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Lee N, Kim S, Lee NY, Jo H, Jeong P, Pagire HS, Pagire SH, Ahn JH, Jin MS, Park CS. Activation mechanism and novel binding sites of the BK Ca channel activator CTIBD. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402621. [PMID: 39089879 PMCID: PMC11294680 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channel, which is crucial for urinary bladder smooth muscle relaxation, is a potential target for overactive bladder treatment. Our prior work unveiled CTIBD as a promising BKCa channel activator, altering V 1/2 and G max This study investigates CTIBD's activation mechanism, revealing its independence from the Ca2+ and membrane voltage sensing of the BKCa channel. Cryo-electron microscopy disclosed that two CTIBD molecules bind to hydrophobic regions on the extracellular side of the lipid bilayer. Key residues (W22, W203, and F266) are important for CTIBD binding, and their replacement with alanine reduces CTIBD-mediated channel activation. The triple-mutant (W22A/W203A/F266A) channel showed the smallest V 1/2 shift with a minimal impact on activation and deactivation kinetics by CTIBD. At the single-channel level, CTIBD treatment was much less effective at increasing P o in the triple mutant, mainly because of a drastically increased dissociation rate compared with the WT. These findings highlight CTIBD's mechanism, offering crucial insights for developing small-molecule treatments for BKCa-related pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasaem Lee
- https://ror.org/024kbgz78 School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Kim
- https://ror.org/024kbgz78 School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Young Lee
- https://ror.org/024kbgz78 School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeji Jo
- https://ror.org/024kbgz78 School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Haushabhau S Pagire
- https://ror.org/024kbgz78 Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Suvarna H Pagire
- https://ror.org/024kbgz78 Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- https://ror.org/024kbgz78 Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sun Jin
- https://ror.org/024kbgz78 School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- https://ror.org/024kbgz78 School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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2
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Ferraguto C, Piquemal-Lagoueillat M, Lemaire V, Moreau MM, Trazzi S, Uguagliati B, Ciani E, Bertrand SS, Louette E, Bontempi B, Pietropaolo S. Therapeutic efficacy of the BKCa channel opener chlorzoxazone in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024:10.1038/s41386-024-01956-6. [PMID: 39223257 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by several behavioral abnormalities, including hyperactivity, anxiety, sensory hyper-responsiveness, and autistic-like symptoms such as social deficits. Despite considerable efforts, effective pharmacological treatments are still lacking, prompting the need for exploring the therapeutic value of existing drugs beyond their original approved use. One such repurposed drug is chlorzoxazone which is classified as a large-conductance calcium-dependent potassium (BKCa) channel opener. Reduced BKCa channel functionality has been reported in FXS patients, suggesting that molecules activating these channels could serve as promising treatments for this syndrome. Here, we sought to characterize the therapeutic potential of chlorzoxazone using the Fmr1-KO mouse model of FXS which recapitulates the main phenotypes of FXS, including BKCa channel alterations. Chlorzoxazone, administered either acutely or chronically, rescued hyperactivity and acoustic hyper-responsiveness as well as impaired social interactions exhibited by Fmr1-KO mice. Chlorzoxazone was more efficacious in alleviating these phenotypes than gaboxadol and metformin, two repurposed treatments for FXS that do not target BKCa channels. Systemic administration of chlorzoxazone modulated the neuronal activity-dependent gene c-fos in selected brain areas of Fmr1-KO mice, corrected aberrant hippocampal dendritic spines, and was able to rescue impaired BKCa currents recorded from hippocampal and cortical neurons of these mutants. Collectively, these findings provide further preclinical support for BKCa channels as a valuable therapeutic target for treating FXS and encourage the repurposing of chlorzoxazone for clinical applications in FXS and other related neurodevelopmental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valerie Lemaire
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPHE, INCIA, UMR 5287, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maïté M Moreau
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stefania Trazzi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Uguagliati
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ciani
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Bruno Bontempi
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPHE, INCIA, UMR 5287, Bordeaux, France
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3
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Qi C, Qian C, Steijvers E, Colvin RA, Lee D. Single dopaminergic neuron DAN-c1 in Drosophila larval brain mediates aversive olfactory learning through D2-like receptors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.15.575767. [PMID: 38293177 PMCID: PMC10827047 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.15.575767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The intricate relationship between the dopaminergic system and olfactory associative learning in Drosophila has been an intense scientific inquiry. Leveraging the formidable genetic tools, we conducted a screening of 57 dopaminergic drivers, leading to the discovery of DAN-c1 driver, uniquely targeting the single dopaminergic neuron (DAN) in each brain hemisphere. While the involvement of excitatory D1-like receptors is well-established, the role of D2-like receptors (D2Rs) remains underexplored. Our investigation reveals the expression of D2Rs in both DANs and the mushroom body (MB) of third instar larval brains. Silencing D2Rs in DAN-c1 via microRNA disrupts aversive learning, further supported by optogenetic activation of DAN-c1 during training, affirming the inhibitory role of D2R autoreceptor. Intriguingly, D2R knockdown in the MB impairs both appetitive and aversive learning. These findings elucidate the distinct contributions of D2Rs in diverse brain structures, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms governing associative learning in Drosophila larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | | | | | - Robert A. Colvin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Daewoo Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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4
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Xie C, Kessi M, Yin F, Peng J. Roles of KCNA2 in Neurological Diseases: from Physiology to Pathology. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04120-9. [PMID: 38517617 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily a member 2 (Kv1.2, encoded by KCNA2) is highly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Based on the patch clamp studies, gain-of function (GOF), loss-of-function (LOF), and a mixed type (GOF/LOF) variants can cause different conditions/disorders. KCNA2-related neurological diseases include epilepsy, intellectual disability (ID), attention deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), pain as well as autoimmune and movement disorders. Currently, the molecular mechanisms for the reported variants in causing diverse disorders are unknown. Consequently, this review brings up to date the related information regarding the structure and function of Kv1.2 channel, expression patterns, neuronal localizations, and tetramerization as well as important cell and animal models. In addition, it provides updates on human genetic variants, genotype-phenotype correlations especially highlighting the deep insight into clinical prognosis of KCNA2-related developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, mechanisms, and the potential treatment targets for all KCNA2-related neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changning Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Miriam Kessi
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Intellectual and Development Disabilities Research Center, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China.
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5
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Echeverría F, Gonzalez-Sanabria N, Alvarado-Sanchez R, Fernández M, Castillo K, Latorre R. Large conductance voltage-and calcium-activated K + (BK) channel in health and disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1373507. [PMID: 38584598 PMCID: PMC10995336 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1373507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Large Conductance Voltage- and Calcium-activated K+ (BK) channels are transmembrane pore-forming proteins that regulate cell excitability and are also expressed in non-excitable cells. They play a role in regulating vascular tone, neuronal excitability, neurotransmitter release, and muscle contraction. Dysfunction of the BK channel can lead to arterial hypertension, hearing disorders, epilepsy, and ataxia. Here, we provide an overview of BK channel functioning and the implications of its abnormal functioning in various diseases. Understanding the function of BK channels is crucial for comprehending the mechanisms involved in regulating vital physiological processes, both in normal and pathological conditions, controlled by BK. This understanding may lead to the development of therapeutic interventions to address BK channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Echeverría
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Naileth Gonzalez-Sanabria
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Rosangelina Alvarado-Sanchez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Miguel Fernández
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Karen Castillo
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Ramon Latorre
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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6
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Boff JM, Shrestha AP, Madireddy S, Viswaprakash N, Della Santina L, Vaithianathan T. The Interplay between Neurotransmitters and Calcium Dynamics in Retinal Synapses during Development, Health, and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2226. [PMID: 38396913 PMCID: PMC10889697 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate functionality of the vertebrate retina relies on the interplay between neurotransmitter activity and calcium (Ca2+) dynamics, offering important insights into developmental processes, physiological functioning, and disease progression. Neurotransmitters orchestrate cellular processes to shape the behavior of the retina under diverse circumstances. Despite research to elucidate the roles of individual neurotransmitters in the visual system, there remains a gap in our understanding of the holistic integration of their interplay with Ca2+ dynamics in the broader context of neuronal development, health, and disease. To address this gap, the present review explores the mechanisms used by the neurotransmitters glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, dopamine, and acetylcholine (ACh) and their interplay with Ca2+ dynamics. This conceptual outline is intended to inform and guide future research, underpinning novel therapeutic avenues for retinal-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johane M Boff
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Abhishek P Shrestha
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Saivikram Madireddy
- College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Nilmini Viswaprakash
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | | | - Thirumalini Vaithianathan
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Eye Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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7
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Ren L. The mechanistic basis for the rapid antidepressant-like effects of ketamine: From neural circuits to molecular pathways. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 129:110910. [PMID: 38061484 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Conventional antidepressants that target monoaminergic receptors require several weeks to be efficacious. This lag represents a significant problem in the currently available treatments for serious depression. Ketamine, acting as an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, was shown to have rapid antidepressant-like effects, marking a significant advancement in the study of mood disorders. However, serious side effects and adverse reactions limit its clinical use. Considering the limitations of ketamine, it is crucial to further define the network targets of ketamine. The rapid action of ketamine an as antidepressant is thought to be mediated by the glutamate system. It is believed that synaptic plasticity is essential for the rapid effects of ketamine as an antidepressant. Other mechanisms include the involvement of the γ-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic), 5-HTergic systems, and recent studies have linked astrocytes to ketamine's rapid antidepressant-like effects. The interactions between these systems exert a synergistic rapid antidepressant effect through neural circuits and molecular mechanisms. Here, we discuss the neural circuits and molecular mechanisms underlying the action of ketamine. This work will help explain how molecular and neural targets are responsible for the effects of rapidly acting antidepressants and will aid in the discovery of new therapeutic approaches for major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ren
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu 611137, China.
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8
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Vyas A, Doshi G. A cross talk on the role of contemporary biomarkers in depression. Biomarkers 2024; 29:18-29. [PMID: 38261718 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2024.2308834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Biomarkers can be used to identify determinants of response to various treatments of mental disorders. Evidence to date demonstrates that markers of inflammatory, neurotransmitter, neurotrophic, neuroendocrine, and metabolic function can predict the psychological and physical consequences of depression in individuals, allowing for the development of new therapeutic targets with fewer side effects. Extensive research has included hundreds of potential biomarkers of depression, but their roles in depression, abnormal patients, and how bioinformatics can be used to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis have not been determined or defined. To determine which biomarkers can and cannot be used to predict treatment response, classify patients for specific treatments, and develop targets for new interventions, proprietary strategies, and current research projects need to be tailored.Material and Methods: This review article focuses on - biomarker systems that would help in the further development and expansion of newer targets - which holds great promise for reducing the burden of depression.Results and Discussion: Further, this review point to the inflammatory response, metabolic marker, and microribonucleic acids, long non-coding RNAs, HPA axis which are - related to depression and can serve as future targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Vyas
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Gaurav Doshi
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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9
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Lin TK, Yeh KC, Pai MS, Hsieh PW, Wang SJ. Ursolic acid inhibits the synaptic release of glutamate and prevents glutamate excitotoxicity in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176280. [PMID: 38113967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the effect of ursolic acid, a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid, on glutamate release in rat cortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes) and its neuroprotection in a kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity rat model. In cortical synaptosomes, ursolic acid produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of evoked glutamate release with a half-maximum inhibition of release value of 9.5 μM, and calcium-free medium and the P/Q -type Ca2+ channel blocker, ω-agatoxin IVA, but not ω-conotoxin GVIA, an N-type Ca2+ channel blocker, prevented the ursoloic acid effect. The molecular docking study indicated that ursolic acid interacted with P/Q-type Ca2+ channels. Ursolic acid also significantly decreased the depolarization-induced activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and the subsequent phosphorylation of synapsin I, and the ursolic acid effect on evoked glutamate release was inhibited by the CaMKII inhibitor KN 62 in synaptosomes. In addition, in rats that were intraperitoneally injected with ursolic acid 30 min before kainic acid intraperitoneal injection, cortical neuronal degeneration was attenuated. This effect of ursolic acid in the improvement of kainic acid-induced neuronal damage was associated with the reduction of kainic acid-induced glutamate increase in the cortex of rats; this was characterized by the reduction of glutamate and glutaminase levels and elevation of glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamate transporter 1, glutamate-aspartate transporter, and glutamine synthetase protein levels. These results suggest that ursolic acid inhibits glutamate release from cortical synaptosomes by decreasing P/Q-type Ca2+ channel activity and subsequently suppressing CaMKII and exerts a preventive effect against glutamate neurotoxicity by controlling glutamate levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Kang Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No.510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chieh Yeh
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No.510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shang Pai
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No.510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsieh
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan
| | - Su-Jane Wang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No.510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan.
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10
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Song SH, Augustine GJ. Different mechanisms of synapsin-induced vesicle clustering at inhibitory and excitatory synapses. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113004. [PMID: 37597184 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Synapsins cluster synaptic vesicles (SVs) to provide a reserve pool (RP) of SVs that maintains synaptic transmission during sustained activity. However, it is unclear how synapsins cluster SVs. Here we show that either liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) or tetramerization-dependent cross-linking can cluster SVs, depending on whether a synapse is excitatory or inhibitory. Cell-free reconstitution reveals that both mechanisms can cluster SVs, with tetramerization being more effective. At inhibitory synapses, perturbing synapsin-dependent LLPS impairs SV clustering and synchronization of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release, while preventing synapsin tetramerization does not. At glutamatergic synapses, the opposite is true: synapsin tetramerization enhances clustering of glutamatergic SVs and mobilization of these SVs from the RP, while synapsin LLPS does not. Comparison of inhibitory and excitatory transmission during prolonged synaptic activity reveals that synapsin LLPS serves as a brake to limit GABA release, while synapsin tetramerization enables rapid mobilization of SVs from the RP to sustain glutamate release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ho Song
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - George J Augustine
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore.
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11
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Ferraguto C, Bouleau Y, Peineau T, Dulon D, Pietropaolo S. Hyperacusis in the Adult Fmr1-KO Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome: The Therapeutic Relevance of Cochlear Alterations and BKCa Channels. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11863. [PMID: 37511622 PMCID: PMC10380266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperacusis, i.e., an increased sensitivity to sounds, is described in several neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). The mechanisms underlying hyperacusis in FXS are still largely unknown and effective therapies are lacking. Big conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channels were proposed as a therapeutic target to treat several behavioral disturbances in FXS preclinical models, but their role in mediating their auditory alterations was not specifically addressed. Furthermore, studies on the acoustic phenotypes of FXS animal models mostly focused on central rather than peripheral auditory pathways. Here, we provided an extensive characterization of the peripheral auditory phenotype of the Fmr1-knockout (KO) mouse model of FXS at adulthood. We also assessed whether the acute administration of Chlorzoxazone, a BKCa agonist, could rescue the auditory abnormalities of adult mutant mice. Fmr1-KO mice both at 3 and 6 months showed a hyperacusis-like startle phenotype with paradoxically reduced auditory brainstem responses associated with a loss of ribbon synapses in the inner hair cells (IHCs) compared to their wild-type (WT) littermates. BKCa expression was markedly reduced in the IHCs of KOs compared to WT mice, but only at 6 months, when Chlorzoxazone rescued mutant auditory dysfunction. Our findings highlight the age-dependent and progressive contribution of peripheral mechanisms and BKCa channels to adult hyperacusis in FXS, suggesting a novel therapeutic target to treat auditory dysfunction in NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Ferraguto
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPHE, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Yohan Bouleau
- Neurophysiologie de la Synapse Auditive, Université de Bordeaux, INSERM UA06, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Institut de l'Audition, Centre Institut Pasteur, Inserm UA06, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Thibault Peineau
- Neurophysiologie de la Synapse Auditive, Université de Bordeaux, INSERM UA06, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Institut de l'Audition, Centre Institut Pasteur, Inserm UA06, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Didier Dulon
- Neurophysiologie de la Synapse Auditive, Université de Bordeaux, INSERM UA06, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Institut de l'Audition, Centre Institut Pasteur, Inserm UA06, F-75012 Paris, France
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12
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Mingardi J, Ndoj E, Bonifacino T, Misztak P, Bertoli M, La Via L, Torazza C, Russo I, Milanese M, Bonanno G, Popoli M, Barbon A, Musazzi L. Functional and Molecular Changes in the Prefrontal Cortex of the Chronic Mild Stress Rat Model of Depression and Modulation by Acute Ketamine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10814. [PMID: 37445990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is a primary risk factor in the onset of neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). We have previously used the chronic mild stress (CMS) model of depression in male rats to show that CMS induces morphological, functional, and molecular changes in the hippocampus of vulnerable animals, the majority of which were recovered using acute subanesthetic ketamine in just 24 h. Here, we focused our attention on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain area regulating emotional and cognitive functions, and asked whether vulnerability/resilience to CMS and ketamine antidepressant effects were associated with molecular and functional changes in the mPFC of rats. We found that most alterations induced by CMS in the mPFC were selectively observed in stress-vulnerable animals and were rescued by acute subanesthetic ketamine, while others were found only in resilient animals or were induced by ketamine treatment. Importantly, only a few of these modifications were also previously demonstrated in the hippocampus, while most are specific to mPFC. Overall, our results suggest that acute antidepressant ketamine rescues brain-area-specific glutamatergic changes induced by chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mingardi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Elona Ndoj
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonifacino
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paulina Misztak
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Matteo Bertoli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca La Via
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Carola Torazza
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy
| | - Isabella Russo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
- Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro S. Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Milanese
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giambattista Bonanno
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Popoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Barbon
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Musazzi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
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13
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D’Agostino G, Salvatore S, Calvi P, Condino AM. Inhibition of prejunctional parasympathetic pathways by β 3-adrenoceptor agonists in the isolated pig detrusor: comparison with human detrusor studies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1177653. [PMID: 37234719 PMCID: PMC10206075 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1177653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adrenergic receptors of the β3-subtype (β3-ADRs) seem to represent a new target for a more effective pharmacological treatment of overactive bladder (OAB), a wide spread urinary disorder. A promising opportunity for OAB therapy might rely on the development of selective β3-ADR agonists, but an appropriate preclinical screening, as well as investigation of their pharmacological mechanism(s), is limited by poor availability of human bladder samples and of translational animal models. In this study, we used the porcine urinary bladder as experimental tool to ascertain the functions of β3-ADRs in the control the parasympathetic motor drive. Tritiated acetylcholine ([3H]-ACh), mainly originated from neural stores, was released by electrical field stimulation (EFS) in epithelium-deprived detrusor strips from pigs bred without estrogens. EFS produced simultaneously [3H]-ACh release and smooth muscle contraction allowing to asses neural (pre-junctional) and myogenic (postjunctional) effects in the same experiment. Isoprenaline and mirabegron produced on the EFS-evoked effects a concentration-dependent inhibition antagonized by L-748,337, a high selective β3-ADR antagonist. The analysis of the resultant pharmacodynamic parameters supports the notion that in pig detrusors, as well as in previously described human detrusors, the activation of inhibitory β3-ADRs can modulate neural parasympathetic pathways. In such inhibitory control, the involvement of membrane K+ channels, mainly of the SK type, seems to play a pivotal role similarly to what previously described in humans. Therefore, the isolated porcine detrusor can provide a suitable experimental tool to study the mechanisms underlying the clinical efficacy of selective β3-ADR compounds for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Salvatore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Calvi
- Cellini Clinic, Humanitas Group, Torino, Italy
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14
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Biomolecular condensation involving the cytoskeleton. Brain Res Bull 2023; 194:105-117. [PMID: 36690162 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecular condensation of proteins contributes to the organization of the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. A number of condensation processes appear to be directly involved in regulating the structure, function and dynamics of the cytoskeleton. Liquid-liquid phase separation of cytoskeleton proteins, together with polymerization modulators, promotes cytoskeletal fiber nucleation and branching. Furthermore, the attachment of protein condensates to the cytoskeleton can contribute to cytoskeleton stability and organization, regulate transport, create patterns of functional reaction containers, and connect the cytoskeleton with membranes. Surface-bound condensates can exert and buffer mechanical forces that give stability and flexibility to the cytoskeleton, thus, may play a large role in cell biology. In this review, we introduce the concept and role of cellular biomolecular condensation, explain its special function on cytoskeletal fiber surfaces, and point out potential definition and experimental caveats. We review the current literature on protein condensation processes related to the actin, tubulin, and intermediate filament cytoskeleton, and discuss some of them in the context of neurobiology. In summary, we provide an overview about biomolecular condensation in relation to cytoskeleton structure and function, which offers a base for the exploration and interpretation of cytoskeletal condensates in neurobiology.
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15
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Ancatén-González C, Segura I, Alvarado-Sánchez R, Chávez AE, Latorre R. Ca 2+- and Voltage-Activated K + (BK) Channels in the Nervous System: One Gene, a Myriad of Physiological Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3407. [PMID: 36834817 PMCID: PMC9967218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BK channels are large conductance potassium channels characterized by four pore-forming α subunits, often co-assembled with auxiliary β and γ subunits to regulate Ca2+ sensitivity, voltage dependence and gating properties. BK channels are abundantly expressed throughout the brain and in different compartments within a single neuron, including axons, synaptic terminals, dendritic arbors, and spines. Their activation produces a massive efflux of K+ ions that hyperpolarizes the cellular membrane. Together with their ability to detect changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, BK channels control neuronal excitability and synaptic communication through diverse mechanisms. Moreover, increasing evidence indicates that dysfunction of BK channel-mediated effects on neuronal excitability and synaptic function has been implicated in several neurological disorders, including epilepsy, fragile X syndrome, mental retardation, and autism, as well as in motor and cognitive behavior. Here, we discuss current evidence highlighting the physiological importance of this ubiquitous channel in regulating brain function and its role in the pathophysiology of different neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ancatén-González
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias, Mención Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Ignacio Segura
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Rosangelina Alvarado-Sánchez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
- Doctorado en Ciencias Mención Biofísica y Biología Computacional, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Andrés E. Chávez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Ramon Latorre
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
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16
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Beghi S, Furmanik M, Jaminon A, Veltrop R, Rapp N, Wichapong K, Bidar E, Buschini A, Schurgers LJ. Calcium Signalling in Heart and Vessels: Role of Calmodulin and Downstream Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416139. [PMID: 36555778 PMCID: PMC9783221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death worldwide. The success of medication and other preventive measures introduced in the last century have not yet halted the epidemic of cardiovascular disease. Although the molecular mechanisms of the pathophysiology of the heart and vessels have been extensively studied, the burden of ischemic cardiovascular conditions has risen to become a top cause of morbidity and mortality. Calcium has important functions in the cardiovascular system. Calcium is involved in the mechanism of excitation-contraction coupling that regulates numerous events, ranging from the production of action potentials to the contraction of cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. Both in the heart and vessels, the rise of intracellular calcium is sensed by calmodulin, a protein that regulates and activates downstream kinases involved in regulating calcium signalling. Among them is the calcium calmodulin kinase family, which is involved in the regulation of cardiac functions. In this review, we present the current literature regarding the role of calcium/calmodulin pathways in the heart and vessels with the aim to summarize our mechanistic understanding of this process and to open novel avenues for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Beghi
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3408473527
| | - Malgorzata Furmanik
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Armand Jaminon
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rogier Veltrop
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolas Rapp
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kanin Wichapong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Elham Bidar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annamaria Buschini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Leon J. Schurgers
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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17
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Biswas D, Kumari N, Lachén-Montes M, Dutta S, Agrawal I, Samanta D, Shenoy SV, Halder A, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Padhye AR, Santamaría E, Srivastava S. Deep Phosphoproteome Landscape of Interhemispheric Functionality of Neuroanatomical Regions of the Human Brain. J Proteome Res 2022; 22:1043-1055. [PMID: 36317652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are one of the compulsive and predominant biological processes that regulate the diverse molecular mechanism, modulate the onset of disease, and are the reason behind the functional diversity of proteins. Despite the widespread research findings in neuroproteomics, one of the key drawbacks has been the lack of proteome-level knowledge of hemispheric lateralization. We have investigated the proteome level expression in different neuroanatomical regions under the Human Brain Proteome Project (HBPP) and developed the global interhemispheric brain proteome map (Brainprot) earlier. Furthermore, this study has extended to decipher the phosphoproteome map of human brain interhemispheric regions through high-resolution mass spectrometry. The phosphoproteomics examination of 12 unique interhemispheric neurological brain regions using Orbitrap fusion liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry provided comprehensive coverage of 996 phosphoproteins, 2010 phosphopeptides, and 3567 phosphosites. Moreover, interhemispheric phosphoproteome profiling has been categorized according to synaptic ontologies and interhemispheric expression to understand the functionality. Finally, we have integrated the phosphosites data under the PhosphoMap section in the Inter-Hemispheric Brain Proteome Map Portal (https://www.brainprot.org/) for the advancement and support of the ongoing neuroproteomics research worldwide. Data is available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD031188.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeptarup Biswas
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai400076, India
| | - Neha Kumari
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai400076, India
| | - Mercedes Lachén-Montes
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sampurna Dutta
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Ishita Agrawal
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi221005, India
| | - Debabrata Samanta
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal721302, India
| | - Sanjyot Vinayak Shenoy
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai400076, India
| | - Ankit Halder
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai400076, India
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008Pamplona, Spain
| | - Advait Rahul Padhye
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai400076, India
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sanjeeva Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai400076, India
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18
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Sun L, Chen M, Wang H, Dong J, Zhao L, Peng R. CaMKIIδ Promotes Synaptic Plasticity under Terahertz Wave Radiation by Activation of the NF-κB Pathway. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:5925-5931. [PMID: 35731851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz waves have been attracting more attention because of their growing applications in brain science. Most of the studies have demonstrated that terahertz waves have a certain positive impact on neurons. They can promote the growth of ganglion processes and the release of neurotransmitters, but the specific mechanism is still largely unexplored. Our study found that terahertz waves could promote neuronal excitability. Moreover, numerous differentially expressed proteins were uncovered via proteomic analysis. Among them, CaMKIIδ is a subunit of CaMKII and could promote the release of neuronal transmitters, regulate the excitability of neurons, and enhance synaptic plasticity. We further demonstrated that CaMKIIδ actively increased synaptic plasticity through the NF-κB pathway. This study provided a potential target for nerve repair and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Sun
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ji Dong
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ruiyun Peng
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
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19
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Sancho M, Kyle BD. The Large-Conductance, Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel: A Big Key Regulator of Cell Physiology. Front Physiol 2021; 12:750615. [PMID: 34744788 PMCID: PMC8567177 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.750615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels facilitate the efflux of K+ ions from a variety of cells and tissues following channel activation. It is now recognized that BK channels undergo a wide range of pre- and post-translational modifications that can dramatically alter their properties and function. This has downstream consequences in affecting cell and tissue excitability, and therefore, function. While finding the “silver bullet” in terms of clinical therapy has remained elusive, ongoing research is providing an impressive range of viable candidate proteins and mechanisms that associate with and modulate BK channel activity, respectively. Here, we provide the hallmarks of BK channel structure and function generally, and discuss important milestones in the efforts to further elucidate the diverse properties of BK channels in its many forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sancho
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Barry D Kyle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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20
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Chang A, Hung CF, Hsieh PW, Ko HH, Wang SJ. Eupafolin Suppresses P/Q-Type Ca 2+ Channels to Inhibit Ca 2+/ Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II and Glutamate Release at Rat Cerebrocortical Nerve Terminals. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:630-636. [PMID: 34475273 PMCID: PMC8551735 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2021.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Eupafolin, a constituent of the aerial parts of Phyla nodiflora, has neuroprotective property. Because reducing the synaptic release of glutamate is crucial to achieving pharmacotherapeutic effects of neuroprotectants, we investigated the effect of eupafolin on glutamate release in rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes and explored the possible mechanism. We discovered that eupafolin depressed 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-induced glutamate release, and this phenomenon was prevented in the absence of extracellular calcium. Eupafolin inhibition of glutamate release from synaptic vesicles was confirmed through measurement of the release of the fluorescent dye FM 1-43. Eupafolin decreased 4-AP-induced [Ca2+]i elevation and had no effect on synaptosomal membrane potential. The inhibition of P/Q-type Ca2+ channels reduced the decrease in glutamate release that was caused by eupafolin, and docking data revealed that eupafolin interacted with P/Q-type Ca2+ channels. Additionally, the inhibition of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) prevented the effect of eupafolin on evoked glutamate release. Eupafolin also reduced the 4-AP-induced activation of CaMK II and the subsequent phosphorylation of synapsin I, which is the main presynaptic target of CaMKII. Therefore, eupafolin suppresses P/Q-type Ca2+ channels and thereby inhibits CaMKII/synapsin I pathways and the release of glutamate from rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 22060, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsieh
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Huey Ko
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.,Drug Development and Value Creation Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Su-Jane Wang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
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21
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Kudryashova IV. The Reorganization of the Actin Matrix as a Factor of Presynaptic Plasticity. NEUROCHEM J+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712421030089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Wang CC, Hsieh PW, Kuo JR, Wang SJ. Rosmarinic Acid, a Bioactive Phenolic Compound, Inhibits Glutamate Release from Rat Cerebrocortical Synaptosomes through GABA A Receptor Activation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1029. [PMID: 34356653 PMCID: PMC8301814 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid, a major component of rosemary, is a polyphenolic compound with potential neuroprotective effects. Asreducing the synaptic release of glutamate is crucial to achieving neuroprotectant's pharmacotherapeutic effects, the effect of rosmarinic acid on glutamate release was investigated in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes). Rosmarinic acid depressed the 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-induced glutamate release in a concentration-dependent manner. The removal of extracellular calcium and the blockade of vesicular transporters prevented the inhibition of glutamate release by rosmarinic acid. Rosmarinic acid reduced 4-AP-induced intrasynaptosomal Ca2+ elevation. The inhibition of N-, P/Q-type Ca2+ channels and the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) prevented rosmarinic acid from having effects on glutamate release. Rosmarinic acid also reduced the 4-AP-induced activation of CaMKII and the subsequent phosphorylation of synapsin I, the main presynaptic target of CaMKII. In addition, immunocytochemistry confirmed the presence of GABAA receptors. GABAA receptor agonist and antagonist blocked the inhibitory effect of rosmarinic acid on 4-AP-evoked glutamate release. Docking data also revealed that rosmarinic acid formed a hydrogen bond with the amino acid residues of GABAA receptor. These results suggested that rosmarinic acid activates GABAA receptors in cerebrocortical synaptosomes to decrease Ca2+ influx and CaMKII/synapsin I pathway to inhibit the evoked glutamate release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Chuan Wang
- Chi Mei Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Tainan 71004, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (J.-R.K.)
- Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsieh
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Jinn-Rung Kuo
- Chi Mei Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Tainan 71004, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (J.-R.K.)
- Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan
| | - Su-Jane Wang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
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23
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Farag MR, Alagawany M, Bilal RM, Gewida AGA, Dhama K, Abdel-Latif HMR, Amer MS, Rivero-Perez N, Zaragoza-Bastida A, Binnaser YS, Batiha GES, Naiel MAE. An Overview on the Potential Hazards of Pyrethroid Insecticides in Fish, with Special Emphasis on Cypermethrin Toxicity. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071880. [PMID: 34201914 PMCID: PMC8300353 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pyrethroid insecticides are extensively used in controlling agricultural insects and treatment of ectoparasitic infestation in farm animals. However, the unhygienic disposable and seepage of pyrethroids from the agricultural runoff will lead to contamination of the aquatic ecosystems, which will, in turn, induce harmful toxic effects in the exposed living aquatic organisms, including fish. Cypermethrin (CYP) is a commonly and widely used type II pyrethroid insecticide with known dangerous toxic effects on the exposed organisms. Serious hazardous effects of these toxicants have been reported in several fish species leading to high mortalities and economic losses of the exposed fish. Abstract Pesticides are chemicals used to control pests, such as aquatic weeds, insects, aquatic snails, and plant diseases. They are extensively used in forestry, agriculture, veterinary practices, and of great public health importance. Pesticides can be categorized according to their use into three major types (namely insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides). Water contamination by pesticides is known to induce harmful impacts on the production, reproduction, and survivability of living aquatic organisms, such as algae, aquatic plants, and fish (shellfish and finfish species). The literature and information present in this review article facilitate evaluating the toxic effects from exposure to various fish species to different concentrations of pesticides. Moreover, a brief overview of sources, classification, mechanisms of action, and toxicity signs of pyrethroid insecticides in several fish species will be illustrated with special emphasis on Cypermethrin toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada R. Farag
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Rana M. Bilal
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Baghdad ul Jadeed Campus, IUB, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Ahmed G. A. Gewida
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, India;
| | - Hany M. R. Abdel-Latif
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 22758, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud S. Amer
- Laser Application in Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Laser-Enhanced Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Nallely Rivero-Perez
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuaria, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km 1, Ex-Hda. de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo 43600, Hgo, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (N.R.-P.); (M.A.E.N.)
| | - Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuaria, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km 1, Ex-Hda. de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo 43600, Hgo, Mexico;
| | - Yaser S. Binnaser
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medina Al-Munawara 41477, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Mohammed A. E. Naiel
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
- Correspondence: (N.R.-P.); (M.A.E.N.)
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The Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinases II and IV as Therapeutic Targets in Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094307. [PMID: 33919163 PMCID: PMC8122486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CaMKII and CaMKIV are calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases playing a rudimentary role in many regulatory processes in the organism. These kinases attract increasing interest due to their involvement primarily in memory and plasticity and various cellular functions. Although CaMKII and CaMKIV are mostly recognized as the important cogs in a memory machine, little is known about their effect on mood and role in neuropsychiatric diseases etiology. Here, we aimed to review the structure and functions of CaMKII and CaMKIV, as well as how these kinases modulate the animals’ behavior to promote antidepressant-like, anxiolytic-like, and procognitive effects. The review will help in the understanding of the roles of the above kinases in the selected neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, and this knowledge can be used in future drug design.
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25
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Silbern I, Pan KT, Fiosins M, Bonn S, Rizzoli SO, Fornasiero EF, Urlaub H, Jahn R. Protein Phosphorylation in Depolarized Synaptosomes: Dissecting Primary Effects of Calcium from Synaptic Vesicle Cycling. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100061. [PMID: 33582301 PMCID: PMC7995663 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic transmission is mediated by the regulated exocytosis of synaptic vesicles. When the presynaptic membrane is depolarized by an incoming action potential, voltage-gated calcium channels open, resulting in the influx of calcium ions that triggers the fusion of synaptic vesicles (SVs) with the plasma membrane. SVs are recycled by endocytosis. Phosphorylation of synaptic proteins plays a major role in these processes, and several studies have shown that the synaptic phosphoproteome changes rapidly in response to depolarization. However, it is unclear which of these changes are directly linked to SV cycling and which might regulate other presynaptic functions that are also controlled by calcium-dependent kinases and phosphatases. To address this question, we analyzed changes in the phosphoproteome using rat synaptosomes in which exocytosis was blocked with botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) while depolarization-induced calcium influx remained unchanged. BoNT-treatment significantly alters the response of the synaptic phoshoproteome to depolarization and results in reduced phosphorylation levels when compared with stimulation of synaptosomes by depolarization with KCl alone. We dissect the primary Ca2+-dependent phosphorylation from SV-cycling-dependent phosphorylation and confirm an effect of such SV-cycling-dependent phosphorylation events on syntaxin-1a-T21/T23, synaptobrevin-S75, and cannabinoid receptor-1-S314/T322 on exo- and endocytosis in cultured hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Silbern
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany; Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Kuan-Ting Pan
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Maksims Fiosins
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Medical Systems Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Bonn
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Medical Systems Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silvio O Rizzoli
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eugenio F Fornasiero
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany; Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Reinhard Jahn
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.
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26
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Lazarevic V, Yang Y, Flais I, Svenningsson P. Ketamine decreases neuronally released glutamate via retrograde stimulation of presynaptic adenosine A1 receptors. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:7425-7435. [PMID: 34376822 PMCID: PMC8872981 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ketamine produces a rapid antidepressant response in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), but the underlying mechanisms appear multifaceted. One hypothesis, proposes that by antagonizing NMDA receptors on GABAergic interneurons, ketamine disinhibits afferens to glutamatergic principal neurons and increases extracellular glutamate levels. However, ketamine seems also to reduce rapid glutamate release at some synapses. Therefore, clinical studies in MDD patients have stressed the need to identify mechanisms whereby ketamine decreases presynaptic activity and glutamate release. In the present study, the effect of ketamine and its antidepressant metabolite, (2R,6R)-HNK, on neuronally derived glutamate release was examined in rodents. We used FAST methodology to measure depolarization-evoked extracellular glutamate levels in vivo in freely moving or anesthetized animals, synaptosomes to detect synaptic recycling ex vivo and primary cortical neurons to perform functional imaging and to examine intracellular signaling in vitro. In all these versatile approaches, ketamine and (2R,6R)-HNK reduced glutamate release in a manner which could be blocked by AMPA receptor antagonism. Antagonism of adenosine A1 receptors, which are almost exclusively expressed at nerve terminals, also counteracted ketamine's effect on glutamate release and presynaptic activity. Signal transduction studies in primary neuronal cultures demonstrated that ketamine reduced P-T286-CamKII and P-S9-Synapsin, which correlated with decreased synaptic vesicle recycling. Moreover, systemic administration of A1R antagonist counteracted the antidepressant-like actions of ketamine and (2R,6R)-HNK in the forced swim test. To conclude, by studying neuronally released glutamate, we identified a novel retrograde adenosinergic feedback mechanism that mediate inhibitory actions of ketamine on glutamate release that may contribute to its rapid antidepressant action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Lazarevic
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yunting Yang
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ivana Flais
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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27
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Lee N, Lim BH, Lee KS, Shin J, Pagire HS, Pagire SH, Ahn JH, Lee SW, Kang TM, Park CS. Identification and Characterization of a Novel Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel Activator, CTIBD, and Its Relaxation Effect on Urinary Bladder Smooth Muscle. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 99:114-124. [PMID: 33268552 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (BKCa channel) is expressed on various tissues and is involved in smooth muscle relaxation. The channel is highly expressed on urinary bladder smooth muscle cells and regulates the repolarization phase of the spontaneous action potentials that control muscle contraction. To discover novel chemical activators of the BKCa channel, we screened a chemical library containing 8364 chemical compounds using a cell-based fluorescence assay. A chemical compound containing an isoxazolyl benzene skeleton (compound 1) was identified as a potent activator of the BKCa channel and was structurally optimized through a structure-activity relationship study to obtain 4-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazol-5-yl)benzene-1,3-diol (CTIBD). When CTIBD was applied to the treated extracellular side of the channel, the conductance-voltage relationship of the channel shifted toward a negative value, and the maximum conductance increased in a concentration-dependent manner. CTIBD altered the gating kinetics of the channel by dramatically slowing channel closing without effecting channel opening. The effects of CTIBD on bladder muscle relaxation and micturition function were tested in rat tissue and in vivo. CTIBD concentration-dependently reduced acetylcholine-induced contraction of urinary bladder smooth muscle strips. In an acetic acid-induced overactive bladder (OAB) model, intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg CTIBD effectively restored frequent voiding contraction and lowered voiding volume without affecting other bladder function parameters. Thus, our results indicate that CTIBD and its derivatives are novel chemical activators of the bladder BKCa channel and potential candidates for OAB therapeutics. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The novel BKCa channel activator CTIBD was identified and characterized in this study. CTIBD directly activates the BKCa channel and relaxes urinary bladder smooth muscle of rat, so CTIBD can be a potential candidate for overactive bladder therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasaem Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Bong Hee Lim
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Kyu-Sung Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Jimin Shin
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Haushabhau S Pagire
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Suvarna H Pagire
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Sung Won Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Tong Mook Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
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28
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Abstract
Melatonin (Mel) promotes sleep through G protein-coupled receptors. However, the downstream molecular target(s) is unknown. We identified the Caenorhabditis elegans BK channel SLO-1 as a molecular target of the Mel receptor PCDR-1-. Knockout of pcdr-1, slo-1, or homt-1 (a gene required for Mel synthesis) causes substantially increased neurotransmitter release and shortened sleep duration, and these effects are nonadditive in double knockouts. Exogenous Mel inhibits neurotransmitter release and promotes sleep in wild-type (WT) but not pcdr-1 and slo-1 mutants. In a heterologous expression system, Mel activates the human BK channel (hSlo1) in a membrane-delimited manner in the presence of the Mel receptor MT1 but not MT2 A peptide acting to release free Gβγ also activates hSlo1 in a MT1-dependent and membrane-delimited manner, whereas a Gβλ inhibitor abolishes the stimulating effect of Mel. Our results suggest that Mel promotes sleep by activating the BK channel through a specific Mel receptor and Gβλ.
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29
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Arnol D, Schapiro D, Bodenmiller B, Saez-Rodriguez J, Stegle O. Modeling Cell-Cell Interactions from Spatial Molecular Data with Spatial Variance Component Analysis. Cell Rep 2020; 29:202-211.e6. [PMID: 31577949 PMCID: PMC6899515 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Technological advances enable assaying multiplexed spatially resolved RNA and protein expression profiling of individual cells, thereby capturing molecular variations in physiological contexts. While these methods are increasingly accessible, computational approaches for studying the interplay of the spatial structure of tissues and cell-cell heterogeneity are only beginning to emerge. Here, we present spatial variance component analysis (SVCA), a computational framework for the analysis of spatial molecular data. SVCA enables quantifying different dimensions of spatial variation and in particular quantifies the effect of cell-cell interactions on gene expression. In a breast cancer Imaging Mass Cytometry dataset, our model yields interpretable spatial variance signatures, which reveal cell-cell interactions as a major driver of protein expression heterogeneity. Applied to high-dimensional imaging-derived RNA data, SVCA identifies plausible gene families that are linked to cell-cell interactions. SVCA is available as a free software tool that can be widely applied to spatial data from different technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Arnol
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Denis Schapiro
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Life Science Zurich Graduate School, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Bodenmiller
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julio Saez-Rodriguez
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK; Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Medicine, Pauwelsstrasse 19, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, Bioquant, 69120 Heidelberg.
| | - Oliver Stegle
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Computational Genomics and Systems Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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30
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Dunn DM, Munger J. Interplay Between Calcium and AMPK Signaling in Human Cytomegalovirus Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:384. [PMID: 32850483 PMCID: PMC7403205 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling networks broadly regulate numerous aspects of cell biology. Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection has been found to actively manipulate the calcium-AMPK signaling axis to support infection. Many HCMV genes have been linked to modulating calcium signaling, and HCMV infection has been found to be reliant on calcium signaling and AMPK activation. Here, we focus on the cell biology of calcium and AMPK signaling and what is currently known about how HCMV modulates these pathways to support HCMV infection and potentially contribute to oncomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Joshua Munger
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
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31
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Fernández-Fernández D, Lamas JA. Metabotropic Modulation of Potassium Channels During Synaptic Plasticity. Neuroscience 2020; 456:4-16. [PMID: 32114098 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Besides their primary function mediating the repolarization phase of action potentials, potassium channels exquisitely and ubiquitously regulate the resting membrane potential of neurons and therefore have a key role establishing their intrinsic excitability. This group of proteins is composed of a very diverse collection of voltage-dependent and -independent ion channels, whose specific distribution is finely tuned at the level of the synapse. Both at the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes, different types of potassium channels are subjected to modulation by second messenger signaling cascades triggered by metabotropic receptors, which in this way serve as a link between neurotransmitter actions and changes in the neuron membrane excitability. On the one hand, by regulating the resting membrane potential of the postsynaptic membrane, potassium channels appear to be critical towards setting the threshold for the induction of long-term potentiation and depression. On the other hand, these channels maintain the presynaptic membrane potential under control, therefore influencing the probability of neurotransmitter release underlying different forms of short-term plasticity. In the present review, we examine in detail the role of metabotropic receptors translating their activation by different neurotransmitters into a final effect modulating several types of potassium channels. Furthermore, we evaluate the consequences that this interplay has on the induction and maintenance of different forms of synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fernández-Fernández
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
| | - J A Lamas
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, Vigo, Galicia, Spain
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32
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Vilquin JT, Bayer AC, Le Panse R, Berrih-Aknin S. The Muscle Is Not a Passive Target in Myasthenia Gravis. Front Neurol 2020; 10:1343. [PMID: 31920954 PMCID: PMC6930907 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease mediated by pathogenic antibodies (Ab) directed against components of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), mainly the acetylcholine receptor (AChR). The etiological mechanisms are not totally elucidated, but they include a combination of genetic predisposition, triggering event(s), and hormonal components. MG disease is associated with defective immune regulation, chronic cell activation, inflammation, and the thymus is frequently abnormal. MG is characterized by muscle fatigability that is very invalidating and can be life-threatening when respiratory muscles are affected. MG is not cured, and symptomatic treatments with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and immunosuppressors are life-long medications associated with severe side effects (especially glucocorticoids). While the muscle is the ultimate target of the autoimmune attack, its place and role are not thoroughly described, and this mini-review will focus on the cascade of pathophysiologic mechanisms taking place at the NMJ and its consequences on the muscle biology, function, and regeneration in myasthenic patients, at the histological, cellular, and molecular levels. The fine structure of the synaptic cleft is damaged by the Ab binding that is coupled to focal complement-dependent lysis in the case of MG with anti-AChR antibodies. Cellular and molecular reactions taking place in the muscle involve several cell types as well as soluble factors. Finally, the regenerative capacities of the MG muscle tissue may be altered. Altogether, the studies reported in this review demonstrate that the muscle is not a passive target in MG, but interacts dynamically with its environment in several ways, activating mechanisms of compensation that limit the pathogenic mechanisms of the autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Thomas Vilquin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Association Institut de Myologie (AIM), Paris, France
| | | | - Rozen Le Panse
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Association Institut de Myologie (AIM), Paris, France
| | - Sonia Berrih-Aknin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Association Institut de Myologie (AIM), Paris, France
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33
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Brzozowski JS, Skelding KA. The Multi-Functional Calcium/Calmodulin Stimulated Protein Kinase (CaMK) Family: Emerging Targets for Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Intervention. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12010008. [PMID: 30621060 PMCID: PMC6469190 DOI: 10.3390/ph12010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of Ca2+ signalling in key events of cancer cell function and tumour progression, such as proliferation, migration, invasion and survival, has recently begun to be appreciated. Many cellular Ca2+-stimulated signalling cascades utilise the intermediate, calmodulin (CaM). The Ca2+/CaM complex binds and activates a variety of enzymes, including members of the multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinase (CaMK) family. These enzymes control a broad range of cancer-related functions in a multitude of tumour types. Herein, we explore the cancer-related functions of these kinases and discuss their potential as targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Brzozowski
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Kathryn A Skelding
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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34
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Clarke SE. Analog Signaling With the "Digital" Molecular Switch CaMKII. Front Comput Neurosci 2018; 12:92. [PMID: 30524260 PMCID: PMC6262075 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2018.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular switches, such as the protein kinase CaMKII, play a fundamental role in cell signaling by decoding inputs into either high or low states of activity; because the high activation state can be turned on and persist after the input ceases, these switches have earned a reputation as "digital." Although this on/off, binary perspective has been valuable for understanding long timescale synaptic plasticity, accumulating experimental evidence suggests that the CaMKII switch can also control plasticity on short timescales. To investigate this idea further, a non-autonomous, nonlinear ordinary differential equation, representative of a general bistable molecular switch, is analyzed. The results suggest that switch activity in regions surrounding either the high- or low-stable states of activation could act as a reliable analog signal, whose short timescale fluctuations relative to equilibrium track instantaneous input frequency. The model makes intriguing predictions and is validated against previous work demonstrating its suitability as a minimal representation of switch dynamics; in combination with existing experimental evidence, the theory suggests a multiplexed encoding of instantaneous frequency information over short timescales, with integration of total activity over longer timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E Clarke
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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35
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Zalcman G, Federman N, Romano A. CaMKII Isoforms in Learning and Memory: Localization and Function. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:445. [PMID: 30564099 PMCID: PMC6288437 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a key protein kinase in neural plasticity and memory, as have been shown in several studies since the first evidence in long-term potentiation (LTP) 30 years ago. However, most of the studies were focused mainly in one of the four isoforms of this protein kinase, the CaMKIIα. Here we review the characteristics and the role of each of the four isoforms in learning, memory and neural plasticity, considering the well known local role of α and β isoforms in dendritic terminals as well as recent findings about the γ isoform as calcium signals transducers from synapse to nucleus and δ isoform as a kinase required for a more persistent memory trace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Zalcman
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noel Federman
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Arturo Romano
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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36
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Arias-Cavieres A, Barrientos GC, Sánchez G, Elgueta C, Muñoz P, Hidalgo C. Ryanodine Receptor-Mediated Calcium Release Has a Key Role in Hippocampal LTD Induction. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:403. [PMID: 30459562 PMCID: PMC6232521 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The induction of both long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission entails pre- and postsynaptic Ca2+ signals, which represent transient increments in cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration. In diverse synapse types, Ca2+ release from intracellular stores contributes to amplify the Ca2+ signals initially generated by activation of neuronal Ca2+ entry pathways. Here, we used hippocampal slices from young male rats to evaluate whether pharmacological activation or inhibition of Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) mediated by ryanodine receptor (RyR) channels modifies LTD induction at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses. Pre-incubation of slices with ryanodine (1 μM, 1 h) or caffeine (1 mM, 30 min) to promote RyR-mediated Ca2+ release facilitated LTD induction by low frequency stimulation (LFS), but did not affect the amplitude of synaptic transmission, the profiles of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) or the paired-pulse (PP) responses. Conversely, treatment with inhibitory ryanodine (20 μM, 1 h) to suppress RyR-mediated Ca2+ release prevented LTD induction, but did not affect baseline synaptic transmission or PP responses. Previous literature reports indicate that LTD induction requires presynaptic CaMKII activity. We found that 1 h after applying the LTD induction protocol, slices displayed a significant increase in CaMKII phosphorylation relative to the levels exhibited by un-stimulated (naïve) slices. In addition, LTD induction (1 h) enhanced the phosphorylation of the presynaptic protein Synapsin I at a CaMKII-dependent phosphorylation site, indicating that LTD induction stimulates presynaptic CaMKII activity. Pre-incubation of slices with 20 μM ryanodine abolished the increased CaMKII and Synapsin I phosphorylation induced by LTD, whereas naïve slices pre-incubated with inhibitory ryanodine displayed similar CaMKII and Synapsin I phosphorylation levels as naïve control slices. We posit that inhibitory ryanodine suppressed LTD-induced presynaptic CaMKII activity, as evidenced by the suppression of Synapsin I phosphorylation induced by LTD. Accordingly, we propose that presynaptic RyR-mediated Ca2+ signals contribute to LTD induction at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Arias-Cavieres
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Genaro C Barrientos
- Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gina Sánchez
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Pathophysiology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Elgueta
- Systemic and Cellular Neurophysiology, Physiology Institute I, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pablo Muñoz
- Pathology and Physiology Department, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Neuroscience and Center of Molecular Studies of the Cell, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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37
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Mechanism of P2X7 receptor-dependent enhancement of neuromuscular transmission in pannexin 1 knockout mice. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:459-469. [PMID: 30362043 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-018-9630-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
P2X7 receptors are present in presynaptic membranes of motor synapses, but their regulatory role in modulation of neurotransmitter release remains poorly understood. P2X7 receptors may interact with pannexin 1 channels to form a purinergic signaling unit. The potential mechanism of P2X7 receptor-dependent modulation of acetylcholine (ACh) release was investigated by recording miniature endplate potentials (MEPPs) and evoked endplate potentials (EPPs) in neuromuscular junctions of wild-type (WT) and pannexin 1 knockout (Panx1-/-) mice. Modulation of P2X7 receptors with the selective inhibitor A740003 or the selective agonist BzATP did not alter the parameters of either spontaneous or evoked ACh release in WT mice. In Panx1-/- mice, BzATP-induced activation of P2X7 receptors resulted in a uniformly increased quantal content of EPPs during a short stimulation train. This effect was accompanied by an increase in the size of the readily releasable pool, while the release probability did not change. Inhibition of calmodulin by W-7 or of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) by KN-93 completely prevented the potentiating effect of BzATP on the EPP quantal content. The blockade of L-type calcium channels also prevented BzATP action on evoked synaptic activity. Thus, the activation of presynaptic P2X7 receptors in mice lacking pannexin 1 resulted in enhanced evoked ACh release. Such enhanced release was provoked by triggering the calmodulin- and CaMKII-dependent signaling pathway, followed by activation of presynaptic L-type calcium channels. We suggest that in WT mice, this pathway is downregulated due to pannexin 1-dependent tonic activation of inhibitory presynaptic purinergic receptors, which overcomes P2X7-mediated effects.
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Yu M, Guo L, Li N, Henzel KS, Gu H, Ran X, Sun W, Liu S, Lu Y, Ehninger D, Zhou Y. Overexpression of Kcnmb2 in Dorsal CA1 of Offspring Mice Rescues Hippocampal Dysfunction Caused by a Methyl Donor-Rich Paternal Diet. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:360. [PMID: 30405352 PMCID: PMC6206260 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BK channels are known regulators of neuronal excitability, synaptic plasticity, and memory. Our previous study showed that a paternal methyl donor-rich diet reduced the expression of Kcnmb2, which encodes BK channel subunit beta 2, and caused memory deficits in offspring mice. To explore the underlying cellular mechanisms, we investigated the intrinsic and synaptic properties of CA1 pyramidal neurons of the F1 offspring mice whose fathers were fed with either a methyl donor-rich diet (MD) or regular control diet (CD) for 6 weeks before mating. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of CA1 pyramidal neurons revealed a decrease in intrinsic excitability and reduced frequency of inhibitory post-synaptic currents in MD F1 mice compared to the CD F1 controls. AAV-based overexpression of Kcnmb2 in dorsal CA1 ameliorated changes in neuronal excitability, synaptic transmission, and plasticity in MD F1 mice. Our findings thus indicate that a transient paternal exposure to a methyl donor-rich diet prior to mating alters Kcnmb2-sensitive hippocampal functions in offspring animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kristin S Henzel
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Huating Gu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiufang Ran
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dan Ehninger
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Brain Sciences and Related Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Tarasova EO, Gaydukov AE, Balezina OP. Calcineurin and Its Role in Synaptic Transmission. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 83:674-689. [PMID: 30195324 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918060056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Calcineurin (CaN) is a serine/threonine phosphatase widely expressed in different cell types and structures including neurons and synapses. The most studied role of CaN is its involvement in the functioning of postsynaptic structures of central synapses. The role of CaN in the presynaptic structures of central and peripheral synapses is less understood, although it has generated a considerable interest and is a subject of a growing number of studies. The regulatory role of CaN in synaptic vesicle endocytosis in the synapse terminals is actively studied. In recent years, new targets of CaN have been identified and its role in the regulation of enzymes and neurotransmitter secretion in peripheral neuromuscular junctions has been revealed. CaN is the only phosphatase that requires calcium and calmodulin for activation. In this review, we present details of CaN molecular structure and give a detailed description of possible mechanisms of CaN activation involving calcium, enzymes, and endogenous and exogenous inhibitors. Known and newly discovered CaN targets at pre- and postsynaptic levels are described. CaN activity in synaptic structures is discussed in terms of functional involvement of this phosphatase in synaptic transmission and neurotransmitter release.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Tarasova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A E Gaydukov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - O P Balezina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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40
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Sclip A, Acuna C, Luo F, Südhof TC. RIM-binding proteins recruit BK-channels to presynaptic release sites adjacent to voltage-gated Ca 2+-channels. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201798637. [PMID: 29967030 PMCID: PMC6092624 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201798637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The active zone of presynaptic nerve terminals organizes the neurotransmitter release machinery, thereby enabling fast Ca2+-triggered synaptic vesicle exocytosis. BK-channels are Ca2+-activated large-conductance K+-channels that require close proximity to Ca2+-channels for activation and control Ca2+-triggered neurotransmitter release by accelerating membrane repolarization during action potential firing. How BK-channels are recruited to presynaptic Ca2+-channels, however, is unknown. Here, we show that RBPs (for RIM-binding proteins), which are evolutionarily conserved active zone proteins containing SH3- and FN3-domains, directly bind to BK-channels. We find that RBPs interact with RIMs and Ca2+-channels via their SH3-domains, but to BK-channels via their FN3-domains. Deletion of RBPs in calyx of Held synapses decreased and decelerated presynaptic BK-currents and depleted BK-channels from active zones. Our data suggest that RBPs recruit BK-channels into a RIM-based macromolecular active zone complex that includes Ca2+-channels, synaptic vesicles, and the membrane fusion machinery, thereby enabling tight spatio-temporal coupling of Ca2+-influx to Ca2+-triggered neurotransmitter release in a presynaptic terminal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sclip
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Claudio Acuna
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,CH Schaller Foundation and Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fujun Luo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Thomas C Südhof
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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41
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Larsson M. Non-canonical heterogeneous cellular distribution and co-localization of CaMKIIα and CaMKIIβ in the spinal superficial dorsal horn. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 223:1437-1457. [PMID: 29151114 PMCID: PMC5869946 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1566-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a key enzyme in long-term plasticity in many neurons, including in the nociceptive circuitry of the spinal dorsal horn. However, although the role of CaMKII heterooligomers in neuronal plasticity is isoform-dependent, the distribution and co-localization of CaMKII isoforms in the dorsal horn have not been comprehensively investigated. Here, quantitative immunofluorescence analysis was used to examine the distribution of the two major neuronal CaMKII isoforms, α and β, in laminae I–III of the rat dorsal horn, with reference to inhibitory interneurons and neuronal populations defined by expression of parvalbumin, calretinin, and calbindin D28k. Unexpectedly, all or nearly all inhibitory and excitatory neurons showed both CaMKIIα and CaMKIIβ immunoreactivity, although at highly variable levels. Lamina III neurons showed less CaMKIIα immunoreactivity than laminae I–II neurons. Whereas CaMKIIα immunoreactivity was found at nearly similar levels in inhibitory and excitatory neurons, CaMKIIβ generally showed considerably lower immunoreactivity in inhibitory neurons. Distinct populations of inhibitory calretinin neurons and excitatory parvalbumin neurons exhibited high CaMKIIα-to-CaMKIIβ immunoreactivity ratios. CaMKIIα and CaMKIIβ immunoreactivity showed positive correlation at GluA2+ puncta in pepsin-treated tissue. These results suggest that, unlike the forebrain, the dorsal horn is characterized by similar expression of CaMKIIα in excitatory and inhibitory neurons, whereas CaMKIIβ is less expressed in inhibitory neurons. Moreover, CaMKII isoform expression varies considerably within and between neuronal populations defined by laminar location, calcium-binding protein expression, and transmitter phenotype, suggesting differences in CaMKII function both between and within neuronal populations in the superficial dorsal horn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Larsson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Neurobiology, Linköping University, SE-581 85, Linköping, Sweden.
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42
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Pratt CP, Kuljis DA, Homanics GE, He J, Kolodieznyi D, Dudem S, Hollywood MA, Barth AL, Bruchez MP. Tagging of Endogenous BK Channels with a Fluorogen-Activating Peptide Reveals β4-Mediated Control of Channel Clustering in Cerebellum. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:337. [PMID: 29163049 PMCID: PMC5671578 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BK channels are critical regulators of neuronal activity, controlling firing, neurotransmitter release, cerebellar function, and BK channel mutations have been linked to seizure disorders. Modulation of BK channel gating is well characterized, regulated by accessory subunit interactions, intracellular signaling pathways, and membrane potential. In contrast, the role of intracellular trafficking mechanisms in controlling BK channel function, especially in live cells, has been less studied. Fluorogen-activating peptides (FAPs) are well-suited for trafficking and physiological studies due to the binding of malachite green (MG)-based dyes with sub-nanomolar affinity to the FAP, resulting in bright, photostable, far-red fluorescence. Cell-excluded MG dyes enable the selective tagging of surface protein and tracking through endocytic pathways. We used CRISPR to insert the FAP at the extracellular N-terminus of BKα in the first exon of its native locus, enabling regulation by the native promoter elements and tag incorporation into multiple splice isoforms. Motor coordination was found to be normal; however, BK channel expression seems to be reduced in some locations. Alternate start site selection or post-translational proteolytic processing resulted in incomplete FAP tagging of the BKα proteins in brain tissues. In Purkinje cell somata, FAP revealed BK channel clustering previously only observed by electron microscopy. Measurement of these clusters in β4+/- and β4-/- mice showed that puncta number and cluster fluorescence intensity on the soma are reduced in β4-/- knockout animals. This novel mouse line provides a versatile fluorescent platform for studying endogenous BK channels in living and fixed tissues. Future studies could apply this line to ex vivo neuronal cultures to study live-cell channel trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Pratt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Dika A Kuljis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Gregg E Homanics
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jianjun He
- Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Dmytro Kolodieznyi
- Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Srikanth Dudem
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
| | - Mark A Hollywood
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
| | - Alison L Barth
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Marcel P Bruchez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Ulian-Benitez S, Bishop S, Foldi I, Wentzell J, Okenwa C, Forero MG, Zhu B, Moreira M, Phizacklea M, McIlroy G, Li G, Gay NJ, Hidalgo A. Kek-6: A truncated-Trk-like receptor for Drosophila neurotrophin 2 regulates structural synaptic plasticity. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006968. [PMID: 28846707 PMCID: PMC5591008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophism, structural plasticity, learning and long-term memory in mammals critically depend on neurotrophins binding Trk receptors to activate tyrosine kinase (TyrK) signaling, but Drosophila lacks full-length Trks, raising the question of how these processes occur in the fly. Paradoxically, truncated Trk isoforms lacking the TyrK predominate in the adult human brain, but whether they have neuronal functions independently of full-length Trks is unknown. Drosophila has TyrK-less Trk-family receptors, encoded by the kekkon (kek) genes, suggesting that evolutionarily conserved functions for this receptor class may exist. Here, we asked whether Keks function together with Drosophila neurotrophins (DNTs) at the larval glutamatergic neuromuscular junction (NMJ). We tested the eleven LRR and Ig-containing (LIG) proteins encoded in the Drosophila genome for expression in the central nervous system (CNS) and potential interaction with DNTs. Kek-6 is expressed in the CNS, interacts genetically with DNTs and can bind DNT2 in signaling assays and co-immunoprecipitations. Ligand binding is promiscuous, as Kek-6 can also bind DNT1, and Kek-2 and Kek-5 can also bind DNT2. In vivo, Kek-6 is found presynaptically in motoneurons, and DNT2 is produced by the muscle to function as a retrograde factor at the NMJ. Kek-6 and DNT2 regulate NMJ growth and synaptic structure. Evidence indicates that Kek-6 does not antagonise the alternative DNT2 receptor Toll-6. Instead, Kek-6 and Toll-6 interact physically, and together regulate structural synaptic plasticity and homeostasis. Using pull-down assays, we identified and validated CaMKII and VAP33A as intracellular partners of Kek-6, and show that they regulate NMJ growth and active zone formation downstream of DNT2 and Kek-6. The synaptic functions of Kek-6 could be evolutionarily conserved. This raises the intriguing possibility that a novel mechanism of structural synaptic plasticity involving truncated Trk-family receptors independently of TyrK signaling may also operate in the human brain. A long-standing paradox had been to explain how brain structural plasticity, learning and long-term memory might occur in Drosophila in the absence of canonical Trk receptors for neurotrophin (NT) ligands. NTs link structure and function in the brain enabling adjustments in cell number, dendritic, axonal and synaptic patterns, in response to neuronal activity. These events are essential for brain development, learning and long-term memory, and are thought to depend on the tyrosine-kinase function of the NT Trk receptors. However, paradoxically, the most abundant Trk isoforms in the adult human brain lack the tyrosine kinase, and their neuronal function is unknown. Remarkably, Drosophila has kinase-less receptors of the Trk family encoded by the kekkon (kek) genes, suggesting that deep evolutionary functional conservation for this receptor class could be unveiled. Here, we show that Kek-6 is a receptor for Drosophila neurotrophin 2 (DNT2) that regulates structural synaptic plasticity via CaMKII and VAP33A. The latter are well-known factors regulating synaptic structure and plasticity and vesicle release. Furthemore, Kek-6 cooperates with the alternative DNT2 receptor Toll-6, and their concerted functions are required to regulate structural homeostasis at the NMJ. Our findings suggest that in mammals truncated Trk-family receptors could also have synaptic functions in neurons independently of Tyrosine kinase signaling. This might reveal a novel mechanism of brain plasticity, with important implications for understanding also the human brain, in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Ulian-Benitez
- NeuroDevelopment Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Bishop
- NeuroDevelopment Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Istvan Foldi
- NeuroDevelopment Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jill Wentzell
- NeuroDevelopment Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Chinenye Okenwa
- NeuroDevelopment Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bangfu Zhu
- NeuroDevelopment Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Moreira
- NeuroDevelopment Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Phizacklea
- NeuroDevelopment Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Graham McIlroy
- NeuroDevelopment Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Guiyi Li
- NeuroDevelopment Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J. Gay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alicia Hidalgo
- NeuroDevelopment Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Zaidman NA, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, O'Grady SM. Large-conductance Ca 2+ -activated K + channel activation by apical P2Y receptor agonists requires hydrocortisone in differentiated airway epithelium. J Physiol 2017; 595:4631-4645. [PMID: 28481415 DOI: 10.1113/jp274200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Hydrocortisone (HC) is required for activation of large-conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ current (BK) by purinergic receptor agonists. HC reduces insertion of the stress-regulated exon (STREX) in the KCNMA1 gene, permitting protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent channel activation. Overlapping and unique purinergic signalling regions exist at the apical border of differentiated surface cells. BK channels localize in the cilia of surface cells. ABSTRACT In the present study we investigated the role of hydrocortisone (HC) on uridine-5'-triphosphate (UTP)-stimulated ion transport in differentiated, pseudostratified epithelia derived from normal human bronchial basal cells. The presence of a UTP-stimulated, paxilline-sensitive large-conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ (BK) current was demonstrated in control epithelia but was not stimulated in epithelia differentiated in the absence of HC (HC0). Addition of the BK channel opener NS11021 directly activated channels in control epithelia; however, under HC0 conditions, activation only occurred when UTP was added after NS11021. The PKC inhibitors GF109203x and Gö6983 blocked BK activation by UTP in control epithelia, suggesting that PKC-mediated phosphorylation plays a permissive role in purinoceptor-stimulated BK activation. Moreover, HC0 epithelia expressed significantly more KCNMA1 containing the stress-regulated exon (STREX), a splice-variant of the α-subunit that displays altered channel regulation by phosphorylation, compared to control epithelia. Furthermore, BK channels as well as purinergic receptors were shown to localize in unique and overlapping domains at the apical membrane of ciliated surface cells. These results establish a previously unrecognized role for glucocorticoids in regulation of BK channels in airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Zaidman
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, 6-125 Jackson Hall, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, 6-125 Jackson Hall, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 660E MCRB, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Scott M O'Grady
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, 6-125 Jackson Hall, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, 480 Haecker Hall, St. Paul, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Zakharova FM, Zakharov VV. Identification of brain proteins BASP1 and GAP-43 in mouse oocytes and zygotes. Russ J Dev Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360417030110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li Z, Yin P, Chen J, Jin S, Liu J, Luo F. CaMKIIα may modulate fentanyl-induced hyperalgesia via a CeLC-PAG-RVM-spinal cord descending facilitative pain pathway in rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177412. [PMID: 28489932 PMCID: PMC5425219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Each of the lateral capsular division of central nucleus of amygdala(CeLC), periaqueductal gray (PAG), rostral ventromedial medulla(RVM) and spinal cord has been proved to contribute to the development of opioid-induced hyperalgesia(OIH). Especially, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (CaMKIIα) in CeLC and spinal cord seems to play a key role in OIH modulation. However, the pain pathway through which CaMKIIα modulates OIH is not clear. The pathway from CeLC to spinal cord for this modulation was explored in the present study. Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia were tested by von Frey test or Hargreaves test, respectively. CaMKIIα activity (phospho-CaMKIIα, p-CaMKIIα) was evaluated by western blot analysis. CaMKIIα antagonist (KN93) was micro-infused into CeLC, spinal cord or PAG, respectively, to evaluate its effect on behavioral hyperalgesia and p-CaMKIIα expression in CeLC, PAG, RVM and spinal cord. Then the underlying synaptic mechanism was explored by recording miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) on PAG slices using whole-cell voltage-clamp methods. Results showed that inhibition of CeLC, PAG or spinal CaMKIIα activity respectively by KN93, reversed both mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. Microinjection of KN93 into CeLC decreased p-CaMKIIα expression in CeLC, PAG, RVM and spinal cord; while intrathecal KN93 can only block spinal but not CeLC CaMKIIα activity. KN93 injected into PAG just decreased p-CaMKIIα expression in PAG, RVM and spinal cord, but not in the CeLC. Similarly, whole-cell voltage-clamp recording found the frequency and amplitude of mEPSCs in PAG cells were decreased by KN93 added in PAG slice or micro-infused into CeLC in vivo. These results together with previous findings suggest that CaMKIIα may modulate OIH via a CeLC-PAG-RVM-spinal cord descending facilitative pain pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pingping Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Chen
- The Laboratory of Membrane Ion Channels and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenglan Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jieqiong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Abstract
Across all kingdoms in the tree of life, calcium (Ca2+) is an essential element used by cells to respond and adapt to constantly changing environments. In multicellular organisms, it plays fundamental roles during fertilization, development and adulthood. The inability of cells to regulate Ca2+ can lead to pathological conditions that ultimately culminate in cell death. One such pathological condition is manifested in Parkinson's disease, the second most common neurological disorder in humans, which is characterized by the aggregation of the protein, α-synuclein. This Review discusses current evidence that implicates Ca2+ in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Understanding the mechanisms by which Ca2+ signaling contributes to the progression of this disease will be crucial for the development of effective therapies to combat this devastating neurological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia V Zaichick
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kaitlyn M McGrath
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Gabriela Caraveo
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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BK Channels Mediate Synaptic Plasticity Underlying Habituation in Rats. J Neurosci 2017; 37:4540-4551. [PMID: 28348135 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3699-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Habituation is a basic form of implicit learning and represents a sensory filter that is disrupted in autism, schizophrenia, and several other mental disorders. Despite extensive research in the past decades on habituation of startle and other escape responses, the underlying neural mechanisms are still not fully understood. There is evidence from previous studies indicating that BK channels might play a critical role in habituation. We here used a wide array of approaches to test this hypothesis. We show that BK channel activation and subsequent phosphorylation of these channels are essential for synaptic depression presumably underlying startle habituation in rats, using patch-clamp recordings and voltage-sensitive dye imaging in slices. Furthermore, positive modulation of BK channels in vivo can enhance short-term habituation. Although results using different approaches do not always perfectly align, together they provide convincing evidence for a crucial role of BK channel phosphorylation in synaptic depression underlying short-term habituation of startle. We also show that this mechanism can be targeted to enhance short-term habituation and therefore to potentially ameliorate sensory filtering deficits associated with psychiatric disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Short-term habituation is the most fundamental form of implicit learning. Habituation also represents a filter for inundating sensory information, which is disrupted in autism, schizophrenia, and other psychiatric disorders. Habituation has been studied in different organisms and behavioral models and is thought to be caused by synaptic depression in respective pathways. The underlying molecular mechanisms, however, are poorly understood. We here identify, for the first time, a BK channel-dependent molecular synaptic mechanism leading to synaptic depression that is crucial for habituation, and we discuss the significance of our findings for potential treatments enhancing habituation.
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Cochet-Escartin O, Carter JA, Chakraverti-Wuerthwein M, Sinha J, Collins EMS. Slo1 regulates ethanol-induced scrunching in freshwater planarians. Phys Biol 2016; 13:055001. [DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/13/5/055001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Li Z, Li C, Yin P, Wang ZJ, Luo F. Inhibition of CaMKIIα in the Central Nucleus of Amygdala Attenuates Fentanyl-Induced Hyperalgesia in Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 359:82-9. [PMID: 27451410 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.233817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) is a less-studied phenomenon that has been reported in both preclinical and clinical studies. Although the underlying cause is not entirely understood, OIH is a real-life problem that affects millions of patients on a daily basis. Research has implicated the important contribution of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (CaMKIIα) to OIH at the level of spinal nociceptors. To expand our understanding of the entire brain circuitry driving OIH, in this study we investigated the role of CaMKIIα in the laterocapcular division of the central amygdala (CeLC), the conjunctive point between the spinal cord and rostro-ventral medulla. OIH was produced by repeated fentanyl administration in the rat. Correlating with the development of mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, CaMKIIα activity was significantly elevated in the CeLC in OIH. In addition, the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) in CeLC neurons were significantly increased in OIH. 2-[N-(2-hidroxyethyl)-N-(4-methoxy-benzenesulfonyl)]-amino-N-(4-chlorocinnamyl)-N-methylbenzylamine, a CaMKIIα inhibitor, dose dependently reversed sensory hypersensitivity, activation of CeLC CaMKIIα, and mEPSCs in OIH. Taken together, our data for the first time implicate a critical role of CeLC CaMKIIα in OIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Z.L., P.Y, F.L.); Laboratory of Membrane Ion Channels and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (C. L.); and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Cancer Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (Z.J.W)
| | - Chenhong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Z.L., P.Y, F.L.); Laboratory of Membrane Ion Channels and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (C. L.); and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Cancer Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (Z.J.W)
| | - Pingping Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Z.L., P.Y, F.L.); Laboratory of Membrane Ion Channels and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (C. L.); and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Cancer Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (Z.J.W)
| | - Zaijie Jim Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Z.L., P.Y, F.L.); Laboratory of Membrane Ion Channels and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (C. L.); and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Cancer Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (Z.J.W)
| | - Fang Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Z.L., P.Y, F.L.); Laboratory of Membrane Ion Channels and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (C. L.); and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Cancer Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (Z.J.W)
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