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Ma S, Wang WX. Physiological trade-off of marine fish under Zn deficient and excess conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:166187. [PMID: 37586517 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Fish can regulate their Zn body bioaccumulation, but the mechanisms and physiological responses at the organ level are still largely unknown. In the present study, we exposed the marine seabreams under different Zn levels (deficient, optimum and excess levels) over a period of 4 weeks and examined how fish maintained its regulation of bioaccumulation with associated physiological effects at the fish intestinal organ. Our results indicated that fish intestinal organs constantly controlled the Zip family to "rob" more Zn under Zn-deficiency (with a dietary level of 7.9 mg/kg), whereas restricted the Zn efflux to preserve the intestinal function. Under Zn-excess conditions (193.3 mg/kg), the fish intestine maintained a limited Zn homeostasis (37.8-44.6 μg/mg) by initially inhibiting the influx through the Zip family receptor, but later accelerating both influx and efflux of Zn. Based on the WGCNA method, Zn deficient dietary exposure first resulted in defense response with subsequent switching to antioxidant defense. Instead, excess Zn first triggered the immunological response, but then led to physiological toxicity (abnormal in lipid metabolism). Although Zn had multiple biological functions, it was preferentially involved in lipid metabolism under different dietary Zn doses. This study provided direct evidence for Zn regulation at the organ level and detoxification mechanisms against potential environmental toxicity in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoli Ma
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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2
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Evcan E, Gulec S. Comparison of apical and basolateral Cu treatment for iron-related gene regulation during deferoxamine induced iron deficiency. GENES & NUTRITION 2022; 17:16. [PMID: 36494833 PMCID: PMC9733202 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-022-00717-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal copper transporter (Atp7a) mutant-brindled mice with systemic Cu deficiency had elevated Cu levels in enterocyte cells without any perturbation of iron-regulating genes, suggesting that blood Cu level might be important for intestinal iron homeostasis during iron deficiency (ID). We hypothesized that the blood Cu level and polarization (apical and basolateral) of enterocyte cells might be important regulators for the compensatory response on the regulation of genes in enterocyte cells during iron deficiency. METHODS We grew Caco-2 cells on a bicameral cell culture plate to mimic the human intestine system and on a regular tissue culture plate. Iron deficiency was induced by deferoxamine (DFO). The cells were treated with Cu and Cu with Fe following mRNA expressions of DMT1, FPN, TFR, and ANKRD37 were analyzed. RESULTS Our main finding was that basolateral treatment of Cu significantly reduced mRNA expressions of iron-regulated genes, including DMT1, FPN, TFR, and ANKRD37, compared to DFO-treated and DFO with apical Cu-treated groups in both bicameral and regular tissue culture plates. CONCLUSIONS Cu level in the basolateral side of Caco-2 cells significantly influenced the intracellular gene regulation in DFO-induced iron-deficient condition, and polarization of the cells might be important factor gene regulation in enterocyte cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Evcan
- grid.419609.30000 0000 9261 240Xİzmir Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Molecular Nutrition and Human Physiology Laboratory, Urla, 35430 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sukru Gulec
- grid.419609.30000 0000 9261 240Xİzmir Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Molecular Nutrition and Human Physiology Laboratory, Urla, 35430 İzmir, Turkey
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3
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Zhang R, Zhao G, Shi H, Zhao X, Wang B, Dong P, Watari H, Pfeffer LM, Yue J. Zinc regulates primary ovarian tumor growth and metastasis through the epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:775-783. [PMID: 32927017 PMCID: PMC7704937 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The trace element zinc plays an indispensable role in human health and diseases including cancer due to its antioxidant properties. While zinc supplements have been used for cancer prevention, zinc is also a risk factor for cancer development. It is still unclear how zinc plays a role in ovarian cancer. METHODS To understand how zinc contributes to ovarian tumor growth and metastasis, we examined whether zinc contributes to tumor metastasis by regulating epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) using ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Cell migration and invasion were examined using transwell plates and EMT markers were examined using Western blot. Primary ovarian tumor growth and metastasis were assessed using orthotopic ovarian cancer mouse models in vivo. RESULTS Zinc promoted EMT, while TPEN (N, N, N', N'-tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl)-ethylenediamine), a membrane-permeable selective zinc chelator, inhibited EMT in a dose dependent manner in ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, zinc promoted ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion, while TPEN inhibited cell migration and invasion. Zinc activated expression of the metal response transcriptional factor-1 (MTF-1), while TPEN inhibited MTF-1 expression in a dose dependent manner. Knockout of MTF-1 inhibited zinc-induced cell migration, invasion and augmented the inhibitory effect of TPEN on cell migration and invasion. Loss of MTF-1 attenuated zinc-induced ERK1/2 and AKT activation and augmented the effect of TPEN in attenuating the ERK1/2 and AKT pathways. TPEN effectively inhibited primary ovarian tumor growth and metastasis in an orthotopic ovarian cancer mouse model by suppressing EMT. CONCLUSION zinc contributes to ovarian tumor metastasis by promoting EMT through a MTF-1 dependent pathway. Zinc depletion by TPEN may be a novel approach for ovarian cancer therapy by inhibiting EMT and attenuating the ERK1/2 and AKT pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruitao Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Guannan Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Huirong Shi
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Baojin Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Peixin Dong
- Department of Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Hidemichi Watari
- Department of Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Lawrence M Pfeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Junming Yue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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4
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Maares M, Haase H. A Guide to Human Zinc Absorption: General Overview and Recent Advances of In Vitro Intestinal Models. Nutrients 2020; 12:E762. [PMID: 32183116 PMCID: PMC7146416 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc absorption in the small intestine is one of the main mechanisms regulating the systemic homeostasis of this essential trace element. This review summarizes the key aspects of human zinc homeostasis and distribution. In particular, current knowledge on human intestinal zinc absorption and the influence of diet-derived factors on bioaccessibility and bioavailability as well as intrinsic luminal and basolateral factors with an impact on zinc uptake are discussed. Their investigation is increasingly performed using in vitro cellular intestinal models, which are continually being refined and keep gaining importance for studying zinc uptake and transport via the human intestinal epithelium. The vast majority of these models is based on the human intestinal cell line Caco-2 in combination with other relevant components of the intestinal epithelium, such as mucin-secreting goblet cells and in vitro digestion models, and applying improved compositions of apical and basolateral media to mimic the in vivo situation as closely as possible. Particular emphasis is placed on summarizing previous applications as well as key results of these models, comparing their results to data obtained in humans, and discussing their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maares
- Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hajo Haase
- Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, D-13353 Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany
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Ohta S, Ikemoto T, Wada Y, Saito Y, Yamada S, Imura S, Morine Y, Shimada M. A change in the zinc ion concentration reflects the maturation of insulin-producing cells generated from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18731. [PMID: 31822724 PMCID: PMC6904733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55172-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from pluripotent stem cells could be a breakthrough treatment for type 1 diabetes. However, development of new techniques is needed to exclude immature cells for clinical application. Dithizone staining is used to evaluate IPCs by detecting zinc. We hypothesised that zinc ion (Zn2+) dynamics reflect the IPC maturation status. Human adipose-derived stem cells were differentiated into IPCs by our two-step protocol using two-dimensional (2D) or 3D culture. The stimulation indexes of 2D -and 3D-cultured IPCs on day 21 were 1.21 and 3.64 (P < 0.05), respectively. The 3D-cultured IPCs were stained with dithizone during culture, and its intensity calculated by ImageJ reached the peak on day 17 (P < 0.05). Blood glucose levels of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nude mice were normalised (4/4,100%) after transplantation of 96 3D-cultured IPCs. Zn2+ concentration changes in the medium of 3D cultures had a negative value in the early period and a large positive value in the latter period. This study suggests that Zn2+ dynamics based on our observations and staining of zinc transporters have critical roles in the differentiation of IPCs, and that their measurement might be useful to evaluate IPC maturation as a non-destructive method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Ohta
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ikemoto
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Yuma Wada
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yu Saito
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yamada
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Satoru Imura
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuji Morine
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shimada
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
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Li L, Li H, Zhou W, Feng J, Zou X. Effects of zinc methionine supplementation on laying performance, zinc status, intestinal morphology, and expressions of zinc transporters' mRNA in laying hens. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:6582-6588. [PMID: 31328268 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to investigate effects of dietary zinc methionine (Zn-Met) supplementation on laying performance, zinc (Zn) status, intestinal morphology, and Zn transporters in laying hens compared with zinc sulfate (ZnSO4 ). A total of 384 Hyline Grey laying hens (38 weeks old) with similar performance (1.42 ± 0.07 kg) were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments and fed with a basal diet (control) or the basal diet supplemented with Zn, either as Zn-Met at 40 and 80 mg Zn/kilogram diet or as ZnSO4 at 80 mg Zn/kilogram diet, for 10 weeks. RESULTS There was no difference in egg weight, egg production, feed intake, and feed conversation ratio among all groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the control, Zn contents were increased (P < 0.05) in the liver, duodenum, and jejunum of laying hens fed diets supplemented with different Zn sources. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in Zn contents in liver, duodenum, and jejunum between diets supplemented with Zn-Met or ZnSO4 at 80 mg Zn/kilogram diet. Compared with the control and the ZnSO4 group (80 mg Zn/kilogram diet), supplementation with Zn-Met of 80 mg Zn/kilogram diet increased (P < 0.05) villus height, villus area, and villus height/crypt depth ratio but reduced (P < 0.05) crypt depth in jejunum. Expression of metallothionein messenger RNA of jejunum in the group fed a diet containing Zn-Met (80 mg Zn/kilogram diet) was higher (P < 0.05) than that in the control. CONCLUSION These results indicated that Zn-Met has positive effects on the Zn status of liver, duodenum, and jejunum, intestinal morphology, and metallothionein messenger RNA expression in jejunum of laying hens compared with ZnSO4 . © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Li
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiyu Li
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Zhou
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Feng
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Zou
- Feed Science Institute, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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7
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Maares M, Duman A, Keil C, Schwerdtle T, Haase H. The impact of apical and basolateral albumin on intestinal zinc resorption in the Caco-2/HT-29-MTX co-culture model. Metallomics 2019; 10:979-991. [PMID: 29931006 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00064f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of intestinal zinc resorption and its regulation are still topics of ongoing research. To this end, the application of suitable in vitro intestinal models, optimized with regard to their cellular composition and medium constituents, is of crucial importance. As one vital aspect, the impact of cell culture media or buffer compounds, respectively, on the speciation and cellular availability of zinc has to be considered when investigating zinc resorption. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the impact of serum, and in particular its main constituent serum albumin, on zinc uptake and toxicity in the intestinal cell line Caco-2. Furthermore, the impact of serum albumin on zinc resorption is analyzed using a co-culture of Caco-2 cells and the mucin-producing goblet cell line HT-29-MTX. Apically added albumin significantly impaired zinc uptake into enterocytes and buffered its cytotoxicity. Yet, undigested albumin does not occur in the intestinal lumen in vivo and impairment of zinc uptake was abrogated by digestion of albumin. Interestingly, zinc uptake, as well as gene expression studies of mt1a and selected intestinal zinc transporters after zinc incubation for 24 h, did not show significant differences between 0 and 10% serum. Importantly, the basolateral application of serum in a transport study significantly enhanced fractional apical zinc resorption, suggesting that the occurrence of a zinc acceptor in the plasma considerably affects intestinal zinc resorption. This study demonstrates that the apical and basolateral medium composition is crucial when investigating zinc, particularly its intestinal resorption, using in vitro cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maares
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Berlin Institute of Technology, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, D-13355 Berlin, Germany.
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8
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Guo Z, Martucci NJ, Liu Y, Yoo E, Tako E, Mahler GJ. Silicon dioxide nanoparticle exposure affects small intestine function in an in vitro model. Nanotoxicology 2018; 12:485-508. [PMID: 29668341 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1463407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials to enhance properties of food and improve delivery of orally administered drugs has become common, but the potential health effects of these ingested nanomaterials remain unknown. The goal of this study is to characterize the properties of silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles (NP) that are commonly used in food and food packaging, and to investigate the effects of physiologically realistic doses of SiO2 NP on gastrointestinal (GI) health and function. In this work, an in vitro model composed of Caco-2 and HT29-MTX co-cultures, which represent absorptive and goblet cells, was used. The model was exposed to well-characterized SiO2 NP for acute (4 h) and chronic (5 d) time periods. SiO2 NP exposure significantly affected iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), glucose, and lipid nutrient absorption. Brush border membrane intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) activity was increased in response to nano-SiO2. The barrier function of the intestinal epithelium, as measured by transepithelial electrical resistance, was significantly decreased in response to chronic exposure. Gene expression and oxidative stress formation analysis showed NP altered the expression levels of nutrient transport proteins, generated reactive oxygen species, and initiated pro-inflammatory signaling. SiO2 NP exposure damaged the brush border membrane by decreasing the number of intestinal microvilli, which decreased the surface area available for nutrient absorption. SiO2 NP exposure at physiologically relevant doses ultimately caused adverse outcomes in an in vitro model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Guo
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
| | - Nicole J Martucci
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
| | - Yizhong Liu
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
| | - Eusoo Yoo
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
| | - Elad Tako
- b Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory , Agricultural Research Services, U.S. Department of Agriculture , Ithaca , NY , USA
| | - Gretchen J Mahler
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
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Zakrzewski SS, Fromm M, Schulzke JD, Günzel D. Zinc strengthens the jejunal barrier by reversibly tightening the paracellular route. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2017; 313:G537-G548. [PMID: 28864501 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00355.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
During the postweaning period, piglets are prone to gastrointestinal infections. The resulting impairment of intestinal barrier function may cause diarrhea associated with growth retardation or even death of piglets. Orally applied Zn is commonly used to prevent and treat diarrhea, but its mode of action still needs to be elucidated. To analyze the molecular mechanism whereby Zn acts on porcine intestinal barrier function, ex vivo studies on piglet jejunum and accompanying in vitro studies on a porcine jejunal epithelial cell line, IPEC-J2/PS, were performed with electrophysiological tools. Feeding pharmacological Zn doses exerted no significant electrophysiologically ascertainable short- and long-term effects on jejunal barrier function ex vivo. However, in IPEC-J2/PS, basolateral Zn was cytotoxic since its application caused a release of lactate dehydrogenase and an irreversible breakdown of the epithelial barrier. In contrast, apical Zn application caused an immediate increase in paracellular resistance and a decrease in permeability to the paracellular marker fluorescein, reflecting overall barrier strengthening in vitro. Apical effects were fully reversible upon washout. This indicates that Zn supplemented to feed was completely washed out during ex vivo jejunum preparation. We conclude that there is no evidence for long-term barrier effects through prophylactic Zn supplementation and that extracellular Zn acts acutely and reversibly from the apical side via tightening the paracellular route, thus counteracting leak-flux diarrhea.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Therapeutically administered Zn successfully treats diarrhea in veterinary and human medicine. Here we present data that Zn strengthens the porcine jejunal epithelial barrier by reversibly tightening the paracellular route for inorganic ions and small solutes. Acute or long-lasting Zn effects on transcellular transport (Cl- secretion) were not detected. We therefore conclude that Zn is useful for acutely treating leak-flux diarrhea rather than secretory diarrhea. Suitability as prophylactic feed supplement, however, is questionable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke S Zakrzewski
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Fromm
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg D Schulzke
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorothee Günzel
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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10
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Fan Q, Cai Q, Li P, Wang W, Wang J, Gerry E, Wang TL, Shih IM, Nephew KP, Xu Y. The novel ZIP4 regulation and its role in ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:90090-90107. [PMID: 29163813 PMCID: PMC5685734 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our RNAseq analyses revealed that ZIP4 is a top gene up-regulated in more aggressive ovarian cancer cells. ZIP4's role in cancer stem cells has not been reported in any type of cancer. In addition, the role and regulation of ZIP4, a zinc transporter, have been studied in the context of extracellular zinc transporting. Factors other than zinc with ZIP4 regulatory effects are essentially unknown. ZIP4 expression and its regulation in epithelial ovarian cancer cells was assessed by immunoblotting, quantitative PCR, or immunohistochemistry staining in human ovarian tissues. Cancer stem cell-related activities were examined to evaluate the role of ZIP4 in human high-grade serous ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. RNAi and CRISPR techniques were used to knockdown or knockout ZIP4 and related genes. Ovarian cancer tissues overexpressed ZIP4 when compared with normal and benign tissues. ZIP4 knockout significantly reduced several cancer stem cell-related activities in EOC cells, including proliferation, anoikis-resistance, colony-formation, spheroid-formation, drug-resistance, and side-population in vitro. ZIP4-expressing side-population highly expressed known CSC markers ALDH1 and OCT4. ZIP4 knockout dramatically reduced tumorigenesis and ZIP4 overexpression increased tumorigenesis in vivo. In addition, the ZIP4-expressing side-population had the tumor initiating activity. Moreover, the oncolipid lysophosphatic acid effectively up-regulated ZIP4 expression via the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and lysophosphatic acid 's promoting effects in cancer stem cell-related activities in HGSOC cells was at least partially mediated by ZIP4 in an extracellular zinc-independent manner. Our critical data imply that ZIP4 is a new and important cancer stem cell regulator in ovarian cancer. Our data also provide an innovative interpretation for the apparent disconnection between low levels of zinc and up-regulation of ZIP4 in ovarian cancer tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Qingchun Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, P.R. China
| | - Wenyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- MASDINO (Beijing) Medical Research Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100123, P.R. China
| | - Emily Gerry
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Kenneth P. Nephew
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Jordan Hall 302, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Zhou X, Li Y, Li C. Autophagy plays a positive role in zinc-induced apoptosis in intestinal porcine epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 44:392-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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12
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Hara T, Takeda TA, Takagishi T, Fukue K, Kambe T, Fukada T. Physiological roles of zinc transporters: molecular and genetic importance in zinc homeostasis. J Physiol Sci 2017; 67:283-301. [PMID: 28130681 PMCID: PMC10717645 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-017-0521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace mineral that regulates the expression and activation of biological molecules such as transcription factors, enzymes, adapters, channels, and growth factors, along with their receptors. Zn deficiency or excessive Zn absorption disrupts Zn homeostasis and affects growth, morphogenesis, and immune response, as well as neurosensory and endocrine functions. Zn levels must be adjusted properly to maintain the cellular processes and biological responses necessary for life. Zn transporters regulate Zn levels by controlling Zn influx and efflux between extracellular and intracellular compartments, thus, modulating the Zn concentration and distribution. Although the physiological functions of the Zn transporters remain to be clarified, there is growing evidence that Zn transporters are related to human diseases, and that Zn transporter-mediated Zn ion acts as a signaling factor, called "Zinc signal". Here we describe critical roles of Zn transporters in the body and their contribution at the molecular, biochemical, and genetic levels, and review recently reported disease-related mutations in the Zn transporter genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Hara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Takeda
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teruhisa Takagishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Fukue
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taiho Kambe
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Fukada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan.
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
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13
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Guo Z, Martucci NJ, Moreno-Olivas F, Tako E, Mahler GJ. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Ingestion Alters Nutrient Absorption in an In Vitro Model of the Small Intestine. NANOIMPACT 2017; 5:70-82. [PMID: 28944308 PMCID: PMC5604471 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Ingestion of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles from products such as agricultural chemicals, processed food, and nutritional supplements is nearly unavoidable. The gastrointestinal tract serves as a critical interface between the body and the external environment, and is the site of essential nutrient absorption. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of ingesting the 30 nm TiO2 nanoparticles with an in vitro cell culture model of the small intestinal epithelium, and to determine how acute or chronic exposure to nano-TiO2 influences intestinal barrier function, reactive oxygen species generation, proinflammatory signaling, nutrient absorption (iron, zinc, fatty acids), and brush border membrane enzyme function (intestinal alkaline phosphatase). A Caco-2/HT29-MTX cell culture model was exposed to physiologically relevant doses of TiO2 nanoparticles for acute (four hours) or chronic (five days) time periods. Exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles significantly decreased intestinal barrier function following chronic exposure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, proinflammatory signaling, and intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity all showed increases in response to nano-TiO2. Iron, zinc, and fatty acid transport were significantly decreased following exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles. This is because nanoparticle exposure induced a decrease in absorptive microvilli in the intestinal epithelial cells. Nutrient transporter protein gene expression was also altered, suggesting that cells are working to regulate the transport mechanisms disturbed by nanoparticle ingestion. Overall, these results show that intestinal epithelial cells are affected at a functional level by physiologically relevant exposure to nanoparticles commonly ingested from food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902
| | - Nicole J. Martucci
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902
| | | | - Elad Tako
- Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, Agricultural Research Services, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ithaca, NY
| | - Gretchen J. Mahler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902
- Correspondence to Gretchen Mahler, PhD, Binghamton University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2608 Biotechnology Building, Binghamton, NY 13902, Phone: 607-777-5238, Fax: 607-777-5780,
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14
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Lodemann U, Gefeller EM, Aschenbach JR, Martens H, Einspanier R, Bondzio A. Dose Effects of Apical versus Basolateral Zinc Supplementation on Epithelial Resistance, Viability, and Metallothionein Expression in Two Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2015; 29:410-417. [PMID: 25895165 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Zinc supplementation is used to reduce diarrhea incidence in piglets and it has been shown in vitro that the antisecretory effects are maximal after basolateral zinc application. To examine whether the application site and dose of zinc also influence passive ion permeability and viability, porcine (IPEC-J2) and human (Caco-2) intestinal epithelial cells were treated with increasing zinc concentrations (0-200 μM) at either the apical or basolateral side. Transepithelial electrical resistance and viability decreased and expression of metallothionein and the efflux zinc transporter 1 increased most prominently when zinc was added in high concentrations at the basolateral side of IPEC-J2 cells. Zinc transporter 4, a zinc importer, was not affected. Heat shock protein 70 mRNA expression increased only after basolateral addition of 200 μM zinc in IPEC-J2 cells. Thus, zinc can elicit toxic effects especially when added at the basolateral side, with IPEC-J2 cells being more susceptible than Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Lodemann
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Gefeller
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg R Aschenbach
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Martens
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Einspanier
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Bondzio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany
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