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Scarborough P, Clark M, Cobiac L, Papier K, Knuppel A, Lynch J, Harrington R, Key T, Springmann M. Vegans, vegetarians, fish-eaters and meat-eaters in the UK show discrepant environmental impacts. Nat Food 2023:10.1038/s43016-023-00795-w. [PMID: 37474804 PMCID: PMC10365988 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00795-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Modelled dietary scenarios often fail to reflect true dietary practice and do not account for variation in the environmental burden of food due to sourcing and production methods. Here we link dietary data from a sample of 55,504 vegans, vegetarians, fish-eaters and meat-eaters with food-level data on greenhouse gas emissions, land use, water use, eutrophication risk and potential biodiversity loss from a review of 570 life-cycle assessments covering more than 38,000 farms in 119 countries. Our results include the variation in food production and sourcing that is observed in the review of life-cycle assessments. All environmental indicators showed a positive association with amounts of animal-based food consumed. Dietary impacts of vegans were 25.1% (95% uncertainty interval, 15.1-37.0%) of high meat-eaters (≥100 g total meat consumed per day) for greenhouse gas emissions, 25.1% (7.1-44.5%) for land use, 46.4% (21.0-81.0%) for water use, 27.0% (19.4-40.4%) for eutrophication and 34.3% (12.0-65.3%) for biodiversity. At least 30% differences were found between low and high meat-eaters for most indicators. Despite substantial variation due to where and how food is produced, the relationship between environmental impact and animal-based food consumption is clear and should prompt the reduction of the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Scarborough
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Oxford, UK.
- NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre at Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK.
| | - Michael Clark
- Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Linda Cobiac
- Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Keren Papier
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - John Lynch
- Nature-based Solutions Initiative, Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard Harrington
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre at Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Yammine SG, Huybrechts I, Biessy C, Dossus L, Panico S, Sánchez MJ, Benetou V, Turzanski-Fortner R, Katzke V, Idahl A, Skeie G, Olsen KS, Tjønneland A, Halkjaer J, Colorado-Yohar S, Heath AK, Sonestedt E, Sartor H, Schulze MB, Palli D, Crous-Bou M, Dorronsoro A, Overvad K, Gurrea AB, Severi G, Vermeulen RCH, Sandanger TM, Travis RC, Key T, Amiano P, Van Guelpen B, Johansson M, Sund M, Tumino R, Wareham N, Sacerdote C, Krogh V, Brennan P, Riboli E, Weiderpass E, Gunter MJ, Chajès V. Dietary fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:159. [PMID: 36797668 PMCID: PMC9936701 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet may impact important risk factors for endometrial cancer such as obesity and inflammation. However, evidence on the role of specific dietary factors is limited. We investigated associations between dietary fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). METHODS This analysis includes 1,886 incident endometrial cancer cases and 297,432 non-cases. All participants were followed up for a mean of 8.8 years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of endometrial cancer across quintiles of individual fatty acids estimated from various food sources quantified through food frequency questionnaires in the entire EPIC cohort. The false discovery rate (q-values) was computed to control for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Consumption of n-6 γ-linolenic acid was inversely associated with endometrial cancer risk (HR comparing 5th with 1st quintileQ5-Q1=0.77, 95% CI = 0.64; 0.92, ptrend=0.01, q-value = 0.15). This association was mainly driven by γ-linolenic acid derived from plant sources (HRper unit increment=0.94, 95%CI= (0.90;0.98), p = 0.01) but not from animal sources (HRper unit increment= 1.00, 95%CI = (0.92; 1.07), p = 0.92). In addition, an inverse association was found between consumption of n-3 α-linolenic acid from vegetable sources and endometrial cancer risk (HRper unit increment= 0.93, 95%CI = (0.87; 0.99), p = 0.04). No significant association was found between any other fatty acids (individual or grouped) and endometrial cancer risk. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that higher consumption of γ-linolenic acid and α-linoleic acid from plant sources may be associated with lower risk of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Yammine
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord and Université Paris Cité, INSERM, INRAE, CNAM, Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) , Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), F-93017, Bobigny, France.
| | - I Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - C Biessy
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - L Dossus
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - S Panico
- Dipartimento di medicina clinica e chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - M J Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - V Benetou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Grèce
| | | | - V Katzke
- The German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Idahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - G Skeie
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N - 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - K Standahl Olsen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N - 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - A Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Halkjaer
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Colorado-Yohar
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Research Group on Demography and Health, National Faculty of Public Health, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - A K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - H Sartor
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - M B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam- Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - D Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - M Crous-Bou
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) - Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL). L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 02115, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Dorronsoro
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - K Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A Barricarte Gurrea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - G Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM U1018, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Human Genetics Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - R C H Vermeulen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Department of Population Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - T M Sandanger
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N - 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - R C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Amiano
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - B Van Guelpen
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - M Sund
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - R Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, Provincial Health Authority (ASP 7), Ragusa, Italy
| | - N Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, U.K
| | - C Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Via Santena 7, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - V Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori Di, Milano, Italy
| | - P Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - E Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - M J Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - V Chajès
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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Heath AK, Muller DC, van den Brandt PA, Critselis E, Gunter M, Vineis P, Weiderpass E, Boeing H, Ferrari P, Merritt MA, Rostgaard‐Hansen AL, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Katzke V, Srour B, Masala G, Sacerdote C, Ricceri F, Pasanisi F, Bueno‐de‐Mesquita B, Downward GS, Skeie G, Sandanger TM, Crous‐Bou M, Rodríguez‐Barranco M, Amiano P, Huerta JM, Ardanaz E, Drake I, Johansson M, Johansson I, Key T, Papadimitriou N, Riboli E, Tzoulaki I, Tsilidis KK. Diet-wide association study of 92 foods and nutrients and lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study and the Netherlands Cohort Study. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1935-1946. [PMID: 35830197 PMCID: PMC9804326 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
It is unclear whether diet, and in particular certain foods or nutrients, are associated with lung cancer risk. We assessed associations of 92 dietary factors with lung cancer risk in 327 790 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) per SD higher intake/day of each food/nutrient. Correction for multiple comparisons was performed using the false discovery rate and identified associations were evaluated in the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). In EPIC, 2420 incident lung cancer cases were identified during a median of 15 years of follow-up. Higher intakes of fibre (HR per 1 SD higher intake/day = 0.91, 95% CI 0.87-0.96), fruit (HR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.96) and vitamin C (HR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.96) were associated with a lower risk of lung cancer, whereas offal (HR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.03-1.14), retinol (HR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.10) and beer/cider (HR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.07) intakes were positively associated with lung cancer risk. Associations did not differ by sex and there was less evidence for associations among never smokers. None of the six associations with overall lung cancer risk identified in EPIC were replicated in the NLCS (2861 cases), however in analyses of histological subtypes, inverse associations of fruit and vitamin C with squamous cell carcinoma were replicated in the NLCS. Overall, there is little evidence that intakes of specific foods and nutrients play a major role in primary lung cancer risk, but fruit and vitamin C intakes seem to be inversely associated with squamous cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia K. Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - David C. Muller
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Elena Critselis
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of AthensAthensGreece
- Department of Nutrition and DieteticsHarokopio UniversityAthensGreece
- Department of Primary Care and Population HealthUniversity of Nicosia Medical SchoolNicosiaCyprus
| | - Marc Gunter
- International Agency for Research on CancerWorld Health OrganizationLyonFrance
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of EpidemiologyGerman Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam‐RehbrückeBergholz‐RehbrückeGermany
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research on CancerWorld Health OrganizationLyonFrance
| | - Melissa A. Merritt
- Cancer Epidemiology ProgramUniversity of Hawaii Cancer CenterHonoluluHawaiiUSA
| | | | | | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public HealthAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer EpidemiologyGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Bernard Srour
- Division of Cancer EpidemiologyGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Institute of Cancer ResearchPrevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO)FlorenceItaly
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer EpidemiologyCittà della Salute e della Scienza University‐HospitalTurinItaly
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
- Unit of EpidemiologyRegional Health Service ASL TO3GrugliascoItaly
| | - Fabrizio Pasanisi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e ChirurgiaFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Bas Bueno‐de‐Mesquita
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health ServicesNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)BilthovenThe Netherlands
| | - George S. Downward
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental EpidemiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUiT‐The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Torkjel M. Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUiT‐The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Marta Crous‐Bou
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research ProgramCatalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
- Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Miguel Rodríguez‐Barranco
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP)GranadaSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GranadaGranadaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Ministry of Health of the Basque GovernmentSub‐Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of GipuzkoaSan SebastiánSpain
- Biodonostia Health Research InstituteEpidemiology and Public Health AreaSan SebastiánSpain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)MadridSpain
| | - José María Huerta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Department of EpidemiologyMurcia Regional Health Council, IMIB‐ArrixacaMurciaSpain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Navarra Public Health InstitutePamplonaSpain
- IdiSNANavarra Institute for Health ResearchPamplonaSpain
| | - Isabel Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöLund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, OncologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Ingegerd Johansson
- Department of Odontology, Section of CardiologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Nikos Papadimitriou
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Hygiene and EpidemiologyUniversity of Ioannina School of MedicineIoanninaGreece
| | - Konstantinos K. Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Hygiene and EpidemiologyUniversity of Ioannina School of MedicineIoanninaGreece
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Key T, Sharp P, Grandou C, Wallace L, Caperchione C. A systematic review of participatory engagement in men’s health promotion programs. J Sci Med Sport 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.09.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Minto T, Abdelrahman T, Jones L, Wheat J, Key T, Shivakumar N, Ansell J, Seddon O, Cronin A, Tomkinson A, Theron A, Trickett RW, Sagua N, Sultana S, Clark A, McKay E, Johnson A, Behera K, Towler J, Kynaston H. Safety of maintaining elective and emergency surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic with the introduction of a Protected Elective Surgical Unit (PESU): A cross-specialty evaluation of 30-day outcomes in 9,925 patients undergoing surgery in a University Health Board. Surg Open Sci 2022; 10:168-173. [PMID: 36211629 PMCID: PMC9531361 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented health care challenges mandating surgical service reconfiguration. Within our hospital, emergency and elective streams were separated and self-contained Protected Elective Surgical Units were developed to mitigate against infection-related morbidity. Aims of this study were to determine the risk of COVID-19 transmission and mortality and whether the development of Protected Elective Surgical Units can result in significant reduction in risk. Methods A retrospective observational study of consecutive patients from 18 specialties undergoing elective or emergency surgery under general, spinal, or epidural anaesthetic over a 12-month study period was undertaken. Primary outcome measures were 30-day postoperative COVID-19 transmission rate and mortality. Secondary adjusted analyses were performed to ascertain hospital and Protected Elective Surgical Unit transmission rates. Results Between 15 March 2020 and 14 March 2021, 9,925 patients underwent surgery: 6,464 (65.1%) elective, 5,116 (51.5%) female, and median age 57 (39–70). A total of 69.5% of all procedures were performed in Protected Elective Surgical Units. Overall, 30-day postoperative COVID-19 transmission was 2.8% (3.4% emergency vs 1.2% elective P < .001). Protected Elective Surgical Unit postoperative transmission was significantly lower than non–Protected Elective Surgical Unit (0.42% vs 3.2% P < .001), with an adjusted likely in-hospital Protected Elective Surgical Unit transmission of 0.04%. The 30-day all-cause mortality was 1.7% and was 14.6% in COVID-19–positive patients. COVID-19 infection, age > 70, male sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade > 2, and emergency surgery were all independently associated with mortality. Conclusion This study has demonstrated that Protected Elective Surgical Units can facilitate high-volume elective surgical services throughout peaks of the COVID-19 pandemic while minimising viral transmission and mortality. However, mortality risk associated with perioperative COVID-19 infection remains high.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Minto
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW
| | - T Abdelrahman
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW
| | - L Jones
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW
| | - J Wheat
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW
| | - T Key
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW
| | - N Shivakumar
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW
| | - J Ansell
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW
| | - O Seddon
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW
| | - A Cronin
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW
| | - A Tomkinson
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW
| | - A Theron
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW
| | - RW Trickett
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW
| | - N Sagua
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales Main Bldg, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XN
| | - S Sultana
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales Main Bldg, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XN
| | - A Clark
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales Main Bldg, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XN
| | - E McKay
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales Main Bldg, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XN
| | - A Johnson
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales Main Bldg, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XN
| | - Karishma Behera
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales Main Bldg, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XN
| | - J Towler
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales Main Bldg, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XN
| | - H Kynaston
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XW,School of Medicine, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales Main Bldg, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XN,Corresponding author at: School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF14 4XN.
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6
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Porta M, Gasull M, Pumarega J, Kiviranta H, Rantakokko P, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Bergdahl IA, Sandanger TM, Agudo A, Rylander C, Nøst TH, Donat-Vargas C, Aune D, Heath AK, Cirera L, Goñi-Irigoyen F, Alguacil J, Giménez-Robert À, Tjønneland A, Sund M, Overvad K, Mancini FR, Rebours V, Boutron-Ruault MC, Kaaks R, Schulze MB, Trichopoulou A, Palli D, Grioni S, Tumino R, Naccarati A, Panico S, Vermeulen R, Quirós JR, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Colorado-Yohar SM, Chirlaque MD, Ardanaz E, Wareham N, Key T, Johansson M, Murphy N, Ferrari P, Huybrechts I, Chajes V, Gonzalez CA, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Gunter M, Weiderpass E, Riboli E, Duell EJ, Katzke V, Vineis P. Plasma concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and pancreatic cancer risk. Int J Epidemiol 2022; 51:479-490. [PMID: 34259837 PMCID: PMC9082788 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings and limitations of previous studies on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and pancreatic cancer risk support conducting further research in prospective cohorts. METHODS We conducted a prospective case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Participants were 513 pancreatic cancer cases and 1020 matched controls. Concentrations of 22 POPs were measured in plasma collected at baseline. RESULTS Some associations were observed at higher concentrations of p, p'-DDT, trans-nonachlor, β-hexachlorocyclohexane and the sum of six organochlorine pesticides and of 16 POPs. The odds ratio (OR) for the upper quartile of trans-nonachlor was 1.55 (95% confidence interval 1.06-2.26; P for trend = 0.025). Associations were stronger in the groups predefined as most valid (participants having fasted >6 h, with microscopic diagnostic confirmation, normal weight, and never smokers), and as most relevant (follow-up ≥10 years). Among participants having fasted >6 h, the ORs were relevant for 10 of 11 exposures. Higher ORs were also observed among cases with microscopic confirmation than in cases with a clinical diagnosis, and among normal-weight participants than in the rest of participants. Among participants with a follow-up ≥10 years, estimates were higher than in participants with a shorter follow-up (for trans-nonachlor: OR = 2.14, 1.01 to 4.53, P for trend = 0.035). Overall, trans-nonachlor, three PCBs and the two sums of POPs were the exposures most clearly associated with pancreatic cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS Individually or in combination, most of the 22 POPs analysed did not or only moderately increased the risk of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Porta
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM PSMar), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Magda Gasull
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM PSMar), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Pumarega
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM PSMar), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Ingvar A Bergdahl
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Antoni Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Charlotta Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Carolina Donat-Vargas
- Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alicia K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lluís Cirera
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB—Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Goñi-Irigoyen
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Department of Basque Government, Public Health Laboratory in Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
- Health Research Institute Biodonostia, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Juan Alguacil
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Àlex Giménez-Robert
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM PSMar), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Malin Sund
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- CESP, Faculté de médecine (USVQ), Université Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Inserm UMR1018, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Vinciane Rebours
- Pancreatology Department, Beaujon Hospital, AP-HP, Clichy, France
- Inserm UMR1149, DHU Unit, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- CESP, Faculté de médecine (USVQ), Université Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Inserm UMR1018, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam, Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutrition Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network—ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, “Civic—M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Sandra M Colorado-Yohar
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB—Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- National Faculty of Public Health, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB—Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Neil Murphy
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Veronique Chajes
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | | | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Eric J Duell
- Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy
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7
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Bouras E, Karhunen V, Gill D, Huang J, Haycock PC, Gunter MJ, Johansson M, Brennan P, Key T, Lewis SJ, Martin RM, Murphy N, Platz EA, Travis R, Yarmolinsky J, Zuber V, Martin P, Katsoulis M, Freisling H, Nøst TH, Schulze MB, Dossus L, Hung RJ, Amos CI, Ahola-Olli A, Palaniswamy S, Männikkö M, Auvinen J, Herzig KH, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Lehtimäki T, Salomaa V, Raitakari O, Salmi M, Jalkanen S, Jarvelin MR, Dehghan A, Tsilidis KK. Circulating inflammatory cytokines and risk of five cancers: a Mendelian randomization analysis. BMC Med 2022; 20:3. [PMID: 35012533 PMCID: PMC8750876 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological and experimental evidence has linked chronic inflammation to cancer aetiology. It is unclear whether associations for specific inflammatory biomarkers are causal or due to bias. In order to examine whether altered genetically predicted concentration of circulating cytokines are associated with cancer development, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis. METHODS Up to 31,112 individuals of European descent were included in genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses of 47 circulating cytokines. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly associated with the cytokines, located in or close to their coding gene (cis), were used as instrumental variables. Inverse-variance weighted MR was used as the primary analysis, and the MR assumptions were evaluated in sensitivity and colocalization analyses and a false discovery rate (FDR) correction for multiple comparisons was applied. Corresponding germline GWAS summary data for five cancer outcomes (breast, endometrial, lung, ovarian, and prostate), and their subtypes were selected from the largest cancer-specific GWASs available (cases ranging from 12,906 for endometrial to 133,384 for breast cancer). RESULTS There was evidence of inverse associations of macrophage migration inhibitory factor with breast cancer (OR per SD = 0.88, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.94), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist with endometrial cancer (0.86, 0.80 to 0.93), interleukin-18 with lung cancer (0.87, 0.81 to 0.93), and beta-chemokine-RANTES with ovarian cancer (0.70, 0.57 to 0.85) and positive associations of monokine induced by gamma interferon with endometrial cancer (3.73, 1.86 to 7.47) and cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine with lung cancer (1.51, 1.22 to 1.87). These associations were similar in sensitivity analyses and supported in colocalization analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our study adds to current knowledge on the role of specific inflammatory biomarker pathways in cancer aetiology. Further validation is needed to assess the potential of these cytokines as pharmacological or lifestyle targets for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Bouras
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ville Karhunen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Mathematical Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Dipender Gill
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK
- Clinical Pharmacology Group, Pharmacy and Medicines Directorate, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Section, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philip C Haycock
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomics Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomics Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah J Lewis
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Neil Murphy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ruth Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James Yarmolinsky
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Verena Zuber
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Paul Martin
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Michail Katsoulis
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK, London, UK
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nutehtal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Laure Dossus
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Ari Ahola-Olli
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saranya Palaniswamy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Minna Männikkö
- Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Auvinen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Marko Salmi
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK.
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8
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Ellingjord-Dale M, Christakoudi S, Weiderpass E, Panico S, Dossus L, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Kaaks R, Schulze MB, Masala G, Gram IT, Skeie G, Rosendahl AH, Sund M, Key T, Ferrari P, Gunter M, Heath AK, Tsilidis KK, Riboli E. Long-term weight change and risk of breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Int J Epidemiol 2022; 50:1914-1926. [PMID: 34999853 PMCID: PMC8743116 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of obesity and weight change in breast-cancer development is complex and incompletely understood. We investigated long-term weight change and breast-cancer risk by body mass index (BMI) at age 20 years, menopausal status, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and hormone-receptor status. METHODS Using data on weight collected at three different time points from women who participated in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, we investigated the association between weight change from age 20 years until middle adulthood and risk of breast cancer. RESULTS In total, 150 257 women with a median age of 51 years at cohort entry were followed for an average of 14 years (standard deviation = 3.9) during which 6532 breast-cancer cases occurred. Compared with women with stable weight (±2.5 kg), long-term weight gain >10 kg was positively associated with postmenopausal breast-cancer risk in women who were lean at age 20 [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.42; 95% confidence interval 1.22-1.65] in ever HRT users (HR = 1.23; 1.04-1.44), in never HRT users (HR = 1.40; 1.16-1.68) and in oestrogen-and-progesterone-receptor-positive (ER+PR+) breast cancer (HR = 1.46; 1.15-1.85). CONCLUSION Long-term weight gain was positively associated with postmenopausal breast cancer in women who were lean at age 20, both in HRT ever users and non-users, and hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merete Ellingjord-Dale
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Sofia Christakoudi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Naples Frederico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Laure Dossus
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Anja Olsen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Cancer Society, Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society, Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network—ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Inger T Gram
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ann H Rosendahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Sund
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield, Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Marc Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Alicia K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
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9
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Caperchione C, Grandou C, Key T, Sharp P, Wallace L. Reviewing the use of participatory methods and approaches to tailor health promotion programs to men: a systematic review protocol. J Sci Med Sport 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Schiepatti A, Rej A, Maimaris S, Cross SS, Porta P, Aziz I, Key T, Goodwin J, Therrien A, Yoosuf S, Leffler DA, Silvester JA, Klersy C, Biagi F, Sanders DS. Clinical classification and long-term outcomes of seronegative coeliac disease: a 20-year multicentre follow-up study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2021; 54:1278-1289. [PMID: 34496060 PMCID: PMC8713746 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seronegative coeliac disease is poorly defined. AIMS To study clinical phenotypes and long-term outcomes of seronegative coeliac disease in a multicentre cohort over 20 years. METHODS Seronegative coeliac disease was diagnosed in HLA-DQ2/DQ8-positive patients with villous atrophy (VA), negative IgA endomysial (EmA), tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and deamidated-gliadin antibodies (DGP), clinical and histological response to a gluten-free diet (GFD), and no alternative causes for VA. In patients with IgA deficiency, coeliac disease was diagnosed through VA, positive IgG EmA/tTG/DGP and clinical/histological response to a GFD (coeliac disease+IgAd). Patients with seropositive coeliac disease served as controls. RESULTS Of 227 patients previously diagnosed with seronegative coeliac disease, true seronegative coeliac disease was confirmed in 84, coeliac disease+IgAd in 48, and excluded in 55. Lack of follow-up duodenal biopsy precluded diagnosing seronegative coeliac disease in 40 patients. 2084 patients with seropositive coeliac disease served as controls. True seronegative coeliac disease had more severe symptoms at diagnosis and a higher risk of complications (HR 10.87, 95% CI 6.11-19.33, P < 0.001) and mortality (HR 2.18, 95% CI 1.12-4.26, P < 0.01) than seropositive coeliac disease. There were no differences between true seronegative coeliac disease and coeliac disease+IgAd. On multivariate analysis, age at diagnosis, lack of clinical response to a GFD, true seronegative coeliac disease, coeliac disease+IgAd, and classical presentation predicted complications. Age at diagnosis, complications and absence of clinical response to a GFD predicted mortality. CONCLUSIONS Seronegative coeliac disease has a more aggressive disease phenotype than seropositive coeliac disease. These data argue against over-reliance on serology for the diagnosis of coeliac disease and support a strict clinical and histologic follow-up in seronegative coeliac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Schiepatti
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS Pavia, ICS Maugeri, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anupam Rej
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stiliano Maimaris
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS Pavia, ICS Maugeri, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simon S Cross
- Department of Histopathology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Petra Porta
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS Pavia, ICS Maugeri, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Imran Aziz
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Tim Key
- Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Sheffield, UK
| | - John Goodwin
- Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Sheffield, UK
| | - Amelie Therrien
- Celiac Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shakira Yoosuf
- Celiac Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel A Leffler
- Celiac Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jocelyn A Silvester
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine Klersy
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Biagi
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS Pavia, ICS Maugeri, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - David S Sanders
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
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11
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Peacock S, Briggs D, Barnardo M, Battle R, Brookes P, Callaghan C, Clark B, Collins C, Day S, Diaz Burlinson N, Dunn P, Fernando R, Fuggle S, Harmer A, Kallon D, Keegan D, Key T, Lawson E, Lloyd S, Martin J, McCaughan J, Middleton D, Partheniou F, Poles A, Rees T, Sage D, Santos-Nunez E, Shaw O, Willicombe M, Worthington J. BSHI/BTS guidance on crossmatching before deceased donor kidney transplantation. Int J Immunogenet 2021; 49:22-29. [PMID: 34555264 PMCID: PMC9292213 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
All UK H&I laboratories and transplant units operate under a single national kidney offering policy, but there have been variations in approach regarding when to undertake the pre‐transplant crossmatch test. In order to minimize cold ischaemia times for deceased donor kidney transplantation we sought to find ways to be able to report a crossmatch result as early as possible in the donation process. A panel of experts in transplant surgery, nephrology, specialist nursing in organ donation and H&I (all relevant UK laboratories represented) assessed evidence and opinion concerning five factors that relate to the effectiveness of the crossmatch process, as follows: when the result should be ready for reporting; what level of donor HLA typing is needed; crossmatch sample type and availability; fairness and equity; risks and patient safety. Guidelines aimed at improving practice based on these issues are presented, and we expect that following these will allow H&I laboratories to contribute to reducing CIT in deceased donor kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Peacock
- Tissue Typing Laboratory, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Briggs
- H&I Laboratory, NHSBT Birmingham Vincent Drive, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Barnardo
- Clinical Transplant Immunology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - R Battle
- H&I Laboratory, SNBTS, Edinburgh, UK
| | - P Brookes
- H&I Laboratory, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, UK
| | - C Callaghan
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - B Clark
- H&I Laboratory, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - C Collins
- H&I Laboratory, NHSBT Birmingham Vincent Drive, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Day
- H&I Laboratory, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - N Diaz Burlinson
- Transplantation Laboratory, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
| | - P Dunn
- Transplant Laboratory, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - R Fernando
- H&I Laboratory, The Anthony Nolan Laboratories, Royal Free Hospital, UK
| | - S Fuggle
- Organ Donation & Transplantation, NHSBT, Stoke Gifford, Bristol, UK
| | - A Harmer
- H&I Laboratory, NHSBT Barnsley Centre, Barnsley, UK
| | - D Kallon
- H & I Laboratory, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
| | - D Keegan
- Department of H&I, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, UK
| | - T Key
- H&I Laboratory, NHSBT Barnsley Centre, Barnsley, UK
| | - E Lawson
- Organ Donation and Transplantation, NHSBT, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Lloyd
- Welsh Transplantation & Immunogenetics Laboratory, Cardiff, UK
| | - J Martin
- H&I Laboratory, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - J McCaughan
- H&I Laboratory, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - D Middleton
- H&I Laboratory, Liverpool Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - F Partheniou
- H&I Laboratory, Liverpool Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Poles
- H&I Laboratory, University Hospitals Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.,H&I Laboratory, NHSBT Filton, Bristol, UK
| | - T Rees
- Welsh Transplantation & Immunogenetics Laboratory, Cardiff, UK
| | - D Sage
- H&I Laboratory, NHSBT Tooting Centre, London, UK
| | - E Santos-Nunez
- H&I Laboratory, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - O Shaw
- H&I Laboratory, Viapath, Guys & St Thomas, London, UK
| | - M Willicombe
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, UK
| | - J Worthington
- Transplantation Laboratory, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
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12
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Ahmed H, Hallam R, Webster G, Rej A, Croall ID, Coleman SH, Key T, Buckle R, Shaw CC, Goodwin J, Aziz I, Sanders DS. NCGS like IBS 'type' symptoms is a diagnosis of exclusion. Nutr J 2021; 20:79. [PMID: 34496849 PMCID: PMC8428112 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Ahmed
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK.
| | - R Hallam
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - G Webster
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - A Rej
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - I D Croall
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK.,Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - S H Coleman
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - T Key
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - R Buckle
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - C C Shaw
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - J Goodwin
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - I Aziz
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - D S Sanders
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
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13
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Breeur M, Ferrari P, Schmidt J, Travis R, Key T, Johansson M, Dossus L, Jenab M, Rinaldi S, Gunter M, Viallon V. 1304Pan-cancer analysis of pre-diagnostic blood metabolite concentrations in the EPIC study. Int J Epidemiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab168.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Metabolomics studies in cancer epidemiology have mostly focused on single metabolite-cancer site associations. Pan-cancer analyses may have larger statistical power when identifying metabolites showing consistent associations across cancer sites, while allowing the identification of site-specific associations.
Methods
Data from seven cancer-specific case-control studies nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Cohort (EPIC) were pooled, resulting in a total sample of 7,957 case-control pairs from eight cancer types (breast, colorectal, endometrial, gallbladder, kidney, localized prostate and advanced prostate cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma). A total of 117 pre-diagnostic blood metabolites were measured. After clustering the most highly correlated ones together, we studied the association between 50 features (metabolites or clusters of metabolites) and cancer risk in multivariate penalized conditional logistic regression models controlled for body mass index using the data shared lasso.
Results
We identified: (i) 8 features with consistent associations across cancer sites: e.g., glutamine and C4-acylcarnitine, one cluster of lysophosphatidylcholines and one of phosphatidylcholines were inversely associated with cancer, while C10-acylcarnitine, valine and proline showed positive associations; (ii) 11 features with heterogeneous associations across cancer sites: e.g., arginine was positively associated with colorectal cancer only, while one cluster of sphingomyelins was associated inversely with hepatocellular carcinoma and positively with endometrial cancer.
Conclusions
Our pan-cancer analysis notably identified metabolites showing consistent associations with cancer risk across different cancer-types.
Key messages
Our results could lead to the identification of common pathways shared across different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Breeur
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Julie Schmidt
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Laure Dossus
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Marc Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Vivian Viallon
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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14
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Robbins H, Alcala K, Swerdlow A, Schoemaker M, Wareham N, Key T, Travis R, Brennan P, Crosbie P, Callister M, Baldwin D, Landy R, Johansson M. P42.07 Comparative Performance of Lung Cancer Risk Models to Define Lung Screening Eligibility in the United Kingdom. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Aleksandrova K, Reichmann R, Kaaks R, Jenab M, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Dahm CC, Eriksen AK, Tjønneland A, Artaud F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Severi G, Hüsing A, Trichopoulou A, Karakatsani A, Peppa E, Panico S, Masala G, Grioni S, Sacerdote C, Tumino R, Elias SG, May AM, Borch KB, Sandanger TM, Skeie G, Sánchez MJ, Huerta JM, Sala N, Gurrea AB, Quirós JR, Amiano P, Berntsson J, Drake I, van Guelpen B, Harlid S, Key T, Weiderpass E, Aglago EK, Cross AJ, Tsilidis KK, Riboli E, Gunter MJ. Development and validation of a lifestyle-based model for colorectal cancer risk prediction: the LiFeCRC score. BMC Med 2021; 19:1. [PMID: 33390155 PMCID: PMC7780676 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01826-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition and lifestyle have been long established as risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC). Modifiable lifestyle behaviours bear potential to minimize long-term CRC risk; however, translation of lifestyle information into individualized CRC risk assessment has not been implemented. Lifestyle-based risk models may aid the identification of high-risk individuals, guide referral to screening and motivate behaviour change. We therefore developed and validated a lifestyle-based CRC risk prediction algorithm in an asymptomatic European population. METHODS The model was based on data from 255,482 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study aged 19 to 70 years who were free of cancer at study baseline (1992-2000) and were followed up to 31 September 2010. The model was validated in a sample comprising 74,403 participants selected among five EPIC centres. Over a median follow-up time of 15 years, there were 3645 and 981 colorectal cancer cases in the derivation and validation samples, respectively. Variable selection algorithms in Cox proportional hazard regression and random survival forest (RSF) were used to identify the best predictors among plausible predictor variables. Measures of discrimination and calibration were calculated in derivation and validation samples. To facilitate model communication, a nomogram and a web-based application were developed. RESULTS The final selection model included age, waist circumference, height, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, vegetables, dairy products, processed meat, and sugar and confectionary. The risk score demonstrated good discrimination overall and in sex-specific models. Harrell's C-index was 0.710 in the derivation cohort and 0.714 in the validation cohort. The model was well calibrated and showed strong agreement between predicted and observed risk. Random survival forest analysis suggested high model robustness. Beyond age, lifestyle data led to improved model performance overall (continuous net reclassification improvement = 0.307 (95% CI 0.264-0.352)), and especially for young individuals below 45 years (continuous net reclassification improvement = 0.364 (95% CI 0.084-0.575)). CONCLUSIONS LiFeCRC score based on age and lifestyle data accurately identifies individuals at risk for incident colorectal cancer in European populations and could contribute to improved prevention through motivating lifestyle change at an individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism Senior Scientist Group, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
- Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Robin Reichmann
- Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism Senior Scientist Group, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Fanny Artaud
- CESP, Faculté de Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Gianluca Severi
- CESP, Faculté de Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Dipartimento di Statistica, Informatica e Applicazioni "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anika Hüsing
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Anna Karakatsani
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- 2nd Pulmonary Medicine Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "ATTIKON" University Hospital, Haidari, Greece
| | | | - Salvatore Panico
- EPIC Centre of Naples, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Turin, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, Provincial Health Authority (ASP), Ragusa, Italy
| | - Sjoerd G Elias
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne M May
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kristin B Borch
- Department of Community Medicine, Health Faculty, UiT-the Arctic university of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, Health Faculty, UiT-the Arctic university of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Health Faculty, UiT-the Arctic university of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Maria-Jose Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Núria Sala
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte Gurrea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Amiano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jonna Berntsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Isabel Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bethany van Guelpen
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sophia Harlid
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Elom K Aglago
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marc J Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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16
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Du H, Guo Y, Bennett DA, Bragg F, Bian Z, Chadni M, Yu C, Chen Y, Tan Y, Millwood IY, Gan W, Yang L, Yao P, Luo G, Li J, Qin Y, Lv J, Lin X, Key T, Chen J, Clarke R, Li L, Chen Z. Red meat, poultry and fish consumption and risk of diabetes: a 9 year prospective cohort study of the China Kadoorie Biobank. Diabetologia 2020; 63:767-779. [PMID: 31970429 PMCID: PMC7054352 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05091-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Previous evidence linking red meat consumption with diabetes risk mainly came from western countries, with little evidence from China, where patterns of meat consumption are different. Moreover, global evidence remains inconclusive about the associations of poultry and fish consumption with diabetes. Therefore we investigated the associations of red meat, poultry and fish intake with incidence of diabetes in a Chinese population. METHODS The prospective China Kadoorie Biobank recruited ~512,000 adults (59% women, mean age 51 years) from ten rural and urban areas across China in 2004-2008. At the baseline survey, a validated interviewer-administered laptop-based questionnaire was used to collect information on the consumption frequency of major food groups including red meat, poultry, fish, fresh fruit and several others. During ~9 years of follow-up, 14,931 incidences of new-onset diabetes were recorded among 461,036 participants who had no prior diabetes, cardiovascular diseases or cancer at baseline. Cox regression analyses were performed to calculate adjusted HRs for incident diabetes associated with red meat, poultry and fish intake. RESULTS At baseline, 47.0%, 1.3% and 8.9% of participants reported a regular consumption (i.e. ≥4 days/week) of red meat, poultry and fish, respectively. After adjusting for adiposity and other potential confounders, each 50 g/day increase in red meat and fish intake was associated with 11% (HR 1.11 [95% CI 1.04, 1.20]) and 6% (HR 1.06 [95% CI 1.00, 1.13]) higher risk of incident diabetes, respectively. For both, the associations were more pronounced among men and women from urban areas, with an HR (95% CI) of 1.42 (1.15, 1.74) and 1.18 (1.03, 1.36), respectively, per 50 g/day red meat intake and 1.15 (1.02, 1.30) and 1.11 (1.01, 1.23), respectively, per 50 g/day fish intake. There was no significant association between diabetes and poultry intake, either overall (HR 0.96 [95% CI 0.83, 1.12] per 50 g/day intake) or in specific population subgroups. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In Chinese adults, both red meat and fish, but not poultry, intake were positively associated with diabetes risk, particularly among urban participants. Our findings add new evidence linking red meat and fish intake with cardiometabolic diseases. DATA AVAILABILITY Details of how to access the China Kadoorie Biobank data and rules of China Kadoorie Biobank data release are available from www.ckbiobank.org/site/Data+Access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaidong Du
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, no. 9 Dong Dan San Tiao, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Derrick A Bennett
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Fiona Bragg
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Zheng Bian
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, no. 9 Dong Dan San Tiao, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mahmuda Chadni
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, no. 9 Dong Dan San Tiao, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Wei Gan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ling Yang
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Pang Yao
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Guojin Luo
- Pengzhou CDC, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- Pengzhou CDC, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yulu Qin
- NCDs Prevention and Control Department, Liuzhou CDC, Guangxi Autonomous Zone, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Robert Clarke
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
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17
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Assi N, Rinaldi S, Viallon V, Dashti SG, Dossus L, Fournier A, Cervenka I, Kvaskoff M, Turzanski-Fortner R, Bergmann M, Boeing H, Panico S, Ricceri F, Palli D, Tumino R, Grioni S, José Sánchez Pérez M, Chirlaque MD, Bonet C, Barricarte Gurrea A, Amiano Etxezarreta P, Merino S, Bueno de Mesquita B, van Gils CH, Onland-Moret C, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Trichopoulou A, Martimianaki G, Karakatsani A, Key T, Chistakoudi S, Ellingjord-Dale M, Tsilidis K, Riboli E, Kaaks R, Gunter MJ, Ferrari P. Mediation analysis of the alcohol-postmenopausal breast cancer relationship by sex hormones in the EPIC cohort. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:759-768. [PMID: 30968961 PMCID: PMC6786903 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is associated with higher risk of breast cancer (BC); however, the biological mechanisms underlying this association are not fully elucidated, particularly the extent to which this relationship is mediated by sex hormone levels. Circulating concentrations of estradiol, testosterone, their free fractions and sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG), were examined in 430 incident BC cases and 645 matched controls among alcohol-consuming postmenopausal women nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Mediation analysis was applied to assess whether individual hormone levels mediated the relationship between alcohol intake and BC risk. An alcohol-related hormonal signature, obtained by partial least square (PLS) regression, was evaluated as a potential mediator. Total (TE), natural direct and natural indirect effects (NIE) were estimated. Alcohol intake was positively associated with overall BC risk and specifically with estrogen receptor-positive tumors with respectively TE = 1.17(95%CI: 1.01,1.35) and 1.36(1.08,1.70) for a 1-standard deviation (1-SD) increase of intake. There was no evidence of mediation by sex steroids or SHBG separately except for a weak indirect effect through free estradiol where NIE = 1.03(1.00,1.06). However, an alcohol-related hormonal signature negatively associated with SHBG and positively with estradiol and testosterone was associated with BC risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.25 [1.07,1.47]) for a 1-SD higher PLS score, and had a statistically significant NIE accounting for a mediated proportion of 24%. There was limited evidence of mediation of the alcohol-BC association by individual sex hormones. However, a hormonal signature, reflecting lower levels of SHBG and higher levels of sex steroids, mediated a substantial proportion of the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Assi
- Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Vivian Viallon
- Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - S. Ghazaleh Dashti
- Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
- Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Laure Dossus
- Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Agnès Fournier
- CESP, Fac. de médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Iris Cervenka
- CESP, Fac. de médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Marina Kvaskoff
- CESP, Fac. de médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Manuela Bergmann
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, “Civic -M.P.Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - María José Sánchez Pérez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS GRANADA, Universidad de Granada. Granada, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Catalina Bonet
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Av. Granvia de L’Hospitalet 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte Gurrea
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano Etxezarreta
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institue, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Bas Bueno de Mesquita
- Department. for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place W2 1PG London, UK
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Pantai Valley, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Carla H. van Gils
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Cancer Epidemiology University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Onland-Moret
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Cancer Epidemiology University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- The Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Anna Karakatsani
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Pulmonary Medicine Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “ATTIKON” University Hospital, Haidari, Greece
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia Chistakoudi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place W2 1PG London, UK
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, King’s College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Merete Ellingjord-Dale
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place W2 1PG London, UK
| | - Kostas Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place W2 1PG London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place W2 1PG London, UK
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
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18
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Heath AK, Muller DC, van den Brandt PA, Papadimitriou N, Critselis E, Gunter M, Vineis P, Weiderpass E, Fagherazzi G, Boeing H, Ferrari P, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Arveux P, Boutron-Ruault MC, Mancini FR, Kühn T, Turzanski-Fortner R, Schulze MB, Karakatsani A, Thriskos P, Trichopoulou A, Masala G, Contiero P, Ricceri F, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Bakker MF, van Gils CH, Olsen KS, Skeie G, Lasheras C, Agudo A, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Sánchez MJ, Amiano P, Chirlaque MD, Barricarte A, Drake I, Ericson U, Johansson I, Winkvist A, Key T, Freisling H, His M, Huybrechts I, Christakoudi S, Ellingjord-Dale M, Riboli E, Tsilidis KK, Tzoulaki I. Nutrient-wide association study of 92 foods and nutrients and breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:5. [PMID: 31931881 PMCID: PMC6958698 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1244-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several dietary factors have been reported to be associated with risk of breast cancer, but to date, unequivocal evidence only exists for alcohol consumption. We sought to systematically assess the association between intake of 92 foods and nutrients and breast cancer risk using a nutrient-wide association study. METHODS Using data from 272,098 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, we assessed dietary intake of 92 foods and nutrients estimated by dietary questionnaires. Cox regression was used to quantify the association between each food/nutrient and risk of breast cancer. A false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05 was used to select the set of foods and nutrients to be replicated in the independent Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). RESULTS Six foods and nutrients were identified as associated with risk of breast cancer in the EPIC study (10,979 cases). Higher intake of alcohol overall was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer (hazard ratio (HR) for a 1 SD increment in intake = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.07), as was beer/cider intake and wine intake (HRs per 1 SD increment = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.06 and 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.06, respectively), whereas higher intakes of fibre, apple/pear, and carbohydrates were associated with a lower risk of breast cancer (HRs per 1 SD increment = 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.98; 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.99; and 0.96, 95% CI 0.95-0.98, respectively). When evaluated in the NLCS (2368 cases), estimates for each of these foods and nutrients were similar in magnitude and direction, with the exception of beer/cider intake, which was not associated with risk in the NLCS. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm a positive association of alcohol consumption and suggest an inverse association of dietary fibre and possibly fruit intake with breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
| | - David C Muller
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Piet A van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nikos Papadimitriou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Elena Critselis
- Proteomics Facility, Center for Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Marc Gunter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Center of Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Inserm U1018, Paris-South Paris-Saclay University, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patrick Arveux
- Center of Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Inserm U1018, Paris-South Paris-Saclay University, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Breast and Gynaecologic Cancer Registry of Côte d'Or, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Centre, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Center of Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Inserm U1018, Paris-South Paris-Saclay University, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- Center of Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Inserm U1018, Paris-South Paris-Saclay University, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Anna Karakatsani
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- 2nd Pulmonary Medicine Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "ATTIKON" University Hospital, Haidari, Greece
| | | | | | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Contiero
- Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Pantai Valley, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Marije F Bakker
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carla H van Gils
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karina Standahl Olsen
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Cristina Lasheras
- Functional Biology Department, School of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, Group of Research on Nutrition and Cancer, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet of Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Granada (UGR), Granada, Spain
| | - Maria-José Sánchez
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Granada (UGR), Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, Murcia, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Isabel Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Anna Winkvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Mathilde His
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Sofia Christakoudi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Merete Ellingjord-Dale
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
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19
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Farooqui A, Key T, Ihekwaba U, Hogrefe K. Pacemaker Lead Perforation Mimicking Symptoms of Acute Pulmonary Embolism. Acute Med 2020; 19:145-148. [PMID: 33020758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial perforation is a rare yet serious complication following cardiac pacemaker or defibrillator device procedures. In this article, the authors describe a case of right ventricular pacemaker lead perforation presenting to our hospital's medical assessment unit with a clinical presentation suggestive of an acute pulmonary embolism. Treatment dose low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was commenced while awaiting CT scan. CT images were negative for PE however demonstrated RV lead perforation. Echocardiogram demonstrated pericardial effusion with the tip of RV lead in the pericardial free space. A rapid deterioration in the patient's haemodynamics prompted an emergency pericardial drain insertion and successful RV lead re-position in the cardiac catheter lab. The patient recovered well and was discharged with routine pacemaker clinic follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Farooqui
- Department of Cardiology, Kettering General Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - T Key
- Department of Cardiology, Kettering General Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - U Ihekwaba
- Department of Cardiology, Kettering General Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - K Hogrefe
- Department of Cardiology, Kettering General Hospital, United Kingdom
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20
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Kuan AS, Green J, Kitahara CM, De González AB, Key T, K. Reeves G, Floud S, Balkwill A, Bradbury K, Liao LM, Freedman ND, Beral V, Sweetland S. Diet and risk of glioma: combined analysis of 3 large prospective studies in the UK and USA. Neuro Oncol 2019; 21:944-952. [PMID: 30690490 PMCID: PMC6620629 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Available evidence on diet and glioma risk comes mainly from studies with retrospective collection of dietary data. To minimize possible differential dietary recall between those with and without glioma, we present findings from 3 large prospective studies. METHODS Participants included 692 176 from the UK Million Women Study, 470 780 from the US National Institutes of Health-AARP study, and 99 148 from the US Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Cox regression yielded study-specific adjusted relative risks for glioma in relation to 15 food groups, 14 nutrients, and 3 dietary patterns, which were combined, weighted by inverse variances of the relative risks. Separate analyses by <5 and ≥5 years follow-up assessed potential biases related to changes of diet before glioma diagnosis. RESULTS The 1 262 104 participants (mean age, 60.6 y [SD 5.5] at baseline) were followed for 15.4 million person-years (mean 12.2 y/participant), during which 2313 incident gliomas occurred, at mean age 68.2 (SD 6.4). Overall, there was weak evidence for increased glioma risks associated with increasing intakes of total fruit, citrus fruit, and fiber and healthy dietary patterns, but these associations were generally null after excluding the first 5 years of follow-up. There was little evidence for heterogeneity of results by study or by sex. CONCLUSIONS The largest prospective evidence to date suggests little, if any, association between major food groups, nutrients, or common healthy dietary patterns and glioma incidence. With the statistical power of this study and the comprehensive nature of the investigation here, it seems unlikely we have overlooked major effects of diet on risk of glioma that would be of public health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Seon Kuan
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jane Green
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cari M Kitahara
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Amy Berrington De González
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gillian K. Reeves
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Floud
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Angela Balkwill
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kathryn Bradbury
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Linda M Liao
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Valerie Beral
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Siân Sweetland
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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21
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Gasull M, Pumarega J, Kiviranta H, Rantakokko P, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Bergdahl IA, Sandanger TM, Goñi F, Cirera L, Donat-Vargas C, Alguacil J, Iglesias M, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Mancini FR, Boutron-Ruault MC, Severi G, Johnson T, Kühn T, Trichopoulou A, Karakatsani A, Peppa E, Palli D, Pala V, Tumino R, Naccarati A, Panico S, Verschuren M, Vermeulen R, Rylander C, Nøst TH, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Molinuevo A, Chirlaque MD, Ardanaz E, Sund M, Key T, Ye W, Jenab M, Michaud D, Matullo G, Canzian F, Kaaks R, Nieters A, Nöthlings U, Jeurnink S, Chajes V, Matejcic M, Gunter M, Aune D, Riboli E, Agudo A, Gonzalez CA, Weiderpass E, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Duell EJ, Vineis P, Porta M. Methodological issues in a prospective study on plasma concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and pancreatic cancer risk within the EPIC cohort. Environ Res 2019; 169:417-433. [PMID: 30529143 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of biomarkers of environmental exposure to explore new risk factors for pancreatic cancer presents clinical, logistic, and methodological challenges that are also relevant in research on other complex diseases. OBJECTIVES First, to summarize the main design features of a prospective case-control study -nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort- on plasma concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and pancreatic cancer risk. And second, to assess the main methodological challenges posed by associations among characteristics and habits of study participants, fasting status, time from blood draw to cancer diagnosis, disease progression bias, basis of cancer diagnosis, and plasma concentrations of lipids and POPs. Results from etiologic analyses on POPs and pancreatic cancer risk, and other analyses, will be reported in future articles. METHODS Study subjects were 1533 participants (513 cases and 1020 controls matched by study centre, sex, age at blood collection, date and time of blood collection, and fasting status) enrolled between 1992 and 2000. Plasma concentrations of 22 POPs were measured by gas chromatography - triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). To estimate the magnitude of the associations we calculated multivariate-adjusted odds ratios by unconditional logistic regression, and adjusted geometric means by General Linear Regression Models. RESULTS There were differences among countries in subjects' characteristics (as age, gender, smoking, lipid and POP concentrations), and in study characteristics (as time from blood collection to index date, year of last follow-up, length of follow-up, basis of cancer diagnosis, and fasting status). Adjusting for centre and time of blood collection, no factors were significantly associated with fasting status. Plasma concentrations of lipids were related to age, body mass index, fasting, country, and smoking. We detected and quantified 16 of the 22 POPs in more than 90% of individuals. All 22 POPs were detected in some participants, and the smallest number of POPs detected in one person was 15 (median, 19) with few differences by country. The highest concentrations were found for p,p'-DDE, PCBs 153 and 180 (median concentration: 3371, 1023, and 810 pg/mL, respectively). We assessed the possible occurrence of disease progression bias (DPB) in eight situations defined by lipid and POP measurements, on one hand, and by four factors: interval from blood draw to index date, tumour subsite, tumour stage, and grade of differentiation, on the other. In seven of the eight situations results supported the absence of DPB. CONCLUSIONS The coexistence of differences across study centres in some design features and participant characteristics is of relevance to other multicentre studies. Relationships among subjects' characteristics and among such characteristics and design features may play important roles in the forthcoming analyses on the association between plasma concentrations of POPs and pancreatic cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Gasull
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Pumarega
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Security, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Security, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Ingvar A Bergdahl
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Fernando Goñi
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute; Public Health Laboratory in Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Lluís Cirera
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB - Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Juan Alguacil
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Mar Iglesias
- Department of Pathology, Hospital del Mar (PSMar), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- CESP, Faculté de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- CESP, Faculté de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- CESP, Faculté de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Theron Johnson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Anna Karakatsani
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; 2nd Pulmonary Medicine Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "ATTIKON" University Hospital, Haidari, Greece
| | | | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Valeria Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, "Civic - M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Monique Verschuren
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotta Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Amaia Molinuevo
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute; Public Health Laboratory in Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB - Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Malin Sund
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Dominique Michaud
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppe Matullo
- Department Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine -IIGM/HuGeF, Torino, Italy
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Nieters
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Molecular Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Suzanne Jeurnink
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Veronique Chajes
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Marco Matejcic
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Marc Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antoni Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-Idibell), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway; Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-Idibell), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Miquel Porta
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Obazee O, Capurso G, Tavano F, Archibugi L, De Bonis A, Greenhalf W, Key T, Pasquali C, Milanetto AC, Hackert T, Fogar P, Lico V, Dervenis C, Lawlor RT, Landoni L, Gazouli M, Zambon CF, Funel N, Strobel O, Jamroziak K, Cantu C, Malecka-Panas E, Landi S, Neoptolemos JP, Basso D, Talar-Wojnarowska R, Rinzivillo M, Andriulli A, Canzian F, Campa D. Common genetic variants associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma may also modify risk of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:969. [PMID: 29868886 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ofure Obazee
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Capurso
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Tavano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Livia Archibugi
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio De Bonis
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - William Greenhalf
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Claudio Pasquali
- Pancreatic and Digestive Endocrine Surgery - Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology -DiSCOG, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Caterina Milanetto
- Pancreatic and Digestive Endocrine Surgery - Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology -DiSCOG, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paola Fogar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Valbona Lico
- Pancreatic and Digestive Endocrine Surgery - Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology -DiSCOG, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Christos Dervenis
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Metropolitan General Hospital, Pireas, Greece
| | - Rita T Lawlor
- ARC-NET Center for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Landoni
- Department of Surgery, Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Niccola Funel
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Oliver Strobel
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Cinzia Cantu
- ARC-NET Center for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ewa Malecka-Panas
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Stefano Landi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - John P Neoptolemos
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Daniela Basso
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Maria Rinzivillo
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Andriulli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniele Campa
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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23
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Landais E, Moskal A, Mullee A, Nicolas G, Gunter MJ, Huybrechts I, Overvad K, Roswall N, Affret A, Fagherazzi G, Mahamat-Saleh Y, Katzke V, Kühn T, La Vecchia C, Trichopoulou A, Valanou E, Saieva C, Santucci de Magistris M, Sieri S, Braaten T, Skeie G, Weiderpass E, Ardanaz E, Chirlaque MD, Garcia JR, Jakszyn P, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Brunkwall L, Huseinovic E, Nilsson L, Wallström P, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Peeters PH, Aune D, Key T, Lentjes M, Riboli E, Slimani N, Freisling H. Coffee and Tea Consumption and the Contribution of Their Added Ingredients to Total Energy and Nutrient Intakes in 10 European Countries: Benchmark Data from the Late 1990s. Nutrients 2018; 10:E725. [PMID: 29874819 PMCID: PMC6024313 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee and tea are among the most commonly consumed nonalcoholic beverages worldwide, but methodological differences in assessing intake often hamper comparisons across populations. We aimed to (i) describe coffee and tea intakes and (ii) assess their contribution to intakes of selected nutrients in adults across 10 European countries. METHOD Between 1995 and 2000, a standardized 24-h dietary recall was conducted among 36,018 men and women from 27 European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study centres. Adjusted arithmetic means of intakes were estimated in grams (=volume) per day by sex and centre. Means of intake across centres were compared by sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle factors. RESULTS In women, the mean daily intake of coffee ranged from 94 g/day (~0.6 cups) in Greece to 781 g/day (~4.4 cups) in Aarhus (Denmark), and tea from 14 g/day (~0.1 cups) in Navarra (Spain) to 788 g/day (~4.3 cups) in the UK general population. Similar geographical patterns for mean daily intakes of both coffee and tea were observed in men. Current smokers as compared with those who reported never smoking tended to drink on average up to 500 g/day more coffee and tea combined, but with substantial variation across centres. Other individuals' characteristics such as educational attainment or age were less predictive. In all centres, coffee and tea contributed to less than 10% of the energy intake. The greatest contribution to total sugar intakes was observed in Southern European centres (up to ~20%). CONCLUSION Coffee and tea intake and their contribution to energy and sugar intake differed greatly among European adults. Variation in consumption was mostly driven by geographical region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwige Landais
- UMR Nutripass, IRD-UM-Sup'Agro, 34394 Montpellier, France.
| | - Aurélie Moskal
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France.
| | - Amy Mullee
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France.
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Woodview House, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Geneviève Nicolas
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France.
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France.
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France.
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Bartholins Alle 2, room 2.26, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Nina Roswall
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Diet, Genes and Environment, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Aurélie Affret
- Inserm CESP U1018, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Inserm CESP U1018, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Yahya Mahamat-Saleh
- Inserm CESP U1018, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Verena Katzke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tilman Kühn
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy.
| | | | | | - Calogero Saieva
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, ISPO Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | | | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Tonje Braaten
- Department of Community Medicine UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, NO-0304 Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinkiv, Finland.
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31003 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria-Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30008 Murcia, Spain.
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, 30008 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Jose Ramon Garcia
- EPIC Asturias, Public Health Directorate, Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Paula Jakszyn
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, 18011 Granada, Spain.
- Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Universidad de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain.
| | | | - Ena Huseinovic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Lena Nilsson
- Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, and Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden.
| | | | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Petra H Peeters
- University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - Marleen Lentjes
- Strangeways Research Laboratories, Department of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Nadia Slimani
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France.
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France.
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24
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Cai Y, Hodgson S, Blangiardo M, Gulliver J, Morley D, Fecht D, Vienneau D, de Hoogh K, Key T, Hveem K, Elliott P, Hansell AL. Road traffic noise, air pollution and incident cardiovascular disease: A joint analysis of the HUNT, EPIC-Oxford and UK Biobank cohorts. Environ Int 2018; 114:191-201. [PMID: 29518662 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-term exposure to road traffic noise and air pollution on incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in three large cohorts: HUNT, EPIC-Oxford and UK Biobank. METHODS In pooled complete-case sample of the three cohorts from Norway and the United Kingdom (N = 355,732), 21,081 incident all CVD cases including 5259 ischemic heart disease (IHD) and 2871 cerebrovascular cases were ascertained between baseline (1993-2010) and end of follow-up (2008-2013) through medical record linkage. Annual mean 24-hour weighted road traffic noise (Lden) and air pollution (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm [PM10], ≤2.5 μm [PM2.5] and nitrogen dioxide [NO2]) exposure at baseline address was modelled using a simplified version of the Common Noise Assessment Methods in Europe (CNOSSOS-EU) and European-wide Land Use Regression models. Individual-level covariate data were harmonised and physically pooled across the three cohorts. Analysis was via Cox proportional hazard model with mutual adjustments for both noise and air pollution and potential confounders. RESULTS No significant associations were found between annual mean Lden and incident CVD, IHD or cerebrovascular disease in the overall population except that the association with incident IHD was significant among current-smokers. In the fully adjusted models including adjustment for Lden, an interquartile range (IQR) higher PM10 (4.1 μg/m3) or PM2.5 (1.4 μg/m3) was associated with a 5.8% (95%CI: 2.5%-9.3%) and 3.7% (95%CI: 0.2%-7.4%) higher risk for all incident CVD respectively. No significant associations were found between NO2 and any of the CVD outcomes. CONCLUSIONS We found suggestive evidence of a possible association between road traffic noise and incident IHD, consistent with current literature. Long-term particulate air pollution exposure, even at concentrations below current European air quality standards, was significantly associated with incident CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Cai
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Susan Hodgson
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Blangiardo
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Gulliver
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Morley
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Fecht
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kristian Hveem
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Paul Elliott
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Directorate of Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna L Hansell
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Directorate of Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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25
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Obazee O, Capurso G, Tavano F, Archibugi L, De Bonis A, Greenhalf W, Key T, Pasquali C, Milanetto AC, Hackert T, Fogar P, Liço V, Dervenis C, Lawlor RT, Landoni L, Gazouli M, Zambon CF, Funel N, Strobel O, Jamroziak K, Cantù C, Malecka-Panas E, Landi S, Neoptolemos JP, Basso D, Talar-Wojnarowska R, Rinzivillo M, Andriulli A, Canzian F, Campa D. Common genetic variants associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma may also modify risk of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:360-367. [PMID: 29309705 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNEN) account for less than 5% of all pancreatic neoplasms and genetic association studies on susceptibility to the disease are limited. We sought to identify possible overlap of genetic susceptibility loci between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and pNEN; therefore, PDAC susceptibility variants (n = 23) from Caucasian genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were genotyped in 369 pNEN cases and 3277 controls from the PANcreatic Disease ReseArch (PANDoRA) consortium to evaluate the odds associated with pNEN risk, disease onset and tumor characteristics. Main effect analyses showed four PDAC susceptibility variants-rs9854771, rs1561927, rs9543325 and rs10919791 to be associated with pNEN risk. Subsequently, only associations with rs9543325, rs10919791 and rs1561927 were noteworthy with false positive report probability (FPRP) tests. Stratified analyses considering age at onset (50-year threshold), showed rs2736098, rs16986825 and rs9854771 to be associated with risk of developing pNEN at a younger age. Stratified analyses also showed some single nucleotide polymorphisms to be associated with different degrees of tumor grade, metastatic potential and functionality. Our results identify known GWAS PDAC susceptibility loci, which may also be involved in sporadic pNEN etiology and suggest that some genetic mechanisms governing pathogenesis of these two entities may be similar, with few of these loci being more influential in younger cases or tumor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofure Obazee
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Capurso
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Francesca Tavano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Livia Archibugi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Antonio De Bonis
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - William Greenhalf
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Claudio Pasquali
- Pancreatic and Digestive Endocrine Surgery - Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology -DiSCOG, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Caterina Milanetto
- Pancreatic and Digestive Endocrine Surgery - Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology -DiSCOG, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paola Fogar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Valbona Liço
- Pancreatic and Digestive Endocrine Surgery - Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology -DiSCOG, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Christos Dervenis
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Metropolitan General Hospital, Pireas, Greece
| | - Rita T Lawlor
- ARC-NET Center for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Landoni
- Department of Surgery, Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Niccola Funel
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Oliver Strobel
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Cinzia Cantù
- ARC-NET Center for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ewa Malecka-Panas
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Stefano Landi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - John P Neoptolemos
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Daniela Basso
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Maria Rinzivillo
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Andriulli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniele Campa
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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26
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Chajès V, Assi N, Biessy C, Ferrari P, Rinaldi S, Slimani N, Lenoir GM, Baglietto L, His M, Boutron-Ruault MC, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, Katsoulis M, Kaaks R, Kühn T, Panico S, Pala V, Masala G, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, van Gils C, Hjartåker A, Standahl Olsen K, Borgund Barnung R, Barricarte A, Redondo-Sanchez D, Menéndez V, Amiano P, Wennberg M, Key T, Khaw KT, Merritt MA, Riboli E, Gunter MJ, Romieu I. A prospective evaluation of plasma phospholipid fatty acids and breast cancer risk in the EPIC study. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:2836-2842. [PMID: 28950350 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intakes of specific fatty acids have been postulated to impact breast cancer risk but epidemiological data based on dietary questionnaires remain conflicting. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed the association between plasma phospholipid fatty acids and breast cancer risk in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Sixty fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography in pre-diagnostic plasma phospholipids from 2982 incident breast cancer cases matched to 2982 controls. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate relative risk of breast cancer by fatty acid level. The false discovery rate (q values) was computed to control for multiple comparisons. Subgroup analyses were carried out by estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor expression in the tumours. RESULTS A high level of palmitoleic acid [odds ratio (OR) for the highest quartile compared with the lowest OR (Q4-Q1) 1.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.14-1.64; P for trend = 0.0001, q value = 0.004] as well as a high desaturation index (DI16) (16:1n-7/16:0) [OR (Q4-Q1), 1.28; 95% C, 1.07-1.54; P for trend = 0.002, q value = 0.037], as biomarkers of de novo lipogenesis, were significantly associated with increased risk of breast cancer. Levels of industrial trans-fatty acids were positively associated with ER-negative tumours [OR for the highest tertile compared with the lowest (T3-T1)=2.01; 95% CI, 1.03-3.90; P for trend = 0.047], whereas no association was found for ER-positive tumours (P-heterogeneity =0.01). No significant association was found between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and breast cancer risk, overall or by hormonal receptor. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that increased de novo lipogenesis, acting through increased synthesis of palmitoleic acid, could be a relevant metabolic pathway for breast tumourigenesis. Dietary trans-fatty acids derived from industrial processes may specifically increase ER-negative breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Chajès
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon.
| | - N Assi
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon
| | - C Biessy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon
| | - P Ferrari
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon
| | - S Rinaldi
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon
| | - N Slimani
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon
| | | | - L Baglietto
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
| | - M His
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
| | - M C Boutron-Ruault
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
| | - A Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens; WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - P Lagiou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens; WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | | | - R Kaaks
- The German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Kühn
- The German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Panico
- Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples
| | - V Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan
| | - G Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute - ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - H B Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - P H Peeters
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C van Gils
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Hjartåker
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - K Standahl Olsen
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø-UiT-The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - R Borgund Barnung
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø-UiT-The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - A Barricarte
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Madrid
| | - D Redondo-Sanchez
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Madrid; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Granada; Universidad de Granada, Granada
| | | | - P Amiano
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Madrid; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Health Department, Basque Region, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - M Wennberg
- Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - T Key
- The Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford
| | - K T Khaw
- University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - M A Merritt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - E Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon
| | - I Romieu
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon
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27
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Obón-Santacana M, Lujan-Barroso L, Freisling H, Cadeau C, Fagherazzi G, Boutron-Ruault MC, Kaaks R, Fortner RT, Boeing H, Ramón Quirós J, Molina-Montes E, Chamosa S, Castaño JMH, Ardanaz E, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Key T, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, Naska A, Palli D, Grioni S, Tumino R, Vineis P, De Magistris MS, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Wennberg M, Bergdahl IA, Vesper H, Riboli E, Duell EJ. Dietary and lifestyle determinants of acrylamide and glycidamide hemoglobin adducts in non-smoking postmenopausal women from the EPIC cohort. Eur J Nutr 2017; 56:1157-1168. [PMID: 26850269 PMCID: PMC5576523 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acrylamide was classified as 'probably carcinogenic' to humans in 1994 by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In 2002, public health concern increased when acrylamide was identified in starchy, plant-based foods, processed at high temperatures. The purpose of this study was to identify which food groups and lifestyle variables were determinants of hemoglobin adduct concentrations of acrylamide (HbAA) and glycidamide (HbGA) in 801 non-smoking postmenopausal women from eight countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. METHODS Biomarkers of internal exposure were measured in red blood cells (collected at baseline) by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) . In this cross-sectional analysis, four dependent variables were evaluated: HbAA, HbGA, sum of total adducts (HbAA + HbGA), and their ratio (HbGA/HbAA). Simple and multiple regression analyses were used to identify determinants of the four outcome variables. All dependent variables (except HbGA/HbAA) and all independent variables were log-transformed (log2) to improve normality. Median (25th-75th percentile) HbAA and HbGA adduct levels were 41.3 (32.8-53.1) pmol/g Hb and 34.2 (25.4-46.9) pmol/g Hb, respectively. RESULTS The main food group determinants of HbAA, HbGA, and HbAA + HbGA were biscuits, crackers, and dry cakes. Alcohol intake and body mass index were identified as the principal determinants of HbGA/HbAA. The total percent variation in HbAA, HbGA, HbAA + HbGA, and HbGA/HbAA explained in this study was 30, 26, 29, and 13 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Dietary and lifestyle factors explain a moderate proportion of acrylamide adduct variation in non-smoking postmenopausal women from the EPIC cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Obón-Santacana
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (ICO-IDIBELL), Avda Gran Via Barcelona 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leila Lujan-Barroso
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (ICO-IDIBELL), Avda Gran Via Barcelona 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, France
| | - Claire Cadeau
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Inserm, 94805, Villejuif, France
- UMRS 1018, Université Paris Sud, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Inserm, 94805, Villejuif, France
- UMRS 1018, Université Paris Sud, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Inserm, 94805, Villejuif, France
- UMRS 1018, Université Paris Sud, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renée T Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114/116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - J Ramón Quirós
- Public Health and Participation Directorate, Ciriaco Miguel Vigil 9, 33009, Asturias, Spain
| | - Esther Molina-Montes
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Universidad de Granada, Cuesta del Observatorio, 4, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, 18080, Granada, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Saioa Chamosa
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa-BIODONOSTIA, Basque Regional Health Department, Avda. Navarra, 4, 20013, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - José María Huerta Castaño
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Authority, Ronda de Levante, 11, 30008, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Navarre Public Health Institute, Polígono de Landaben C/F, 31012, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, 184 Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 8PQ, UK
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 13 Kaisareias Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, 23 Alexandroupoleos Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, 75 M. Asias Street, Goudi, 115 27, Athens, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Androniki Naska
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 13 Kaisareias Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, 75 M. Asias Street, Goudi, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Domenico Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Ponte Nuovo, Via delle Oblate n.2, 50141, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian, 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic-M.P.Arezzo" Hospital, Via Civile, 97100, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Maria Santucci De Magistris
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Corso Umberto I, 40bis, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - H B Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Huispost Str. 6.131, 3508GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Wennberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 1A, 9 tr, Kirurgcentrum, 952, 901 85, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ingvar A Bergdahl
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, 1A, 9 tr, Kirurgcentrum, 952, 901 85, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hubert Vesper
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MS F25, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (ICO-IDIBELL), Avda Gran Via Barcelona 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain.
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28
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Orfanos P, Naska A, Rodrigues S, Lopes C, Freisling H, Rohrmann S, Sieri S, Elmadfa I, Lachat C, Gedrich K, Boeing H, Katzke V, Turrini A, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Mattiello A, Palli D, Ocké M, Engeset D, Oltarzewski M, Nilsson LM, Key T, Trichopoulou A. Eating at restaurants, at work or at home. Is there a difference? A study among adults of 11 European countries in the context of the HECTOR* project. Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 71:407-419. [PMID: 27966568 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To compare macronutrient intakes out of home-by location-to those at home and to investigate differences in total daily intakes between individuals consuming more than half of their daily energy out of home and those eating only at home. SUBJECTS/METHODS Data collected through 24-h recalls or diaries among 23 766 European adults. Participants were grouped as 'non-substantial', 'intermediate' and 'very substantial out-of-home' eaters based on energy intake out of home. Mean macronutrient intakes were estimated at home and out of home (overall, at restaurants, at work). Study/cohort-specific mean differences in total intakes between the 'very substantial out-of-home' and the 'at-home' eaters were estimated through linear regression and pooled estimates were derived. RESULTS At restaurants, men consumed 29% of their energy as fat, 15% as protein, 45% as carbohydrates and 11% as alcohol. Among women, fat contributed 33% of energy intake at restaurants, protein 16%, carbohydrates 45% and alcohol 6%. When eating at work, both sexes reported 30% of energy from fat and 55% from carbohydrates. Intakes at home were higher in fat and lower in carbohydrates and alcohol. Total daily intakes of the 'very substantial out-of-home' eaters were generally similar to those of individuals eating only at home, apart from lower carbohydrate and higher alcohol intakes among individuals eating at restaurants. CONCLUSIONS In a large population of adults from 11 European countries, eating at work was generally similar to eating at home. Alcoholic drinks were the primary contributors of higher daily energy intakes among individuals eating substantially at restaurants.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Orfanos
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - A Naska
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - S Rodrigues
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, and Institute of Public Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Lopes
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Porto Medical School/Institute of Public Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - H Freisling
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - S Rohrmann
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - I Elmadfa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Lachat
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Nutrition and Child Health Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - K Gedrich
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, TUM Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - H Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - V Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Turrini
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Center for Food and Nutrition (CREA-Alimenti e Nutrizione), Rome, Italy
| | - R Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, 'Civic M.P.Arezzo' Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - F Ricceri
- Department of Economics and Statistics, 'Cognetti de Martiis' University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Turin, Italy
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - A Mattiello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - D Palli
- Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy
| | - M Ocké
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - D Engeset
- Department of Public Health, Sport and Nutrition, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | | | - L M Nilsson
- Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Arcum, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - T Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A Trichopoulou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
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29
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Fortner RT, Sarink D, Schock H, Johnson T, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Overvad K, Affret A, His M, Boutron-Ruault MC, Boeing H, Trichopoulou A, Naska A, Orfanos P, Palli D, Sieri S, Mattiello A, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PHM, Van Gils CH, Weiderpass E, Lund E, Quirós JR, Agudo A, Sánchez MJ, Chirlaque MD, Ardanaz E, Dorronsoro M, Key T, Khaw KT, Rinaldi S, Dossus L, Gunter M, Merritt MA, Riboli E, Kaaks R. Osteoprotegerin and breast cancer risk by hormone receptor subtype: a nested case-control study in the EPIC cohort. BMC Med 2017; 15:26. [PMID: 28173834 PMCID: PMC5297136 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-017-0786-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating osteoprotegerin (OPG), a member of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) axis, may influence breast cancer risk via its role as the decoy receptor for both the RANK ligand (RANKL) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Circulating OPG and breast cancer risk has been examined in only one prior study. METHODS A case-control study was nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. A total of 2008 incident invasive breast cancer cases (estrogen receptor (ER)+, n = 1622; ER-, n = 386), matched 1:1 to controls, were included in the analysis. Women were predominantly postmenopausal at blood collection (77%); postmenopausal women included users and non-users of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT). Serum OPG was quantified with an electrochemiluminescence assay. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS The associations between OPG and ER+ and ER- breast cancer differed significantly. Higher concentrations of OPG were associated with increased risk of ER- breast cancer (top vs. bottom tertile RR = 1.93 [95% CI 1.24-3.02]; p trend = 0.03). We observed a suggestive inverse association for ER+ disease overall and among women premenopausal at blood collection. Results for ER- disease did not differ by menopausal status at blood collection (p het = 0.97), and we observed no heterogeneity by HT use at blood collection (p het ≥ 0.43) or age at breast cancer diagnosis (p het ≥ 0.30). CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first prospective data on OPG and breast cancer risk by hormone receptor subtype. High circulating OPG may represent a novel risk factor for ER- breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée T. Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Danja Sarink
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helena Schock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theron Johnson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Olsen
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Aurélie Affret
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Mathilde His
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Androniki Naska
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Philippos Orfanos
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute – ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Department of Preventive & Predictive Medicine Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Amalia Mattiello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, “Civic - M.p.Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Petra H. M. Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Carla H. Van Gils
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eiliv Lund
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer. Cancer Epidemiology Research Program. Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL. L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-José Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Public Health Direction and Biodonostia Research Institute CIBERESP, Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Tim Key
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Laure Dossus
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Marc Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Melissa A. Merritt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Wark PA, Romaguera D, Bhoo-Pathy N, Michaud D, Molina-Montes E, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Overvad K, Boutron-Ruault MC, Clavel-Chapelon F, Fagherazzi G, Katzke VA, Kühn T, Steffen A, Trichopoulou A, Klinaki E, Papatesta EM, Masala G, Krogh V, Tumino R, Naccarati A, Mattiello A, Peeters PH, Rylander C, Parr CL, Skeie G, Weiderpass E, Quirós JR, Duell EJ, Dorronsoro M, Huerta JM, Ardanaz E, Wareham N, Khaw KT, Travis RC, Key T, Stepien M, Freisling H, Riboli E, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB. Sweet-beverage consumption and risk of pancreatic cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 104:760-8. [PMID: 27510540 PMCID: PMC6241849 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.130963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The consumption of sweet beverages has been associated with greater risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity, which may be involved in the development of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that sweet beverages may increase pancreatic cancer risk as well. OBJECTIVE We examined the association between sweet-beverage consumption (including total, sugar-sweetened, and artificially sweetened soft drink and juice and nectar consumption) and pancreatic cancer risk. DESIGN The study was conducted within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. A total of 477,199 participants (70.2% women) with a mean age of 51 y at baseline were included, and 865 exocrine pancreatic cancers were diagnosed after a median follow-up of 11.60 y (IQR: 10.10-12.60 y). Sweet-beverage consumption was assessed with the use of validated dietary questionnaires at baseline. HRs and 95% CIs were obtained with the use of multivariable Cox regression models that were stratified by age, sex, and center and adjusted for educational level, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. Associations with total soft-drink consumption were adjusted for juice and nectar consumption and vice versa. RESULTS Total soft-drink consumption (HR per 100 g/d: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.07), sugar-sweetened soft-drink consumption (HR per 100 g/d: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.08), and artificially sweetened soft-drink consumption (HR per 100 g/d: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.10) were not associated with pancreatic cancer risk. Juice and nectar consumption was inversely associated with pancreatic cancer risk (HR per 100 g/d: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.99); this association remained statistically significant after adjustment for body size, type 2 diabetes, and energy intake. CONCLUSIONS Soft-drink consumption does not seem to be associated with pancreatic cancer risk. Juice and nectar consumption might be associated with a modest decreased pancreatic cancer risk. Additional studies with specific information on juice and nectar subtypes are warranted to clarify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Navarrete-Muñoz
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain; The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Epidemology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Petra A Wark
- Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Medical Research Institute of Palma, University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - Nirmala Bhoo-Pathy
- Julius Centre University of Malaya, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dominique Michaud
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Esther Molina-Montes
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Epidemology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Andalusian School of Public Health. Biomedical Research Institute of Granada; University Hospital of Granada/Granada University, Granada, Spain
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Anja Olsen
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health team, National Institute for Health and Medical Research, Villejuif, France; UMRS 1018, Université Paris Sud, Villejuif, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Françoise Clavel-Chapelon
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health team, National Institute for Health and Medical Research, Villejuif, France; UMRS 1018, Université Paris Sud, Villejuif, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health team, National Institute for Health and Medical Research, Villejuif, France; UMRS 1018, Université Paris Sud, Villejuif, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Verena A Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika Steffen
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Giovanna Masala
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic - M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Human Genetics Foundation,Torino, Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Torino, Italy
| | - Amalia Mattiello
- Dipartamento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Petra H Peeters
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Charlotta Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø-the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Christine L Parr
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø-the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø-the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Epidemology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Public Health Direction Biodonostia Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Epidemology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Epidemology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, and Clinical Gerontology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Magdalena Stepien
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands; and
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
| | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Julius Centre University of Malaya, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands; and Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Prevosto C, Usmani MF, McDonald S, Gumienny AM, Key T, Goodman RS, Gaston JSH, Deery MJ, Busch R. Allele-Independent Turnover of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Class Ia Molecules. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161011. [PMID: 27529174 PMCID: PMC4987023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) glycoproteins present cytosolic peptides to CD8+ T cells and regulate NK cell activity. Their heavy chains (HC) are expressed from up to three MHC gene loci (human leukocyte antigen [HLA]-A, -B, and -C in humans), whose extensive polymorphism maps predominantly to the antigen-binding groove, diversifying the bound peptide repertoire. Codominant expression of MHCI alleles is thus functionally critical, but how it is regulated is not fully understood. Here, we have examined the effect of polymorphism on the turnover rates of MHCI molecules in cell lines with functional MHCI peptide loading pathways and in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). Proteins were labeled biosynthetically with heavy water (2H2O), folded MHCI molecules immunoprecipitated, and tryptic digests analysed by mass spectrometry. MHCI-derived peptides were assigned to specific alleles and isotypes, and turnover rates quantified by 2H incorporation, after correcting for cell growth. MHCI turnover half-lives ranged from undetectable to a few hours, depending on cell type, activation state, donor, and MHCI isotype. However, in all settings, the turnover half-lives of alleles of the same isotype were similar. Thus, MHCI protein turnover rates appear to be allele-independent in normal human cells. We propose that this is an important feature enabling the normal function and codominant expression of MHCI alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Prevosto
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - M. Farooq Usmani
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah McDonald
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tim Key
- Tissue Typing Laboratory, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Reyna S. Goodman
- Tissue Typing Laboratory, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J. S. Hill Gaston
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Deery
- Cambridge Centre for Proteomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Busch
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, United Kingdom
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Dewi NU, Boshuizen HC, Johansson M, Vineis P, Kampman E, Steffen A, Tjønneland A, Halkjær J, Overvad K, Severi G, Fagherazzi G, Boutron-Ruault MC, Kaaks R, Li K, Boeing H, Trichopoulou A, Bamia C, Klinaki E, Tumino R, Palli D, Mattiello A, Tagliabue G, Peeters PH, Vermeulen R, Weiderpass E, Torhild Gram I, Huerta JM, Agudo A, Sánchez MJ, Ardanaz E, Dorronsoro M, Quirós JR, Sonestedt E, Johansson M, Grankvist K, Key T, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Cross AJ, Norat T, Riboli E, Fanidi A, Muller D, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB. Anthropometry and the Risk of Lung Cancer in EPIC. Am J Epidemiol 2016; 184:129-39. [PMID: 27370791 PMCID: PMC4945700 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwv298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The associations of body mass index (BMI) and other anthropometric measurements with lung cancer were examined in 348,108 participants in the European Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) between 1992 and 2010. The study population included 2,400 case patients with incident lung cancer, and the average length of follow-up was 11 years. Hazard ratios were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models in which we modeled smoking variables with cubic splines. Overall, there was a significant inverse association between BMI (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) and the risk of lung cancer after adjustment for smoking and other confounders (for BMI of 30.0-34.9 versus 18.5-25.0, hazard ratio = 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.62, 0.84). The strength of the association declined with increasing follow-up time. Conversely, after adjustment for BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio were significantly positively associated with lung cancer risk (for the highest category of waist circumference vs. the lowest, hazard ratio = 1.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.05, 1.50). Given the decline of the inverse association between BMI and lung cancer over time, the association is likely at least partly due to weight loss resulting from preclinical lung cancer that was present at baseline. Residual confounding by smoking could also have influenced our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hendriek C. Boshuizen
- Correspondence to Dr. Hendriek C. Boshuizen, Department of Statistics, Informatics and Mathematical Modelling (SIM), National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands (e-mail:)
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33
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Ambatipudi S, Cuenin C, Hernandez-Vargas H, Ghantous A, Le Calvez-Kelm F, Kaaks R, Barrdahl M, Boeing H, Aleksandrova K, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, Naska A, Palli D, Krogh V, Polidoro S, Tumino R, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Peeters PH, Quirós JR, Navarro C, Ardanaz E, Dorronsoro M, Key T, Vineis P, Murphy N, Riboli E, Romieu I, Herceg Z. Tobacco smoking-associated genome-wide DNA methylation changes in the EPIC study. Epigenomics 2016; 8:599-618. [PMID: 26864933 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Epigenetic changes may occur in response to environmental stressors, and an altered epigenome pattern may represent a stable signature of environmental exposure. MATERIALS & METHODS Here, we examined the potential of DNA methylation changes in 910 prediagnostic peripheral blood samples as a marker of exposure to tobacco smoke in a large multinational cohort. RESULTS We identified 748 CpG sites that were differentially methylated between smokers and nonsmokers, among which we identified novel regionally clustered CpGs associated with active smoking. Importantly, we found a marked reversibility of methylation changes after smoking cessation, although specific genes remained differentially methylated up to 22 years after cessation. CONCLUSION Our study has comprehensively cataloged the smoking-associated DNA methylation alterations and showed that these alterations are reversible after smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | | | - Akram Ghantous
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | | | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Myrto Barrdahl
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition & Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology & Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition & Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology & Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Androniki Naska
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition & Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology & Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Domenico Palli
- Molecular & Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research & Prevention Institute-ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology & Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry & Histopathology Unit, 'Civic MP Arezzo' Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Petra Hm Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences & Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | | | - Carmen Navarro
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Department of Health & Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Public Health Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Public Health Direction and Biodonostia-Ciberesp, Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Neil Murphy
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elio Riboli
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
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Raaschou-Nielsen O, Beelen R, Wang M, Hoek G, Andersen ZJ, Hoffmann B, Stafoggia M, Samoli E, Weinmayr G, Dimakopoulou K, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Xun WW, Fischer P, Eriksen KT, Sørensen M, Tjønneland A, Ricceri F, de Hoogh K, Key T, Eeftens M, Peeters PH, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Meliefste K, Oftedal B, Schwarze PE, Nafstad P, Galassi C, Migliore E, Ranzi A, Cesaroni G, Badaloni C, Forastiere F, Penell J, De Faire U, Korek M, Pedersen N, Östenson CG, Pershagen G, Fratiglioni L, Concin H, Nagel G, Jaensch A, Ineichen A, Naccarati A, Katsoulis M, Trichpoulou A, Keuken M, Jedynska A, Kooter IM, Kukkonen J, Brunekreef B, Sokhi RS, Katsouyanni K, Vineis P. Particulate matter air pollution components and risk for lung cancer. Environ Int 2016; 87:66-73. [PMID: 26641521 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is a human lung carcinogen; however, the components responsible have not been identified. We assessed the associations between PM components and lung cancer incidence. METHODS We used data from 14 cohort studies in eight European countries. We geocoded baseline addresses and assessed air pollution with land-use regression models for eight elements (Cu, Fe, K, Ni, S, Si, V and Zn) in size fractions of PM2.5 and PM10. We used Cox regression models with adjustment for potential confounders for cohort-specific analyses and random effect models for meta-analysis. RESULTS The 245,782 cohort members contributed 3,229,220 person-years at risk. During follow-up (mean, 13.1 years), 1878 incident cases of lung cancer were diagnosed. In the meta-analyses, elevated hazard ratios (HRs) for lung cancer were associated with all elements except V; none was statistically significant. In analyses restricted to participants who did not change residence during follow-up, statistically significant associations were found for PM2.5 Cu (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.01-1.53 per 5 ng/m(3)), PM10 Zn (1.28; 1.02-1.59 per 20 ng/m(3)), PM10 S (1.58; 1.03-2.44 per 200 ng/m(3)), PM10 Ni (1.59; 1.12-2.26 per 2 ng/m(3)) and PM10 K (1.17; 1.02-1.33 per 100 ng/m(3)). In two-pollutant models, associations between PM10 and PM2.5 and lung cancer were largely explained by PM2.5 S. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that the association between PM in air pollution and lung cancer can be attributed to various PM components and sources. PM containing S and Ni might be particularly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - R Beelen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Wang
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - G Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Z J Andersen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Epidemiology and Screening, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B Hoffmann
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany; University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Stafoggia
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Local Health Unit ASL RME, Rome, Italy
| | - E Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - G Weinmayr
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany; University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - K Dimakopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - M Nieuwenhuijsen
- Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - W W Xun
- MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Fischer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Center for Sustainability and Environmental Health, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - K T Eriksen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Sørensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Ricceri
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, AO Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin and Center for Cancer Prevention, Turin, Italy
| | - K de Hoogh
- MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - T Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Eeftens
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - P H Peeters
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - H B Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K Meliefste
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - B Oftedal
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - P E Schwarze
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - P Nafstad
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - C Galassi
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, AO Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin and Center for Cancer Prevention, Turin, Italy
| | - E Migliore
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, AO Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin and Center for Cancer Prevention, Turin, Italy
| | - A Ranzi
- Environmental Health Reference Centre, Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention of Emilia-Romagna, Modena, Italy
| | - G Cesaroni
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Local Health Unit ASL RME, Rome, Italy
| | - C Badaloni
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Local Health Unit ASL RME, Rome, Italy
| | - F Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Local Health Unit ASL RME, Rome, Italy
| | - J Penell
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - U De Faire
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Korek
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - N Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C-G Östenson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Fratiglioni
- Aging Research Centre, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Concin
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz, Austria
| | - G Nagel
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany; Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz, Austria
| | - A Jaensch
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - A Ineichen
- Human Genetics Foundation, Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Turin, Italy
| | - A Naccarati
- Human Genetics Foundation, Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - M Keuken
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Jedynska
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - I M Kooter
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Kukkonen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - B Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R S Sokhi
- Centre for Atmospheric and Instrumentation Research, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - K Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Primary Care and Public Health Sciences and Environmental Research Group, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - P Vineis
- MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Assi N, Moskal A, Slimani N, Viallon V, Chajes V, Freisling H, Monni S, Knueppel S, Förster J, Weiderpass E, Lujan-Barroso L, Amiano P, Ardanaz E, Molina-Montes E, Salmerón D, Quirós JR, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Dahm CC, Overvad K, Dossus L, Fournier A, Baglietto L, Fortner RT, Kaaks R, Trichopoulou A, Bamia C, Orfanos P, De Magistris MS, Masala G, Agnoli C, Ricceri F, Tumino R, Bueno de Mesquita HB, Bakker MF, Peeters PHM, Skeie G, Braaten T, Winkvist A, Johansson I, Khaw KT, Wareham NJ, Key T, Travis R, Schmidt JA, Merritt MA, Riboli E, Romieu I, Ferrari P. A treelet transform analysis to relate nutrient patterns to the risk of hormonal receptor-defined breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Public Health Nutr 2016; 19:242-54. [PMID: 25702596 PMCID: PMC10270861 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980015000294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pattern analysis has emerged as a tool to depict the role of multiple nutrients/foods in relation to health outcomes. The present study aimed at extracting nutrient patterns with respect to breast cancer (BC) aetiology. DESIGN Nutrient patterns were derived with treelet transform (TT) and related to BC risk. TT was applied to twenty-three log-transformed nutrient densities from dietary questionnaires. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals computed using Cox proportional hazards models quantified the association between quintiles of nutrient pattern scores and risk of overall BC, and by hormonal receptor and menopausal status. Principal component analysis was applied for comparison. SETTING The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). SUBJECTS Women (n 334 850) from the EPIC study. RESULTS The first TT component (TC1) highlighted a pattern rich in nutrients found in animal foods loading on cholesterol, protein, retinol, vitamins B12 and D, while the second TT component (TC2) reflected a diet rich in β-carotene, riboflavin, thiamin, vitamins C and B6, fibre, Fe, Ca, K, Mg, P and folate. While TC1 was not associated with BC risk, TC2 was inversely associated with BC risk overall (HRQ5 v. Q1=0·89, 95 % CI 0·83, 0·95, P trend<0·01) and showed a significantly lower risk in oestrogen receptor-positive (HRQ5 v. Q1=0·89, 95 % CI 0·81, 0·98, P trend=0·02) and progesterone receptor-positive tumours (HRQ5 v. Q1=0·87, 95 % CI 0·77, 0·98, P trend<0·01). CONCLUSIONS TT produces readily interpretable sparse components explaining similar amounts of variation as principal component analysis. Our results suggest that participants with a nutrient pattern high in micronutrients found in vegetables, fruits and cereals had a lower risk of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Assi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
- Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aurelie Moskal
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Nadia Slimani
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Vivian Viallon
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, UMRESTTE, Lyon, France
- IFSTTAR, UMRESTTE, Bron, France
| | - Veronique Chajes
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Stefano Monni
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Knueppel
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jana Förster
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leila Lujan-Barroso
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Molina-Montes
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Granada.ibs), Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Salmerón
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Christina C Dahm
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Laure Dossus
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Nutrition, Hormones and Women’s Health Team, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Sud, UMRS, Villejuif, France
- IGR, Villejuif, France
| | - Agnès Fournier
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Nutrition, Hormones and Women’s Health Team, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Sud, UMRS, Villejuif, France
- IGR, Villejuif, France
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Bamia
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Philippos Orfanos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Giovanna Masala
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute – ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology – CERMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, ’Civile M.P. Arezzo’ Hospital, Ragusa, Italy
| | - H Bas Bueno de Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marije F Bakker
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Petra HM Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tonje Braaten
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anna Winkvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ruth Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Julie A Schmidt
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Melissa A Merritt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
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Fonseca-Nunes A, Agudo A, Aranda N, Arija V, Cross AJ, Molina E, Sanchez MJ, Bueno-de-Mesquita HBA, Siersema P, Weiderpass E, Krogh V, Mattiello A, Tumino R, Saieva C, Naccarati A, Ohlsson B, Sjöberg K, Boutron-Ruault MC, Cadeau C, Fagherazzi G, Boeing H, Steffen A, Kühn T, Katzke V, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Key T, Lu Y, Riboli E, Peeters PH, Gavrila D, Dorronsoro M, Quirós JR, Barricarte A, Jenab M, Zamora-Ros R, Freisling H, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, Bamia C, Jakszyn P. Body iron status and gastric cancer risk in the EURGAST study. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:2904-14. [PMID: 26135329 PMCID: PMC6284801 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although it appears biologically plausible for iron to be associated with gastric carcinogenesis, the evidence is insufficient to lead to any conclusions. To further investigate the relationship between body iron status and gastric cancer risk, we conducted a nested case-control study in the multicentric European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The study included 456 primary incident gastric adenocarcinoma cases and 900 matched controls that occurred during an average of 11 years of follow-up. We measured prediagnostic serum iron, ferritin, transferrin and C-reactive protein, and further estimated total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and transferrin saturation (TS). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of gastric cancer by iron metrics were estimated from multivariable conditional logistic regression models. After adjusting for relevant confounders, we observed a statistically significant inverse association between gastric cancer and ferritin and TS indices (ORlog2 = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.72-0.88; OR10%increment = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.78-0.97, respectively). These associations appear to be restricted to noncardia gastric cancer (ferritin showed a p for heterogeneity = 0.04 and TS had a p for heterogeneity = 0.02), and no differences were found by histological type. TIBC increased risk of overall gastric cancer (OR50 µg/dl = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.02-1.2) and also with noncardia gastric cancer (p for heterogeneity = 0.04). Additional analysis suggests that time between blood draw and gastric cancer diagnosis could modify these findings. In conclusion, our results showed a decreased risk of gastric cancer related to higher body iron stores as measured by serum iron and ferritin. Further investigation is needed to clarify the role of iron in gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Fonseca-Nunes
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Aranda
- IISPV, Departament De Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat Rovira I Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Victoria Arija
- IISPV, Departament De Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat Rovira I Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Molina
- Escuela Andaluza De Salud Pública, Instituto De Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios De Granada/Universidad De Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER De Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Sanchez
- Escuela Andaluza De Salud Pública, Instituto De Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios De Granada/Universidad De Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER De Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - H B As Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Peter Siersema
- Department of Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Amalia Mattiello
- Dipartamento Di Medicina Clinica E Chirugia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic - M.P.Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Calogero Saieva
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute - ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF - Human Genetics Foundation - Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Bodil Ohlsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital Malmo, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Klas Sjöberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital Malmo, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Claire Cadeau
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Annika Steffen
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yunxia Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Gavrila
- CIBER De Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain
- IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Basque Regional Health Department, Public Health Direction and Biodonostia-Ciberesp, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Aurelio Barricarte
- Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Raúl Zamora-Ros
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Bamia
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Paula Jakszyn
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Norat T, Scoccianti C, Boutron-Ruault MC, Anderson A, Berrino F, Cecchini M, Espina C, Key T, Leitzmann M, Powers H, Wiseman M, Romieu I. European Code against Cancer 4th Edition: Diet and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 39 Suppl 1:S56-66. [PMID: 26164653 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lifestyle factors, including diet, have long been recognised as potentially important determinants of cancer risk. In addition to the significant role diet plays in affecting body fatness, a risk factor for several cancers, experimental studies have indicated that diet may influence the cancer process in several ways. Prospective studies have shown that dietary patterns characterised by higher intakes of fruits, vegetables, and whole-grain foods, and lower intakes of red and processed meats and salt, are related to reduced risks of death and cancer, and that a healthy diet can improve overall survival after diagnosis of breast and colorectal cancers. There is evidence that high intakes of fruit and vegetables may reduce the risk of cancers of the aerodigestive tract, and the evidence that dietary fibre protects against colorectal cancer is convincing. Red and processed meats increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Diets rich in high-calorie foods, such as fatty and sugary foods, may lead to increased calorie intake, thereby promoting obesity and leading to an increased risk of cancer. There is some evidence that sugary drinks are related to an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Taking this evidence into account, the 4th edition of the European Code against Cancer recommends that people have a healthy diet to reduce their risk of cancer: they should eat plenty of whole grains, pulses, vegetables and fruits; limit high-calorie foods (foods high in sugar or fat); avoid sugary drinks and processed meat; and limit red meat and foods high in salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Norat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Scoccianti
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | | | - Annie Anderson
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention & Screening, Level 7, Mailbox 7, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Franco Berrino
- Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 1 via Venezian, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Cecchini
- Health Policy Analyst OECD, 2 rue André Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France
| | - Carolina Espina
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hilary Powers
- Human Nutrition Unit, The Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Wiseman
- World Cancer Research Fund International, Second Floor, 22 Bedford Square, London WC1B 3HH, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytosis (D-IEL) is an early marker for celiac disease (CD). However, the majority of cases are due to non-CD-related conditions. GOALS To identify the predictors of CD when presented with D-IEL. METHODS A total of 215 adult patients with D-IEL had undergone prospective and systematic evaluation for CD and other recognized associations.The gold-standard diagnosis of CD was based upon the presence of HLA-DQ2 and/or DQ8, persistence or progression of D-IEL following a gluten challenge, followed by symptomatic improvement on a gluten-free diet.Binary logistic regression models, adjusting for age and sex, were subsequently performed to compare presenting variables between CD and non-CD cases, and to determine their sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). RESULTS CD was diagnosed in 48 cases (22%) and non-CD in 167 cases (78%). There was no statistical difference in baseline demographics, clinical symptoms (ie, diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal pain), anemia, or hematinics between the CD and non-CD group.Patients with CD, in comparison with non-CD, were significantly more likely to have a positive family history of CD (21% vs. 3.6%, OR 6.73; PPV 62.5%, NPV 81%, specificity 96.4%), positive HLA-DQ status (100% vs. 49.1%; PPV 36.4%, NPV 100%, specificity 50.9%), and presence of endomysial antibody (EMA) (48% vs. 0%; PPV 100%, NPV 87%, specificity 100%); all P≤0.001.A normal tissue transglutaminase antibody (TTG) level was seen in 29.2% CD and 83.2% non-CD cases (OR 0.084, P<0.001; PPV 9.2%). There was no difference in the prevalence of TTG levels 1 to 2×upper limit of normal (ULN) between the groups (29.2% CD vs. 14.4% non-CD; PPV 33% to 38%). However, TTG levels between 3 and 20×ULN were significantly more prevalent in the CD group (33.3% vs. 2.4%, PPV 66.6% to 89%), whereas a TTG>20×ULN was exclusive to CD (8.3%, P<0.001, PPV 100%). CONCLUSIONS In the setting of D-IEL, only the presence of a positive EMA or TTG>20×ULN at the outset can be used to make an immediate diagnosis of CD. Gastrointestinal symptoms, family history, anemia, or other celiac serology results do not reliably distinguish CD from non-CD without further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Aziz
- *Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals †Department of Histocompatability & Immunogenetics, NHS Blood & Transplant Centre, Sheffield, UK
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Naska A, Katsoulis M, Orfanos P, Lachat C, Gedrich K, Rodrigues SSP, Freisling H, Kolsteren P, Engeset D, Lopes C, Elmadfa I, Wendt A, Knüppel S, Turrini A, Tumino R, Ocké MC, Sekula W, Nilsson LM, Key T, Trichopoulou A. Eating out is different from eating at home among individuals who occasionally eat out. A cross-sectional study among middle-aged adults from eleven European countries. Br J Nutr 2015; 113:1951-64. [PMID: 25907775 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515000963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Eating out has been linked to the current obesity epidemic, but the evaluation of the extent to which out of home (OH) dietary intakes are different from those at home (AH) is limited. Data collected among 8849 men and 14,277 women aged 35-64 years from the general population of eleven European countries through 24-h dietary recalls or food diaries were analysed to: (1) compare food consumption OH to those AH; (2) describe the characteristics of substantial OH eaters, defined as those who consumed 25 % or more of their total daily energy intake at OH locations. Logistic regression models were fit to identify personal characteristics associated with eating out. In both sexes, beverages, sugar, desserts, sweet and savoury bakery products were consumed more OH than AH. In some countries, men reported higher intakes of fish OH than AH. Overall, substantial OH eating was more common among men, the younger and the more educated participants, but was weakly associated with total energy intake. The substantial OH eaters reported similar dietary intakes OH and AH. Individuals who were not identified as substantial OH eaters reported consuming proportionally higher quantities of sweet and savoury bakery products, soft drinks, juices and other non-alcoholic beverages OH than AH. The OH intakes were different from the AH ones, only among individuals who reported a relatively small contribution of OH eating to their daily intakes and this may partly explain the inconsistent findings relating eating out to the current obesity epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Androniki Naska
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, University of Athens,75 Mikras Asias Street,Goudi, Athens11527,Greece
| | - Michail Katsoulis
- Hellenic Health Foundation,Kaisareias 13 and Alexandroupoleos,Athens11527,Greece
| | - Philippos Orfanos
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, University of Athens,75 Mikras Asias Street,Goudi, Athens11527,Greece
| | - Carl Lachat
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality,Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University,Coupure links 653,9000Gent,Belgium
| | - Kurt Gedrich
- Technische Universität München, Center of Life and Food Sciences, Molecular Nutrition Unit,Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2,85354Freising,Germany
| | - Sara S P Rodrigues
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias,4200-465Porto,Portugal
| | - Heinz Freisling
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO),150, Cours Albert Thomas,69372Lyon Cedex 08,France
| | - Patrick Kolsteren
- Child Health and Nutrition Unit, Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine,Nationalestraat 155,2000Antwerp,Belgium
| | - Dagrun Engeset
- Department of Community Medicine,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø,N-9019Tromsø,Norway
| | - Carla Lopes
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology,Predictive Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernani Monteiro,4200-319Porto,Portugal
| | - Ibrahim Elmadfa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences,University of Vienna,Althanstrasse 14 (Pharmaziezentrum),A-1090Vienna,Austria
| | - Andrea Wendt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ),Im Neuenheimer Feld 280,69120Heidelberg,Germany
| | - Sven Knüppel
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Department of Epidemiology,Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116,14558Nuthetal,Germany
| | - Aida Turrini
- National Research Institute on Food and Nutrition (CRA-ex INRAN),Via Ardeatina 546,00178Rome,Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Ragusa Cancer Registry,Azienda Ospedaliera 'Civile M. P. Arezzo' Via Dante N° 109,97100Ragusa,Italy
| | - Marga C Ocké
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment,PO Box 1,3720BABilthoven,The Netherlands
| | - Wlodzimierz Sekula
- National Food and Nutrition Institute,61/63 Powsinska Street,02-903Warsaw,Poland
| | - Lena Maria Nilsson
- Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University,901 85Umeå,Sweden
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive,OxfordOX3 7LF,UK
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, University of Athens,75 Mikras Asias Street,Goudi, Athens11527,Greece
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40
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Demers LM, Hankinson SE, Haymond S, Key T, Rosner W, Santen RJ, Stanczyk FZ, Vesper HW, Ziegler RG. Measuring Estrogen Exposure and Metabolism: Workshop Recommendations on Clinical Issues. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:2165-70. [PMID: 25850026 PMCID: PMC5393513 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L M Demers
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine (L.M.D.), Pennsylvania State University School of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17003; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (S.E.H.), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003; Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (S.H.), Chicago, Illinois 60611; Nuffield Department of Population Health (T.K.), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (W.R.), Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.J.S.), University of Virginia Health Sciences System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Preventive Medicine (F.Z.S.), University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033; Division of Laboratory Sciences (H.W.V.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (R.G.Z.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - S E Hankinson
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine (L.M.D.), Pennsylvania State University School of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17003; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (S.E.H.), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003; Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (S.H.), Chicago, Illinois 60611; Nuffield Department of Population Health (T.K.), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (W.R.), Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.J.S.), University of Virginia Health Sciences System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Preventive Medicine (F.Z.S.), University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033; Division of Laboratory Sciences (H.W.V.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (R.G.Z.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - S Haymond
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine (L.M.D.), Pennsylvania State University School of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17003; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (S.E.H.), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003; Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (S.H.), Chicago, Illinois 60611; Nuffield Department of Population Health (T.K.), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (W.R.), Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.J.S.), University of Virginia Health Sciences System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Preventive Medicine (F.Z.S.), University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033; Division of Laboratory Sciences (H.W.V.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (R.G.Z.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - T Key
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine (L.M.D.), Pennsylvania State University School of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17003; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (S.E.H.), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003; Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (S.H.), Chicago, Illinois 60611; Nuffield Department of Population Health (T.K.), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (W.R.), Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.J.S.), University of Virginia Health Sciences System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Preventive Medicine (F.Z.S.), University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033; Division of Laboratory Sciences (H.W.V.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (R.G.Z.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - W Rosner
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine (L.M.D.), Pennsylvania State University School of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17003; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (S.E.H.), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003; Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (S.H.), Chicago, Illinois 60611; Nuffield Department of Population Health (T.K.), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (W.R.), Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.J.S.), University of Virginia Health Sciences System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Preventive Medicine (F.Z.S.), University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033; Division of Laboratory Sciences (H.W.V.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (R.G.Z.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - R J Santen
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine (L.M.D.), Pennsylvania State University School of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17003; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (S.E.H.), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003; Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (S.H.), Chicago, Illinois 60611; Nuffield Department of Population Health (T.K.), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (W.R.), Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.J.S.), University of Virginia Health Sciences System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Preventive Medicine (F.Z.S.), University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033; Division of Laboratory Sciences (H.W.V.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (R.G.Z.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - F Z Stanczyk
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine (L.M.D.), Pennsylvania State University School of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17003; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (S.E.H.), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003; Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (S.H.), Chicago, Illinois 60611; Nuffield Department of Population Health (T.K.), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (W.R.), Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.J.S.), University of Virginia Health Sciences System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Preventive Medicine (F.Z.S.), University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033; Division of Laboratory Sciences (H.W.V.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (R.G.Z.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - H W Vesper
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine (L.M.D.), Pennsylvania State University School of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17003; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (S.E.H.), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003; Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (S.H.), Chicago, Illinois 60611; Nuffield Department of Population Health (T.K.), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (W.R.), Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.J.S.), University of Virginia Health Sciences System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Preventive Medicine (F.Z.S.), University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033; Division of Laboratory Sciences (H.W.V.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (R.G.Z.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - R G Ziegler
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine (L.M.D.), Pennsylvania State University School of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17003; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (S.E.H.), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003; Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (S.H.), Chicago, Illinois 60611; Nuffield Department of Population Health (T.K.), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine (W.R.), Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (R.J.S.), University of Virginia Health Sciences System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Preventive Medicine (F.Z.S.), University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033; Division of Laboratory Sciences (H.W.V.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (R.G.Z.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Chajès V, Biessy C, Ferrari P, Romieu I, Freisling H, Huybrechts I, Scalbert A, Bueno de Mesquita B, Romaguera D, Gunter MJ, Vineis P, Hansen CP, Jakobsen MU, Clavel-Chapelon F, Fagherazzi G, Boutron-Ruault MC, Katzke V, Neamat-Allah J, Boeing H, Bachlechner U, Trichopoulou A, Naska A, Orfanos P, Pala V, Masala G, Mattiello A, Skeie G, Weiderpass E, Agudo A, Huerta JM, Ardanaz E, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Quirós JR, Johansson I, Winkvist A, Sonested E, Key T, Khaw KT, Wareham NJ, Peeters PH, Slimani N. Plasma elaidic acid level as biomarker of industrial trans fatty acids and risk of weight change: report from the EPIC study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118206. [PMID: 25675445 PMCID: PMC4326417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few epidemiological studies have examined the association between dietary trans fatty acids and weight gain, and the evidence remains inconsistent. The main objective of the study was to investigate the prospective association between biomarker of industrial trans fatty acids and change in weight within the large study European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. METHODS Baseline plasma fatty acid concentrations were determined in a representative EPIC sample from the 23 participating EPIC centers. A total of 1,945 individuals were followed for a median of 4.9 years to monitor weight change. The association between elaidic acid level and percent change of weight was investigated using a multinomial logistic regression model, adjusted by length of follow-up, age, energy, alcohol, smoking status, physical activity, and region. RESULTS In women, doubling elaidic acid was associated with a decreased risk of weight loss (odds ratio (OR) = 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.55-0.88, p = 0.002) and a trend was observed with an increased risk of weight gain during the 5-year follow-up (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.97-1.56, p = 0.082) (p-trend<.0001). In men, a trend was observed for doubling elaidic acid level and risk of weight loss (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.66-1.01, p = 0.062) while no significant association was found with risk of weight gain during the 5-year follow-up (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.88-1.33, p = 0.454). No association was found for saturated and cis-monounsaturated fatty acids. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that a high intake of industrial trans fatty acids may decrease the risk of weight loss, particularly in women. Prevention of obesity should consider limiting the consumption of highly processed foods, the main source of industrially-produced trans fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Chajès
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Carine Biessy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Bas Bueno de Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department For Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa) and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Spain
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marianne Uhre Jakobsen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Françoise Clavel-Chapelon
- INSERM, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women’s Health team, Villejuif, France
- University Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
- Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- INSERM, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women’s Health team, Villejuif, France
- University Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
- Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- INSERM, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women’s Health team, Villejuif, France
- University Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
- Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Verana Katzke
- The German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heildelberg, Germany
| | | | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ursula Bachlechner
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Androniki Naska
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Philippos Orfanos
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Valeria Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, IRCCS Foundation, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Amalia Mattiello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment, and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Huerta
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Spain
- Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Sánchez
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Public health Direction and Biodonostia- CIBERESP, Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | | | - Anna Winkvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emily Sonested
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Nutrition Epidemiology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tim Key
- The Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Petra H.M. Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nadia Slimani
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Key T, Sarker M, de Antueno R, Rainey JK, Duncan R. The p10 FAST protein fusion peptide functions as a cystine noose to induce cholesterol-dependent liposome fusion without liposome tubulation. Biochim Biophys Acta 2015; 1848:408-16. [PMID: 25450808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The reovirus p10 fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) proteins are the smallest known membrane fusion proteins, and evolved specifically to mediate cell-cell, rather than virus-cell, membrane fusion. The 36-40-residue ectodomains of avian reovirus (ARV) and Nelson Bay reovirus (NBV) p10 contain an essential intramolecular disulfide bond required for both cell-cell fusion and lipid mixing between liposomes. To more clearly define the functional, biochemical and biophysical features of this novel fusion peptide, synthetic peptides representing the p10 ectodomains of ARV and NBV were analyzed by solution-state NMR spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy-based hydrophobicity analysis, and liposome binding and fusion assays. Results indicate that disulfide bond formation promotes exposure of hydrophobic residues, as indicated by bis-ANS binding and time-dependent peptide aggregation under aqueous conditions, implying the disulfide bond creates a small, geometrically constrained, cystine noose. Noose formation is required for peptide partitioning into liposome membranes and liposome lipid mixing, and electron microscopy revealed that liposome-liposome fusion occurs in the absence of liposome tubulation. In addition, p10 fusion peptide activity, but not membrane partitioning, is dependent on membrane cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Key
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Muzaddid Sarker
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Roberto de Antueno
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Jan K Rainey
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Roy Duncan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada.
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Roswall N, Olsen A, Boll K, Christensen J, Halkjær J, Sørensen TIA, Dahm CC, Overvad K, Clavel-Chapelon F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Cottet V, Teucher B, Kaaks R, Boeing H, von Ruesten A, Trichopoulou A, Oikonomou E, Vasilopoulou E, Pala V, Sacerdote C, Mattiello A, Masala G, Peeters PHM, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Engeset D, Skeie G, Åsli LA, Amiano P, Jakszyn P, Ardanaz E, Huerta JM, Quirós JR, Molina-Montes E, Nilsson LM, Johansson I, Wirfält E, Drake I, Mulligan AA, Khaw KT, Romaguera D, Vergnaud AC, Key T, Riboli E, Tjønneland A. Consumption of predefined 'Nordic' dietary items in ten European countries - an investigation in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Public Health Nutr 2014; 17:2650-9. [PMID: 24589249 PMCID: PMC10282376 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980014000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Health-beneficial effects of adhering to a healthy Nordic diet index have been suggested. However, it has not been examined to what extent the included dietary components are exclusively related to the Nordic countries or if they are part of other European diets as well, suggesting a broader preventive potential. The present study describes the intake of seven a priori defined healthy food items (apples/pears, berries, cabbages, dark bread, shellfish, fish and root vegetables) across ten countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and examines their consumption across Europe. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. A 24 h dietary recall was administered through a software program containing country-specific recipes. Sex-specific mean food intake was calculated for each centre/country, as well as percentage of overall food groups consumed as healthy Nordic food items. All analyses were weighted by day and season of data collection. SETTING Multi-centre, European study. SUBJECTS Persons (n 36 970) aged 35-74 years, constituting a random sample of 519 978 EPIC participants. RESULTS The highest intakes of the included diet components were: cabbages and berries in Central Europe; apples/pears in Southern Europe; dark bread in Norway, Denmark and Greece; fish in Southern and Northern countries; shellfish in Spain; and root vegetables in Northern and Central Europe. Large inter-centre variation, however, existed in some countries. CONCLUSIONS Dark bread, root vegetables and fish are strongly related to a Nordic dietary tradition. Apples/pears, berries, cabbages, fish, shellfish and root vegetables are broadly consumed in Europe, and may thus be included in regional public health campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Roswall
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Katja Boll
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jane Christensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Thorkild IA Sørensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals – Part of the Copenhagen University Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina C Dahm
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Françoise Clavel-Chapelon
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Paris South University, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie C Boutron-Ruault
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Paris South University, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Vanessa Cottet
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Paris South University, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Birgit Teucher
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Anne von Ruesten
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Oikonomou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Effie Vasilopoulou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Valeria Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Amalia Mattiello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirugica, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute–ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Petra HM Peeters
- Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, The Netherlands
- The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dagrun Engeset
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Lene A Åsli
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Health Department of Basque Region, San Sebastian, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Paula Jakszyn
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José M Huerta
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Authority, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Esther Molina-Montes
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Health Department of Basque Region, San Sebastian, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Lena M Nilsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Elisabet Wirfält
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Isabel Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Angela A Mulligan
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kay T Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Spain
| | - Anne-Claire Vergnaud
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Ciechonska M, Key T, Duncan R. Efficient reovirus- and measles virus-mediated pore expansion during syncytium formation is dependent on annexin A1 and intracellular calcium. J Virol 2014; 88:6137-47. [PMID: 24648446 PMCID: PMC4093853 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00121-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Orthoreovirus fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) proteins are dedicated cell-cell fusogens responsible for multinucleated syncytium formation and are virulence determinants of the fusogenic reoviruses. While numerous studies on the FAST proteins and enveloped-virus fusogens have delineated steps involved in membrane fusion and pore formation, little is known about the mechanics of pore expansion needed for syncytiogenesis. We now report that RNA interference (RNAi) knockdown of annexin A1 (AX1) expression dramatically reduced both reptilian reovirus p14 and measles virus F and H protein-mediated pore expansion during syncytiogenesis but had no effect on pore formation. A similar effect was obtained by chelating intracellular calcium, which dramatically decreased syncytiogenesis in the absence of detectable effects on p14-induced pore formation. Coimmunoprecipitation revealed calcium-dependent interaction between AX1 and p14 or measles virus F and H proteins, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) demonstrated calcium-dependent p14-AX1 interactions in cellulo. Furthermore, antibody inhibition of extracellular AX1 had no effect on p14-induced syncytium formation but did impair cell-cell fusion mediated by the endogenous muscle cell fusion machinery in C2C12 mouse myoblasts. AX1 can therefore exert diverse, fusogen-specific effects on cell-cell fusion, functioning as an extracellular mediator of differentiation-dependent membrane fusion or as an intracellular promoter of postfusion pore expansion and syncytium formation following virus-mediated cell-cell fusion. IMPORTANCE Numerous enveloped viruses and nonenveloped fusogenic orthoreoviruses encode membrane fusion proteins that induce syncytium formation, which has been linked to viral pathogenicity. Considerable insights into the mechanisms of membrane fusion have been obtained, but processes that drive postfusion expansion of fusion pores to generate syncytia are poorly understood. This study identifies intracellular calcium and annexin A1 (AX1) as key factors required for efficient pore expansion during syncytium formation mediated by the reptilian reovirus p14 and measles virus F and H fusion protein complexes. Involvement of intracellular AX1 in syncytiogenesis directly correlates with a requirement for intracellular calcium in p14-AX1 interactions and pore expansion but not membrane fusion and pore formation. This is the first demonstration that intracellular AX1 is involved in pore expansion, which suggests that the AX1 pathway may be a common host cell response needed to resolve virus-induced cell-cell fusion pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ciechonska
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Tim Key
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Roy Duncan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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45
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Ali AMG, Schmidt MK, Bolla MK, Wang Q, Gago-Dominguez M, Castelao JE, Carracedo A, Garzón VM, Bojesen SE, Nordestgaard BG, Flyger H, Chang-Claude J, Vrieling A, Rudolph A, Seibold P, Nevanlinna H, Muranen TA, Aaltonen K, Blomqvist C, Matsuo K, Ito H, Iwata H, Horio A, John EM, Sherman M, Lissowska J, Figueroa J, Garcia-Closas M, Anton-Culver H, Shah M, Hopper JL, Trichopoulou A, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Krogh V, Weiderpass E, Andersson A, Clavel-Chapelon F, Dossus L, Fagherazzi G, Peeters PH, Olsen A, Wishart GC, Easton DF, Borgquist S, Overvad K, Barricarte A, González CA, Sánchez MJ, Amiano P, Riboli E, Key T, Pharoah PD. Alcohol consumption and survival after a breast cancer diagnosis: a literature-based meta-analysis and collaborative analysis of data for 29,239 cases. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:934-45. [PMID: 24636975 PMCID: PMC4542077 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence for an association of alcohol consumption with prognosis after a diagnosis of breast cancer has been inconsistent. We have reviewed and summarized the published evidence and evaluated the association using individual patient data from multiple case cohorts. METHODS A MEDLINE search to identify studies published up to January 2013 was performed. We combined published estimates of survival time for "moderate drinkers" versus nondrinkers. An analysis of individual participant data using Cox regression was carried out using data from 11 case cohorts. RESULTS We identified 11 published studies suitable for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Moderate postdiagnosis alcohol consumption was not associated with overall survival [HR, 0.95; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.85-1.05], but there was some evidence of better survival associated with prediagnosis consumption (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.73-0.88). Individual data on alcohol consumption for 29,239 cases with 4,839 deaths were available from the 11 case cohorts, all of which had data on estrogen receptor (ER) status. For women with ER-positive disease, there was little evidence that pre- or postdiagnosis alcohol consumption is associated with breast cancer-specific mortality, with some evidence of a negative association with all-cause mortality. On the basis of a single study, moderate postdiagnosis alcohol intake was associated with a small reduction in breast cancer-specific mortality for women with ER-negative disease. There was no association with prediagnosis intake for women with ER-negative disease. CONCLUSION There was little evidence that pre- or post-diagnosis alcohol consumption is associated with breast cancer-specific mortality for women with ER-positive disease. There was weak evidence that moderate post-diagnosis alcohol intake is associated with a small reduction in breast cancer-specific mortality in ER-negative disease. IMPACT Considering the totality of the evidence, moderate postdiagnosis alcohol consumption is unlikely to have a major adverse effect on the survival of women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M G Ali
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Qin Wang
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - M Gago-Dominguez
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - J Esteban Castelao
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Angel Carracedo
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Victor Muñoz Garzón
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Henrik Flyger
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Alina Vrieling
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Anja Rudolph
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Petra Seibold
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Taru A Muranen
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Kirsimari Aaltonen
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Hiroji Iwata
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Akiyo Horio
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Esther M John
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Mark Sherman
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Jonine Figueroa
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Montserrat Garcia-Closas
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Mitul Shah
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - John L Hopper
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Anne Andersson
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Françoise Clavel-Chapelon
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Laure Dossus
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Anja Olsen
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Gordon C Wishart
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Kim Overvad
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Carlos A González
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - María-José Sánchez
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Elio Riboli
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Tim Key
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
| | - Paul D Pharoah
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge; Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge; Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London; and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt; Divisions of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology and Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam; Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela; Oncology and Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Vigo, Galicia Health Service (SERGAS); Radiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP); Chief Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid; Public Health D
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Key T, Duncan R. A compact, multifunctional fusion module directs cholesterol-dependent homomultimerization and syncytiogenic efficiency of reovirus p10 FAST proteins. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004023. [PMID: 24651689 PMCID: PMC3961370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The homologous p10 fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) proteins of the avian (ARV) and Nelson Bay (NBV) reoviruses are the smallest known viral membrane fusion proteins, and are virulence determinants of the fusogenic reoviruses. The small size of FAST proteins is incompatible with the paradigmatic membrane fusion pathway proposed for enveloped viral fusion proteins. Understanding how these diminutive viral fusogens mediate the complex process of membrane fusion is therefore of considerable interest, from both the pathogenesis and mechanism-of-action perspectives. Using chimeric ARV/NBV p10 constructs, the 36–40-residue ectodomain was identified as the major determinant of the differing fusion efficiencies of these homologous p10 proteins. Extensive mutagenic analysis determined the ectodomain comprises two distinct, essential functional motifs. Syncytiogenesis assays, thiol-specific surface biotinylation, and liposome lipid mixing assays identified an ∼25-residue, N-terminal motif that dictates formation of a cystine loop fusion peptide in both ARV and NBV p10. Surface immunofluorescence staining, FRET analysis and cholesterol depletion/repletion studies determined the cystine loop motif is connected through a two-residue linker to a 13-residue membrane-proximal ectodomain region (MPER). The MPER constitutes a second, independent motif governing reversible, cholesterol-dependent assembly of p10 multimers in the plasma membrane. Results further indicate that: (1) ARV and NBV homomultimers segregate to distinct, cholesterol-dependent microdomains in the plasma membrane; (2) p10 homomultimerization and cholesterol-dependent microdomain localization are co-dependent; and (3) the four juxtamembrane MPER residues present in the multimerization motif dictate species-specific microdomain association and homomultimerization. The p10 ectodomain therefore constitutes a remarkably compact, multifunctional fusion module that directs syncytiogenic efficiency and species-specific assembly of p10 homomultimers into cholesterol-dependent fusion platforms in the plasma membrane. Natural infections by fusogenic orthoreoviruses can result in severe afflictions ranging from neuropathogenicity to pneumonia and death. The fusogenic capacity of these viruses, attributable to a unique family of fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) proteins, is a correlate of virulence. The FAST proteins are the only known examples of nonenveloped virus membrane fusion proteins, and they are the smallest known viral fusogens whose structural and functional attributes are incompatible with current models of protein-mediated membrane fusion. Exploiting the sequence divergence and distinct syncytiogenic rates of representative p10 FAST proteins from avian and bat reovirus isolates, we determined the p10 ectodomain is a compact, complex fusion module comprising two independent functional motifs. One motif determines species-specific p10 fusion efficiency by governing formation of a cystine loop fusion peptide, while the other directs reversible clustering and multimerization of p10 in cholesterol-dependent membrane microdomains. Remarkably, a juxtamembrane tetra-peptide is solely responsible for co-dependent clustering and multimerization of p10 in distinct, species-specific fusion platforms. This is the first example of a viral fusogen utilizing a membrane-proximal ectodomain region (MPER) to direct cholesterol-dependent multimerization and assembly into fusion platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Key
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Roy Duncan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Steins Bisschop CN, van Gils CH, Emaus MJ, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Monninkhof EM, Boeing H, Aleksandrova K, Jenab M, Norat T, Riboli E, Boutron-Rualt MC, Fagherazzi G, Racine A, Palli D, Krogh V, Tumino R, Naccarati A, Mattiello A, Argüelles MV, Sanchez MJ, Tormo MJ, Ardanaz E, Dorronsoro M, Bonet C, Khaw KT, Key T, Trichopoulou A, Orfanos P, Naska A, Kaaks RR, Lukanova A, Pischon T, Ljuslinder I, Jirström K, Ohlsson B, Overvad K, Landsvig Berentzen T, Halkjaer J, Tjonneland A, Weiderpass E, Skeie G, Braaten T, Siersema PD, Freisling H, Ferrari P, Peeters PHM, May AM. Weight change later in life and colon and rectal cancer risk in participants in the EPIC-PANACEA study. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 99:139-47. [PMID: 24225355 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.066530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A moderate association exists between body mass index (BMI) and colorectal cancer. Less is known about the effect of weight change. OBJECTIVE We investigated the relation between BMI and weight change and subsequent colon and rectal cancer risk. DESIGN This was studied among 328,781 participants in the prospective European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-Physical Activity, Nutrition, Alcohol, Cessation of Smoking, Eating study (mean age: 50 y). Body weight was assessed at recruitment and on average 5 y later. Self-reported weight change (kg/y) was categorized in sex-specific quintiles, with quintiles 2 and 3 combined as the reference category (men: -0.6 to 0.3 kg/y; women: -0.4 to 0.4 kg/y). In the subsequent years, participants were followed for the occurrence of colon and rectal cancer (median period: 6.8 y). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to study the association. RESULTS A total of 1261 incident colon cancer and 747 rectal cancer cases were identified. BMI at recruitment was statistically significantly associated with colon cancer risk in men (HR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.07). Moderate weight gain (quintile 4) in men increased risk further (HR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.68), but this relation did not show a clear trend. In women, BMI or weight gain was not related to subsequent risk of colon cancer. No statistically significant associations for weight loss and colon cancer or for BMI and weight changes and rectal cancer were found. CONCLUSIONS BMI attained at adulthood was associated with colon cancer risk. Subsequent weight gain or loss was not related to colon or rectal cancer risk in men or women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte N Steins Bisschop
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands (CNSB, CHvG, EMM, PHMP, and AMM); the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands (HBB-d-M); the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands (HBB-d-M); the Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany (HB and KA); the International Agency for Research on Cancer, WHO, Lyon, France (MJ, HF, and PF); the Division of Epidemiology, Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (HBB-d-M, TN, ER, and PHMP); INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Villejuif, France (MB-R, GF, and AR); University of Paris, Sud, Villejuif, France (MB-R, GF, and AR); IGR, Villejuif, France (MB-R, GF, and AR); Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Florence, Italy (DP); the Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy (VK); the Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civile M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy (RT); HuGeF-Human Genetics Foundation-Torino, Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Torino, Italy (A Naccarati); Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirugia, FEDERICO II University, Naples, Italy (AM); Public Health Directorate, Asturias, Spain (MVA); the Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain (MS and MJT); CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain (MS, MJT, and EA); the Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain (MJT); the Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain (MJT); the Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain (EA); Subdirección de Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa, Gobierno Vasco, San Sebastian, Spain (MD); the Department of Epidemiology, Catalan I
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Obón-Santacana M, Slimani N, Lujan-Barroso L, Travier N, Hallmans G, Freisling H, Ferrari P, Boutron-Ruault M, Racine A, Clavel F, Saieva C, Pala V, Tumino R, Mattiello A, Vineis P, Argüelles M, Ardanaz E, Amiano P, Navarro C, Sánchez M, Molina Montes E, Key T, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Peeters P, Trichopoulou A, Bamia C, Trichopoulos D, Boeing H, Kaaks R, Katzke V, Ye W, Sund M, Ericson U, Wirfält E, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Skeie G, Åsli L, Weiderpass E, Riboli E, Bueno-de-Mesquita H, Duell E. Dietary intake of acrylamide and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:2645-2651. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Key T, Read J, Nibert ML, Duncan R. Piscine reovirus encodes a cytotoxic, non-fusogenic, integral membrane protein and previously unrecognized virion outer-capsid proteins. J Gen Virol 2013; 94:1039-1050. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.048637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Piscine reovirus (PRV) is a tentative new member of the family Reoviridae and has been linked to heart and skeletal muscle inflammation in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Recent sequence-based evidence suggests that PRV is about equally related to members of the genera Orthoreovirus and Aquareovirus. Sequence similarities have also suggested that PRV might encode a fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) protein, which in turn suggests that PRV might be the prototype of a new genus with syncytium-inducing potential. In previous support of this designation has been the absence of identifiable PRV-encoded homologues of either the virion outer-clamp protein of ortho- and aquareoviruses or the virion outer-fibre protein of most orthoreoviruses. In the current report, we have provided experimental evidence that the putative p13 FAST protein of PRV lacks the defining feature of the FAST protein family – the ability to induce syncytium formation. Instead, p13 is the first example of a cytosolic, integral membrane protein encoded by ortho- or aquareoviruses, and induces cytotoxicity in the absence of cell–cell fusion. Sequence analysis also identified signature motifs of the outer-clamp and outer-fibre proteins of other reoviruses in two of the predicted PRV gene products. Based on these findings, we conclude that PRV does not encode a FAST protein and is therefore unlikely to be a new fusogenic reovirus. The presence of a novel integral membrane protein and two previously unrecognized, essential outer-capsid proteins has important implications for the biology, evolution and taxonomic classification of this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Key
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H4R2, Canada
| | - Jolene Read
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H4R2, Canada
| | - Max L. Nibert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Roy Duncan
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H4R2, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H4R2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H4R2, Canada
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Benetou V, Orfanos P, Pettersson-Kymmer U, Bergström U, Svensson O, Johansson I, Berrino F, Tumino R, Borch KB, Lund E, Peeters PHM, Grote V, Li K, Altzibar JM, Key T, Boeing H, von Ruesten A, Norat T, Wark PA, Riboli E, Trichopoulou A. Mediterranean diet and incidence of hip fractures in a European cohort. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:1587-98. [PMID: 23085859 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-012-2187-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Prevention of hip fractures is of critical public health importance. In a cohort of adults from eight European countries, evidence was found that increased adherence to Mediterranean diet, measured by a 10-unit dietary score, is associated with reduced hip fracture incidence, particularly among men. INTRODUCTION Evidence on the role of dietary patterns on hip fracture incidence is scarce. We explored the association of adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) with hip fracture incidence in a cohort from eight European countries. METHODS A total of 188,795 eligible participants (48,814 men and 139,981 women) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition study with mean age 48.6 years (±10.8) were followed for a median of 9 years, and 802 incident hip fractures were recorded. Diet was assessed at baseline through validated dietary instruments. Adherence to MD was evaluated by a MD score (MDs), on a 10-point scale, in which monounsaturated were substituted with unsaturated lipids. Association with hip fracture incidence was assessed through Cox regression with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS Increased adherence to MD was associated with a 7 % decrease in hip fracture incidence [hazard ratio (HR) per 1-unit increase in the MDs 0.93; 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) = 0.89-0.98]. This association was more evident among men and somewhat stronger among older individuals. Using increments close to one standard deviation of daily intake, in the overall sample, high vegetable (HR = 0.86; 95 % CI = 0.79-0.94) and high fruit (HR = 0.89; 95 % CI = 0.82-0.97) intake was associated with decreased hip fracture incidence, whereas high meat intake (HR = 1.18; 95 % CI = 1.06-1.31) with increased incidence. Excessive ethanol consumption (HR high versus moderate = 1.74; 95 % CI = 1.32-2.31) was also a risk factor. CONCLUSIONS In a prospective study of adults, increased adherence to MD appears to protect against hip fracture occurrence, particularly among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Benetou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, 75 Mikras Asias street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
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