in either metastatic brain lesion or peripheral blood is correlated with peripheral platelet count in patients with brain metastases from lung cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:990762. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.990762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSystemic immune-inflammation states across the heterogeneous population of brain metastases from lung cancer are very important, especially in the context of complex brain-immune bidirectional communication. Previous studies from our team and others have shown that the L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is deeply involved in the aggressive phenotype, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and metastasis during multiple malignancies, which may lead to an unfavorable outcome. However, little is known about the relationship between the L1CAM expression and the systemic immune-inflammation macroenvironment beyond the TME in brain metastases from lung cancer.MethodsTwo cohorts of patients with brain metastases from lung cancer admitted to the National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, were studied in the present research. The L1CAM expression in cranial metastatic lesions by immunohistochemistry was explored in patients treated with neurosurgical resection, whereas the L1CAM expression in peripheral blood by ELISA was tested in patients treated with non-surgical antitumor management. Furthermore, based on peripheral blood cell counts in the CBC test, six systemic immune-inflammation biomarkers [neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, platelet count, systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio] were calculated. Then, the relationship between the L1CAM expression and these systemic immune-inflammation biomarkers was analyzed. In addition, these systemic immune-inflammation biomarkers were also used to compare the systemic immune-inflammation states in two cohorts of patients with brain metastases from lung cancer.ResultsPositive L1CAM expressions in the metastatic brain lesions were accompanied with significantly increased peripheral platelet counts in patients treated with neurosurgical tumor resection (P < 0.05). Similarly, in patients treated with non-surgical antitumor management, L1CAM expressions in the peripheral blood were positively correlated with peripheral platelet counts (P < 0.05). In addition, patients prepared for neurosurgical tumor resection were presented with poorer systemic immune-inflammation states in comparison with the one with non-surgical antitumor management, which was characterized by a significant increase in peripheral neutrophil counts (P < 0.01), SII (P < 0.05), and NLR (P < 0.05) levels.ConclusionThe L1CAM expression in either the metastatic brain lesion or peripheral blood is positively correlated with the peripheral platelet count in patients with brain metastases from lung cancer. In addition, brain metastases that are prepared for neurosurgical tumor resection show poor systemic immune-inflammation states.
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Wang J, Hu K, Qian H, Yuan Q, Liu Q, Ma C, Shao L, Wan J. Systemic immune‐inflammation landscape in brain metastasis needing neurosurgical resection: Analysis of 230 consecutive cases in a single center. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e694. [PMID: 36169253 PMCID: PMC9449592 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic immune‐inflammation states across the heterogeneous population of brain metastases are very important in the context of brain‐immune bidirectional communication, especially among the patients needing neurosurgical resection. Four blood cell ratios based on complete blood count (CBC) test serving as prognostic biomarkers have been highlighted by previous studies, including systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII), neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio (LMR). However, the presurgical systemic immune‐inflammation landscape in brain metastasis needing neurosurgical resection is limited. Methods Patients with brain metastases admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery at the National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between January 2016 and December 2019 were included. Based on peripheral blood cell counts in CBC test before neurosurgical resection, four systemic immune‐inflammation biomarkers (SII, NLR, PLR, and LMR) were calculated. We characterized the changes of SII, NLR, PLR, and LMR in patients with brain metastasis before neurosurgical resection and the associations of these types of immune‐inflammation states with patient demographics. In parallel, the corresponding data from the relative healthy populations without systemic diseases were enrolled as the control in the present study. Results Brain metastases induced systemic immune‐inflammation perturbation, which was characterized by a significant increase in SII (p < .01) and NLR levels (p < .01) and a significant decrease in the LMR level (p < .01) in comparison with the healthy control group. Moreover, patients with male gender, less Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) scores (<70), specific pathological subtypes, extracranial transfer, and history of both systemic and radiation therapy may have significant differences in one or more of these biomarkers, which indicated poorer systemic immune‐inflammation states. Conclusions This study provides evidence that brain metastasis is associated with perturbations in presurgical systemic immune‐inflammation states. We should pay attention to the systemic immune‐inflammation perturbations following brain metastasis in clinic, especially in the subpopulations with high risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Hai‐Peng Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University Hefei People's Republic of China
| | - Liujiazi Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Jing‐Hai Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing People's Republic of China
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Bouras E, Karhunen V, Gill D, Huang J, Haycock PC, Gunter MJ, Johansson M, Brennan P, Key T, Lewis SJ, Martin RM, Murphy N, Platz EA, Travis R, Yarmolinsky J, Zuber V, Martin P, Katsoulis M, Freisling H, Nøst TH, Schulze MB, Dossus L, Hung RJ, Amos CI, Ahola-Olli A, Palaniswamy S, Männikkö M, Auvinen J, Herzig KH, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Lehtimäki T, Salomaa V, Raitakari O, Salmi M, Jalkanen S, Jarvelin MR, Dehghan A, Tsilidis KK. Circulating inflammatory cytokines and risk of five cancers: a Mendelian randomization analysis. BMC Med 2022; 20:3. [PMID: 35012533 PMCID: PMC8750876 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological and experimental evidence has linked chronic inflammation to cancer aetiology. It is unclear whether associations for specific inflammatory biomarkers are causal or due to bias. In order to examine whether altered genetically predicted concentration of circulating cytokines are associated with cancer development, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis. METHODS Up to 31,112 individuals of European descent were included in genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses of 47 circulating cytokines. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly associated with the cytokines, located in or close to their coding gene (cis), were used as instrumental variables. Inverse-variance weighted MR was used as the primary analysis, and the MR assumptions were evaluated in sensitivity and colocalization analyses and a false discovery rate (FDR) correction for multiple comparisons was applied. Corresponding germline GWAS summary data for five cancer outcomes (breast, endometrial, lung, ovarian, and prostate), and their subtypes were selected from the largest cancer-specific GWASs available (cases ranging from 12,906 for endometrial to 133,384 for breast cancer). RESULTS There was evidence of inverse associations of macrophage migration inhibitory factor with breast cancer (OR per SD = 0.88, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.94), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist with endometrial cancer (0.86, 0.80 to 0.93), interleukin-18 with lung cancer (0.87, 0.81 to 0.93), and beta-chemokine-RANTES with ovarian cancer (0.70, 0.57 to 0.85) and positive associations of monokine induced by gamma interferon with endometrial cancer (3.73, 1.86 to 7.47) and cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine with lung cancer (1.51, 1.22 to 1.87). These associations were similar in sensitivity analyses and supported in colocalization analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our study adds to current knowledge on the role of specific inflammatory biomarker pathways in cancer aetiology. Further validation is needed to assess the potential of these cytokines as pharmacological or lifestyle targets for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Bouras
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ville Karhunen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Mathematical Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Dipender Gill
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK
- Clinical Pharmacology Group, Pharmacy and Medicines Directorate, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Section, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philip C Haycock
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomics Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomics Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah J Lewis
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Neil Murphy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ruth Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James Yarmolinsky
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Verena Zuber
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Paul Martin
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Michail Katsoulis
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK, London, UK
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nutehtal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Laure Dossus
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Ari Ahola-Olli
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saranya Palaniswamy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Minna Männikkö
- Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Auvinen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Marko Salmi
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK.
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Hepatoprotective Effects of (-) Epicatechin in CCl 4-Induced Toxicity Model Are Mediated via Modulation of Oxidative Stress Markers in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2021:4655150. [PMID: 34976093 PMCID: PMC8716200 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4655150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective (−) Epicatechin (EP) is a naturally occurring antioxidant flavonoid found in some green plants. The current study was designed to evaluate the potential role of antioxidant mechanisms in the hepatoprotective properties of EP using the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury model. Materials and Methods Rats (n = 7 per group) were divided into five groups including control group, (−) epicatechin group (20 mg·kg−1 body weight), CCl4 group (1 mL−1 body weight), CCl4-EP treatment group, and CCl4-silymarin (SILY) group. The levels of enzymes including hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) were analyzed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Histological studies were performed on all groups to assess the regenerative effects of test sample and compare it with the control group. Results Test compound EP and standard drug silymarin (SILY) considerably reduced liver function enzyme levels in the blood, which were raised by CCl4 administration, and increased serum albumin and total protein (TP) concentrations. The hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) level was considerably declined, whereas glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) levels were upregulated in the EC-treated groups. The hepatoprotective results of the study were further confirmed via the histological assessments, which indicated a regeneration of the damaged hepatic tissue in treated rats. Conclusions The results of this study revealed a significant protective efficacy of EP against CCl4-induced liver injury, which was potentially mediated via upregulation of antioxidant enzymes and direct scavenging effects of the compound against free radicals.
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Gao Y, Byrd DA, Prizment A, Lazovich D, Bostick RM. Associations of Novel Lifestyle- and Whole Foods-Based Inflammation Scores with Incident Colorectal Cancer Among Women. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1356-1369. [PMID: 34296959 PMCID: PMC9281615 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1952629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation, associated with lifestyle and dietary factors, may contribute to colorectal carcinogenesis. To address this, we investigated associations of previously validated, inflammation biomarker panel-weighted, novel, 4-component lifestyle (LIS) and 19-component predominately whole foods-based dietary (DIS) inflammation scores with incident colorectal cancer (CRC) in the prospective Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS; 1986-2012; n = 34,254, of whom 1,632 developed CRC). METHODS We applied the published scores' components' weights, summed the weighted components to constitute the scores (higher scores reflect a higher balance of pro-inflammatory exposures), and investigated LIS- and DIS-CRC associations using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS The multivariable-adjusted hazards ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for CRC among participants in the highest relative to the lowest LIS and DIS quintiles were 1.47 (1.26, 1.72; Ptrend < 0.01) and 1.07 (0.91, 1.25; Ptrend = 0.22), respectively. The corresponding findings for distal colon cancers were HR 1.78 (1.29, 2.47) and HR 1.34 (0.98, 1.84), respectively. Among those in the highest relative to the lowest joint LIS/DIS quintile, the HR for CRC was 1.60 (95% CI 1.30, 1.98). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that a more pro-inflammatory lifestyle, alone and jointly with a more pro-inflammatory diet, may be associated with higher CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasheen Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Doratha A. Byrd
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Anna Prizment
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - DeAnn Lazovich
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Roberd M. Bostick
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Rossi JF, Lu ZY, Massart C, Levon K. Dynamic Immune/Inflammation Precision Medicine: The Good and the Bad Inflammation in Infection and Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:595722. [PMID: 33708198 PMCID: PMC7940508 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.595722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal or “good” inflammation process starts from a local cellular response against injury or any infectious agent, with the activation of neutrophils, macrophages, Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, and innate immune cells. Cytokines and chemokines are produced to amplify the local inflammatory process followed by the migration of immune cells to the regional lymph nodes where adaptive immune response is initiated. Systemic inflammation enhances the biological response to mobilize additional cells from central and peripheral immune/hematopoietic system. Local mechanisms to limit inflammation are initiated and lead to healing. During the normal inflammatory process, there is a balance between the production of inflammatory chemokines/cytokines such as Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1 and the production of compounds that limit inflammation and have an immune suppressive effect, such as IL-10 and Transforming Factor (TGF) β. IL-6 and IL-6/soluble IL-6 Receptor (R) complex stimulate liver cells to produce inflammatory proteins, which represents the systemic inflammation response. The magnitude and the duration of the systemic inflammatory response are linked to the cause, under genetic and epigenetic control. Significant inflammation as seen in septic shock, in severe forms of infections or in certain active cancers, represents the “bad inflammation”, correlated with a poor prognosis. In addition, the persistence of a chronic smoldering inflammation may lead to pathological situations which are observed in the majority of inflammatory, degenerative, dysmetabolic, or dysimmune diseases and cancer. Chronic smoldering inflammation is a cross between different pathological situations possibly linked. In addition, within the tumor microenvironment, inflammatory process results from different cellular mechanisms modulated by metabolic and vascular changes. On the contrary, a limited and balanced inflammation initiates the normal immune response, including the adaptive response which amplifies any immunotherapy, including vaccines. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells are associated with cytokine release syndrome, a clinical risk leading to the use of anti-cytokine drugs. Nowadays, it is time to monitor the dynamic inflammatory process for a better immune precision medicine in both infections and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Rossi
- Hématologie-Immunothérapie, Institut du Cancer Avignon-Provence, Sainte Catherine, Avignon, France.,Faculté de médecine Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Zhao Yang Lu
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, CHU Montpellier Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Kalle Levon
- New York University (NYU) Tandon School of Engineering, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
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9
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Li X, Wei Z, Wang X, Duan F, Xiong L, Li J, Tian J, Jia L, Gao H. Premna microphylla Turcz leaf pectin exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Food Chem 2021; 349:129164. [PMID: 33550022 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Premna microphylla turcz leaf juice with polysaccharides (PMPs) as its main component, are raw material of jelly-like Chinese traditional food "Guanyin tofu", which were also experiencedly used to relieve inflammation-related symptoms. Here three kinds of PMPs were extracted in alkaline (APMP), water (WPMP) and acidic (HPMP) conditions, being characteristic of RG I, high- and low-methoxyl HG pectin, respectively, in amorphous form with diverse surface microstructures, among which APMP predominantly composed of Glucose instead of galacturonic acid, showing wider molecular weight distribution and more branched chains. PMPs showed remarkable radical scavenging capability, and especially APMP at concentrations above 50 μg/mL effectively inhibited the reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, by enhancing enzymatic activities of endogenous superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, and accordingly alleviated inflammatory cytokines. Thus, PMPs could be promising non-toxic natural dietary supplement to improve chronic inflammation-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Zeliang Wei
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xingyue Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Feixia Duan
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
| | - Lidan Xiong
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 5, Gong Xing Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Lirong Jia
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
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10
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Byrd DA, Judd S, Flanders WD, Hartman TJ, Fedirko V, Bostick RM. Associations of Novel Dietary and Lifestyle Inflammation Scores with Incident, Sporadic Colorectal Adenoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:2300-2308. [PMID: 32856603 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal carcinogenesis is mechanistically linked to inflammation and is highly associated with diet and lifestyle factors that may affect chronic inflammation. We previously developed dietary (DIS) and lifestyle (LIS) inflammation scores, comprising inflammation biomarker-weighted components, to characterize the collective contributions of 19 food groups and four lifestyle exposures to systemic inflammation. Both scores were more strongly directly associated with circulating inflammation biomarkers in three validation populations, including a subset of the study population described below, than were the previously reported dietary inflammatory index and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern. METHODS We calculated the DIS and LIS in three pooled case-control studies of incident, sporadic colorectal adenoma (N = 765 cases and 1,986 controls) with extensive dietary and lifestyle data, and investigated their associations with adenoma using multivariable unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS For those in the highest (more proinflammatory) relative to the lowest (more anti-inflammatory) quintiles of the DIS and LIS, the multivariable-adjusted ORs were 1.31 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.98-1.75; P trend = 0.09] and 1.98 (95% CI, 1.48-2.66; P trend < 0.001), respectively. These associations were strongest for adenomas with high-risk characteristics and among men. Those in the highest relative to the lowest joint DIS/LIS quintile had a 2.65-fold higher odds (95% CI, 1.77-3.95) of colorectal adenoma. CONCLUSIONS These results support that diets and lifestyles with higher balances of pro- to anti-inflammatory exposures may be associated with higher risk for incident, sporadic colorectal adenoma. IMPACT Our findings support further investigation of the DIS and LIS in relation to colorectal neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doratha A Byrd
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Suzanne Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - W Dana Flanders
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Terryl J Hartman
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Roberd M Bostick
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia. .,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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11
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Wang Y, Li G. Effects of S-1 combined with palliative care on immune function and quality of life of patients with advanced stomach cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2021-2027. [PMID: 32724449 PMCID: PMC7377188 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of S-1 combined with palliative care (PC) on the immune function and quality of life (QOL) of patients with advanced stomach cancer (ASC). In this prospective study, 168 patients with ASC admitted to our hospital from September 2016 to March 2018 were enrolled as research objects. Seventy-seven cases were treated with S-1 alone (single drug group, SDG), while another 91 cases were treated with S-1 combined with PC (combined drug group, CDG). The effects of the two therapeutic methods on the efficacy [overall response rate (ORR)], 1-year overall survival rate (OSR), safety, negative emotions, nutritional indices, QOL, and immune function indices of patients were analyzed. After treatment, ORR, OSR, levels of nutritional indices [albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PA), and transferrin (TF)], and QOL improvement rate in the CDG were significantly higher than those in the SDG (P<0.05). After treatment, compared with those in the SDG, patients in the CDG had a lower Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) score, Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) score, and number of adverse reactions (P<0.05), and significantly improved immune function indices (CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+) (P<0.05). S-1 combined with PC treatment was superior to S-1 treatment alone in patients with ASC. The patients treated with the combination exhibited improved efficacy (a higher ORR), higher QOL, and improved immune function, and thus this treatment can be clinically popularized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Guozhong Li
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
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12
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Byrd DA, Judd SE, Flanders WD, Hartman TJ, Fedirko V, Agurs-Collins T, Bostick RM. Associations of Novel Dietary and Lifestyle Inflammation Scores With Incident Colorectal Cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2020; 4:pkaa009. [PMID: 32455332 PMCID: PMC7236782 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronically higher inflammation, likely contributed to by dietary and lifestyle exposures, may increase risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). To address this, we investigated associations of novel dietary (DIS) and lifestyle (LIS) inflammation scores with incident CRC in the prospective National Institutes of Health–American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study (N = 453 465). Methods The components of our previously developed and externally validated 19-component DIS and 4-component LIS were weighted based on their strengths of associations with a panel of circulating inflammation biomarker concentrations in a diverse subset (N = 639) of participants in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study cohort. We calculated the components and applied their weights in the National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons cohort at baseline, summed the weighted components (higher scores reflect a higher balance of proinflammatory exposures), and investigated associations of the scores with incident CRC using Cox proportional hazards regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Over a mean 13.5 years of follow-up, 10 336 participants were diagnosed with CRC. Among those in the highest relative to the lowest DIS and LIS quintiles, the multivariable-adjusted hazards ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were HR = 1.27 (95% CI = 1.19 to 1.35; Ptrend < .001) and 1.38 (95% CI = 1.30 to 1.48; Ptrend < .001), respectively. The associations were stronger among men and for colon cancers. The hazards ratio for those in the highest relative to the lowest joint DIS and LIS quintile was HR = 1.83 (95% CI = 1.68 to 1.99; Pinteraction < .001). Conclusions Aggregates of proinflammatory dietary and lifestyle exposures may be associated with higher risk for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doratha A Byrd
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Suzanne E Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - W Dana Flanders
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Terryl J Hartman
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Roberd M Bostick
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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13
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Ye J, Luo QY, Wang XP, Liu ZY, Chen MX, Huang H, Zhang L. Serum Apolipoprotein A-I Combined With C-Reactive Protein Serves As A Novel Prognostic Stratification System For Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:9265-9276. [PMID: 31802946 PMCID: PMC6826184 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s215599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Noninvasive prognostic tools for colorectal cancer (CRC) are urgently needed. This study was designed to investigate the prognostic value of preoperative serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations (including ApoA-I, Apo-B, HDL-C, LDL-C, TC and TG) and CRP levels retrospectively in CRC patients. Methods Preoperative serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations (including ApoA-I, Apo-B, HDL-C, LDL-C, TC and TG) and CRP levels were analyzed retrospectively in 250 patients with CRC. The prognostic significance of these indexes was determined by univariate and multivariate Cox hazard models. Results CRC patients with higher levels of ApoA-I and HDL-C and lower levels of CRP had significantly longer overall survival (OS, log rank test, p<0.05). Based on univariate analysis, ApoA-I levels (p=0.002), CRP levels (p=0.007), HDL-C levels (p=0.005), pT classification (p=0.005), pN classification (p<0.001), pM classification (p<0.001) and pTNM stage (p<0.001) were significantly associated with OS. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that ApoA-I levels (HR: 1.52, p=0.023), CRP levels (HR: 1.85, p=0.035) and pTNM stage (HR: 2.53, p< 0.001) were independent predictors of CRC survival. The included patients were then stratified into three tiers based on the ApoA-I and CRP levels. In the whole cohort, the OS and disease-free survival differed significantly between the low-risk (ApoA-I≥1.08 mg/dL and CRP<3.04 mg/dL), medium-risk (ApoA-I≥1.08 mg/dL or CRP<3.04 mg/dL), and high-risk (ApoA-I<1.08 mg/dL and CRP ≥3.04 mg/dL) groups (p=0.001 and p=0.004). Conclusion Decreased levels of ApoA-I and HDL-C and increased levels of CRP were predictive of poor prognosis among patients with CRC. In addition, the combination of ApoA-I and CRP can serve as a novel prognostic stratification system for more accurate clinical staging of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ye
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Yun Luo
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ping Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yi Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Xian Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Laboratory Science, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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14
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Tabung FK, Liu L, Wang W, Fung TT, Wu K, Smith-Warner SA, Cao Y, Hu FB, Ogino S, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci EL. Association of Dietary Inflammatory Potential With Colorectal Cancer Risk in Men and Women. JAMA Oncol 2019; 4:366-373. [PMID: 29346484 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.4844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Importance Inflammation is important in colorectal cancer development. Diet modulates inflammation and may thus be a crucial modifiable factor in colorectal cancer prevention. Objective To examine whether proinflammatory diets are associated with increased colorectal cancer risk by using an empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) score based on a weighted sum of 18 food groups that characterizes dietary inflammatory potential based on circulating levels of inflammation biomarkers. Design, Settings, and Participants Cohort study of 46 804 men (Health Professionals Follow-up Study: 1986-2012) and 74 246 women (Nurses' Health Study: 1984-2012) followed for 26 years to examine associations between EDIP scores and colorectal cancer risk using Cox regression. We also examined associations in categories of alcohol intake and body weight. Data analysis began January 17, 2017, and was completed August 9, 2017. Exposures EDIP scores calculated from food frequency questionnaires administered every 4 years. Main Outcomes and Measures Incident colorectal cancer. Results We documented 2699 incident colorectal cancer cases over 2 571 831 person-years of follow-up. Compared with participants in the lowest EDIP quintile (Q) who had a colorectal cancer incidence rate (per 100 000 person-years) of 113 (men) and 80 (women), those in the highest Q had an incidence rate of 151 (men) and 92 (women), leading to an unadjusted rate difference of 38 and 12 more colorectal cancer cases, respectively, among those consuming highly proinflammatory diets. Comparing participants in the highest vs lowest EDIP Qs in multivariable-adjusted analyses, higher EDIP scores were associated with 44% (men: hazard ratio [HR], 1.44; 95% CI, 1.19-1.74; P < .001 for trend), 22% (women: HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02-1.45; P = .007 for trend), and 32% (men and women: pooled HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.12-1.55; P < .001 for trend) higher risk of developing colorectal cancer. In both men and women, associations were observed in all anatomic subsites except for the rectum in women. In subgroups (P ≤ .02 for all interactions), associations differed by alcohol intake level, with stronger associations among men (Q5 vs Q1 HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.05-2.49; P = .002 for trend) and women (Q5 vs Q1 HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.97-1.81; P = .03 for trend) not consuming alcohol; and by body weight, with stronger associations among overweight/obese men (Q5 vs Q1 HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.12-1.94; P = .008 for trend) and lean women (Q5 vs Q1 HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.99-1.74; P = .01 for trend). Conclusions and Relevance Findings suggest that inflammation is a potential mechanism linking dietary patterns and colorectal cancer development. Interventions to reduce the adverse role of proinflammatory diets may be more effective among overweight/obese men and lean women or men and women who do not consume alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred K Tabung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Weike Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Teresa T Fung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Simmons College, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yin Cao
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Massachusetts
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Massachusetts.,Smilow Cancer Hospital at Yale University Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Massachusetts
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15
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Chonov DC, Ignatova MMK, Ananiev JR, Gulubova MV. IL-6 Activities in the Tumour Microenvironment. Part 1. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:2391-2398. [PMID: 31592285 PMCID: PMC6765074 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The predominant role of IL-6 in cancer is its key promotion of tumour growth. IL-6 binds IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and the membrane-bound glycoprotein gp130. The complex I-6/IL-6R/gp130 starts the Janus kinases (JAKs) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) or JAK/STAT3 pathway. IL-6 R exits in two forms: a membrane-bound IL-6Rα subunit (mIL-6R) that participates in classic signalling pathway and soluble IL-6R subunit (sIL-6R) engaged in trans-signalling. The pro-tumour functions of IL-6 are associated with STAT3, a major oncogenic transcription factor that triggers up-regulation of target genes responsible for tumour cell survival. IL-6 combined with TGF-β induces proliferation of pathogenic Th17 cells. The anti-tumour function of IL-6 is the promotion of anti-tumour immunity. IL-6 trans-signaling contributed to transmigration of lymphocytes in high endothelial venules (HEV). Dendritic cell (DC) secreted IL-6 in the lymph node influences the activation, distribution and polarisation of the immune response. Elevated serum levels of IL-6 and increased expression of IL-6 in tumour tissue are negative prognostic marker for patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitur Chavdarov Chonov
- Department of Surgery, Trakia University, Medical Faculty, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.,Department of General and clinical pathology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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16
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Wang H, Ma Y, Lin Y, Liu J, Chen R, Xu B, Liang Y. An Isoxazole Derivative SHU00238 Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Growth through miRNAs Regulation. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122335. [PMID: 31242597 PMCID: PMC6630644 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Isoxazoline and isoxazole derivatives represent an important class of five-membered heterocycles, which play a pivotal role in drug discovery. In our previous study, we developed a series of isoxazole derivatives with an efficient method. In this study, we evaluated their effects on tumor cell growth. HCT116 cells were treated with isoxazole derivatives; an cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) assay was used to calculate the IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) of each derivative. Compound SHU00238, which was obtained by the copper nitrate-mediated [2+2+1] cycloaddition reaction of olefinic azlactone with naphthalene-1,4-dione, has a lower IC50; we analyzed its inhibitory activity in further assays. Cell apoptosis was estimated by flow cytometry analysis in vitro. SHU00238 injection was used to treat tumor-bearing mice. We found that SHU00238 suppressed cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. SHU00238 treatment significantly inhibited colonic tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, we compared the miRNAs expression changes in HCT116 cells before and after SHU00238 treatment. MiRNA profiling revealed that SHU00238 treatment affected cell fate by regulating a set of miRNAs. In conclusion, SHU00238 impedes CRC tumor cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis by miRNAs regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Yurui Ma
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Yifan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Jiajie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
- Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Yajun Liang
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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17
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Eichelmann F, Schulze MB, Wittenbecher C, Menzel J, Weikert C, di Giuseppe R, Biemann R, Isermann B, Fritsche A, Boeing H, Aleksandrova K. Association of Chemerin Plasma Concentration With Risk of Colorectal Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e190896. [PMID: 30901045 PMCID: PMC6583278 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.0896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Inflammatory processes have been suggested to have an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) etiology. Chemerin is a recently discovered inflammatory biomarker thought to exert chemotactic, adipogenic, and angiogenic functions. However, its potential link with CRC has not been sufficiently explored. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prospective association of circulating plasma chemerin concentrations with incident CRC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective case-cohort study based on 27 548 initially healthy participants from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort who were followed for up to 16 years. Baseline study information and samples were collected between August 23, 1994, and September 25, 1998. Recruitment was according to random registry sampling from the geographical area of Potsdam, Germany, and surrounding municipalities. The last date of study follow-up was May 10, 2010. Statistical analysis was conducted in 2018. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incident CRC, colon cancer, and rectal cancer. Baseline chemerin plasma concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS A random subcohort of 221 incident CRC cases and 2329 participants free of CRC with available blood sample measurements were included in the analysis. The participants' mean (SD) age was 50 (9) years, 62.1% were female, and 16.5% had a body mass index greater than 30. In multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models taking into account established CRC risk factors, higher chemerin concentrations were associated with a greater risk of CRC, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.81 (95% CI, 1.08-3.05; P for trend = .007) for the highest chemerin quartile vs the lowest. Analyses by cancer subsite indicated a stronger association with colon cancer (HR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.18-4.34 for the highest quartile vs the lowest; P for trend = .005) compared with rectal cancer (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.57-2.85; P for trend = .35). The association was particularly strong for proximal colon cancer (HR, 3.97; 95% CI, 1.51-10.50; P for trend = .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found that the association between chemerin concentration and the risk of incident CRC was linear and independent of established CRC risk factors. Further studies are warranted to evaluate chemerin as a novel immune-inflammatory agent in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Eichelmann
- Senior Scientist Group Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam–Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam–Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Clemens Wittenbecher
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam–Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Menzel
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam–Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Weikert
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Romina di Giuseppe
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ronald Biemann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Fritsche
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nephrology, Vascular Disease and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam–Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Senior Scientist Group Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam–Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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18
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Li X, Guo D, Chu L, Huang Y, Zhang F, Li W, Chen J. Potential Diagnostic Value Of Combining Inflammatory Cell Ratios With Carcinoembryonic Antigen For Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:9631-9640. [PMID: 32009818 PMCID: PMC6861168 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s222756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the diagnostic value of combining the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) or lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS The diagnostic performance of inflammatory makers and CEA was evaluated in cohort 1 (664 patients with CRC, 336 patients with colorectal polyps and 664 healthy controls) and validated in cohort 2 (87 patients with CRC and 87 healthy controls) by using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS In cohort 1, the NLR, PLR and CEA levels were significantly higher, while the LMR was markedly lower in patients with CRC than in healthy controls. The PLR and LMR were significantly associated with invasion depth and lymph node metastasis. Moreover, significant differences in the PLR and LMR were observed between patients with stage I/II CRC and healthy or polyp controls and those with stage III/IV CRC. Using the NLR, PLR or LMR with CEA resulted in a significantly larger area under the curve (AUC) than any of them used alone. Combining the PLR and LMR with CEA exhibited the best diagnostic value for CRC (AUC=0.892). The AUCs of this combination were 0.864 and 0.783 for distinguishing stage I/II CRC from healthy and polyp controls, respectively. When we used the same cut-off values to assess the diagnostic ability of these markers in cohort 2, similar results were observed, and the PLR, LMR and CEA combination also showed the highest accuracy (AUC=0.936). CONCLUSION Combining inflammatory cell ratios with CEA could improve the diagnostic efficacy for CRC patients. The combination of the PLR and LMR with CEA might be a valuable indicator in the early detection and monitoring of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongming Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingyu Chu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiteng Huang
- Department of Health Care Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feiran Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juntian Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Juntian Chen Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou515041, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86 754 8890 5256 Email
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19
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Song M, Sasazuki S, Camargo MC, Shimazu T, Charvat H, Yamaji T, Sawada N, Kemp TJ, Pfeiffer RM, Hildesheim A, Pinto LA, Rabkin CS, Tsugane S. Circulating inflammatory markers and colorectal cancer risk: A prospective case-cohort study in Japan. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:2767-2776. [PMID: 30132835 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Blood levels of inflammation-related markers may reveal molecular pathways contributing to carcinogenesis. To date, prospective associations with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk have been based on few studies with limited sets of analytes. We conducted a case-cohort study within the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study Cohort II, comparing 457 incident CRC cases during median 18 years follow-up with a random subcohort of 774 individuals. Baseline plasma levels of 62 cytokines, soluble receptors, acute-phase proteins, and growth factor markers were measured using Luminex bead-based assays. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) associating each marker with CRC risk by Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for potential confounders. Subanalyses compared cases by years after blood draw (<5 vs. ≥5) and anatomical subsite (colon vs. rectum). Linear trends in quantiles of four C-C motif ligand (CCL) chemokines, one C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL) chemokine, and a soluble receptor were nominally associated with CRC risk based on ptrend < 0.05, but none met false discovery rate corrected statistical significance. HRs for the 4th vs. 1st quartile were: 1.69 for CCL2/MCP1, 1.61 for soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2, 1.39 for CCL15/MIP1D, 1.35 for CCL27/CTACK, 0.70 for CXCL6/GCP2 and 0.61 for CCL3/MIP1A. Among cases diagnosed 5+ years after enrollment, CCL2/MCP1, CCL3/MIP1A and CXCL6/GCP2 retained nominal statistical significance. There were no significant differences in associations between colon and rectum. Our findings implicate chemokine alterations in colorectal carcinogenesis, but require replication for confirmation. Noninvasive chemokine assays may have potential application in colorectal cancer screening and etiologic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyo Song
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Shizuka Sasazuki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Constanza Camargo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hadrien Charvat
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Troy J Kemp
- HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Allan Hildesheim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ligia A Pinto
- HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Charles S Rabkin
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Yen AM, Wang S, Feng S, Lin C, Chen SL. The association between fecal hemoglobin concentration and oral potentially malignant disorders. Oral Dis 2018; 25:108-116. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Ming‐Fang Yen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Oral Health Care Research Center, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Sen‐Te Wang
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Sheng‐Wei Feng
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Oral Health Care Research Center, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Department of DentistryTaipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Che‐Tong Lin
- Department of DentistryTaipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Sam Li‐Sheng Chen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Oral Health Care Research Center, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
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21
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Liang X, Lan C, Zhou J, Fu W, Long X, An Y, Jiao G, Wang K, Li Y, Xu J, Huang Q, Xu B, Xiao J. Development of a new analog of SGK1 inhibitor and its evaluation as a therapeutic molecule of colorectal cancer. J Cancer 2017; 8:2256-2262. [PMID: 28819428 PMCID: PMC5560143 DOI: 10.7150/jca.19566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. The serum and glucocorticoid inducible kinase SGK1 is highly expressed and involved in several tumors. GSK650394, a SGK1 inhibitor, has been proved to be effective in impeding tumor growth in vitro. In this study, we developed a novel analog of GSK650394, and evaluated its effects on CRC cells and tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. HCT116 cells were treated with a concentration gradient of new developed compounds and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) assay was used to calculate the IC50 value of every analog. Cell proliferation analysis was estimated from EdU staining and flow cytometry in vitro, and immunohistochemistry of Ki67 and PCNA in vivo. Cell migration analysis was examined using the transwell assay. In vivo tumor growth was determined in athymic nude mice by injecting the HCT116 cells in the subcutaneous tissue, followed by the injection of QGY-5-114-A. We found that new developed GSK650394 analog QGY-5-114-A has lower IC50 value, and treatment with QGY-5-114-A significantly inhibited CRC cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Besides that, colonic tumor growth was also dramatically restricted by QGY-5-114-A in vivo. In conclusion, pharmacological treatment with QGY-5-114-A impedes CRC tumor cell proliferation, migration and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchun Liang
- Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chunling Lan
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jinzhe Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Wencheng Fu
- Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xuesha Long
- Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu An
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Guanming Jiao
- Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Kejin Wang
- Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yongqin Li
- Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiahong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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22
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Suchdev PS, Boivin MJ, Forsyth BW, Georgieff MK, Guerrant RL, Nelson CA. Assessment of Neurodevelopment, Nutrition, and Inflammation From Fetal Life to Adolescence in Low-Resource Settings. Pediatrics 2017; 139:S23-S37. [PMID: 28562246 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-2828e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to improve child neurodevelopment are critical to health, equity, and sustainable development, particularly in low-resource settings in the United States and globally. The colliding epidemics of food insecurity, infectious diseases, and noncommunicable diseases interact and impact neurodevelopment. Understanding the complex relationships between nutrition, inflammation, and neurodevelopment can inform clinical and public health interventions to improve outcomes. This article reviews key definitions, tools, and considerations for the assessment of nutrition, inflammation, and child neurodevelopment. The effectiveness of existing assessment tools to reflect status and biology, particularly in relation to each other, and to predict long-term changes in health is examined. The aim of this review is to present the extant evidence, identify critical research gaps, and suggest a research agenda for future longitudinal and intervention studies to address the assessment of nutrition, inflammation, and child neurodevelopment, particularly in low-resource settings. Despite research gaps, there is a strong relationship between nutrition, inflammation, environmental factors, and child neurodevelopment, which emphasizes the need to evaluate targeted, early interventions to improve long-term health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parminder S Suchdev
- Departments of Pediatrics and .,Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michael J Boivin
- Departments of Psychiatry and.,Neurology and Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Brian W Forsyth
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Michael K Georgieff
- Departments of Pediatrics and.,Child Psychology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Richard L Guerrant
- Center for Global Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Charles A Nelson
- Laboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts; and.,Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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23
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Zhang X, Liu S, Zhou Y. Circulating levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α and risk of colorectal adenomas: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:64371-64379. [PMID: 27608842 PMCID: PMC5325449 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Results from publications on inflammatory markers of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and risk of colorectal adenomas are not consistent. A meta-analysis was conducted to explore the above-mentioned associations. Relevant studies were identified by a search of Embase, Medline and PubMed through February 2016. A random effect model was adopted to combine study-specific odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Between-study heterogeneity and publications bias were assessed. Dose-response relationships were assessed by restricted cubic splines. Nineteen observational studies were included. For highest vs. lowest levels, results from this meta-analysis did not support an association between circulating levels of CRP [OR (95% CI): 1.15 (0.94-1.40)], IL-6 [1.17 (0.94-1.46)] and TNF-α [0.99 (0.75-1.31)] and risk of colorectal adenomas, respectively. The findings were supported by sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis. In dose-response analysis, the risk of colorectal adenomas increased by 2% [1.02 (0.97-1.08)] for each 1 mg/L increment in circulation CRP levels, 9% [1.09 (0.91-1.31)] for each 1 ng/L increment in circulation IL-6 levels, and 6% [1.06 (0.93-1.21)] for each 1 pg/mL increment in circulation TNF-α levels. Moderate between-study heterogeneity was found. No evidence of publication bias was found. Circulation levels of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α might be not useful biomarkers for identifying colorectal adenomas, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Shanglong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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24
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Burke RM, Suchdev PS, Rebolledo PA, de Aceituno AMF, Revollo R, Iñiguez V, Klein M, Drews-Botsch C, Leon JS. Predictors of Inflammation in a Cohort of Bolivian Infants and Toddlers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2016; 95:954-963. [PMID: 27527627 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has been associated with cardiovascular disease and other health outcomes in children and adults, yet few longitudinal data are available on prevalence and predictors of inflammation in infants. We aimed to identify the prevalence of inflammation in a cohort of Bolivian infants and estimate its association with acute (recent illnesses) and chronic (overweight, stunting) morbidities and potential pathogen exposure (represented by water, sanitation, and hygiene [WASH] resources). We measured plasma concentrations of two acute phase proteins (C-reactive protein [CRP], marking acute inflammation, and alpha(1)-acid-glycoprotein [AGP], marking chronic inflammation) at three time points (target 2, 6-8, and 12-18 months). Of 451 singleton infants enrolled in the parent study, 272 had the first blood draw and complete data. Anthropometry and sociodemographic and recent illness data (2-week recall of cough, diarrhea, and fever) were collected at each visit. Inflammation was defined as CRP > 5 mg/L or AGP > 1 g/L. The prevalence of inflammation increased from early infancy (3% at first blood draw) to later infancy (15-22% at later blood draws). Recent cough, recent fever, and age in months were significantly associated with relative increases in CRP (7-44%) and AGP (5-23%), whereas recent diarrhea was only significantly associated with an increase in CRP (48%). Neither anthropometry nor WASH was significantly associated with inflammation. Results confirm the role of recent acute illness in inflammation in infants, and indicate that adiposity and WASH are not as important to inflammation in this age category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Burke
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Parminder S Suchdev
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. Nutrition Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Paulina A Rebolledo
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Rita Revollo
- Servicio Departamental de Salud, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Volga Iñiguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Mitchel Klein
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Carolyn Drews-Botsch
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Juan S Leon
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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25
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Kim C, Zhang X, Chan AT, Sesso HD, Rifai N, Stampfer MJ, Ma J. Inflammatory biomarkers, aspirin, and risk of colorectal cancer: Findings from the physicians' health study. Cancer Epidemiol 2016; 44:65-70. [PMID: 27504605 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation has been implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis. However, the associations between plasma inflammatory markers and risk of colorectal cancer have been inconsistent. METHODS In a nested case-control study in the Physicians' Health Study, we prospectively investigated the associations of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR-2) with risk of colorectal cancer, and whether aspirin modified these associations among 268 colorectal cancer patients and 446 age- and smoking-matched controls. RESULTS In multivariate-adjusted models, plasma levels of CRP, IL-6 and TNFR-2 were not significantly associated with risk of colorectal cancer, although a positive trend was observed for TNFR-2 (RRhighestvs.lowestquartile=1.55; 95% CI=0.95-2.54; Ptrend=0.05). We observed a statistically significant association between elevated TNFR-2 levels and colorectal cancer risk in the placebo arm (RRhighestvs.lowesttertile=1.77; 95% CI=1.02-3.06; Ptrend=0.02), but not in the aspirin arm (Ptrend=0.72). However, the interaction between TNFR-2 and aspirin was not statistically significant (Pinteraction=0.34). CONCLUSION Plasma inflammatory markers were not significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk among men, though there was a statistically non-significant positive trend between TNFR-2 and colorectal cancer risk. More studies are required to understand the relationship between the role of TNFα pathway, aspirin, and colorectal cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Medical Oncology Service, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nader Rifai
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jing Ma
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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Ma YF, Ren Y, Wu CJ, Zhao XH, Xu H, Wu DZ, Xu J, Zhang XL, Ji Y. Interleukin (IL)-24 transforms the tumor microenvironment and induces anticancer immunity in a murine model of colon cancer. Mol Immunol 2016; 75:11-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Stensrud MJ. [Mendelian randomisation - a genetic approach to an epidemiological method]. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2016; 136:1002-5. [PMID: 27325033 DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.15.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic information is becoming more easily available, and rapid progress is being made in developing methods of illuminating issues of interest. Mendelian randomisation makes it possible to study causes of disease using observational data. The name refers to the random distribution of gene variants in meiosis. The methodology makes use of genes that influence a risk factor for a disease, without influencing the disease itself. In this review article I explain the principles behind Mendelian randomisation and present the areas of application for this methodology.MATERIAL AND METHOD Methodology articles describing Mendelian randomisation were reviewed. The articles were found through a search in PubMed with the combination «mendelian randomization» OR «mendelian randomisation», and a search in McMaster Plus with the combination «mendelian randomization». A total of 15 methodology articles were read in full text. Methodology articles were supplemented by clinical studies found in the PubMed search.RESULTS In contrast to traditional observational studies, Mendelian randomisation studies are not affected by two important sources of error: conventional confounding variables and reverse causation. Mendelian randomisation is therefore a promising tool for studying causality. Mendelian randomisation studies have already provided valuable knowledge on the risk factors for a wide range of diseases. It is nevertheless important to be aware of the limitations of the methodology. As a result of the rapid developments in genetics research, Mendelian randomisation will probably be widely used in future years.INTERPRETATION If Mendelian randomisation studies are conducted correctly, they may help to reveal both modifiable and non-modifiable causes of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Julius Stensrud
- Avdeling for biostatistikk Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology (OCBE) Universitetet i Oslo
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