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Ofori-Attah E, Hashimoto M, Oki M, Kadowaki D. Therapeutic Effect of Natural Products and Dietary Supplements on Aflatoxin-Induced Nephropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2849. [PMID: 38474096 PMCID: PMC10932067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins are harmful natural contaminants found in foods and are known to be hepatotoxic. However, recent studies have linked chronic consumption of aflatoxins to nephrotoxicity in both animals and humans. Here, we conducted a systematic review of active compounds, crude extracts, herbal formulations, and probiotics against aflatoxin-induced renal dysfunction, highlighting their mechanisms of action in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The natural products and dietary supplements discussed in this study alleviated aflatoxin-induced renal oxidative stress, inflammation, tissue damage, and markers of renal function, mostly in animal models. Therefore, the information provided in this review may improve the management of kidney disease associated with aflatoxin exposure and potentially aid in animal feed supplementation. However, future research is warranted to translate the outcomes of this study into clinical use in kidney patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezer Ofori-Attah
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; (M.H.); (M.O.)
| | - Mai Hashimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; (M.H.); (M.O.)
| | - Mayu Oki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; (M.H.); (M.O.)
| | - Daisuke Kadowaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; (M.H.); (M.O.)
- DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
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Liu Y, Wang J, Chang Z, Li S, Zhang Z, Liu S, Wang S, Wei L, Lv Q, Ding K, Zhang Z. SeMet alleviates AFB 1-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in rabbit kidney by regulating Nrf2//Keap1/NQO1 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 269:115742. [PMID: 38039849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the protective effect of SeMet on renal injury induced by AFB1 in rabbits and its molecular mechanism. Forty rabbits of 35 days old were randomly divided into control group, AFB1 group (0.3 mg AFB1/kg b.w), 0.2 mg/kg Se + AFB1 group (0.3 mg AFB1/kg b.w + 0.2 mg SeMet/kg feed) and 0.4 mg/kg Se + AFB1 group (0.3 mg AFB1/kg b.w + 0.4 mg SeMet/kg feed). The SeMet treatment group was fed different doses of SeMet diets every day for 21 days. On the 17-21 day, the AFB1 treatment group, the 0.2 mg/kg Se + AFB1 group and the 0.4 mg/kg Se + AFB1 group were administered 0.3 mg AFB1 /kg b.w by gavage (dissolved in 0.5 ml olive oil) respectively. The results showed that AFB1 poisoning resulted in the changes of renal structure, the increase of renal coefficient and serum biochemical indexes, the ascent of ROS and MDA levels, the descent of antioxidant enzyme activity, and the significant down-regulation of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1. Besides, AFB1 poisoning increased the number of renal apoptotic cells, rised the levels of PTEN, Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9, and decreased the levels of PI3K, AKT, p-AKT and Bcl-2. In summary, SeMet was added to alleviate the oxidative stress injury and apoptosis of kidney induced by AFB1, and the effect of 0.2 mg/kg Se + AFB1 is better than 0.4 mg/kg Se + AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Chang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | | | - Zhikai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Shiyang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Shuaishuai Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Lan Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Qiongxia Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Ke Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Ziqiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China.
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Chen X, F. Abdallah M, Chen X, Rajkovic A. Current Knowledge of Individual and Combined Toxicities of Aflatoxin B1 and Fumonisin B1 In Vitro. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:653. [PMID: 37999516 PMCID: PMC10674195 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15110653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are considered the most threating natural contaminants in food. Among these mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) are the most prominent fungal metabolites that represent high food safety risks, due to their widespread co-occurrence in several food commodities, and their profound toxic effects on humans. Considering the ethical and more humane animal research, the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) principle has been promoted in the last few years. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the research studies conducted up to date on the toxicological effects that AFB1 and FB1 can induce on human health, through the examination of a selected number of in vitro studies. Although the impact of both toxins, as well as their combination, were investigated in different cell lines, the majority of the work was carried out in hepatic cell lines, especially HepG2, owing to the contaminants' liver toxicity. In all the reviewed studies, AFB1 and FB1 could invoke, after short-term exposure, cell apoptosis, by inducing several pathways (oxidative stress, the mitochondrial pathway, ER stress, the Fas/FasL signaling pathway, and the TNF-α signal pathway). Among these pathways, mitochondria are the primary target of both toxins. The interaction of AFB1 and FB1, whether additive, synergistic, or antagonistic, depends to great extent on FB1/AFB1 ratio. However, it is generally manifested synergistically, via the induction of oxidative stress and mitochondria dysfunction, through the expression of the Bcl-2 family and p53 proteins. Therefore, AFB1 and FB1 mixture may enhance more in vitro toxic effects, and carry a higher significant risk factor, than the individual presence of each toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Chen
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.F.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Mohamed F. Abdallah
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.F.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science), Jinan 250014, China;
| | - Andreja Rajkovic
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.F.A.); (A.R.)
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Demirkapi EN, Ince S, Demirel HH, Arslan-Acaroz D, Acaroz U. Polydatin reduces aflatoxin-B1 induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammatory cytokine levels in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:70842-70853. [PMID: 37155108 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This study showed the protective effect of polydatin (PD), which has an antioxidant activity against oxidative stress in mice caused by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). In this study, 36 male Swiss albino mice were divided equally into 6 groups: 0.2 mL of FTS was administered to the control group, 0.2 mL of olive oil to the second group, and 0.75 mg/kg AFB1 to the third group by intragastric gavage every day for 28 days. The fourth, fifth, and sixth groups were administered 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg PD and 0.75 mg/kg AFB1 intragastrically for 28 days, respectively. AFB1 administration increased plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and malondialdehyde levels in blood and tissue samples but decreased the level of glutathione and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. On the other hand, it was determined that PD applications depending on the increasing doses brought these levels closer to normal. In addition, AFB1 administration increased the amount of ssDNA and liver COX-2, TNF-α, IL-6, NFκB, and Cyp3a11 mRNA expression levels; on the other hand, it decreased the IL-2 mRNA expression level. In contrast, increasing doses of PD application regulated the amount of ssDNA and these mRNA expression levels. Additionally, histopathological damage was observed in the liver and kidney tissues of the AFB1 group, while PD applications in a dose-dependent manner improved these damages. As a result, it was determined that PD reduced AFB1-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammation and exhibited a protective effect on tissues in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Nur Demirkapi
- Veterinary Faculty, Department of Physiology, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
| | - Sinan Ince
- Veterinary Faculty, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | | | - Damla Arslan-Acaroz
- Veterinary Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ulas Acaroz
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Afyon Kocatepe University, Veterinary Faculty, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Zhang Z, Sun Y, Xie H, Wang J, Zhang X, Shi Z, Liu Y. Protective effect of selenomethionine on kidney injury induced by ochratoxin A in rabbits. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:29874-29887. [PMID: 36417076 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of selenomethionine (SeMet) on ochratoxin A (OTA)-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits. In total, sixty Ira rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups (the control group, OTA group, 0. 2 mg/kg SeMet + OTA group, 0. 4 mg/kg SeMet + OTA group, and 0. 6 mg/kg SeMet + OTA group). The rabbits were fed diets supplemented with different doses of SeMet for 21 days and given 0. 2 mg/kg OTA starting on day 15 for a week. The results showed that the SeMet supplementation could improve the changes in blood physiological indices and renal function decline caused by OTA poisoning, and alleviate pathological kidney injury in the rabbits. SeMet also increased the activities of total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase, and decreased the contents of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species and the expression of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the damaged kidneys of the rabbits. In addition, the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream gene heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) was also inhibited after OTA poisoning, while SeMet activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway and enhanced the expression of Nrf2 and the downstream gene HO-1. In conclusion, SeMet protected against kidney injury caused by OTA in rabbits, and the mechanism may be the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
| | - Yingying Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
| | - Hui Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
| | - Zhangyu Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China.
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Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Li M, Xu J, Wang J, Li M, Wei L, Lv Q, Chen X, Wang Y, Liu Y. SeMet attenuates AFB1-induced intestinal injury in rabbits by activating the Nrf2 pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113640. [PMID: 35597141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of selenomethionine (SeMet) in alleviating AFB1 induced intestinal injury by inhibiting intestinal oxidative stress. Forty 35-day-old rabbits were divided randomly into 4 groups (control group, AFB1 group, 0.2 mg/kg Se + AFB1 group, 0.4 mg/kg Se + AFB1 group). From the first day of the experiment, the two treatment groups were fed 0.2 mg/kg SeMet or 0.4 mg/kg SeMet daily for 21 days. On the 17th day, all rabbits in the model group and the two treatment groups were given intragastric AFB1 daily for 5 days. The ADG, ADFI and FCR of the rabbits were examined. Rabbit jejunum tissue was collected for hematoxylin- eosin staining (HE), PCNA detection, immunofluorescence and WB. Intestinal tissue IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the production performance was decreased, the levels of ROS and MDA were increased in intestinal tissues, the activity of antioxidant enzymes was decreased and the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were decreased in AFB1-exposed rabbits. In addition, AFB1 induces an inflammatory response in the jejunum and promotes the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. SeMet pretreatment significantly improved the performance of the rabbits, alleviated intestinal oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. Therefore, we confirmed that SeMet protects against AFB1 induced oxidative damage and improves productivity in rabbits by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Monan Li
- The School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China
| | | | - Mengyun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China
| | - Lan Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China
| | - Qiongxia Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China
| | | | - Yuqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China.
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7
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Wang Y, Song M, Wang Q, Guo C, Zhang J, Zhang X, Cui Y, Cao Z, Li Y. PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is activated to protect against AFB 1-induced kidney damage in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 358:109884. [PMID: 35304092 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a toxic food pollutant that has extensive deleterious impacts on the kidney. Oxidative stress represents the primary mechanism of AFB1 nephrotoxicity and can also cause mitochondrial damage. Damaged mitochondria can trigger apoptosis leading to kidney injury. PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy can alleviate mitochondrial injury to maintain cellular homeostasis, however, its role in AFB1-induced kidney damage is unknown. To investigate the effect of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy on kidney impairment triggered by AFB1, 40 male wild-type (WT) C57BL/6N mice were first assigned to 4 groups and orally exposed to AFB1 at 0, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mg/kg body weight (BW) for 28 days. The results revealed that AFB1 induced kidney damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, apoptosis and activated PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy with a dose-dependent effect. Then, 20 male WT C57BL/6N mice and 20 male Parkin knockout (Parkin-/-) C57BL/6N mice were assigned to 4 groups and orally exposed to AFB1 at 0, 1, 0, and 1 mg/kg BW for 28 days. The results revealed that Parkin-/- suppressed mitophagy and exacerbated kidney damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis under AFB1 exposure. The aforementioned evidences demonstrate that PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is activated by AFB1 and protects against kidney damage in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Miao Song
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Chen Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xuliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yilong Cui
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Mao X, Li H, Ge L, Liu S, Hou L, Yue D, Du H, Pan C, Gan F, Liu Y, Huang K, Chen X. Selenomethionine alleviated Ochratoxin A induced pyroptosis and renal fibrotic factors expressions in MDCK cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 36:e22933. [PMID: 34676619 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is universally known to induce nephrotoxicity via inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis, inhibiting protein synthesis and activating autophagy. Our previous studies have proved that OTA induces nephrotoxicity in vitro and in vivo by adjusting the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis. Based on these findings, we further investigated the protective role of selenomethionine (SeMet) on OTA-caused nephrotoxicity using the Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells as an in vitro model, proposing to offer a new way for remedying OTA-induced nephrotoxicity by nutritional manipulation. We measured the cell vitality, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and the expression of renal fibrotic genes, NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis related genes. MTT and LDH results indicated that SeMet supplementation significantly mitigated 2.0 μg/ml OTA-induced cytotoxicity in MDCK cells (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, SeMet alleviated OTA induced increase of reactive oxygen species in MDCK cells. Then, the expressions of α-SMA, Vimentin, and TGF-β were detected both in mRNA and protein levels. The results indicated 8 μM SeMet supplementation could significantly downregulate the expression of OTA-induced renal fibrosis-related genes (p < 0.05). In addition, the upregulation of OTA-induced NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis downstream genes was also significantly inhibited by 8 μM of SeMet (p < 0.05). In summary, SeMet could alleviate OTA-induced renal fibrotic genes expression and reduce NLRP3-caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis. Therefore, SeMet supplementation may become an effective approach for preserving animals from renal injury exposed to OTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Mao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuiping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongmei Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cuiling Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunhuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Animal Nutrition and Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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9
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Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity in Zebrafish Larva ( Danio rerio): Protective Role of Hericium erinaceus. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13100710. [PMID: 34679002 PMCID: PMC8541241 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13100710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a secondary metabolite produced by fungi of the genus Aspergillus, has been found among various foods as well as in fish feed. However, the effects of AFB1 on fish development and its associated toxic mechanism are still unclear. In the present study, we confirmed the morphological alterations in zebrafish embryos and larvae after exposure to different AFB1 doses as well as the oxidative stress pathway that is involved. Furthermore, we evaluated the potentially protective effect of Hericium erinaceus extract, one of the most characterized fungal extracts, with a focus on the nervous system. Treating the embryos 6 h post fertilization (hpf) with AFB1 at 50 and 100 ng/mL significantly increased oxidative stress and induced malformations in six-day post-fertilization (dpf) zebrafish larvae. The evaluation of lethal and developmental endpoints such as hatching, edema, malformations, abnormal heart rate, and survival rate were evaluated after 96 h of exposure. Hericium inhibited the morphological alterations of the larvae as well as the increase in oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. In conclusion: our study suggests that a natural extract such as Hericium may play a partial role in promoting antioxidant defense systems and may contrast lipid peroxidation in fish development by counteracting the AFB1 toxicity mechanism.
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Shahba S, Mehrzad J, Malvandi AM. Neuroimmune disruptions from naturally occurring levels of mycotoxins. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10.1007/s11356-021-14146-4. [PMID: 33932215 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14146-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Substantial pieces of evidence support the potential of exogenous toxins in disrupting neuroimmune homeostasis. It appears that mycotoxins are one of the noticeable sources of naturally occurring substances dysregulating the immune system, which involves the physiology of many organs, such as the central nervous system (CNS). The induction of inflammatory responses in microglial cells and astrocytes, the CNS resident cells with immunological characteristics, could interrupt the hemostasis upon even with low-level exposure to mycotoxins. The inevitable widespread occurrence of a low level of mycotoxins in foods and feed is likely increasing worldwide, predisposing individuals to potential neuroimmunological dysregulations. This paper reviews the current understanding of mycotoxins' neuro-immunotoxic features under low-dose exposure and the possible ways for detoxification and clearance as a perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shahba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalil Mehrzad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Mohammad Malvandi
- Science and Technology Pole, IRCCS Multimedica, Via Gaudenzio Fantoli, 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy.
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Mao X, Hua C, Yang L, Zhang Y, Sun Z, Li L, Li T. The Effects of Selenium on Wheat Fusarium Head Blight and DON Accumulation Were Selenium Compound-Dependent. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12090573. [PMID: 32899906 PMCID: PMC7551897 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12090573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum not only results in severe yield losses, but also contaminates wheat grains with deoxynivalenol (DON) toxins. Prevention and control of FHB and DON contamination rely mainly on resistant varieties and fungicides. Selenium (Se) is an essential element for humans and animals, and also a beneficial element for plants. In this work, four Se compounds, i.e., sodium selenite (Na2SeO3), sodium selenate (Na2SeO4), selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocysteine (SeCys2), were supplemented in a trichothecene biosynthesis induction (TBI) solid medium at different dosages in in vitro experiments. The four Se compounds at the dosage of 20 mg∙L−1 were sprayed onto wheat spikes immediately after inoculation at anthesis. All four of the Se compounds significantly inhibited the mycelial growth and DON production in the in vitro experiment; however, in planta, their effects on FHB severity and toxin accumulation in grains were compound-dependent. SeMet consistently negatively regulated fungal growth and DON accumulation both in vitro and in planta, which could be a novel and proconsumer strategy for reducing the detriment of wheat FHB disease and DON accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tao Li
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-514-8797-7806
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12
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Abstract
Fungi produce mycotoxins in the presence of appropriate temperature, humidity, sufficient nutrients and if the density of the mushroom mass is favorable. Although all mycotoxins are of fungal origin, all toxic compounds produced by fungi are not called mycotoxins. The interest in mycotoxins first started in the 1960s, and today the interest in mycotoxin-induced diseases has increased. To date, 400 mycotoxins have been identified and the most important species producing mycotoxins belongs to Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria and Fusarium genera. Mycotoxins are classified as hepatotoxins, nephrotoxins, neurotoxins, immunotoxins etc. In this review genotoxic and also other health effects of some major mycotoxin groups like Aflatoxins, Ochratoxins, Patulin, Fumonisins, Zearalenone, Trichothecenes and Ergot alkaloids were deeply analyzed.
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13
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Gouda A, El-Moniary MM, Hamouda Y, Youssef AW, Hassan HMA. Vitamin E Supplementation and Early Age Heat Conditioning to Alleviate the Negative Effects of Heat Stress in Quail Chicks. Pak J Biol Sci 2020; 23:526-532. [PMID: 32363838 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.526.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Inclusion of vitamin E in poultry diets and manipulation of temperature at early age has been known to help birds cope with heat stress at later age of their life. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of early age heat conditioning (EHC) and vitamin E addition on the performance and blood parameters to alleviate deleterious impact of heat stress in quail chicks. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three hundred one-day-old quail chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups of 5 replicates with 15 birds of each. Treatments were: Control, vitamin E: Chicks were fed the basal diet supplemented with 200 IU kg-1 diet vitamin E, EHC: Chicks were exposed to 40±1°C for 2 h at days 7th and 13th of embryogenesis and EHC+vitamin E: Chicks were exposed to 40±1°C for 2 h at days 7th and 13th of embryogenesis and fed the basal diet supplemented with 200 IU kg-1 vitamin E. The experiment lasted from 1-40 days of age. RESULTS The results indicated that using early age heat conditioning and/or supplementation of vitamin E significantly (p<0.05) improved body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio at 40 days of age. Significantly (p<0.05) improvement was observed in blood pH, H/L ratio and Hb concentration, thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), plasma protein fractions and antioxidant status (Total antioxidant capacity, catalase and superoxide dismutase). CONCLUSION Exposed quail chicks to early age heat conditioning and addition of vitamin E at 200 IU kg-1 diet can effectively alleviate the adverse effects of heat stress.
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Ren Z, He H, Fan Y, Chen C, Zuo Z, Deng J. Research Progress on the Toxic Antagonism of Selenium Against Mycotoxins. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 190:273-280. [PMID: 30267312 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1532-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Animal feed is prone to becoming infected with molds during production and storage, resulting in secondary metabolite mycotoxins, such as aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), T-2 toxins, deoxynivalenol (DON), and ochratoxin A (OTA), which are harmful to humans and animals. Selenium is an essential trace element for humans and animals, and it is also an effective antioxidant. Many studies have shown that selenium can reduce the damage caused by mycotoxins in animals. This article reviews the current literature on the antagonistic effects of selenium on AFB1, T-2, DON, and OTA toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hongyi He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yu Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Changhao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Rohn I, Raschke S, Aschner M, Tuck S, Kuehnelt D, Kipp A, Schwerdtle T, Bornhorst J. Treatment of Caenorhabditis elegans with Small Selenium Species Enhances Antioxidant Defense Systems. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801304. [PMID: 30815971 PMCID: PMC6499701 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Small selenium (Se) species play a key role in Se metabolism and act as dietary sources of the essential trace element. However, they are redox-active and trigger pro- and antioxidant responses. As health outcomes are strongly species-dependent, species-specific characteristics of Se compounds are tested in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS In the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), immediate and sustained effects of selenite, selenomethionine (SeMet), and Se-methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys) are studied regarding their bioavailability, incorporation into proteins, as well as modulation of the cellular redox status. While all tested Se compounds are bioavailable, only SeMet persistently accumulates and is non-specifically incorporated into proteins. However, the protection toward chemically-induced formation of reactive species is independent of the applied Se compound. Increased thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD) activity and changes in mRNA expression levels of antioxidant proteins indicate the activation of cellular defense mechanisms. However, in txnrd-1 deletion mutants, no protective effects of the Se species are observed anymore, which is also reflected by differential gene expression data. CONCLUSION Se species protect against chemically-induced reactive species formation. The identified immediate and sustained systemic effects of Se species give rise to speculations on possible benefits facing subsequent periods of inadequate Se intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Rohn
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Stefanie Raschke
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Simon Tuck
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Doris Kuehnelt
- Institute of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Kipp
- Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
- TraceAge - DFG Research Unit FOR 2558, Berlin-Potsdam-Jena, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
- TraceAge - DFG Research Unit FOR 2558, Berlin-Potsdam-Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
- TraceAge - DFG Research Unit FOR 2558, Berlin-Potsdam-Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
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Hu P, Zuo Z, Wang F, Peng X, Guan K, Li H, Fang J, Cui H, Su G, Ouyang P, Zhou Y. The Protective Role of Selenium in AFB 1-Induced Tissue Damage and Cell Cycle Arrest in Chicken's Bursa of Fabricius. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 185:486-496. [PMID: 29512029 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a naturally occurring secondary metabolites of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, and is the most toxic form of aflatoxins. Selenium (Se) with antioxidant and detoxification functions is one of the essential trace elements for human beings and animals. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of Se on AFB1-induced tissue damage and cell cycle arrest in bursa of Fabricius (BF) of chickens. The results showed that a dietary supplement of 0.4 mg·kg-1 Se alleviated the histological lesions induced by AFB1, as demonstrated by decreasing vacuoles and nuclear debris, and relieving oxidative stress. Furthermore, flow cytometry studies showed that a Se supplement protected AFB1-induced G2M phase arrest at 7 days and G0G1 phase arrest at 14 and 21 days. Moreover, the mRNA expression results of ATM, Chk2, p53, p21, cdc25, PCNA, cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin B3, CDK6, CDK2, and cdc2 indicated that Se supplement could restore these parameters to be close to those in the control group. It is concluded that a dietary supplement of 0.4 mg kg-1 Se could diminish AFB1-induced immune toxicity in chicken's BF by alleviating oxidative damage and cell cycle arrest through an ATM-Chk2-cdc25 route and the ATM-Chk2-p21 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Peng
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ke Guan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine Chengdu, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine Chengdu, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- College of Veterinary Medicine Chengdu, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hengmin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine Chengdu, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine Chengdu, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- College of Veterinary Medicine Chengdu, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Life Science Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Kumbhar S, Khan AZ, Parveen F, Nizamani ZA, Siyal FA, El-Hack MEA, Gan F, Liu Y, Hamid M, Nido SA, Huang K. Impacts of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on mRNA of heat shock proteins, selenoproteins and antioxidants in broilers exposed to high temperature. AMB Express 2018; 8:112. [PMID: 29992450 PMCID: PMC6039348 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary selenium (Se) and vitamin E (VE) supplementation on mRNA level of heat shock proteins, selenoproteins, and antioxidant enzyme activities in the breast meat of broilers under summer heat stress conditions. A total of 200 male broilers (Ross 308) of 1 day age were randomly separated into 4 groups in a complete randomized design and were given a basal diet (Control, 0.08 mg Se/kg diet) or basal diet supplemented with VE (250 mg/kg VE), sodium selenite (0.2 mg/kg Se), or Se + VE (0.2 mg/kg Se + 250 mg/kg VE) to investigate the expression of key antioxidant and heat shock protein (HSP) genes under high temperature stress. Dietary Se, VE and Se + VE significantly enhanced the activities and mRNA levels of catalase as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) but decreased the mRNA levels of HSP70 and HSP90. Se alone or combined with VE increased the concentration of selenoprotein P and selenoproteins mRNA level and decreased the expression of HSP60. In addition, Se and Se + VE significantly enhanced the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and the expression of GPx1 and GPx4 in breast muscle tissues. It is noteworthy that all the treatments significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the breast meat. Overall results showed that Se in combination with VE has maximal effects to mitigate heat stress. Based on given results it can be recommended that Se + VE are a suitable dietary supplement for broilers to ameliorate the negative effects of summer heat stress conditions.
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18
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Hou L, Zhou X, Gan F, Liu Z, Zhou Y, Qian G, Huang K. Combination of Selenomethionine and N-Acetylcysteine Alleviates the Joint Toxicities of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A by ERK MAPK Signal Pathway in Porcine Alveolar Macrophages. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:5913-5923. [PMID: 29799741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) could trigger joint immune toxicity. Little is known about the combined effects of selenomethionine (SeMet) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the joint toxicities of the two toxins. In this study, results showed that SeMet or NAC alone or in combination significantly alleviated the downswing of cell viability, glutathione production, and phagorytosis induced by AFB1 and OTA in porcine alveolar macrophages. The uptrend of lactate dehydrogenase activities, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species levels, and the relative mRNA of inflammatory cytokines triggered by the two toxins was decreased. Combination of them was more effective than single application. Knockdown of p38, c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK), or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) via use of the corresponding specific siRNA could alleviate the joint toxicities of AFB1 and OTA. However, the ERK but not p38 or JNK pathway was involved in the protection of SeMet and NAC against the immunotoxicity. In conclusion, combination of SeMet and NAC might be a new therapeutic orientation for preventing the joint toxicities induced by AFB1 and OTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
| | - Fang Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
| | - Zixuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
| | - Yajiao Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
| | - Gang Qian
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu Province , China
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Zheng N, Zhang H, Li S, Wang J, Liu J, Ren H, Gao Y. Lactoferrin inhibits aflatoxin B1- and aflatoxin M1-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in Caco-2, HEK, Hep-G2, and SK-N-SH cells. Toxicon 2018; 150:77-85. [PMID: 29753785 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxins, including aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and M1 (AFM1), are natural potent carcinogens produced by Aspergillus spp. These compounds, which can often be detected in dairy foods, can cause diseases in human beings. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in cytotoxicity, as well as methods for intervention, remain largely unexplored. For example, it is unclear whether lactoferrin (LF), a major antioxidant in milk, can inhibit the cytotoxicity of AFB1 and AFM1. In this study, we assessed AFB1- and AFM1-induced cell toxicity by measuring cell viability, membrane permeability, and genotoxicity, and then investigated the ability of LF to protect cells against AFB1 and AFM1. In Caco-2, HEK, Hep-G2, and SK-N-SH cells, 4 μg/mL AFB1 or AFM1 significantly inhibited cell growth, increased the level of lactate dehydrogenase, induced genetic damage, and increased the levels of signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) (p < 0.05). AFB1 was more genotoxic than AFM1 in all four cell lines, especially in Hep-G2. In Caco-2, Hep-G2, and SK-N-SH, incubation of AF-treated cells with 1000 μg/mL LF significantly decreased cytotoxicity, oxidation level, DNA damage, and levels of ERK1/2 and JNK (p < 0.05). Our data demonstrate that AFB1 or AFM1 induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in these four cell lines, and that LF alleviated toxicity by decreasing oxidative stress mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; Milk and Dairy Product Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, PR China
| | - Songli Li
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; Milk and Dairy Product Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; Milk and Dairy Product Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jia Liu
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100027, PR China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, PR China
| | - Yanan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; Milk and Dairy Product Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Theumer M, Henneb Y, Khoury L, Snini S, Tadrist S, Canlet C, Puel O, Oswald I, Audebert M. Genotoxicity of aflatoxins and their precursors in human cells. Toxicol Lett 2018; 287:100-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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In vitro immune toxicity of ochratoxin A in porcine alveolar macrophages: A role for the ROS-relative TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 272:107-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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22
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Chen X, Che C, Korolchuk VI, Gan F, Pan C, Huang K. Selenomethionine Alleviates AFB1-Induced Damage in Primary Chicken Hepatocytes by Inhibiting CYP450 1A5 Expression via Upregulated SelW Expression. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:2495-2502. [PMID: 28285519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of selenomethionine (SeMet) on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced hepatotoxicity in primary chicken hepatocytes. Cell viability and lactic dehydrogenase activity assays revealed the dose dependence of AFB1 toxicity to chicken hepatocytes. AFB1 concentrations of >0.05 μg/mL significantly reduced glutathione and total superoxide dismutase levels and increased the malondialdehyde concentration and cytochrome P450 enzyme 1A5 (CYP450 1A5) mRNA levels (P < 0.05). AFB1, however, did not affect CYP450 3A37 mRNA levels. Supplementation with 2 μM SeMet protected against AFB1-induced changes and significantly increased selenoprotein W (SelW) mRNA levels (P < 0.05). Additionally, SelW knockdown attenuated the protective effect of SeMet on AFB1-induced damage and significantly increased the level of CYP450 1A5 expression (P < 0.05). Therefore, SeMet alleviates AFB1-induced damage in primary chicken hepatocytes by improving SelW expression, thus inhibiting CYP450 1A5 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxiang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Chaoping Che
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Viktor I Korolchuk
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, U.K
| | - Fang Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Cuiling Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
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Wang X, Zuo Z, Zhao C, Zhang Z, Peng G, Cao S, Hu Y, Yu S, Zhong Z, Deng J, Ren Z. Protective role of selenium in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in piglet splenic lymphocytes exposed to deoxynivalenol. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 47:53-61. [PMID: 27620958 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of selenium (Se) on antioxidant enzymes of piglet splenic lymphocytes exposed to deoxynivalenol (DON). We measured cell viability, the activities of several antioxidant enzymes, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and the levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We found that DON exposure increased the concentrations of LDH, MDA, and H2O2 in all experimental groups in a dose-dependent manner, while the concentrations of other antioxidant enzymes were decreased. In Se-pretreated DON-exposed cells, damage to antioxidant enzymes was reduced, especially in the lower-dose DON groups over longer exposure times. These results may indicate that in piglet splenic lymphocytes, Se can alleviate DON-induced damage to antioxidant enzymes by improving glutathione peroxidase activity. Se may function as a potential antioxidative agent to alleviate DON-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Chuanping Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Guangneng Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Suizhong Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Yanchun Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Shumin Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Junliang Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhihua Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Hao S, Hu J, Song S, Huang D, Xu H, Qian G, Gan F, Huang K. Selenium Alleviates Aflatoxin B₁-Induced Immune Toxicity through Improving Glutathione Peroxidase 1 and Selenoprotein S Expression in Primary Porcine Splenocytes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:1385-1393. [PMID: 26806088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is generally known as an essential micronutrient and antioxidant for humans and animals. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a frequent contaminant of food and feed, causing immune toxicity and hepatotoxicity. Little has been done about the mechanisms of how Se protects against AFB1-induced immune toxicity. The aim of this present study is to investigate the protective effects of Se against AFB1 and the underlying mechanisms. The primary splenocytes isolated from healthy pigs were stimulated by anti-pig-CD3 monoclonal antibodies and treated by various concentrations of different Se forms and AFB1. The results showed that Se supplementation alleviated the immune toxicity of AFB1 in a dose-dependent manner, as demonstrated by increasing T-cell proliferation and interleukin-2 production. Addition of buthionine sulfoximine abrogated the protective effects of SeMet against AFB1. SeMet enhanced mRNA and protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), selenoprotein S (SelS), and thioredoxin reductase 1 without and with AFB1 treatments. Furthermore, knockdown of GPx1 and SelS by GPx1-specific siRNA and SelS-specific siRNA diminished the protective effects of SeMet against AFB1-induced immune toxicity. It is concluded that SeMet diminishes AFB1-induced immune toxicity through increasing antioxidant ability and improving GPx1 and SelS expression in splenocytes. This study suggests that organic selenium may become a promising supplementation to protect humans and animals against the decline in immunity caused by AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Hao
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junfa Hu
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Suquan Song
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Da Huang
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haibing Xu
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gang Qian
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang Gan
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
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Yu Z, Wang F, Liang N, Wang C, Peng X, Fang J, Cui H, Jameel Mughal M, Lai W. Effect of Selenium Supplementation on Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Blockage of Renal Cells in Broilers Fed a Diet Containing Aflatoxin B1. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 168:242-51. [PMID: 25931191 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0344-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the competency of selenium (Se) in counteracting the adverse effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on apoptosis, cell cycle, and proliferation of nephritic cells. Two hundred forty 1-day-old healthy male avian broilers were randomly divided into four groups and fed basal diet (control group), 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 diet (AFB1 group), 0.4 mg/kg Se diet (+Se group), and 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 + 0.4 mg/kg Se diet (AFB1 + Se group), respectively. Compared to the control group, the number of apoptotic renal cells and expressions of Bax and caspase-3 messenger RNA (mRNA) were significantly increased, while the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in the AFB1 and the +Se groups (p < 0.01). A significantly decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and arrested G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle were also seen in the AFB1 and the +Se groups when compared with those of the control group. Moreover, these parameters were restored to the control group levels in the AFB1 + Se group. These results suggested that sodium selenite supplied in the diet could effectively inhibit AFB1-induced apoptosis and cell cycle blockage in renal cells of broiler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya' an, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya' an, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya' an, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuhan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya' an, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya' an, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya' an, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengmin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya' an, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Jameel Mughal
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya' an, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya' an, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Liang N, Wang F, Peng X, Fang J, Cui H, Chen Z, Lai W, Zhou Y, Geng Y. Effect of Sodium Selenite on Pathological Changes and Renal Functions in Broilers Fed a Diet Containing Aflatoxin B₁. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:11196-208. [PMID: 26371027 PMCID: PMC4586669 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120911196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the renal toxicity of dietary aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) and ameliorating effects of added dietary sodium selenite in broiler, renal histopathological changes, ultrastructural changes, and renal function parameters were monitored at 7, 14, and 21 days of age. Two hundred one-day-old healthy male Avian broilers were divided into four groups, namely control group, AFB₁ group (0.3 mg/kg AFB₁), +Se group (0.4 mg/kg Se), and AFB₁+Se group (0.3 mg/kg AFB₁+0.4 mg/kg Se). Compared with that of the control group, the relative weight of kidney was increased in the AFB₁ group. There were no significant differences between the AFB₁+Se group and the control group. By histopathological observation, the renal epithelia were swelling and necrosis at 7 and 21 days of age. Ultrastructurally, the lipid droplets and expanded endoplasmic reticulum appeared in the plasma of epithelia cells in the AFB₁ group. Enlarged mitochondria with degenerated cristae were observed in the +Se group. Compared with the control group, the contents of serum creatinine and serum uric acid in the AFB₁ group were increased, while the activity of renal Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase was decreased. When 0.4 mg/kg selenium was added into the diet containing 0.3 mg/kg AFB₁, there were no obvious histological changes in the AFB₁+Se group, and the contents of the serum creatinine and serum uric acid contents and the activity of renal Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase were close to those in the control group. In conclusion, sodium selenite exhibited protective effects on AFB₁-induced kidney toxicity in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.
| | - Fengyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.
| | - Xi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.
| | - Jing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.
| | - Hengmin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.
| | - Weimin Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.
| | - Yi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.
| | - Yi Geng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.
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27
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Khoury L, Zalko D, Audebert M. Evaluation of four human cell lines with distinct biotransformation properties for genotoxic screening. Mutagenesis 2015; 31:83-96. [PMID: 26243742 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gev058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, we validated an in vitro genotoxicity assay based on γH2AX quantification using the In-Cell Western (ICW) method in HepG2 cells. The assay demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity but failed to detect genotoxicity for few compounds that require specific metabolic bioactivation not sufficiently covered by HepG2 cells. The aim of the present study was to assess γH2AX ICW sensitivity using a broader range of genotoxic molecules with HepG2 cells and three additional human cell lines with distinct biotransformation properties: two cell lines expressing some phase I and II bioactivation capabilities (LS-174T and Hep3B), and one with poor general bioactivation properties (ACHN). We evaluated the four cell lines by testing 24 compounds recommended by European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods and a set of 24 additional chemicals with different mode of genotoxic action (MOA) (aneugenicity, DNA adducts formation, induction of oxidative stress), including some known to require specific cytochrome P450 metabolic bioactivation. Results for the 48 compounds tested showed that the γH2AX ICW assay was more sensitive with LS-174T and HepG2 cells than with Hep3B or ACHN cell lines. Among the 38 compounds tested with positive or equivocal carcinogenicity data, 36 (95%) showed a positive genotoxic response with the γH2AX ICW assay compared to only 27 (71%) using the Ames assay. We confirm that the γH2AX ICW assay on HepG2 cells, without an exogenous metabolic activation system, may be a suitable test to predict the in vivo genotoxicity of chemicals with different genotoxic MOA. Moreover, the use of the ACHN cell line in combination with LS-174T and HepG2 cells may permit in many cases to discriminate direct from bioactivated genotoxins. Overall, our results confirm the high sensitivity of the γH2AX ICW assay which, in turn, should reduce the number of animals used for genotoxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Khoury
- UMR1331, Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRA, 180 chemin de Tournefeuille, F-31027 Toulouse, France and INPT, UPS, UMR1331, Université de Toulouse, 15 Rue des Lois, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Daniel Zalko
- UMR1331, Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRA, 180 chemin de Tournefeuille, F-31027 Toulouse, France and INPT, UPS, UMR1331, Université de Toulouse, 15 Rue des Lois, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Marc Audebert
- UMR1331, Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRA, 180 chemin de Tournefeuille, F-31027 Toulouse, France and INPT, UPS, UMR1331, Université de Toulouse, 15 Rue des Lois, F-31062 Toulouse, France
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28
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Hao S, Pan S, Hu J, Qian G, Gan F, Huang K. Aflatoxin B1 Suppressed T-Cell Response to Anti-pig-CD3 Monoclonal Antibody Stimulation in Primary Porcine Splenocytes: A Role for the Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinase (ERK1/2) MAPK Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:6094-6101. [PMID: 26073049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate whether aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced immunotoxicity is associated with oxidative stress and the expression of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) 1/2. The primary splenocytes isolated from healthy pigs were activated and proliferated by anti-pig-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) in the present experiment, which is an antigen-specific stimulant. Results indicated that cell proliferation and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production were significantly suppressed by AFB1 from 4 to 8 μg/mL in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control group. Furthermore, AFB1 significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) and total superoxide dismutase levels, and up-regulated p-ERK1/2 expression in the activated splenocytes. N-Acetyl-l-cysteine blocked anti-CD3-induced T-cell suppression by AFB1 through increasing intracellular concentrations of GSH levels, decreasing MDA levels, and down-regulated p-ERK1/2 expression, respectively. Inhibition of the ERK1/2 expression by ERK-specific iRNA attenuated the decrease of T-cell proliferation and IL-2 production induced by AFB1. It was concluded that AFB1 inhibits anti-CD3-induced lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 production by the oxidative stress mediated ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Hao
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shengchi Pan
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Junfa Hu
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Gang Qian
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fang Gan
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Selenium alleviates porcine nephrotoxicity of ochratoxin A by improving selenoenzyme expression in vitro. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119808. [PMID: 25803869 PMCID: PMC4372527 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin, is a potent nephrotoxin in humans and animals. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans and animals, and plays a key role in antioxidant defense. To date, little is known about the effect of Se on OTA-induced nephrotoxicity. In this study, the protective effects of selenomethionine against OTA-induced nephrotoxicity were investigated using the porcine kidney 15 (PK15) cells as a model. The results showed that OTA induced nephrotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Se at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 μM had significant protective effects against OTA-induced nephrotoxicity. Furthermore, selenomethionine enhanced the activity and mRNA and protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), mRNA expression of GPx4, and mRNA expression of thioredoxin reductase 1 in the presence and absence of OTA. Among them, promoting effect of selenomethionine on GPx1 was maximal. Knock-down of GPx1 by using a GPx1-specific siRNA eliminated the protective effects of selenomethionine against OTA-induced nephrotoxicity. The results suggest that selenomethionine alleviates OTA-induced nephrotoxicity by improving selenoenzyme expression in PK15 cells. Therefore, selenomethionine supplementation may be an attractive strategy for protecting humans and animals from the risk of kidney damage induced by OTA.
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Mousaie A, Valizadeh R, Naserian AA, Heidarpour M, Mehrjerdi HK. Impacts of feeding selenium-methionine and chromium-methionine on performance, serum components, antioxidant status, and physiological responses to transportation stress of Baluchi ewe lambs. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 162:113-23. [PMID: 25367352 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0162-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The effects of selenium-methionine (Se-Met) and chromium-methionine (Cr-Met) supplementation on performance and response to transportation stress were studied on 24 Baluchi ewe lambs (18-20 weeks of age) for 9 weeks. The lambs were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments: (1) control; (2) 1.5 mg supplemental Se-Met/kg dry matter (DM) of diet; (3) 0.8 mg supplemental Cr-Met/kg DM of diet; and (4) 1.5 mg Se-Met plus 0.8 mg Cr-Met/kg DM of diet (Se-Cr-Met). At the commencement of week 8, a road transportation stress (TS) was carried out for 30 min. Lambs fed Cr-Met and Se-Cr-Met diets had higher feed intake than the control and Se-Met animals (P < 0.0001). Lambs on Cr-Met diet showed higher average daily gain (ADG) compared to the control group (P = 0.007). Se-Met and Cr-Met supplementation alone or in combination significantly (P < 0.05) reduced feed conversion ratio (FCR). The animals that received Se-Met (P = 0.014), Cr-Met (P = 0.005), and Se-Cr-Met (P = 0.003) supplemented diets had lower glucose concentration than the control. Lambs on Cr-Met had higher blood T3 concentration than control animals (P = 0.040), while Cr-Met (P = 0.039) and Se-Cr-Met (P = 0.032) supplementation increased triiodothyronine (T3) to thyroxin (T4) ratio. Animals fed Se-Met and/or Cr-Met supplements had lower blood malondialdehyde (MDA) in week 9 of the experiment (P < 0.05). Blood ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) tended to be higher in the Se-Met- and Se-Cr-Met-supplemented groups (P < 0.1).TS reduced feed intake in lambs fed the control diet in week 8 of the experiment (P = 0.003). The lambs given with supplemental Cr-Met exhibited lower glucose concentration before transportation (BT) (P = 0.029) and after transportation (AT) (P = 0.016) compared to the control. Lambs fed Se-Cr-Met had the lowest cortisol concentration BT (P < 0.05). It was concluded that feeding Se-Met and/or Cr-Met supplements could improve growth performance and be beneficial in attenuating the adverse effects of transportation stress in Baluchi ewe lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mousaie
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948974, Iran,
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