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Li R, Pan Y, Jing N, Wang T, Shi Y, Hao L, Zhu J, Lu J. Flavonoids from mulberry leaves exhibit sleep-improving effects via regulating GABA and 5-HT receptors. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2025; 337:118734. [PMID: 39374877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mulberry leaf (Folium Mori) is a dried leaf of the dicotyledonous mulberry tree and is a homologous food and medicine. Treating insomnia with it is a common practice in traditional Chinese medicine. But still, its potential sleep-improving mechanism remains to be elucidated. AIM OF REVIEW Potential bioactive components and mechanisms of the sleep-improving effect of purified flavone from mulberry leaves (MLF) were explored through in vivo experiments, network pharmacology analysis, and molecular experimental validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mice model was established by pentobarbital sodium induction to evaluate the sleep-improving effect of MLF. The MLF's chemical composition was identified through a liquid chromatograph quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Q-TOF LC/MS) to elucidate its sleep-improving active ingredient. At last, the underlying mechanism of MLF's sleep-improving effect was elucidated through neurotransmitter detection (ELISA), network pharmacology analysis, and molecular experimental validation (quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting). RESULTS MLF could dramatically reduce sleep latency by 35%, prolong sleep duration by 123%, and increase the sleep rate of mice through increasing γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin (5-HT) release in serum, hypothalamus, and hippocampus. Q-TOF LC/MS identified 17 flavonoid components in MLF. Network pharmacological analysis suggested that the key sleep-improving active ingredients in MLF might be quercetin, kaempferol, morin, and delphinidin. The key path for MLF to improve sleep might be the tryptophan metabolism and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, and the key targets might be gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha2 Gene (GABRA2) and serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptors. CONCLUSIONS MLF has shown significant sleep-improving effects in mice and may take effect through regulating the GABA and 5-HT receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan, 462300, China.
| | - Yongkang Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan, 462300, China.
| | - Nannan Jing
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan, 462300, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan, 462300, China.
| | - Yanling Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan, 462300, China.
| | - Limin Hao
- Systems Engineering Institute, Academy of Military Sciences (AMS), Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Jiaqing Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan, 462300, China.
| | - Jike Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan, 462300, China.
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Xiong J, Xie L, Huang Y, Zhu J, Hong Z, Qian H, Liu J. Therapeutic effects of melatonin on the lungs of rats exposed to passive smoking. Respir Res 2024; 25:411. [PMID: 39563345 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-03042-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Passive smoke has a significant impact on lung function and constitutes a critical public health issue, as smoking generates free radicals that damage the lungs and other tissues. Currently, limited research exists on whether the antioxidant melatonin can mitigate lung damage caused by smoking. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms through which melatonin alleviates acute lung disease induced by passive smoking. METHODS Rats were divided into five groups (n = 6): a control group and three groups exposed to low, medium, and high concentrations of smoke, and a melatonin treatment group. RESULTS Data indicated that in the high concentration passive smoking group, the alveolar structure of the lung tissue was destroyed, and the total antioxidant capacity in lung tissue diminished as the concentration of smoke increased. The expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β exhibited similar results. The anti-apoptotic factors Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL mRNA level significantly decreased in the high concentration smoking group, while no significant changes were observed in the medium and low concentration groups. Conversely, the high concentration passive smoking increased the pro-apoptotic factors Bax and Caspase-3 mRNA levels. Additionally, endogenous melatonin levels in lung tissue gradually decreased following exposure to smoke, whereas the exogenous melatonin alleviated the changes in inflammatory factors and apoptosis-related factors in lung tissue. Furthermore, at high smoking concentrations, the mRNA levels of lung cancer-related genes vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cytochromeP450 1A1 (CYP1A1), and cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) were significantly increased, while exogenous melatonin reduced the expression of these genes in lung tissue. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that melatonin can diminish lung tissue damage, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses induced by passive smoking, as well as decrease the expression of lung cancer-related genes. Further experimental investigations involving exogenous melatonin treatments will be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Qixia, Nanjing, 210046, China.
| | - Li Xie
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Qixia, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - YiRan Huang
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Qixia, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - JiaHui Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Qixia, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - ZhiYan Hong
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Qixia, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - HaoYun Qian
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Qixia, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Qixia, Nanjing, 210046, China
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Mokhosoev IM, Astakhov DV, Terentiev AA, Moldogazieva NT. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase systems: Diversity and plasticity for adaptive stress response. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 193:19-34. [PMID: 39245215 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2024.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Superfamily of cytochromes P450 (CYPs) is composed of heme-thiolate-containing monooxygenase enzymes, which play crucial roles in the biosynthesis, bioactivation, and detoxification of a variety of organic compounds, both endogenic and exogenic. Majority of CYP monooxygenase systems are multi-component and contain various redox partners, cofactors and auxiliary proteins, which contribute to their diversity in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Recent progress in bioinformatics and computational biology approaches make it possible to undertake whole-genome and phylogenetic analyses of CYPomes of a variety of organisms. Considerable variations in sequences within and between CYP families and high similarity in secondary and tertiary structures between all CYPs along with dramatic conformational changes in secondary structure elements of a substrate binding site during catalysis have been reported. This provides structural plasticity and substrate promiscuity, which underlie functional diversity of CYPs. Gene duplication and mutation events underlie CYP evolutionary diversity and emergence of novel selectable functions, which provide the involvement of CYPs in high adaptability to changing environmental conditions and dietary restrictions. In our review, we discuss the recent advancements and challenges in the elucidating the evolutionary origin and mechanisms underlying the CYP monooxygenase system diversity and plasticity. Our review is in the view of hypothesis that diversity of CYP monooxygenase systems is translated into the broad metabolic profiles, and this has been acquired during the long evolutionary time to provide structural plasticity leading to high adaptative capabilities to environmental stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitry V Astakhov
- Department of Biochemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A Terentiev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia
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Lim SYM, Pan Y, Alshagga M, Lim W, Cin K, Alshehade SA, Alshawsh M. CYP14 family in Caenorhabditis elegans: Mitochondrial function, detoxification, and lifespan. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:1647-1656. [PMID: 38472099 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
CYP-14 members of the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme family, plays important roles in mitochondrial dysfunction, detoxification, lipid metabolism, defense and lifespan regulation. The review identifies CYP-14 members: cyp-14A1, cyp-14A2, cyp-14A3, cyp-14A4, cyp-14A5 and their homology with human CYP families. Despite limited studies on C. elegans cyp-14 members, the findings unraveled their complex crosstalk between mitochondrial stress, detoxification mechanisms, and lifespan regulation, emphasizing the complexity of these interconnected pathways as well as how their regulation depends on environmental cues changes including pH, nutrients, ROS and chemical stressors. The review underscores the translational relevance to human health, shedding light on potential human homologues and their implications in age-related, metabolic and respiratory diseases. Among other genes, cyp-14A2 and cyp-14A4 predominate the mitochondrial function, heat resistance, lipid metabolism, detoxification and lifespan pathways. In conclusion, these insights pave the way for future research, offering promising avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting CYP-14 activity to address age-related diseases and promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharoen Yu Ming Lim
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Business, Design and Arts, Swinburne University of Technology, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Yan Pan
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mustafa Alshagga
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Willone Lim
- Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Kong Cin
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Salah A Alshehade
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Bio-Medical Sciences, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Alshawsh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Castel N, Vitkin E, Shabo S, Berl A, Wise J, Duenyas A, Cohen EMA, Golberg A, Shalom A. Proteome Expression Signatures: Differences between Orbital and Subcutaneous Abdominal Adipose Tissues. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:1308. [PMID: 39459608 PMCID: PMC11509502 DOI: 10.3390/life14101308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Revised: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Differences between orbital and subcutaneous abdominal fat in the same patient have been noted but not formally investigated, previously. The objective of this research was to compare the differential expression of protein profiles in subcutaneous abdominal and orbital adipose tissues. In this cross-sectional, observational study, orbital fat tissue was sampled from 10 patients who underwent blepharoplasty and agreed to provide a small sample of subcutaneous abdominal fat. Shotgun mass spectrometry was performed on the extracted proteome. Data were analyzed using protein appearance patterns, differential expression and statistical enrichment. Protein analysis revealed significant differences in proteomics and differential expression between the orbital and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissues, which presented five proteins that were uniquely expressed in the orbital fat and 18 in the subcutaneous abdominal fat. Gene Ontology analysis identified significantly different cellular processes and components related to the extracellular matrix or basement membrane components. This analysis shows the differences between orbital and subcutaneous abdominal fat found in proteomics differential expression, uniquely expressed proteins, and cellular processes. Further research is needed to correlate specific proteins and cellular processes to the mechanism of fat accumulation and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Castel
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava 4428164, Israel (A.B.)
| | - Edward Vitkin
- Department of Environmental Studies, Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel (E.M.A.C.)
| | - Sharon Shabo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava 4428164, Israel (A.B.)
| | - Ariel Berl
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava 4428164, Israel (A.B.)
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Julia Wise
- Department of Environmental Studies, Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel (E.M.A.C.)
| | - Amir Duenyas
- Department of Environmental Studies, Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel (E.M.A.C.)
| | - Eliyahu Michael Aharon Cohen
- Department of Environmental Studies, Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel (E.M.A.C.)
| | - Alexander Golberg
- Department of Environmental Studies, Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel (E.M.A.C.)
| | - Avshalom Shalom
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava 4428164, Israel (A.B.)
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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Liu T, Hu LX, Han Y, Xiao S, Dong LL, Yang YY, Liu YS, Zhao JL, Ying GG. Non-target discovery and risk prediction of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and transformation products in wastewater treatment systems. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135081. [PMID: 38964036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) serve as the main destination of many wastes containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Here, we investigated the occurrence and transformation of PFAS and their transformation products (TPs) in wastewater treatment systems using high-resolution mass spectrometry-based target, suspect, and non-target screening approaches. The results revealed the presence of 896 PFAS and TPs in aqueous and sludge phases, of which 687 were assigned confidence levels 1-3 (46 PFAS and 641 TPs). Cyp450 metabolism and environmental microbial degradation were found to be the primary metabolic transformation pathways for PFAS within WWTPs. An estimated 52.3 %, 89.5 %, and 13.6 % of TPs were believed to exhibit persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity effects, respectively, with a substantial number of TPs posing potential health risks. Notably, the length of the fluorinated carbon chain in PFAS and TPs was likely associated with increased hazard, primarily due to the influence of biodegradability. Ultimately, two high riskcompounds were identified in the effluent, including one PFAS (Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid) and one enzymatically metabolized TP (23-(Perfluorobutyl)tricosanoic acid@BTM0024_cyp450). It is noteworthy that the toxicity of some TPs exceeded that of their parent compounds. The results from this study underscores the importance of PFAS TPs and associated environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li-Xin Hu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yu Han
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sheng Xiao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liang-Li Dong
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - You-Sheng Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian-Liang Zhao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Kot M, Simiczyjew A, Wądzyńska J, Ziętek M, Matkowski R, Nowak D. Characterization of two melanoma cell lines resistant to BRAF/MEK inhibitors (vemurafenib and cobimetinib). Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:410. [PMID: 39175042 PMCID: PMC11342534 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01788-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRAF (v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1)/MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase) inhibitors are used for melanoma treatment. Unfortunately, patients treated with this combined therapy develop resistance to treatment quite quickly, but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not yet fully understood. Here, we report and characterize two melanoma cell lines (WM9 and Hs294T) resistant to BRAF (vemurafenib) and MEK (cobimetinib) inhibitors. METHODS Cell viability was assessed via the XTT test. The level of selected proteins as well as activation of signaling pathways were evaluated using Western blotting. The expression of the chosen genes was assessed by RT-PCR. The distribution of cell cycle phases was analyzed by flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy was used to take photos of spheroids. The composition of cytokines secreted by cells was determined using a human cytokine array. RESULTS The resistant cells had increased survival and activation of ERK kinase in the presence of BRAF/MEK inhibitors. The IC50 values for these cells were over 1000 times higher than for controls. Resistant cells also exhibited elevated activation of AKT, p38, and JNK signaling pathways with increased expression of EGFR, ErbB2, MET, and PDGFRβ receptors as well as reduced expression of ErbB3 receptor. Furthermore, these cells demonstrated increased expression of genes encoding proteins involved in drug transport and metabolism. Resistant cells also exhibited features of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells as well as reduced proliferation rate and elevated cytokine secretion. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this work describes BRAF/MEK-inhibitor-resistant melanoma cells, allowing for better understanding the underlying mechanisms of resistance. The results may thus contribute to the development of new, more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kot
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw, 50-383, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Simiczyjew
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw, 50-383, Poland.
| | - Justyna Wądzyńska
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw, 50-383, Poland
| | - Marcin Ziętek
- Department of Oncology, Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Plac Hirszfelda 12, Wroclaw, 53-413, Poland
- Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology, and Hematology Center, Plac Hirszfelda 12, Wroclaw, 53-413, Poland
| | - Rafał Matkowski
- Department of Oncology, Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Plac Hirszfelda 12, Wroclaw, 53-413, Poland
- Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology, and Hematology Center, Plac Hirszfelda 12, Wroclaw, 53-413, Poland
| | - Dorota Nowak
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw, 50-383, Poland
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Meng D, Dong Y, Shang Q, Sun Z. Anti-tumor effect and hepatotoxicity mechanisms of psoralen. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1442700. [PMID: 39161897 PMCID: PMC11331265 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1442700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, natural products have gradually become an important source for new drug development due to their advantages of multi-components, multi-targets, and good safety profiles. Psoralen, a furanocoumarin compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine psoralea corylifolia, is widely distributed among various plants. It has attracted widespread attention in the research community due to its pharmacological activities, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. Studies have shown that psoralen has broad spectrum anti-tumor activities, offering resistance to malignant tumors such as breast cancer, liver cancer, glioma, and osteosarcoma, making it a natural, novel potential antitumor drug. Psoralen mainly exerts its antitumor effects by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting tumor cell migration, and reversing multidrug resistance, presenting a wide application prospect in the field of antitumor therapy. With the deepening research on psoralea corylifolia, its safety has attracted attention, and reports on the hepatotoxicity of psoralen have gradually increased. Therefore, this article reviews recent studies on the mechanism of antitumor effects of psoralen and focuses on the molecular mechanisms of its hepatotoxicity, providing insights for the clinical development of low-toxicity, high-efficiency antitumor drugs and the safety of clinical medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Meng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanling Dong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qingxin Shang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyuan Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Wei Y, Xiong Y, Liao Q, Yang Y, Tian T, Guo X, Dong S, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Li B, Xu Z, Zhu W, Ge G. Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives as highly potent hCYP1B1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 107:129776. [PMID: 38692523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Human cytochrome P450 1B1 enzyme (hCYP1B1), a member of hCYP1 subfamily, plays a crucial role in multiple diseases by participating in many metabolic pathways. Although a suite of potent hCYP1B1 inhibitors have been previously reported, most of them also act as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists that can up-regulate the expression of hCYP1B1 and then counteract their inhibitory potential in living systems. This study aimed to develop novel efficacious hCYP1B1 inhibitors that worked well in living cells but without AhR agonist effects. For these purposes, a series of 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives were designed and synthesized, and their structure-activity relationships (SAR) as hCYP1B1 inhibitors were analyzed. Following three rounds SAR studies, several potent hCYP1B1 inhibitors were discovered, among which compound 3n was selected for further investigations owing to its extremely potent anti-hCYP1B1 activity (IC50 = 0.040 nM) and its blocking AhR transcription activity in living cells. Inhibition kinetic analyses showed that 3n potently inhibited hCYP1B1 via a mix inhibition manner, showing a Ki value of 21.71 pM. Docking simulations suggested that introducing a pyrimidine moiety to the hit compound (1d) facilitated 3n to form two strong interactions with hCYP1B1/heme, viz., the C-Br⋯π halogen bond and the N-Fe coordination bond. Further investigations demonstrated that 3n (5 μM) could significantly reverse the paclitaxel (PTX) resistance in H460/PTX cells, evidenced by the dramatically reduced IC50 values, from 632.6 nM (PTX alone) to 100.8 nM (PTX plus 3n). Collectively, this study devised a highly potent hCYP1B1 inhibitor (3n) without AhR agonist effect, which offered a promising drug candidate for overcoming hCYP1B1-associated drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qingyi Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ya Yang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiqian Guo
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Sanfeng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianming Zhu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhijian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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10
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Lehner AF, Johnson SD, Dirikolu L, Johnson M, Buchweitz JP. Mass spectrometric methods for evaluation of voriconazole avian pharmacokinetics and the inhibition of its cytochrome P450-induced metabolism. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:654-668. [PMID: 38389412 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2322675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Invasive fungal aspergillosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in many species including avian species such as common ravens (Corvus corax). Methods were developed for mass spectral determination of voriconazole in raven plasma as a means of determining pharmacokinetics of this antifungal agent. Without further development, GC/MS/MS (gas chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry) proved to be inferior to LC/MS/MS (liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry) for measurement of voriconazole levels in treated raven plasma owing to numerous heat-induced breakdown products despite protection of voriconazole functional groups with trimethylsilyl moieties. LC/MS/MS measurement revealed in multi-dosing experiments that the ravens were capable of rapid or ultrarapid metabolism of voriconazole. This accounted for the animals' inability to raise the drug into the therapeutic range regardless of dosing regimen unless cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibitors were included. Strategic selection of CYP inhibitors showed that of four selected compounds including cimetidine, enrofloxacin and omeprazole, only ciprofloxacin (Cipro) was able to maintain voriconazole levels in the therapeutic range until the end of the dosing period. The optimal method of administration involved maintenance doses of voriconazole at 6 mg/kg and ciprofloxacin at 20 mg/kg. Higher doses of voriconazole such as 18 mg/kg were also tenable without apparent induction of toxicity. Although most species employ CYP2C19 to metabolize voriconazole, it was necessary to speculate that voriconazole might be subject to metabolism by CYP1A2 in the ravens to explain the utility of ciprofloxacin, a previously unknown enzymatic route. Finally, despite its widespread catalog of CYP inhibitions including CYP1A2 and CYP2C19, cimetidine may be inadequate at enhancing voriconazole levels owing to its known effects on raising gastric pH, a result that may limit voriconazole solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas F Lehner
- Section of Toxicology, Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sharmie D Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Services, Wildlife World Zoo & Aquarium & Safari Park, Litchfield Park, AZ, USA
| | - Levent Dirikolu
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Margaret Johnson
- Section of Toxicology, Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - John P Buchweitz
- Section of Toxicology, Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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11
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Chen Z, Zhang G, Xie M, Zheng Z, Chen Y, Zhang N, Guo Y, Wang Z, Dong Z. Toxic effects of environmental concentration Bisphenol AF exposure on the survival, growth and reproduction of adult male Oryzias curvinotus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 280:109903. [PMID: 38508354 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF) is a novel environmental endocrine disruptor, and is widely detected in the aquatic environment, which is a potential threat to the health of fish. In this study, male Oryzias curvinotus were exposed to environmental concentrations (0.93 and 9.33 μg/L) of BPAF for 21 days. The effects of BPAF on survival, growth, reproduction, liver and testis histology, and gene transcriptional profiles of O. curvinotus were investigated. The results showed that the survival rate of male O. curvinotus slight decrease with increasing BPAF concentration, and there was no significant effect on body length, body weight, and K-factor. BPAF (9.33 μg/L) caused significant changes in testicular structure and reduced spermatid count in O. curvinotus. Changes in transcript levels of some antioxidant-related genes in gills and liver following BPAF exposure, imply an effect of BPAF on the immune system. After BPAF exposure, chgs and vtgs were up-regulated, validating the estrogenic effect of BPAF. In the hypothalamic - pituitary - gonadal axis (HPG) results, erα, erγ and cyp19a1b were all up-regulated in the brain, and the 0.93 μg/L BPAF group was more up-regulated than the 9.33 μg/L BPAF group. In testis, BPAF significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression level of cyp17a1 and cyp11b, while significantly down-regulated mRNA expression level of cyp11a, and cyp19a1 was significantly down-regulated only in the 0.93 μg/L BPAF group. In conclusion, environmental levels of BPAF have adverse effects on the survival and reproduction of O. curvinotus, and the potential toxic effects of environmental levels of BPAF cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuchun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Guiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Minghua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zikang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yuebi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yusong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhongduo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhongdian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
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12
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Kumar V, Karam Q, Shajan AB, Al-Nuaimi S, Sattari Z, El-Dakour S. Transcriptome analysis of Sparidentex hasta larvae exposed to water-accommodated fraction of Kuwait crude oil. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3591. [PMID: 38351213 PMCID: PMC10864312 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities have been shown to significantly affect marine life. Water pollution and oil spills are particularly deleterious to the fish population, especially during their larval stage. In this study, Sobaity-sea bream Sparidentex hasta (Valenciennes, 1830) larvae were exposed to serial dilutions of water-accommodated fraction of Kuwait crude oil (KCO-WAF) for varying durations (3, 6, 24, 48, 72 or 96 h) in acute exposure regime. Gene expression was assessed using RNA sequencing and validated through RT-qPCR. The RNA sequencing data were aligned to the sequenced genome, and differentially expressed genes were identified in response to treatment with or without KCO-WAF at various exposure times. The highest number of differentially expressed genes was observed at the early time point of 6 h of post-exposure to KCO-WAF. The lowest number of differentially expressed genes were noticed at 96 h of treatment indicating early response of the larvae to KCO-WAF contaminant. The acquired information on the differentially expressed genes was then used for functional and pathway analysis. More than 90% of the differentially expressed genes had a significant BLAST match, with the two most common matching species being Acanthopagrus latus and Sparus aurata. Approximately 65% of the differentially expressed genes had Gene Ontology annotations, whereas > 35% of the genes had KEGG pathway annotations. The differentially expressed genes were found to be enriched for various signaling pathways (e.g., MAPK, cAMP, PI3K-Akt) and nervous system-related pathways (e.g., neurodegeneration, axon guidance, glutamatergic synapse, GABAergic synapse). Early exposure modulated the signaling pathways, while KCO-WAF exposure of larvae for a longer duration affected the neurodegenerative/nervous system-related pathways. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed the differential expression of genes at each time point. These findings provide insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of the deleterious effects of acute exposure to oil pollution-on marine fish populations, particularly at the early larval stage of Sparidentex hasta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Safat, Kuwait.
| | - Qusaie Karam
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Anisha B Shajan
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Sabeeka Al-Nuaimi
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Zainab Sattari
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Saleem El-Dakour
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Safat, Kuwait
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13
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Sepp T, Baines C, Kreitsberg R, Scharsack JP, Nogueira P, Lang T, Fort J, Sild E, Clarke JT, Tuvikene A, Meitern R. Differences on the level of hepatic transcriptome between two flatfish species in response to liver cancer and environmental pollution levels. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 275:109781. [PMID: 37923151 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors can cause cancer in both wild animals and humans. In ecological settings, genetic variation and natural selection can sometimes produce resilience to the negative impacts of environmental change. An increase in oncogenic substances in natural habitats has therefore, unintentionally, created opportunities for using polluted habitats to study cancer defence mechanisms. The Baltic and North Sea are among the most contaminated marine areas, with a long history of pollution. Two flatfish species (flounder, Platichthys flesus and dab, Limanda limanda) are used as ecotoxicological indicator species due to pollution-induced liver cancer. Cancer is more prevalent in dab, suggesting species-specific differences in vulnerability and/or defence mechanisms. We conducted gene expression analyses for 30 flatfishes. We characterize between- and within-species patterns in potential cancer-related mechanisms. By comparing cancerous and healthy fishes, and non-cancerous fishes from clean and polluted sites, we suggest also genes and related physiological mechanisms that could contribute to a higher resistance to pollution-induced cancer in flounders. We discovered changes in transcriptome related to elevated pollutant metabolism, alongside greater tumour suppression mechanisms in the liver tissue of flounders compared to dabs. This suggests either hormetic upregulation of tumour suppression or a stronger natural selection pressure for higher cancer resistance for flounders in polluted environment. Based on gene expression patterns seen in cancerous and healthy fish, for liver cancer to develop in flounders, genetic defence mechanisms need to be suppressed, while in dabs, analogous process is weak or absent. We conclude that wild species could offer novel insights and ideas for understanding the nature and evolution of natural cancer defence mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuul Sepp
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia. https://twitter.com/@TuulSeppLab
| | - Ciara Baines
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia; Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Mäealuse 14, 12618 Tallinn, Harju County, Estonia
| | - Randel Kreitsberg
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jörn Peter Scharsack
- Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Herwigstraße 31, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Pedro Nogueira
- Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Herwigstraße 31, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Thomas Lang
- Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Herwigstraße 31, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jérôme Fort
- Littoral, Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR7266 CNRS - La Rochelle University, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Elin Sild
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - John T Clarke
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia; GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 Munich, Germany; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Paleontology & Geobiology, Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 Munich, Germany; Department of Ecology and Biogeography, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Arvo Tuvikene
- Estonian University of Life Sciences, Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwaldi 1a, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Richard Meitern
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
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14
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Xodo S, Londero AP, Orsaria M, Marzinotto S, Colussi G, Cagnacci A, Mariuzzi L, Gri G. Examining the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Network in the Placental Tissues of Pregnancies Complicated by Pre-Eclampsia: An Explorative Case-Control Analysis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2122. [PMID: 38004262 PMCID: PMC10672047 DOI: 10.3390/life13112122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality associated with pre-eclampsia, which are caused partly by premature delivery, affect a factual proportion of pregnancies. Despite its prevalence, the underlying causes of pre-eclampsia remain elusive, with emerging evidence implicating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in its pathogenesis. This study sought to elucidate the involvement of the AhR and its associated pathway in pre-eclampsia by comparing placental components of the AhR pathway in pregnant individuals with and without pre-eclampsia. This case-control investigation was conducted at the University Hospital of Udine from May 2021 to February 2023. The AhR was assessed using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, and its mRNA was evaluated using a Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR. Levels of mRNA expression were also estimated for other components of the AhR pathway (CYP1B1, IDO1, ARNT, TIPARP, S100A4, and AHRR). Our findings show decreased levels of expression of AhR, IDO1, ARNT, TiPARP, and S100A4 in the placental tissues of individuals with pre-eclampsia compared to controls (p < 0.05). The AhR exhibited a distinct localization within the syncytiotrophoblast (nuclei and cytoplasm) and CD45-positive cells (nuclei and cytoplasm). Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between the AhR and S100A4 (rho = 0.81) was observed in normal placentas, while CYP1B1 displayed a significant negative correlation with the AhR (rho = -0.72), within addition to its negative correlation with TiPARP (rho = -0.83). This study illuminates pre-eclampsia's molecular aberrations, suggesting new diagnostic, therapeutic, and mechanistic approaches. This study emphasizes the need for more research to validate and broaden these findings to improve the management of this complex pregnancy condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Xodo
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine”, DAME, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Ambrogio P. Londero
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy;
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Orsaria
- Institute of Pathology, “Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine”, DAME, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.O.)
| | - Stefania Marzinotto
- Institute of Pathology, “Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine”, DAME, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.O.)
| | - Gianluca Colussi
- Hypertension Unit, Department of Medicine, ASFO “Santa Maria degli Angeli” Hospital of Pordenone, 33170 Pordenone, Italy;
| | - Angelo Cagnacci
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Infant Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy;
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Mariuzzi
- Institute of Pathology, “Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine”, DAME, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.O.)
| | - Giorgia Gri
- DIMEC—Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
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15
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Liang Y, Gong Y, Jiang Q, Yu Y, Zhang J. Environmental endocrine disruptors and pregnane X receptor action: A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 179:113976. [PMID: 37532173 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a kind of orphan nuclear receptor activated by a series of ligands. Environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) are a wide class of molecules present in the environment that are suspected to have adverse effects on the endocrine system by interfering with the synthesis, transport, degradation, or action of endogenous hormones. Since EEDs may modulate human/rodent PXR, this review aims to summarize EEDs as PXR modulators, including agonists and antagonists. The modular structure of PXR is also described, interestingly, the pharmacology of PXR have been confirmed to vary among different species. Furthermore, PXR play a key role in the regulation of endocrine function. Endocrine disruption of EEDs via PXR and its related pathways are systematically summarized. In brief, this review may provide a way to understand the roles of EEDs in interaction with the nuclear receptors (such as PXR) and the related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yiyao Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Qiuyan Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yifan Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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16
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Han Y, Akhtar J, Liu G, Li C, Wang G. Early warning and diagnosis of liver cancer based on dynamic network biomarker and deep learning. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:3478-3489. [PMID: 38213892 PMCID: PMC10782000 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Early detection of complex diseases like hepatocellular carcinoma remains challenging due to their network-driven pathology. Dynamic network biomarkers (DNB) based on monitoring changes in molecular correlations may enable earlier predictions. However, DNB analysis often overlooks disease heterogeneity. Methods We integrated DNB analysis with graph convolutional neural networks (GCN) to identify critical transitions during hepatocellular carcinoma development in a mouse model. A DNB-GCN model was constructed using transcriptomic data and gene expression levels as node features. Results DNB analysis identified a critical transition point at 7 weeks of age despite histological examinations being unable to detect cancerous changes at that time point. The DNB-GCN model achieved 100% accuracy in classifying healthy and cancerous mice, and was able to accurately predict the health status of newly introduced mice. Conclusion The integration of DNB analysis and GCN demonstrates potential for the early detection of complex diseases by capturing network structures and molecular features that conventional biomarker discovery methods overlook. The approach warrants further development and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Han
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Javed Akhtar
- Biomedical Science and Engineering, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Biomedical Science and Engineering, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Chenzhong Li
- Biomedical Science and Engineering, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Guanyu Wang
- Biomedical Science and Engineering, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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17
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Alammari AH, Gerges SH, Isse FA, El-Kadi AOS. 6-Formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole Protects Against Angiotensin II-Induced Cellular Hypertrophy through the Induction of Cytochrome P450 1A1 and Its Associated 19(S)-HETE Metabolite In Vitro. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:833-843. [PMID: 37185150 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a multifunctional receptor that regulates cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), an arachidonic acid (AA) metabolizing enzyme producing 19-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE). 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ) demonstrates great affinity toward the AhR. Recently, we have shown that 19(S)-HETE is preferentially cardioprotective. This study investigates the role of FICZ on AhR and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1-mediated AA metabolism and whether it attenuates angiotensin (Ang) II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Adult human ventricular cardiomyocytes cell line treated with FICZ in the presence and absence of Ang II 10 μM. Protein levels of AhR and CYPs were determined by Western blot analysis and the mRNA expression of cardiac hypertrophic markers and CYPs were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. CYP1A1 enzyme activity and proteasomal degradation were determined by 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase and proteasome 20S activity assays, respectively. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure AA metabolites. Our results show that Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy modulates AA metabolites in an enantioselective manner, and that FICZ activates AhR in a time-dependent manner, inhibits AhR proteasomal degradation, induces CYP1A1, increases the concentration of 19(S)-HETE, and attenuates Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the hypertrophic markers and decreasing cell surface area through midchain-HETE-dependent mechanism. In conclusion, the results demonstrate the ability of FICZ to protect against Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy by increasing the concentration of 19(S)-HETE through AhR regulated enzyme induction and inhibition of midchain-HETEs metabolites. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study shows that 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole attenuate angiotensin II-induced cellular hypertrophy. The novel findings of our investigation are in characterizing the aryl hydrocarbon receptor involvement and the enantioselective differences in arachidonic acid metabolism in cardiac hypertrophy, which opens a new pathway to tackle and eventually treat heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H Alammari
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Samar H Gerges
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fadumo Ahmed Isse
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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18
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Hou Z, Li Y, Zheng M, Liu X, Zhang Q, Wang W. Regioselective oxidation of heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons catalyzed by cytochrome P450: A case study of carbazole. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 258:114964. [PMID: 37121081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently there are increasing interests in accurately evaluating the health effects of heterocyclic PAHs. However, the activation mechanism and possible metabolites of heterocyclic PAHs catalyzed by human CYP1A1 is still elusive to a great extent. Here, leveraged to high level QM/MM calculations, the corresponding activation pathways of a representative heterocyclic PAHs, carbazole, were systematically explored. The first stage is electrophilic addition or hydrogen abstraction from N-H group. Electrophilic addition was evidenced to be more feasible and regioselectivity at C3 and C4 sites were identified. Correlations between energy barriers and key structural/electrostatic parameters reveal that O-Cα distance and Fe-O-Cα angle are the main origin for the catalytic regioselectivity. Electrophilic addition was determined as the rate-determining step and the subsequent possible reactions include epoxidation, NIH shift (the hydrogen migration from the site of hydroxylation to the adjacent carbon) and proton shuttle. The corresponding products are epoxides, ketones and hydroxylated carbazoles, respectively. The main metabolites (hydroxylated carbazoles) are estimated to be more toxic than carbazole. The regioselectivity of carbazole activated by CYP1A1 is different from the environmental processes (gas and aqueous phase). Collectively, these results will inform the in-depth understanding the metabolic processes of heterocyclic PAHs and aid the accurate evaluation of their health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexi Hou
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Yanwei Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, PR China.
| | - Mingna Zheng
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Xinning Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Qingzhu Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Wenxing Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
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19
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Liu X, Wang Q, Chen M, Tao J, Wang J, Liu S, Hou J, Li D, Wang R. Interaction between Changan Granule and its main components in the plasma and CYP450 enzymes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116303. [PMID: 36841379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Changan Granule (CAG) is a Chinese patent drug developed based on an empirical prescription in accordance with the formulation theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The prescription is composed of eight herbal drugs which have been traditionally used by Chinese people for a long history. It has effects of invigorating spleen and supplementing qi, as well as regulating liver and ceasing diarrhea, and is indicated for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). AIM OF THE STUDY This study was aimed to investigate the interaction between CAG and its main components and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes so as to characterize the major metabolites and metabolic enzymes and evaluate the safety concerns to its clinical use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Both in vivo and in vitro experiments using such as diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) rat model, HepG2 cells, and human liver microsomes (HLM) were carried out to investigate the interaction between CAG and its main components and CYP450 enzymes. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), and cocktail probes were employed to qualitatively or quantitatively measure the metabolites and metabolic enzymes. RESULTS CAG inhibited the enzyme activities of CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 and the mRNA expressions of CYP2E1, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and CYP2D6 in vitro. CAG down-regulated the increased expression of CYP1A2 and up-regulated the decreased expression of CYP3A1 in vivo. Twenty-two metabolites were characterized from the main components of CAG after incubation with HLM in vitro. CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 were identified as the characteristic metabolic enzymes. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a reference for clinical application of CAG in safety. CAG and CYP450 enzymes are interacted. CAG is mainly metabolized by CYP2E1 and CYP2D6. The expression of CYP2E1 and CYP2D6 are more susceptible to be influenced by CAG in comparison with that of CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP1A2. It implies the potential risk of interaction when CAG is taken together with the drugs metabolized by CYP2E1 and CYP2D6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Qiaoxia Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Meng Chen
- China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiayue Tao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jincai Hou
- Hebei Shineway Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Dan Li
- Hebei Shineway Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Langfang, 065201, China.
| | - Rufeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
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20
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Vorontsova JE, Akishina AA, Cherezov RO, Simonova OB. A new insight into the aryl hydrocarbon receptor/cytochrome 450 signaling pathway in MG63, HOS, SAOS2, and U2OS cell lines. Biochimie 2023; 207:102-112. [PMID: 36332717 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant tumor of bone, with rapid progressive growth, early distant metastases, and frequent recurrence after surgical treatment. Osteosarcoma is characterized by changes in the ratio and expression of different cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms that can affect the effectiveness of anticancer therapies. The inducible expression of CYP1 genes depends on the ligand-dependent functionality of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). In this study, we examined the AHR/CYP1 signaling pathway in four osteosarcoma cell lines (MG63, HOS, SAOS2, and U2OS) induced by the known AHR ligands: indirubin, indole-3-carbinol, and beta-naphthoflavone. Using qPCR and Western blot analysis, we explored the effects of these ligands on the expression of the CYP1 genes and studied the correlation between these responses and the changes in the mRNA and protein levels of AHR and the AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT) in these osteosarcoma cell lines. The results show that the AHR/CYP1 signaling pathway retains its function only in MG63 and HOS cells, and is impaired in SAOS2 and U2OS cells. Our data should be taken into account when recommending new strategies for the treatment of osteosarcoma and when evaluating new drugs against osteosarcoma in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Vorontsova
- Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Angelina A Akishina
- Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman O Cherezov
- Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga B Simonova
- Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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21
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Stika CS. Principles of Obstetric Pharmacology: Maternal Physiologic and Hepatic Metabolism Changes. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2023; 50:1-15. [PMID: 36822695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2022.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Since the recognition of pregnancy as a special pharmacokinetic population in the late 1990s, investigations have expanded our understanding of obstetric pharmacology. Many of the basic physiologic changes that occur during pregnancy impact on drug absorption, distribution, or clearance. Activities of hepatic metabolizing enzymes are variably altered by pregnancy, resulting in concentrations sufficiently different for some drugs that efficacy or toxicity may be affected. Understanding these unique pharmacologic changes will better inform our use of medications for our pregnant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine S Stika
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 250 East Superior Street, Suite 03-2303, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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22
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Investigation of 2-phenylimidazo[1,2- a]quinolines as potential antiproliferative agents. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:229-239. [PMID: 36892071 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: It has been demonstrated that the lead compound 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoline 1a selectively inhibits CYP1 enzymes. Additionally, CYP1 inhibition has been linked to inducing antiproliferative effects in various breast cancer cell lines as well as relieving drug resistance caused by CYP1 upregulation. Materials & methods: Herein, 54 novel analogs of 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoline 1a have been synthesized with varied substitution on the phenyl and imidazole rings. Antiproliferative testing was conducted using 3H thymidine uptake assays. Results: 2-Phenylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoline 1a and phenyl-substituted analogs 1c (3-OMe), 1n (2,3-napthalene) displayed excellent anti-proliferative activities, demonstrating their potency against cancer cell lines for the first time. Molecular modeling suggested that 1c and 1n bind similarly to 1a in the CYP1 binding site.
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23
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Du Q, Zhou R, Wang H, Li Q, Yan Q, Dang W, Guo J. A metabolism-related gene signature for predicting the prognosis in thyroid carcinoma. Front Genet 2023; 13:972950. [PMID: 36685893 PMCID: PMC9846547 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.972950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is one of the cancer hallmarks, important for the survival of malignant cells. We investigated the prognostic value of genes associated with metabolism in thyroid carcinoma (THCA). A prognostic risk model of metabolism-related genes (MRGs) was built and tested based on datasets in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), with univariate Cox regression analysis, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analysis. We used Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), a nomogram, concordance index (C-index) and restricted mean survival (RMS) to assess the performance of the risk model, indicating the splendid predictive performance. We established a three-gene risk model related to metabolism, consisting of PAPSS2, ITPKA, and CYP1A1. The correlation analysis in patients with different risk statuses involved immune infiltration, mutation and therapeutic reaction. We also performed pan-cancer analyses of model genes to predict the mutational value in various cancers. Our metabolism-related risk model had a powerful predictive capability in the prognosis of THCA. This research will provide the fundamental data for further development of prognostic markers and individualized therapy in THCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujing Du
- Department of General Medicine, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruhao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qian Li
- Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Qi Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenjiao Dang
- Department of General Medicine, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jianjin Guo
- Department of General Medicine, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China,*Correspondence: Jianjin Guo,
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24
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Zhang C, Fan S, Zhao JQ, Jiang Y, Sun JX, Li HJ. Transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal the role of CYP1A2 in psoralen/isopsoralen-induced metabolic activation and hepatotoxicity. Phytother Res 2023; 37:163-180. [PMID: 36056681 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Psoralen and isopsoralen are the pharmacologically important but hepatotoxic components in Psoraleae Fructus. The purpose of this study was to reveal the underlying mechanism of psoralen/isopsoralen-induced hepatotoxicity. Initially, we applied integrated analyses of transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles in mice treated with psoralen and isopsoralen, highlighting the xenobiotic metabolism by cytochromes P450 as a potential pathway. Then, with verifications of expression levels by qRT-PCR and western blot, affinities by molecular docking, and metabolic contributions by recombinant human CYP450 and mouse liver microsomes, CYP1A2 was screened out as the key metabolic enzyme. Afterwards, CYP1A2 induction and inhibition models in HepG2 cells and mice were established to verify the role of CYP1A2, demonstrating that induction of CYP1A2 aggravated the hepatotoxicity, and conversely inhibition alleviated the hepatotoxic effects. Additionally, we detected glutathione adducts with reactive intermediates of psoralen and isopsoralen generated by CYP1A2 metabolism in biosystems of recombinant human CYP1A2 and mouse liver microsomes, CYP1A2-overexpressed HepG2 cells, mice livers and the chemical reaction system using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Ultimately, the high-content screening presented the cellular oxidative stress and relevant hepatotoxicity due to glutathione depletion by reactive intermediates. In brief, our findings illustrated that CYP1A2-mediated metabolic activation is responsible for the psoralen/isopsoralen-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Quan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Xing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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25
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Chen H, Liao C, Yang X, Zhou H, Wu Y, Sun Q, Li S, Zhang W. Multi-omics analysis revealed the role of CYP1A2 in the induction of mechanical allodynia in type 1 diabetes. Front Genet 2023; 14:1151340. [PMID: 37035728 PMCID: PMC10076588 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1151340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Mechanical allodynia (MA) is one of the leading clinical symptoms of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN), which is a primary reason for non-traumatic amputations, foot ulceration, and gait abnormalities in patients with diabetes. However, the pathogenic mechanisms of MA have not yet been fully elucidated, and there is no effective treatment. This study aims to study the potential pathogenetic mechanisms of MA and to provide targets for the therapy of MA. Methods: A single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin induced type 1 diabetes in rat models. Subsequently, rats were divided into the control group, the diabetic group without MA, and the diabetic group with MA based on weekly behavioral assays. The differentially expressed lipids in the sciatic nerve of each group were detected using untargeted lipidomics, and the differentially expressed genes in the sciatic nerve of each group were detected by transcriptomics. The pathogenesis of MA was predicted using integrated analysis and validated by immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy. Results: Untargeted lipidomics revealed the accumulation of a more severe lipid in MA rats. Transcriptomics results suggested that differentially expressed genes in MA rats were primarily related to lipid droplets and myelin sheath. Integrated analysis results indicated that the downregulation of Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) expression was closely linked to lipid metabolism disorders. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that down-regulation of CYP1A2 expression occurred in MA rats. Transmission electron microscopy results showed that more severe lipid droplet accumulation and myelin sheath degeneration occurred in MA rats. Conclusion: Our findings imply that the downregulation of CYP1A2 expression leads to disorders of lipid metabolism and further leads to lipid droplet accumulation and myelin sheath degeneration, which might ultimately lead to the development of MA. Therefore, our study contributes to promoting the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of MA and providing potential targets for the clinical treatment of MA.
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26
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Zhang C, Zhao JQ, Sun JX, Li HJ. Psoralen and isopsoralen from Psoraleae Fructus aroused hepatotoxicity via induction of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated CYP1A2 expression. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 297:115577. [PMID: 35872289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Psoraleae Fructus (PF), a traditional Chinese medicine, has long been used to treat diseases such as cancer, osteoporosis and leukoderma. Psoralen and isopsoralen are main bioactive ingredients of PF with anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, estrogen-like neuroprotection, etc., meanwhile they are also representative hepatotoxic components of PF. Hepatic CYP1A2 has been reported to be the important metabolic enzymes involved in psoralen and isopsoralen-induced hepatotoxicity. However, the relationship between the hepatotoxicity and CYP1A2 expression, and the underlying mechanism of regulating CYP1A2 expression remain unclear. AIM OF STUDY The aim of this study was to explore the associated mechanism between psoralen or isopsoralen induced hepatotoxicity and activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated transcriptional induction of CYP1A2 in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Psoralen and isopsoralen at different doses were treated on HepG2 cells (10, 25, 50, 100, 200 μM for 2, 12, 24, 36, 48 h) and mice (20, 80, 160 mg/kg for 3, 7, 14 days) for different time, to assess the correlation of induced hepatotoxicity and CYP1A2 mRNA and protein expression in vivo and in vitro, as well as the effect on CYP1A2 enzyme activity evaluated by phenacetin metabolism. In addition, the potential mechanism of the regulation of CYP1A2 expression mediated by AhR was explored through nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, immunofluorescence, cellular thermal shift assay and molecular docking, etc. RESULTS: Psoralen and isopsoralen induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells, and hepatomegaly, biochemicals disorder and tissue pathological impairment in mice, respectively in dose- and time-dependent manners. Simultaneously accompanied with elevated levels of CYP1A2 mRNA and protein in the same trend, and the CYP1A2 activity was remarkably inhibited in vitro but significantly elevated overall in vivo. Besides, psoralen and isopsoralen bound to AhR and activated translocation of AhR from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, leading to the transcriptional induction of target gene CYP1A2. CONCLUSIONS Hepatotoxicities in HepG2 cells and mice aroused by psoralen and isopsoralen were related to the induction of CYP1A2 expression and activity, whose underlying mechanism might be psoralen or isopsoralen activated AhR translocation and induced increase of CYP1A2 transcriptional expression. Hopefully, these finding are conductive to propose an alert about the combined usage of psoralen or isopsoralen and AhR ligands or CYP1A2 substrates in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jin-Quan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jia-Xing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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27
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An HG, Shin S, Lee B, Kwon Y, Kwon TU, Kwon YJ, Chun YJ. Induction of synergistic apoptosis by tetramethoxystilbene and nutlin-3a in human cervical cancer cells. Toxicol Res 2022; 38:591-600. [PMID: 36277372 PMCID: PMC9532473 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-022-00150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
2,4,3',5'-Tetramethoxystilbene (TMS) is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 1B1 to block the conversion from estradiol to 4-OH-estradiol. Several studies suggested that TMS may act as a potent anti-cancer agent for hormone-related cancer including cervical cancer. Nutlin-3a is a cis-imidazoline analog that interferes with the interaction between mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) and the tumor suppressor p53. The purpose of the study was to compare the cytotoxic effect of TMS and nutlin-3a treatment individually and in combination in HeLa cells. To assess the potential synergistic effects between TMS and nutlin-3a, low concentrations of TMS and nutlin-3a were simultaneously treated in HeLa cells. Based on cell viability, apoptosis assays, and the increase in cleaved caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, it was demonstrated that the combination with TMS and nutlin-3a exerts a synergistic effect on cancer cell death. Isobologram analysis of HeLa cells noted synergism between TMS and nutlin-3a. The combined treatment increased the expression of mitochondrial pro-apoptotic factors such as Bax and Bak, and decreased the expression of the XIAP. In addition, combination treatment significantly enhanced the translocation of AIF to the nucleus in HeLa cells. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that the combination of TMS and nutlin-3a induces synergistic apoptosis in HeLa cells, suggesting the possibility that this combination can be applied as a novel therapeutic strategy for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Gyu An
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06974 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyun Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06974 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyoung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06974 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonju Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06974 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Uk Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06974 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Jung Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06974 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06974 Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Swami D, Mudaliar P, Bichu YS, Kumar Sahu V, Devarajan S, Basu S, Aich J. Synergistic combination of ritonavir and cisplatin as an efficacious therapy in human cervical cancer cells: a computational drug discovery and in vitro insight. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-15. [PMID: 35818867 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2097312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
HIV-protease inhibitor Ritonavir (RTV) is a clinical-stage drug. We exhibit here the synergistic effect of RTV coupled with cisplatin as potential combination therapy for treatment of cervical cancer. Knowledge about the interaction of RTV with the high-expression signatures in cancer is limited. Therefore, we utilized computational techniques to understand and assess the drug-binding affinity and drug-target interaction of RTV with these altered protein signatures. Computational studies revealed the potential interaction ability of RTV along with few other HIV protease inhibitors against these altered cancer targets. All targets exhibited good affinity towards RTV and the highest affinity was exhibited by CYP450 3A4, PDGFR and ALK. RTV established stable interaction with PDGFR and molecular dynamics simulation confirms their frequent interaction for 300 ns. Control docking of PDGFR with standard PDGFR inhibitor exhibited lower binding affinity when compared with RTV-PDGFR complex. In search of drugs as a part of combination therapy to reduce side effects of Cisplatin, this paper further evaluated the effect of combination of RTV and Cisplatin in cervical cancer cells. We propose several combination models that combines anti-viral drug RTV and standard chemotherapeutic agent, Cisplatin to be synergistic with CI value ranging from of 0.01 to 1.14. These observations suggest that anti-viral compound (RTV) could act synergistically with Cisplatin for cervical cancer therapy. However, further studies are warranted to investigate the combinatorial mode of action of RTV and Cisplatin on different molecular pathways to have a translational outcome in cervical cancer.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayanand Swami
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priyanka Mudaliar
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yash Shrinivas Bichu
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vishal Kumar Sahu
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shine Devarajan
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Soumya Basu
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jyotirmoi Aich
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Swigonska S, Molcan T, Nynca A, Ciereszko RE. The involvement of CYP1A2 in biodegradation of dioxins in pigs. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267162. [PMID: 35617319 PMCID: PMC9135293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is one of the most harmful chemicals showing resistance to biodegradation. The majority of TCDD effects is mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway. TCDD binding to AhR results in the activation of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1) involved in dioxin biodegradation. The goal of the study was to explore the potentialrole of CYP1A2 in the metabolism of TCDD. We investigated a molecular structure of CYP1A2 and the binding selectivity and affinity between the pig CYP1A2 and: 1/ DiCDD or TCDD (dioxins differing in toxicity and biodegradability) or 2/ their selected metabolites. pCYP1A2 demonstrated higher affinity towards DiCDD and TCDD than other pCYP1 enzymes. All dioxin-pCYP1A2 complexes were found to be stabilized by hydrophobic interactions. The calculated distances between the heme oxygen and the dioxin carbon nearest to the oxygen, reflecting the hydroxylating potential of CYP1A2, were higher than in other pCYP1 enzymes. The distances between the heme iron and the nearest dioxin carbon exceeded 5 Å, a distance sufficient to allow the metabolites to leave the active site. However, the molecular dynamics simulations revealed that two access channels of CYP1A2 were closed upon binding the majority of the examined dioxins. Moreover, the binding of dioxin metabolites did not promote opening of channel S–an exit for hydroxylated products. It appears that the undesired changes in the behavior of access channels prevail over the hydroxylating potential of CYP1A2 towards TCDD and the favorable distances, ultimately trapping the metabolites at the enzyme’s active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Swigonska
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Tomasz Molcan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Nynca
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Renata E. Ciereszko
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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Wang JY, Li JX, Ning J, Huo XK, Yu ZL, Tian Y, Zhang BJ, Wang Y, Sa D, Li YC, Lv X, Ma XC. Human cytochrome P450 3A-mediated two-step oxidation metabolism of dimethomorph: Implications in the mechanism-based enzyme inactivation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 822:153585. [PMID: 35121040 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dimethomorph (DMM), an effective and broad-spectrum fungicide applied in agriculture, is toxic to environments and living organisms due to the hazardous nature of its toxic residues. This study aims to investigate the human cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP)-mediated oxidative metabolism of DMM by combining experimental and computational approaches. Dimethomorph was metabolized predominantly through a two-step oxidation process mediated by CYPs, and CYP3A was identified as the major contributor to DMM sequential oxidative metabolism. Meanwhile, DMM elicited the mechanism-based inactivation (MBI) of CYP3A in a suicide manner, and the iminium ion and epoxide reactive intermediates generated in DMM metabolism were identified as the culprits of MBI. Furthermore, three common pesticides, prochloraz (PCZ), difenoconazole (DFZ) and chlorothalonil (CTL), could significantly inhibit CYP3A-mediated DMM metabolism, and consequently trigger elevated exposure to DMM in vivo. Computational studies elucidated that the differentiation effects in charge distribution and the interaction pattern played crucial roles in DMM-induced MBI of CYP3A4 during sequential oxidative metabolism. Collectively, this study provided a global view of the two-step metabolic activation process of DMM mediated by CYP3A, which was beneficial for elucidating the environmental fate and toxicological mechanism of DMM in humans from a new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yue Wang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China; Pharmaceutical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China; Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Jing-Xin Li
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China; School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Ning
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Kui Huo
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhen-Long Yu
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Tian
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Bao-Jing Zhang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Deng Sa
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Ya-Chen Li
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Xia Lv
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China.
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Chen Y, Yang J, Wang Y, Shen W, Liu J, Yuan M, Hao X, Zhong L, Guo R. Identification and Analysis of Hub Genes in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Potential Role of Cytochrome P450 1A1 in Mitochondrial Metabolism and STZ-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:835244. [PMID: 35387435 PMCID: PMC8977650 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.835244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a primary cause of death in diabetic patients; however, its molecular mechanism is not yet clear, and there is no uniform standard for diagnosis. The aim of this study is to discover the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets of DCM through screening and analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in heart ventricles of DCM, and to testify the role of key hub genes in DCM-induced myocardial dysfunction. Datasets GSE4745 and GSE6880 were downloaded from the GEO database. The difference analysis, visual analysis, cluster analysis and enrichment analysis were performed by using R language, python scripts and bioinformatics software followed by the construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to obtain hub genes. The DCM models were established by streptozocin (STZ) injection to the male mice. The cardiac function and the expressions of hub genes were examined by using echocardiography and real-time quantitative poly-merase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), followed by multiple statistical analyses. Bioinformatic results indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction, disturbed lipid metabolism and decreased collagen synthesis are the main causes of the DCM development. In particular, the hub gene Cyp1a1 that encodes Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP4501A1) enzyme has the highest connectivity in the interaction network, and is associated with mitochondrial homeostasis and energy metabolism. It plays a critical role in the oxidation of endogenous or exogenous substrates. Our RT-qPCR results confirmed that ventricular Cyp1a1 mRNA level was nearly 12-fold upregulated in DCM model compared to normal control, which was correlated with abnormal cardiac function in diabetic individuals. CYP4501A1 protein expression in mitochondria was also increased in diabetic hearts. However, we found no significant changes in collagen expressions in cardiac ventricles of mice with DCM. This study provided compact data support for understanding the pathogenesis of DCM. CYP4501A1 might be considered as a potential candidate targeting for DCM therapy. Follow-up animal and clinical verifications need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinliang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jinbao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Weike Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jinlin Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Li Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Guo
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Cheng W, Li X, Zhou Y, Yu H, Xie Y, Guo H, Wang H, Li Y, Feng Y, Wang Y. Polystyrene microplastics induce hepatotoxicity and disrupt lipid metabolism in the liver organoids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150328. [PMID: 34571217 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic particles (MP) has been detected in the environment widespread. Human beings are inevitably exposed to MP via multiple routines. However, the hazard identifications, as direct evidence of exposure and health risk, have not been fully characterized in human beings. Many studies suggest the liver is a potential target organ, but currently no study regarding the MP on human liver has been reported. In this study, we used a novel in vitro 3D model, the liver organoids (LOs) generated from human pluripotent stem cells, as an alternative model to the human liver, to explore the adverse biological effect of 1 μm polystyrene-MP (PS-MP) microbeads applying a non-static exposure approach. When the LOs were exposed to 0.25, 2.5 and 25 μg/mL PS-MP (the lowest one was relevant to the environmental concentrations, calculated to be 102 ± 7 items/mL). The potential mechanisms of PS-MP induced hepatotoxicity and lipotoxicity, in aspects of cytotoxicity, levels of key molecular markers, ATP production, alteration in lipid metabolism, ROS generation, oxidative stress and inflammation response, were determined. Specifically, it has been firstly observed that PS-MP could increase the expression of hepatic HNF4A and CYP2E1. Based on these findings, the potential adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) relevant to PS-MP were proposed, and the potential risks of PS-MP on liver steatosis, fibrosis and cancer were implicated. The combined application of novel LOs model and AOPs framework provides a new insight into the risk assessment of MP. Further studies are anticipated to validate the hepatotoxic molecular mechanism of PS-MP based on HNF4A or CYP2E1, and to investigate the MP-induced physical damage and its relationship to hepatic adverse effect for human beings. CAPSULE: Microplastics cause hepatotoxicity and disrupt lipid metabolism in the human pluripotent stem cells-derived liver organoids, providing evidence for human implication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaolan Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hengyi Yu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichun Xie
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaqi Guo
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Cao J, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Combined screening analysis of aberrantly methylated-differentially expressed genes and pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 13:311-325. [PMID: 35284134 PMCID: PMC8899745 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylation plays an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by altering the expression of key genes. The aim of this study was to screen the aberrantly methylated-differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HCC and elucidate their underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS Gene expression microarrays (GSE101685) and gene methylation microarrays (GSE44909) were selected. DEGs and differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were screened. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated discovery (DAVID). The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database was used to analyze the functional protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) analysis was performed using the Cytoscape software. Hub genes were verified in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. RESULTS A total of 80 hypomethylation-high expression genes (Hypo-HGs) were identified. Pathway enrichment analysis showed DNA replication, cell cycle, viral carcinogenesis, and the spliceosome. The top 5 hub genes were minichromosome maintenance complex component 3 (MCM3), checkpoint kinase 1 (CHEK1), kinesin family member 11 (KIF11), PDZ binding kinase (PBK), and Rac GTPase activating protein 1 (RACGAP1). In addition, 189 hypermethylation-low expression genes (Hyper-LGs) were identified. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated enrichment in metabolic pathways, drug metabolism-other enzymes, and chemical carcinogenesis. The top 5 hub genes were leukocyte immunoglobulin like receptor B2 (LILRB2), formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1), S100 calcium binding protein A9 (S100A9), S100 calcium binding protein A8 (S100A8), and myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA). The methylation status and mRNA expression of MCM3, CHEK1, KIF11, PBK, and S100A9 were consistent in the TCGA database and significantly correlated with the prognosis of patients. CONCLUSIONS Combined screening of aberrantly methylated-DEGs based on bioinformatic analysis may provide new clues for elucidating the epigenetic mechanism in HCC. Hub genes, including MCM3, CHEK1, KIF11, PBK, and S100A9, may serve as biomarkers for the precise diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisen Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruiqiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
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Lv X, Li JX, Wang JY, Tian XG, Feng L, Sun CP, Ning J, Wang C, Zhao WY, Li YC, Ma XC. Regioselective hydroxylation of carbendazim by mammalian cytochrome P450: A combined experimental and computational study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118523. [PMID: 34793912 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbendazim (CBZ), a broad-spectrum pesticide frequently detected in fruits and vegetables, could trigger potential toxic risks to mammals. To facilitate the assessment of health risks, this study aimed to characterize the cytochrome P450 (CYPs)-mediated metabolism profiles of CBZ by a combined experimental and computational study. Our results demonstrated that CYPs-mediated region-selective hydroxylation was a major metabolism pathway for CBZ in liver microsomes from various species including rat, mouse, minipig, dog, rabbit, guinea pig, monkey, cow and human, and the metabolite was biosynthesized and well-characterized as 6-OH-CBZ. CYP1A displayed a predominant role in the region-selective hydroxylation of CBZ that could attenuate its toxicity through converting it into a less toxic metabolite. Meanwhile, five other common pesticides including chlorpyrifos-methyl, prochloraz, chlorfenapyr, chlorpyrifos, and chlorothalonil could significantly inhibit the region-selective hydroxylation of CBZ, and consequently remarkably increased CBZ exposure in vivo. Furthermore, computational study clarified the important contribution of the key amino acid residues Ser122, and Asp313 in CYP1A1, as well as Asp320 in CYP1A2 to the hydroxylation of CBZ through hydrogen bonds. These results would provide some useful information for the metabolic profiles of CBZ by mammalian CYPs, and shed new insights into CYP1A-mediated metabolic detoxification of CBZ and its health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lv
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Transformation, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China; College of Integrative Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing-Xin Li
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Transformation, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China; College of Integrative Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Jia-Yue Wang
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Transformation, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiang-Ge Tian
- College of Integrative Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Transformation, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Cheng-Peng Sun
- College of Integrative Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Ning
- College of Integrative Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Integrative Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Wen-Yu Zhao
- College of Integrative Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Ya-Chen Li
- College of Integrative Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Transformation, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China; College of Integrative Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China.
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Zhang YF, Huang Q, Huang HY, Ren HL, Zhou L. Identifying KRT20 as a Potential Key Gene in Lymphatic Metastasis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221107710. [PMID: 35815926 PMCID: PMC9340431 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221107710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was the
seventh most common cancer worldwide in 2018. Lymphatic metastasis (LM) is
closely related to HNSCC prognosis and recurrence. However, the underlying
mechanism of LM remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the key
genes in the LM of HNSCC. Methods: We used The Cancer Genome Atlas
(TCGA) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LM and non-LM
cases. A random forest model, the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting
Genes, Cytoscape, and cytoHubba were used to identify hub genes among DEGs,
including KRT20 (Cytokeratins 20). We analyzed the survival of KRT20 in TCGA,
and we overexpressed KRT20 in HNSCC cell lines to investigate its effects on
migration and invasion. We also correlated the expression of KRT20 in HNSCC
tissue microarrays with survival and clinicopathological features.
Results: We identified 243 DEGs—143 upregulated genes and 100
downregulated genes. Further analysis revealed that KRT20 is a potential key
gene associated with LM and overall survival rates among patients with HNSCC.
Overexpression of KRT20 increased the migration and invasion ability of HNSCC
cell lines Tu686 and FD-LSC-1. Tissue microarray studies demonstrated an
overexpression of KRT20 among N1+ patients (including N1-N3 patients). Survival
analysis results and the clinicopathological features of HNSCC tissue
microarrays were consistent with our analysis of TCGA. Thus, a high KRT20
expression level might suggest an adverse HNSCC prognosis. Our gene set
enrichment analysis showed that KRT20 participates in many metabolic pathways,
including those related to tumorigenesis and cancer development.
Conclusions: We propose that KRT20 may be a key gene in HNSCC
with LM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, 12478Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, 12478Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Ying Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, 12478Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng-Lei Ren
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, 12478Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, 12478Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ding Y, Ma H, Xu Y, Yang F, Li Y, Shi F, Lu Y. Potentiation of flutamide-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao through induction of CYP1A2. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114299. [PMID: 34090906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao (XLGB) Fufang is herbal formula widely used to treat osteoporosis and other bone disorders. Because of its commonality in the clinical use, there is a safety concern over the use of XLGB combined with other androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) drugs such as flutamide (FLU) that is associated with reduced bone density. To date, there have been no evaluations on the side effects of the drug-drug interaction between XLGB and FLU. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was designed to investigate the hepatotoxicity in the context of the combined treatment of XLGB and FLU in a mouse model, and to determine whether the metabolic activation of FLU through induction of CYP1A2 plays a role in the increased hepatoxicity caused by the combination of XLGB and FLU. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57 mice were administered with either XLGB (6,160 mg/kg), FLU (300 mg/kg), or with the combination of the two drugs. Animals were treated with XLGB for 5 days before the combined administration of XLGB and FLU for another 4 days. The serum of mice from single or the combined administration groups was collected for biochemical analysis. The mouse liver was collected to examine liver morphological changes, evaluate liver coefficient, as well as determine the mRNA expression of P450 isozymes (Cyp1a2, Cyp3a11 and Cyp2c37). For metabolism analysis, mice were treated with XLGB, FLU, or the combination of XLGB and FLU for 24 h. The urine samples were collected for the analysis of FLU-NAC conjugate by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS. The liver microsomes were prepared from fresh livers to determine the activity of metabolizing enzyme CYP1A2. RESULTS The combined treatment of XLGB and FLU caused loss of mice body weight and elicited significant liver toxicity as evidenced by an increased liver coefficient and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity as well as pathological changes of fatty lesion of liver tissue. FLU increased hepatic expression of Cyp1a2 mRNA that was further elevated in the liver of mice when administered with both FLU and XLGB. Treatment of FLU resulted in an increase in the expression of Cyp3a11 mRNA that was negated when mice were co-treated with FLU and XLGB. No significant difference in Cyp2c37 mRNA expression was observed among the different treatment groups as compared to the control. Analysis of metabolic activity showed that the combined administration caused a synergic effect in elevating the activity of the CYP1A2 enzyme. Mass spectrometry analysis identified the presence of FLU reactive metabolite derived FLU-NAC conjugate in the urine of mice treated with FLU. Strikingly, about a two-fold increase of the FLU-NAC conjugate was detected when treated with both FLU and XLGB, indicating an elevated amount of toxic metabolite produced from FLU in the present of XLGB. CONCLUSION FLU and XLGB co-treatment potentiated FLU-induced hepatoxicity. This increased hepatoxicity was mediated through the induction of CYP1A2 activity which in turn enhanced bioactivation of FLU leading to over production of FLU-NAC conjugate and oxidative stress. These results offer warnings about serious side effects of the FLU-XLGB interaction in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China; Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Honghong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Yasha Xu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Fuguo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China.
| | - Yuanfu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China.
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Chen Z, Xie J, Li Q, Hu K, Yang Z, Yu H, Liu Y. Human CYP enzyme-activated clastogenicity of 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (a flame retardant) in mammalian cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117527. [PMID: 34380225 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) is a common flame retardant and environmental pollutant, exposing humans with endocrinal disrupting potentials. Its mutagenicity, especially following metabolism, remains unclear. In this study, molecular docking analysis indicated that EHDPP was a potential substrate for several human CYP enzymes except for CYP1A1. Among V79-derived cell lines genetically engineered for the expression of each CYP, EHDPP (6 h exposure/18 h recovery) did not induce micronuclei in the V79 or V79-derived cells expressing human CYP1A1, however, it was positive in V79-derived cell lines expressing human CYP2E1, 3A4, and 2B6. In a human hepatoma (HepG2) cell line, EHDPP (48 h exposure) moderately induced micronuclei, which was blocked by 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT, 60 μM, inhibitor of CYPs); pretreating HepG2 cells with bisphenol AF, another organic pollutant as inducer of CYPs (0.1 μM for 16 h), significantly potentiated micronuclei formation by EHDPP, threshold being decreased from 10 to 1.25 μM. This effect was blocked by ABT, drastically reduced by ketoconazole (inhibiting CYP3A expression/activity), and moderately inhibited by trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (selective CYP2E1 inhibitor). Immunofluorescent centromere protein B staining indicated that EHDPP-induced micronuclei in V79-derived cell lines expressing human CYP2E1 and 3A4 were predominantly centromere-negative, and that in HepG2 cells pretreated with bisphenol AF (for inducing multiple CYPs) were purely centromere-negative. In bisphenol AF-pretreated HepG2 cells EHDPP potently induced DNA breaks, as indicated by the comet assay and Western blot analysis of γ-H2AX. In conclusion, our study suggests that EHDPP is potently clastogenic, following activation by several human CYP enzymes, CYP3A4 being a major one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiayi Xie
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Dietetics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 N. Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Keqi Hu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zongying Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yungang Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Idda ML, Campesi I, Fiorito G, Vecchietti A, Urru SAM, Solinas MG, Franconi F, Floris M. Sex-Biased Expression of Pharmacogenes across Human Tissues. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1206. [PMID: 34439872 PMCID: PMC8393247 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual response to drugs is highly variable and largely influenced by genetic variants and gene-expression profiles. In addition, it has been shown that response to drugs is strongly sex-dependent, both in terms of efficacy and toxicity. To expand current knowledge on sex differences in the expression of genes relevant for drug response, we generated a catalogue of differentially expressed human transcripts encoded by 289 genes in 41 human tissues from 838 adult individuals of the Genotype-Tissue Expression project (GTEx, v8 release) and focused our analysis on relevant transcripts implicated in drug response. We detected significant sex-differentiated expression of 99 transcripts encoded by 59 genes in the tissues most relevant for human pharmacology (liver, lung, kidney, small intestine terminal ileum, skin not sun-exposed, and whole blood). Among them, as expected, we confirmed significant differences in the expression of transcripts encoded by the cytochromes in the liver, CYP2B6, CYP3A7, CYP3A5, and CYP1A1. Our systematic investigation on differences between male and female in the expression of drug response-related genes, reinforce the need to overcome the sex bias of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Idda
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical research, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Ilaria Campesi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.C.); (G.F.); (A.V.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Giovanni Fiorito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.C.); (G.F.); (A.V.); (M.G.S.)
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Andrea Vecchietti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.C.); (G.F.); (A.V.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Silvana Anna Maria Urru
- Hospital Pharmacy Unit, Trento General Hospital, Autonomous Province of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy;
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, School of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Giuliana Solinas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.C.); (G.F.); (A.V.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Flavia Franconi
- National Laboratory of Pharmacology and Gender medicine, National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy;
| | - Matteo Floris
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical research, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.C.); (G.F.); (A.V.); (M.G.S.)
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Jara MO, Warnken ZN, Sahakijpijarn S, Moon C, Maier EY, Christensen DJ, Koleng JJ, Peters JI, Hackman Maier SD, Williams Iii RO. Niclosamide inhalation powder made by thin-film freezing: Multi-dose tolerability and exposure in rats and pharmacokinetics in hamsters. Int J Pharm 2021; 603:120701. [PMID: 33989748 PMCID: PMC8112893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have developed and tested a dry powder form of niclosamide made by thin-film freezing (TFF) and administered it by inhalation to rats and hamsters to gather data about its toxicology and pharmacokinetics. Niclosamide, a poorly water-soluble drug, is an interesting drug candidate because it was approved over 60 years ago for use as an anthelmintic medication, but recent studies demonstrated its potential as a broad-spectrum antiviral with pharmacological effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection. TFF was used to develop a niclosamide inhalation powder composition that exhibited acceptable aerosol performance with a fine particle fraction (FPF) of 86.0% and a mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) and geometric standard deviation (GSD) of 1.11 µm and 2.84, respectively. This formulation not only proved to be safe after an acute three-day, multi-dose tolerability and exposure study in rats as evidenced by histopathology analysis, and also was able to achieve lung concentrations above the required IC90 levels for at least 24 h after a single administration in a Syrian hamster model. To conclude, we successfully developed a niclosamide dry powder inhalation that overcomes niclosamide’s limitation of poor oral bioavailability by targeting the drug directly to the primary site of infection, the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel O Jara
- Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Zachary N Warnken
- Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Sawittree Sahakijpijarn
- Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Chaeho Moon
- Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Esther Y Maier
- Drug Dynamics Institute, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | | | | | - Jay I Peters
- UT- Health San Antonio Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | | | - Robert O Williams Iii
- Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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Anderson G, Carbone A, Mazzoccoli G. Tryptophan Metabolites and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041597. [PMID: 33562472 PMCID: PMC7915649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of tryptophan is intimately associated with the differential regulation of diverse physiological processes, including in the regulation of responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome, coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that underpins the COVID-19 pandemic. Two important products of tryptophan metabolism, viz kynurenine and interleukin (IL)4-inducible1 (IL41)-driven indole 3 pyruvate (I3P), activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), thereby altering the nature of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. AhR activation dysregulates the initial pro-inflammatory cytokines production driven by neutrophils, macrophages, and mast cells, whilst AhR activation suppresses the endogenous antiviral responses of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells. Such immune responses become further dysregulated by the increased and prolonged pro-inflammatory cytokine suppression of pineal melatonin production coupled to increased gut dysbiosis and gut permeability. The suppression of pineal melatonin and gut microbiome-derived butyrate, coupled to an increase in circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) further dysregulates the immune response. The AhR mediates its effects via alterations in the regulation of mitochondrial function in immune cells. The increased risk of severe/fatal SARS-CoV-2 infection by high risk conditions, such as elderly age, obesity, and diabetes are mediated by these conditions having expression levels of melatonin, AhR, butyrate, and LPS that are closer to those driven by SARS-CoV-2 infection. This has a number of future research and treatment implications, including the utilization of melatonin and nutraceuticals that inhibit the AhR, including the polyphenols, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Anderson
- CRC Scotland & London, Eccleston Square, London SW1V 1PX, UK
| | - Annalucia Carbone
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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