1
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Liu J, He S, Ma B, Li X, Wang Y, Xiong J. TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis revealed that FBLN2 and NPR3 are involved in the early osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:7637-7654. [PMID: 37543430 PMCID: PMC10457061 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
The delicate equilibrium between osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation of MSCs is highly regulated. We screened for early-stage osteogenesis- or adipogenesis-based MSCs protein expression profiles using TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis to identify novel participating molecules. Protein annotation, hierarchical clustering, functional stratification, and protein-protein association assessments were performed. Moreover, two upregulated proteins, namely, FBLN2 and NPR3, were validated to participate in the osteogenic differentiation process of MSCs. After that, we independently downregulated FBLN2 and NPR3 over seven days of osteogenic differentiation, and we performed quantitative proteomics analysis to determine how different proteins were regulated in knockdown vs. control cells. Based on gene ontology (GO) and network analyses, FBLN2 deficiency induced functional alterations associated with biological regulation and stimulus-response, whereas NPR3 deficiency induced functional alterations related to cellular and metabolic processes, and so on. These findings suggested that proteomics remains a useful method for an in-depth study of the MSCs differentiation process. This will assist in comprehensively evaluating its role in osteoporosis and provide additional approaches for identifying as-yet-unidentified effector molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
| | - Shan He
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
| | - Baicheng Ma
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
| | - Xingnuan Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jianjun Xiong
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
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2
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Schindeler A, Lee LR, O'Donohue AK, Ginn SL, Munns CF. Curative Cell and Gene Therapy for Osteogenesis Imperfecta. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:826-836. [PMID: 35306687 PMCID: PMC9324990 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) describes a series of genetic bone fragility disorders that can have a substantive impact on patient quality of life. The multidisciplinary approach to management of children and adults with OI primarily involves the administration of antiresorptive medication, allied health (physiotherapy and occupational therapy), and orthopedic surgery. However, advances in gene editing technology and gene therapy vectors bring with them the promise of gene-targeted interventions to provide an enduring or perhaps permanent cure for OI. This review describes emergent technologies for cell- and gene-targeted therapies, major hurdles to their implementation, and the prospects of their future success with a focus on bone disorders. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Schindeler
- Bioengineering and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, the Children's Hospital at Westmead and the Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia.,Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Lucinda R Lee
- Bioengineering and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, the Children's Hospital at Westmead and the Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia.,Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Alexandra K O'Donohue
- Bioengineering and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, the Children's Hospital at Westmead and the Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia.,Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Samantha L Ginn
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
| | - Craig F Munns
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Child Health Research Centre and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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3
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Cho JH, Lee JH, Lee KM, Lee CK, Shin DM. BMP-2 Induced Signaling Pathways and Phenotypes: Comparisons Between Senescent and Non-senescent Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 110:489-503. [PMID: 34714366 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-021-00923-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of BMP-2 in orthopedic surgery is limited by uncertainty surrounding its effects on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and how this is affected by cellular aging. This study compared the effects of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation between senescent and non-senescent MSCs. Senescent and non-senescent MSCs were cultured in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation medium containing various concentrations of rhBMP-2. The phenotypes of these cells were compared by performing a calcium assay, adipogenesis assay, staining, real-time PCR, western blotting, and microarray analysis. rhBMP-2 induced osteogenic differentiation to a lesser extent (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005 for alkaline phosphatase activity and Ca2+ release) in senescent MSCs regardless of dose-dependent increase in both cells. However, the induction of adipogenic differentiation by rhBMP-2 was comparable between them. There was no difference between these two groups of cells in the adipogenesis assay (P = 0.279) and their expression levels of PPARγ were similar. Several genes such as CHRDL1, NOG, SMAD1, SMAD7, and FST encoding transcription factors were proposed to underlie the different responses of senescent and non-senescent MSCs to rhBMP-2 in microarray analyses. Furthermore, inflammatory, adipogenic, or cell death-related signaling pathways such as NF-kB or p38-MAPK pathways were upregulated by BMP-2 in senescent MSCs, whereas bone forming signaling pathways involving BMP, SMAD, and TGF- ß were upregulated in non-senescent MSCs as expected. This phenomenon explains bone forming dominance by non-senescent MSCs and possible frequent complications such as seroma, osteolysis, or neuritis in senescent MSCs during BMP-2 use in orthopedic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hwan Cho
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyup Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Mee Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Ki Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Myung Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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4
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Cho HY, Lee S, Park JH, Kwak YH, Kweon H, Kang D. Competitive Hybridization of a Microarray Identifies CMKLR1 as an Up-Regulated Gene in Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Compared to Human Embryonic Fibroblasts. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1497-1512. [PMID: 35723360 PMCID: PMC9164045 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44040102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely applied to the regeneration of damaged tissue and the modulation of immune response. The purity of MSC preparation and the delivery of MSCs to a target region are critical factors for success in therapeutic application. In order to define the molecular identity of an MSC, the gene expression pattern of a human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hBMSC) was compared with that of a human embryonic fibroblast (hEF) by competitive hybridization of a microarray. A total of 270 and 173 genes were two-fold up- and down-regulated with FDR < 0.05 in the hBMSC compared to the hEF, respectively. The overexpressed genes in the hBMSC over the hEF, including transcription factors, were enriched for biological processes such as axial pattern formation, face morphogenesis and skeletal system development, which could be expected from the differentiation potential of MSCs. CD70 and CD339 were identified as additional CD markers that were up-regulated in the hBMSC over the hEF. The differential expression of CD70 and CD339 might be exploited to distinguish hEF and hBMSC. CMKLR1, a chemokine receptor, was up-regulated in the hBMSC compared to the hEF. RARRES2, a CMKLR1 ligand, stimulated specific migration of the hBMSC, but not of the hEF. RARRES2 manifested as ~two-fold less effective than SDF-1α in the directional migration of the hBMSC. The expression of CMKLR1 was decreased upon the osteoblastic differentiation of the hBMSC. However, the RARRES2-loaded 10% HA-silk scaffold did not recruit endogenous cells to the scaffold in vivo. The RARRES2−CMKLR1 axis could be employed in recruiting systemically delivered or endogenous MSCs to a specific target lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Yeon Cho
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Beodeunaru-ro 55, Seoul 07247, Korea; (H.-Y.C.); (S.L.); (J.-H.P.)
- Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Hallym University Graduate School, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Sooho Lee
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Beodeunaru-ro 55, Seoul 07247, Korea; (H.-Y.C.); (S.L.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Ji-Hong Park
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Beodeunaru-ro 55, Seoul 07247, Korea; (H.-Y.C.); (S.L.); (J.-H.P.)
- Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Hallym University Graduate School, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Yoon Hae Kwak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - HaeYong Kweon
- Industrial Insect and Sericulture Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea;
| | - Dongchul Kang
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Beodeunaru-ro 55, Seoul 07247, Korea; (H.-Y.C.); (S.L.); (J.-H.P.)
- Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Hallym University Graduate School, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-6923-8230
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5
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Use of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells for Pediatric Orthopedic Applications. Tech Orthop 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/bto.0000000000000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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6
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Schmidt S, Linge A, Zwanenburg A, Leger S, Lohaus F, Krenn C, Appold S, Gudziol V, Nowak A, von Neubeck C, Tinhofer I, Budach V, Sak A, Stuschke M, Balermpas P, Rödel C, Bunea H, Grosu AL, Abdollahi A, Debus J, Ganswindt U, Belka C, Pigorsch S, Combs SE, Mönnich D, Zips D, Baretton GB, Buchholz F, Baumann M, Krause M, Löck S. Development and Validation of a Gene Signature for Patients with Head and Neck Carcinomas Treated by Postoperative Radio(chemo)therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:1364-1374. [PMID: 29298797 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify and independently validate a novel gene signature predicting locoregional tumor control (LRC) for treatment individualization of patients with locally advanced HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) who are treated with postoperative radio(chemo)therapy (PORT-C).Experimental Design: Gene expression analyses were performed using NanoString technology on a multicenter training cohort of 130 patients and an independent validation cohort of 121 patients. The analyzed gene set was composed of genes with a previously reported association with radio(chemo)sensitivity or resistance to radio(chemo)therapy. Gene selection and model building were performed comparing several machine-learning algorithms.Results: We identified a 7-gene signature consisting of the three individual genes HILPDA, CD24, TCF3, and one metagene combining the highly correlated genes SERPINE1, INHBA, P4HA2, and ACTN1 The 7-gene signature was used, in combination with clinical parameters, to fit a multivariable Cox model to the training data (concordance index, ci = 0.82), which was successfully validated (ci = 0.71). The signature showed improved performance compared with clinical parameters alone (ci = 0.66) and with a previously published model including hypoxia-associated genes and cancer stem cell markers (ci = 0.65). It was used to stratify patients into groups with low and high risk of recurrence, leading to significant differences in LRC in training and validation (P < 0.001).Conclusions: We have identified and validated the first hypothesis-based gene signature for HPV-negative HNSCC treated by PORT-C including genes related to several radiobiological aspects. A prospective validation is planned in an ongoing prospective clinical trial before potential application in clinical trials for patient stratification. Clin Cancer Res; 24(6); 1364-74. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schmidt
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Department of Biostatistics and Modelling in Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Annett Linge
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Alex Zwanenburg
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Department of Biostatistics and Modelling in Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Leger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fabian Lohaus
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Constanze Krenn
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Appold
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Volker Gudziol
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Nowak
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cläre von Neubeck
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Inge Tinhofer
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Budach
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ali Sak
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Stuschke
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Balermpas
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Claus Rödel
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hatice Bunea
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anca-Ligia Grosu
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Amir Abdollahi
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Heidelberg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), University of Heidelberg Medical School and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany.,Heidelberg Ion Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg Medical School, Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University of Heidelberg Medical School and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg Medical School and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Heidelberg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), University of Heidelberg Medical School and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany.,Heidelberg Ion Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg Medical School, Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University of Heidelberg Medical School and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg Medical School and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Ganswindt
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claus Belka
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Steffi Pigorsch
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie E Combs
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Institut für Innovative Radiotherapie (iRT), Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - David Mönnich
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tübingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Zips
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tübingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gustavo B Baretton
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Tumour- and Normal Tissue Bank, University Cancer Centre (UCC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Buchholz
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,University Cancer Centre (UCC), Medical Systems Biology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Baumann
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Löck
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Department of Biostatistics and Modelling in Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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7
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Dickinson SC, Sutton CA, Brady K, Salerno A, Katopodi T, Williams RL, West CC, Evseenko D, Wu L, Pang S, Ferro de Godoy R, Goodship AE, Péault B, Blom AW, Kafienah W, Hollander AP. The Wnt5a Receptor, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-Like Orphan Receptor 2, Is a Predictive Cell Surface Marker of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells with an Enhanced Capacity for Chondrogenic Differentiation. Stem Cells 2017; 35:2280-2291. [PMID: 28833807 PMCID: PMC5707440 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have enormous potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, until now, their development for clinical use has been severely limited as they are a mixed population of cells with varying capacities for lineage differentiation and tissue formation. Here, we identify receptor tyrosine kinase‐like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) as a cell surface marker expressed by those MSCs with an enhanced capacity for cartilage formation. We generated clonal human MSC populations with varying capacities for chondrogenesis. ROR2 was identified through screening for upregulated genes in the most chondrogenic clones. When isolated from uncloned populations, ROR2+ve MSCs were significantly more chondrogenic than either ROR2–ve or unfractionated MSCs. In a sheep cartilage‐repair model, they produced significantly more defect filling with no loss of cartilage quality compared with controls. ROR2+ve MSCs/perivascular cells were present in developing human cartilage, adult bone marrow, and adipose tissue. Their frequency in bone marrow was significantly lower in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) than in controls. However, after isolation of these cells and their initial expansion in vitro, there was greater ROR2 expression in the population derived from OA patients compared with controls. Furthermore, osteoarthritis‐derived MSCs were better able to form cartilage than MSCs from control patients in a tissue engineering assay. We conclude that MSCs expressing high levels of ROR2 provide a defined population capable of predictably enhanced cartilage production. Stem Cells2017;35:2280–2291
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally C Dickinson
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine A Sutton
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Kyla Brady
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Salerno
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Theoni Katopodi
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rhys L Williams
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher C West
- The University of Edinburgh, MRC Center for Regenerative Medicine, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Denis Evseenko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Suzanna Pang
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Roberta Ferro de Godoy
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Allen E Goodship
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Péault
- The University of Edinburgh, MRC Center for Regenerative Medicine, Scotland, United Kingdom.,The University of Edinburgh, Center for Cardiovascular Science, Scotland, United Kingdom.,David Geffen School of Medicine and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ashley W Blom
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Wael Kafienah
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
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8
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Bartold PM, Gronthos S. Standardization of Criteria Defining Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. J Dent Res 2017; 96:487-490. [PMID: 28425840 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517697653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P M Bartold
- 1 Colgate Australian Dental Research Centre, Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - S Gronthos
- 2 Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,3 South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
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9
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Huda F, Fan Y, Suzuki M, Konno A, Matsuzaki Y, Takahashi N, Chan JKY, Hirai H. Fusion of Human Fetal Mesenchymal Stem Cells with "Degenerating" Cerebellar Neurons in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1 Model Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164202. [PMID: 27802273 PMCID: PMC5089746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) migrate to damaged tissues, where they participate in tissue repair. Human fetal MSCs (hfMSCs), compared with adult MSCs, have higher proliferation rates, a greater differentiation capacity and longer telomeres with reduced senescence. Therefore, transplantation of quality controlled hfMSCs is a promising therapeutic intervention. Previous studies have shown that intravenous or intracortical injections of MSCs result in the emergence of binucleated cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) containing an MSC-derived marker protein in mice, thus suggesting a fusion event. However, transdifferentiation of MSCs into PCs or transfer of a marker protein from an MSC to a PC cannot be ruled out. In this study, we unequivocally demonstrated the fusion of hfMSCs with murine PCs through a tetracycline-regulated (Tet-off) system with or without a Cre-dependent genetic inversion switch (flip-excision; FLEx). In the FLEx-Tet system, we performed intra-cerebellar injection of viral vectors expressing tetracycline transactivator (tTA) and Cre recombinase into either non-symptomatic (4-week-old) or clearly symptomatic (6–8-month-old) spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) mice. Then, the mice received an injection of 50,000 genetically engineered hfMSCs that expressed GFP only in the presence of Cre recombinase and tTA. We observed a significant emergence of GFP-expressing PCs and interneurons in symptomatic, but not non-symptomatic, SCA1 mice 2 weeks after the MSC injection. These results, together with the results obtained using age-matched wild-type mice, led us to conclude that hfMSCs have the potential to preferentially fuse with degenerating PCs and interneurons but not with healthy neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathul Huda
- Department of Neurophysiology & Neural Repair, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371–8511, Japan
- Physiology Division, Department of Anatomy Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia
| | - Yiping Fan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 229899, Singapore
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, 119228, Singapore
| | - Mamiko Suzuki
- Department of Neurophysiology & Neural Repair, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371–8511, Japan
| | - Ayumu Konno
- Department of Neurophysiology & Neural Repair, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371–8511, Japan
| | - Yasunori Matsuzaki
- Department of Neurophysiology & Neural Repair, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371–8511, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Takahashi
- Department of Neurophysiology & Neural Repair, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371–8511, Japan
| | - Jerry K. Y. Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 229899, Singapore
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, 119228, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857, Singapore
| | - Hirokazu Hirai
- Department of Neurophysiology & Neural Repair, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371–8511, Japan
- * E-mail:
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10
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Borzabadi-Farahani A. Effect of low-level laser irradiation on proliferation of human dental mesenchymal stem cells; a systemic review. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2016; 162:577-582. [PMID: 27475781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Identification of factors that enhance the proliferation of human dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) is vital to facilitate tissue regeneration. The role of low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) on proliferation of human DMSCs has not been well established. OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of LLLI on proliferation of human DMSCs when applied in-vitro. DATA SOURCES Electronic search of literature was conducted (2000-2016) on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Search terms included low-level light therapy, low-level laser irradiation, low-level light irradiation, LLLT, humans, adolescent, adult, cells, cultured, periodontal ligament, dental pulp, stem cells, dental pulp stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, periodontal ligament stem cell, deciduous teeth, cell proliferation, adult stem cells, radiation, and proliferation. RESULTS The literature search identified 165 studies with 6 being eligible for inclusion; all used diode lasers; 5 studies used InGaAIP diode lasers; 4 used 660nm, and the other two applied 810nm or 980nm wavelength LLLI. The distance between the DMSCs and the laser spot ranged between 0.5mm to 2mm. The time intervals of cell proliferation analysis ranged from 0h to 7days after LLLI. After 660nm LLLI, an increase in the DMSC's proliferation was reported [DMSCs extracted from dental pulp of deciduous teeth (two irradiations, 3J/cm(2), 20mW was more effective than 40mW), adult teeth (two irradiations, 0.5 and 1.0J/cm(2), 30mW), and from adult periodontal ligament (two irradiations, 1.0J/cm(2) was more effective than 0.5J/cm(2), 30mW)]. Similarly, an increase in the proliferation of DMSCs extracted from dental pulp of adult teeth was reported after 810nm LLLI (7 irradiations in 7days, 0.1 and 0.2J/cm(2), 60mW) or 980nm LLLI (single irradiation, 3J/cm(2), 100mW). However, 660nm LLLI in one study did not increase the proliferation of DMSCs (single irradiation, energy densities of 0.05, 0.30, 7, and 42J/cm(2), 28mW). CONCLUSION There is limited evidence that in-vitro LLLI (660/810/980nm, with energy densities of 0.1-3J/cm(2)) increases the proliferation of DMSCs. Considering the limited evidence and their method heterogeneity it is difficult to reach a firm conclusion. Further research is necessary to identify the optimal characteristics of the LLLI setting (wave length, energy density, power output, frequency/duration of irradiations, distance between the cells and the laser spot/probe) to increase proliferation of DMSCs, and assess its impact on replicative senescence, as well as determine feasibility of the use in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Borzabadi-Farahani
- Orthodontics, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Univeristy of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, and Specialist Orthodontic Practice, London, United Kingdom.
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11
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Lagadari M, Zgajnar NR, Gallo LI, Galigniana MD. Hsp90-binding immunophilin FKBP51 forms complexes with hTERT enhancing telomerase activity. Mol Oncol 2016; 10:1086-98. [PMID: 27233944 PMCID: PMC5423183 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
FK506-binding proteins are members of the immunophilin family of proteins. Those immunophilins associated to the 90-kDa-heat-shock protein, Hsp90, have been proposed as potential modulators of signalling cascade factors chaperoned by Hsp90. FKBP51 and FKBP52 are the best characterized Hsp90-bound immunophilins first described associated to steroid-receptors. The reverse transcriptase subunit of telomerase, hTERT, is also an Hsp90 client-protein and is highly expressed in cancer cells, where it is required to compensate the loss of telomeric DNA after each successive cell division. Because FKBP51 is also a highly expressed protein in cancer tissues, we analyzed its potential association with hTERT·Hsp90 complexes and its possible biological role. In this study it is demonstrated that both immunophilins, FKBP51 and FKBP52, co-immunoprecipitate with hTERT. The Hsp90 inhibitor radicicol disrupts the heterocomplex and favors the partial cytoplasmic relocalization of hTERT in similar manner as the overexpression of the TPR-domain peptide of the immunophilin. While confocal microscopy images show that FKBP51 is primarily localized in mitochondria and hTERT is totally nuclear, upon the onset of oxidative stress, FKBP51 (but not FKBP52) becomes mostly nuclear colocalizing with hTERT, and longer exposure times to peroxide favors hTERT export to mitochondria. Importantly, telomerase activity of hTERT is significantly enhanced by FKBP51. These observations support the emerging role assigned to FKBP51 as antiapoptotic factor in cancer development and progression, and describe for the first time the potential role of this immunophilin favoring the clonal expansion by enhancing telomerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Lagadari
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Nadia R Zgajnar
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Luciana I Gallo
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (CONICET) & Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Mario D Galigniana
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina; Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina.
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12
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Wyles SP, Faustino RS, Li X, Terzic A, Nelson TJ. Systems-based technologies in profiling the stem cell molecular framework for cardioregenerative medicine. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 11:501-10. [PMID: 25218144 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9557-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, advancements in stem cell biology have yielded a variety of sources for stem cell-based cardiovascular investigation. Stem cell behavior, whether to maintain its stable state of pluripotency or to prime toward the cardiovascular lineage is governed by a set of coordinated interactions between epigenetic, transcriptional, and translational mechanisms. The science of incorporating genes (genomics), RNA (transcriptomics), proteins (proteomics), and metabolites (metabolomics) data in a specific biological sample is known as systems biology. Integrating systems biology in progression with stem cell biologics can contribute to our knowledge of mechanisms that underlie pluripotency maintenance and guarantee fidelity of cardiac lineage specification. This review provides a brief summarization of OMICS-based strategies including transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics used to understand stem cell fate and to outline molecular processes involved in heart development. Additionally, current efforts in cardioregeneration based on the "one-size-fits-all" principle limit the potential of individualized therapy in regenerative medicine. Here, we summarize recent studies that introduced systems biology into cardiovascular clinical outcomes analysis, allowing for predictive assessment for disease recurrence and patient-specific therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya P Wyles
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
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13
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Leferink AM, Chng YC, van Blitterswijk CA, Moroni L. Distribution and Viability of Fetal and Adult Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in a Biaxial Rotating Vessel Bioreactor after Seeding on Polymeric 3D Additive Manufactured Scaffolds. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2015; 3:169. [PMID: 26557644 PMCID: PMC4617101 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2015.00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the conventional approaches in tissue engineering is the use of scaffolds in combination with cells to obtain mechanically stable tissue constructs in vitro prior to implantation. Additive manufacturing by fused deposition modeling is a widely used technique to produce porous scaffolds with defined pore network, geometry, and therewith defined mechanical properties. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for tissue engineering-based cell therapies due to their multipotent character. One of the hurdles to overcome when combining additive manufactured scaffolds with MSCs is the resulting heterogeneous cell distribution and limited cell proliferation capacity. In this study, we show that the use of a biaxial rotating bioreactor, after static culture of human fetal MSCs (hfMSCs) seeded on synthetic polymeric scaffolds, improved the homogeneity of cell and extracellular matrix distribution and increased the total cell number. Furthermore, we show that the relative mRNA expression levels of indicators for stemness and differentiation are not significantly changed upon this bioreactor culture, whereas static culture shows variations of several indicators for stemness and differentiation. The biaxial rotating bioreactor presented here offers a homogeneous distribution of hfMSCs, enabling studies on MSCs fate in additive manufactured scaffolds without inducing undesired differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Leferink
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute, University of Twente , Enschede , Netherlands ; Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | | | - Clemens A van Blitterswijk
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute, University of Twente , Enschede , Netherlands ; Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute, University of Twente , Enschede , Netherlands ; Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University , Maastricht , Netherlands
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14
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Wong DY, Ranganath T, Kasko AM. Low-Dose, Long-Wave UV Light Does Not Affect Gene Expression of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139307. [PMID: 26418040 PMCID: PMC4587745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Light is a non-invasive tool that is widely used in a range of biomedical applications. Techniques such as photopolymerization, photodegradation, and photouncaging can be used to alter the chemical and physical properties of biomaterials in the presence of live cells. Long-wave UV light (315 nm–400 nm) is an easily accessible and commonly used energy source for triggering biomaterial changes. Although exposure to low doses of long-wave UV light is generally accepted as biocompatible, most studies employing this wavelength only establish cell viability, ignoring other possible (non-toxic) effects. Since light exposure of wavelengths longer than 315 nm may potentially induce changes in cell behavior, we examined changes in gene expression of human mesenchymal stem cells exposed to light under both 2D and 3D culture conditions, including two different hydrogel fabrication techniques, decoupling UV exposure and radical generation. While exposure to long-wave UV light did not induce significant changes in gene expression regardless of culture conditions, significant changes were observed due to scaffold fabrication chemistry and between cells plated in 2D versus encapsulated in 3D scaffolds. In order to facilitate others in searching for more specific changes between the many conditions, the full data set is available on Gene Expression Omnibus for querying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darice Y. Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Thanmayi Ranganath
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Andrea M. Kasko
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Valenti MT, Mori A, Malerba G, Dalle Carbonare L. Mesenchymal stem cells: A new diagnostic tool? World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:789-792. [PMID: 26131309 PMCID: PMC4478625 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i5.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are progenitor cells capable of self-renewal that can differentiate in multiple tissues and, under specific and standardized culture conditions, expand in vitro with little phenotypic alterations. In recent years, preclinical and clinical studies have focused on MSC analysis and understanding the potential use of these cells as a therapy in a wide range of pathologies, and many applications have been tested. Clinical trials using MSCs have been performed (e.g., for cardiac events, stroke, multiple sclerosis, blood diseases, auto-immune disorders, ischemia, and articular cartilage and bone pathologies), and for many genetic diseases, these cells are considered an important resource. Considering of the biology of MSCs, these cells may also be useful tools for understanding the physiopathology of different diseases, and they can be used to develop specific biomarkers for a broad range of diseases. In this editorial, we discuss the literature related to the use of MSCs for diagnostic applications and we suggest new technologies to improve their employment.
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16
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Jung J, Moon JW, Choi JH, Lee YW, Park SH, Kim GJ. Epigenetic Alterations of IL-6/STAT3 Signaling by Placental Stem Cells Promote Hepatic Regeneration in a Rat Model with CCl4-induced Liver Injury. Int J Stem Cells 2015; 8:79-89. [PMID: 26019757 PMCID: PMC4445712 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc.2015.8.1.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CP-MSCs) isolated from the placenta have been reported to demonstrate therapeutic effects in animal models of liver injury; however, the underlying epigenetic mechanism of this effect has not been elucidated. Thus, we investigated whether CP-MSCs influence epigenetic processes during regeneration of the injured liver. METHODS CP-MSCs were engrafted into a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-injured rat model through direct transplantation into the liver (DTX), intrasplenic transplantation (STX), and intravenous transplantation via the tail vein (TTX). Non-transplanted (NTX) rats were maintained as sham controls. Liver tissues were analyzed after transplantation using immunohistochemistry, western blot analysis, and quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. Proliferation and human interleukin-6 (hIL-6) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed using CCl4-treated hepatic cells that were co-cultured with CP-MSCs. RESULTS The Ki67 labeling index, cell cyclins, albumin, IL-6, and gp130 levels were elevated in the CP-MSC transplantation groups. The concentration of hIL-6 in supernatants and the proliferation of CCl4-treated rat hepatic cells were enhanced by co-culturing with CP-MSCs (p<0.05), while the methylation of IL-6/IL-6R and STAT3 by CP-MSC transplantation decreased. CONCLUSION These results suggest that administration of CP-MSCs promotes IL-6/STAT3 signaling by decreasing the methylation of the IL-6/SATA3 promoters and thus inducing the proliferation of hepatic cells in a CCl4-injured liver rat model. These data advance our understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms in injured livers, and can facilitate the development of cell-based therapies using placenta-derived stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea ; Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ji Wook Moon
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yong Woo Lee
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Hwa Park
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gi Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
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17
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Choudhery MS, Badowski M, Muise A, Harris DT. Effect of mild heat stress on the proliferative and differentiative ability of human mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:359-68. [PMID: 25536863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are an attractive candidate for autologous cell therapy, but regenerative potential can be compromised with extensive in vitro cell passaging. Development of viable cell therapies must address the effect of in vitro passaging to maintain overall functionality of expanded MSCs. METHODS We examined the effect of repeated mild heat shock on the proliferation and differentiation capability of human adipose-derived MSCs. Adipose tissue MSCs were characterized by means of fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis for expression of CD3, CD14, CD19, CD34, CD44, CD45, CD73, CD90 and CD105. Similarly, the expression of SIRT-1, p16(INK4a) and p21 was determined by means of polymerase chain reaction. Measurements of population doubling, doubling time and superoxide dismutase activity were also determined. Differentiation of expanded MSCs into bone and adipose were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. RESULTS The strategy led to an increase in expression of SIRT-1 concomitant with enhanced viability, proliferation and delayed senescence. The stressed MSCs showed better differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that mild heat shock could be used to maintain MSC proliferative and differentiation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood S Choudhery
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Advanced Research Center in Biomedical Sciences, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Michael Badowski
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Angela Muise
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - David T Harris
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
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18
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Leferink AM, Santos D, Karperien M, Truckenmüller RK, van Blitterswijk CA, Moroni L. Differentiation capacity and maintenance of differentiated phenotypes of human mesenchymal stromal cells cultured on two distinct types of 3D polymeric scaffolds. Integr Biol (Camb) 2015; 7:1574-86. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ib00177c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study shows that the classical validation of hMSC differentiation potential on 3D scaffolds might not be sufficient to ensure the maintenance of the cells functionality in the absence of differentiation inducing soluble factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Leferink
- Department of Tissue Regeneration and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine
- University of Twente
- Enschede
- The Netherlands
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration
| | - D. Santos
- Department of Tissue Regeneration and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine
- University of Twente
- Enschede
- The Netherlands
| | - M. Karperien
- Department of Developmental Bioengineering
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine
- University of Twente
- Enschede
- The Netherlands
| | - R. K. Truckenmüller
- Department of Tissue Regeneration and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine
- University of Twente
- Enschede
- The Netherlands
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration
| | - C. A. van Blitterswijk
- Department of Tissue Regeneration and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine
- University of Twente
- Enschede
- The Netherlands
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration
| | - L. Moroni
- Department of Tissue Regeneration and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine
- University of Twente
- Enschede
- The Netherlands
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration
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19
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Liu H, Murthi P, Qin S, Kusuma GD, Borg AJ, Knöfler M, Haslinger P, Manuelpillai U, Pertile MD, Abumaree M, Kalionis B. A novel combination of homeobox genes is expressed in mesenchymal chorionic stem/stromal cells in first trimester and term pregnancies. Reprod Sci 2014; 21:1382-94. [PMID: 24692208 DOI: 10.1177/1933719114526471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human chorionic mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (CMSCs) derived from the placenta are similar to adult tissue-derived MSCs. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of these cells in normal placental development. Transcription factors, particularly members of the homeobox gene family, play crucial roles in maintaining stem cell proliferation and lineage specification in embryonic tissues. In adult tissues and organs, stem cells proliferate at low levels in their niche until they receive cues from the microenvironment to differentiate. The homeobox genes that are expressed in the CMSC niche in placental tissues have not been identified. We used the novel strategy of laser capture microdissection to isolate the stromal component of first trimester villi and excluded the cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast layers that comprise the outer layer of the chorionic villi. Microarray analysis was then used to screen for homeobox genes in the microdissected tissue. Candidate homeobox genes were selected for further RNA analysis. Immunohistochemistry of candidate genes in first trimester placental villous stromal tissue revealed homeobox genes Meis1, myeloid ectropic viral integration site 1 homolog 2 (MEIS2), H2.0-like Drosophila (HLX), transforming growth factor β-induced factor (TGIF), and distal-less homeobox 5 (DLX5) were expressed in the vascular niche where CMSCs have been shown to reside. Expression of MEIS2, HLX, TGIF, and DLX5 was also detected in scattered stromal cells. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry verified expression of MEIS2, HLX, TGIF, and DLX5 homeobox genes in first trimester and term CMSCs. These data suggest a combination of regulatory homeobox genes is expressed in CMSCs from early placental development to term, which may be required for stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, QiLu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Padma Murthi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Department of Perinatal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sharon Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Department of Perinatal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gina D Kusuma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Department of Perinatal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony J Borg
- Department of Perinatal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin Knöfler
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal-Maternal Medicine, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Haslinger
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal-Maternal Medicine, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Manuelpillai
- Centre for Genetic Diseases, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria
| | - Mark D Pertile
- VCGS, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Childrens Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mohamed Abumaree
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences/ King Abdulla International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bill Kalionis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Department of Perinatal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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20
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Choudhery MS, Badowski M, Muise A, Pierce J, Harris DT. Donor age negatively impacts adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell expansion and differentiation. J Transl Med 2014; 12:8. [PMID: 24397850 PMCID: PMC3895760 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human adipose tissue is an ideal autologous source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for various regenerative medicine and tissue engineering strategies. Aged patients are one of the primary target populations for many promising applications. It has long been known that advanced age is negatively correlated with an organism's reparative and regenerative potential, but little and conflicting information is available about the effects of age on the quality of human adipose tissue derived MSCs (hAT-MSCs). METHODS To study the influence of age, the expansion and in vitro differentiation potential of hAT-MSCs from young (<30 years), adult (35-50 years) and aged (>60 years) individuals were investigated. MSCs were characterized for expression of the genes p16(INK4a) and p21 along with measurements of population doublings (PD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, cellular senescence and differentiation potential. RESULTS Aged MSCs displayed senescent features when compared with cells isolated from young donors, concomitant with reduced viability and proliferation. These features were also associated with significantly reduced differentiation potential in aged MSCs compared to young MSCs. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, advancing age negatively impacts stem cell function and such age related alterations may be detrimental for successful stem cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood S Choudhery
- Advanced Centre of Research in Biomedical Sciences, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, PO Box 245221, 85724, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Michael Badowski
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, PO Box 245221, 85724, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Angela Muise
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, PO Box 245221, 85724, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - John Pierce
- Aesthetic Surgery of Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - David T Harris
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, PO Box 245221, 85724, Tucson, AZ, USA
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21
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Lim MN, Hussin NH, Othman A, Umapathy T, Gurbind S, Baharuddin P, Jamal R, Zakaria Z. Comparative global gene expression profile of human limbal stromal cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells, adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and foreskin fibroblasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.7243/2054-717x-1-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Nguyen TM, Arthur A, Hayball JD, Gronthos S. EphB and Ephrin-B interactions mediate human mesenchymal stem cell suppression of activated T-cells. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:2751-64. [PMID: 23711177 PMCID: PMC3787464 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) express the contact-dependent erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptor tyrosine kinase family and their cognate ephrin ligands, which are known to regulate thymocyte maturation and selection, T-cell transendothelial migration, activation, co-stimulation, and proliferation. However, the contribution of Eph/ephrin molecules in mediating human MSC suppression of activated T-cells remains to be determined. In the present study, we showed that EphB2 and ephrin-B2 are expressed by ex vivo expanded MSC, while the corresponding ligands, ephrin-B1 and EphB4, respectively, are highly expressed by T-cells. Initial studies demonstrated that EphB2-Fc and ephrin-B2-Fc molecules suppressed T-cell proliferation in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assays compared with human IgG-treated controls. While the addition of a third-party MSC population demonstrated dramatic suppression of T-cell proliferation responses in the MLR, blocking the function of EphB2 or EphB4 receptors using inhibitor binding peptides significantly increased T-cell proliferation. Consistent with these observations, shRNA EphB2 or ephrin-B2 knockdown expression in MSC reduced their ability to inhibit T-cell proliferation. Importantly, the expression of immunosuppressive factors, indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase, transforming growth factor-β1, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expressed by MSC, was up-regulated after stimulation with EphB4 and ephrin-B1 in the presence of interferon (IFN)-γ, compared with untreated controls. Conversely, key factors involved in T-cell activation and proliferation, such as interleukin (IL)-2, IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-17, were down-regulated by T-cells treated with EphB2 or ephrin-B2 compared with untreated controls. Studies utilizing signaling inhibitors revealed that inhibition of T-cell proliferation is partly mediated through EphB2-induced ephrin-B1 reverse signaling or ephrin-B2-mediated EphB4 forward signaling by activating Src, PI3Kinase, Abl, and JNK kinase pathways, activated by tyrosine phosphorylation. Taken together, these observations suggest that EphB/ephrin-B interactions play an important role in mediating human MSC inhibition of activated T cells.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Proliferation
- Coculture Techniques
- Ephrin-B2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Ephrin-B2/genetics
- Ephrin-B2/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/genetics
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interferon-gamma/pharmacology
- Interleukin-17/genetics
- Interleukin-17/metabolism
- Interleukin-2/genetics
- Interleukin-2/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/drug effects
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/genetics
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Primary Cell Culture
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Receptor, EphB2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, EphB2/genetics
- Receptor, EphB2/metabolism
- Receptor, EphB4/genetics
- Receptor, EphB4/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao M. Nguyen
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences and Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Agnes Arthur
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - John D. Hayball
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences and Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Centre for Stem Cell Research and Robinson Institute, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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23
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Morad G, Kheiri L, Khojasteh A. Dental pulp stem cells for in vivo bone regeneration: a systematic review of literature. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:1818-27. [PMID: 24095289 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2013] [Revised: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review of literature was aimed to assess in vivo experiments which have evaluated the efficacy of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) for bone regeneration. DESIGN An electronic search of English-language papers was conducted on PubMed database. Studies that assessed the use of DPSCs in bone regeneration in vivo were included and experiments evaluating regeneration of hard tissues other than bone were excluded. The retrieved articles were thoroughly reviewed according to the source of stem cell, cell carrier, the in vivo experimental model, defect type, method of evaluating bone regeneration, and the obtained results. Further assessment of the results was conducted by classifying the studies based on the defect type. RESULTS Seventeen papers formed the basis of this systematic review. Sixteen out of 17 experiments were performed on animal models with mouse and rat being the most frequently used animal models. Seven out of 17 animal studies, contained subcutaneous pockets on back of the animal for stem cell implantation. In only one study hard tissue formation was not observed. Other types of defects used in the retrieved studies, included cranial defects and mandibular bone defects, in all of which bone formation was reported. CONCLUSION When applied in actual bone defects, DPSCs were capable of regenerating bone. Nevertheless, a precise conclusion regarding the efficiency of DPSCs for bone regeneration is yet to be made, considering the limited number of the in vivo experiments and the heterogeneity within their methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Morad
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Rezende TMB, Lima SMF, Petriz BA, Silva ON, Freire MS, Franco OL. Dentistry proteomics: From laboratory development to clinical practice. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:2271-84. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taia M. B. Rezende
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
- Curso de Odontologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Stella M. F. Lima
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
- Curso de Odontologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Bernardo A. Petriz
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Osmar N. Silva
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Mirna S. Freire
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Octávio L. Franco
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
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25
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Bertucci F, Bouvier-Labit C, Finetti P, Metellus P, Adelaide J, Mokhtari K, Figarella-Branger D, Decouvelaere AV, Miquel C, Coindre JM, Birnbaum D. Gene expression profiling of solitary fibrous tumors. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64497. [PMID: 23734203 PMCID: PMC3667191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare spindle-cell tumors. Their cell-of-origin and molecular basis are poorly known. They raise several clinical problems. Differential diagnosis may be difficult, prognosis is poorly apprehended by histoclinical features, and no effective therapy exists for advanced stages. Methods We profiled 16 SFT samples using whole-genome DNA microarrays and analyzed their expression profiles with publicly available profiles of 36 additional SFTs and 212 soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). Immunohistochemistry was applied to validate the expression of some discriminating genes. Results SFTs displayed whole-genome expression profiles more homogeneous and different from STSs, but closer to genetically-simple than genetically-complex STSs. The SFTs/STSs comparison identified a high percentage (∼30%) of genes as differentially expressed, most of them without any DNA copy number alteration. One of the genes most overexpressed in SFTs encoded the ALDH1 stem cell marker. Several upregulated genes and associated ontologies were also related to progenitor/stem cells. SFTs also overexpressed genes encoding therapeutic targets such as kinases (EGFR, ERBB2, FGFR1, JAK2), histone deacetylases, or retinoic acid receptors. Their overexpression was found in all SFTs, regardless the anatomical location. Finally, we identified a 31-gene signature associated with the mitotic count, containing many genes related to cell cycle/mitosis, including AURKA. Conclusion We established a robust repertoire of genes differentially expressed in SFTs. Certain overexpressed genes could provide new diagnostic (ALDH1A1), prognostic (AURKA) and/or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Bertucci
- Département d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Institut Paoli-Calmettes (IPC), UMR1068 Inserm; Marseille, France
- Département d'Oncologie Médicale, IPC, CRCM, UMR1068 Inserm, Marseille, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Corinne Bouvier-Labit
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Département d’Anatomopathologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Finetti
- Département d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Institut Paoli-Calmettes (IPC), UMR1068 Inserm; Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Metellus
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Département de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - José Adelaide
- Département d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Institut Paoli-Calmettes (IPC), UMR1068 Inserm; Marseille, France
| | - Karima Mokhtari
- Département de Neuropathologie, Hôpital Pitié Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Figarella-Branger
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Département d’Anatomopathologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | | | - Catherine Miquel
- Département de Neuropathologie, Hôpital Sainte Anne, Paris, France
| | | | - Daniel Birnbaum
- Département d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Institut Paoli-Calmettes (IPC), UMR1068 Inserm; Marseille, France
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26
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Picchi J, Trombi L, Spugnesi L, Barachini S, Maroni G, Brodano GB, Boriani S, Valtieri M, Petrini M, Magli MC. HOX and TALE signatures specify human stromal stem cell populations from different sources. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:879-89. [PMID: 23018864 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Human stromal stem cell populations reside in different tissues and anatomical sites, however a critical question related to their efficient use in regenerative medicine is whether they exhibit equivalent biological properties. Here, we compared cellular and molecular characteristics of stromal stem cells derived from the bone marrow, at different body sites (iliac crest, sternum, and vertebrae) and other tissues (dental pulp and colon). In particular, we investigated whether homeobox genes of the HOX and TALE subfamilies might provide suitable markers to identify distinct stromal cell populations, as HOX proteins control cell positional identity and, together with their co-factors TALE, are involved in orchestrating differentiation of adult tissues. Our results show that stromal populations from different sources, although immunophenotypically similar, display distinct HOX and TALE signatures, as well as different growth and differentiation abilities. Stromal stem cells from different tissues are characterized by specific HOX profiles, differing in the number and type of active genes, as well as in their level of expression. Conversely, bone marrow-derived cell populations can be essentially distinguished for the expression levels of specific HOX members, strongly suggesting that quantitative differences in HOX activity may be crucial. Taken together, our data indicate that the HOX and TALE profiles provide positional, embryological and hierarchical identity of human stromal stem cells. Furthermore, our data suggest that cell populations derived from different body sites may not represent equivalent cell sources for cell-based therapeutical strategies for regeneration and repair of specific tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Picchi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
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27
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Hong SH, Maghen L, Kenigsberg S, Teichert AM, Rammeloo AW, Shlush E, Szaraz P, Pereira S, Lulat A, Xiao R, Yie SM, Gauthier-Fisher A, Librach CL. Ontogeny of human umbilical cord perivascular cells: molecular and fate potential changes during gestation. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:2425-39. [PMID: 23557155 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord-derived perivascular cells (PVCs) are a recently characterized source of mesenchymal stromal cells that has gained much interest in the field of cellular therapeutics. However, very little is known about the changes in fate potential and restrictions that these cells undergo during gestational development. This study is the first to examine the phenotypic, molecular, and functional properties of first trimester (FTM)-derived PVCs, outlining properties that are unique to this population when compared to term (TERM) counterparts. FTM- and TERM-PVCs displayed analogous mesenchymal, perivascular, and immunological immunophenotypes. Both PVCs could be maintained in culture without alteration to these phenotypes or mesenchymal lineage differentiation potential. Some unique features of FTM-PVCs were uncovered in this study: (1) while the gene signatures of FTM- and TERM-PVCs were similar, key differences were observed, namely, that the Oct4A and Sox17 proteins were detected in FTM-PVCs, but not in TERM counterparts; (2) FTM-PVCs exhibited a greater proliferative potential; and (3) FTM-PVCs were more efficient in their in vitro differentiation toward selective mesenchymal cell types, including the chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages, as well as toward neuronal- and hepatocyte-like lineages, when compared to TERM-PVCs. Both PVCs were able to generate osteocytes and cardiomyocyte-like cells with similar efficiencies in vitro. Overall, FTM-PVCs show more plasticity than TERM-PVCs with regard to fate acquisition, suggesting that a restriction in multipotentiality is imposed on PVCs as gestation progresses. Taken together, our findings support the idea that PVCs from earlier in gestation may be better than later sources of multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) for some regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Ho Hong
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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28
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Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer; there is no cure in advanced stages. Identifying molecular participants in melanoma progression may provide useful diagnostic and therapeutic tools. FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51), an immunophilin with a relevant role in developmental stages, is highly expressed in melanoma and correlates with aggressiveness and therapy resistance. We hypothesized a role for FKBP51 in melanoma invasive behaviour. FKBP51 promoted activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes and improved melanoma cell migration and invasion. In addition, FKBP51 induced some melanoma stem cell (MCSC) genes. Purified MCSCs expressed high EMT genes levels, suggesting that genetic programs of EMT and MCSCs overlap. Immunohistochemistry of samples from patients showed intense FKBP51 nuclear signal and cytoplasmic positivity for the stem cell marker nestin in extravasating melanoma cells and metastatic brains. In addition, FKBP51 targeting by small interfering RNA (siRNA) prevented the massive metastatic substitution of liver and lung in a mouse model of experimental metastasis. The present study provides evidence that the genetic programs of cancer stemness and invasiveness overlap in melanoma, and that FKBP51 plays a pivotal role in sustaining such a program.
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Shinojima N, Hossain A, Takezaki T, Fueyo J, Gumin J, Gao F, Nwajei F, Marini FC, Andreeff M, Kuratsu JI, Lang FF. TGF-β mediates homing of bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells to glioma stem cells. Cancer Res 2013; 73:2333-44. [PMID: 23365134 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-3086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although studies have suggested that bone marrow human mesenchymal stem cells (BM-hMSC) may be used as delivery vehicles for cancer therapy, it remains unclear whether BM-hMSCs are capable of targeting cancer stem cells, including glioma stem cells (GSC), which are the tumor-initiating cells responsible for treatment failures. Using standard glioma models, we identify TGF-β as a tumor factor that attracts BM-hMSCs via TGF-β receptors (TGFβR) on BM-hMSCs. Using human and rat GSCs, we then show for the first time that intravascularly administered BM-hMSCs home to GSC-xenografts that express TGF-β. In therapeutic studies, we show that BM-hMSCs carrying the oncolytic adenovirus Delta-24-RGD prolonged the survival of TGF-β-secreting GSC xenografts and that the efficacy of this strategy can be abrogated by inhibition of TGFβR on BM-hMSCs. These findings reveal the TGF-β/TGFβR axis as a mediator of the tropism of BM-hMSCs for GSCs and suggest that TGF-β predicts patients in whom BM-hMSC delivery will be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Shinojima
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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31
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Chao KC, Yang HT, Chen MW. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells suppress breast cancer tumourigenesis through direct cell-cell contact and internalization. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:1803-15. [PMID: 21973190 PMCID: PMC3822693 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01459.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate how human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) affect breast cancer tumourigenesis. To observe the influence of HUMSCs on tumourigenesis in vitro, we performed a co-culture of MDA MB-231 breast cancer cells with HUMSCs, and a result of HUMSCs on tumourigenesis in vivo was achieved by injection of HUMSCs into nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice following tumour establishment with MDA-MB231. During the co-culture, apoptosis of MDA-MB231 was noted, which was driven either by binding with HUMSC through direct cell–cell contact or by formation of a novel cell-in-cell phenomenon after internalization of HUMSC. Also, treatment with HUMSC injection was efficacious in both in situ and metastatic breast cancers in the animal models. Since HUMSCs were proved to efficaciously suppress breast cancer tumourigenesis both in vitro and in vivo, it is our expectation that treatment with HUMSCs can be a viable therapy for breast cancer in the near future. In addition, we share a new point of view on the role of HUMSCs in foetal development during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Ching Chao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Romano S, Sorrentino A, Di Pace AL, Nappo G, Mercogliano C, Romano MF. The emerging role of large immunophilin FK506 binding protein 51 in cancer. Curr Med Chem 2012; 18:5424-9. [PMID: 22087835 PMCID: PMC3613799 DOI: 10.2174/092986711798194333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51) is an immunophilin physiologically expressed in lymphocytes. Very recently, aberrant expression of this protein was found in melanoma; FKBP51 expression correlates with melanoma aggressiveness and is maximal in metastatic lesions. FKBP51 promotes NF-κB activation and is involved in the resistance to genotoxic agents, including anthracyclines and ionizing radiation. FKBP51 is a cochaperone with peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity that regulates several biological processes through protein-protein interaction. There is increasing evidence that FKBP51 hyperexpression is associated with cancer and this protein has a relevant role in sustaining cell growth, malignancy, and resistance to therapy. There is also evidence that FKBP ligands are potent anticancer agents, in addition to their immunosuppressant activity. In particular, rapamycin and its analogs have shown antitumor activity across a variety of human cancers in clinical trials. Although, classically, rapamycin actions are ascribed to inhibition of mTOR, recent studies indicate FKBP51 is also an important molecular determinant of the drug's anticancer activity. The aim of this article is to review the functions of FKBP51, especially in view of the recent findings that this protein is a potential oncogene when deregulated and a candidate target for signaling therapies against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Romano
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II". Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Sági B, Maraghechi P, Urbán VS, Hegyi B, Szigeti A, Fajka-Boja R, Kudlik G, Német K, Monostori É, Gócza E, Uher F. Positional Identity of Murine Mesenchymal Stem Cells Resident in Different Organs Is Determined in the Postsegmentation Mesoderm. Stem Cells Dev 2012; 21:814-28. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bernadett Sági
- National Blood Service, Stem Cell Biology Unit, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Veronika S. Urbán
- National Blood Service, Stem Cell Biology Unit, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Hegyi
- National Blood Service, Stem Cell Biology Unit, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Szigeti
- National Blood Service, Laboratory of Experimental Gene Therapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Roberta Fajka-Boja
- Lymphocyte Signal Transduction Laboratory, Biological Research Center of Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gyöngyi Kudlik
- National Blood Service, Stem Cell Biology Unit, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Német
- National Blood Service, Laboratory of Experimental Gene Therapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Monostori
- Lymphocyte Signal Transduction Laboratory, Biological Research Center of Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Elen Gócza
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Uher
- National Blood Service, Stem Cell Biology Unit, Budapest, Hungary
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De La Garza-Rodea AS, Van Der Velde-Van Dijke I, Boersma H, Gonçalves MAFV, Van Bekkum DW, De Vries AAF, Knaän-Shanzer S. Myogenic Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Three Different Sources. Cell Transplant 2012; 21:153-73. [DOI: 10.3727/096368911x580554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of mammals have been isolated from many tissues and are characterized by their aptitude to differentiate into bone, cartilage, and fat. Differentiation into cells of other lineages like skeletal muscle, tendon/ligament, nervous tissue, and epithelium has been attained with MSCs derived from some tissues. Whether such abilities are shared by MSCs of all tissues is unknown. We therefore compared for three human donors the myogenic properties of MSCs from adipose tissue (AT), bone marrow (BM), and synovial membrane (SM). Our data show that human MSCs derived from the three tissues differ in phenotype, proliferation capacity, and differentiation potential. The division rate of AT-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs) was distinctly higher than that of MSCs from the other two tissue sources. In addition, clear donor-specific differences in the long-term maintenance of MSC proliferation ability were observed. Although similar in their in vitro fusogenic capacity with murine myoblasts, MSCs of the three sources contributed to a different extent to skeletal muscle regeneration in vivo. Transplanting human AT-, BM-, or SM-MSCs previously transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding β-galactosidase into cardiotoxin-damaged tibialis anterior muscles (TAMs) of immunodeficient mice revealed that at 30 days after treatment the frequency of hybrid myofibers was highest in the TAMs treated with AT-MSCs. Our finding of human-specific β-spectrin and dystrophin in hybrid myofibers containing human nuclei argues for myogenic programming of MSCs in regenerating murine skeletal muscle. For the further development of MSC-based treatments of myopathies, AT-MSCs appear to be the best choice in view of their efficient contribution to myoregeneration, their high ex vivo expansion potential, and because their harvesting is less demanding than that of BM- or SM-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hester Boersma
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Dirk W. Van Bekkum
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Antoine A. F. De Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Shoshan Knaän-Shanzer
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Chow KS, Jun D, Helm KM, Wagner DH, Majka SM. Isolation & characterization of Hoechst(low) CD45(negative) mouse lung mesenchymal stem cells. J Vis Exp 2011:e3159. [PMID: 22064472 PMCID: PMC3227187 DOI: 10.3791/3159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are important regulators of tissue repair or regeneration, fibrosis, inflammation, angiogenesis and tumor formation. Taken together these studies suggest that resident lung MSC play a role during pulmonary tissue homeostasis, injury and repair during diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and arterial hypertension (PAH). Here we describe a technology to define a population of resident lung MSC. The definition of this population in vivo pulmonary tissue using a define set of markers facilitates the repeated isolation of a well-characterized stem cell population by flow cytometry and the study of a specific cell type and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey S Chow
- Charles C. Gates Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology Program, University of Colorado Denver, USA
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36
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SOX2 has a crucial role in the lineage determination and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells through Dickkopf-1 and c-MYC. Cell Death Differ 2011; 19:534-45. [PMID: 22015605 PMCID: PMC3278737 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2011.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
SOX2 is a well-known core transcription factor in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and has an important role in the maintenance of pluripotency. Recently, SOX2 expression has also been reported in adult stem cells (ASCs), but the role of SOX2 in ASCs remains unknown. In this study, we examined the molecular mechanisms of SOX2 in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), a type of ASCs, by performing inhibition studies. SOX2 inhibition resulted in altered cell growth and differentiation capabilities. These changes coincided with a decrease in Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), a soluble inhibitor of WNT signaling. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays showed that SOX2 binds to DKK1 and has a positive regulatory role in transcription. The enforced expression of DKK1 in SOX2-inhibited hMSCs reversed the differentiation deformities, but could not abrogate the cell proliferation defect. Proliferation was regulated by c-MYC, whose expression can also be controlled by SOX2. Our study shows that SOX2 directly regulates DKK1 expression and, as a consequence, determines the differentiation lineage of hMSCs. Moreover, SOX2 also regulates proliferation by affecting c-MYC. Therefore, these results suggest that SOX2 might have a specific function by regulating DKK1 and c-MYC in the differentiation and growth of ASCs, which is separate from its roles in ESCs.
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Comprehensive transcriptome and immunophenotype analysis of renal and cardiac MSC-like populations supports strong congruence with bone marrow MSC despite maintenance of distinct identities. Stem Cell Res 2011; 8:58-73. [PMID: 22099021 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells resembling bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been isolated from many organs but their functional relationships have not been thoroughly examined. Here we compared the immunophenotype, gene expression, multipotency and immunosuppressive potential of MSC-like colony-forming cells from adult murine bone marrow (bmMSC), kidney (kCFU-F) and heart (cCFU-F), cultured under uniform conditions. All populations showed classic MSC morphology and in vitro mesodermal multipotency. Of the two solid organ-specific CFU-F, only kCFU-F displayed suppression of T-cell alloreactivity in vitro, albeit to a lesser extent than bmMSC. Quantitative immunophenotyping using 81 phycoerythrin-conjugated CD antibodies demonstrated that all populations contained high percentages of cells expressing diagnostic MSC surface markers (Sca1, CD90.2, CD29, CD44), as well as others noted previously on murine MSC (CD24, CD49e, CD51, CD80, CD81, CD105). Illumina microarray expression profiling and bioinformatic analysis indicated a correlation of gene expression of 0.88-0.92 between pairwise comparisons. All populations expressed approximately 66% of genes in the pluripotency network (Plurinet), presumably reflecting their stem-like character. Furthermore, all populations expressed genes involved in immunomodulation, homing and tissue repair, suggesting these as conserved functions for MSC-like cells in solid organs. Despite this molecular congruence, strong biases in gene and protein expression and pathway activity were seen, suggesting organ-specific functions. Hence, tissue-derived MSC may also retain unique properties potentially rendering them more appropriate as cellular therapeutic agents for their organ of origin.
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Curran J, Pu F, Chen R, Hunt J. The use of dynamic surface chemistries to control msc isolation and function. Biomaterials 2011; 32:4753-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Hung CN, Mar K, Chang HC, Chiang YL, Hu HY, Lai CC, Chu RM, Ma CM. A comparison between adipose tissue and dental pulp as sources of MSCs for tooth regeneration. Biomaterials 2011; 32:6995-7005. [PMID: 21696818 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, several in vivo and in vitro comparisons were performed to test the possibility of using adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), a more convenient cell source than dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), in tooth regeneration. Using an efficient, non-engineering implantation method, we first demonstrated that both implants of ADSCs and DPSCs were able to grow self-assembled new teeth in adult rabbit extraction sockets with high success rate. The stem cells were necessary because the implants grew no tooth without them. A stepwise comparison showed that the regenerated teeth from these two types of adult stem cells were living with nerves and vascular system and remarkably similar to a normal tooth in many details. Further strictly controlled, side-by-side comparisons between the two types of stem cells also showed that the expression patterns of gene markers and the broad differentiation potentials induced by specific methods in vitro were very similar. Although a few differences were found, they did not affect the tested tooth regeneration in vivo or differentiation in vitro. Furthermore, rabbit ADSCs had a higher growth rate and a better senescence resistance in culture. All these findings suggest that ADSCs, one of the richest adult stem cells in mammals, are very similar and useful as DPSCs for regenerative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Nung Hung
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
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40
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Cenni E, Perut F, Baglìo SR, Fiorentini E, Baldini N. Recent highlights on bone stem cells: a report from Bone Stem Cells 2009, and not only…. J Cell Mol Med 2011; 14:2614-21. [PMID: 20874718 PMCID: PMC4373490 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01175.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of stem cells has opened new prospects for the treatment of orthopaedic conditions characterized by large bone defects. However, many issues still exist to which answers are needed before routine, large-scale application becomes possible. Bone marrow stromal cells (MSC), which are clonogenic, multipotential precursors present in the bone marrow stroma, are generally employed for bone regeneration. Stem cells with multilineage differentiation similar to MSC have also been demonstrated in adipose tissue, peripheral blood, umbilical cord and amniotic fluid. Each source presents its own advantages and drawbacks. Unfortunately, no unique surface antigen is expressed by MSC, and this hampers simple MSC enrichment from heterogeneous populations. MSC are identified through a combination of physical, morphological and functional assays. Different in vitro and in vivo models have been described for the research on bone stem cells. These models should predict the in vivo bone healing capacity of MSC and if the induced osteogenesis is similar to the physiological one. Although stem cells offer an exciting possibility of a renewable source of cells and tissues for replacement, orthopaedic applications often represent case reports whereas controlled randomized trials are still lacking. Further biological aspects of bone stem cells should be elucidated and a general consensus on the best models, protocols and proper use of scaffolds and growth factors should be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Cenni
- Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia Ortopedica e Medicina Rigenerativa, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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Gharib SA, Khalyfa A, Kucia MJ, Dayyat EA, Kim J, Clair HB, Gozal D. Transcriptional landscape of bone marrow-derived very small embryonic-like stem cells during hypoxia. Respir Res 2011; 12:63. [PMID: 21569252 PMCID: PMC3098802 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-12-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia is a ubiquitous feature of many lung diseases and elicits cell-specific responses. While the effects of hypoxia on stem cells have been examined under in vitro conditions, the consequences of in vivo oxygen deprivation have not been studied. Methods We investigated the effects of in vivo hypoxia on a recently characterized population of pluripotent stem cells known as very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) by whole-genome expression profiling and measuring peripheral blood stem cell chemokine levels. Results We found that exposure to hypoxia in mice mobilized VSELs from the bone marrow to peripheral blood, and induced a distinct genome-wide transcriptional signature. Applying a computationally-intensive methodology, we identified a hypoxia-induced gene interaction network that was functionally enriched in a diverse array of programs including organ-specific development, stress response, and wound repair. Topographic analysis of the network highlighted a number of densely connected hubs that may represent key controllers of stem cell response during hypoxia and, therefore, serve as putative targets for altering the pathophysiologic consequences of hypoxic burden. Conclusions A brief exposure to hypoxia recruits pluripotent stem cells to the peripheral circulation and actives diverse transcriptional programs that are orchestrated by a selective number of key genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina A Gharib
- Center for Lung Biology and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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42
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Majka S, Burnham E, Stenmark KR. Cell-based therapies in pulmonary hypertension: who, what, and when? Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 301:L9-L11. [PMID: 21515661 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00118.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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43
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Jun D, Garat C, West J, Thorn N, Chow K, Cleaver T, Sullivan T, Torchia EC, Childs C, Shade T, Tadjali M, Lara A, Nozik-Grayck E, Malkoski S, Sorrentino B, Meyrick B, Klemm D, Rojas M, Wagner DH, Majka SM. The pathology of bleomycin-induced fibrosis is associated with loss of resident lung mesenchymal stem cells that regulate effector T-cell proliferation. Stem Cells 2011; 29:725-35. [PMID: 21312316 PMCID: PMC3322548 DOI: 10.1002/stem.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important regulators of tissue repair or regeneration, fibrosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor formation. Here, we define a population of resident lung MSCs (luMSCs) that function to regulate the severity of bleomycin injury via modulation of the T-cell response. Bleomycin-induced loss of these endogenous luMSCs and elicited fibrosis (pulmonary fibrosis), inflammation, and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Replacement of resident stem cells by administration of isolated luMSCs attenuated the bleomycin-associated pathology and mitigated the development of PAH. In addition, luMSC modulated a decrease in numbers of lymphocytes and granulocytes in bronchoalveolar fluid and demonstrated an inhibition of effector T-cell proliferation in vitro. Global gene expression analysis indicated that the luMSCs are a unique stromal population differing from lung fibroblasts in terms of proinflammatory mediators and profibrotic pathways. Our results demonstrate that luMSCs function to protect lung integrity after injury; however, when endogenous MSCs are lost, this function is compromised illustrating the importance of this novel population during lung injury. The definition of this population in vivo in both murine and human pulmonary tissue facilitates the development of a therapeutic strategy directed at the rescue of endogenous cells to facilitate lung repair during injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Jun
- Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology Program, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
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Lodi D, Iannitti T, Palmieri B. Stem cells in clinical practice: applications and warnings. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2011; 30:9. [PMID: 21241480 PMCID: PMC3033847 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-30-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are a relevant source of information about cellular differentiation, molecular processes and tissue homeostasis, but also one of the most putative biological tools to treat degenerative diseases. This review focuses on human stem cells clinical and experimental applications. Our aim is to take a correct view of the available stem cell subtypes and their rational use in the medical area, with a specific focus on their therapeutic benefits and side effects. We have reviewed the main clinical trials dividing them basing on their clinical applications, and taking into account the ethical issue associated with the stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Lodi
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Medical School, Modena, Italy
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Sørensen AL, Timoskainen S, West FD, Vekterud K, Boquest AC, Ahrlund-Richter L, Stice SL, Collas P. Lineage-specific promoter DNA methylation patterns segregate adult progenitor cell types. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 19:1257-66. [PMID: 19886822 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2009.0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into multiple mesodermal cell types in vitro; however, their differentiation capacity is influenced by their tissue of origin. To what extent epigenetic information on promoters of lineage-specification genes in human progenitors influences transcriptional activation and differentiation potential remains unclear. We produced bisulfite sequencing maps of DNA methylation in adipogenic, myogenic, and endothelial promoters in relation to gene expression and differentiation capacity, and unravel a similarity in DNA methylation profiles between MSCs isolated from human adipose tissue, bone marrow (BM), and muscle. This similarity is irrespective of promoter CpG content. Methylation patterns of MSCs are distinct from those of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), and multipotent hESC-derived mesenchymal cells (MCs). Moreover, in vitro MSC differentiation does not affect lineage-specific promoter methylation states, arguing that these methylation patterns in differentiated cells are already established at the progenitor stage. Further, we find a correlation between lineage-specific promoter hypermethylation and lack of differentiation capacity toward that lineage, but no relationship between weak promoter methylation and capacity of transcriptional activation or differentiation. Thus, only part of the restriction in differentiation capacity of tissue-specific stem cells is programmed by promoter DNA methylation: hypermethylation seems to constitute a barrier to differentiation, however, no or weak methylation has no predictive value for differentiation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita L Sørensen
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo and Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo, Norway
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Mosna F, Sensebé L, Krampera M. Human Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A User's Guide. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 19:1449-70. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Mosna
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Policlinico “G.B. Rossi”—University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luc Sensebé
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS), Centre-Atlantique and EA3855 University François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Policlinico “G.B. Rossi”—University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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47
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BOURZAC C, SMITH LC, VINCENT P, BEAUCHAMP G, LAVOIE JP, LAVERTY S. Isolation of equine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a comparison between three protocols. Equine Vet J 2010; 42:519-27. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00098.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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48
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Kumar R, Sharma A, Pattnaik AK, Varadwaj PK. Stem cells: An overview with respect to cardiovascular and renal disease. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2010; 1:43-52. [PMID: 22096336 PMCID: PMC3217290 DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.71674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a tremendous increase in the understanding of stem cell biology. Stem cells have clonogenic and self-renewing capabilities, and under certain conditions, can differentiate into multiple lineages of mature cells. Recent studies have shown that adult stem cells can be isolated from a wide variety of tissues, including bone marrow, peripheral blood, muscle, and adipose tissue. The potential clinical applications lead to an extended interest in the use of stem cells in many medical disciplines. In this article, we present an overview of stem cells with special reference to cardiovascular and renal diseases treatments by stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajnish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract
Ectomesenchymal dental stem cells could be feasible tools for dental tissue engineering. Dental follicle cells are a promising example, since they are capable of differentiation into various dental tissue cells, such as osteoblasts or cementoblasts. However, cellular mechanisms of cell proliferation and differentiation are not understood in detail. Basic knowledge of these molecular processes may shorten the time before ectomesenchymal dental stem cells can be exploited for bone augmentation in regenerative medicine. Recent developments in proteomics and transcriptomics have made information about genome-wide expression profiles accessible, which can aid in clarifying molecular mechanisms of cells. This review describes the transcriptomes and proteomes of dental follicle cells before and after differentiation, and compares them with differentially expressed populations from dental tissue or bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Morsczeck
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - G. Schmalz
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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50
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Bergfeld SA, DeClerck YA. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2010; 29:249-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s10555-010-9222-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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