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O'Brien CJ, van Zundert AA, Barach PR. The growing burden of workplace violence against healthcare workers: trends in prevalence, risk factors, consequences, and prevention - a narrative review. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 72:102641. [PMID: 38840669 PMCID: PMC11152903 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Workplace violence (WPV) against healthcare workers (HCW) is a globally growing problem in healthcare systems. Despite decades of research and interventions violent incidents are rising in their severity and frequency. A structured review of PubMed and Scopus databases and supplementary internet searches, resulted in a synthesis of evidence covering multiple countries and healthcare worker populations. High rates of WPV are increasingly common due to unmet patient expectations, poor communication, long wait times and organizational factors such as resourcing and infrastructure. We highlight links between WPV and poor worker health outcomes, staff turnover, reduced patient safety and medical errors. Few prevention and mitigation activities have shown sustained effects, highlighting the challenges in understanding and addressing the complex interplay of factors that drive violence against HCWs. The rapidly rising incidence of WPV requires special consideration and action from multiple stakeholders including patients and visitors, healthcare providers, law enforcement, media and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor J. O'Brien
- The Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - André A.J. van Zundert
- The Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Paul R. Barach
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Wu Y, Buljac-Samardzic M, Zhao D, Ahaus CTB. The importance and feasibility of hospital interventions to prevent and manage patient aggression and violence against physicians in China: a Delphi study. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2024; 22:34. [PMID: 38802830 PMCID: PMC11131301 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-024-00914-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggression and violence by patient (and their relatives/friends) is widely acknowledged as a serious occupational hazard, with physicians being particularly susceptible to witnessing and experiencing such incidents within hospitals. Research has shown that the negative consequences of such aggression and violence are not only felt at the individual level, but also at the team and organizational levels. Understanding how to prevent and manage this behavior towards physicians in hospitals is urgent and not fully researched. While there are many potentially effective interventions, it is unclear which ones would be valuable and feasible for Chinese hospitals. Because patient aggression and violence may occur more frequently in Chinese hospitals than in other countries, this suggests that cultural differences play a role and that tailored interventions may be needed. METHOD We conducted a Delphi study to reach a consensus on the importance and feasibility of hospital interventions to prevent and manage patient (and their relatives/friends) aggression and violence against physicians in Chinese hospitals. Seventeen experts in China were invited to complete online questionnaires over three rounds. RESULTS After three rounds, consensus was achieved concerning 44 interventions, five other interventions were rejected, and no consensus was reached on another two. These interventions were clustered into eight categories: environment design, access and entrance, staffing and working practices, leadership and culture, training and education, support, during/after-the-event actions, and hospital policy. Each category is considered important in preventing and managing patient (and their relatives/friends) aggression and violence towards physicians in Chinese hospitals. This study also investigated the feasibility of the suggested interventions and found that 36 of the 44 interventions were considered not only relevant, but also feasible for implementation in Chinese hospitals. CONCLUSIONS This study provides an overview of interventions that can be implemented in Chinese hospitals to prevent and manage patient (and their relatives/friends) aggression and violence before, during, and after a violent incident occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Wu
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Martina Buljac-Samardzic
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dahai Zhao
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - C T B Ahaus
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Yap CYL, Daniel C, Cheng L, Oliffe JL, Gerdtz M. Safewards in acute medical/surgical care wards: Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour model and Theoretical Domains Framework analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 153:104719. [PMID: 38430663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safewards is an evidence-based practice improvement model to minimise conflict in inpatient mental health units. There is limited published research on implementing Safewards in acute medical/surgical care wards. OBJECTIVE To identify, from nurses' perspectives, barriers, and facilitators to implement four Safewards interventions in acute medical/surgical care wards. METHODS This article reports qualitative findings from a funded mixed-method evaluation of the Safewards Acute Care Pilot Project. Six focus group interviews comprising 35 nursing staff from four hospitals in Victoria, Australia were completed between April and October 2022. The semi-structured interview guide included questions developed using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour model. Data was thematically analysed and mapped to a matrix combining Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour model and the Theoretical Domains Framework to elucidate barriers and facilitators to implementing four Safewards interventions in acute medical/surgical care wards. RESULTS Three components in the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour model and three Theoretical Domains Framework domains were identified as barriers to the adoption of Safewards in acute medical/surgical care wards. Specific barriers included physical opportunity challenges related to the environmental context and resources domains. The key themes included time constraints and competing priorities; lack of physical space and infrastructure; and poor patient uptake due to lack of understanding. Gaps emerged as a psychological capability barrier within the Theoretical Domains Framework knowledge domain. Additionally, resistance to practice changes was associated with the motivation component of the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour model. Conversely, six TDF domains were relevant to facilitating the implementation of the Safewards interventions: memory, attention, and decision processes; physical skills; social influences; social/professional role and identity; goals; and beliefs about consequences. Key facilitators included the Safewards interventions serving as reminders to focus on compassionate nursing care; nursing staff possessing the skillset for interventions; peer pressure and mandated change; supportive and passionate leadership; presence of champions to drive momentum; belief in nursing staff ownership and expertise for leading implementation; personal commitment to improve work environments and care quality; and the belief that Safewards would improve ward culture. CONCLUSIONS Addressing barriers and leveraging facilitators can inform strategies for enhancing staff capability to implement Safewards in acute care wards. Specifically, a tailored, multilayered approach focusing on leadership support, training, resources, patient input, and feedback can promote effective adoption of the Safewards model and adaptation of discrete interventions. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Safewards adaptation: Addressing barriers like resources, space, and patient awareness; leveraging peer modelling and leadership strategies for success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celene Y L Yap
- Department of Nursing, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 161 Barry Street, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Catherine Daniel
- Department of Nursing, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 161 Barry Street, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Lin Cheng
- Melbourne School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 161 Barry Street, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - John L Oliffe
- Department of Nursing, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 161 Barry Street, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Marie Gerdtz
- Department of Nursing, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 161 Barry Street, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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Yücel Özden KB, Sarıca Çevik H, Asenova R, Ungan M. Guardians of health under fire: Understanding and combating violence against doctors. Aten Primaria 2024; 56:102944. [PMID: 38678853 PMCID: PMC11066614 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2024.102944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Violence against physicians is not a newly emerged but an increasingly serious problem. Various studies have reported a prevalence of up to 90%. If not prevented, it not only causes physical and mental harm to physicians who are dedicated to serving humanity but also affects the entire healthcare system and, consequently, the whole community with its direct and indirect effects. Some interventions have a positive outcome when effectively managed. However, for these interventions to be permanent and effective, they need to be multidisciplinary, legally backed and adopted as public policy. In this article, the prevalence of violence against physicians in the literature, its causes, practices worldwide, and suggestions for solving this problem are compiled.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hüsna Sarıca Çevik
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Radost Asenova
- Medical University of Plovdiv, Department of Urology and General Medicine, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Mehmet Ungan
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Hasan MJ, Sarkar TY, Ahmed M, Banik A, Islam S, Zaman MS, Mahmud F, Paul A, Sakib MN, Dev A, Hossain MJ, Fardous J, Nishat NH, Rahman M. Violence against physicians working in public tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh: a facility-based cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e080244. [PMID: 38471678 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Violence against physicians in the workplace is a prevalent global issue, and Bangladesh is no exception. Such violence significantly disrupts healthcare delivery and the attainment of universal health coverage. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the prevalence, nature and associated risk factors of workplace violence (WPV) against physicians in Bangladesh. METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a public tertiary care hospital involving 441 physicians with a minimum tenure of 6 months. Data were gathered through a structured self-reported questionnaire, and statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS V.25. RESULTS Out of the surveyed physicians, 67.3% (n=297) reported experiencing violence, categorised as 84.5% psychological, 13.5% physical and 2% sexual in nature. Predominant forms of psychological violence included bullying (48.8%) and threats (40.1%). The mean age of exposed physicians was 32.5±4.3 (SD) years. Those working in the emergency unit (45.8%), surgery and allied departments (54.2%), engaging in rotating shift work (70%), morning shifts (59.6%) and postgraduate trainees (68%) were frequently subjected to violence. Factors significantly associated with WPV included placement in surgery and allied departments (p<0.001), working rotating shifts (p<0.001), marital status (p=0.011) and being a male physician (p=0.010). Perpetrators were primarily identified as relatives of patients (66%). Working in rotating shifts (adjusted OR(AOR):2.6, 95% CI:1.2 to 5.4) and surgery and allied departments (AOR:5.7, 95% CI:3.4 to 9.8) emerged as significant risk factors of violence against physicians. CONCLUSION A higher proportion of physicians at the early to mid-level stages of their careers, especially those in rotating shifts and surgery-related departments, reported incidence of WPV. Urgent intervention from policy-makers and healthcare entities is imperative to implement preventive measures. Strengthening security measures, establishing antiviolence policies and providing comprehensive training programmes are crucial steps towards ensuring a safer work environment for healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jahid Hasan
- Research and public Health, Tropical Disease and Health Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pi Research and Development Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mostak Ahmed
- Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aporna Banik
- Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Salwa Islam
- Pi Research and Development Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Faiza Mahmud
- Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ashish Paul
- Monowara Hospital (Pvt.) Ltd, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Anamica Dev
- Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Monjur Rahman
- Pi Research and Development Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Lee YH, Wu YH, Chen CY, Chiao-Tzu Lee P, Lin TH, Lai CY. Relationship between workplace violence and mental/physical health of security guards during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1333139. [PMID: 38469273 PMCID: PMC10925698 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1333139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the relationship between workplace violence (WPV) and mental and physical health (MPH) of security guards during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 15 representative security companies across northern, central, and southern Taiwan, and outlying islands from July 2021 to June 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic. 1,200 questionnaires were distributed. A total of 1,032 valid questionnaires were collected. Results 13.18% of the participants reported that they had experienced WPV during the COVID-19 pandemic, including physical violence (PhV), psychological violence (PsV), verbal violence (VV), and sexual harassment (SH). The most common violence was VV (54.19%), followed by PsV (20.69%). Community residents and property owners were the primary perpetrators, followed by strangers. The study showed that the security guards who had experienced WPV had higher scores on the 12-item Chinese Health Questionnaire (Taiwan version) (CHQ-12), indicating poorer MPH than those who had never experienced WPV. The result showed that VV had strong correlations with the lack of effective communication, dissatisfaction with treatment and service attitude, and work stress. PsV was strongly associated with excessive waiting times. Conclusion There were correlations among PhV, VV, and PsV and they had adverse impacts on MPH, except for SH. The study found that the primary perpetrators of WPV against security guards were community residents and property owners. The causes were the lack of effective communication, dissatisfaction with treatment and service attitude, excessive waiting times, and work stress, which further led to turnover intention and poor MPH. The findings of this study have useful implications and it is recommended to enhance the understanding of workplace violence against security guards and to formulate appropriate local and international strategies to address it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Han Lee
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Ying Chen
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Patricia Chiao-Tzu Lee
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Tzu-Hsien Lin
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chane-Yu Lai
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Roberts LW. Responding to Patients and Society in Distress. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2023; 98:1097-1098. [PMID: 37756142 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000005307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
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Browne TK, Lederman Z. Incentivising civility in clinical environments. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS 2023; 49:683-684. [PMID: 37433664 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2023-109231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Kayali Browne
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Practical and Public Ethics Research Group, Faculty of Arts, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zohar Lederman
- Medical Ethics and Humanities Unit, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Black T. Lifeboat ethics, risk, and therapeutic opportunity: an appeal for equitable psychedelic therapy access in the "high-risk" addiction patient. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1159843. [PMID: 37799400 PMCID: PMC10548230 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1159843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychedelic-assisted treatment (PAT) for mental health is in renaissance. Psilocybin and MDMA stand near FDA approval, and US cities and states are decriminalizing or regulating the non-clinical use of psilocybin. However, neither FDA indications nor a regulated use model sufficiently address the complex needs and opportunities for an improved treatment of addiction. When paired with disability and social dispossession, addiction increasingly burdens informal care networks, public safety, and particularly healthcare systems. Stigma and mistreatment alienate people from opportunities for care and multiply the costs of providing care. This dynamic worsens socially determined resource limitations, enforcing stark ethical choices and perpetuating socioeconomic inequities, isolation, mental illness, medical illness, overdose, suicide, and violence. In order for psychedelic treatments to achieve their greatest utility to population health, we must intentionally develop regulatory, clinical, and payment systems supporting clinical research, rigorous safety monitoring, and implementation to address these immense needs and reduce the barriers to engagement for those who now bear the costs, including those who work at the front lines of addiction care. To achieve full fruition, I advocate for a collaborative approach, built from within networks of mutual social support but linked and accountable to public institutions charged with the equitable dissemination of these therapies for the greatest social and health equities. Rather than relegating PAT to the needs of the commercially insured or wellness markets, this is the moment to learn from ancient traditions of ritualized sacramental use, organized around faith in our mutual dependency and accountability, and to capture an opportunity to improve population health and equity. To miss this opportunity is to accept the status quo in the midst of a growing emergency, for lack of moral vision and intention to change our habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Black
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Roberts LW. Toward a Larger, More Representative, and Fulfilled Health Professions Workforce. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2023; 98:971-972. [PMID: 37289838 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000005296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Rossi MF, Beccia F, Cittadini F, Amantea C, Aulino G, Santoro PE, Borrelli I, Oliva A, Ricciardi W, Moscato U, Gualano MR. Workplace violence against healthcare workers: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Public Health 2023; 221:50-59. [PMID: 37406450 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses was to address workplace violence (WPV) against healthcare workers (HCWs). Several systematic reviews exist in the literature, but the diversity of settings, population considered, and type of violence investigated make it difficult to gain insight and use the vast amount of available data to implement policies to tackle WPV. With this in mind, we conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on WPV against HCWs to examine the global prevalence of the phenomena and its features. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science were searched for relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in English up to November 2022. Data on authors, year, country, violence type, prevalence (pooled and not), setting, population, and specific considerations were extracted. RESULTS A total of 32 systematic reviews were included, 19 of which performed a meta-analysis, investigating overall, physical, and non-physical violence. Even considering the variability of the data, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the scale of the problem. From our review, we found that overall violence prevalence among HCWs was reported to be as high as 78.9%, and nurses working in psychiatric wards were the professionals most impacted. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this umbrella review revealed a high prevalence of WPV among HCWs, which varies between countries, population subgroups, and detection methods. Strengthening recognition of the problem could lead to appropriate local and international strategies to address it.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - F Beccia
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - F Cittadini
- Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Health Surveillance and Bioethics, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - C Amantea
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy.
| | - G Aulino
- Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Health Surveillance and Bioethics, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - P E Santoro
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy; Department of Women, Children and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - I Borrelli
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - A Oliva
- Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Health Surveillance and Bioethics, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - W Ricciardi
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy; Leadership in Medicine Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - U Moscato
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy; Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy; Department of Women, Children and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy; Center for Global Health Research and Studies, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - M R Gualano
- Center for Global Health Research and Studies, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, UniCamillus, Rome, Italy; Leadership in Medicine Research Center, Rome, Italy
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Li Q, Jing W, Wei Z, Wang Y, Sun L. Associations Between Workplace Violence and Mental Health Among Chinese Health Technicians: A Moderated Mediation Analysis of Sleep Quality and Physical Activity. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2045-2057. [PMID: 37305220 PMCID: PMC10252941 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s411098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Workplace violence (WPV) had always been the focus of attention in all walks of lives, especially in the health fields. Previous studies had shown it adversely affected mental health for healthcare workers. In addition, both sleep quality and physical activity were supported to have impact on mental health. However, the mechanism of sleep quality and physical activity influence the association between WPV and mental health had not been explored, so the purpose of this paper was to explore this mechanistic link among workplace violence, sleep quality, physical activity, and mental health in Chinese health technicians. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted in 3 cities of China, totally 3426 valid questionnaires were collected. WPV, physical activity, and social-demographic variables were evaluated. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were used to measure sleep quality and mental health. Descriptive analysis, univariate analysis, Pearson correlation, and moderated mediation analysis were used to estimate prevalence of WPV, association between WPV and mental health, and the role of sleep quality and physical activity on association between WPV and mental health. Results The prevalence of WPV was 52.2% among Chinese health technicians. After controlling social-demographic and work-related variables, sleep quality partially mediated the effect of WPV on mental health (indirect effect=0.829). Physical activity moderated the relationship between WPV and sleep quality (β=0.235, p=0.013), but not find the moderating role between WPV and mental health (β=0.140, p=0.474), and between sleep quality and mental health (β=0.018, p=0.550). Conclusion The rate of WPV among health technicians remained at an alarming level. Sleep quality and physical activity could mitigate the adverse effect of WPV on mental health. In the future, we could improve sleep quality and encourage health technicians to engage physical activity to decrease the negative effect of WPV on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiu Li
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Jing
- Hospital Service Department, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Long Sun
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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Yosep I, Mardhiyah A, Hendrawati H, Hendrawati S. Interventions for Reducing Negative Impacts of Workplace Violence Among Health Workers: A Scoping Review. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:1409-1421. [PMID: 37251104 PMCID: PMC10216865 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s412754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Workplace violence on health workers in the workplace causes physical and psychological problems. Negative impacts on victims of workplace violence such as physical problems, anxiety, depression, stress, and risk of death or risk of suicide. This problem needs to be addressed immediately so as not to impact post-traumatic stress disorder and reduce the work performance of health workers. The purpose of this study is to explore interventions to reduce the negative impact of workplace violence on health workers. This study used scoping review design with a descriptive approach to data analysis. The CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus databases were used in this investigation. This study used PCC's framework (Population, Content, Context). The keywords are workplace violence, healthcare personnel, interventions, and programs were used by the authors. Search strategy used PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. The sample are health workers, original research used a randomized control trial or quasi-experiment design, and the publication time had to be within the previous ten years (2014-2023). The JBI assessment was used to assess the quality of the article. We found 11 articles who discuss about interventions to reduce negative effects of workplace violence among health workers. This study shows that there is a decrease in psychological problems in victims of workplace violence such as anxiety, depression, and incidents of workplace violence. The range of sample in this study are 30-440 respondents. The authors discovered three different types of interventions: training programs, cognitive behavior therapy, and workplace violence programs. Interventions must focus on both the physical and psychological needs of the victims of workplace violence, psychiatric nurses and psychologists carried out interventions in a thorough manner. Interventions carried out by psychiatric nurses and psychologists can reduce the negative impact of workplace violence on health workers such as anxiety, depression and other psychological problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyus Yosep
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Ai Mardhiyah
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Hendrawati Hendrawati
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Sri Hendrawati
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
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Barrett TA, Di Tosto G, Shiu-Yee K, Melnyk HL, Rush LJ, Sova LN, Lampert BC, Ganapathi AM, Whitson BA, Waterman BL, McAlearney AS. Prevalence of Violence against Providers in Heart and Lung Transplant Programs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4805. [PMID: 36981714 PMCID: PMC10049342 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Workplace violence in healthcare institutions is becoming more frequent. The objective of this study was to better understand the nature of threat and physical acts of violence from heart and lung transplant patients and families toward healthcare providers and suggest programmatic mitigation strategies. We administered a brief survey to attendees at the 2022 International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation Conference in Boston, Massachusetts. A total of 108 participants responded. Threats of physical violence were reported by forty-five participants (42%), were more frequently reported by nurses and advanced practice providers than physicians (67% and 75% vs. 34%; p < 0.001) and were more prevalent in the United States than abroad (49% vs. 21%; p = 0.026). Acts of physical violence were reported by one out of every eight providers. Violence against providers in transplant programs warrants closer review by health systems in order to ensure the safety of team members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A. Barrett
- Division of Palliative Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Heart and Vascular Center, Richard M. Ross Heart Hospital, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Gennaro Di Tosto
- The Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Karen Shiu-Yee
- The Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Halia L. Melnyk
- The Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Laura J. Rush
- The Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lindsey N. Sova
- The Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Brent C. Lampert
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Asvin M. Ganapathi
- Heart and Vascular Center, Richard M. Ross Heart Hospital, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bryan A. Whitson
- Heart and Vascular Center, Richard M. Ross Heart Hospital, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Brittany L. Waterman
- Division of Palliative Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ann Scheck McAlearney
- The Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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15
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Al Khatib O, Taha H, Al Omari L, Al-Sabbagh MQ, Al-Ani A, Massad F, Berggren V. Workplace Violence against Health Care Providers in Emergency Departments of Public Hospitals in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3675. [PMID: 36834370 PMCID: PMC9964576 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Workplace violence (WPV) against healthcare providers is a serious problem that carries health, safety, and legal consequences. Healthcare providers working in emergency departments (ED) are more susceptible to WPV compared to other healthcare settings. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of physical and verbal violence against ED physicians and nurses in public hospitals in Amman, Jordan, and to explore the relationship between WPV and the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to assess physical and verbal violence against ED physicians and nurses. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 67 physicians and 96 nurses from three public hospitals in Amman. In the past year, 33% and 53% of the participants experienced physical and verbal violence, respectively. Compared to their female counterparts, males were more frequently physically (43.7% vs. 2.3%, p-value < 0.001) and verbally (61.3% vs. 29.5%, p-value < 0.001) abused. The main perpetrators of physical and verbal violence were the patients' relatives. Out of 53 physical and 86 verbal abuse incidents, only 15 cases (10.8%) were followed up with legal persecution. In conclusion, there is a widespread occurrence of physical and verbal violence against ED physicians and nurses in the public sector hospitals in Jordan. A collaborative effort by all stakeholders should be instituted to ensure the safety of the physicians and nurses and to improve the quality of the healthcare provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Al Khatib
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Hana Taha
- Department of Pharmacology, Public Health and Clinical Skills, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
- Department of Neuroscience, Caring Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Lujain Al Omari
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | | | - Abdallah Al-Ani
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
| | - Faysal Massad
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Vanja Berggren
- Department of Neuroscience, Caring Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
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