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Thanaj M, Basty N, Whitcher B, Bell JD, Thomas EL. MRI assessment of adipose tissue fatty acid composition in the UK Biobank and its association with diet and disease. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024. [PMID: 39051177 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the fatty acid (FA) composition of abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (ASAT and VAT, respectively) in the UK Biobank imaging cohort (N = 33,823) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS We measured the fractions of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated FA (fSFA, fMUFA, and fPUFA, respectively) in ASAT and VAT from multiecho MRI scans. We selected a subcohort of participants who followed a vegan and an omnivore diet (N = 36) to validate the effect of diet on adipose tissue. In the wider imaging cohort, we examined the relationships between adipose tissue FA composition and various traits related to disease and body size. RESULTS We measured adipose tissue FA composition for over 33,000 participants, revealing higher fSFA and fPUFA and lower fMUFA in VAT (p < 0.00016). fMUFA and fPUFA were higher in ASAT and lower in VAT for women (p < 0.00016). Vegan participants exhibited lower fSFA in both ASAT and VAT (p < 0.00016). VAT fSFA and fMUFA showed significant associations with disease, as well as anthropometric variables. CONCLUSIONS This extensive analysis revealed the relationships between adipose tissue FA composition and a range of factors in a diverse population, highlighting the importance of studying body adipose tissue beyond its quantity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjola Thanaj
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Nicolas Basty
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Brandon Whitcher
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Jimmy D Bell
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - E Louise Thomas
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
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Zambrano AK, Cadena-Ullauri S, Ruiz-Pozo VA, Tamayo-Trujillo R, Paz-Cruz E, Guevara-Ramírez P, Frias-Toral E, Simancas-Racines D. Impact of fundamental components of the Mediterranean diet on the microbiota composition in blood pressure regulation. J Transl Med 2024; 22:417. [PMID: 38702795 PMCID: PMC11067105 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is a widely studied dietary pattern reflecting the culinary traditions of Mediterranean regions. High adherence to MedDiet correlates with reduced blood pressure and lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality. Furthermore, microbiota, influenced by diet, plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health, and dysbiosis in CVD patients suggests the possible beneficial effects of microbiota modulation on blood pressure. The MedDiet, rich in fiber and polyphenols, shapes a distinct microbiota, associated with higher biodiversity and positive health effects. The review aims to describe how various Mediterranean diet components impact gut microbiota, influencing blood pressure dynamics. MAIN BODY The MedDiet promotes gut health and blood pressure regulation through its various components. For instance, whole grains promote a healthy gut microbiota given that they act as substrates leading to the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that can modulate the immune response, preserve gut barrier integrity, and regulate energy metabolism. Other components of the MedDiet, including olive oil, fuits, vegetables, red wine, fish, and lean proteins, have also been associated with blood pressure and gut microbiota regulation. CONCLUSION The MedDiet is a dietary approach that offers several health benefits in terms of cardiovascular disease management and its associated risk factors, including hypertension. Furthermore, the intake of MedDiet components promote a favorable gut microbiota environment, which, in turn, has been shown that aids in other physiological processes like blood pressure regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karina Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador.
| | - Santiago Cadena-Ullauri
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Viviana A Ruiz-Pozo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Elius Paz-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Patricia Guevara-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Evelyn Frias-Toral
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, 0901952, Ecuador
| | - Daniel Simancas-Racines
- Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
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Henderson A, Rosenman R, Fyfe-Johnson AL, Taniguchi T, Standridge J, Shackleford T, Muller CJ, Umans JG, Jernigan VBB. The cost-efficacy of a healthy food box for managing hypertension within a native American population: a group randomized controlled trial. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:59. [PMID: 38671533 PMCID: PMC11046939 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01274-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary interventions are used for the treatment of hypertension. We evaluated the cost-efficacy of delivering boxes of healthy, culturally tailored foods and checks that can only be spent on produce in a Native American population. METHODS We conducted a group randomized controlled trial from 2018 to 2020 with N = 2 treatment counties and N = 2 control counties and a total of N = 160 Native American adults with baseline stage 1 or stage 2 hypertension. Participants in the intervention group received monthly boxes of food that adheres to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet as well as checks that could only be spent on produce for 6 months. We measured blood pressure and quality of life at baseline and at a 6-month follow-up in both intervention and control groups. We used ordered logistic regression to estimate the effect of treatment on probability of blood pressure improvements. We then conducted a cost-efficacy analysis. RESULTS We found that treatment was effective in reducing blood pressure in women with stage 1 hypertension at baseline. Based on this finding, we also estimate that this intervention satisfies normative cost-effectiveness thresholds, even when lifetime treatment is needed to preserve the impact, so long as treatment is only continued in those who respond to treatment. CONCLUSIONS Direct delivery of healthy foods and checks that can only be spent on produce are a potentially cost-effective intervention for the management of hypertension among Native American women with stage 1 hypertension. Further research is needed to understand why we found an impact only for this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Henderson
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.
| | - Robert Rosenman
- School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Amber L Fyfe-Johnson
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Tori Taniguchi
- Center for Indigenous Health Research and Policy, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Joy Standridge
- Nutrition Services Department, Chickasaw Nation, Ada, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Tyra Shackleford
- Nutrition Services Department, Chickasaw Nation, Ada, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Clemma J Muller
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jason G Umans
- Hyattsville MD and Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Valarie Blue Bird Jernigan
- Center for Indigenous Health Research and Policy, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
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Reay WR, Clarke E, Eslick S, Riveros C, Holliday EG, McEvoy MA, Peel R, Hancock S, Scott RJ, Attia JR, Collins CE, Cairns MJ. Using Genetics to Inform Interventions Related to Sodium and Potassium in Hypertension. Circulation 2024; 149:1019-1032. [PMID: 38131187 PMCID: PMC10962430 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a key risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events but remains difficult to treat in many individuals. Dietary interventions are an effective approach to lower blood pressure (BP) but are not equally effective across all individuals. BP is heritable, and genetics may be a useful tool to overcome treatment response heterogeneity. We investigated whether the genetics of BP could be used to identify individuals with hypertension who may receive a particular benefit from lowering sodium intake and boosting potassium levels. METHODS In this observational genetic study, we leveraged cross-sectional data from up to 296 475 genotyped individuals drawn from the UK Biobank cohort for whom BP and urinary electrolytes (sodium and potassium), biomarkers of sodium and potassium intake, were measured. Biologically directed genetic scores for BP were constructed specifically among pathways related to sodium and potassium biology (pharmagenic enrichment scores), as well as unannotated genome-wide scores (conventional polygenic scores). We then tested whether there was a gene-by-environment interaction between urinary electrolytes and these genetic scores on BP. RESULTS Genetic risk and urinary electrolytes both independently correlated with BP. However, urinary sodium was associated with a larger BP increase among individuals with higher genetic risk in sodium- and potassium-related pathways than in those with comparatively lower genetic risk. For example, each SD in urinary sodium was associated with a 1.47-mm Hg increase in systolic BP for those in the top 10% of the distribution of genetic risk in sodium and potassium transport pathways versus a 0.97-mm Hg systolic BP increase in the lowest 10% (P=1.95×10-3). This interaction with urinary sodium remained when considering estimated glomerular filtration rate and indexing sodium to urinary creatinine. There was no strong evidence of an interaction between urinary sodium and a standard genome-wide polygenic score of BP. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that genetic risk in sodium and potassium pathways could be used in a precision medicine model to direct interventions more specifically in the management of hypertension. Intervention studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Reay
- Schools of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy (W.R.R., R.J.S., M.J.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program (W.R.R., M.J.C.), New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Erin Clarke
- Health Sciences (E.C., S.E., C.E.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program (E.C., C.E.C.), New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Shaun Eslick
- Health Sciences (E.C., S.E., C.E.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Carlos Riveros
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (C.R., E.G.H., J.R.A.), New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G. Holliday
- Medicine and Public Health (E.G.H., R.P., S.H., J.R.A.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (C.R., E.G.H., J.R.A.), New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark A. McEvoy
- Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia (M.A.M.)
| | - Roseanne Peel
- Medicine and Public Health (E.G.H., R.P., S.H., J.R.A.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen Hancock
- Medicine and Public Health (E.G.H., R.P., S.H., J.R.A.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rodney J. Scott
- Schools of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy (W.R.R., R.J.S., M.J.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Detection and Therapy Research Program (R.J.S.), New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - John R. Attia
- Medicine and Public Health (E.G.H., R.P., S.H., J.R.A.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (C.R., E.G.H., J.R.A.), New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Clare E. Collins
- Health Sciences (E.C., S.E., C.E.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program (E.C., C.E.C.), New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Murray J. Cairns
- Schools of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy (W.R.R., R.J.S., M.J.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program (W.R.R., M.J.C.), New Lambton, NSW, Australia
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Biruete A, Leal-Escobar G, Espinosa-Cuevas Á, Mojica L, Kistler BM. Dieta de la Milpa: A Culturally-Concordant Plant-Based Dietary Pattern for Hispanic/Latine People with Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2024; 16:574. [PMID: 38474703 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) disproportionately affects minorities in the United States, including the Hispanic/Latine population, and is a public health concern in Latin American countries. An emphasis on healthy dietary patterns, including the Mediterranean and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets, has been suggested as they are associated with a lower incidence of CKD, slower CKD progression, and lower mortality in kidney failure. However, their applicability may be limited in people from Latin America. The Dieta de la Milpa (Diet of the Cornfield) was recently described as the dietary pattern of choice for people from Mesoamerica (Central Mexico and Central America). This dietary pattern highlights the intake of four plant-based staple foods from this geographical region, corn/maize, common beans, pumpkins/squashes, and chilies, complemented with seasonal and local intake of plant-based foods and a lower intake of animal-based foods, collectively classified into ten food groups. Limited preclinical and clinical studies suggest several health benefits, including cardiometabolic health, but there is currently no data concerning CKD. In this narrative review, we describe and highlight the potential benefits of the Dieta de la Milpa in CKD, including acid-base balance, protein source, potassium and phosphorus management, impact on the gut microbiota, inflammation, and cultural appropriateness. Despite these potential benefits, this dietary pattern has not been tested in people with CKD. Therefore, we suggest key research questions targeting measurement of adherence, feasibility, and effectiveness of the Dieta de la Milpa in people with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Biruete
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Gabriela Leal-Escobar
- Departamento de Nefrología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Ángeles Espinosa-Cuevas
- Departamento de Nefrología y Metabolismo Mineral, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Luis Mojica
- Tecnología Alimentaria, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Zapopan 45019, Mexico
| | - Brandon M Kistler
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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6
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Henderson A, Rosenman R, Fyfe-Johnson AL, Taniguchi T, Standridge J, Shackleford T, Muller CJ, Umans JG, Jernigan VBB. The Cost-Efficacy of a Healthy Food Box for Managing Hypertension Within a Native American Population: The Chickasaw Healthy Eating Environment Research Study. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3901299. [PMID: 38352591 PMCID: PMC10862957 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3901299/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Dietary interventions are used for the treatment of hypertension. We evaluated the cost-efficacy of delivering boxes of healthy, culturally tailored foods and checks that can only be spent on produce in a Native American population. Methods We conducted a group randomized controlled trial from 2018-2020 with N = 2 treatment counties and N = 2 control counties and a total of N = 160 Native American adults with baseline stage 1 or stage 2 hypertension. Participants in the intervention group received monthly boxes of food that adheres to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet as well as checks that could only be spent on produce for 6 months. We measured blood pressure and quality of life at baseline and at a 6-month follow-up in both intervention and control groups. We used ordered logistic regression to estimate the effect of treatment on probability of blood pressure improvements. We then conducted a cost-efficacy analysis. Results We found that treatment was effective in women with stage 1 hypertension at baseline. Based on this finding, we also estimate that this intervention satisfies normative cost-effectiveness thresholds, even when lifetime treatment is needed to preserve the impact, so long as treatment is only continued in those who respond to treatment. Conclusions Direct delivery of healthy foods and checks that can only be spent on produce are a potentially cost-effective intervention for the management of hypertension among Native American women with stage 1 hypertension. Further research is needed to understand why we found an impact only for this group.
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7
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Ahmad F. Dietary patterns and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Nutr Health 2023; 29:609-610. [PMID: 38038703 DOI: 10.1177/02601060231216523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Firdos Ahmad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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Garg PK, Wilson N, Levitan EB, Shikany JM, Howard VJ, Newby PK, Judd S, Howard G, Cushman M, Soliman EZ. Associations of dietary patterns with risk of incident atrial fibrillation in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS). Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:2441-2448. [PMID: 37119297 PMCID: PMC10421757 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined whether the risk of incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in a large, biracial, prospective cohort is lower in participants who adhere to heart-healthy dietary patterns and higher in participants who adhere to less heart-healthy diets. METHODS Between 2003 and 2007, the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort study enrolled 30,239 Black and White Americans aged 45 years or older. Dietary patterns (convenience, plant-based, sweets, Southern, and alcohol and salads) and the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) were derived based on food frequency questionnaire data. The primary outcome was incident AF at the follow-up visit 2013-2016, defined by either electrocardiogram or self-reported medical history of a physician diagnosis. RESULTS This study included 8977 participants (mean age 63 ± 8.3 years; 56% women; 30% Black) free of AF at baseline who completed the follow-up exam an average of 9.4 years later. A total of 782 incident AF cases were detected. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, neither the MDS score (odds ratio (OR) per SD increment = 1.03; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95-1.11) or the plant-based dietary pattern (OR per SD increment = 1.03; 95% CI 0.94-1.12) were associated with AF risk. Additionally, an increased AF risk was not associated with any of the less-healthy dietary patterns. CONCLUSIONS While specific dietary patterns have been associated with AF risk factors, our findings fail to show an association between diet patterns and AF development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen K Garg
- Division of Cardiology, USC Keck School of Medicine, 1510 San Pablo St. Suite 322, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Nicole Wilson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Emily B Levitan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - James M Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Virginia J Howard
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - P K Newby
- Food Matters Media, LLC, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suzanne Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - George Howard
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mary Cushman
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Elsayed Z Soliman
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center (EPICARE), Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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9
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Ghalandari H, Askarpour M, Nouri M, Safarpour AR, Fattahi MR, Akbarzadeh M. Quality of diet and odds of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: Baseline results from the PERSIAN Kavar cohort study (PKCS). Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1760-1767. [PMID: 37414660 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diet quality has been associated with multiple chronic diseases. We aimed to investigate the association between the quality of diet and the odds of being diagnosed with MetS. METHODS AND RESULTS This study was conducted cross-sectionally on baseline data of 2225 individuals from the PERSIAN Kavar Cohort Study (PKCS). The quality of diet was measured based on the Diet Quality Index - International (DQI-I), using Food Frequency Questionnaires. The association between DQI-I and MetS and its components was measured via logistic regression models in crude and adjusted models. We did not observe any association between DQI-I and MetS in the overall population. However, after adjustment for potential confounders, we found that male participants with higher DQI-I scores had a lower risk of MetS [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 95% confidence interval CI) = 0.62 (0.42-0.93)]. Moreover, analogous trends were observed with respect to some components of MetS, including elevated triglyceride (TG) [crude OR (95% CI) = 0.89 (0.70-0.98); adjusted OR = 0.82 (0.65-0.93)], lowered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) [crude OR (95% CI) = 0.79 (0.57-0.99); adjusted OR = 0.76 (0.55-0.97)], and abnormal glucose homeostasis [crude OR (95% CI) = 0.80 (0.55-0.94); adjusted OR = 0.73 (0.51-0.91)] only in male participants, both before and after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSION In this study, we showed that higher adherence to a high-quality diet was associated with a lower chance of developing MetS in men. Biological gender might be responsible for the observed discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Ghalandari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moein Askarpour
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Safarpour
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Fattahi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Phiri N, Cunningham Y, Witek-Mcmanus S, Chabwera M, Munthali-Mkandawire S, Masiye J, Saka A, Katundulu M, Chiphinga Mwale C, Dembo Kang’ombe D, Kimangila J, Crampin AC, Mair FS. Development and piloting of a primary school-based salt reduction programme: Formative work and a process evaluation in rural and urban Malawi. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0000867. [PMID: 37647266 PMCID: PMC10468067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Excess salt intake is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Promoting salt reduction as part of routine school-health programming may be a pragmatic way to address this risk factor early in the life course but has not been tested in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Here we describe the formative work with stakeholders and process evaluation of pilot work to develop a school-based salt reduction programme for children aged 11-14 years, in preparation for a cluster-randomised trial in rural/urban Malawi. Collection of observational data and documentary evidence (meeting minutes/field notes) from the earliest key stakeholder engagement with Malawi Ministries of Health, Education, Local Government and Rural Development and Malawi Institute of Education, and non-governmental stakeholders; and a series of semi-structured interviews and focus groups (with head teachers (n = 2); teachers (n = 4); parents (n = 30); and learners (n = 40)). Data was analysed thematically and conceptualised through a Normalization Process Theory lens. Formative work illustrated a range of administrative, technical, and practical issues faced during development of the programme; including allocation of stakeholder roles and responsibilities, harmonisation with pre-existing strategies and competing priorities, resources required for programme development, and design of effective teaching materials. While participants were positive about the programme, the process evaluation identified features to be refined including perceived challenges to participation, recommended adaptations to the content and delivery of lessons, and concerns related to quantity/quality of learning resources provided. This study demonstrates the importance of comprehensive, sustained, and participatory stakeholder engagement in the development of a novel school health programme in SSA; and highlights the factors that were critical to successfully achieving this. We also demonstrate the value of detailed process evaluation in informing development of the programme to ensure that it was feasible and relevant to the context prior to evaluation through a cluster-randomised trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozgechi Phiri
- Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Yvonne Cunningham
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Stefan Witek-Mcmanus
- Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit, Lilongwe, Malawi
- Department of Population Heath, Faculty of Epidemiology & Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - McDonald Chabwera
- Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amelia C. Crampin
- Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit, Lilongwe, Malawi
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
- Department of Population Heath, Faculty of Epidemiology & Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frances S. Mair
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
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11
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Das D, Shruthi NR, Banerjee A, Jothimani G, Duttaroy AK, Pathak S. Endothelial dysfunction, platelet hyperactivity, hypertension, and the metabolic syndrome: molecular insights and combating strategies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1221438. [PMID: 37614749 PMCID: PMC10442661 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1221438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifaceted condition that increases the possibility of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. MetS includes obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, endothelial dysfunction, and platelet hyperactivity. There is a concerning rise in the occurrence and frequency of MetS globally. The rising incidence and severity of MetS need a proactive, multipronged strategy for identifying and treating those affected. For many MetS patients, achieving recommended goals for healthy fat intake, blood pressure control, and blood glucose management may require a combination of medicine therapy, lifestyles, nutraceuticals, and others. However, it is essential to note that lifestyle modification should be the first-line therapy for MetS. In addition, MetS requires pharmacological, nutraceutical, or other interventions. This review aimed to bring together the etiology, molecular mechanisms, and dietary strategies to combat hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and platelet dysfunction in individuals with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptimayee Das
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagainallur Ravichandran Shruthi
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesan Jothimani
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
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12
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Alnooh G, Alessa T, Noorwali E, Albar S, Williams E, de Witte LP, Hawley MS. Identification of the Most Suitable Mobile Apps to Support Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet Self-Management: Systematic Search of App Stores and Content Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3476. [PMID: 37571413 PMCID: PMC10421018 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Smartphone apps might provide an opportunity to support the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, a healthy diet designed to help lower blood pressure. This study evaluated DASH diet self-management apps based on their quality, likely effectiveness, and data privacy/security to identify the most suitable app(s). A systematic search and content analysis were conducted of all DASH diet apps available in Google Play and the Apple App Store in the UK in November 2022. Apps were included if they provided DASH diet tracking. A previous systematic literature review found some commercial apps not found in the app store search, and these were also included in this review. Three reviewers used the App Quality Evaluation Tool (AQEL) to assess each app's quality across seven domains: knowledge acquisition, skill development, behaviour change, purpose, functionality, and appropriateness for adults with hypertension. Domains with a score of 8 or higher were considered high-quality. Two reviewers assessed the apps' data privacy and security and then coded Behaviour change techniques (BCTs) linked to the Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF) underpinning the likely effectiveness of the apps. Seven DASH diet apps were assessed, showing the limited availability of apps supporting DASH diet self-management. The AQEL assessment showed that three apps scored higher than eight in most of the AQEL domains. Nineteen BCTs were used across the apps, linked to nine TDF action mechanisms that may support DASH diet self-management behaviours. Four apps met standards for privacy and security. All seven apps with self-monitoring functionality had sufficient theoretical basis to demonstrate likely effectiveness. However, most had significant quality and data security shortcomings. Only two apps, NOOM and DASH To TEN, were found to have both adequate quality and security and were thus deemed suitable to support DASH diet self-management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadah Alnooh
- Centre for Assistive Technology and Connected Healthcare, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 2NU, UK;
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tourkiah Alessa
- Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Essra Noorwali
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Salwa Albar
- Food and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Elizabeth Williams
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 2NU, UK;
| | - Luc P. de Witte
- Research Group Technology for Healthcare, Centre of Expertise Health Innovation, The Hague University of Applied Science, 2521 EN Den Haag, The Netherlands;
| | - Mark S. Hawley
- Centre for Assistive Technology and Connected Healthcare, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 2NU, UK;
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13
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Khan SA, Hafeez A, Zaka A, Khan SA, Ahmed A, Pervaiz F, Siddiqui AH. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Blood Pressure Reduction Based on Disease Control Priorities 3 in Pakistan to Manage and Control Hypertension. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2023:10.1007/s40292-023-00589-y. [PMID: 37493898 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-023-00589-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION According to American Heart Association standards, hypertension is classified into three stages based on blood pressure measurements: essential hypertension, stage 1 hypertension, and stage 2 hypertension. The global target is to reduce the prevalence of high blood pressure by 25% by the year 2025. Worldwide, the prevalence of high blood pressure among men and women aged 18 and above reported to be 24% and 20%, respectively. AIM The aim of this study was to overall reduce high blood pressure of hypertensive patients to the recommended level of 140/90 mm of Hg through implementing a non-pharmacological and multi-component intervention based on Disease Control Priorities (3rd edition). METHODS A randomized controlled trial in which a multi-component intervention for lowering high blood pressure was tested. This was pilot-tested for its acceptance, appropriateness, and relevance, explored through an earlier formative research and desk review conducted from the available evidence. A total of 240 study participants were enrolled after obtaining informed consent. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Health Services Academy and the trial was registered in clinicaltrials.gov number NCT04336631. SPSS software version 21 was used to enter and analyze the data. RESULTS High blood pressure of hypertensive patients in a hospital setting during 03 months yielded -23.9 mm Hg of systolic blood pressure reduction (95% confidence interval, p ≤ 0.005). A significant reduction was observed in intervention group after delivering the intervention. Compared to patients in the usual care group, improved health outcomes were achieved for diet control, reducing salt intake and increased physical exercise. In the intervention group, the mean blood pressure among male hypertensive patients was 145/90 mm Hg and in female hypertensive patients, the mean blood pressure was recorded as 140/100 mm Hg. CONCLUSION High blood pressure was significantly reduced in hypertensive patients who adhered to a low salt diet, weight loss measures, and increased physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhana Akber Khan
- Department of Public Health, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Assad Hafeez
- Department of Public Health, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arif Zaka
- Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases (AFIC/NIHD), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Ali Khan
- Department of Public Health, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahsen Ahmed
- Department of Public Health, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farrah Pervaiz
- Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases (AFIC/NIHD), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Hameed Siddiqui
- Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases (AFIC/NIHD), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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14
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Theodoridis X, Chourdakis M, Chrysoula L, Chroni V, Tirodimos I, Dipla K, Gkaliagkousi E, Triantafyllou A. Adherence to the DASH Diet and Risk of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3261. [PMID: 37513679 PMCID: PMC10383418 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the level of adherence to the DASH diet on hypertension risk by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was performed. Two independent investigators performed the study selection, data abstraction, and assessment of the included studies. The meta-analysis was performed separately with the adjusted hazard (HR) or incident rate ratios (IRR) and the odds ratios (OR) of the highest compared to the lowest DASH diet adherence scores using a random effects model. A total of 12 studies were included in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis. When cohort studies reporting HR were pooled together, high adherence to the DASH diet was associated with a lower risk of hypertension (HR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.73-0.90, I2 = 69%, PI 0.61-1.08) compared to the low adherence. When cross-sectional studies reporting OR were combined, high adherence to the DASH diet was also related to a lower risk of hypertension (OR: 0.80, 95% CI 0.70-0.91, I2 = 81%, PI 0.46-1.39). The findings suggest that high adherence to the DASH diet has a positive effect on reducing hypertension risk compared to low adherence. These data strengthen and are in line with all hypertension guidelines, indicating that lifestyle changes should start early even in populations with normal blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenophon Theodoridis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- 3rd Clinic of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michail Chourdakis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lydia Chrysoula
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Violeta Chroni
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ilias Tirodimos
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Dipla
- Exercise Physiology & Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62110 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eugenia Gkaliagkousi
- 3rd Clinic of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Areti Triantafyllou
- 3rd Clinic of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
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15
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Raj P, Sayfee K, Yu L, Sabra A, Wijekoon C, Malunga L, Thandapilly SJ, Netticadan T. Oat Beta-Glucan Alone and in Combination with Hydrochlorothiazide Lowers High Blood Pressure in Male but Not Female Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:3180. [PMID: 37513599 PMCID: PMC10385299 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Oats are considered a functional food due to the beneficial health effects associated with their consumption and are suitable to be explored for their ability to prevent or manage chronic disease, such as hypertension. Here, we examined the cardiovascular benefits of an oat beta-glucan extract in male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) to unravel its sex-specific roles when used with an anti-hypertensive medication, hydrochlorothiazide. Five-week-old male and female SHRs and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were treated with oat beta-glucan and hydrochlorothiazide for 15 weeks. Twenty-week-old male and female SHRs showed high blood pressure (BP), cardiac remodeling, and cardiac dysfunction. These animals also had significantly increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), angiotensin II, and norepinephrine. Treatments with beta-glucan and hydrochlorothiazide were able to differentially prevent high BP, cardiac dysfunction, and alterations in malondialdehyde (MDA), angiotensin II, and norepinephrine in 20-week-old male and female SHRs. To conclude, beta-glucan alone and in combination with hydrochlorothiazide may be a promising a strategy for managing hypertension and related cardiac complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pema Raj
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Karen Sayfee
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Liping Yu
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Ali Sabra
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Champa Wijekoon
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Lovemore Malunga
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Richardson Center for Food Technology and Research, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Sijo Joseph Thandapilly
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Richardson Center for Food Technology and Research, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Thomas Netticadan
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
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16
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Reyneke GL, Beck EJ, Lambert K, Neale EP. The Effect of Non-Oil Seed Legume Intake on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:637-651. [PMID: 37031751 PMCID: PMC10334154 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a primary modifiable risk factor for CVD, whereby even small reductions in blood pressure (BP) can decrease risk for CVD events. Modification of dietary patterns is an established, nonpharmacologic approach for the prevention and management of hypertension. Legumes are a prevailing component of dietary patterns associated with lower BP in observational research, but there is a need to understand the effects of legume consumption on BP. This study aimed to synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for the effects of non-oil seed legume consumption on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (PROSPERO registration: CRD42021237732). We searched CINAHL, Cochrane, Medline, and PubMed scientific databases from inception through November 2022. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to assess the mean differences (MDs) for each outcome variable between legume-based and comparator diets. This review included 16 RCTs and 1092 participants. Studies ranged in duration (4-52 wk), participant age (17-75 y), and weekly legume dose (450-3150 g) in whole or powdered form. No significant overall effect between legume consumption and BP amelioration was observed in the meta-analysis (SBP-MD: -1.06 mm Hg; 95% CI: -2.57, 0.4410 mm Hg; I2 = 45%; DBP-MD: -0.48 mm Hg; 95% CI: -1.06, 0.10 mm Hg; I2 = 0%). The certainty of evidence was determined as low for SBP and DBP. Significant subgroup differences in SBP were found when studies were grouped according to participant BMI, with SBP reduction found for participants with overweight/obese BMI (MD -2.79 mm Hg, 95% CI: -4.68, -0.90 mm Hg). There is a need for large, high-quality trials to clearly define the benefits and mechanisms of legume consumption in BP management. Consideration of the relevance in individuals with obesity, overweight, and hypertension may also be warranted. This trial was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42021237732.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gynette L Reyneke
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eleanor J Beck
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; School of Health Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kelly Lambert
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth P Neale
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
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17
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Sinclair K, Nguyen CJ, Wetherill MS, Nelson K, Jackson AM, Taniguchi T, Jernigan VBB, Buchwald D. Native opportunities to stop hypertension: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial among urban American Indian and Alaska Native adults with hypertension. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1117824. [PMID: 37333529 PMCID: PMC10272533 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1117824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults experience disproportionate cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality compared to other races, which may be partly attributable to higher burden of hypertension (HTN). Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) is a high-impact therapeutic dietary intervention for primary and secondary prevention of CVD that can contribute to significant decreases in systolic blood pressure (BP). However, DASH-based interventions have not been tested with AI/AN adults, and unique social determinants of health warrant independent trials. This study will assess the effectiveness of a DASH-based intervention, called Native Opportunities to Stop Hypertension (NOSH), on systolic BP among AI/AN adults in three urban clinics. Methods NOSH is a randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of an adapted DASH intervention compared to a control condition. Participants will be aged ≥18 years old, self-identify as AI/AN, have physician-diagnosed HTN, and have elevated systolic BP (≥ 130 mmHg). The intervention includes eight weekly, tailored telenutrition counseling sessions with a registered dietitian on DASH eating goals. Intervention participants will be provided $30 weekly and will be encouraged to purchase DASH-aligned foods. Participants in the control group will receive printed educational materials with general information about a low-sodium diet and eight weekly $30 grocery orders. All participants will complete assessments at baseline, after the 8-week intervention, and again 12 weeks post-baseline. A sub-sample of intervention participants will complete an extended support pilot study with assessments at 6- and 9-months post-baseline. The primary outcome is systolic BP. Secondary outcomes include modifiable CVD risk factors, heart disease and stroke risk scores, and dietary intake. Discussion NOSH is among the first randomized controlled trials to test the impact of a diet-based intervention on HTN among urban AI/AN adults. If effective, NOSH has the potential to inform clinical strategies to reduce BP among AI/AN adults. Clinical trials registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02796313, Identifier NCT02796313.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka’imi Sinclair
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Washington State University, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Cassandra J. Nguyen
- Nutrition Department at University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Marianna S. Wetherill
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Katie Nelson
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Washington State University, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Tori Taniguchi
- Center for Indigenous Health Research and Policy, Center for Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Valarie Blue Bird Jernigan
- Center for Indigenous Health Research and Policy, Center for Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Dedra Buchwald
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Washington State University, Seattle, WA, United States
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18
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De Beer D, Mels CMC, Schutte AE, Delles C, Mary S, Mullen W, Latosinska A, Mischak H, Kruger R. Identifying a urinary peptidomics profile for hypertension in young adults: The African-PREDICT study: Urinary peptidomics and hypertension: Urinary peptidomics and hypertension. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200444. [PMID: 36943111 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the most important and complex risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). By using urinary peptidomics analyses, we aimed to identify peptides associated with hypertension, building a framework for future research towards improved prediction and prevention of premature development of CVD. We included 78 hypertensive and 79 normotensive participants from the African-PREDICT study (aged 20-30 years), matched for sex (51% male) and ethnicity (49% black and 51% white). Urinary peptidomics data were acquired using capillary-electrophoresis-time-of-flight-mass-spectrometry. Hypertension-associated peptides were identified and combined into a support vector machine-based multidimensional classifier. When comparing the peptide data between the normotensive and hypertensive groups, 129 peptides were nominally differentially abundant (Wilcoxon p < 0.05). Nonetheless, only three peptides, all derived from collagen alpha-1(III), remained significantly different after rigorous adjustments for multiple comparisons. The 37 most significant peptides (all p ≤ 0.001) served as basis for the development of a classifier, with 20 peptides being combined into a unifying score, resulting in an AUC of 0.85 in the ROC analysis (p < 0.001), with 83% sensitivity at 80% specificity. Our study suggests potential value of urinary peptides in the classification of hypertension, which could enable earlier diagnosis and better understanding of the pathophysiology of hypertension and premature cardiovascular disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalene De Beer
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Catharina M C Mels
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Potchefstroom, South Africa
- MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Aletta E Schutte
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Potchefstroom, South Africa
- MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- School of Population Health, The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christian Delles
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sheon Mary
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - William Mullen
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Ruan Kruger
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Potchefstroom, South Africa
- MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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19
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Kataria N, Kalyani VC, Gulia S, G K. Knowledge Regarding Hypertension and Amount of Diet Consumption Among Adults From Uttarakhand: A Comparative Survey. Cureus 2023; 15:e39065. [PMID: 37323337 PMCID: PMC10267604 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is becoming more common worldwide, and by 2025, its incidence is predicted to rise by 32.4%. The present study aims to assess the knowledge related to hypertension and the amount of diet consumption among adults at risk of developing hypertension in both rural and urban areas of Uttarakhand. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 667 adults at risk of hypertension. The study sample included adults selected from the rural and urban communities of Uttarakhand. A semi-structured questionnaire on knowledge regarding hypertension and self-reported amount of diet consumption was used as a tool for data collection. RESULTS The mean age of participants in this study was 51.46 ± 1.44 years, and the majority of the participants had poor knowledge regarding hypertension as a disease and its consequences as well as preventive measures. The mean days for consumption of fruits were three days, four days for green vegetables, two days for eggs, and two days for a well-balanced diet, and the mean ± SD of a non-vegetarian diet consumption was 128 ± 182 gm. Another highlighted significant mean difference was found between knowledge of raised blood pressure with the amount of consumption of fruits, green leafy vegetables, a non-vegetarian diet, and a well-balanced diet. CONCLUSION In the present study, knowledge of blood pressure and raised blood pressure with its related factors was poor among all participants. The average consumption of all types of diet was two to three days a week, which was borderline, based on recommended dietary allowances. The knowledge related to raised blood pressure and its associated factors had significant mean differences for the mean consumption of fruits, non-vegetarian diet, and well-balanced diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Kataria
- Neurosciences Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, IND
| | - Vasantha C Kalyani
- Medical Surgical Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, IND
| | - Sonia Gulia
- Medical Surgical Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, IND
| | - Kaleeswari G
- Medical Surgical Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, IND
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20
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Li L, Li H, Gao Y, Vafaei S, Zhang X, Yang M. Effect of flaxseed supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review, and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Food Funct 2023; 14:675-690. [PMID: 36622248 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02566c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Many clinical trials have revealed that flaxseed supplementation might exert a potent antihypertensive influence, but the findings are inconsistent. In this regard, a meta-analysis was carried out to provide a more accurate estimate of the impact of flaxseed supplementation on blood pressure. We searched international databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar till July 2022. A random-effects model was used to calculate weighted mean differences (WMDs). Non-linear dose-response analysis and meta-regression were performed. Meta-analysis of 33 trials (comprising 43 treatment arms) with 2427 participants revealed significant reductions in both systolic (WMD: -3.19 mmHg; 95% CI: -4.15 to -2.24, p < 0.001; I2 = 92.5%, p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (WMD = -2.61 mmHg; 95% CI: -3.27, -1.94, p < 0.001; I2 = 94.1%, p < 0.001) following flaxseed supplementation. Greater effects on SBP and DBP were found in trials with an intervention duration of >20 weeks, ≥30 g day-1 of flaxseed, subjects with BMI 25-30 kg m-2, and in patients with hypertension. Supplementation with various flaxseed products significantly reduced SBP and DBP levels, confirming the hypothesis that flaxseed could be used as an effective supplement for blood pressure management, alongside routine medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingou Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Chong Qing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hanzhang Li
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Yuzhen Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Somayeh Vafaei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Chong Qing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China.
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Chong Qing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China.
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Singh RB, Nabavizadeh F, Fedacko J, Pella D, Vanova N, Jakabcin P, Fatima G, Horuichi R, Takahashi T, Mojto V, Juneja L, Watanabe S, Jakabcinova A. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension via Indo-Mediterranean Foods, May Be Superior to DASH Diet Intervention. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010046. [PMID: 36615704 PMCID: PMC9824062 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Western-type diet with high salt and sugar, sedentary behavior, obesity, tobacco and alcoholism are important risk factors for hypertension. This review aims to highlight the role of western diet-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of hypertension and the role of various types of diets in its prevention with reference to dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet. It seems that it is crucial to alter the western type of diet because such diets can also predispose all CVDs. Western diet-induced oxidative stress is characterized by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with an altered oxidation-reduction (redox) state, leading to a marked increase in inflammation and vascular dysfunction. Apart from genetic and environmental factors, one important cause for differences in the prevalence of hypertension in various countries may be diet quality, deficiency in functional foods, and salt consumption. The role of the DASH diet has been established. However, there are gaps in knowledge about the role of some Indo-Mediterranean foods and Japanese foods, which have been found to decrease blood pressure (BP) by improving vascular function. The notable Indo-Mediterranean foods are pulses, porridge, spices, and millets; fruits such as guava and blackberry and vegetables, which may also decrease BPs. The Japanese diet consists of soya tofu, whole rice, in particular medical rice, vegetables and plenty of fish rich in fish oil, fish peptides and taurine that are known to decrease BPs. Epidemiological studies and randomized, controlled trials have demonstrated the role of these diets in the prevention of hypertension and metabolic diseases. Such evidence is still meager from Japan, although the prevalence of hypertension is lower (15-21%) compared to other developed countries, which may be due to the high quality of the Japanese diet. Interestingly, some foods, such as berries, guava, pumpkin seeds, carrots, soya beans, and spices, have been found to cause a decrease in BPs. Omega-3 fatty acids, fish peptide, taurine, dietary vitamin D, vitamin C, potassium, magnesium, flavonoids, nitrate and l-arginine are potential nutrients that can also decrease BPs. Larger cohort studies and controlled trials are necessary to confirm our views.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram B. Singh
- Halberg Hospital and Research Institute, Moradabad 244001, India
| | - Fatemeh Nabavizadeh
- Department of Cardiology, Emirates Hospital, Dubai 999041, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jan Fedacko
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatric, PJ Safarik University and MEDIPARK—University Research Park, PJ Safarik University, 1, 041-90 Kosice, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
| | - Dominik Pella
- 1st Department of Cardiology, PJ Safarik University Faculty of Medicine and East Slovak Institute for Cardiovascular Disease, 040-11 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Natalia Vanova
- Department of Internal Medicine, PJ Safarik University and Agel Hospital Kosice-Saca, 040-11 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Patrik Jakabcin
- Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ghizal Fatima
- Era Medical College, Era University, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Rie Horuichi
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya City 663-8558, Japan
| | - Toru Takahashi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Kanazawa Gakuin University, Kanazawa City 920-1392, Japan
| | - Viliam Mojto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University, 813-72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lekh Juneja
- Executive Vice President, Kameda Seika Co., Ltd., Tokyo 160-0005, Japan
| | | | - Andrea Jakabcinova
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatric, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University and MEDIPARK—University Research Park, PJ Safarik University, 040-11 Kosice, Slovakia
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22
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High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as a Potential Medium between Depletion of Lachnospiraceae Genera and Hypertension under a High-Calorie Diet. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0234922. [PMID: 36250859 PMCID: PMC9769594 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02349-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbial dysbiosis has been associated with hypertension. An extremely high incidence of essential hypertension was found in the Han and the Yugur people who resided in Sunan County in China's nomadic steppes, with little population movement. To investigate gut microbial contributions to this high incidence of hypertension, we recruited a total of 1, 242 Yugur and Han people, who had resided in Sunan County for more than 15 years and accounted for 3% of the local population. The epidemiological survey of 1,089 individuals indicated their nearly 1.8-times-higher prevalence of hypertension (38.2 to 43.3%) than the average in China (23.2%), under a special high-calorie diet based on wheat, cattle, mutton, and animal offal. Investigations of the fecal microbiota of another cohort of 153 individuals revealed that certain Lachnospiraceae genera were positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) but negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). HDL-C was negatively correlated with SBP and DBP. We further observed that the serum butyrate content was lower in both Han and Yugur people with hypertension than in those without hypertension. This study gives novel insight into the role of gut microbial dysbiosis in hypertension modulation under a high-calorie diet, where the notable depletion of Lachnospiraceae genera might lead to less production of butyrate, contributing to the lower level of HDL-C and elevating blood pressure in hypertension. IMPORTANCE Dietary nutrients can be converted by the gut microbiota into metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, which may serve as disease-preventing agents in hypertension. Due to the limited population mobility and unique high-calorie dietary habits, the cohort of this study can serve as a representative cohort for elucidating the associations between the gut microbiota and hypertension under a high-calorie diet. Moreover, low levels of HDL-C have previously been associated with an increased risk of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Our findings provide new insight showing that low levels of HDL-C may be a potential medium between the depletion of Lachnospiraceae genera and hypertension under a high-calorie diet, which might also be a potential candidate for other CVDs.
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Trinh L, Stenkula KG, Olsson LE, Svensson J, Peterson P, Bennet L, Månsson S. Favorable fatty acid composition in adipose tissue in healthy Iraqi- compared to Swedish-born men - a pilot study using MRI assessment. Adipocyte 2022; 11:153-163. [PMID: 35291924 PMCID: PMC8928862 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2042963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Middle Eastern immigrants are at high-risk for insulin resistance. Fatty acid composition (FAC) plays an important role in the development of insulin resistance but has not been investigated in people of Middle Eastern ancestry. Here, the aim was to assess the FAC in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT and SAT) in healthy Iraqi- and Swedish-born men using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method.This case-control study included 23 Iraqi- and 15 Swedish-born middle-aged men, without cardiometabolic disease. Using multi-echo MRI of the abdomen, the fractions of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (fSFA, fMUFA, and fPUFA) were estimated in VAT and SAT. SAT was further analyzed in deep and superficial compartments (dSAT and sSAT). In all depots, fPUFA was significantly higher and fSFA significantly lower in Iraqi men, independently of age and BMI. In both Iraqi- and Swedish-born men, higher fPUFA and lower fMUFA were found in sSAT vs. dSAT. Among Iraqi men only, higher fPUFA and lower fMUFA were found in SAT vs. VAT.Iraqi-born men presented a more favorable abdominal FAC compared to Swedish-born men. This MRI method also revealed different FACs in different abdominal depots. Our results may reflect a beneficial FAC in Middle Eastern immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Trinh
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Karin G Stenkula
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars E Olsson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jonas Svensson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Peterson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Louise Bennet
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Clinical Research and Trial Centre, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sven Månsson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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24
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Starr J, Trott V. Medications When the Brain Is Hurt. PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT CLINICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpha.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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25
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Pirola L, Ciesielski O, Balcerczyk A. Fat not so bad? The role of ketone bodies and ketogenic diet in the treatment of endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Fujii R, Hishida A, Nakatochi M, Tsuboi Y, Suzuki K, Kondo T, Ikezaki H, Hara M, Okada R, Tamura T, Shimoshikiryo I, Suzuki S, Koyama T, Kuriki K, Takashima N, Arisawa K, Momozawa Y, Kubo M, Takeuchi K, Wakai K, Matsuo K, Tanaka K, Miura K, Kita Y, Takezaki T, Nagase H, Mikami H, Uehara R, Narimatsu H. Associations of Genome-Wide Polygenic Risk Score and Risk Factors With Hypertension in a Japanese Population. Circ Genom Precis Med 2022; 15:e003612. [DOI: 10.1161/circgen.121.003612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Although many polygenic risk scores (PRS) for cardiovascular traits have been developed in European populations, it is an urgent task to construct a PRS and to evaluate its ability in non-European populations. We developed a genome-wide PRS for blood pressure in a Japanese population and examined the associations between this PRS and hypertension prevalence.
Methods:
We performed a cross-sectional study in 11 252 Japanese individuals who participated in the J-MICC (Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort) study. Using publicly available GWAS summary statistics from Biobank Japan, we developed the PRS in the target data (n=7876). With >30 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms, we evaluated PRS performance in the test data (n=3376). Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure of 130 mm Hg or more, or diastolic blood pressure of 85 mm Hg or more, or taking an antihypertensive drug.
Results:
Compared with the middle PRS quintile, the prevalence of hypertension at the top PRS quintile was higher independently from traditional risk factors (odds ratio, 1.73 [95% CI, 1.32–2.27]). The difference of mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure between the middle and the top PRS quintile was 4.55 (95% CI, 2.26–6.85) and 2.32 (95% CI, 0.86–3.78) mm Hg, respectively. Subgroups reflecting combinations of Japanese PRS and modifiable lifestyles and factors (smoking, alcohol intake, sedentary time, and obesity) were associated with the prevalence of hypertension. A European-derived PRS was not associated with hypertension in our participants.
Conclusions:
A PRS for blood pressure was significantly associated with hypertension and BP traits in a general Japanese population. Our findings also highlighted the importance of a combination of PRS and risk factors for identifying high-risk subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan (R.F., Y.T., K.S.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of interactive Medical & Healthcare Systems, Department of Integrated Health Sciences (R.F., T. Kondo), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Bolzano/Bozen, Italy (R.F.)
| | - Asahi Hishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine (A.H., R.O., T.T., K.T., K.W.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences (M.N.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tsuboi
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan (R.F., Y.T., K.S.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan (R.F., Y.T., K.S.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kondo
- Division of interactive Medical & Healthcare Systems, Department of Integrated Health Sciences (R.F., T. Kondo), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikezaki
- Department of Comprehensive General Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (H.I.)
| | - Megumi Hara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Rieko Okada
- Department of Preventive Medicine (A.H., R.O., T.T., K.T., K.W.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Tamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine (A.H., R.O., T.T., K.T., K.W.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ippei Shimoshikiryo
- Department of International Island & Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan (I.S.)
| | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan (S.S.)
| | - Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health & Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan (T. Koyama)
| | - Kiyonori Kuriki
- Laboratory of Public Health, Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Shizuoka (K.K.)
| | - Naoyuki Takashima
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (N.T.)
- Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan (N.T.)
| | - Kokichi Arisawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Scinces, Tokushima, Japan (K.A.)
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan (Y.M., M.K.)
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan (Y.M., M.K.)
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine (A.H., R.O., T.T., K.T., K.W.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine (A.H., R.O., T.T., K.T., K.W.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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27
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Rusmevichientong P, Nguyen H, Morales C, Jaynes J, Wood MM. Food Choices and Hypertension Among Rural Thais: Evidence From a Discrete Choice Experiment. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604850. [PMID: 35910428 PMCID: PMC9335071 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The rural northern region of Thailand exhibits the highest rate of hypertension. This study explored hypertensive-related food choices between normotensive and hypertensive people residing in rural northern Thailand to determine which food attributes influence their choices. Methods: The study conducted a discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey among Thai adults residing in rural northern Thailand (n = 403) to estimate the relative importance of four food attributes, including food preparation, price, taste, and amount of salt. A mixed logit model was used to analyze the data from the DCE. Results: The first and second most important attributes in both hypertensive and normotensive groups were the amount of salt and food preparation at home, respectively, followed by price and taste. Specifically, the normotensive group was more attentive to the amount of salt in their food than their hypertensive counterparts. Conclusion: Intervention programs in rural communities may benefit from focusing their attention on embracing low-salt cultural foods and providing guidance on how to add flavor without additional salt or reduce high sodium seasonings without losing flavor when cooking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pimbucha Rusmevichientong
- Department of Public Health, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Pimbucha Rusmevichientong,
| | - Helen Nguyen
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Celina Morales
- Department of Population Health and Disease Prevention, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jessica Jaynes
- Department of Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States
| | - Michele M. Wood
- Department of Public Health, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States
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28
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Kurniansyah N, Goodman MO, Kelly TN, Elfassy T, Wiggins KL, Bis JC, Guo X, Palmas W, Taylor KD, Lin HJ, Haessler J, Gao Y, Shimbo D, Smith JA, Yu B, Feofanova EV, Smit RAJ, Wang Z, Hwang SJ, Liu S, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Manson JE, Lloyd-Jones DM, Rich SS, Loos RJF, Redline S, Correa A, Kooperberg C, Fornage M, Kaplan RC, Psaty BM, Rotter JI, Arnett DK, Morrison AC, Franceschini N, Levy D, Sofer T. A multi-ethnic polygenic risk score is associated with hypertension prevalence and progression throughout adulthood. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3549. [PMID: 35729114 PMCID: PMC9213527 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In a multi-stage analysis of 52,436 individuals aged 17-90 across diverse cohorts and biobanks, we train, test, and evaluate a polygenic risk score (PRS) for hypertension risk and progression. The PRS is trained using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for systolic, diastolic blood pressure, and hypertension, respectively. For each trait, PRS is selected by optimizing the coefficient of variation (CV) across estimated effect sizes from multiple potential PRS using the same GWAS, after which the 3 trait-specific PRSs are combined via an unweighted sum called "PRSsum", forming the HTN-PRS. The HTN-PRS is associated with both prevalent and incident hypertension at 4-6 years of follow up. This association is further confirmed in age-stratified analysis. In an independent biobank of 40,201 individuals, the HTN-PRS is confirmed to be predictive of increased risk for coronary artery disease, ischemic stroke, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzulul Kurniansyah
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew O Goodman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tali Elfassy
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kerri L Wiggins
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Walter Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Henry J Lin
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Haessler
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yan Gao
- The Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Daichi Shimbo
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elena V Feofanova
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roelof A J Smit
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simin Liu
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health and Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine, and Surgery, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- The Population Sciences Branch of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Hosseinpour-Niazi S, Hadaegh F, Mirmiran P, Daneshpour MS, Mahdavi M, Azizi F. Effect of legumes in energy reduced dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet on blood pressure among overweight and obese type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:72. [PMID: 35562742 PMCID: PMC9107125 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00841-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of legumes in dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) on blood pressure and urinary sodium and potassium in participants with type 2 diabetes. We further investigated whether changes in individual dietary food groups in the DASH diet contribute to blood pressure. METHODS Participants were randomized to the traditional DASH diet (n = 150) or the legume-based DASH diet (n = 150). Blood pressure and urinary sodium and potassium were measured at baseline and after 16-week interventions. An intention-to-treat approach with multiple imputations of missing data was applied. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) was applied to assess the linearity and explore the shape of the relationship between the changes in food groups and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the two intervention groups. RESULTS A reduction in SBP and urinary sodium was observed at week 16 in both dietary interventions, and this reduction was more significant in the legume-based DASH diet, than in the DASH diet. In the legume-based DASH diet, SBP decreased with the legume intake of more than 95.8 g/day (P nonlinear < 0.001). The multivariable RCS analysis showed a U-shaped relationship of refined grains, an L-shaped relationship of fruits, and a linear relationship of sweet, energy, sodium and vegetables intake with SBP. CONCLUSIONS The DASH diet, enriched in legumes, could improve SBP in participants with type 2 diabetes. In DASH diet, the balance of consumption of refined grains and fruits along with higher vegetable consumption and lower sweet, sodium and energy intake reduced the SBP. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT20090203001640N17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Hadaegh
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- , No. 24, A'rabi St., Yeman Av., Velenjak, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam S Daneshpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahdavi
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Antihypertensive Effect of Dietary β-Conglycinin in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR). Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12050422. [PMID: 35629926 PMCID: PMC9146479 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12050422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary β-conglycinin has been shown to increase plasma adiponectin concentration and decrease visceral adipose tissue weight in rats. Since adiponectin is one of the factors regulating blood pressure, as well as modulating lipid metabolism, we examined whether dietary β-conglycinin affects blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The experimental diets were prepared according to the AIN-93G formula containing 20% protein, either casein (Control) or casein replaced with soy protein isolate (SOY) or β-conglycinin (β-CON) at the proportion of 50%. Male rats (SHR/Izm, 6 wk-old) were fed the diets for 7 weeks. The SOY compared with the Control significantly suppressed the blood pressure both at week 4 (p = 0.011, Control vs. SOY) and thereafter, and β-CON had even higher suppression (p = 0.0002, Control vs. β-CON). SOY and β-CON increased plasma adiponectin concentration followed by an increase in plasma nitric oxide and possibly a decreasing trend of gene expressions of angiotensinogen in the liver and renin in the kidney. The results indicated suppression by β-conglycinin of increasing blood pressure through an enhancement of plasma adiponectin, probably in combination with a regulation of the renin–angiotensin system in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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Butts CA, Hedderley DI, Martell S, Dinnan H, Middlemiss-Kraak S, Bunn BJ, McGhie TK, Lill RE. Influence of oral administration of kukoamine A on blood pressure in a rat hypertension model. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267567. [PMID: 35522680 PMCID: PMC9075663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The benefits of lowering blood pressure (BP) are well established for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. While there are a number of pharmaceuticals available for lowering BP, there is considerable interest in using dietary modifications, lifestyle and behaviour changes as alternative strategies. Kukoamines, caffeic acid derivatives of polyamines present in solanaceous plants, have been reported to reduce BP. We investigated the effect of orally administered synthetic kukoamine A on BP in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR) laboratory animal model of hypertension. Prior to the hypertension study, we determined the safety of the synthetic kukoamine A in a single oral dose (5 or 10 mg kg-1 bodyweight) 14-day observational study in mice. No negative effects of the oral administration of kukoamine A were observed. We subsequently investigated the effect of daily oral doses of kukoamine A (0, 5, 10 mg kg-1 bodyweight) for 35 days using the SHR rat model of hypertension. The normotensive control Wistar Kyoto (WKY) strain was used to provide a baseline for normal BP in rats. We observed no effect of orally administered synthetic kukoamine A on arterial hypertension in this laboratory animal model of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A. Butts
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Duncan I. Hedderley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Sheridan Martell
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Hannah Dinnan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Barry J. Bunn
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Tony K. McGhie
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ross E. Lill
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Bordoni L, Malinowska AM, Petracci I, Szwengiel A, Gabbianelli R, Chmurzynska A. Diet, Trimethylamine Metabolism, and Mitochondrial DNA: An Observational Study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200003. [PMID: 35490412 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and its methylation level in the D-loop area have been correlated with metabolic health and are suggested to vary in response to environmental stimuli, including diet. Circulating levels of trimethylamine-n-oxide (TMAO), which is an oxidative derivative of the trimethylamine (TMA) produced by the gut microbiome from dietary precursors, have been associated with chronic diseases and are suggested to have an impact on mitochondrial dynamics. This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between diet, TMA, TMAO, and mtDNAcn, as well as DNA methylation. METHODS AND RESULTS Two hundred subjects with extreme (healthy and unhealthy) dietary patterns are recruited. Dietary records are collected to assess their nutrient intake and diets' quality (Healthy Eating Index). Blood levels of TMA and TMAO, circulating levels of TMA precursors and their dietary intakes are measured. MtDNAcn, nuclear DNA methylation long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1), and strand-specific D-loop methylation levels are assessed. There is no association between dietary patterns and mtDNAcn. The TMAO/TMA ratio is negatively correlated with d-loop methylation levels but positively with mtDNAcn. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a potential association between TMA metabolism and mitochondrial dynamics (and mtDNA), indicating a new avenue for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bordoni
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, 62032, MC, Italy
| | - Anna M Malinowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, 60-624, Poland
| | - Irene Petracci
- School of Advanced Studies, University of Camerino, Camerino, 62032, MC, Italy
| | - Artur Szwengiel
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, 60-624, Poland
| | - Rosita Gabbianelli
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, 62032, MC, Italy
| | - Agata Chmurzynska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, 60-624, Poland
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Stannard S, Berrington A, Alwan NA. The mediating pathways between parental separation in childhood and offspring hypertension at midlife. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7062. [PMID: 35488035 PMCID: PMC9054745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Social life course determinants of adult hypertension are relatively unknown. This paper examines how parental separation before age 10 relates to hypertension at age 46. Adjusting for parental confounders and considering the role of adult mediators, we aim to quantify unexplored mediating pathways in childhood using prospectively collected data. Data from the 1970 British Birth Cohort Study are utilised. Hypertension is measured by health care professionals at age 46. Potential mediating pathways in childhood include body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, illness, disability, family socioeconomic status (SES) and cognitive and developmental indicators at age 10. Additionally, we explore to what extent childhood mediators operate through adult mediators, including health behaviours, family SES, BMI and mental wellbeing. We also test for effect modification of the relationship between parental separation and hypertension by gender. Nested logistic regression models test the significance of potential mediating variables. Formal mediation analysis utilising Karlson Holm and Breen (KHB) method quantify the direct and indirect effect of parental separation on offspring hypertension at midlife. There was an association between parental separation and hypertension in mid-life in women but not men. For women, family SES and cognitive and behavioural development indicators at age 10 partly mediate the relationship between parental separation and hypertension at age 46. When adult mediators including, health behaviours, family SES, BMI and mental wellbeing are included, the associations between the childhood predictors and adult hypertension are attenuated, suggesting that these childhood mediators in turn may work through adult mediators to affect the risk of hypertension in midlife. We found family SES in childhood, cognitive and behaviour development indicators at age 10, including disruptive behaviour, coordination and locus of control in childhood, to be important mediators of the relationship between parental separation and midlife hypertension suggesting that intervening in childhood may modify adult hypertension risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Stannard
- Department of Social Statistics and Demography, University of Southampton, Building 58, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK. .,ESRC Centre for Population Change, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Ann Berrington
- Department of Social Statistics and Demography, University of Southampton, Building 58, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.,ESRC Centre for Population Change, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Nisreen A Alwan
- School of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton, UK
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34
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Malhotra A, Verma A, Kaur D, Ranjan P, Kumari A, Madan J. A Stepwise Approach to Prescribe Dietary Advice for Weight Management in Postpartum and Midlife Women. J Obstet Gynaecol India 2022; 72:114-124. [PMID: 35492860 PMCID: PMC9008112 DOI: 10.1007/s13224-022-01643-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Weight retention and weight gain during the postpartum and midlife period subsequently increase the risk of chronic health conditions, thereby deteriorating the overall health. Dietary intervention is the pivotal component of sustainable weight management. However, in resource restricted settings, where dietitians may not be present, other healthcare professionals such as physicians, obstetricians, and paediatricians should play a vital role in providing timely weight management advice to these women. Therefore, this article provides dietary advice including the setting of realistic weight loss goals, identifying an individual's calorie needs, distribution of macronutrients and consideration of important micronutrients. Healthcare professionals can follow the stepwise approach to prescribe dietary advice to postpartum and midlife women for their weight management. Various dietary principles such as cultural and regional preferences of an individual, portion size, hypocaloric diets, nutrient-dense meals, eating habits, cultural beliefs and myths along with co-morbid conditions should be taken into consideration by healthcare professionals while providing the dietary prescription. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13224-022-01643-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Malhotra
- Department of Home Science, Lakshmibai College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Aditi Verma
- Department of Home Science, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Divjyot Kaur
- Department of Home Science, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Piyush Ranjan
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Archana Kumari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jagmeet Madan
- Department of Food Nutrition and Dietetics, Sir Vithaldas Thackersey College of Home Science, SNDT Women’s University, Mumbai, India
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35
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Hassan NE, Elshebini S, Hassan N, El hussieny MS, Selim M, Amin DH, Nageeb A, Ibrahim M, Khalil A. Association between Quality of Diets and the Risk of Obesity Complication among a Sample of Egyptian Obese Women. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.7177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The fundamental cause of obesity and overweight is an energy imbalance between calories consumed and calories expended. The aim of this study was to identify the awareness of a sample of Egyptian women about eating healthy diet, using Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet as an example.
Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study included 109 Egyptian women random chosen, with age range 25-60 years. Full clinical examinations, anthropometric parameters, dietary recalls, and socioeconomic parameters were recorded. Biochemical analysis was done including serum lipid profile.
Results: Data showed that a large percentage of the participants (56.9%) were consuming a poor-quality diet, while 20.0% were consuming intermediate quality diet. Only 16.5% and 9.2% of them were aware of eating a good and high-quality healthy diet. Data shows that the calories, macronutrients, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), cholesterol and sodium intake among both poor and the intermediate groups were higher, while their intake of the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), fiber, important vitamins and the minerals, was significantly low. The mean values of the BMI, body fat %, FFM (Fat Free Mass), waist circumference, visceral fat and LDL-C values showed significant differences between the groups at p≤ 0.05- 0.001, in favor of the good and high groups.
Conclusions: Data of this study revealed that poor quality diet was widespread among studied Egyptian women sample; right food choice was associated with the educational level. So, helping individuals to make the right food choices will help in improve diet quality and health.
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36
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Louca P, Nogal A, Mompeo O, Christofidou P, Gibson R, Spector TD, Berry SE, Valdes AM, Mangino M, Menni C. Body mass index mediates the effect of the DASH diet on hypertension: Common metabolites underlying the association. J Hum Nutr Diet 2022; 35:214-222. [PMID: 34699106 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is beneficial in reducing blood pressure; however, this may be a consequence of concurrent weight reduction. In the present study, we investigated whether body mass index (BMI) mediates the association between the DASH diet and hypertension and investigate common metabolic pathways. METHODS We included 2424 females from the cross-sectional TwinsUK cohort, with blood pressure, BMI and dietary intake measured within 1.01 (SD = 0.68) years and serum metabolomics profiling (591 metabolites). We constructed a mediation model to test the mediation effects of BMI on the total effect of the DASH diet on hypertension. To identify a metabolite panel associated with the DASH diet and BMI, we built random forest models for each trait, and selected the common metabolic contributors using five-fold cross-validation error. RESULTS We found that BMI fully mediates the association between the DASH diet and hypertension, explaining 39.1% of the variance in hypertension. We then identified a panel of six common metabolites predicting both the DASH diet and BMI with opposing effects. Interestingly, at the univariate level, the metabolites were also associated with hypertension in the same direction as BMI. The strongest feature, 1-nonadecanoyl-GPC (19:0), was positively associated with the DASH diet (β [SE] = 0.65 [0.12]) and negatively with BMI (β [SE] = -1.34 [0.12]) and hypertension (odds ratio = 0.71, 95% confidence interval = 0.6-0.84). CONCLUSIONS We highlight the role of BMI in the mechanisms by which the DASH diet influences hypertension and also highlight common metabolic pathways. Further studies should investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms to increase our understanding of the beneficial ways of treating hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Nogal
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Olatz Mompeo
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Rachel Gibson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah E Berry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ana M Valdes
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, UK.,Academic Rheumatology Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, UK
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37
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Bhattacharya S, Bera OP, Saleem SM, Hossain MM, Varshney DS, Kaur R, Rana RK, Tripathi S, Gokdemir O, Bacorro M, Mehta K, Singh A. Dietary salt consumption pattern as an antecedent risk factor for hypertension: Status, vision, and future recommendations. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 47:422-430. [PMID: 35063238 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Multiple salt reduction strategies have been devised from time to time, addressing the issues of hypertension without considering the other essential factors, like the variability of salt sensitivity from the person to person. In this paper, we discuss how high salt consumption is one modifiable risk factor associated with hypertension among Indians, and there needs to be updated cut-off values. A thorough literature search on salt consumption articles on well-known search engines like Cochrane Library, PubMed, Google Scholar and Embase electronic database revealed a paucity of data in this field for India. Several studies revealed that the mean salt intake among the Indian populations ranges between 5.22 and 42.30 g/day. Moreover, among other risk factors analysed, salt intake (≥ 5 gm/day) was significantly associated with the development of hypertension. Although the need to address reduced salt intake for primordial prevention of hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in India is well acknowledged by the key stakeholders, social and cultural beliefs, unorganized food retail sector and lack of existing food policing are some of the potential barriers that affect the progress and employment of such effective strategies. Some multinational food companies have already research is warranted to evaluate the contextual barriers and facilitators and to adopt effective strategies to improve awareness among consumers, to encourage the endorsement of salt reduction by the food industry, and to facilitate the adoption of countrywide consumer-friendly food labelling. We concluded that salt consumption is high in India, although this assessment has been done primarily by subjective methods in India. People all across are recommended the same cut-off value of dietary salt consumption regardless of the diversity in dietary patterns and environmental conditions across the country. There is an urgent need to address these issues through evidence-based population research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Om Prakash Bera
- National Consultant, Global Health Advocacy Incubator, India
| | | | - Md Mahbub Hossain
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Texas A & M University, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ravneet Kaur
- Associate Professor of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rishabh Kumar Rana
- Department of PSM, Patliputra Medical College and Hospital PMCH, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
| | | | - Ozden Gokdemir
- PhD Izmir University of Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Madonna Bacorro
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Sto. Tomas Hospital, Espana, Manila, Philippines
| | - Kedar Mehta
- GMERS Medical College, Community Medicine, Gotri, Vadodara, India
| | - Amarjeet Singh
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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38
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Kaur M, Kaur H, Rathi S, Ashwitha M, Joanna J, Reddy S, Idris B, Myrtle P, Kandamuru S, Fatima S, Joshi A. Apps on Google Play Store to assist in self-management of hypertension in Indian context: features analysis study. Mhealth 2022; 8:14. [PMID: 35449503 PMCID: PMC9014236 DOI: 10.21037/mhealth-21-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of individuals with hypertension are turning to the Internet and m-health technologies for assistance. There is a need to study the content of smartphone applications on hypertension. The study aimed to review and investigate the functional and analytical characteristics of apps related to the self-management of hypertension available on Google Play Store. METHODS Search was conducted in February 2021 in India using the Google Play Store database to identify currently available Android-based apps related to self-management of hypertension/high blood pressure (BP). Keywords used were: 'Hypertension', 'High blood pressure', 'DASH diet', 'Hypertension diet', and 'Blood pressure diet'. A total of 822 apps were screened based on the duplicates, inclusion, and exclusion criteria. A total of 210 were included for further analysis. RESULTS Eighteen percent (n=37) of the apps had an overall rating of 4.5 or above. About 41% of the apps belonged to the medical category and 41% of the apps were characterized in the health and fitness category. Feature of logging/recording the BP measurement was seen in 73% of the apps. In-app graphing to analyze BP trends was reported in 64 % of the included apps. A few apps focused on tracking medication (n=19), sodium intake (n=2), and calorie intake (n=4). CONCLUSIONS The features were common across all the included apps and were focusing only on recording the BP, providing statistics and trends of BP, and providing educational information. App developers should now aim to provide other components of self-management techniques to help individuals tackle hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Kaur
- Foundation of Healthcare Technologies Society, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Foundation of Healthcare Technologies Society, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Surbhi Rathi
- Foundation of Healthcare Technologies Society, New Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Nutrition, St. Ann’s College for Women, Hyderabad, India
| | - Manikyarao Ashwitha
- Foundation of Healthcare Technologies Society, New Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Nutrition, St. Ann’s College for Women, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jenifer Joanna
- Foundation of Healthcare Technologies Society, New Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Nutrition, St. Ann’s College for Women, Hyderabad, India
| | - Srinitya Reddy
- Foundation of Healthcare Technologies Society, New Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Nutrition, St. Ann’s College for Women, Hyderabad, India
| | - Batul Idris
- Foundation of Healthcare Technologies Society, New Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Nutrition, St. Ann’s College for Women, Hyderabad, India
| | - Persis Myrtle
- Foundation of Healthcare Technologies Society, New Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Nutrition, St. Ann’s College for Women, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sarvani Kandamuru
- Foundation of Healthcare Technologies Society, New Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Nutrition, St. Ann’s College for Women, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sara Fatima
- Foundation of Healthcare Technologies Society, New Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Nutrition, St. Ann’s College for Women, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ashish Joshi
- CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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Dietary adherence and associated factors among hypertensive patients in Bahir Dar city Administration, Ethiopia, 2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AFRICA NURSING SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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40
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Siew-Keah L, Hann K, Hoe S, En L, Chin L, Chan MS, Kang T, Ang-Lim C. Awareness and perceived barriers in practicing healthy living to prevent hypertension among young adults in Malaysia. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.364001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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41
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Khalesi S, Williams E, Irwin C, Johnson DW, Webster J, McCartney D, Jamshidi A, Vandelanotte C. Reducing salt intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis of behavior change interventions in adults. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:723-740. [PMID: 34921314 PMCID: PMC8907486 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Prolonged high salt (sodium) intake can increase the risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Behavioral interventions may help reduce sodium intake at the population level. OBJECTIVE The effectiveness of behavior change interventions to reduce sodium intake in adults was investigated in this systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCE The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and EMBASE databases were searched. DATA EXTRACTION Narrative synthesis and random-effects meta-analyses were used to determine intervention efficacy. A total of 61 trials (46 controlled trials and 15 quasi-experimental studies) were included. RESULTS Behavior change interventions resulted in significant improvements in salt consumption behavior (eg, decrease in purchase of salty foods; increase in use of salt substitutes), leading to reductions in sodium intake as measured by urinary sodium in 32 trials (N = 7840 participants; mean difference, -486.19 mg/d [95%CI, -669.44 to -302.95]; P < 0.001; I2 = 92%) and dietary sodium in 19 trials (N = 3750 participants; mean difference -399.86 mg/d [95%CI, -581.51 to -218.20]; P < 0.001; I2 = 96%), equivalent to a reduction of >1 g of salt intake daily. Effects were not significantly different based on baseline sodium intakes, blood pressure status, disease status, the use of behavior change theories, or the main method of intervention delivery (ie, online vs face-to-face). CONCLUSION Behavior change interventions are effective at improving salt consumption practices and appear to reduce salt intake by >1 g/d. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020185639.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Khalesi
- Appelton Institute & School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton & Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Edwina Williams
- Appelton Institute & School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton & Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christopher Irwin
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - David W Johnson
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. D.W Johnson is with the Metro South Integrated Nephrology and Transplant Services (MINTS), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jacqui Webster
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Danielle McCartney
- Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Appelton Institute & School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton & Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Nascimento A, Santiago S, Coelho I, Ventura M, Gueifão S, Santos M, Castanheira I. Sodium and potassium contents in food samples from the first Portuguese total diet pilot study. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Daniel GD, Chen H, Bertoni AG, Rapp SR, Fitzpatrick AL, Luchsinger JA, Wood AC, Hughes TM, Burke GL, Hayden KM. DASH diet adherence and cognitive function: Multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 46:223-231. [PMID: 34857201 PMCID: PMC8812811 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet has been associated with better cognitive function in studies of predominantly White participants; few studies have examined this association in diverse cohorts. Our objective was to examine the association between the DASH diet and cognitive function in the diverse Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort. METHODS Among 4169 MESA participants, we evaluated prospectively, the association between DASH diet adherence and cognitive function. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire at baseline (2000-2002) and cognitive function was assessed using the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), Digit Symbol Coding (DSC), and Digit Span (DS) at Exam 5 in 2010-2012 and Exam 6 (2016-2019). Regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between quintiles of DASH diet adherence with CASI, DSC, and DS performance and decline, adjusting for potential confounders. Effect modification by hypertension, diabetes, race/ethnicity, acculturation, and exercise were evaluated. RESULTS DASH diet adherence was not associated with cognitive performance or decline for any of the measures. There were no differences by racial/ethnic groups, with the exception that Hispanic participants reporting greater DASH diet adherence, performed worse on DS at Exam 5 (p = 0.05). Components of the DASH diet were differentially correlated with test performance: increased consumption of nuts/legumes was associated with better performance on the CASI at Exam 5 (p = 0.003) and Exam 6 (p = 0.007). Increased consumption of whole grains was associated with better DSC performance at Exam 5 (p = 0.04) and better DS performance at Exam 6 (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS DASH diet adherence was nominally associated with cognitive function with a suggestion of differences by race/ethnicity. Future work should examine more closely, the relationships between racial and ethnic groups and the impact of diet on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- George D Daniel
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Haiying Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Alain G Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Stephen R Rapp
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - José A Luchsinger
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy M Hughes
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Gregory L Burke
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kathleen M Hayden
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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Defagó MD, Mozaffarian D, Irazola VE, Gutierrez L, Poggio R, Serón P, Mores N, Calandrelli M, Ponzo J, Rubinstein AL, Elorriaga N. Dietary patterns and blood pressure in Southern Cone of Latin America. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:3326-3334. [PMID: 34629255 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS in the Southern Cone of Latin America, previous studies have shown that blood hypertension is one of the most significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and diet plays a fundamental role. We analyzed the cross-sectional relationship between dietary patterns (DP) and blood pressure values in people involved in the CESCAS I Study. METHODS AND RESULTS the participants (n = 4626) were derived from randomly selected samples in 4 cities (Bariloche and Marcos Paz, Argentina; Temuco, Chile; and Pando-Barros Blancos, Uruguay). To define DP, a food-frequency questionnaire was applied and principal component analysis was performed. Blood pressure was determined according to standardized guidelines. A multivariate regression model was developed to determine the association between each DP and blood pressure values, according to the quartile (Q) of adherence to DP. Two predominant DP were detected, Prudent (PDP, higher consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, fish, seafood and nuts) and Western (WDP, higher consumption of red and processed meats, dressings, sweets, snacks and refined grains). A significant inverse association was found between adherence to PDP and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (-1.85 and -1.29 mmHg for Q4 vs Q1, respectively). Adherence to WDP was positively associated with systolic blood pressure (2.09 mmHg for Q4 vs Q1). CONCLUSION the WDP detected in the studied population is positively associated with higher levels of blood pressure, while greater adherence to healthy DP has a positive impact on blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- María D Defagó
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Lown Scholars Program, Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vilma E Irazola
- Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Gutierrez
- Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosana Poggio
- Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pamela Serón
- Universidad de La Frontera, CIGES, Temuco, Chile
| | - Nora Mores
- Municipalidad de Marcos Paz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matias Calandrelli
- Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jacqueline Ponzo
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Adolfo L Rubinstein
- Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Elorriaga
- Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIESP-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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45
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Islami F, Saghebjoo M, Kazemi T, Hedayati M. Gym and home-based combined training in men with primary hypertension: are they equally effective on functional fitness profile, body composition components, and biochemical parameters of hypertension? Clin Exp Hypertens 2021; 43:758-771. [PMID: 34467787 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2021.1960365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the effects of 10 weeks of gym versus home-based combined training on the functional fitness, body composition, and biochemical parameters of hypertension in primary hypertensive men. METHODS Forty-six patients (age 48 ± 9 years, BMI 30 ± 4 kg/m2) assigned into three groups: a gym-based combined training (GBCTr: n = 16; resistance at 60-80% of 1RM, using pin-loaded resistance equipment, aerobic at 40-60% HRR, and stretching), home-based combined training (HBCTr: n = 15; resistance at 12-15 RPE, using an elastic exercise band, aerobic at 40-60% HRR, and stretching), and control (CTR, n = 15). RESULTS Following GBCTr and HBCTr, the functional aerobic capacity (P = .005 and P = .004, respectively), flexibility (P = .01 and P = .004, respectively), and lower limb muscle strength (P = .01 and P = .02, respectively) was increased significantly compared with the CTR group. The body weight (P = .02), body mass index (P = .008), hip circumference (P = .02), and nitric oxide level in GBCTr and HBCTr group (P = .002 and P = .02, respectively) was decreased significantly compared with the CTR group. No significant changes found in the plasma levels of NADPH oxidase 5, thioredoxin-2, thioredoxin reductase-2, and resting blood pressure after GBCTr and HBCTr compared with the CTR group. CONCLUSION These results suggest that in hypertensive men, HBCTr equally to GBCTr improved functional fitness and body composition remarkably without necessarily reducing resting blood pressure. Therefore, they can be advisable substitutes for gaining health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Islami
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Saghebjoo
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Toba Kazemi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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46
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Cui Y, Liao M, Xu A, Chen G, Liu J, Yu X, Li S, Ke X, Tan S, Luo Z, Wang Q, Liu Y, Wang D, Zeng F. Association of maternal pre-pregnancy dietary intake with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-22. [PMID: 34666569 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1989658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to summarize the evidence regarding the effects of dietary intake before conception on pregnancy outcomes by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Electronic databases were searched from inception up to August 2021. Overall, 65 studies involving 831 798 participants were included and 38 studies were quantitatively pooled. With regard to maternal outcomes, pre-pregnancy intake of fried food, fast food, red and processed meat, heme iron and a low-carbohydrate dietary pattern was positively associated with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (all P < 0.05). However, a high dietary fiber intake and folic acid supplementation were negatively associated with GDM risk (both P < 0.05). With regard to neonatal outcomes, maternal caffeine intake before pregnancy significantly increased the risk of spontaneous abortion, while folic acid supplementation had protective effects on total adverse neonatal outcomes, preterm birth, and small-for-gestational age (SGA, all P < 0.05). However, no significant associations were found between adverse pregnancy outcomes (i.e., GDM and SGA) and the pre-pregnancy dietary intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, potato, fish, and carbohydrates and the Healthy Eating Index. Our study suggests that maintaining a healthy diet before conception has significant beneficial effects on pregnancy outcomes.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1989658.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Cui
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minqi Liao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aihua Xu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ganzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Gengdong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Foshan Institute of Fetal Medicine, Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Yu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuna Li
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingyao Ke
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sixian Tan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeyan Luo
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Donghong Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Ehichioya DE, Amah GH, Akamo JA, Sofola OA. Effect of dietary calcium and vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure control following salt loading. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Leong J, Jang SH, Bishop SK, Brown EVR, Lee EJ, Ko LK. "We understand our community": implementation of the Healthy Eating Healthy Aging program among community-based organizations. Transl Behav Med 2021; 11:462-469. [PMID: 32582949 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the second leading cause of death in the USA among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) over the age of 65. Healthy Eating Healthy Aging (HEHA), an evidence-based heart health program, can provide culturally appropriate nutrition education to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease. Community-based organizations (CBOs) are optimal settings to implement community-based programs. However, there is inadequate research on how evidence-based interventions like HEHA are implemented in CBOs. This study examined processes that facilitated the implementation of HEHA among CBOs serving older AAPIs. Twelve representatives from CBOs that implemented the HEHA program were recruited to participate in a semistructured interview. All the participants were CBO directors or senior managers. A semistructured interview guide was created and informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to capture how HEHA played into the five domains of CFIR: (a) intervention characteristics, (b) outer setting, (c) inner setting, (d) characteristics of the individuals, and (e) process. Data analysis captured themes under the CFIR domains. All five CFIR domains emerged from the interviews. Under intervention characteristics, three constructs emerged as facilitating the implementation of HEHA: (a) the participant's beliefs around the quality of the HEHA program and its ability to promote healthy eating, (b) HEHA's adaptability to different AAPI subgroups, and (c) perceptions of how successfully HEHA was bundled and assembled. Under outer setting, the participants described the community's need for healthy eating programs and how the HEHA program meets that need. Four constructs emerged under inner setting: (a) the CBO's structural characteristics and social standing in the community; (b) resources dedicated to the implementation and ongoing operations, including funding, training, education, physical space, and time; (c) the culture of the CBO; and (d) the participant's commitment and involvement in marketing, promotion, and implementation of HEHA. Under characteristics of individuals, participants' described their desire to learn the content of HEHA and deliver them successfully. Under process, participants described strategies to engage relevant individuals to facilitate HEHA implementation. The interviews with CBO representatives provided insights into CFIR domain constructs that facilitated the implementation of HEHA. CBOs are key settings for community health education. Understanding processes that lead to the successful implementation of evidence-based interventions among CBOs is critical for accelerating the dissemination and implementation of best practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Leong
- Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sou Hyun Jang
- Department of Sociology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sonia K Bishop
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Emily V R Brown
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eun Jeong Lee
- Asian American Resource and Information Network, Wood Ridge, NJ, USA
| | - Linda K Ko
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Ohukainen P, Virtanen JK, Ala-Korpela M. Vexed causal inferences in nutritional epidemiology-call for genetic help. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 51:6-15. [PMID: 34387668 PMCID: PMC8856007 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pauli Ohukainen
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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50
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Kim SS, Park S, Jin HS. Interaction between ALDH2 rs671 and life habits affects the risk of hypertension in Koreans: A STROBE observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26664. [PMID: 34260573 PMCID: PMC8284761 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) is associated with the risk of hypertension, and the effects of lifestyle factors on blood pressure vary according to genotype. Among the Han Chinese, the risk of hypertension is lower in the group with the rs671 A allele than in the group with the G allele, and there is a significant association between the frequency of fried food consumption and hypertension. However, the A allele significantly increases the risk of hypertension with increased fried food intake. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the relationship between ALDH2 polymorphism and complex lifestyle habits (fried food consumption and exercise) on hypertension.rs671 polymorphisms of ALDH2 were examined using Korean genome and epidemiology data from 8157 hypertensive cases and 9550 controls. Further, we investigated whether the A allele is protective against hypertension in Koreans and explored the effect of the combination of fried food intake and exercise habits on hypertension by genotype.The genotype frequencies of rs671, which is specific to East Asia, were 2.51% AA, 26.66% GA, and 70.83% GG in the Korean population. The group with inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 had a low odds ratio [OR = 0.75 (95% CI:0.69-0.80), P = 4.35 × 10-14] of hypertension, and low metabolism of acetaldehyde. Subjects carrying the A allele exhibited an increased risk of hypertension with increased fried food intake without exercise [OR = 2.256 (95% CI:1.094-4.654), P = .028].ALDH2 polymorphism and complex lifestyle habits (fried food consumption and exercise) are associated with the risk of hypertension. Further, the A allele is associated with a low risk of hypertension, but it increases the risk of hypertension as fried food intake without exercise increases.
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