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Lee YJ, Choi JH, Kang KK, Sung SE, Lee S, Sung M, Seo MS, Park JH. Antioxidant and Antimelanogenic Activities of Lactobacillus kunkeei NCHBL-003 Isolated from Honeybees. Microorganisms 2024; 12:188. [PMID: 38258014 PMCID: PMC10818717 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive reactive oxygen species production can detrimentally impact skin cell physiology, resulting in cell growth arrest, melanogenesis, and aging. Recent clinical studies have found that lactic acid bacteria have a special effect directly or indirectly on skin organs, but the exact mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the antioxidant protective effect and the inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis of Lactobacillus kunkeei culture supernatant (CSK), isolated from Apis mellifera Linnaeus (the Western honeybee). CSK exhibited notable efficacy in promoting cell migration and wound healing under oxidative stress, surpassing the performance of other strains. CSK pretreatment significantly upregulated the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1), a key player in cellular defenses against oxidative stress, relative to the control H2O2-treated cells. The DCF-DA (dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate) assay results confirmed that CSK's ability to enhance Nrf2 and HO-1 expression aligns with its robust ability to remove H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, CSK upregulated MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) phosphorylation, an upstream signal for HO-1 expression, and MAPK inhibitors compromised the wound-healing effect of CSK. Additionally, CSK exhibited inhibitory effects on melanin synthesis, downregulating melanogenesis-related genes in B16F10 cells. Thus, the present study demonstrated that CSK exhibited antioxidant effects by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway through MAPK phosphorylation, thereby restoring cell migration and demonstrating inhibitory effects on melanin production. These findings emphasize the antioxidant and antimelanogenic potential of CSK, suggesting its potential use as a therapeutic agent, promoting wound healing, and as an active ingredient in skin-lightening cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Ji Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (J.-H.C.); (K.-K.K.); (S.-E.S.); (S.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Joo-Hee Choi
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (J.-H.C.); (K.-K.K.); (S.-E.S.); (S.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Kyung-Ku Kang
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (J.-H.C.); (K.-K.K.); (S.-E.S.); (S.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Soo-Eun Sung
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (J.-H.C.); (K.-K.K.); (S.-E.S.); (S.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Sijoon Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (J.-H.C.); (K.-K.K.); (S.-E.S.); (S.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Minkyoung Sung
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (J.-H.C.); (K.-K.K.); (S.-E.S.); (S.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Min-Soo Seo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Tissue Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project Team, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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2
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Su R, Zheng W, Li A, Wu H, He Y, Tao H, Zhang W, Zheng H, Zhao Z, Li S. Characterization of a novel sucrose phosphorylase from Paenibacillus elgii and its use in biosynthesis of α-arbutin. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:24. [PMID: 38057640 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03853-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
α-Arbutin, a naturally occurring glycosylated derivative of hydroquinone (HQ), effectively inhibits melanin biosynthesis in epidermal cells. It is widely recognized as a fourth-generation whitening agent within the cosmetic industry. Currently, enzymatic catalysis is universally deemed the safest and most efficient method for α-arbutin synthesis. Sucrose phosphorylase (SPase), one of the most frequently employed glycosyltransferases, has been extensively reported for α-arbutin synthesis. In this study, a previously reported SPase known for its effectiveness in synthesizing α-arbutin, was used as a probe sequence to identify a novel SPase from Paenibacillus elgii (PeSP) in the protein database. The sequence similarity between PeSP and the probe was 39.71%, indicating a degree of novelty. Subsequently, the gene encoding PeSP was coexpressed with the molecular chaperone pG-Tf2 in Escherichia coli, significantly improving PeSP's solubility. Following this, PeSP was characterized and employed for α-arbutin biosynthesis. The specific activity of co-expressed PeSP reached 169.72 U/mg, exhibited optimal activity at 35℃ and pH 7.0, with a half-life of 3.6 h under the condition of 35℃. PeSP demonstrated excellent stability at pH 6.5-8.5 and sensitivity to high concentrations of metal ions. The kinetic parameters Km and kcat/Km were determined to be 14.50 mM and 9.79 min- 1·mM- 1, respectively.The reaction conditions for α-arbutin biosynthesis using recombinant PeSP were optimized, resulting in a maximum α-arbutin concentration of 52.60 g/L and a HQ conversion rate of 60.9%. The optimal conditions were achieved at 30℃ and pH 7.0 with 200 U/mL of PeSP, and by combining sucrose and hydroquinone at a molar ratio of 5:1 for a duration of 25 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Su
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, 1 South-Loop Road, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Wan Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, 1 South-Loop Road, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Anqi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, 1 South-Loop Road, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Huawei Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, 1 South-Loop Road, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
| | - Yamei He
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, 1 South-Loop Road, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Huimei Tao
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, 1 South-Loop Road, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Wangpu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, 1 South-Loop Road, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Hairui Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, 1 South-Loop Road, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Zhenjun Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, 1 South-Loop Road, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Shaobin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, 1 South-Loop Road, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
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3
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Nam SH, Choi JH, Kim GC. Topical Application of No-Ozone Cold Plasma in Combination with Vitamin C Reduced Skin Redness and Pigmentation of UV-Irradiated Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1563. [PMID: 37371658 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) is the main cause of sunburn on the skin as it induces erythema and accelerates pigmentation. Vitamin C is one of the most frequently used compounds to reduce UV-induced skin pigmentation, but it has limitations in absorption through the skin. In this study, we tested whether a no-ozone cold plasma (NCP) treatment can improve UV-irradiated skin by helping the action of Vitamin C. For this, among five groups of HRM-2 hairless mice, four groups of mice were subjected to UVB irradiation, and three groups of UVB-treated mice were treated with NCP, Vitamin C, and NCP + Vitamin C, respectively. For evaluating the effect of each treatment, the melanin and erythema index was measured during animal experiments. Histological changes were monitored by performing H&E and MTS and IHC against tyrosinase and melanin. As a result, the naturally recovered mice showed a 28-point decrease in the melanin index, whereas a decrease of around 88, 74.3, and 106 points was detected in NCP-, Vitamin C-, and NCP + vitamin C-treated mice, respectively. Likewise, only a 39-point reduction in the erythema index was monitored in naturally recovered mice, but the NCP-, vitamin C-, and NCP + vitamin C-treated mice showed a 87.3-, 77-, and 111-point reduction, respectively. Interestingly, the skin tissues of the mice treated with NCP in combination with Vitamin C mostly recovered from UVB-induced damage. Altogether, this study elucidated the beneficial effect of the treatment of NCP in combination with Vitamin C on the UVB-irradiated skin, which might be helpful for treating sunburn on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoul-Hee Nam
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 25913, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hae Choi
- Research and Development Center, Feagle Co., Ltd., Yangsan 50614, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoo-Cheon Kim
- Research and Development Center, Feagle Co., Ltd., Yangsan 50614, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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Aung NN, Pengnam S, Ngawhirunpat T, Rojanarata T, Patrojanasophon P, Opanasopit P, Pamornpathomkul B. Fabrication of polyvinyl pyrrolidone-K90/Eudragit RL100-based dissolving microneedle patches loaded with alpha-arbutin and resveratrol for skin depigmentation. Biomater Sci 2023. [PMID: 37183632 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00132f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-arbutin (AA) and resveratrol (Res) are widely used in skin-lightening products. However, current topical formulations have minimal skin-lightening effects due to the low absorption and poor solubility of these active compounds. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of using dissolving microneedle (DMN) patches to improve the delivery of AA and Res for skin depigmentation. The DMN patches (F0-F3) fabricated from polyvinyl pyrrolidone-K90 (PVP-K90)/Eudragit RL100 blends successfully penetrated excised porcine skin and showed sufficient mechanical strength to resist compression forces. Loading DMNs with 10% AA and 2% Res at a ratio of 5 : 1 (F3) resulted in a synergistic interaction between the drugs with desirable dissolving ability, drug loading, and stability. Furthermore, both in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that the use of F3 DMN patches successfully enhanced the intradermal delivery of AA and Res over a 24 h period, with the delivered amount being higher (∼2.6 times) than that provided by a cream formulation (P < 0.05). After removing the DMN patches, the mice's skin was spontaneously and completely resealed within 12 h. In clinical studies, F3 DMN patches slightly decreased the melanin index of the participants without causing skin irritation or erythema at any time during the 24 h period when the patches were applied (P < 0.05). Moreover, application of the patches for 24 h was not found to affect skin hydration, transepidermal water loss, or skin elasticity. Therefore, AA/Res-loaded DMN patches could offer a promising approach for the effective local delivery of cosmetic agents for skin depigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nway Nway Aung
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand.
- Pharmaceutical Factory, Kyaukse, Myanmar
| | - Supusson Pengnam
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand.
| | - Tanasait Ngawhirunpat
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand.
| | - Theerasak Rojanarata
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand.
| | - Prasopchai Patrojanasophon
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand.
| | - Praneet Opanasopit
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand.
| | - Boonnada Pamornpathomkul
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand.
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5
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Gye H, Baek H, Han S, Kwon H, Nguyen TVT, Pham LTM, Kang S, Nho YH, Lee DW, Kim YH. Recombinant Lignin Peroxidase with Superior Thermal Stability and Melanin Decolorization Efficiency in a Typical Human Skin-Mimicking Environment. Biomacromolecules 2023. [PMID: 37075205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the desire for a safe and effective method for skin whitening has been growing in the cosmetics industry. Commonly used tyrosinase-inhibiting chemical reagents exhibit side effects. Thus, recent studies have focused on performing melanin decolorization with enzymes as an alternative due to the low toxicity of enzymes and their ability to decolorize melanin selectively. Herein, 10 different isozymes were expressed as recombinant lignin peroxidases (LiPs) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PcLiPs), and PcLiP isozyme 4 (PcLiP04) was selected due to its high stability and activity at pH 5.5 and 37 °C, which is close to human skin conditions. In vitro melanin decolorization results indicated that PcLiP04 exhibited at least 2.9-fold higher efficiency than that of well-known lignin peroxidase (PcLiP01) in a typical human skin-mimicking environment. The interaction force between melanin films measured by a surface forces apparatus (SFA) revealed that the decolorization of melanin by PcLiP04 harbors a disrupted structure, possibly interrupting π-π stacking and/or hydrogen bonds. In addition, a 3D reconstructed human pigmented epidermis skin model showed a decrease in melanin area to 59.8% using PcLiP04, which suggests that PcLiP04 exhibits a strong potential for skin whitening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeryeong Gye
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyeon Baek
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Han
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeun Kwon
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Trang Vu Thien Nguyen
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Thanh Mai Pham
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Kang
- Bio Technology Lab, COSMAX BTI R&I Center, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Hwa Nho
- Bio Technology Lab, COSMAX BTI R&I Center, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woog Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hwan Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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6
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Ren J, Barton CD, Zhan J. Engineered production of bioactive polyphenolic O-glycosides. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 65:108146. [PMID: 37028465 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds (such as quercetin and resveratrol) possess potential medicinal values due to their various bioactivities, but poor water solubility hinders their health benefits to humankind. Glycosylation is a well-known post-modification method to biosynthesize natural product glycosides with improved hydrophilicity. Glycosylation has profound effects on decreasing toxicity, increasing bioavailability and stability, together with changing bioactivity of polyphenolic compounds. Therefore, polyphenolic glycosides can be used as food additives, therapeutics, and nutraceuticals. Engineered biosynthesis provides an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach to generate polyphenolic glycosides through the use of various glycosyltransferases (GTs) and sugar biosynthetic enzymes. GTs transfer the sugar moieties from nucleotide-activated diphosphate sugar (NDP-sugar) donors to sugar acceptors such as polyphenolic compounds. In this review, we systematically review and summarize the representative polyphenolic O-glycosides with various bioactivities and their engineered biosynthesis in microbes with different biotechnological strategies. We also review the major routes towards NDP-sugar formation in microbes, which is significant for producing unusual or novel glycosides. Finally, we discuss the trends in NDP-sugar based glycosylation research to promote the development of prodrugs that positively impact human health and wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ren
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-4105, USA
| | - Caleb Don Barton
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-4105, USA
| | - Jixun Zhan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-4105, USA.
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7
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Abduh MS, Alzoghaibi MA, Alzoghaibi AM, Bin-Ammar A, Alotaibi MF, Kamel EM, Mahmoud AM. Arbutin ameliorates hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative stress and modulates adipocytokines and PPARγ in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Life Sci 2023; 321:121612. [PMID: 36948387 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Arbutin is a glycosylated hydroquinone with antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemia effects. However, its beneficial effects in type 2 diabetes (T2D) were not clarified. This study evaluated the effect of arbutin on hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in T2D. Rats induced by high fat diet and streptozotocin were treated with arbutin (25 and 50 mg/kg for 4 weeks). Diabetic rats exhibited glucose intolerance, elevated HbA1c%, reduced insulin, and high HOMA-IR. Liver glycogen and hexokinase activity were decreased in T2D rats while glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), fructose-1,6- biphosphatase (FBPase), and glycogen phosphorylase were upregulated. Circulating and hepatic cholesterol and triglycerides and serum transaminases were elevated in T2D rats. Arbutin ameliorated hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, insulin deficiency and resistance, and liver glycogen and alleviated the activity of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes. Both doses of arbutin decreased serum transaminases and resistin, and liver lipids, TNF-α, IL-6, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, downregulated liver resistin and fatty acid synthase, and increased serum and liver adiponectin, and liver reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). These effects were associated with the upregulation of hepatic PPARγ. Arbutin inhibited α-glucosidase in vitro and in silico investigations revealed the ability of arbutin to bind PPARγ, hexokinase, and α-glucosidase. In conclusion, arbutin effectively ameliorated glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and modulated carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, antioxidants, adipokines and PPARγ in T2D in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisa Siddiq Abduh
- Immune Responses in Different Diseases Research Group, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alzoghaibi
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Albandari Bin-Ammar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed F Alotaibi
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emadeldin M Kamel
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Ayman M Mahmoud
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK; Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
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8
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Ao J, Pan X, Wang Q, Zhang H, Ren K, Jiang A, Zhang X, Rao Z. Efficient Whole-Cell Biotransformation for α-Arbutin Production through the Engineering of Sucrose Phosphorylase Combined with Engineered Cell Modification. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2438-2445. [PMID: 36701314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
α-Arbutin is extensively used in cosmetic industries. The lack of highly active enzymes and the cytotoxicity of hydroquinone limit the biosynthesis of α-arbutin. In this study, a whole-cell biocatalytic approach based on enzyme engineering and engineered cell modification was identified as effective in enhancing α-arbutin production. First, a sucrose phosphorylase (SPase) mutant with higher enzyme activity was obtained by experimental screening. Next, to avoid the oxidation of hydroquinone, we established an anaerobic process to improve the robustness of the cells by knocking out lytC, sdpC, and skfA in Bacillus subtilis and overcoming the inhibitory effect of a high concentration of hydroquinone. Finally, the engineered strain was used for biotransformation in a 5 L fermenter with batch feeding for 24 h. The final yield of α-arbutin achieved was 129.6 g/L, which may provide a basis for the large-scale industrial production of α-arbutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwei Ao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xuewei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Hengwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - An Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Rao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
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9
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Quinty V, Colas C, Nasreddine R, Nehmé R, Piot C, Draye M, Destandau E, Da Silva D, Chatel G. Screening and Evaluation of Dermo-Cosmetic Activities of the Invasive Plant Species Polygonum cuspidatum. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:83. [PMID: 36616211 PMCID: PMC9823685 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polygonum cuspidatum (P. cuspidatum) is among the world's most problematic invasive plant species with negative ecological, socio-economic and security consequences. Management operations in areas invaded systematically generate a large quantity of plant waste, most often without outlets. Using this plant material could constitute a new alternative treatment for sustainable management. P. cuspidatum is well known to have numerous biological properties, containing notably stilbenes, quinones, flavonoids and phenolic acids. The present work proposes a reliable strategy using powerful techniques for the screening and the evaluation of the dermo-cosmetic potential of its aerial parts (AP) and root parts (RP). To the best of our knowledge, only antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities were previously evaluated on P. cuspidatum among the targets studied (superoxide dismutase, hyaluronidase, elastase, collagenase and tyrosinase). The results revealed strong antioxidant and anti-collagenase activities, moderate anti-hyaluronidase activity, while weak anti-elastase and anti-tyrosinase activities were observed for ethanolic extracts. Different standards selected and screened on the same targets made it possible to correlate the observed residual activities of produced extracts of P. cuspidatum from Savoie Mont Blanc and their chemical compositions. A structure-activity study was thus conducted on main molecular families, widely represented in the genus Polygonum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanille Quinty
- EDYTEM, CNRS, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, 73000 Chambéry, France
| | - Cyril Colas
- ICOA, CNRS—UMR 7311 BP 6759, Univ. Orléans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France
- CBM, CNRS—UPR 4301, Univ. Orléans, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Rouba Nasreddine
- ICOA, CNRS—UMR 7311 BP 6759, Univ. Orléans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Reine Nehmé
- ICOA, CNRS—UMR 7311 BP 6759, Univ. Orléans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Christine Piot
- EDYTEM, CNRS, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, 73000 Chambéry, France
| | - Micheline Draye
- EDYTEM, CNRS, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, 73000 Chambéry, France
| | - Emilie Destandau
- ICOA, CNRS—UMR 7311 BP 6759, Univ. Orléans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - David Da Silva
- ICOA, CNRS—UMR 7311 BP 6759, Univ. Orléans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Gregory Chatel
- EDYTEM, CNRS, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, 73000 Chambéry, France
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10
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Liu JK. Natural products in cosmetics. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:40. [PMID: 36437391 PMCID: PMC9702281 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The global cosmetics market reached US$500 billion in 2017 and is expected to exceed US$800 billion by 2023, at around a 7% annual growth rate. The cosmetics industry is emerging as one of the fastest-growing industries of the past decade. Data shows that the Chinese cosmetics market was US$60 billion in 2021. It is expected to be the world's number one consumer cosmetics market by 2050, with a size of approximately US$450 billion. The influence of social media and the internet has raised awareness of the risks associated with the usage of many chemicals in cosmetics and the health benefits of natural products derived from plants and other natural resources. As a result, the cosmetic industry is now paying more attention to natural products. The present review focus on the possible applications of natural products from various biological sources in skin care cosmetics, including topical care products, fragrances, moisturizers, UV protective, and anti-wrinkle products. In addition, the mechanisms of targets for evaluation of active ingredients in cosmetics and the possible benefits of these bioactive compounds in rejuvenation and health, and their potential role in cosmetics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Kai Liu
- Wuhan Institute of Health, Shenzhen Moore Vaporization Health & Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Impact of Lysosomal Fraction on Melanin Synthesis Inhibition in a Zebrafish Melanogenesis Phenotype Model. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 64:1350-1355. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Skin-Whitening and Antiwrinkle Proprieties of Maackia amurensis Methanolic Extract Lead Compounds. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10050855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using Maackia amurensis branch extract as a cosmetic ingredient with skin-whitening and antiwrinkle effects. (2) Methods: The skin-whitening effect of M. amurensis branch extract was confirmed by investigating α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanin synthesis and melanogenic protein expression in B16F1 cells. The antiwrinkle effect of M. amurensis branch extract was verified by assessing matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 expression and soluble collagen content in CCD-986sk cells. The major compounds in M. amurensis branch extract were identified through isolation and characterization and confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. (3) Results: M. amurensis branch extract significantly inhibited α-MSH-induced melanin synthesis by 49%, 42%, and 18% at 50, 37.5, and 25 μg/mL concentrations, respectively, compared with the negative control (NC). M. amurensis branch extract also significantly reduced the expression of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, TRP-2, and tyrosinase in B16F1 cells. Furthermore, M. amurensis branch extracts decreased ultraviolet A-induced MMP-1 expression and increased soluble collagen synthesis in CCD-986sk cells. In addition, the major compounds present in M. amurensis branch extract were found to be formononetin, genistein, trans-resveratrol, piceatannol, and tectoridin. (4) Conclusions: M. amurensis branch extract has skin-whitening and antiwrinkle properties. Therefore, it can be used as an ingredient in functional cosmetics with skin-whitening and antiwrinkle effects.
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Lee HP, Kim DS, Park SH, Shin CY, Woo JJ, Kim JW, An RB, Lee C, Cho JY. Antioxidant Capacity of Potentilla paradoxa Nutt. and Its Beneficial Effects Related to Anti-Aging in HaCaT and B16F10 Cells. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070873. [PMID: 35406853 PMCID: PMC9003520 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Skin aging is a natural process influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and many skin anti-aging strategies have been developed. Plants from the genus Potentilla has been used in Europe and Asia to treat various diseases. Potentilla paradoxa Nutt. has been used as a traditional medicinal herb in China and has recently been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects. Despite the biological and pharmacological potential of Potentilla paradoxa Nutt., its skin anti-aging effects remain unclear. Therefore, this study evaluated the free radical scavenging, moisturizing, anti-melanogenic, and wound-healing effects of an ethanol extract of Potentilla paradoxa Nutt. (Pp-EE). Pp-EE was found to contain phenolics and flavonoids and exhibits in vitro antioxidant activities. α-Linolenic acid was found to be a major component of Pp-EE on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Pp-EE promoted the expression of hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis-related enzymes and suppressed the expression of HA degradation-related enzymes in keratinocytes, so it may increase skin hydration. Pp-EE also showed inhibitory effects on the production and secretion of melanin in melanocytes. In a scratch assay, Pp-EE improved skin wound healing. Taken together, Pp-EE has several effects that may delay skin aging, suggesting its potential benefits as a natural ingredient in cosmetic or pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Pyoung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.P.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Dong Seon Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.P.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Sang Hee Park
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.H.P.); (C.Y.S.); (J.J.W.)
| | - Chae Yun Shin
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.H.P.); (C.Y.S.); (J.J.W.)
| | - Jin Joo Woo
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.H.P.); (C.Y.S.); (J.J.W.)
| | - Ji Won Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.P.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Ren-Bo An
- College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China;
| | - Changyoung Lee
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.P.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.W.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-290-7868
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14
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Kojic Acid Showed Consistent Inhibitory Activity on Tyrosinase from Mushroom and in Cultured B16F10 Cells Compared with Arbutins. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030502. [PMID: 35326152 PMCID: PMC8944748 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kojic acid, β-arbutin, α-arbutin, and deoxyarbutin have been reported as tyrosinase inhibitors in many articles, but some contradictions exist in their differing results. In order to provide some explanations for these contradictions and to find the most suitable compound as a positive control for screening potential tyrosinase inhibitors, the activity and inhibition type of the aforementioned compounds on monophenolase and diphenolase of mushroom tyrosinase (MTYR) were studied. Their effects on B16F10 cells melanin content, tyrosinase (BTYR) activity, and cell viability were also exposed. Results indicated that α-arbutin competitively inhibited monophenolase activity, whereas they uncompetitively activated diphenolase activity of MTYR. β-arbutin noncompetitively and competitively inhibited monophenolase activity at high molarity (4000 µM) and moderate molarity (250–1000 µM) respectively, whereas it activated the diphenolase activity of MTYR. Deoxyarbutin competitively inhibited diphenolase activity, but could not inhibit monophenolase activity and only extended the lag time. Kojic acid competitively inhibited monophenolase activity and competitive–noncompetitive mixed-type inhibited diphenolase activity of MTYR. In a cellular experiment, deoxyarbutin effectively inhibited BTYR activity and reduced melanin content, but it also potently decreased cell viability. α-arbutin and β-arbutin dose-dependently inhibited BTYR activity, reduced melanin content, and increased cell viability. Kojic acid did not affect cell viability at 43.8–700 µM, but inhibited BTYR activity and reduced melanin content in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, kojic acid was considered as the most suitable positive control among these four compounds, because it could inhibit both monophenolase and diphenolase activity of MTYR and reduce intercellular melanin content by inhibiting BTYR activity without cytotoxicity. Some explanations for the contradictions in the reported articles were provided.
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Je JG, Jiang Y, Heo JH, Li X, Jeon YJ, Ryu BM. Mitigative Effects of PFF-A Isolated from Ecklonia cava on Pigmentation in a Zebrafish Model and Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:123. [PMID: 35200653 PMCID: PMC8877154 DOI: 10.3390/md20020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanin synthesis is a defense mechanism that prevents skin damage, but excessive accumulation of melanin occurs in the skin in various reactions such as pigmentation, lentigines, and freckles. Although anti-melanogenic effects have been demonstrated for various naturally occurring marine products that inhibit and control tyrosinase activity, most studies have not been extended to in vivo applications. Phlorofucofuroeckol-A (PFF-A, 12.5-100 µM) isolated from Ecklonia cava has previously been shown to have tyrosinase-mitigative effects in B16F10 cells, but it has not been evaluated in an in vivo model, and its underlying mechanism for anti-melanogenic effects has not been studied. In the present study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of PFF-A for anti-melanogenic effects in an in vivo model. We selected low doses of PFF-A (1.5-15 nM) and investigated their mitigative effects on pigmentation stimulated by α-MSH in vivo and their related-mechanism in an in vitro model. The findings suggest that low-dose PFF-A derived from E. cava suppresses pigmentation in vivo and melanogenesis in vitro. Therefore, this study presents the possibility that PFF-A could be utilized as a new anti-melanogenic agent in the cosmeceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Geon Je
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (J.-G.J.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-J.J.)
| | - Yunfei Jiang
- School of Food Engineering, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China;
| | - Jun-Ho Heo
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (J.-G.J.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-J.J.)
| | - Xining Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China;
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (J.-G.J.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-J.J.)
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea
| | - Bo-Mi Ryu
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (J.-G.J.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-J.J.)
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16
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Sadeghinezhad S, Khodamoradi E, Diojan L, Taeb S, Najafi M. Radioprotective Mechanisms of Arbutin: A Systematic Review. Curr Drug Res Rev 2022; 14:132-138. [PMID: 35319405 DOI: 10.2174/2589977514666220321114415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Efforts to produce radioprotective agents of high potential are appropriate strategies for overcoming possible IR toxicity in organisms. The present research aims to evaluate the signaling pathways and mechanisms through which arbutin exerts radioprotective effects on organisms. METHODS The databases of PubMed, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched to find studies that reported radioprotective effects for arbutin. Besides, the data were searched within the time period from 2010 to 2020. RESULTS Five research articles met our criteria, which were included in the analysis based on their relevance to the topic. The present systematic review provides conclusions about various mechanisms and pathways through which arbutin induces radioprotection. CONCLUSIONS Based on the relevant studies, various mechanisms can be proposed for inducing radioprotective effects by arbutin, including inhibition of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Sadeghinezhad
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ehsan Khodamoradi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Loghman Diojan
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahram Taeb
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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17
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Benković V, Marčina N, Horvat Knežević A, Šikić D, Rajevac V, Milić M, Kopjar N. Potential radioprotective properties of arbutin against ionising radiation on human leukocytes in vitro. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2021; 872:503413. [PMID: 34798933 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Arbutin is a simple phenolic glucoside biosynthesised in many plant families. Some of the everyday foods that contain arbutin are species of the genus Origanum, peaches, cereal products, coffee and tea and Arctostaphyllos uva ursi L. leaves. Arbutin possesses various beneficial effects in the organism, and was confirmed effective in the treatment of urinary tract infections as well as in preventing skin hyperpigmentation. It shows antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and antitumor activity. The aim of this study was to explore potential radioprotective properties of arbutin in concentrations of 11.4 μg/mL, 57 μg/mL, 200 μg/mL and 400 μg/mL administered as a pre-treatment for one hour before exposing human leukocytes to ionising radiation at a therapeutic dose of 2 Gy. The alkaline comet assay was used to establish the levels of primary DNA damage, and cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) cytome assay to determine the level of cytogenetic damage. None of the tested concentrations of single arbutin showed genotoxic and cytotoxic effects. Even at the lowest tested concentration, 11.4 μg/mL, arbutin demonstrated remarkable potential for radioprotection in vitro, observed both at the level of primary DNA damage, and using CBMN cytome assay. The best dose reduction compared with amifostine was observed after pre-treatment with the highest concentration of arbutin, corresponding to 400 μg/mL. Promising results obtained on the leukocyte model speak in favour of extending similar experiments on other cell and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Benković
- Division of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Nives Marčina
- Division of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anica Horvat Knežević
- Division of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dunja Šikić
- Division of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vedran Rajevac
- University Hospital for Tumours, Sisters of Mercy University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nevenka Kopjar
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
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18
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Peyrot C, Didak B, Guillotin L, Landemarre L, Lafite P, Lemiègre L, Daniellou R. Enzymatic Synthesis of a Series of Thioglycosides: Analogs of Arbutin with Efficient Antipigmentation Properties. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Peyrot
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA) – UMR CNRS 7311 University of Orléans Rue de Chartres, BP6759 45067 Orléans cedex 2 France
- Univ Rennes Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR – UMR6226 35000 Rennes France
- Present address: URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles CEBB AgroParisTech 51110 Pomacle France
| | | | - Laure Guillotin
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA) – UMR CNRS 7311 University of Orléans Rue de Chartres, BP6759 45067 Orléans cedex 2 France
| | | | - Pierre Lafite
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA) – UMR CNRS 7311 University of Orléans Rue de Chartres, BP6759 45067 Orléans cedex 2 France
| | - Loïc Lemiègre
- Univ Rennes Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR – UMR6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Richard Daniellou
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA) – UMR CNRS 7311 University of Orléans Rue de Chartres, BP6759 45067 Orléans cedex 2 France
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19
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Boo YC. Arbutin as a Skin Depigmenting Agent with Antimelanogenic and Antioxidant Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071129. [PMID: 34356362 PMCID: PMC8301119 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbutin is a compound of hydroquinone and D-glucose, and it has been over 30 years since there have been serious studies on the skin lightening action of this substance. In the meantime, there have been debates and validation studies about the mechanism of action of this substance as well as its skin lightening efficacy and safety. Several analogs or derivatives of arbutin have been developed and studied for their melanin synthesis inhibitory action. Formulations have been developed to improve the stability, transdermal delivery, and release of arbutin, and device usage to promote skin absorption has been developed. Substances that inhibit melanin synthesis synergistically with arbutin have been explored. The skin lightening efficacy of arbutin alone or in combination with other active ingredients has been clinically evaluated. Combined therapy with arbutin and laser could give enhanced depigmenting efficacy. The use of arbutin causes dermatitis rarely, and caution is recommended for the use of arbutin-containing products, especially from the viewpoint that hydroquinone may be generated during product use. Studies on the antioxidant properties of arbutin are emerging, and these antioxidant properties are proposed to contribute to the skin depigmenting action of arbutin. It is hoped that this review will help to understand the pros and cons of arbutin as a cosmetic ingredient, and will lead to future research directions for developing advanced skin lightening and protecting cosmetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chool Boo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
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20
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Zhang Y, Li M, Liu Z, Fu Q. Arbutin ameliorates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis through activating autophagy in osteoblasts. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1650-1659. [PMID: 33757338 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211002136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic long-term glucocorticoid use causes osteoporosis partly by interrupting osteoblast homeostasis and exacerbating bone loss. Arbutin, a natural hydroquinone glycoside, has been reported to have biological activities related to the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. However, the role and underlying mechanism of arbutin in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis are elusive. In this study, we demonstrated that arbutin administration ameliorated osteoporotic disorders in glucocorticoid dexamethasone (Dex)-induced mouse model, including attenuating the loss of bone mass and trabecular microstructure, promoting bone formation, suppressing bone resorption, and activating autophagy in bone tissues. Furthermore, Dex-stimulated mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with arbutin. Arbutin treatment rescued Dex-induced repression of osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, the downregulation of osteogenic gene expression, reduced autophagic marker expression, and decreased autophagic puncta formation. The application of autophagy inhibitor 3-MA decreased autophagy, differentiation, and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells triggered by arbutin. Taken together, our findings suggest that arbutin treatment fends off glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, partly through promoting differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts by autophagy activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Ziyun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Qin Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
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21
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Saeedi M, Khezri K, Seyed Zakaryaei A, Mohammadamini H. A comprehensive review of the therapeutic potential of α-arbutin. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4136-4154. [PMID: 33724594 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cosmetic dermatology preparations such as bleaching agents are ingredients with skin-related biological activities for increasing and improving skin beauty. The possibility of controlling skin hyperpigmentation disorders is one of the most important research goals in cosmetic preparations. Recently, cosmetics containing herbal and botanical ingredients have attracted many interests for consumers of cosmetic products because these preparations are found safer than other preparations with synthetic components. However, high-quality trial studies in larger samples are needed to confirm safety and clinical efficacy of phytotherapeutic agents with high therapeutic index. Arbutin (p-hydroxyphenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside) is a bioactive hydrophilic polyphenol with two isomers including alpha-arbutin (4-hydroxyphenyl-α-glucopyranoside) and β-arbutin (4-hydroxyphenyl-β-glucopyranoside). It is used as a medicinal plant in phytopharmacy. Studies have shown that alpha-arbutin is 10 times more effective than natural arbutin. A comparison of IC50 values showed that α-arbutin (with concentration 2.0 mM) has a more potent inhibitory activity on human tyrosinase against natural arbutin (with higher concentration than 30 mM). A review of recent studies showed that arbutin could be beneficial in treatment of various diseases such as hyperpigmentation disorders, types of cancers, central nervous system disorders, osteoporosis, diabetes, etc. This study was designed to describe the therapeutic efficiencies of arbutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Saeedi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Khezri
- Deputy of Food and Drug Administration, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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22
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Arbutin alleviates diabetic symptoms by attenuating oxidative stress in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-021-00920-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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Wang CQ, Wang XM, Li BL, Zhang YM, Wang L. Arbutin suppresses osteosarcoma progression via miR-338-3p/MTHFD1L and inactivation of the AKT/mTOR pathway. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 11:289-299. [PMID: 33146000 PMCID: PMC7780106 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbutin, a glycoside extracted from the plant Arctostaphylos uva‐ursi, has been previously reported to possess antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and anticancer effects. Here, we investigated whether arbutin affects the proliferation of the cells of the osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines MG‐63 and SW1353. Arbutin suppressed OS cell viability in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner, as shown by Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay. Furthermore, arbutin exposure decreased the protein levels of MTHFD1L, CCND1 and phosphorylated‐protein kinase B (AKT)/phosphorylated‐mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Potential upstream miRNAs of MTHFD1L were predicted using TargetScan, PICTAR5, miRanda and miRWalk. We performed luciferase activity assays to show that miR‐338‐3p directly targets and negatively regulates the expression of MTHFD1L. Knockdown of miR‐338‐3p promoted cell invasion, migration and proliferation in arbutin‐treated OS cells via MTHFD1L. In summary, our data suggest that arbutin inhibits OS cell proliferation, migration and invasion via miR‐338‐3p/MTHFD1L and by inactivating the AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Qun Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Wang
- Electroencephalogram Room, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, China
| | - Bing-Liang Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, China
| | - Yuan-Min Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, China
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Koul B, Kumar A, Yadav D, Jin JO. Bergenia Genus: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Molecules 2020; 25:E5555. [PMID: 33256153 PMCID: PMC7730924 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Bergenia (Saxifragaceae) genus is native to central Asia and encompasses 32 known species. Among these, nine are of pharmacological relevance. In the Indian system of traditional medicine (Ayurveda), "Pashanabheda" (stone breaker) is an elite drug formulation obtained from the rhizomes of B. ligulata. Bergenia species also possess several other biological activities like diuretic, antidiabetic, antitussive, insecticidal, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, anti-bradykinin, antiviral, antibacterial, antimalarial, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, anticancer, antioxidant, antiobesity, and adaptogenic. This review provides explicit information on the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological significance of the genus Bergenia. The extant literature concerned was systematically collected from various databases, weblinks, blogs, books, and theses to select 174 references for detailed analysis. To date, 152 chemical constituents have been identified and characterized from the genus Bergenia that belong to the chemical classes of polyphenols, phenolic-glycosides, lactones, quinones, sterols, tannins, terpenes, and others. B. crassifolia alone possesses 104 bioactive compounds. Meticulous pharmacological and phytochemical studies on Bergenia species and its conservation could yield more reliable compounds and products of pharmacological significance for better healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupendra Koul
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Research Center for Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, CROM-MASS, CIBIMOL-CENIVAM, Industrial University of Santander, Carrera 27, Calle 9, Edificio 45, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia;
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Jun-O. Jin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
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Enzymatic decolorization of melanin by lignin peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20240. [PMID: 33214596 PMCID: PMC7677534 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76376-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin darkening results as a consequence of the accumulation of skin pigment melanin. To combat this, the amplitude of skin lightening agents are commercially available, most of which inhibit melanin synthesis. Decolorization of melanin is an alternative method of skin lightening. In this study, we show that lignin peroxidase (LiP), an extracellular enzyme purified from Phanerochaete chrysosporium NK-1 isolated from a forest soil can effectively degrade and decolorize melanin in vitro. Decolorization conditions including pH, temperature, incubation time, enzyme concentration, and mediator addition were investigated to optimize the reaction conditions. The results indicate that pH 3, 40 °C, 15 IU/ml, and 10 h incubation were the optimal conditions for the decolorization of the melanin. The use of the mediator, veratryl alcohol was also found effective to enhance the efficacy of the melanin decolonization, with up to 92% decolorization. The scanning electron microscopy results showed void spaces on the treated melanin granules as compared to the untreated sample, indicating the degradation of melanin. Changes in the fingerprint region of the melanin were observed. Between wavenumbers 1500–500 cm−1, for example, the presence of new peaks in the treated melanin at 1513, 1464, and 1139 cm−1 CH2, CH3 bend and C–O–C stretch represented structural changes. A new peak at 2144 cm−1 (alkynyl C≡C stretch) was also detected in the decolorized melanin. The cytotoxicity study has shown that the treated melanin and LiP have low cytotoxic effects; however, the mediator of veratryl alcohol could result in high mortality which suggests that its use should be meticulously tested in formulating health and skincare products. The findings of the study suggest that LiP produced by Phanerochaete chrysosporium has the potential to be used in the medical and cosmetic industries, particularly for the development of biobased cosmetic whitening agents.
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New class of alkynyl glycoside analogues as tyrosinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127276. [PMID: 32527455 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new series of alkynyl glycoside analogues were designed and synthesized from cheap and a commercially available sugar by introduction of various alkynyl and alkyl groups at C-1 and C-6 positions of the sugar ring. The inhibitory abilities of alkynyl glycosides were investigated in vitro on mushroom tyrosinase for the catalysis of l-Tyrosine and l-DOPA as substrates and comparing with arbutin and kojic acid. Non-terminal alkyne compound 2d showed excellent tyrosinase inhibitory activity (IC50 54.0 μM) against l-Tyrosine comparable to arbutin (IC50 1.46 mM) while 2b exhibited potent activities (IC50 34.3 μM) against L-DOPA higher than kojic acid (IC50 0.11 mM) and arbutin (IC50 13.3 mM). Kinetic studies revealed that compound 2d was a non-competitive inhibitor with the best Ki value of 21 μM and formed an irreversible receptor complex with mushroom tyrosinase. The SARs results showed that the type of alkyne and alkyl groups at position C-6 on sugar and the stereoisomer played an important role in determining their inhibitory activities. The potent activity of alkynyl glycosides identified in this study highlight the importance of this scaffold and these compounds are very modestly potent to the development of new class for tyrosinase inhibitor.
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Pandey BP, Pradhan SP, Adhikari K, Nepal S. Bergenia pacumbis from Nepal, an astonishing enzymes inhibitor. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:198. [PMID: 32586304 PMCID: PMC7318538 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02989-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Bergenia species are perennial herbs native to central Asia, and one of the most promising medicinal plants of the family Saxifragaceae which are popularly known as 'Pashanbheda'. The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant and α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipase, tyrosinase, elastase, and cholinesterases inhibition potential of Bergenia pacumbis of Nepali origin collected from the Karnali region of Nepal. METHODS The sequential crude extracts were made in hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water. Antioxidant activities were analyzed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay. The α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipase, tyrosinase, elastase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition were analyzed by the 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA), p-Nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (p-NPG), 4-nitrophenyl butyrate (p-NPB), l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), N-Succinyl-Ala-Ala-p-nitroanilide (AAAPVN), acetylthiocholine, and butyrylcholine as a respective substrate. The major metabolites were identified by high performance liquid chromatography with electron spray ionization- quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) profiling. RESULTS Our results revealed the great antioxidant ability of crude extract of B. pacumbis in ethyl acetate extract against both DPPH (IC50 = 30.14 ± 0.14 μg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 = 17.38 ± 1.12 μg/mL). However, the crude methanol extract of B. pacumbis showed the comparable enzymes inhibitions with standard drugs; α-amylase (IC50 = 14.03 ± 0.04 μg/mL), α-glucosidase (IC50 = 0.29 ± 0.00 μg/mL), lipase (IC50 = 67.26 ± 0.17 μg/mL), tyrosinase (IC50 = 58.25 ± 1.63 μg/mL), elastase (IC50 = 74.00 ± 3.03 μg/mL), acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 31.52 ± 0.58 μg/mL), and butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 = 11.69 ± 0.14 μg/mL). On the basis of HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS profiling of metabolites, we identified major compounds such as Bergenin, Catechin, Arbutin, Gallic acid, Protocatechuic acid, Syringic acid, Hyperoside, Afzelechin, Methyl gallate, Paashaanolactone, Astilbin, Quercetin, Kaempferol-7-O-glucoside, Diosmetin, Phloretin, and Morin in methanol extract which has reported beneficial bioactivities. CONCLUSION Our study provides a plethora of scientific evidence that the crude extracts of B. pacumbis from Nepalese origin in different extracting solvents have shown significant potential on inhibiting free radicals as well as enzymes involved in digestion, skin related problems, and neurological disorders compared with the commercially available drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu Prasad Pandey
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kathmandu University, PO Box No. 6250, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
| | - Suman Prakash Pradhan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kathmandu University, PO Box No. 6250, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Kapil Adhikari
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kathmandu University, PO Box No. 6250, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Saroj Nepal
- H-plant Private Limited, Sanepa, Lalitpur, Nepal
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Su S, Cheng J, Zhang C, Akihisa T, Xu J, Zhu W, Liu W, Kikuchi T, Feng F, Zhang J. Melanogenesis-inhibitory activities of limonoids and tricyclic diterpenoids from Azadirachta indica. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103941. [PMID: 32450387 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The chemical constituents of the roots and bark of Azadirachta indica were investigated, leading to the isolation of six tricyclic diterpenoids and four limonoids including a new compound, azadirachtin J (4). The structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic techniques, mass spectrometry as well as comparison with the literature. Furthermore, melanogenesis-inhibitory activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. As a result, compounds 1-3 and 10 exhibited superior inhibitory activities against melanogenesis with no, or almost no, toxicity to the cells (86.5-105.1% cell viability). Western blot analysis showed that compounds 1 and 3 exhibited melanogenesis inhibitory activities in α-MSH-stimulated B16 melanoma cells due to, at least in part, inhibition of the expression of MITF, followed by a decrease in the expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2. Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited tyrosinase inhibitory activities (IC50 values of 44.86 μM and 69.85 μM respectively). Docking results confirm that the active inhibitors strongly interact with tyrosinase residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhi Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jiaxin Cheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Toshihiro Akihisa
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jian Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wanfang Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Takashi Kikuchi
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1904, Japan
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Zhang X, Li J, Li Y, Liu Z, Lin Y, Huang JA. Anti-melanogenic effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) and gallocatechin-3-gallate (GCG) via down-regulation of cAMP/CREB /MITF signaling pathway in B16F10 melanoma cells. Fitoterapia 2020; 145:104634. [PMID: 32454171 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tea catechins, the main bioactive polyphenols in green tea, are well known for their health promoting effects. Previous studies have shown that gallocatechin-3-gallate (GCG), epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) exerted strong inhibitory effects on mushroom tyrosinase activity in vitro, whilst EGCG inhibited melanogenesis in vivo, yet the underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear. In this study, we (i) evaluated and compared the inhibitory effects of the main tea catechins (GCG, EGCG, and ECG) on melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells, and (ii) explain the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that the tea catechins significantly suppressed tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis in B16F10 cells, where the effects of ECG > EGCG > GCG. Interestingly, the inhibitory effects of the catechins were stronger than those of arbutin (AT), a well-known depigmenting agent. Moreover, GCG, EGCG, and ECG regulated the melanogenesis of B16F10 cells through the cAMP/CREB/MITF pathway. These results revealed catechins could be used as anti-melanogenic agents to protect cells from abnormal melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangna Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
| | - Jian-An Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
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30
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Shim SY, Lee YE, Song HY, Lee M. p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid β-d-Glucosyl Ester and Cimidahurinine with Antimelanogenesis and Antioxidant Effects from Pyracantha angustifolia via Bioactivity-Guided Fractionation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030258. [PMID: 32245245 PMCID: PMC7139487 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated bioactivity-guided fractionation as a means to identify therapeutic phytochemicals from Pyracantha angustifolia that can attenuate melanogenesis and oxidation. Seven compounds with inhibitory effects on melanin production and tyrosinase (TYR) activity, and ABTS and DPPH radical-scavenging activities, which have not been reported as whitening materials, were isolated from the n-butanol fraction from P. angustifolia leaves (PAL). Among the seven compounds, p-hydroxybenzoic acid β-d-glucosylester (HG), and cimidahurinine (CH) had strong inhibitory effects on melanin production and TYR activity, as well as ABTS and DPPH radical-scavenging activities. Western blot analysis showed that HG and CH suppressed tyrosinase-related protein (TYRP)-1 and TYRP-2 expression. Moreover, HG and CH inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-treated B16F10 cells. These results suggest that P. angustifolia containing active compounds, such as HG and CH, is a potent therapeutic candidate for the development of hypopigmenting agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Yup Shim
- Fish Health Center, Chonnam National University, 50 Daehak-Ro, Yeosu-si, Jeonnam 59626, Korea;
| | - Ye Eun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon-si, Jeonnam 57922, Korea; (Y.E.L.); (H.Y.S.)
| | - Hwa Young Song
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon-si, Jeonnam 57922, Korea; (Y.E.L.); (H.Y.S.)
| | - Mina Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon-si, Jeonnam 57922, Korea; (Y.E.L.); (H.Y.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Nguyen JK, Masub N, Jagdeo J. Bioactive ingredients in Korean cosmeceuticals: Trends and research evidence. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 19:1555-1569. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie K. Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
- Dermatology Service VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Brooklyn Campus Brooklyn NY USA
| | - Natasha Masub
- Department of Dermatology SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
- Dermatology Service VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Brooklyn Campus Brooklyn NY USA
| | - Jared Jagdeo
- Department of Dermatology SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
- Dermatology Service VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Brooklyn Campus Brooklyn NY USA
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Zhang LJ, Xie Y, Wang YQ, Xu YY, Mei RQ. Triterpene-farnesyl hydroquinone conjugates from Ganoderma calidophilum. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:2199-2204. [PMID: 31542946 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1667346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Two new lanostane-type triterpenoids characterized with farnesyl hydroquinone moieties, ganocalidoins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the fruiting body of Ganoderma calidophilum, together with two known tripterpenes (3-4). The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined by extensive spectroscopic data including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR. Ganocalidoins A and B showed anti-oxidant capacity with IC50 values of 38.7 ± 2.8 and 34.2 ± 1.8 μM, respectively. The compounds did not show tyrosinase inhibition activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Dr. Plant Skin Care Products Co-Development Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xie
- Dr. Plant Skin Care Products Co-Development Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Qin Wang
- Dr. Plant Skin Care Products Co-Development Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Yong Xu
- Dr. Plant Skin Care Products Co-Development Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Qiang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Dr. Plant Skin Care Products Co-Development Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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Lv L, Zhang J, Tian F, Li X, Li D, Yu X. Arbutin protects HK-2 cells against high glucose-induced apoptosis and autophagy by up-regulating microRNA-27a. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2940-2947. [PMID: 31319730 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1640231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
- Affiliated Jining No.1 People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Fengqun Tian
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxiang County Medicine Hospital, Jiaxiang County, Jining, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Nephrology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Xiulian Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
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Pereira AFC, Igarashi MH, Mercuri M, Pereira AF, Pinheiro ALTA, Silva MS, Facchini G, Eberlin S. Whitening effects of cosmetic formulation in the vascular component of skin pigmentation. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:154-160. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maurizio Mercuri
- Mantercorp Skin Care/Hynova Centro Empresarial Green Valley Barueri Brazil
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Hseu YC, Ho YG, Mathew DC, Yen HR, Chen XZ, Yang HL. The in vitro and in vivo depigmenting activity of Coenzyme Q10 through the down-regulation of α-MSH signaling pathways and induction of Nrf2/ARE-mediated antioxidant genes in UVA-irradiated skin keratinocytes. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 164:299-310. [PMID: 30991050 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme CoQ10 (CoQ10), a ubiquinone compound, has been reported to inhibit tyrosinase activity and melanin production in melanoma B16F10 cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this inhibitory effect is poorly understood. In this paper we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-melanogenic activity of CoQ10 (1-2 μM) in UVA (5 J/cm2)-irradiated keratinocyte HaCaT cells and α-MSH stimulated B16-F10 cells. It was observed that CoQ10 suppressed p53/POMC, α-MSH production as well as inhibited ROS generation in UVA-irradiated keratinocyte HaCaT cells. CoQ10 down-regulated the melanin synthesis in α-MSH-stimulated B16-F10 cells by suppressing the MITF expression by down regulating the cAMP mediated CREB signaling cascades. Furthermore, in vivo evidence demonstrated the inhibitory effect of CoQ10 on endogenous pigmentation in zebrafish. Increased nuclear Nrf2 translocation accompanied by the induction of HO-1 and γ-GCLC genes were observed in CoQ10 treated keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Notably, silencing of Nrf2 (siRNA transfection) significantly diminished CoQ10-mediated anti-melanogenic activity, as evidenced by impaired antioxidant HO-1 gene, uncontrolled ROS generation, and α-MSH production following UVA irradiation. To conclude, CoQ10 is an effective de-pigmention or skin-whitening agent and could be used in cosmetics for topical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Geng Ho
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Dony Chacko Mathew
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xuan-Zao Chen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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Man X, Yang L, Liu S, Yang L, Li M, Fu Q. Arbutin promotes MC3T3‑E1 mouse osteoblast precursor cell proliferation and differentiation via the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4637-4644. [PMID: 30957189 PMCID: PMC6522801 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbutin is a natural compound extracted from various plants, including bearberry leaves, that exerts multiple effects including skin whitening, anti‑inflammatory and oxidative stress‑protective properties. However, the effects of arbutin on osteoblasts remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the function and the mechanisms of arbutin on the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3‑E1 mouse osteoblast precursor cells in vitro. The proliferation of MC3T3‑E1 cells treated with arbutin was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay and a 5‑ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine labeling assay. Additionally, cell cycle and apoptosis were examined using flow cytometry analysis. The effects of arbutin on osteoblast differentiation were investigated using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and by examining the mRNA expression levels of collagen type I α1 chain (COL1A1), bone γ‑carboxyglutamate protein (BGLAP) and Sp7 transcription factor (SP7). To further investigate the molecular mechanism underlying arbutin function in promoting osteogenesis, the mRNA and protein expression levels of runt‑related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and β‑catenin were analyzed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Arbutin significantly promoted MC3T3‑E1 cell proliferation and increased the ratio of cells in S‑phase. Treatment with arbutin increased ALP activity and the mRNA expression levels of COL1A1, BGLAP and SP7 in MC3T3‑E1 cells. Furthermore, the protein and the mRNA expression levels of RUNX2 and β‑catenin increased significantly following treatment with arbutin. Collectively, the present findings suggested that arbutin was able to promote proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3‑E1 cells via the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangji Man
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Liyu Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Shengye Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Qin Fu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
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Lajis AFB, Ariff AB. Discovery of new depigmenting compounds and their efficacy to treat hyperpigmentation: Evidence from in vitro study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:703-727. [PMID: 30866156 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human skin pigmentation is a result of constitutive and facultative pigmentation. Facultative pigmentation is frequently stimulated by UV radiation, pharmacologic drugs, and hormones whereby leads to the development of abnormal skin hyperpigmentation. To date, many state-of-art depigmenting compounds have been studied using in vitro model to treat hyperpigmentation problems for cosmetic dermatological applications; little attention has been made to compare the effectiveness of these depigmenting compounds and their mode of actions. In this present article, new and recent depigmenting compounds, their melanogenic pathway targets, and modes of action are reviewed. This article compares the effectiveness of these new depigmenting compounds to modulate several melanogenesis-regulatory enzymes and proteins such as tyrosinase (TYR), TYR-related protein-1 (TRP1), TYR-related protein-2 (TRP2), microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and N-terminal kinases (JNK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 (p38 MAPK). Other evidences from in vitro assays such as inhibition on melanosomal transfer, proteasomes, nitric oxide, and inflammation-induced melanogenesis are also highlighted. This article also reviews analytical techniques in different assays performed using in vitro model as well as their advantages and limitations. This article also provides an insight on recent finding and re-examination of some protocols as well as their effectiveness and reliability in the evaluation of depigmenting compounds. Evidence and support from related patents are also incorporated in this present article to give an overview on current patented technology, latest trends, and intellectual values of some depigmenting compounds and protocols, which are rarely highlighted in the literatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Firdaus B Lajis
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Arbakariya B Ariff
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Okajima S, Hamamoto A, Asano M, Isogawa K, Ito H, Kato S, Hirata Y, Furuta K, Takemori H. Azepine derivative T4FAT, a new copper chelator, inhibits tyrosinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 509:209-215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Woo SM, Choi WR, Lee DR, Kim HS, Yi C, Kim KH, Kim HL, Cheng J, Le B, Yang SH, Suh JW. Leukodin isolated from Artemisia capillaris inhibits alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone induced melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. Eur J Integr Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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40
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Park SH, Choi E, Kim S, Kim DS, Kim JH, Chang S, Choi JS, Park KJ, Roh KB, Lee J, Yoo BC, Cho JY. Oxidative Stress-Protective and Anti-Melanogenic Effects of Loliolide and Ethanol Extract from Fresh Water Green Algae, Prasiola japonica. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092825. [PMID: 30231594 PMCID: PMC6164637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Loliolide is a monoterpenoid hydroxylactone found in many algae, including fresh water green algae, Prasiola japonica. To date, loliolide and compounds in P. japonica have not been studied systematically with respect to skin pharmacology. In this study, we investigated oxidative stress-protective and anti-melanogenic effects of loliolide and P. japonica ethanol extract (Pj-EE), known to contain loliolide, in human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells and mouse melanoma (B16F10) cells. Loliolide suppressed the transcription of genes encoding matrix metalloproteinases (MMPS), which were induced in HaCaT cells by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment. Loliolide and Pj-EE not only reduced the melanin secretion and content in B16F10 cells but also increased the expression of the antioxidant proteins nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in HaCaT cells subjected to H2O2 treatment. Furthermore, loliolide and Pj-EE decreased expression of the anti-melanogenic protein microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase in B16F10 cells subjected to α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) treatment. Our findings demonstrate that loliolide and Pj-EE have antioxidant and anti-melanogenic effects on skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hee Park
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Eunju Choi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Sunggyu Kim
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
- Research and Business Foundation, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Dong Sam Kim
- Samcheok Prasiola Japonica Research Center, Samcheok City Hall, Samcheok 25914, Korea.
| | - Ji Hyeon Kim
- Samcheok Prasiola Japonica Research Center, Samcheok City Hall, Samcheok 25914, Korea.
| | - SeokGu Chang
- Samcheok Prasiola Japonica Research Center, Samcheok City Hall, Samcheok 25914, Korea.
| | - Jae Seok Choi
- Environmental Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
| | - Kyung Ja Park
- Samcheok Prasiola Japonica Research Center, Samcheok City Hall, Samcheok 25914, Korea.
| | | | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Byong Chul Yoo
- Biomarker Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea.
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
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Zhang J, Li D, Lv Q, Ye F, Jing X, Masters ET, Shimizu N, Abe M, Akihisa T, Feng F. Compositions and melanogenesis-inhibitory activities of the extracts of defatted shea ( Vitellaria paradoxa ) kernels from seven African countries. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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42
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Nishina A, Miura A, Goto M, Terakado K, Sato D, Kimura H, Hirai Y, Sato H, Phay N. Mansonone E from Mansonia gagei Inhibited α-MSH-Induced Melanogenesis in B16 Cells by Inhibiting CREB Expression and Phosphorylation in the PI3K/Akt Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:770-776. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-01045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Airi Miura
- College of Science and Technology, Nihon University
| | | | | | - Daisuke Sato
- Department of Biomedical Information Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University
| | - Hirokazu Kimura
- School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Science, Gunma Paz University
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Ha JH, Jeong YJ, Xuan SH, Lee JY, Park J, Park SN. Methyl-2-acetylamino-3-(4-hydroxyl-3,5-dimethoxybenzoylthio)propanoate suppresses melanogenesis through ERK signaling pathway mediated MITF proteasomal degradation. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 91:S0923-1811(18)30169-5. [PMID: 29735364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is regulated by expression and/or degradation pathway, controlling to the expression of melanogenic enzymes for melanin synthesis. Methyl-2-acetylamino-3-(4-hydroxyl-3,5-dimethoxybenzoylthio)propanoate (MAHDP) is reported to anti-melanogenesis effect but its mechanism remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of MAHDP on melanogenesis and elucidate its mechanism. METHODS Tyrosinase activity, melanogenic proteins and gene expression levels were measured with MAHDP treatment in B16F1 cells, human melanocytes, reconstructed skin and clinical trial. RESULTS MAHDP attenuated melanin production in α-MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone) stimulated-B16F1 cells. MAHDP decreased the expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2). But, MADPH did not affect the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, JNK and AKT, which are associated with the regulation of MITF expression. These results suggest that MITF downstream is regulated not transcriptionally but translationally. Treatment of MG132 (a proteasomal degradation inhibitor) almost abolished the decrease of MITF protein levels by MAHDP. Phosphorylation and ubiquitination of MITF for proteasomal degradation were increased by treatment of MAHDP. Treatment of PD98059 (an ERK phosphorylation inhibitor) abrogated ERK phosphorylation, downregulation of MITF and tyrosinase as well as the decrease of melanin contents by MAHDP. Therefore, the degradation of MITF proteins by MAHDP is regulated to the ERK signaling. Finally, MAHDP improved the pigmentation in human epidermal melanocytes, a UVB-irradiated the reconstructed skin model and clinical trial without cytotoxicity and skin irritation. CONCLUSION These results clearly demonstrate that MAHDP suppresses the expression of melanogenic enzymes through ERK phosphorylation-mediated MITF proteasomal degradation, and suggest that MAHDP may be efficient as a therapeutic agent for hyperpigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Ha
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic R&D Center, Cosmetic Industry Coupled Collaboration Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ju Jeong
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic R&D Center, Cosmetic Industry Coupled Collaboration Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Hua Xuan
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic R&D Center, Cosmetic Industry Coupled Collaboration Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lee
- Daebong LS. Ltd., 692-8, Gojan-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21697, Republic of Korea
| | - Jino Park
- Daebong LS. Ltd., 692-8, Gojan-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21697, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Nam Park
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic R&D Center, Cosmetic Industry Coupled Collaboration Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea.
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Kim E, Kim D, Yoo S, Hong YH, Han SY, Jeong S, Jeong D, Kim JH, Cho JY, Park J. The skin protective effects of compound K, a metabolite of ginsenoside Rb1 from Panax ginseng. J Ginseng Res 2018; 42:218-224. [PMID: 29719469 PMCID: PMC5925615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compound K (CK) is a ginsenoside, a metabolite of Panax ginseng. There is interest both in increasing skin health and antiaging using natural skin care products. In this study, we explored the possibility of using CK as a cosmetic ingredient. METHODS To assess the antiaging effect of CK, RT-PCR was performed, and expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1, cyclooxygenase-2, and type I collagen were measured under UVB irradiation conditions. The skin hydrating effect of CK was tested by RT-PCR, and its regulation was explored through immunoblotting. Melanin content, melanin secretion, and tyrosinase activity assays were performed. RESULTS CK treatment reduced the production of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in UVB irradiated NIH3T3 cells and recovered type I collagen expression level. Expression of skin hydrating factors-filaggrin, transglutaminase, and hyaluronic acid synthases-1 and -2-were augmented by CK and were modulated through the inhibitor of κBα, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, or extracellular signal-regulated kinases pathway. In the melanogenic response, CK did not regulate tyrosinase activity and melanin secretion, but increased melanin content in B16F10 cells was observed. CONCLUSION Our data showed that CK has antiaging and hydrating effects. We suggest that CK could be used in cosmetic products to protect the skin from UVB rays and increase skin moisture level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Material Lab, Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Republic of Korea
| | - Sulgi Yoo
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yun Han
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonggu Jeong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Jeong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseong Park
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Yu F, Pan Z, Qu B, Yu X, Xu K, Deng Y, Liang F. Identification of a tyrosinase gene and its functional analysis in melanin synthesis of Pteria penguin. Gene 2018; 656:1-8. [PMID: 29496552 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a key rate-limiting enzyme in melanin synthesis. In this study, a new tyrosinase gene (Tyr) was identified from Pteria penguin and its effect on melanin synthesis was deliberated by RNA interference (RNAi). The cDNA of PpTyr was 1728 bp long, containing a 5'untranslated region (UTR) of 11 bp, a 3'UTR of 295 bp, and an open reading fragment of 1422 bp encoding 473 amino acids. Amino acid alignment showed PpTyr had the highest (50%) identity to tyrosinase-like protein 1 from Pinctada fucata. Phylogenetic tree analysis classified PpTyr into α-subclass of type-3 copper protein. Tissue expression analysis indicated that PpTyr was highly expressed in mantle, a nacre formation related tissue. After PpTyr RNA interference, PpTyr mRNA was significantly inhibited by 71.0% (P < 0.05). For other melanin-related genes, PpCreb2 and PpPax3 expression showed no significant change, but PpBcl2 was obviously increased. By liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) analysis, the total content of PDCA (pyrrole-2, 3-dicarboxylic acid) and PTCA (pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid), as main markers for eumelanin, was sharply decreased by 66.6% after PpTyr RNAi (P < 0.05). The percentage of PDCA was also obviously decreased from 20.1% to 13.9%. This indicated that tyrosinase played a key role in melanin synthesis and color formation of P. penguin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yu
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, 40 East Jiefang Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Zhenni Pan
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, 40 East Jiefang Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Bingliang Qu
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, 40 East Jiefang Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524025, China.
| | - Xiangyong Yu
- Ocean College, South China Agriculture University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kaihang Xu
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, 40 East Jiefang Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Yuewen Deng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, 40 East Jiefang Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Feilong Liang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, 40 East Jiefang Road, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524025, China
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Effect of Dickkopf1 on the senescence of melanocytes: in vitro study. Arch Dermatol Res 2018; 310:343-350. [PMID: 29442138 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-018-1820-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblasts secrete several growth factors which are important for the regulation of skin pigmentation. Dickkopf1 (DKK1) is also secreted by fibroblasts which inhibit the growth and function of melanocytes. Therefore, the study was designed to check the role of DKK1 in vitiligo pathogenesis. This study confirmed the higher expression of DKK1 in lesional skin of vitiligo patients. In vitro effect of DKK1 on cultured melanocytes revealed decrease in the melanocytes proliferation and pigmentation. In vitro effect of DKK1 was then checked on the melanocytes senescence and found that DKK1 induced senescence in the treated melanocytes. Expression of senescence markers was significantly higher in DKK1 treated melanocytes. This study suggests that higher expression of DKK1 in the dermis induced senescence in melanocytes that may lead to hypopigmentation and play role in vitiligo pathogenesis.
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Yang R, Yang J, Wang L, Huang JP, Xiong Z, Luo J, Yu M, Yan Y, Huang SX. Lorneic Acid Analogues from an Endophytic Actinomycete. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:2615-2619. [PMID: 28990780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Our natural products discovery program utilizes endophytic actinomycetes associated with plants and employs biological assays and HPLC-based metabolite profiles as the preliminary screen to identify strains of interest, followed by large-scale fermentation and isolation, leading to new and/or bioactive natural products. Six new trialkyl-substituted aromatic acids, namely, lorneic acids E-J (1-6), together with two known analogues (7 and 8), were isolated and identified from the culture extract of Streptomyces sp. KIB-H1289, an endophytic actinomycete obtained from the inner tissue of the bark of Betula mandshurica Nakai. The structures were characterized by interpretation of their spectroscopic data, mainly 1D and 2D NMR. Among them, compound 5 contains a unique disulfide bond that is presumably derived from N-acetylcysteine. All isolated metabolites were evaluated for their inhibitory activity on tyrosinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Yang
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Li Wang
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Zijun Xiong
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Mingming Yu
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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Ikeda M, Ishima Y, Kinoshita R, Chuang VTG, Tasaka N, Matsuo N, Watanabe H, Shimizu T, Ishida T, Otagiri M, Maruyama T. A novel S-sulfhydrated human serum albumin preparation suppresses melanin synthesis. Redox Biol 2017; 14:354-360. [PMID: 29040960 PMCID: PMC5975211 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Products of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) stimulate melanin synthesis. Reactive sulfur species (RSS) have been shown to have strong ROS and NO scavenging effects. However, the instability and low retention of RSS limit their use as inhibitors of melanin synthesis. The free thiol at Cys34 on human serum albumin (HSA) is highly stable, has a long retention and possess a high reactivity for RSS. We report herein on the development of an HSA based RSS delivery system. Sulfane sulfur derivatives released from sodium polysulfides (Na2Sn) react readily with HSA. An assay for estimating the elimination of sulfide from polysulfide showed that almost all of the sulfur released from Na2Sn bound to HSA. The Na2Sn-treated HSA was found to efficiently scavenge ROS and NO produced from chemical reagents. The Na2Sn-treated HSA was also found to inhibit melanin synthesis in B16 melanoma cells and this inhibition was independent of the number of added sulfur atoms. In B16 melanoma cells, the Na2Sn-treated HSA also inhibited the levels of ROS and NO induced by UV radiation. Finally, the Na2Sn-treated HSA inhibited melanin synthesis from L-DOPA and mushroom tyrosinase and suppressed the extent of aggregation of melanin pigments. These data suggest that Na2Sn-treated HSA inhibits tyrosinase activity for melanin synthesis via two pathways; by directly inhibiting ROS signaling and by scavenging NO. These findings indicate that Na2Sn-treated HSA has potential to be an attractive and effective candidate for use as a skin whitening agent. We developed of an Reactive sulfur species delivery system based on human serum albumin. The novel polysulfides-added albumin could inhibit melanin synthesis in melanocyte. The polysulfides-added albumin also inhibited the levels of ROS and NO induced by UV radiation. The polysulfides-added albumin has the potential to be an attractive candidate for a whitening agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Ikeda
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
| | - Ryo Kinoshita
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Victor T G Chuang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia
| | - Nanami Tasaka
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Nana Matsuo
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
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Allam AE, Nafady AM, Nakagawa T, Takemoto N, Shimizu K. Effect of polyphenols from Vicia faba L on lipase activity and melanogenesis. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:1920-1925. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1359169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E. Allam
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Alaa M. Nafady
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Toshinori Nakagawa
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naomichi Takemoto
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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50
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Akihisa T, Yokokawa S, Ogihara E, Matsumoto M, Zhang J, Kikuchi T, Koike K, Abe M. Melanogenesis-Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Activities of Limonoids, Alkaloids, and Phenolic Compounds from Phellodendron amurense Bark. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 28425165 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Four limonoids, 1 - 4, five alkaloids, 5 - 9, and four phenolic compounds, 10 - 13, were isolated from a MeOH extract of the bark of Phellodendron amurense (Rutaceae). Among these, compound 13 was new, and its structure was established as rel-(1R,2R,3R)-5-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-1-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)indane-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (γ-di(methyl ferulate)) based on the spectrometric analysis. Upon evaluation of compounds 1 - 13 against the melanogenesis in the B16 melanoma cells induced with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), four compounds, limonin (1), noroxyhydrastinine (6), haplopine (7), and 4-methoxy-1-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one (8), exhibited potent melanogenesis-inhibitory activities with almost no toxicity to the cells. Western blot analysis revealed that compound 6 inhibited melanogenesis, at least in part, by inhibiting the expression of protein levels of tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 in α-MSH-stimulated B16 melanoma cells. In addition, when compounds 1 - 13 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against leukemia (HL60), lung (A549), duodenum (AZ521), and breast (SK-BR-3) cancer cell lines, five compounds, berberine (5), 8, canthin-6-one (9), α-di-(methyl ferulate) (12), and 13, exhibited cytotoxicities against one or more cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 2.6 - 90.0 μm. In particular, compound 5 exhibited strong cytotoxicity against AZ521 (IC50 2.6 μm) which was superior to that of the reference cisplatin (IC50 9.5 μm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Akihisa
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.,Akihisa Medical Clinic, 1086-3 Kamo, Sanda-shi, Hyogo, 669-1311, Japan
| | - Satoru Yokokawa
- College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8308, Japan
| | - Eri Ogihara
- College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8308, Japan
| | - Masahiro Matsumoto
- College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8308, Japan
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Takashi Kikuchi
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Kazuo Koike
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiko Abe
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
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