1
|
Do Q, Zhang R, Hooper G, Xu L. Differential Contributions of Distinct Free Radical Peroxidation Mechanisms to the Induction of Ferroptosis. JACS AU 2023; 3:1100-1117. [PMID: 37124288 PMCID: PMC10131203 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Lipid peroxidation can propagate through either the hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) or peroxyl radical addition (PRA) mechanism. However, the contribution of the PRA mechanism to the induction of ferroptosis has not been studied. In this study, we aim to elucidate the relationship between the reactivity and mechanisms of lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis induction. We found that while some peroxidation-reactive lipids, such as 7-dehydrocholesterol, vitamins D3 and A, and coenzyme Q10, suppress ferroptosis, both nonconjugated and conjugated PUFAs enhanced cell death induced by RSL3, a ferroptosis inducer. Importantly, we found that conjugated PUFAs, including conjugated linolenic acid (CLA 18:3) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA 18:2), can induce or potentiate ferroptosis much more potently than nonconjugated PUFAs. We next sought to elucidate the mechanism underlying the different ferroptosis-inducing potency of conjugated and nonconjugated PUFAs. Lipidomics revealed that conjugated and nonconjugated PUFAs are incorporated into distinct cellular lipid species. The different peroxidation mechanisms predict the formation of higher levels of reactive electrophilic aldehydes from conjugated PUFAs than nonconjugated PUFAs, which was confirmed by aldehyde-trapping and mass spectrometry. RNA sequencing revealed that protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and proteasome are among the most significantly upregulated pathways in cells treated with CLA 18:3, suggesting increased ER stress and activation of unfolded protein response. These results suggest that protein damage by lipid electrophiles is a key step in ferroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quynh Do
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Rutan Zhang
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Gavin Hooper
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Libin Xu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Targeted quantitation of furan fatty acids in edible oils by gas chromatography/triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (GC-TQ/MS). Food Chem 2023; 404:134521. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
3
|
Romanotto A, Langner J, Sander M, Müller F, Vetter W. Furan fatty acid concentrations in tea infusions prepared from green, black, and herbal teas. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Romanotto
- Department Macromulecules and Natural material PiCA Prüfinstitut Chemische Analytik GmbH Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Jeanette Langner
- Department Macromulecules and Natural material PiCA Prüfinstitut Chemische Analytik GmbH Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Martin Sander
- Department Macromulecules and Natural material PiCA Prüfinstitut Chemische Analytik GmbH Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Franziska Müller
- Institute of Food Chemistry (170b) University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany
| | - Walter Vetter
- Institute of Food Chemistry (170b) University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Baxter AM, Jordan LR, Kullappan M, Wittenberg NJ. Tubulation of Supported Lipid Bilayer Membranes Induced by Photosensitized Lipid Oxidation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:5753-5762. [PMID: 33939441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We show that photosensitized phospholipid oxidation, initiated by the lipid-conjugated fluorophore TopFluor-PC, causes defects, namely, membrane tubes and vesicle-like structures, in supported lipid bilayers (SLBs). Lipid oxidation is detrimental to the integrity of the lipid molecules; when oxidized, they undergo a conformational expansion, which causes membrane tubes to protrude from the SLB. Lipid oxidation is verified by FT-IR spectroscopy, and area expansion is observed in Langmuir trough experiments. Upon growing to a critical length, the membrane tubes arising from SLBs rapidly undergo transition to vesicle-like structures. We find a correlation between the maximum tube length and the diameter of the resulting vesicle, suggesting the conservation of the surface area between these features. We use geometric modeling and the measured tube length and vesicle radius to calculate the tube radius; our calculated mean tube diameter of 243 nm is comparable to other groups' experimental findings. In the presence of fluid flow, membrane tubes can be extended to tens to hundreds of microns in length. SLBs composed of saturated lipids resist light-induced tubulation, and the inclusion of the lipophilic antioxidant α-tocopherol attenuates the tubulation process and increases the light intensity threshold for tubulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Baxter
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Luke R Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Monicka Kullappan
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Nathan J Wittenberg
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alvarado K, Durand E, Vaysse L, Liengprayoon S, Gaillet S, Coudray C, Casas F, Feillet-Coudray C. Effets bénéfiques potentiels des acides gras furaniques, des lipides alimentaires bioactifs. CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIÉTÉTIQUE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cnd.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
6
|
Ruan Y, Jiang S, Gericke A. Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Role of Oxidative Stress and Blood Vessels. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031296. [PMID: 33525498 PMCID: PMC7866075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common irreversible ocular disease characterized by vision impairment among older people. Many risk factors are related to AMD and interact with each other in its pathogenesis. Notably, oxidative stress and choroidal vascular dysfunction were suggested to be critically involved in AMD pathogenesis. In this review, we give an overview on the factors contributing to the pathophysiology of this multifactorial disease and discuss the role of reactive oxygen species and vascular function in more detail. Moreover, we give an overview on therapeutic strategies for patients suffering from AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ruan
- Correspondence: (Y.R.); (A.G.); Tel.: +49-6131-178-276 (Y.R. & A.G.)
| | | | - Adrian Gericke
- Correspondence: (Y.R.); (A.G.); Tel.: +49-6131-178-276 (Y.R. & A.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Pritchard GJ, Kimber MC. A General Convergent Strategy for the Synthesis of Tetra-Substituted Furan Fatty Acids (FuFAs). European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Wang
- School of Science; Department of Chemistry; Loughborough University; LE11 3TU Leicestershire UK
| | - Gareth J. Pritchard
- School of Science; Department of Chemistry; Loughborough University; LE11 3TU Leicestershire UK
| | - Marc C. Kimber
- School of Science; Department of Chemistry; Loughborough University; LE11 3TU Leicestershire UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ambreen G, Siddiq A, Hussain K. Association of long-term consumption of repeatedly heated mix vegetable oils in different doses and hepatic toxicity through fat accumulation. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:69. [PMID: 32284066 PMCID: PMC7155260 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic diseases are one of the chief reasons for worldwide morbidity and mortality. The increased incidence in Asian countries is driving researchers to explore preventive ways from nature. It is more practical to go with healthy routine edibles like vegetable oils to avoid environmental and chemical hepatic injuries. With the use of thermally oxidized oils overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with overwhelmed cellular antioxidants defense system results in oxidative stress, the known cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Little is investigated about the effect of daily used oxidized cooking oils on hepatic function changes with oxidative stress especially in the animal model that mimics the human situation. METHODS In this study, healthy adult male rabbits of local strain were divided into 4 groups (n = 12). First, two sets of rabbits were treated with 1 and 2 ml/kg/day of repeatedly heated mix vegetable oils (RHMVO) respectively. The third set of rabbits was given 1 ml/kg/day of single time heated mix vegetable oils (STHMVO) and the fourth set of rabbits served as controls and fed with normal rabbit diet to for 16 weeks. Serum liver function markers including total-protein, albumin, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) along with the activity of hepatic antioxidant-enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) for lipid peroxidation were compared among different groups of rabbits. Histopathological examination was performed for all four groups. RESULTS Significantly (p < 0.05) elevated hepatic enzymes and MDA levels, with lower total protein, serum albumin, GPx, SOD and CAT levels were found in high and low doses RHMVO treated groups, in comparison to control. In the STHMVO group, all mentioned markers were insignificantly changed. Accumulation of liver fat in low and high dose oil-treated groups was further confirmed under the microscopic examination of liver tissues, presented significant fat accumulation in liver tissues, in addition, 40-60% increased oxidative stress compared to control, in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS These results conclude that consumption of thermally oxidized mix vegetable oils for longer duration can impair the liver function and destroy its histological structure significantly through fat accumulation and oxidative stress both in high as well as low doses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gul Ambreen
- Department of Pharmacy, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road (Main Pharmacy), P.O Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
| | - Afshan Siddiq
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Hussain
- Department of Pharmacy, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road (Main Pharmacy), P.O Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Y, Pritchard GJ, Kimber MC. Total Synthesis of the Tetrasubstituted Furan Fatty Acid Metabolite CeDFP via Au-Catalyzed Intermolecular Alkyne Hydroarylation. Org Lett 2019; 21:4892-4895. [PMID: 31188007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of the tetrasubstituted furan fatty acid (FFA) metabolite 5-[(1 E)-2-carboxyethenyl]-3,4-dimethyl-2-furanpentanoic acid (CeDFP) is reported. CeDFP is a FFA metabolite isolated from shark livers and is related to the known FFA metabolites CMPF and CMPentylF. Key elements of the synthetic route to CeDFP include an iodine-promoted 5- endo- dig cyclization of a 1,2-alkyne diol, a methyllithium-mediated insertion of the C3-methyl group, and a Au(I)-catalyzed intermolecular hydroarylation to introduce the unsaturated ester.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Loughborough University , Loughborough LE11 3TU , U.K
| | - Gareth J Pritchard
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Loughborough University , Loughborough LE11 3TU , U.K
| | - Marc C Kimber
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Loughborough University , Loughborough LE11 3TU , U.K
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kozakiewicz M, Kornatowski M, Krzywińska O, Kędziora-Kornatowska K. Changes in the blood antioxidant defense of advanced age people. Clin Interv Aging 2019; 14:763-771. [PMID: 31118597 PMCID: PMC6507109 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s201250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Since 1956 there have been numerous scientific articles about free radical theory of aging which both confirm and deny the theory. Due to oxygen metabolism, there are relatively high concentrations of molecular oxygen in human cells, especially in mitochondria. Under normal physiological conditions, a small fraction of oxygen is constantly converted to ROS, such as superoxide radical (O2-•), H2O2, and related metabolites. Aim of the study: The aim of this work was to show the relation between the activity of main antioxidative enzymes and the age of the examined patients. Materials and methods: The analysis of antioxidant defense was performed on the blood samples from 184 "aged" individuals aged 65-90+ years, and compared to the blood samples of 37 individuals just about at the beginning of aging, aged 55-59 years. Results: The statistically significant decreases of Zn,Cu-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were observed in elderly people in comparison with the control group. Moreover, an inverse correlation between the activities of SOD-1, CAT, and GSH-Px and the age of the examined persons was found. No age-related changes in glutathione reductase activities and malondialdehyde concentrations were observed. Conclusion: Lower activities of fundamental antioxidant enzymes in the erythrocytes of elderly people, which indicate the impairment of antioxidant defense in the aging organism and the intensity of peroxidative lipid structures, were observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kozakiewicz
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Ludwig Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Department of Food Chemistry, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Kornatowski
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Ludwig Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Department and Clinic of Geriatrics, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Olga Krzywińska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Ludwig Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Department of Food Chemistry, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Kornelia Kędziora-Kornatowska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Ludwig Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Department and Clinic of Geriatrics, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mao C, Yuan JQ, Lv YB, Gao X, Yin ZX, Kraus VB, Luo JS, Chei CL, Matchar DB, Zeng Y, Shi XM. Associations between superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and all-cause mortality in older adults: a community-based cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2019; 19:104. [PMID: 30987591 PMCID: PMC6466801 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1109-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is an important theory of aging but population-based evidence has been lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between biomarkers of oxidative stress, including plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA), with all-cause mortality in older adults. METHODS This is a community-based cohort study of 2224 participants (women:1227, median age: 86 years). We included individuals aged 65 or above and with plasma SOD activity and/or MDA tests at baseline. We evaluated the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by multivariable Cox models. RESULTS We documented 858 deaths during six years of follow-up. There was a significant interaction effect of sex with the association between SOD activity and mortality (P < 0.001). Compared with the lowest quintile, the risk of all-cause mortality was inversely associated with increasing quintiles of plasma SOD activity in women(P-trend< 0.001), with adjusted HRs for the second through fifth quintiles of 0.73 (95% CI 0.53-1.02), 0.52(95% CI 0.38-0.72), 0.53(95% CI 0.39-0.73), and 0.48(95% CI 0.35-0.66). There were no significant associations between SOD activity and mortality in men (P-trend = 0.64), and between MDA and mortality in all participants (P-trend = 0.79). CONCLUSIONS Increased activity of SOD was independently associated with lower all-cause mortality in older women but not in men. This epidemiological study lent support for the free radical/oxidative stress theory of aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Qiu Yuan
- Scientific Research & International Exchange Department, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yue-Bin Lv
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Lab, Pennsylvania State University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhao-Xue Yin
- Nutritional Epidemiology Lab, Pennsylvania State University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Virginia Byers Kraus
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jie-Si Luo
- Division of Non-Communicable Disease Control and Community Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Choy-Lye Chei
- Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Bruce Matchar
- Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Study of Healthy Aging and Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for the study of Aging and Human Development and the Geriatric Division of School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Study of Healthy Aging and Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Shi
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100021, China.
- Nutritional Epidemiology Lab, Pennsylvania State University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jensen S, Ragnarsdottir O, Johannsson R. Marine Sources of Furan Fatty Acids. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2018.1561569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ragnar Johannsson
- Aquaculture, Marine and Freshwater Research Institute, Reykjavik, Iceland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Oxidative and Antioxidative Status of Children with Celiac Disease Treated with a Gluten Free-Diet. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1324820. [PMID: 29854070 PMCID: PMC5954924 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1324820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Aims Oxidative stress is a factor involved in the pathogenesis of celiac disease (CD), possibly affecting the course of the disease and celiac-related complications. We assessed the intensity of oxidative processes and the efficiency of antioxidant defense in children with celiac disease. Methods. Group I (n = 32) consisted of children with CD treated with a gluten-free diet, and group II (n = 24) consisted of healthy children on a traditional diet. Antioxidative and oxidative status was assessed by measurement of serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and on the basis of oxidative stress index (OSI). Results There were no significant differences in serum TAC, TOC, ox-LDL, and OSI between children with CD and healthy children. Cluster analysis showed that the group of children with CD is not homogeneous in terms of serum TAC and TOC levels. About 50% of these children had TAC levels < 1.3 mmol/L and TOC levels > 0.35 mmol/L. Conclusions Strict adherence to a gluten-free diet by children with CD seems to be important for maintaining oxidative-antioxidant balance. However, further research is needed to identify factors potentially responsible for increased oxidative stress in some children with celiac disease despite adherence to a gluten-free diet.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee RJ, Lindley MR, Pritchard GJ, Kimber MC. A biosynthetically inspired route to substituted furans using the Appel reaction: total synthesis of the furan fatty acid F 5. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:6327-6330. [PMID: 28548154 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03229c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Appel reaction conditions have been harnessed to affect a mild biosynthetically inspired dehydration of endoperoxides to deliver multi-substituted electron rich furans. Unlike traditional dehydrative procedures, this method is metal and acid free, and can be achieved under redox neutral conditions. It is general for a range of aryl and alkyl substituted endoperoxides, and is functional group tolerant. Furthermore, this procedure has been used to deliver an effective total synthesis of the furan fatty acid (FFA) F5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Lee
- School of Science, Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sharma HB, Vyas S, Kumar J, Manna S. Beneficial effect of ghee consumption over mustard oil on lipid profile: A study in North Indian adult population. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 15:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2017-0101/jcim-2017-0101.xml. [PMID: 29369816 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2017-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundGhee (G) is attributed with numerous health benefits in Ayurveda. However, due to the high saturated fat content, it has been predicted to increase the cardiovascular disease risk. Hence, the current study was performed to evaluate the effect of G consumption as compared to mustard oil (MO) on lipid profile.MethodsTwo hundred (100 males) apparently healthy adults (≥40 years) were randomly selected out of the total individuals interviewed in a house-to-house survey. They were divided into three groups based on G and MO consumption: (A) MO >1 L/month, G<0.5 kg/month; (B) MO 1–0.5 L/month, G 1.25–0.5 kg/month; and (C) MO <0.5–0.2 L/month, G>1.25 kg/month. Serum lipid parameters were compared among the groups.ResultsGroup C had the significantly lowest triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), TC/HDL and LDL/HDL and highest high-density lipoprotein (HDL). A similar finding was found when analysis was done separetely for male and female.ConclusionsA favorable lipid profile might suggest a possible beneficial effect of predominantly G consumption over MO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Soniya Vyas
- Department of Physiology, Dr S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jayant Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Dr S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Soumen Manna
- Department of Physiology, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu L, Sinclair AJ, Faiza M, Li D, Han X, Yin H, Wang Y. Furan fatty acids - Beneficial or harmful to health? Prog Lipid Res 2017; 68:119-137. [PMID: 29051014 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Furan fatty acids are found in plants, algae, and fish, and reported to have some positive health benefits, including anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and inhibition of non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation. A major metabolite of furan fatty acids, 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF), has been reported to be increased in patients who progress from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes, although CMPF is not necessarily associated with impaired glucose metabolism. Other studies report that CMPF levels are lower in subjects with diabetes than control subjects. Plasma CMPF levels increase in subjects who consume fish or fish oil, and in patients with renal failure. It is not known where furan fatty acids are converted to CMPF and it is speculated that this might be a result of microbiome activity. The plasma levels reported for CMPF in healthy, diabetic and patients with renal disease vary by factors of more than 100-fold within each of these three groups, so measurement error appears to be limiting the ability to interpret studies. This review explores these controversies and raises questions about whether CMPF is a marker for healthy diets or indeed associated with diabetes and renal health. The review concludes that, on balance, furan fatty acids are beneficial for health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Research Center of Lipid Science and Applied Engineering Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Andrew J Sinclair
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Locked Bag, 20000, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Muniba Faiza
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Research Center of Lipid Science and Applied Engineering Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Daoming Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Research Center of Lipid Science and Applied Engineering Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Aging and Longevity Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonia, TX 78284, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonia, TX 78284, USA
| | - Huiyong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China 200031
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Research Center of Lipid Science and Applied Engineering Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ballekova J, Soltesova-Prnova M, Majekova M, Stefek M. Does inhibition of aldose reductase contribute to the anti-inflammatory action of setipiprant? Physiol Res 2017; 66:687-693. [PMID: 28406694 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate aldose reductase inhibitory action of setipiprant as a potential additional mechanism contributing to its anti-inflammatory action. Aldose reductase activity was determined by spectrophotometric measuring of NADPH consumption. Setipiprant was found to inhibit aldose reductase/NADPH-mediated reduction of 4-hydroxynonenal, 4-hydroxynonenal glutathione and prostaglandin H2 substrates, all relevant to the process of inflammation. Molecular modeling simulations into the aldose reductase inhibitor binding site revealed an interaction pattern of setipiprant. Considering multifactorial etiology of inflammatory pathologies, it is suggested that, in addition to the antagonizing prostaglandin D2 receptor, inhibition of aldose reductase may contribute to the reported anti-inflammatory action of setipiprant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Ballekova
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kaya G, Türkoğlu S. Analysis of certain fatty acids and toxic metal bioaccumulation in various tissues of three fish species that are consumed by Turkish people. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:9495-9505. [PMID: 28236203 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of toxic metals (Mn, Ni, Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr) in the muscle, skin, and liver of Mugil cephalus, Mullus barbatus, and Pagellus erythrinus which were purchased in large supermarkets of Elazig, and Mullus barbatus, which were caught on the sea of İskenderun Bay, Turkey, were analyzed. Fundamental analyses were carried out by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after samples were prepared by microwave digestion. Mean metal concentrations in different tissues were varied in the ranges of Cd 4-426, Cr 116-4458, Mn 141-24774, Hg 9-471, Pb 96-695, and Ni 68-6581 μg kg-1, for wet weight. The investigated metal bioaccumulation in the muscles of fish species, in general, was lower than those in the liver and skin. This method was verified by NCS ZC73016 chicken trace element-certified reference material analysis. In addition, fatty acids in the muscles of three fish species were analyzed. According to the gas chromatography (GC) results of fatty acids, the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were found to be between 23.76 and 31.97%. The fatty acids' polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratio was found to be between 13.67 and 30.71% and saturated fatty acids ratios were determined in the range of 24.06-32.30%. In all fish species, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ratio, which increase the value of these fish species, were high. These results show that these three fish species are good sources of fatty acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gökçe Kaya
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, Health Sciences Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Semra Türkoğlu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, Health Sciences Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Smarsh DN, Williams CA. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Standardbreds: Effect of Age and Training in Resting Plasma and Muscle. J Equine Vet Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
20
|
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Standardbreds: Effect of Age and Acute Exercise Before and After Training. J Equine Vet Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
21
|
Cui H, He J, Chen H, Chen J, Qian X, Huang W. Erythropoietin attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury by upregulating epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 in newborn rats. Biomed Rep 2016; 6:32-38. [PMID: 28123704 PMCID: PMC5244802 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to observe the effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) on the expression of epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7) and cell apoptosis in lung tissue following hyperoxic lung injury in newborn rats. The 96 Sprague-Dawley newborn rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=24) as follows: Room air-exposed control group, room air-exposed rhEPO-treated group, hyperoxia-exposed group and the hyperoxia-exposed rhEPO-treated group. Pups (n=8) from each group were sacrificed on postnatal days 3, 7 and 14. The pulmonary morphometric and microvessel density changes were observed. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of EGFL7, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-like protein 4 (Bax) in lung tissue samples were measured. The rats in the hyperoxia-exposed group exhibited alveolar and pulmonary vascular dysplasia, as well as low mRNA and protein expression levels of EGFL7 and Bcl-2, in addition to high level of Bax in the lung tissue samples when compared with the room air-exposed control group (P<0.05). However, in the hyperoxia-exposed rhEPO-treated group the lung histopathology was improved, and the protein and mRNA expression levels of EGFL7 and Bcl-2 were increased compared with the hyperoxia-exposed group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the expression level of Bax was lower than that of the hyperoxia-exposed group (P<0.05). The present study demonstrated that rhEPO promotes alveolar development and increases pulmonary vascular density by upregulating the expression level of EGFL7 in hyperoxia-induced lung injury of newborn rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanjin Cui
- Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jiayu He
- Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Hongwu Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jinwen Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Qian
- Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Huang
- Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hannan PA, Khan JA, Ullah I, Ullah S. Synergistic combinatorial antihyperlipidemic study of selected natural antioxidants; modulatory effects on lipid profile and endogenous antioxidants. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:151. [PMID: 27613388 PMCID: PMC5016891 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperlipidemia, a major pathological condition associated with disrupted lipid levels and physiological redox homeostasis. The excessive release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to enhanced lipid peroxidation, aggravated atherosclerosis and oxidative stress. Integration of natural antioxidant blends in alone or with conventional treatments can alleviate these issues synergistically contributing least side effects. Published literature reported the efficacy of natural antioxidants as individual and in combinations in various conditions but less data is available on their evaluation in low dose ratio blends particularly in hypercholesterolemic diet. Methods Antihyperlipidemic effects of selected natural antioxidants; the phenolic oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) and pterostilbene (PT) with niacin (NA) were investigated in current study. Their effects on lipid profile, lipid peroxidation and their aptitude to establish redox state between oxidants and antioxidants in body were evaluated in high cholesterol diet fed animal model. Male albino rabbits (n = 6) weighing 1.2–1.6 kg, supplemented with high cholesterol diet (400 mg/kg) for 12 weeks were used in the experiment. Antioxidants were administered individual high (100 mg/kg) and in low dose combinations (total dose = 100 mg/kg). Student’s t test and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnet’s test were used as statistical tools for evaluation. Results The results showed synergistic effects of low dose antioxidant blends. Therapies retarded elevation in blood lipid levels, lipid peroxidation and blood antioxidant depletion and consequently contributed in reestablishing redox homeostasis. The LDL/HDL ratio and atherogenic index were suppressed significantly in blend therapies with maximum effects of 59.3 and 25 % (p >0.001) observed in 50:30:20 ratios of OPC, NA and PT, compared to individual therapies 37 and 18 % max respectively. Moreover the results were also in close proximity with the statin therapy (52.66, 26.28 %). Conclusion This study provides an evidence for natural antioxidants blends superiority over individual therapy in chronic diseases like hyperlipidemia. Such therapies in human equivalent doses can help in mitigating chronic illnesses in general populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peer Abdul Hannan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Jamshaid Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Safi Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Karandikar YS, Bansude AS, Angadi EA. Comparison between the Effect of Cow Ghee and Butter on Memory and Lipid Profile of Wistar Rats. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:FF11-FF15. [PMID: 27790463 PMCID: PMC5071963 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/19457.8512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The traditional texts designate Cow Ghee as Medhya Rasayana, beneficial for mental alertness and memory. There has been concern about increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to its high percentage of saturated fatty acids in ghee. Amongst all edible fats, nutrition composition of cow ghee and butter is comparatively similar. Hence we had planned a study to assess effect of cow ghee on memory and lipid profile. AIM So the aim of this study is to assess the effect of cow ghee on memory and lipid profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nootropic activity of test drugs was assessed by Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) and Morris Water Maze (MWM) model. Rats were divided into four groups namely control, Piracetam, cow ghee and butter. All drugs were given orally for 21 days. Transfer latency was measured in EPM model and probe test was done in MWM model. RESULTS Cow ghee and butter group showed no significant effect on memory in EPM and MWM model. There was reduction in weight of animals in Cow Ghee group and increase in weight with Butter. In both the models there was a significant increase in Triglyceride (TG) and Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL) levels of rats in butter groups and increase in TG and VLDL of rats with cow ghee in EPM model. CONCLUSION The result of experiment suggests that no beneficial effect cow ghee and butter on cognition was seen. However, ghee is relatively safer when compared to Butter in considering lipid profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eesha Ajit Angadi
- Resident, Department of Pharmacology, BVDU Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vágási CI, Vincze O, Pătraş L, Osváth G, Marton A, Bărbos L, Sol D, Pap PL. Large-brained birds suffer less oxidative damage. J Evol Biol 2016; 29:1968-1976. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. I. Vágási
- MTA-DE “Lendület” Behavioural Ecology Research Group; Department of Evolutionary Zoology; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
- Evolutionary Ecology Group; Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology; Babeş-Bolyai University; Cluj Napoca Romania
| | - O. Vincze
- MTA-DE “Lendület” Behavioural Ecology Research Group; Department of Evolutionary Zoology; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
- Evolutionary Ecology Group; Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology; Babeş-Bolyai University; Cluj Napoca Romania
| | - L. Pătraş
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology; Babeş-Bolyai University; Cluj Napoca Romania
| | - G. Osváth
- Museum of Zoology; Babeş-Bolyai University; Cluj Napoca Romania
| | - A. Marton
- Evolutionary Ecology Group; Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology; Babeş-Bolyai University; Cluj Napoca Romania
- ’Milvus Group’ Bird and Nature Protection Association; Tîrgu Mureș Romania
| | - L. Bărbos
- Evolutionary Ecology Group; Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology; Babeş-Bolyai University; Cluj Napoca Romania
- ’Milvus Group’ Bird and Nature Protection Association; Tîrgu Mureș Romania
| | - D. Sol
- CREAF; Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
- CSIC; Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
| | - P. L. Pap
- MTA-DE “Lendület” Behavioural Ecology Research Group; Department of Evolutionary Zoology; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
- Evolutionary Ecology Group; Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology; Babeş-Bolyai University; Cluj Napoca Romania
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chvalová D, Špička J. Identification of furan fatty acids in the lipids of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Food Chem 2016; 200:183-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
26
|
Rinnerthaler M, Bischof J, Streubel MK, Trost A, Richter K. Oxidative stress in aging human skin. Biomolecules 2015; 5:545-89. [PMID: 25906193 PMCID: PMC4496685 DOI: 10.3390/biom5020545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress in skin plays a major role in the aging process. This is true for intrinsic aging and even more for extrinsic aging. Although the results are quite different in dermis and epidermis, extrinsic aging is driven to a large extent by oxidative stress caused by UV irradiation. In this review the overall effects of oxidative stress are discussed as well as the sources of ROS including the mitochondrial ETC, peroxisomal and ER localized proteins, the Fenton reaction, and such enzymes as cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, xanthine oxidases, and NADPH oxidases. Furthermore, the defense mechanisms against oxidative stress ranging from enzymes like superoxide dismutases, catalases, peroxiredoxins, and GSH peroxidases to organic compounds such as L-ascorbate, α-tocopherol, beta-carotene, uric acid, CoQ10, and glutathione are described in more detail. In addition the oxidative stress induced modifications caused to proteins, lipids and DNA are discussed. Finally age-related changes of the skin are also a topic of this review. They include a disruption of the epidermal calcium gradient in old skin with an accompanying change in the composition of the cornified envelope. This modified cornified envelope also leads to an altered anti-oxidative capacity and a reduced barrier function of the epidermis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Rinnerthaler
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria.
| | - Johannes Bischof
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria.
| | - Maria Karolin Streubel
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria.
| | - Andrea Trost
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Klaus Richter
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Fuchs B. Analytical methods for (oxidized) plasmalogens: Methodological aspects and applications. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:599-617. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.999675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
28
|
Liu J, Jia DY, Cai SZ, Li CP, Zhang MS, Zhang YY, Yan CH, Wang YP. Mitochondria defects are involved in lead-acetate-induced adult hematopoietic stem cell decline. Toxicol Lett 2015; 235:37-44. [PMID: 25800560 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Occupational high-grade lead exposure has been reduced in recent decades as a result of increased regulation. However, environmental lead exposure remains widespread, and is associated with severe toxicity implicated in human diseases. We performed oral intragastric administration of various dose lead acetate to adult Sprague Dawley rats to define the role of lead exposure in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) function, and to clarify its underlying mechanism. Lead acetate-exposed rats exhibited developmental abnormalities in myeloid and lymphoid lineages, and a significant decline in immune functions. It also showed HSCs functional decline associated with senescent phenotype with low grade lead acetate exposure or apoptotic phenotype with relative higher grade dose exposure. Mechanistic exploration showed a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the lead acetate-exposed CD90(+)CD45(-) compartment, which correlated with functional defects in cellular mitochondria. Furthermore, in vivo treatment with the antioxidant vitamin C led to reversion of the CD90(+)CD45(-) compartment functional decline. These results indicate that lead acetate perturbs the hematopoietic balance of adult HSCs, associated with cellular mitochondria defects, increased intracellular ROS generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Chengdu Research Institute of Reproduction and Infertility, Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610091, China.
| | - Dao-Yong Jia
- Institute of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Shi-Zhong Cai
- Department of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No. 303 Jingde Rd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, China.
| | - Cheng-Peng Li
- Institute of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Meng-Si Zhang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yan-Yan Zhang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Chong-Huai Yan
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Ya-Ping Wang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Visalli G, Baluce B, Bertuccio M, Picerno I, Di Pietro A. Mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway in alveolar epithelial cells exposed to the metals in combustion-generated particulate matter. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2015; 78:697-709. [PMID: 26039747 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1024081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Previously a significant mitochondrial impairment was identified in alveolar epithelial cells exposed to metals adsorbed to combustion-generated particulate matter (PM). Due to the critical role of mitochondria in apoptosis, the aim of this study was to investigate the pro-apoptotic potential of metals present in oil fly ash (OFA). A549 cells were exposed to water-soluble components of an OFA sample, containing vanadium [V(IV)], iron [Fe(III)], and nickel [Ni(II)] (68.8, 110.4, and 18 μM, respectively). Experiments were also performed using individual metal solutions. Apoptosis was detected and the mitochondrial role was assessed by a caspase-9 inhibitor (Z-LEHD-FMK). To determine whether the presence of impaired mitochondria in unexposed daughter cells increased apoptosis, an in vitro model was developed that allowed determination of effects until the third cell generation. To specifically examine the toxicity of vanadium (V), that characterize the airborne pollutant examined in this study, p53involvement and metabolic impairment through changes in HIF-1α and Glut-1 expression were determined. OFA and individual metal solutions produced significant apoptosis in the progeny of exposed cells, triggering the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. In apoptosis induced by poorly genotoxic metal V, p53 did not play a significant role. However, V exposure increased nuclear translocation of HIF-1α and expression of the Glut-1 receptor, indicating metabolic impairment due to metal-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Overall, these results improve our knowledge of the pathogenic role that airborne metals and in particular V exerted in respiratory epithelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa Visalli
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Visalli G, Bertuccio MP, Picerno I, Spataro P, Di Pietro A. Mitochondrial dysfunction by pro-oxidant vanadium: ex vivo assessment of individual susceptibility. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 39:93-101. [PMID: 25473821 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to assess the individual susceptibility to mitochondrial impairment induced by ex vivo exposure to vanadium, an airborne pro-oxidant pollutant. In lymphocyte cultures V(IV)-treated of forty-five healthy subjects, we evaluated the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψm) and the H2O2 in comparison to background values. As variables, we included both lifestyle factors and genetic polymorphisms (GSTM1 and GSTT1 variants, and C677T and A1298C variants of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR). H2O2 mitochondrial content increased significantly (P<0.05) after metal exposure while, in comparison to basal Δψm, both depolarisation and hyperpolarisation were recorded. This underlined the mitochondrial dysfunction vanadium-induced that worsens the redox imbalance by endogenous ROS overproduction. Only age was found to contribute significantly to the high inter-individual variability, as assessed by multivariate analysis. In older subjects, the H2O2/Δψm values underline the organelle impairment and, under V-exposure, Δψm values were inversely related to age (R=-0.591; P=0.012).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa Visalli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Bertuccio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Isa Picerno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Pasquale Spataro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Di Pietro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Spiteller G, Afzal M. The action of peroxyl radicals, powerful deleterious reagents, explains why neither cholesterol nor saturated fatty acids cause atherogenesis and age-related diseases. Chemistry 2014; 20:14928-45. [PMID: 25318456 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cells respond to alterations in their membrane structure by activating hydrolytic enzymes. Thus, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are liberated. Free PUFAs react with molecular oxygen to give lipid hydroperoxide molecules (LOOHs). In case of severe cell injury, this physiological reaction switches to the generation of lipid peroxide radicals (LOO(·)). These radicals can attack nearly all biomolecules such as lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids and enzymes, impairing their biological functions. Identical cell responses are triggered by manipulation of food, for example, heating/grilling and particularly homogenization, representing cell injury. Cholesterol as well as diets rich in saturated fat have been postulated to accelerate the risk of atherosclerosis while food rich in unsaturated fatty acids has been claimed to lower this risk. However, the fact is that LOO(·) radicals generated from PUFAs can oxidize cholesterol to toxic cholesterol oxides, simulating a reduction in cholesterol level. In this review it is shown how active LOO(·) radicals interact with biomolecules at a speed transcending usual molecule-molecule reactions by several orders of magnitude. Here, it is explained how functional groups are fundamentally transformed by an attack of LOO(·) with an obliteration of essential biomolecules leading to pathological conditions. A serious reconsideration of the health and diet guidelines is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Spiteller
- University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95445 Bayreuth (Germany).
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nallamshetty S, Le PT, Wang H, Issacsohn MJ, Reeder DJ, Rhee EJ, Kiefer FW, Brown JD, Rosen CJ, Plutzky J. Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 deficiency inhibits PPARγ-mediated bone loss and marrow adiposity. Bone 2014; 67:281-91. [PMID: 25064526 PMCID: PMC4209126 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PPARγ, a ligand-activated nuclear receptor, regulates fundamental aspects of bone homeostasis and skeletal remodeling. PPARγ-activating anti-diabetic thiazolidinediones in clinical use promote marrow adiposity, bone loss, and skeletal fractures. As such, delineating novel regulatory pathways that modulate the action of PPARγ, and its obligate heterodimeric partner RXR, may have important implications for our understanding and treatment of disorders of low bone mineral density. We present data here establishing retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (Aldh1a1) and its substrate retinaldehyde (Rald) as novel determinants of PPARγ-RXR actions in the skeleton. When compared to wild type (WT) controls, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-deficient (Aldh1a1(-/-)) mice were protected against bone loss and marrow adiposity induced by either the thiazolidinedione rosiglitazone or a high fat diet, both of which potently activate the PPARγ-RXR complex. Consistent with these results, Rald, which accumulates in vivo in Aldh1a1(-/-) mice, protects against rosiglitazone-mediated inhibition of osteoblastogenesis in vitro. In addition, Rald potently inhibits in vitro adipogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in WT mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) respectively. Primary Aldh1a1(-/-) HSCs also demonstrate impaired osteoclastogenesis in vitro compared to WT controls. Collectively, these findings identify Rald and retinoid metabolism through Aldh1a1 as important novel modulators of PPARγ-RXR transactivation in the marrow niche.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shriram Nallamshetty
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Phuong T. Le
- Center for Clinical & Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maya J. Issacsohn
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David J. Reeder
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eun-Jung Rhee
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Florian W. Kiefer
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan D. Brown
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Clifford J. Rosen
- Center for Clinical & Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine
- Corresponding authors. Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Jorge Plutzky, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 77 Ave. Louis Pasteur, NRB 742, Boston, Massachusetts 02115. Telephone: 617-525-4360 Fax: 617-525-4366
| | - Jorge Plutzky
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Corresponding authors. Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Jorge Plutzky, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 77 Ave. Louis Pasteur, NRB 742, Boston, Massachusetts 02115. Telephone: 617-525-4360 Fax: 617-525-4366
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kelley NS, Yoshida Y, Erickson KL. Do n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Increase or Decrease Lipid Peroxidation in Humans? Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2014; 12:403-15. [DOI: 10.1089/met.2014.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nirvair S. Kelley
- Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona
| | - Yasukazu Yoshida
- Health Technology Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kent L. Erickson
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, School of Medicine, Davis, California
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Shichiri M, Adkins Y, Ishida N, Umeno A, Shigeri Y, Yoshida Y, Fedor DM, Mackey BE, Kelley DS. DHA concentration of red blood cells is inversely associated with markers of lipid peroxidation in men taking DHA supplement. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2014; 55:196-202. [PMID: 25411526 PMCID: PMC4227822 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.14-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An increase in the proportion of fatty acids with higher numbers of double bonds is believed to increase lipid peroxidation, which augments the risk for many chronic diseases. (n-3) Polyunsaturated fatty acids provide various health benefits, but there is a concern that they might increase lipid peroxidation. We examined the effects of docosahexaenoic acid [22:6 (n-3)] supplementation on lipid peroxidation markers in plasma and red blood cells (RBC) and their associations with red blood cell and plasma fatty acids. Hypertriglyceridemic men (n = 17 per group) aged 39–66 years participated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel study. They received no supplements for the first 8 days and then received 7.5 g/day docosahexaenoic acid oil (3 g/day docosahexaenoic acid) or olive oil (placebo) for 90 days. Fasting blood samples were collected 0, 45, and 91 days after supplementation. Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation did not change plasma or RBC concentrations of lipid peroxidation markers (total hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, total hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, total 8-isoprostaglandin F2α, 7α-hydroxycholesterol, 7β-hydroxycholesterol) when pre- and post-supplement values were compared. However, the post-supplement docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentration was inversely associated with RBC concentrations of ZE-HODE, EE-HODE, t-HODE, and total 8-isoprostaglandin F2α, (p<0.05). RBC concentration of hydroxycholesterol was also inversely associated with DHA but it did not attain significance (p = 0.07). Our results suggest that increased concentration of DHA in RBC lipids reduced lipid peroxidation. This may be another health benefit of DHA in addition to its many other health promoting effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mototada Shichiri
- Health Research Institute (HRI), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Yuriko Adkins
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, ARS, USDA and Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Noriko Ishida
- Health Research Institute (HRI), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Aya Umeno
- Health Research Institute (HRI), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shigeri
- Health Research Institute (HRI), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Yasukazu Yoshida
- Health Research Institute (HRI), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Dawn M Fedor
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, ARS, USDA and Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bruce E Mackey
- Western Regional Research Center, ARS, USDA, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Darshan S Kelley
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, ARS, USDA and Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, CA 95616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Oxidative Stress and Proteostasis Network: Culprit and Casualty of Alzheimer’s-Like Neurodegeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/527518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Free radical-mediated damage to proteins is particularly important in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, because in the majority of cases it is a non-reversible phenomenon that requires clearance systems for removal. Major consequences of protein oxidation are loss of protein function and the formation of large protein aggregates, which are often toxic to cells if allowed to accumulate. Deposition of aggregated, misfolded, and oxidized proteins may also result from the impairment of protein quality control (PQC) system, including protein unfolded response, proteasome, and autophagy. Perturbations of such components of the proteostasis network that provides a critical protective role against stress conditions are emerging as relevant factor in triggering neuronal death. In this outlook paper, we discuss the role of protein oxidation as a major contributing factor for the impairment of the PQC regulating protein folding, surveillance, and degradation. Recent studies from our group and from others aim to better understand the link between Down syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology. We propose oxidative stress and alteration of proteostasis network as a possible unifying mechanism triggering neurodegeneration.
Collapse
|
36
|
Teixeira A, Cox RC, Egmond MR. Furan fatty acids efficiently rescue brain cells from cell death induced by oxidative stress. Food Funct 2014; 4:1209-15. [PMID: 23719714 DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60094g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of rat brain C6 astroglioma cells with furan fatty acid F6 prior to exposure to hydrogen peroxide shows a strong protective effect of F6 against cell death resulting from oxidative stress. This protective effect is obtained only for F6 administered as a free fatty acid and with an intact furan ring. It is proposed that brain cells are rescued by F6 scavenging radicals elicited by lipid peroxidation within the cell membrane. Oxidative processes outside the cell membrane, such as protein carbonylation, are not affected by F6. Furan fatty acids such as those present in fish oils and marine organisms are likely beneficial for consumption in reducing the risk of diseases that have been implicated to arise from oxidative stress, such as Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette Teixeira
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bijvoet Center, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Redox proteomics and the dynamic molecular landscape of the aging brain. Ageing Res Rev 2014; 13:75-89. [PMID: 24374232 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that the risk to develop neurodegenerative disorders increases with chronological aging. Accumulating studies contributed to characterize the age-dependent changes either at gene and protein expression level which, taken together, show that aging of the human brain results from the combination of the normal decline of multiple biological functions with environmental factors that contribute to defining disease risk of late-life brain disorders. Finding the "way out" of the labyrinth of such complex molecular interactions may help to fill the gap between "normal" brain aging and development of age-dependent diseases. To this purpose, proteomics studies are a powerful tool to better understand where to set the boundary line of healthy aging and age-related disease by analyzing the variation of protein expression levels and the major post translational modifications that determine "protein" physio/pathological fate. Increasing attention has been focused on oxidative modifications due to the crucial role of oxidative stress in aging, in addition to the fact that this type of modification is irreversible and may alter protein function. Redox proteomics studies contributed to decipher the complexity of brain aging by identifying the proteins that were increasingly oxidized and eventually dysfunctional as a function of age. The purpose of this review is to summarize the most important findings obtained by applying proteomics approaches to murine models of aging with also a brief overview of some human studies, in particular those related to dementia.
Collapse
|
38
|
Pacetti D, Balzano M, Colella S, Santojanni A, Frega NG. Effect of spawning on furan fatty acid profile of edible muscle and organ tissues from sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:3969-3977. [PMID: 23531042 DOI: 10.1021/jf400555u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The total fatty acid compositions, especially the furan fatty acid (F-acids) profile, from edible muscle (fillet) and organ tissues (brain, eye, ovaries, and testes) of spawning and nonspawning sardine and anchovy were examined. The spawning season had no effect on F-acid profiles of the fillet and all organ tissues, for both fishes. However, differences among the F-acid fraction of the organ tissues were revealed. The F-acid portion was less than 1% of total fatty acid in all samples. Five F-acid congeners were detected in the fillet, eye, and gonads, while the brain contained only four F-acids. Unlike the F-acids, spawning season affected the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) abundance in fillet and gonads. DHA enrichment occurred in fillets and gonads from spawning sardine and anchovy. The ratio ω3 PUFA/ω6 PUFA decreases between spawning and nonspawning fillets, thus the fillets from spawning fish have higher nutritional value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Pacetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Stojiljković V, Pejić S, Kasapović J, Gavrilović L, Stojiljković S, Nikolić D, Pajović SB. Glutathione redox cycle in small intestinal mucosa and peripheral blood of pediatric celiac disease patients. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2012; 84:175-84. [PMID: 22441607 DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652012000100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The celiac disease is an autoimmune gastrointestinal disorder caused by gluten from wheat, rye or barley. In genetically predisposed persons, gluten induces the immune-mediated inflammation of small intestinal mucosa. Histological lesions include intraepithelial lymphocytosis, crypt hypertrophy and villous atrophy, resulting in malabsorption of micro- and macronutrients. The only treatment for celiac patients is a permanent gluten-free diet (GFD). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress are strongly associated with the celiac disease. Glutathione (GSH) is a main detoxifier of endogenous and exogenous ROS in the intestine. In order to explain the role of glutathione redox cycle in celiac patients, we examined the activities of GSH-related antioxidant (AO) enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR), as well as the concentration of GSH in small intestinal biopsies and peripheral blood of children affected by the celiac disease. The concentration of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) as markers of oxidative damage was measured in the same samples. The results clearly demonstrate a significant malfunction of GSH redox cycle with a concomitant decrease in the capacity to regenerate GSH and detoxify LOOH in celiac patients, even after several years of GFD. The oral administration of GSH and a diet rich in natural antioxidants, as well as appropriate dietary supplements, could be of great benefit to the patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vesnać Stojiljković
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, "Vinča" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sharma H, Zhang X, Dwivedi C. The effect of ghee (clarified butter) on serum lipid levels and microsomal lipid peroxidation. Ayu 2012; 31:134-40. [PMID: 22131700 PMCID: PMC3215354 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.72361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ghee, also known as clarified butter, has been utilized for thousands of years in Ayurveda as a therapeutic agent. In ancient India, ghee was the preferred cooking oil. In the last several decades, ghee has been implicated in the increased prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Asian Indians due to its content of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol and, in heated ghee, cholesterol oxidation products. Our previous research on Sprague-Dawley outbred rats, which serve as a model for the general population, showed no effect of 5 and 10% ghee-supplemented diets on serum cholesterol and triglycerides. However, in Fischer inbred rats, which serve as a model for genetic predisposition to diseases, results of our previous research showed an increase in serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels when fed a 10% ghee-supplemented diet. In the present study, we investigated the effect of 10% dietary ghee on microsomal lipid peroxidation, as well as serum lipid levels in Fischer inbred rats to assess the effect of ghee on free radical mediated processes that are implicated in many chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease. Results showed that 10% dietary ghee fed for 4 weeks did not have any significant effect on levels of serum total cholesterol, but did increase triglyceride levels in Fischer inbred rats. Ghee at a level of 10% in the diet did not increase liver microsomal lipid peroxidation or liver microsomal lipid peroxide levels. Animal studies have demonstrated many beneficial effects of ghee, including dose-dependent decreases in serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and triglycerides; decreased liver total cholesterol, triglycerides, and cholesterol esters; and a lower level of nonenzymatic-induced lipid peroxidation in liver homogenate. Similar results were seen with heated (oxidized) ghee which contains cholesterol oxidation products. A preliminary clinical study showed that high doses of medicated ghee decreased serum cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol esters in psoriasis patients. A study on a rural population in India revealed a significantly lower prevalence of coronary heart disease in men who consumed higher amounts of ghee. Research on Maharishi Amrit Kalash-4 (MAK-4), an Ayurvedic herbal mixture containing ghee, showed no effect on levels of serum cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), LDL, or triglycerides in hyperlipidemic patients who ingested MAK-4 for 18 weeks. MAK-4 inhibited the oxidation of LDL in these patients. The data available in the literature do not support a conclusion of harmful effects of the moderate consumption of ghee in the general population. Factors that may be involved in the rise of CAD in Asian Indians include the increased use of vanaspati (vegetable ghee) which contains 40% trans fatty acids, psychosocial stress, insulin resistance, and altered dietary patterns. Research findings in the literature support the beneficial effects of ghee outlined in the ancient Ayurvedic texts and the therapeutic use of ghee for thousands of years in the Ayurvedic system of medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hari Sharma
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Similarities and differences between the effects of EPA and DHA on markers of atherosclerosis in human subjects. Proc Nutr Soc 2012; 71:322-31. [PMID: 22369859 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665112000080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have reviewed effects of long chain (LC) n-3 PUFA on markers of atherosclerosis in human subjects with a focus on individual effects of EPA and DHA. Initial results from epidemiological studies suggested that LC n-3 PUFA from fish oils (FO) reduced incidence of CVD; those results have been confirmed in interventional studies. Dietary intervention with n-3 PUFA decreased fasting and postprandial TAG, number of remnant-like chylomicron particles, large VLDL, and total and small dense LDL particles. It increased mean size of LDL particles by increasing number of large and decreasing those of small dense particles. With some exceptions, n-3 PUFA decreased blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR), flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers. n-3 PUFA also decreased circulating adhesion molecules and intima-media thickness (IMT) in some but not other studies. For IMT, results varied with the sex and artery being examined. EPA effects on FMD are endothelial cell dependent, while those of DHA seem to be endothelial cell independent. Individually, both EPA and DHA decreased TAG and inflammatory markers, but only DHA decreased HR, BP and number of small dense LDL particles. Results varied because of dose and duration of n-3 PUFA, EPA:DHA, health status of subjects and other reasons. Future studies are needed to determine optimal doses of EPA and DHA individually, their synergistic, additive or antagonistic effects, and to understand underlying mechanisms. In conclusion, n-3 PUFA decreased several risk factors for atherosclerosis without any serious adverse effects.
Collapse
|
42
|
Reis A, Spickett CM. Chemistry of phospholipid oxidation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1818:2374-87. [PMID: 22342938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Revised: 01/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The oxidation of lipids has long been a topic of interest in biological and food sciences, and the fundamental principles of non-enzymatic free radical attack on phospholipids are well established, although questions about detail of the mechanisms remain. The number of end products that are formed following the initiation of phospholipid peroxidation is large, and is continually growing as new structures of oxidized phospholipids are elucidated. Common products are phospholipids with esterified isoprostane-like structures and chain-shortened products containing hydroxy, carbonyl or carboxylic acid groups; the carbonyl-containing compounds are reactive and readily form adducts with proteins and other biomolecules. Phospholipids can also be attacked by reactive nitrogen and chlorine species, further expanding the range of products to nitrated and chlorinated phospholipids. Key to understanding the mechanisms of oxidation is the development of advanced and sensitive technologies that enable structural elucidation. Tandem mass spectrometry has proved invaluable in this respect and is generally the method of choice for structural work. A number of studies have investigated whether individual oxidized phospholipid products occur in vivo, and mass spectrometry techniques have been instrumental in detecting a variety of oxidation products in biological samples such as atherosclerotic plaque material, brain tissue, intestinal tissue and plasma, although relatively few have achieved an absolute quantitative analysis. The levels of oxidized phospholipids in vivo is a critical question, as there is now substantial evidence that many of these compounds are bioactive and could contribute to pathology. The challenges for the future will be to adopt lipidomic approaches to map the profile of oxidized phospholipid formation in different biological conditions, and relate this to their effects in vivo. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Oxidized phospholipids-their properties and interactions with proteins.
Collapse
|
43
|
Kuiper HC, Stevens JF. LC-MS/MS quantitation of mercapturic acid conjugates of lipid peroxidation products as markers of oxidative stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; Chapter 17:Unit17.14.2. [PMID: 21442005 DOI: 10.1002/0471140856.tx1714s45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) leads to the formation of cytotoxic and genotoxic 2-alkenals. LPO products such as 4-hydroxy-2(E)-nonenal (HNE) and 4-oxo-2(E)-nonenal (ONE) have been the subject of many studies due to their association with the development of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as cancer. LPO products are excreted in the urine after conjugation with glutathione (GSH) and subsequent metabolism to mercapturic acid (MA) conjugates. Urinary LPO-MA metabolites are stable end-product metabolites and have gained interest as non-invasive in vivo biomarkers of oxidative stress. This protocol describes a method for the quantitative analysis of LPO-MA metabolites in urine using isotope-dilution liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Included are protocols for preparation of labeled LPO-MA conjugates from unlabeled LPO products and deuterium labeled MA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather C Kuiper
- Linus Pauling Institute and the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Isolation of 6,9,12,15-Hexadecatetraenoic Fatty Acid (16:4n-1) Methyl Ester from Transesterified Fish Oil by HSCCC. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
45
|
Di Pietro A, Visalli G, Baluce B, Micale RT, La Maestra S, Spataro P, De Flora S. Multigenerational mitochondrial alterations in pneumocytes exposed to oil fly ash metals. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2011; 214:138-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2010] [Revised: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
46
|
|
47
|
Abstract
Obesity, diabetes, and osteoporosis are major public health concerns. Current estimates indicate that the US population consists of 25% obese, 30% diabetic and prediabetic, and, among the elderly, 50% of all osteoporotic individuals. Mechanistically, these pathologies share several features including common regulators of bone homeostasis and energy metabolism. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) represent a family of proteins that control energy turnover in adipose, liver, and muscle tissue. These proteins also control bone turnover and regulate bone cell differentiation. Recent evidence suggests that bone is an organ integral to energy metabolism not only with respect to energy storage, but also as an organ regulating systemic energy homeostasis. In this article, we review current knowledge on the role of PPARs in bone metabolism and bone cell differentiation. We also discuss the role of bone fat in modulation of bone marrow microenvironment and its possible contribution to the systemic regulation of energy metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beata Lecka-Czernik
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo Medical Center, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Dmitriev LF, Titov VN. Lipid peroxidation in relation to ageing and the role of endogenous aldehydes in diabetes and other age-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2010; 9:200-10. [PMID: 19800421 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2009] [Revised: 09/23/2009] [Accepted: 09/23/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipid intermediates which are generated by ROS have drawn more attention after it was found that lipid peroxidation and lipid-radical cycles are two alternative processes. In biological membranes alpha-tocopherol and cytochrome b5, as known, act synergistically to overcome free radical injury and to form lipid-radical cycles. These cycles activate membrane proteins, protect membrane lipids from oxidation and prevent from formation of endogenous aldehydes. Experimental and clinical evidence accumulated for 5-6 years suggests that endogenous aldehydes, such as malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and methylglyoxal (MG), are the major initiators of the metabolic disorders. The age-related diseases emerge when cells cannot control formation of aldehydes and/or cannot abolish the negative effect of methylglyoxal on their metabolism. If the efficiency of the glyoxalase system is insufficient toxic aldehydes cause cumulative damage over a lifetime. In this paper, we provide evidence to consider ageing as a process in which lipid-radical cycles gradually substitute for lipid peroxidation. There are always two opposing tendencies or actions which counteract each other - actions of melatonin, lipid-radical cycles and the glyoxalase system (anti-ageing effect) and negative actions of the toxic aldehydes (pro-ageing effect). Life span is determined by the balance of two opposing processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L F Dmitriev
- Group of Neurobiology, Cardiology Research Center, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kuiper HC, Langsdorf BL, Miranda CL, Joss J, Jubert C, Mata JE, Stevens JF. Quantitation of mercapturic acid conjugates of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and 4-oxo-2-nonenal metabolites in a smoking cessation study. Free Radic Biol Med 2010; 48:65-72. [PMID: 19819328 PMCID: PMC2818256 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2009] [Revised: 08/29/2009] [Accepted: 10/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The breakdown of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) under conditions of oxidative stress results in the formation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products. These LPO products such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) and 4-oxo-2-nonenal (ONE) can contribute to the development of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Conjugation with glutathione, followed by further metabolism to mercapturic acid (MA) conjugates, can mitigate the effects of these LPO products in disease development by facilitating their excretion from the body. We have developed a quantitative method to simultaneously assess levels of 4-oxo-2-nonen-1-ol (ONO)-MA, HNE-MA, and 1,4-dihydroxy-2-nonene (DHN)-MA in human urine samples utilizing isotope-dilution mass spectrometry. We are also able to detect 4-hydroxy-2-nonenoic acid (HNA)-MA, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenoic acid lactone (HNAL)-MA, and 4-oxo-2-nonenoic acid (ONA)-MA with this method. The detection of ONO-MA and ONA-MA in humans is significant because it demonstrates that HNE/ONE branching occurs in the breakdown of PUFAs and suggests that ONO may contribute to the harmful effects currently associated with HNE. We were able to show significant decreases in HNE-MA, DHN-MA, and total LPO-MA in a group of seven smokers upon smoking cessation. These data demonstrate the value of HNE and ONE metabolites as in vivo markers of oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather C Kuiper
- Linus Pauling Institute and the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Dorman HD, Hiltunen R. Ocimum basilicum L.: Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant-related Activity. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000500117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocimum basilicum L. leaf material was extracted by maceration with (80:20:1 v/v/v) methanol: water: acetic acid to produce a crude extract (CE), which was further fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction to isolate light petroleum (PE), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH) and H2O-soluble subfractions. The total phenol and flavonoid contents of the resulting samples were estimated using colorimetric-based methods, and their iron(III) reductive and free radical scavenging activities were determined in a battery of in vitro assays. The CE and subfractions contained phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The samples, except for PE, gave a positive result for the presence of flavones and flavonols; however, flavanones only appeared to be present in the CE. In iron(III) reduction, CE and n-BuOH were the most potent followed by EtOAc and H2O (statistically indistinguishable, p > 0.05). However, in the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, H2O was the most potent followed by CE and EtOAc (statistically indistinguishable, p > 0.05) and n-BuOH and PE. In 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging, all the samples, except PE, were effective against this reactive nitrogen species, with CE, EtOAc and n-BuOH being the most potent (statistically indistinguishable, p > 0.05). In alkylperoxyl scavenging, all the samples, except for PE, were effective against this reactive oxygen species (ROS). In superoxide anion scavenging, all the samples were capable of scavenging this ROS with CE being the most effective, followed by n-BuOH and H2O (statistically indistinguishable, p > 0.05) and EtOAc and PE. Similarly, in hydroxyl scavenging, all the samples were capable of scavenging this ROS with CE and n-BuOH being the most effective (statistically indistinguishable, p > 0.05) followed by EtOAc and H2O (statistically indistinguishable, p > 0.05) and PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H.J. Damien Dorman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5E), FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Raimo Hiltunen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5E), FIN-00014, Finland
| |
Collapse
|