1
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Liu J, Liu M, Shi S, Jiang F, Zhang Y, Guo J, Gong X. Evaluation of the effect of intraoperative tropisetron on postoperative rebound pain after brachial plexus block: a randomized controlled trial. Pain Rep 2024; 9:e1163. [PMID: 38756786 PMCID: PMC11098252 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000001163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Postoperative rebound pain after peripheral nerve block increases patient suffering and delays recovery after surgery. Objectives We tested whether the 5HT-3 receptor antagonist and α7nAChR agonist tropisetron could prevent postoperative rebound pain. Methods A total of 115 patients were randomized to receive 5-mg/5-mL tropisetron or the same volume of normal saline. Pain intensity was measured with the numerical rating scale of pain (NRS). Rebound pain was defined as a change from mild pain (NRS ≤ 3) measured in the postanesthesia care unit to severe pain (NRS ≥ 7) within 24 hours after peripheral nerve blockade. Logistic regression was used to identify relevant factors associated with postoperative rebound pain. Results Tropisetron did not affect the NRS score or the incidence of rebound pain after peripheral nerve block. Logistic regression revealed that preoperative pain, bone surgery, and length of incision were risk factors for postoperative rebound pain, and patient-controlled analgesia was protective against postoperative rebound pain. Conclusion Tropisetron does not affect the incidence of rebound pain after peripheral nerve block. Patients at high risk of postoperative rebound pain should be identified for appropriate management. Registration site: www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2300069994).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Institution of Neuroscience and Brain Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Institution of Neuroscience and Brain Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Shengnan Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Institution of Neuroscience and Brain Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Institution of Neuroscience and Brain Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Institution of Neuroscience and Brain Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Institution of Neuroscience and Brain Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Xingrui Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Institution of Neuroscience and Brain Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
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2
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Luo B. Insights into the advances in therapeutic drugs for neuroinflammation-related diseases. Int J Neurosci 2023:1-26. [PMID: 37722706 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2023.2260088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that neurodegenerative diseases such as AD and PD are related to neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is a common inflammatory condition that can lead to a variety of dysfunction in the body. At present, it is no medications specifically approved to prevent or cure neuroinflammation, so even though many drugs can temporarily control the neurological symptoms of neuroinflammation, but no one can reverse the progress of neuroinflammation, let al.one completely cure neuroinflammation. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new drug development for neuroinflammation treatment. In this review, we highlight the therapeutic advancement in the field of neurodegenerative disorders, by focusing on the impact of neuroinflammation treatment has on these conditions, and the effective drugs for the treatment of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases and their latest research progress are reviewed according to the related signaling pathway, as well as the prospect of their clinical application is also discussed. The purpose of this review is to enable specialists to better understand the mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation and anti-inflammatory drugs, promote the development of therapeutic drugs for neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases, and further provide therapeutic references for clinical neurologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhi Luo
- School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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3
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Ghazipour AM, Pourheydar B, Naderi R. The effect of tropisetron on peripheral diabetic neuropathy: possible protective actions against inflammation and apoptosis. Cell Stress Chaperones 2022; 27:513-521. [PMID: 35972643 PMCID: PMC9485520 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common nerve disorder of diabetes. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of tropisetron in DPN. Type 1 diabetes was created by a single injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg, ip). Tropisetron (3 mg/kg, ip) was administered daily for 2 weeks. Our analysis showed that nerve fibers and their myelin sheaths were thinned with decreased myelinated fiber number in diabetic animals. The intensity of Bcl-2 staining decreased and the intensity of Bax staining increased in the sciatic nerves of diabetic rats by using immunohistochemical staining. Furthermore, diabetes significantly increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1-β (TNFα and IL-1β) and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in sciatic nerves of rats. However, intraperitoneal injection of tropisetron significantly reversed these alterations induced by diabetes. These findings suggest that tropisetron attenuates diabetes-induced peripheral nerve injury through its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, and may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to ameliorate the process of peripheral neuropathy in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bagher Pourheydar
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Roya Naderi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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4
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Salama A, Elgohary R, M Amin M, Elwahab SA. Immunomodulatory effect of protocatechuic acid on cyclophosphamide induced brain injury in rat: Modulation of inflammosomes NLRP3 and SIRT1. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 932:175217. [PMID: 36007603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Modulation of the inflammasome NLRP3 and SIRT1 are new combat strategy for brain injury protection. The inflammasome activates proinflammatory cytokines releasing interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 which in turn affect the toxins release from immune cells. In addition, SIRT1 controls many biological functions, such as immune response and oxidative stress. Protocatechuic has versatile biological activities and possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. So this work aims to study immunomodulatory effect of protocatechuic acid on cyclophosphamide chemotherapy drug-induced brain injury via modulation of inflammosomes NLRP3 and SIRT1. Rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups. Normal control group was injected with a single i.p injection of saline. Cyclophosphamide group was injected with a single i.p injection of cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg). Protocatechuic acid groups were orally administered (50 &100 mg/kg) once daily for 10 consecutive days after cyclophosphamide injection. Protocatechuic acid administration exhibited improvements of the cognition function and memory, a reduction in brain contents of MDA, NLRP3, IL-1 β, NF-κB, IKBKB and Galectin 3 and an elevation of GSH and SIRT1 compared to cyclophosphamide group. In addition, protocatechuic acid administration ameliorated the elevation of caspase 3 and iNOS gene expression and alleviated the neuron degeneration caused by cyclophosphamide. In conclusion, the therapeutic action of protocatechuic acid and its cellular and molecular mechanisms are new insights against various human ailments, especially, neuroprotective disease as brain injury induced by cyclophosphamide chemotherapy drug in rats through modulation of inflammosomes NLRP3 and SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M Amin
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar Abd Elwahab
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Yu D, Gong X, Zhang Y, Li Q, Zhang M. Tropisetron Preconditioning Decreases Myocardial Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing Heart Valve Replacement Surgery. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:690272. [PMID: 35425785 PMCID: PMC9002259 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.690272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardioplegic arrest during the heart valve replacement surgery frequently leads to myocardial damage. Tropisetron (TRP) has been demonstrated to reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and inflammation in animals. We examined the efficacy of TRP in lowering myocardial biomarkers in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery. Methods A total of seventy-five patients, scheduled for elective heart valve replacement surgery, were randomly chosen to receive either 10 ml of normal saline or 10 mg/10 ml of TRP immediately after anesthesia induction. Blood samples for the measurement of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were taken before anesthesia, as well as 4, 12, and 24 h after aortic cross-clamp release to evaluate myocardial injury using two-way ANOVA for repeated measurements. The study was registered at www.chictr.org.cn (number, ChiCTR-1800018681). Results Treatment with TRP decreased the increment of cTnI (Fgroup = 4.911, p = 0.030; Ftime = 55.356, p = 0.001; Fgroup × time = 5.340, p = 0.002) at 12 and 24 h; of CK-MB (Fgroup = 6.552, p = 0.013; Ftime = 49.276, p = 0.001; Fgroup × time = 7.627, p = 0.003) at 4, 12, and 24 h; of TNF-α (Fgroup = 4.153, p = 0.046; Ftime = 28.244, p = 0.002; Fgroup × time = 4.692, p = 0.006) at 4 and 12 h; and of LDH (Fgroup = 4.275, p = 0.043; Ftime = 63.225, p = 0.001; Fgroup × time = 2.501, p = 0.083) at 24 h after the release of the aortic cross-clamp. It increased IL-10 (Fgroup = 5.958, p = 0.018; Ftime = 31.226, p = 0.002; Fgroup × time = 1.464, p = 0.236) at 12 h after the release of the aortic cross-clamp. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time was a risk factor, and that TRP treatment was a protective factor for postoperative cTNI change (β = 4.449, 95% CI [0.97–7.92], p = 0.013 for CPB time; and β = −381, 95% CI [−613.4 to −148.5], p = 0.002 for TRP treatment). Conclusions Tropisetron had cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery with cardioplegic arrest. The addition of TRP and reduction of CPB time should be considered for myocardial protection in heart valve replacement surgery. Clinical Trial Registration [www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx], identifier [ChiCTR1800018681].
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei No. 3 People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingrui Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Mazhang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children' Medical Central, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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6
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Entezari Z, Jahanabadi S. Anticonvulsant Effect of Minocycline on Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizure in Mice: Involvement of 5-HT3 Receptor. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2022; 72:268-273. [PMID: 35426093 DOI: 10.1055/a-1783-7836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Minocycline, widely used as an antibiotic, has recently been found to have an anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and anticonvulsant effects. This study was aimed to investigate the anticonvulsant effect of acute administration of minocycline on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures considering the possible involvement of 5-HT3 receptor in this effect. For this purpose, seizures were induced by intravenous PTZ infusion. All drugs were administrated by intraperitoneal (i.p.) route before PTZ injection. Also, 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-biguanide (mCPBG, a 5-HT3 receptor agonist) and Tropisetron (a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist) were used 45 minutes before minocycline treatment. Our results demonstrate that acute minocycline treatment (80 and 120 mg/kg) increased the seizure threshold. In addition, the 5-HT3 antagonist, tropisetron, at doses that had no effect on seizure threshold, augmented the anticonvulsant effect of minocycline (40 mg/kg), while mCPBG (0.2 mg/kg) blunted the anticonvulsant effect of minocycline (80 mg/kg). In conclusion, our findings revealed that the anticonvulsant effect of minocycline is mediated, at least in part, by inhibition of 5-HT3 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Entezari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Samane Jahanabadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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7
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Rahimian R, Belliveau C, Chen R, Mechawar N. Microglial Inflammatory-Metabolic Pathways and Their Potential Therapeutic Implication in Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:871997. [PMID: 35782423 PMCID: PMC9245023 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.871997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence supports the notion that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), at least in a subset of patients. By virtue of their capacity to transform into reactive states in response to inflammatory insults, microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, play a pivotal role in the induction of neuroinflammation. Experimental studies have demonstrated the ability of microglia to recognize pathogens or damaged cells, leading to the activation of a cytotoxic response that exacerbates damage to brain cells. However, microglia display a wide range of responses to injury and may also promote resolution stages of inflammation and tissue regeneration. MDD has been associated with chronic priming of microglia. Recent studies suggest that altered microglial morphology and function, caused either by intense inflammatory activation or by senescence, may contribute to depression and associated impairments in neuroplasticity. In this context, modifying microglia phenotype by tuning inflammatory pathways might have important translational relevance to harness neuroinflammation in MDD. Interestingly, it was recently shown that different microglial phenotypes are associated with distinct metabolic pathways and analysis of the underlying molecular mechanisms points to an instrumental role for energy metabolism in shaping microglial functions. Here, we review various canonical pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and metabolic pathways in microglia that may provide new therapeutic opportunities to control neuroinflammation in brain disorders, with a strong focus on MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rahimian
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Verdun, QC, Canada
| | - Claudia Belliveau
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Verdun, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rebecca Chen
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Verdun, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Naguib Mechawar
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Verdun, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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8
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Irving H, Turek I, Kettle C, Yaakob N. Tapping into 5-HT 3 Receptors to Modify Metabolic and Immune Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111910. [PMID: 34769340 PMCID: PMC8584345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptors are ligand gated ion channels, which clearly distinguish their mode of action from the other G-protein coupled 5-HT or serotonin receptors. 5-HT3 receptors are well established targets for emesis and gastrointestinal mobility and are used as adjunct targets in treating schizophrenia. However, the distribution of these receptors is wider than the nervous system and there is potential that these additional sites can be targeted to modulate inflammatory and/or metabolic conditions. Recent progress in structural biology and pharmacology of 5-HT3 receptors have provided profound insights into mechanisms of their action. These advances, combined with insights into clinical relevance of mutations in genes encoding 5-HT3 subunits and increasing understanding of their implications in patient's predisposition to diseases and response to the treatment, open new avenues for personalized precision medicine. In this review, we recap on the current status of 5-HT3 receptor-based therapies using a biochemical and physiological perspective. We assess the potential for targeting 5-HT3 receptors in conditions involving metabolic or inflammatory disorders based on recent findings, underscoring the challenges and limitations of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Irving
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3550, Australia; (I.T.); (C.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ilona Turek
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3550, Australia; (I.T.); (C.K.)
| | - Christine Kettle
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3550, Australia; (I.T.); (C.K.)
| | - Nor Yaakob
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
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9
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Rahimian R, Wakid M, O'Leary LA, Mechawar N. The emerging tale of microglia in psychiatric disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:1-29. [PMID: 34536460 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As the professional phagocytes of the brain, microglia orchestrate the immunological response and play an increasingly important role in maintaining homeostatic brain functions. Microglia are activated by pathological events or slight alterations in brain homeostasis. This activation is dependent on the context and type of stressor or pathology. Through secretion of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, microglia can strongly influence the response to a stressor and can, therefore, determine the pathological outcome. Psychopathologies have repeatedly been associated with long-lasting priming and sensitization of cerebral microglia. This review focuses on the diversity of microglial phenotype and function in health and psychiatric disease. We first discuss the diverse homeostatic functions performed by microglia and then elaborate on context-specific spatial and temporal microglial heterogeneity. Subsequently, we summarize microglia involvement in psychopathologies, namely major depressive disorder, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, with a particular focus on post-mortem studies. Finally, we postulate microglia as a promising novel therapeutic target in psychiatry through antidepressant and antipsychotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rahimian
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada
| | - Marina Wakid
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Liam Anuj O'Leary
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Naguib Mechawar
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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10
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Mohamed RA, Abdallah DM, El-brairy AI, Ahmed KA, El-Abhar HS. Palonosetron/Methyllycaconitine Deactivate Hippocampal Microglia 1, Inflammasome Assembly and Pyroptosis to Enhance Cognition in a Novel Model of Neuroinflammation. Molecules 2021; 26:5068. [PMID: 34443654 PMCID: PMC8401912 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Since westernized diet-induced insulin resistance is a risk factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) development, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) coexists with amyloid β (Aβ)1-42 in these patients, our AD novel model was developed to resemble sporadic AD by injecting LPS into high fat/fructose diet (HFFD)-fed rats. The neuroprotective potential of palonosetron and/or methyllycaconitine, 5-HT3 receptor and α7 nAChR blockers, respectively, was evaluated after 8 days of daily administration in HFFD/LPS rats. All regimens improved histopathological findings and enhanced spatial memory (Morris Water Maze); however, palonosetron alone or with methyllycaconitine promoted animal performance during novel object recognition tests. In the hippocampus, all regimens reduced the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and skewed microglia M1 to M2 phenotype, indicated by the decreased M1 markers and the enhanced M2 related parameters. Additionally, palonosetron and its combination regimen downregulated the expression of ASC/TMS1, as well as levels of inflammasome downstream molecules and abated cleaved caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18 and caspase-11. Furthermore, ACh and 5-HT were augmented after being hampered by the insult. Our study speculates that blocking 5-HT3 receptor using palonosetron overrides methyllycaconitine to combat AD-induced neuroinflammation and inflammasome cascade, as well as to restore microglial function in a HFFD/LPS novel model for sporadic AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem A. Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 26 July Mehwar Road Intersection with Wahat Road, 6th of October City, Giza 12451, Egypt; (R.A.M.); (A.I.E.-b.)
| | - Dalaal M. Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Κasr El-Aini Str., Cairo 11562, Egypt;
| | - Amany I. El-brairy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 26 July Mehwar Road Intersection with Wahat Road, 6th of October City, Giza 12451, Egypt; (R.A.M.); (A.I.E.-b.)
| | - Kawkab A. Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
| | - Hanan S. El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Κasr El-Aini Str., Cairo 11562, Egypt;
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11
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Sviridova A, Rogovskii V, Kudrin V, Pashenkov M, Boyko A, Melnikov M. The role of 5-HT 2B-receptors in fluoxetine-mediated modulation of Th17- and Th1-cells in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 356:577608. [PMID: 34000471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, which also has an immunomodulatory effect. We investigated the effects of fluoxetine and serotonin (5-HT) on the pro-inflammatory Th17- and Th1-cells in 30 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 20 healthy subjects. Fluoxetine and 5-HT suppressed IL-17, IFN-γ and GM-CSF production by stimulated СD4+ T-cells in both groups. Blockade of 5-HT2B-receptors decreased the inhibitory effect of fluoxetine on cytokine production in MS patients. Finally, 5-HT2B-receptor activation inhibits IL-17, IFN-γ and GM-CSF production in both groups. These data suggest an anti-inflammatory role for fluoxetine in MS, which could be mediated by the activation of 5-HT2B-receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Sviridova
- Federal Center of Brain research and Neurotechnology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Department of Neuroimmunology, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Rogovskii
- Federal Center of Brain research and Neurotechnology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Department of Neuroimmunology, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Kudrin
- V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neurochemical Pharmacology Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Pashenkov
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Boyko
- Federal Center of Brain research and Neurotechnology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Department of Neuroimmunology, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Melnikov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia; National Research Center Institute of Immunology of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Moscow, Russia.
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12
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Ma L, Li S, Li J, Zhang G, Hou H, Ye Z. Involvement of 5-Serotonin and Substance p Pathways in Dichroa Alkali Salt-Induced Acute Pica in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:588837. [PMID: 33967747 PMCID: PMC8100679 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.588837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dichroa alkali salt (DAS) is the active ingredient of Changshan, a traditional Chinese antimalarial medicine. However, owing to its vomiting side effects, its clinical use is limited. Recently, DAS-induced vomiting has attracted broad attention; however, the mechanisms involved have not yet been elucidated. The present study aimed to explore DAS induced vomiting and decipher the potential role of the 5-serotonin (5-HT) and substance p (SP) signaling pathways. We used a combination of approaches in the context of a rat pica model, such as immunoblot analysis, HPLC-ECD, ELISA, quantitative real-time PCR, pharmacological inhibition, and immunohistochemistry assays. We demonstrated that DAS contributed to Changshan-induced vomiting via the activation of the 5-HT and SP signaling pathways. DAS could induce a dose-dependent kaolin intake in the rat pica model. Moreover, DAS caused a similar profile as Cisplatin (DDP): “low-dose double-peak, high-dose single-peak pica phenomenon”. Interestingly, treatment with DAS stimulated the peripheral ileum and central medulla oblongata and augmented the release of 5-HT, SP, and preprotachykinin-A and the expression of 5-HT3 and NK1 receptors in the two issues in acute phase. Additionally, the 5-HT3 and NK1 receptor antagonists effectively alleviated DAS-induced kaolin intake and significantly reduced DAS-induced 5-HT and SP levels in the two issues in acute phase. Similar responses were not observed in the context of dopamine receptor inhibition. This study innovatively revealed that the 5-HT and SP-mediated vomiting network plays an important role in DAS-induced acute vomiting; of note, ondansetron, and aprepitant can effectively antagonize DAS-induced vomiting. Our results suggest a potential therapeutic strategy (based on drugs approved for human use) to prevent the DAS-associated adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Post-doctoral Scientific Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sidi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangping Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongping Hou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zuguang Ye
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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13
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Gao L, Shi H, Sherchan P, Tang H, Peng L, Xie S, Liu R, Hu X, Tang J, Xia Y, Zhang JH. Inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 attenuates neuroinflammation via PGE2/EP2/NOX2 signalling and improves the outcome of intracerebral haemorrhage in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 91:615-626. [PMID: 33035633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1) plays a critical role in proinflammatory processes in the central nervous system by modulating microglia activation. The aim of this study was to explore the anti-inflammatory effects and neurological function improvement of LPA1 inhibition after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) in mice and to determine whether prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), E-type prostaglandin receptor 2 (EP2), and NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) signalling are involved in LPA1-mediated neuroinflammation. ICH was induced in CD1 mice by autologous whole blood injection. AM966, a selective LPA1 antagonist, was administered by oral gavage 1 h and 12 h after ICH. The LPA1 endogenous ligand, LPA was administered to verify the effect of LPA1 activation. To elucidate potential inflammatory mechanisms of LPA1, the selective EP2 activator butaprost was administered by intracerebroventricular injection with either AM966 or LPA1 CRISPR knockout (KO). Water content of the brain, neurobehavior, immunofluorescence staining, and western blot were performed. After ICH, EP2 was expressed in microglia whereas LPA1 was expressed in microglia, neurons, and astrocytes, which peaked after 24 h. AM966 inhibition of LPA1 improved neurologic function, reduced brain oedema, and suppressed perihematomal inflammatory cells after ICH. LPA administration aggravated neurological deficits after ICH. AM966 treatment and LPA1 CRISPR KO both decreased the expressions of PGE2, EP2, NOX2, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β expressions after ICH, which was reversed by butaprost. This study demonstrated that inhibition of LPA1 attenuated neuroinflammation caused by ICH via PGE2/EP2/NOX2 signalling pathway in mice, which consequently improved neurobehavioral functions and alleviated brain oedema. LPA1 may be a promising therapeutic target to attenuate ICH-induced secondary brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou 570208, China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Prativa Sherchan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou 570208, China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Li Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou 570208, China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Shucai Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou 570208, China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou 570208, China.
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; Department of Neurosurgery and Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
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Abad IP, Fam RL, Nguyen DT, Nowell CJ, Trinh PN, Manallack DT, Freihat LA, Chakrabarti J, Jamil A, Exintaris B, Yaakob NS, Irving HR. Visualising functional 5-HT3 receptors containing A and C subunits at or near the cell surface. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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Rahimian R, Fakhfouri G, Zirak MR. 5-HT 3 receptor antagonists in major depressive disorder: The untold tales of the underdogs. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 52:102099. [PMID: 32470874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rahimian
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Douglas Hospital, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.
| | - Gohar Fakhfouri
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A1A1, Canada
| | - Mohammad Reza Zirak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Zirak MR, Karimi G, Rahimian R, Jafarian AH, Hayes AW, Mehri S. Tropisetron ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 883:173310. [PMID: 32619674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic cystitis is one of the most important complications of cyclophosphamide, a drug widely used in cancer chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. 5-HT3 antagonists are anti-emetic agents and have been shown to have notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study was designed to investigate the possible protective effects of tropisetron against cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rats. Hemorrhagic cystitis was induced in female rats by cyclophosphamide (270 mg/kg). Tropisetron (2.5, 5 and 7.5 mg/kg), granisetron (2.5 and 5 mg/kg), and ondansetron (5 mg/kg) were injected 15 min before, 4 and 8 h after cyclophosphamide. To evaluate the role of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR), its antagonist, methyllycaconitine (5 mg/kg) was administered 30 min before tropisetron. After 24 h, animals were killed under anesthesia. Macroscopic and histological changes were evaluated. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and Evans blue were measured spectrophotometrically. Furthermore, the protein levels of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (P38 MAPK), p-P38, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), p-STAT3 and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were determined using Western blot. Cyclophosphamide administration significantly induced histopathological damages and increased MDA, p-p38/p38, p-STAT3/STAT3, and PARP levels compared with the saline group. Tropisetron treatment diminished histopathological injuries as well as MDA level, and STAT3 activity compared to cyclophosphamide treated rats. Co-administration of methyllycaconitine with tropisetron, partially or completely reversed the protective effects of tropisetron. Our results showed that prophylactic administration of tropisetron markedly ameliorated the cyclophosphamide-induced bladder hemorrhage and inflammation in rats. These effects of tropisetron were α7nAChR dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Zirak
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Rahimian
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amir Hossein Jafarian
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- University of South Florida College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA; Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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17
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Mirshafa A, Mohammadi H, Shokrzadeh M, Mohammadi E, Talebpour Amiri F, Shaki F. Tropisetron protects against brain aging via attenuating oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation: The role of SIRT1 signaling. Life Sci 2020; 248:117452. [PMID: 32088214 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to elucidate the signaling pathway involved in the anti-aging effect of tropisetron and to clarify whether it affects mitochondrial oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in the aging mouse brain by upregulating Sirtuin 1 or silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1). MATERIALS AND METHODS Aging was induced by d-galactose (DG) at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight/day subcutaneously injected to male mice for six weeks. Tropisetron was simultaneously administered intraperitoneally once a day at three various doses (1, 3 and 5 mg/kg body weight). Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction markers were evaluated. Nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were studied. Besides, the expressions of apoptosis-associated genes (Bax and Bcl-2) and the aging-related gene (SIRT1) were determined by the real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In addition, histopathological alterations were assessed. KEY FINDINGS Tropisetron reversed the induction of oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and overproduction of inflammatory mediators induced by DG in the brain tissue. In addition, tropisetron suppressed DG-induced apoptosis and found to significantly elevate SIRT1 gene expression. Besides, tropisetron could markedly alleviate DG-induced abnormal changes in the brain morphology. SIGNIFICANCE Tropisetron exhibited anti-aging effects in the context of DG-induced senescence in mouse brain through various pathways. Our results suggest that tropisetron may attenuate DG-induced brain aging via SIRT1 signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Mirshafa
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Mohammadi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shokrzadeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mohammadi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri
- Department of Anatomy, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shaki
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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18
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Fakhfouri G, Rahimian R, Dyhrfjeld-Johnsen J, Zirak MR, Beaulieu JM. 5-HT 3 Receptor Antagonists in Neurologic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: The Iceberg Still Lies beneath the Surface. Pharmacol Rev 2019; 71:383-412. [PMID: 31243157 DOI: 10.1124/pr.118.015487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
5-HT3 receptor antagonists, first introduced to the market in the mid-1980s, are proven efficient agents to counteract chemotherapy-induced emesis. Nonetheless, recent investigations have shed light on unappreciated dimensions of this class of compounds in conditions with an immunoinflammatory component as well as in neurologic and psychiatric disorders. The promising findings from multiple studies have unveiled several beneficial effects of these compounds in multiple sclerosis, stroke, Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson disease. Reports continue to uncover important roles for 5-HT3 receptors in the physiopathology of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, drug abuse, and schizophrenia. This review addresses the potential of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in neurology- and neuropsychiatry-related disorders. The broad therapeutic window and high compliance observed with these agents position them as suitable prototypes for the development of novel pharmacotherapeutics with higher efficacy and fewer adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gohar Fakhfouri
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada (G.F., R.R.); Sensorion SA, Montpellier, France (J.D.-J.); Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (M.R.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (J.-M.B.)
| | - Reza Rahimian
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada (G.F., R.R.); Sensorion SA, Montpellier, France (J.D.-J.); Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (M.R.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (J.-M.B.)
| | - Jonas Dyhrfjeld-Johnsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada (G.F., R.R.); Sensorion SA, Montpellier, France (J.D.-J.); Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (M.R.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (J.-M.B.)
| | - Mohammad Reza Zirak
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada (G.F., R.R.); Sensorion SA, Montpellier, France (J.D.-J.); Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (M.R.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (J.-M.B.)
| | - Jean-Martin Beaulieu
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada (G.F., R.R.); Sensorion SA, Montpellier, France (J.D.-J.); Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (M.R.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (J.-M.B.)
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19
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Rashidi M, Bazi A, Shiran MR, Bagheri A, Mehrabadi AR, Kalantar H, Ghafouri Z, Hosseini SM. Tropisetron attenuates tumor growth and progression in an experimental model of mouse lung cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1610-1622. [PMID: 31535406 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The antineoplastic effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor antagonists have been shown in previous studies. However, the exact underlying mechanisms mediating these antineoplastic effects are unclear. In the present study, we assessed the antineoplastic effects of tropisetron, a 5-HT receptor antagonist, in an experimental model of lung cancer in BALB/c mouse. Lewis lung carcinoma cell line was used to induce lung cancer. Mice were divided into four groups (n = 6) as follows: tumor-bearing mice + tropisetron (5 mg/kg intraperitoneally [IP]), tumor-bearing mice + tropisetron (10 mg/kg IP), tumor-bearing mice + saline, healthy mice + tropisetron (10 mg/kg). Tumor burden, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-4, pathological response, Ki-67, and E-cadherin were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Comet assay was used to assess DNA toxicity. Tropisetrone-treated animals (either 5 or 10 mg/kg) showed significantly lower tumor sizes at the day 24th after tumor induction. Tropisetron received animals also showed significantly higher levels of IFN-γ, E-cadherin, pathologic response, and necrotic cells compared to the saline-treated counterparts. In addition, the levels of IL-4, and Ki-67 were significantly lower in tropisetrone treated mice in comparison with control. Furthermore, tropisteron coadministration signifcantly reduced H2 O2 -induced DNA toxicity while treatment with tropisteron alone showed no adverse effect on DNA. Tropisetrone can be used as a potential antineoplastic drug in lung cancer. This agent can promote its antineoplastic effects in part through modulating inflammatory and proliferating markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Rashidi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Bazi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Shiran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abouzar Bagheri
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry-Biophysics and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abbas R Mehrabadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Hadi Kalantar
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghafouri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry-Biophysics and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sayed M Hosseini
- Human Genetic Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rahimian R, Fakhfouri G, Zirak MR. Pros and cons of 5-HT 3 receptor antagonists in neuropsychiatric diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109301. [PMID: 31402188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rahimian
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, G1J 2G3, Canada.
| | - Gohar Fakhfouri
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Mohammad Reza Zirak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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21
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Abdelkhalek AS, Alley GS, Alwassil OI, Khatri S, Mosier PD, Nyce HL, White MM, Schulte MK, Dukat M. "Methylene Bridge" to 5-HT 3 Receptor Antagonists: Conformationally Constrained Phenylguanidines. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:1380-1389. [PMID: 30375852 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Arylguanidines, depending upon their aromatic substitution pattern, display varying actions at 5-HT3 receptors (e.g., partial agonist, agonist, superagonist). Here, we demonstrate that conformational constraint of these agents as dihydroquinazolines (such as A6CDQ; 1) results in their conversion to 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. We examined the structure-activity relationships of 1. Replacement/removal of any of the guanidinium nitrogen atoms of 1 resulted in decreased affinity. All three nitrogen atoms of 1 are necessary for optimal binding affinity at 5-HT3 receptors. Introduction of substituents as small as an N2-methyl group abolishes affinity. The results are consistent with homology modeling/docking studies and binding data from site-directed mutagenesis studies. Introducing a "methylene bridge" to the arylguanidine structure, regardless of its functional activity, results in a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. Abdelkhalek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Genevieve S. Alley
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Osama I. Alwassil
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Shailesh Khatri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Philip D. Mosier
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Heather L. Nyce
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, United States
| | - Michael M. White
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, United States
| | - Marvin K. Schulte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Małgorzata Dukat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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Potential roles of 5-HT 3 receptor (5-HT 3R) antagonists in modulating the effects of nicotine. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108630. [PMID: 30797147 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
5-HT3R antagonists such as ondansetron, granisetron and tropisetron have been clinically used to treat nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy patients. However, current study and research revealed novel potentials of these ligands in other diseases like inflammation, Alzheimer's, and drug abuse. Towards utilising these drugs as anti-smoking agents to treat nicotine dependence problem, there are conflicting reports regarding the potential of these ligands in modulating the effects of nicotine in both human and animal behavioural studies. This is complicated by the heterogeneity of 5-HT3R itself, cross regulation between nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptor (nAChR) and distinct pharmacological profiles of 5-HT3R antagonists. This review gathered existing studies conducted investigating the potential of "-setron" class of 5-HT3R antagonists in modulating nicotine effects. We proposed that the mechanism where 5-HT3R antagonists mediate the effects of nicotine could be attributed by both direct at 5-HT3R and indirect mechanism in nicotine addiction downstream regulation. The indirect mechanism mediated by the 5-HT3R antagonist could be through α7 nAChR, 5-HT1B receptor (5-HT1BR), 5-HT1C receptor (5-HT1CR), calcineurin activity, p38 MAPK level, PPAR-γ and NF-κβ. Our review suggested that future studies should focus on newer 5-HT3R antagonist with superior pharmacological profile or the one with multitarget action rather than high selectivity at single receptor.
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Yu Y, Zhu W, Liang Q, Liu J, Yang X, Sun G. Tropisetron attenuates lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation by inhibiting NF-κB and SP/NK1R signaling pathway. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 320:80-86. [PMID: 29759144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tropisetron, an antagonist of serotonin type 3 receptors (5-HT3Rs), has been investigated in colonic inflammatory process. Since substance P/neurokinin 1 receptor (SP/NK1R) signaling pathway plays a key role in several sensory neuronal inflammatory. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of tropisetron in mice cerebral cortex, and discovered that it was a potential inhibitor in LPS-mediated neuron inflammation through SP/NK1R signaling pathway. We found that tropisetron significantly reduced the increased number of iba-1 positive microglia, down-regulated the gene transcription and protein expression of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS stimulated cerebral cortex. To characterize the inhibitory mechanism of tropisetron at the SP response in inflammation, we further examined the effect of tropisetron on NF-κB and SP/NK1R signaling pathway in the process of mice cerebral cortex inflammation. We found that tropisetron inhibited the gene transcription and protein expression of NF-κB, SP, NK1R via inhibiting 5-HT3R activity. These findings might provide new insights into the anti-inflammatory activities of 5-HT3R inhibitor tropisetron, which would be the interaction of serotonin receptor signaling and SP/NK1R pathway. These might highlight their potential to design novel therapeutic strategies to manage inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yu
- Department of pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanhu Zhu
- Department of pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Liang
- Department of pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangchun Sun
- Department of pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Chen S, Bennet L, McGregor AL. Delayed Varenicline Administration Reduces Inflammation and Improves Forelimb Use Following Experimental Stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2017; 26:2778-2787. [PMID: 28797614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacological activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), specifically by activating α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, has been shown to confer short-term improvements in outcome. Most studies have investigated administration within 24 hours of stroke, and few have investigated drugs approved for use in human patients. We investigated whether delayed administration of varenicline, a high-affinity agonist at α7 nicotinic receptors and an established therapy for nicotine addiction, decreased brain inflammation and improved functional performance in a mouse model of experimental stroke. METHODS CSF-1R-EGFP (MacGreen) mice were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and administered varenicline (2.5 mg/kg/d for 7 days) or saline (n = 10 per group) 3 days after stroke. Forelimb asymmetry was assessed in the Cylinder test every 2 days after surgery, and structural lesions were quantified at day 10. Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the effect of varenicline on inflammation and axonal regeneration, respectively. RESULTS Varenicline-treated animals showed a significant increase in impaired forelimb use compared with saline-treated animals 10 days after stroke. Varenicline treatment was associated with reduced EGFP expression and increased GAP43 expression in the striatum of MacGreen mice. CONCLUSION Our results show that delayed administration of varenicline promotes recovery of function following experimental stroke. Motor function improvements were accompanied by decreased brain inflammation and increased axonal regeneration in nonpenumbral areas. These results suggest that the administration of an exogenous nicotinic agonist in the subacute phase following stroke may be a viable therapeutic strategy for stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Laura Bennet
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ailsa L McGregor
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Division of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Frameworking memory and serotonergic markers. Rev Neurosci 2017; 28:455-497. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:The evidence for neural markers and memory is continuously being revised, and as evidence continues to accumulate, herein, we frame earlier and new evidence. Hence, in this work, the aim is to provide an appropriate conceptual framework of serotonergic markers associated with neural activity and memory. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) has multiple pharmacological tools, well-characterized downstream signaling in mammals’ species, and established 5-HT neural markers showing new insights about memory functions and dysfunctions, including receptors (5-HT1A/1B/1D, 5-HT2A/2B/2C, and 5-HT3-7), transporter (serotonin transporter [SERT]) and volume transmission present in brain areas involved in memory. Bidirectional influence occurs between 5-HT markers and memory/amnesia. A growing number of researchers report that memory, amnesia, or forgetting modifies neural markers. Diverse approaches support the translatability of using neural markers and cerebral functions/dysfunctions, including memory formation and amnesia. At least, 5-HT1A, 5-HT4, 5-HT6, and 5-HT7receptors and SERT seem to be useful neural markers and therapeutic targets. Hence, several mechanisms cooperate to achieve synaptic plasticity or memory, including changes in the expression of neurotransmitter receptors and transporters.
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26
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Protective effects of tropisetron on cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:589-595. [PMID: 28686973 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) causes morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of tropisetron against AP induced by cerulein. Cerulein (50μg/kg, 5 doses) was used to induce AP in mice. Six hours after final cerulein injection, animals were decapitated. Hepatic/pancreatic enzymes in the serum, pancreatic content of malondialdehyde (MDA), pro-inflammatory cytokines and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured. Tropisetron significantly attenuated pancreatic injury markers and decreased the amount of elevated serum amylase, lipase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), MPO activities and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels caused by AP in mice. Tropisetron didn't affect the pancreatic levels of MDA. Our results suggest that tropisetron could attenuate cerulein-induced AP by combating inflammatory signaling. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm its efficacy in patients with AP.
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27
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Di Giovanni G, Svob Strac D, Sole M, Unzeta M, Tipton KF, Mück-Šeler D, Bolea I, Della Corte L, Nikolac Perkovic M, Pivac N, Smolders IJ, Stasiak A, Fogel WA, De Deurwaerdère P. Monoaminergic and Histaminergic Strategies and Treatments in Brain Diseases. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:541. [PMID: 27932945 PMCID: PMC5121249 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The monoaminergic systems are the target of several drugs for the treatment of mood, motor and cognitive disorders as well as neurological conditions. In most cases, advances have occurred through serendipity, except for Parkinson's disease where the pathophysiology led almost immediately to the introduction of dopamine restoring agents. Extensive neuropharmacological studies first showed that the primary target of antipsychotics, antidepressants, and anxiolytic drugs were specific components of the monoaminergic systems. Later, some dramatic side effects associated with older medicines were shown to disappear with new chemical compounds targeting the origin of the therapeutic benefit more specifically. The increased knowledge regarding the function and interaction of the monoaminergic systems in the brain resulting from in vivo neurochemical and neurophysiological studies indicated new monoaminergic targets that could achieve the efficacy of the older medicines with fewer side-effects. Yet, this accumulated knowledge regarding monoamines did not produce valuable strategies for diseases where no monoaminergic drug has been shown to be effective. Here, we emphasize the new therapeutic and monoaminergic-based strategies for the treatment of psychiatric diseases. We will consider three main groups of diseases, based on the evidence of monoamines involvement (schizophrenia, depression, obesity), the identification of monoamines in the diseases processes (Parkinson's disease, addiction) and the prospect of the involvement of monoaminergic mechanisms (epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, stroke). In most cases, the clinically available monoaminergic drugs induce widespread modifications of amine tone or excitability through neurobiological networks and exemplify the overlap between therapeutic approaches to psychiatric and neurological conditions. More recent developments that have resulted in improved drug specificity and responses will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Montse Sole
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Unzeta
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Keith F. Tipton
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College DublinDublin, Ireland
| | - Dorotea Mück-Šeler
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic InstituteZagreb, Croatia
| | - Irene Bolea
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Nela Pivac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic InstituteZagreb, Croatia
| | - Ilse J. Smolders
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis, Vrije Universiteit BrusselBrussels, Belgium
| | - Anna Stasiak
- Department of Hormone Biochemistry, Medical University of LodzLodz, Poland
| | - Wieslawa A. Fogel
- Department of Hormone Biochemistry, Medical University of LodzLodz, Poland
| | - Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5293), Institut of Neurodegenerative DiseasesBordeaux Cedex, France
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Rahimian R, Zirak MR, Keshavarz M, Fakhraei N, Mohammadi-Farani A, Hamdi H, Mousavizadeh K. Involvement of PPARγ in the protective action of tropisetron in an experimental model of ulcerative colitis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2016; 38:432-440. [DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2016.1231202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rahimian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Mohammad Reza Zirak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Keshavarz
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nahid Fakhraei
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mohammadi-Farani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medical Services, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hanan Hamdi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Mousavizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Contribution of Hippocampal 5-HT 3 Receptors in Hippocampal Autophagy and Extinction of Conditioned Fear Responses after a Single Prolonged Stress Exposure in Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016; 37:595-606. [PMID: 27324798 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0395-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
One of the hypotheses about the pathogenesis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the dysfunction of serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission. While certain 5-HT receptor subtypes are likely critical for the symptoms of PTSD, few studies have examined the role of 5-HT3 receptor in the development of PTSD, even though 5-HT3 receptor is critical for contextual fear extinction and anxiety-like behavior. Therefore, we hypothesized that stimulation of 5-HT3 receptor in the dorsal hippocampus (DH) could prevent hippocampal autophagy and the development of PTSD-like behavior in animals. To this end, we infused SR57227, selective 5-HT3 agonist, into the DH after a single prolonged stress (SPS) treatment in rats. Three weeks later, we evaluated the effects of this pharmacological treatment on anxiety-related behaviors and extinction of contextual fear memory. We also accessed hippocampal autophagy and the expression of 5-HT3A subunit, Beclin-1, LC3-I, and LC3-II in the DH. We found that SPS treatment did not alter anxiety-related behaviors but prolonged the extinction of contextual fear memory, and such a behavioral phenomenon was correlated with increased hippocampal autophagy, decreased 5-HT3A expression, and increased expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-II/LC3-I ratio in the DH. Furthermore, intraDH infusions of SR57227 dose-dependently promoted the extinction of contextual fear memory, prevented hippocampal autophagy, and decreased expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-II/LC3-I ratio in the DH. These results indicated that 5-HT3 receptor in the hippocampus may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of hippocampal autophagy, and is likely involved in the pathophysiology of PTSD.
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30
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Švob Štrac D, Pivac N, Mück-Šeler D. The serotonergic system and cognitive function. Transl Neurosci 2016; 7:35-49. [PMID: 28123820 PMCID: PMC5017596 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2016-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Symptoms of cognitive dysfunction like memory loss, poor concentration, impaired learning and executive functions are characteristic features of both schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The neurobiological mechanisms underlying cognition in healthy subjects and neuropsychiatric patients are not completely understood. Studies have focused on serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) as one of the possible cognitionrelated biomarkers. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the current literature on the role of the serotonergic (5-HTergic) system in cognitive function, particularly in AD and schizophrenia. The role of the 5-HTergic system in cognition is modulated by the activity and function of 5-HT receptors (5-HTR) classified into seven groups, which differ in structure, action, and localization. Many 5-HTR are located in the regions linked to various cognitive processes. Preclinical studies using animal models of learning and memory, as well as clinical in vivo (neuroimaging) and in vitro (post-mortem) studies in humans have shown that alterations in 5-HTR activity influence cognitive performance. The current evidence implies that reduced 5-HT neurotransmission negatively influences cognitive functions and that normalization of 5-HT activity may have beneficial effects, suggesting that 5-HT and 5-HTR represent important pharmacological targets for cognition enhancement and restoration of impaired cognitive performance in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nela Pivac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dorotea Mück-Šeler
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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31
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Ouach A, Pin F, Bertrand E, Vercouillie J, Gulhan Z, Mothes C, Deloye JB, Guilloteau D, Suzenet F, Chalon S, Routier S. Design of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligands using the (het)Aryl-1,2,3-triazole core: Synthesis, in vitro evaluation and SAR studies. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 107:153-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
Diverse neuropsychiatric disorders present dysfunctional memory and no effective treatment exits for them; likely as result of the absence of neural markers associated to memory. Neurotransmitter systems and signaling pathways have been implicated in memory and dysfunctional memory; however, their role is poorly understood. Hence, neural markers and cerebral functions and dysfunctions are revised. To our knowledge no previous systematic works have been published addressing these issues. The interactions among behavioral tasks, control groups and molecular changes and/or pharmacological effects are mentioned. Neurotransmitter receptors and signaling pathways, during normal and abnormally functioning memory with an emphasis on the behavioral aspects of memory are revised. With focus on serotonin, since as it is a well characterized neurotransmitter, with multiple pharmacological tools, and well characterized downstream signaling in mammals' species. 5-HT1A, 5-HT4, 5-HT5, 5-HT6, and 5-HT7 receptors as well as SERT (serotonin transporter) seem to be useful neural markers and/or therapeutic targets. Certainly, if the mentioned evidence is replicated, then the translatability from preclinical and clinical studies to neural changes might be confirmed. Hypothesis and theories might provide appropriate limits and perspectives of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Meneses
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico City, Mexico
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