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Nasiri-Ansari N, Spilioti E, Kyrou I, Kalotychou V, Chatzigeorgiou A, Sanoudou D, Dahlman-Wright K, Randeva HS, Papavassiliou AG, Moutsatsou P, Kassi E. Estrogen Receptor Subtypes Elicit a Distinct Gene Expression Profile of Endothelial-Derived Factors Implicated in Atherosclerotic Plaque Vulnerability. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810960. [PMID: 36142876 PMCID: PMC9506323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the presence of established atherosclerosis, estrogens are potentially harmful. MMP-2 and MMP-9, their inhibitors (TIMP-2 and TIMP-1), RANK, RANKL, OPG, MCP-1, lysyl oxidase (LOX), PDGF-β, and ADAMTS-4 play critical roles in plaque instability/rupture. We aimed to investigate (i) the effect of estradiol on the expression of the abovementioned molecules in endothelial cells, (ii) which type(s) of estrogen receptors mediate these effects, and (iii) the role of p21 in the estrogen-mediated regulation of the aforementioned factors. Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were cultured with estradiol in the presence or absence of TNF-α. The expression of the aforementioned molecules was assessed by qRT-PCR and ELISA. Zymography was also performed. The experiments were repeated in either ERα- or ERβ-transfected HAECs and after silencing p21. HAECs expressed only the GPR-30 estrogen receptor. Estradiol, at low concentrations, decreased MMP-2 activity by 15-fold, increased LOX expression by 2-fold via GPR-30, and reduced MCP-1 expression by 3.5-fold via ERβ. The overexpression of ERα increased MCP-1 mRNA expression by 2.5-fold. In a low-grade inflammation state, lower concentrations of estradiol induced the mRNA expression of MCP-1 (3.4-fold) and MMP-9 (7.5-fold) and increased the activity of MMP-2 (1.7-fold) via GPR-30. Moreover, p21 silencing resulted in equivocal effects on the expression of the abovementioned molecules. Estradiol induced different effects regarding atherogenic plaque instability through different ERs. The balance of the expression of the various ER subtypes may play an important role in the paradoxical characterization of estrogens as both beneficial and harmful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Nasiri-Ansari
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Eliana Spilioti
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Toxicological Control of Pesticides, Scientific Directorate of Pesticides’ Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kyrou
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Vassiliki Kalotychou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laikon General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- Clinical Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Unit, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon Hospital Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Karin Dahlman-Wright
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Novum, Karolinska Institute, SE-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Harpal S. Randeva
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Moutsatsou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Endocrine Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-21-0746-2699; Fax: +30-21-0746-2703
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Yang I, Lin I, Liang Y, Lin J, Chen T, Chen Z, Kuan C, Chi C, Li C, Wu H, Lin F. Development of di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate‐containing thioglycolic acid immobilized chitosan mucoadhesive gel as an alternative hormone therapy for menopausal syndrome. Bioeng Transl Med 2021; 7:e10267. [PMID: 35600649 PMCID: PMC9115706 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Menopausal syndrome includes the symptoms that most women experience owing to hormone changes after menopause. Although hormone replacement therapy is a common treatment for menopausal syndrome, there are still many side effects and challenges hindering research. In this study, thioglycolic acid (TGA)‐immobilized chitosan mucoadhesive gel was synthesized by a new method of low concentration of 1,4‐butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) would encapsulate di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) as an alternative hormone replacement therapy for menopausal syndrome. The efficacies of the DEHP‐containing TGA‐chitosan gel (CT‐D) were confirmed and evaluated by materials characterization and in vitro study. Results showed that CT‐D was not cytotoxic and had better mucoadhesive ability than chitosan. The animal model was constructed 1 month after bilateral ovariectomy in SD rats. CT‐D was administered intravaginally every 3 days. Bodyweight, wet weight of the uterus and vagina, vaginal smears, histology, blood element analysis, and serological analysis was used to assess the ability of the material to relieve menopausal syndrome. The results indicated that the combination of the sustained release of DEHP and mucoadhesive TGA‐immobilized chitosan allows the developed CT‐D to relieve the menopausal syndrome through low concentrations of DEHP, which falls in the safety level of the tolerable daily intake of DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- I‐Hsuan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - I‐En Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ya‐Jyun Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jhih‐Ni Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Tzu‐Chien Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Zhi‐Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Che‐Yung Kuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Zhunan, Miaoli County Taiwan
| | - Chih‐Ying Chi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Zhunan, Miaoli County Taiwan
- PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Chi‐Han Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Zhunan, Miaoli County Taiwan
- PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Hung‐Ming Wu
- Department of Neurology Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan
| | - Feng‐Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Zhunan, Miaoli County Taiwan
- PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan
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3
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Su Y, Tian Z, Qi X, Luo D, Liu L, Liu S, Zheng D, Wei F, He Z, Guan Q. Effects of increasing intake of soybean oil on synthesis of testosterone in Leydig cells. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2021; 18:53. [PMID: 34039393 PMCID: PMC8157704 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-021-00580-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Soybean oil is a very common edible oil in daily life. With the changes in the dietary composition, the intake of soybean oil increased. However, the effects of dietary intake of soybean oil on testosterone production are still unclear. Methods In order to study the effects of increasing intake of soybean oil on the synthesis of testosterone in Leydig cells, we fed male C57BL/6 mice on the diet which added 20% soybean salad oil (SOY group). We detected the hormone levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits and serum fatty acid composition by gas chromatography, and analyzed the expression of steroidogenic enzymes by Real-Time PCR or immunoblotting analysis. Results After the 16-week feeding period, serum linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) significantly increased and serum palmitic acid (PA) significantly decreased in SOY group mice. Compared to the normal diet (ND group), increasing intake of soybean oil raised the luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and up-regulated luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member I (CYP11A1). Testosterone levels in SOY group were higher than that in the ND group, and significantly difference showed. Conclusions Increasing intake of soybean oil could raise the serum LA and ALA levels and decrease serum PA levels. This could activate the LH/LHCGR pathway and improve the function of steroid synthesis in Leydig cells, and finally lead to the elevated testosterone levels. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12986-021-00580-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Su
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenhua Tian
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangyu Qi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Dandan Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Luna Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Dongmei Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Department of Clinical Expert, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Zhao He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
| | - Qingbo Guan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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Ovariectomized rodents as a menopausal metabolic syndrome model. A minireview. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 475:261-276. [PMID: 32852713 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03879-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bilateral ovariectomy is the best characterized and the most reported animal model of human menopause. Ovariectomized rodents develop insulin resistance (IR) and visceral obesity, the main risk factors in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome (MS). These alterations are a consequence of hypoestrogenic status, which produces an augment of visceral fat, high testosterone levels (hyperandrogenism), as well as inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic complications, such as dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and endothelial dysfunction, among others. Clinical trials have reported that menopause per se increases the severity and incidence of MS, and causes the highest mortality due to cardiovascular disease in women. Despite all the evidence, there are no reports that clarify the influence of estrogenic deficiency as a cause of MS. In this review, we provide evidence that ovariectomized rodents can be used as a menopausal metabolic syndrome model for evaluating and discovering new, safe, and effective therapeutic approaches in the treatment of cardiometabolic complications associated to MS during menopause.
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5
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Coto E, Fernandez N, Garcia JJ, Diez MJ, Sahagun AM, Sierra M. Assessment of the Antioxidant/Hypolipidemic Relationship of Sideritis hyssopifolia in an Experimental Animal Model. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112049. [PMID: 31146427 PMCID: PMC6600331 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Many publications have described the potential cardioprotective action of different medicinal plants, relating this effect with blood lipid levels. However, these publications do not justify the right amount of plant administered, which can vary greatly. Sideritis hyssopifolia is a little woody plant endemic to western and southwestern Europe. We have quantified its antioxidant activity, which can be used as an indicator of its cardioprotective action. This study evaluates the antioxidant capacity of Sideritis hyssopifolia to design a feed whose hypolipidemic effects are proven in cholesterol-fed New Zealand rabbits. Antioxidant action was assessed in infusions, which were prepared with 1 or 3 g of plant in 200 mL of water by using an ABTS assay and expressed as Ascorbic acid Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (AEAC). Aqueous infusions with infusion times of 10 min and prepared with 3 g plant exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity. Sideritis hyssopifolia showed an intermediate antioxidant capacity for the concentrations and times of the infusion tested. According to our results, we suggest incorporating 2.36 g of S. hyssopifolia every 150 g of rabbit feeding stuff (15.73 g/kg). This chow decreased cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides levels in cholesterol-fed rabbits, as well as the atherogenic index. This reduction was similar to that obtained with simvastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Coto
- Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, 24071 Leon, Spain.
| | - Nelida Fernandez
- Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, 24071 Leon, Spain.
| | - Juan Jose Garcia
- Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, 24071 Leon, Spain.
| | - M Jose Diez
- Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, 24071 Leon, Spain.
| | - Ana Maria Sahagun
- Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, 24071 Leon, Spain.
| | - Matilde Sierra
- Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, 24071 Leon, Spain.
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Morais ICPDS, Moura IJL, Sabino CKB, Nicolau LAD, Souza FDM, Silva-Filho JCD, Oliveira RDCM, Medeiros JVR, Lima SGD, Oliveira APD. Cardiovascular Effect of Diosgenin in Ovariectomized Rats. J Med Food 2019; 22:248-256. [PMID: 30735081 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diosgenin is a phytoestrogen and a constituent of Dioscorea. It has several biological effects, and some of them are anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antitumor, and vasodilatory. The present study investigated both the vasorelaxing and antioxidant mechanisms of diosgenin in isolated rat aortic rings. Female rats weighing 200-220 g were subjected to sham or OVX operations at 8 weeks of age. Ovariectomy was performed for menopause induction after anesthesia. Diosgenin (10-9 M-3 × 10-4 M) produced a concentration-dependent relaxation in aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine (1 μM), exhibiting Emax value of 55.34% ± 7.7% (in endothelium-intact rings) and Emax value of 30.30% ± 5.7% (in endothelium-denuded rings). In the endothelium-intact rings, the vasorelaxing effect of diosgenin was reduced by NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (100 μM), atropine (1 μM), indomethacin (10 μM), 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) (10 μM), 4-aminopyridine (1 mM), tetraethylammonium (3 mM), glibenclamide (10 μM), apamin (10 μM), and Tiron (1 μM). Diosgenin (10-5 M) inhibited the contractions induced by cumulative addition of phenylephrine (10-9-10-5 M). The 28-days treatment with diosgenin (50 mg/kg, v.o.) did not imply changes in the myeloperoxidase parameter, but increased significantly, levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and nitric oxide, as well as reduced the concentration of malondialdehyde related to lipid peroxidation. Our results suggest that diosgenin induced relaxation in aortic rings via an endothelium-dependent pathway, which involves the EDRF, the opening of potassium channels and antioxidant action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aldeidia Pereira de Oliveira
- 1 Medicinal Plants Research Center-PI, Terezina, Piauí, Brazil
- 2 Federal University of Piauí, Terezina, Piauí, Brazil
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Peixoto P, da Silva JF, Aires RD, Costa ED, Lemos VS, Bissoli NS, dos Santos RL. Sex difference in GPER expression does not change vascular relaxation or reactive oxygen species generation in rat mesenteric resistance arteries. Life Sci 2018; 211:198-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Teixeira RKC, Feijó DH, Valente AL, Carvalho LTFD, Granhen HD, Petroianu A, Botelho NM. Influence of oophorectomy on glycemia and lipidogram. Acta Cir Bras 2018; 33:415-419. [PMID: 29924212 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020180050000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To verify the influence of oophorectomy on lipidogram and glycemia. METHODS Fifty six female rats were divided into the following 7 groups (n = 8): group 1 - sham group, group 2 - oophorectomy 30 days, group 3 - oophorectomy 35 days, group 4 - oophorectomy 40 days, group 5 - oophorectomy 45 days, group 6 - oophorectomy 70 days, group 7 - oophorectomy 55 days. Animals were following by number of days according the group. Was evaluated the serum levels of glucose and lipid profile. RESULTS The oophorectomized rats presented higher glycemia. Groups 3, 4, 6 and 7 had a higher glycemia and LDL levels (except for group 6) and groups 6 and 7 had lowest levels of HDL. Group 7 had highest level of VLDL than oophorectomy groups. There was no difference in triglycerides levels. CONCLUSION Oophorectomy was related to dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, mainly after 50th days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Kleber Costa Teixeira
- Postgraduate Program in Surgery and Experimental Research, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Daniel Haber Feijó
- Department of Experimental Surgery, School of Medicine, UEPA, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Andy Petroianu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Jiao H, Zhou K, Zhao J, Wang X, Lin H. A high-caloric diet rich in soy oil alleviates oxidative damage of skeletal muscles induced by dexamethasone in chickens. Redox Rep 2017; 23:68-82. [PMID: 29157186 PMCID: PMC6748688 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2017.1405494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Glucocorticoids (GCs) can induce oxidative damage in
skeletal muscles. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a high caloric
(HC) diet rich in soy oil would change the oxidative stress induced by a GC. Methods: The effect of dexamethasone (DEX) and HC diet on oxidative
stress in plasma, skeletal muscles (M. pectoralis major,
PM; M. biceps femoris, BF), and mitochondria were
determined. The biomarkers of oxidative damage and antioxidative enzyme activity
were determined. The fatty acid profile of muscles and the activities of complex
I and II in mitochondria were measured. Results: The results showed that DEX increased the concentrations of
oxidative damage markers in plasma, muscles, and mitochondria. The activity of
complex I was significantly suppressed by DEX. DEX-chickens had higher
proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids and lower proportions of
monounsaturated fatty acids in the PM. A HC diet decreased the levels of
oxidative damage biomarkers in plasma, muscles, and mitochondria. The
interaction between DEX and diet suppressed the activities of complex I and II
in HC-chickens. Discussion: Oxidative damage in skeletal muscles and mitochondria
was the result of GC-induced suppression of the activity of mitochondrial
complex I. A HC diet improved the antioxidative capacity and reduced the
oxidative damage induced by the GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Jiao
- a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention , Shandong Agricultural University , Taian , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Kaifeng Zhou
- b Shandong Extension Station of Animal Husbandry , Jinan , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention , Shandong Agricultural University , Taian , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention , Shandong Agricultural University , Taian , Shandong , People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Lin
- a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention , Shandong Agricultural University , Taian , Shandong , People's Republic of China
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Effects of tanshinol on markers of bone turnover in ovariectomized rats and osteoblast cultures. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181175. [PMID: 28746340 PMCID: PMC5528899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to explore the role of tanshinol in osteoblastic cells, and the role in vivo using an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of osteoporosis. MC3T3-E1 cells were pretreated with 0–400 μg/mL tanshinol, and then cell viability, apoptosis, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the expressions of Collagen Type I Alpha 1 (Col1A1), Runt Related Transcription Factor 2 (Runx2) and osteocalcin (OCN) were respectively detected. Rats underwent OVX surgery was intervened with 5 mg/kg tanshinol or 25 μg/kg β-estradiol (E2) for 12 weeks. The triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C and LDL-C), ALP, OCN and Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRACP-5b) contents were measured. Besides, the expressions of main factors in nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway were detected. The results showed that tanshinol significantly promoted MC3T3-E1 cells viability and ALP activity, while inhibited apoptosis (P < 0.05); Col1A1, Runx2 and OCN were all up-regulated by tanshinol (P < 0.05). In OVX rats, the contents of TG, TC, LDL-C, ALP, OCN and TRACP-5b were all increased (P < 0.05), while HDL-C was decreased (P < 0.05). Tanshinol significantly alleviated these aberrant regulations (P < 0.05). Inhibitory subunit of NF-κB (IκBα) and p65 were both remarkably phosphorylated by OVX, while this phosphorylation was partially neutralized by tanshinol (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we demonstrated that tanshinol exerted a bone-protective function by modulating the markers of bone turnover possibly via blocking NF-κB pathway. This study will provide new evidence that tanshinol is a potential therapeutic option for the relief of estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis.
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Rom O, Jeries H, Hayek T, Aviram M. Supplementation with linoleic acid-rich soybean oil stimulates macrophage foam cell formation via increased oxidative stress and diacylglycerol acyltransferase1-mediated triglyceride biosynthesis. Biofactors 2017; 43:100-116. [PMID: 27517171 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades there has been a staggering rise in human consumption of soybean oil (SO) and its major polyunsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid (LA). The role of SO or LA in cardiovascular diseases is highly controversial, and their impact on macrophage foam cell formation, the hallmark of early atherogenesis, is unclear. To investigate the effects of high SO or LA intake on macrophage lipid metabolism and the related mechanisms of action, C57BL/6 mice were orally supplemented with increasing levels of SO-based emulsion or equivalent levels of purified LA for 1 month, followed by analyses of lipid accumulation and peroxidation in aortas, serum and in peritoneal macrophages (MPM) of the mice. Lipid peroxidation and triglyceride mass in aortas from SO or LA supplemented mice were dose-dependently and significantly increased. In MPM from SO or LA supplemented mice, lipid peroxides were significantly increased and a marked accumulation of cellular triglycerides was found in accordance with enhanced triglyceride biosynthesis rate and overexpression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 (DGAT1), the key enzyme in triglyceride biosynthesis. In cultured J774A.1 macrophages treated with SO or LA, triglyceride accumulated via increased oxidative stress and a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-mediated overexpression of DGAT1. Accordingly, anti-oxidants (pomegranate polyphenols), inhibition of p38 MAPK (by SB202190) or DGAT1 (by oleanolic acid), all significantly attenuated SO or LA-induced macrophage triglyceride accumulation. These findings reveal novel mechanisms by which supplementation with SO or LA stimulate macrophage foam cell formation, suggesting a pro-atherogenic role for overconsumption of SO or LA. © 2016 BioFactors, 43(1):100-116, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Rom
- The Lipid Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Helana Jeries
- The Lipid Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Internal Medicine E, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tony Hayek
- The Lipid Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Internal Medicine E, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Michael Aviram
- The Lipid Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Teh SS, Voon PT, Hock Ong AS, Choo YM. Incorporation of Palmitic Acid or Stearic Acid into Soybean Oils Using Enzymatic Interesterification. J Oleo Sci 2016; 65:797-802. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess16097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soek Sin Teh
- Engineering and Processing Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board
| | - Phooi Tee Voon
- Product Development and Advisory Services Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board
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13
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Moreira AC, Silva AM, Santos MS, Sardão VA. Phytoestrogens as alternative hormone replacement therapy in menopause: What is real, what is unknown. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 143:61-71. [PMID: 24583026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Menopause is characterized by an altered hormonal status and by a decrease in life quality due to the appearance of uncomfortable symptoms. Nowadays, with increasing life span, women spend one-third of their lifetime under menopause. Understanding menopause-associated pathophysiology and developing new strategies to improve the treatment of menopausal-associated symptoms is an important topic in the clinic. This review describes physiological and hormone alterations observed during menopause and therapeutic strategies used during this period. We critically address the benefits and doubts associated with estrogen/progesterone-based hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and discuss the use of phytoestrogens (PEs) as a possible alternative. These relevant plant-derived compounds have structural similarities to estradiol, interacting with cell proteins and organelles, presenting several advantages and disadvantages versus traditional HRT in the context of menopause. However, a better assessment of PEs safety/efficacy would warrant a possible widespread clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Moreira
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana M Silva
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria S Santos
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vilma A Sardão
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the bone protective effect of phytoestrogens on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. Nutr Res 2014; 34:467-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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El Wakf AM, Hassan HA, Gharib NS. Osteoprotective effect of soybean and sesame oils in ovariectomized rats via estrogen-like mechanism. Cytotechnology 2014; 66:335-43. [PMID: 23748642 PMCID: PMC3918270 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-013-9580-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the osteoprotective effects of soybean oil (SbO) and sesame oil (SO) in ovarictomized (OVX) rats. The results indicated that the OVX rats exhibited a significant decrease in Ca and P level in both serum and bone, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT and the antioxidant biomarker GSH accompanied with a marked increase in the oxidative stress markers MDA and PC, the inflammatory indices (TNF-α, CRP levels, WBCs counts and ACP activity) in, both, bone and serum. Supplementating the diet of the OVX rats with SbO (15 % w/w) or SO (10 % w/w) for 2 months to resulted in modulation of the alterations in all tested parameters and succeeded to restore minerals, antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant biomarkers, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory indices, and WBCs counts. It could be concluded that the consumption of diets supplemented with SbO or SO might be useful for preventing bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency in ovariectomy status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza M. El Wakf
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hanaa A. Hassan
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nermin S. Gharib
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Hassan HA, El Wakf AM, El Gharib NE. Role of phytoestrogenic oils in alleviating osteoporosis associated with ovariectomy in rats. Cytotechnology 2013; 65:609-19. [PMID: 23161222 PMCID: PMC3720960 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-012-9514-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to elucidate the effect of soybean oil (SbO) and sesame oil (SO) supplemented diets on bone biomarkers changes in OVX (ovariectomized) rats. The current data exhibited significant decrease in BMD (bone mineral density), accompanied with marked depletion in the level of Ca, P and Mg in both serum and bone of OVX rats. Also, serum estrogen, total protein, HDL-C (high density lipoprotein cholesterol), bone NO levels were decreased in OVX rats. However, a significant increase in the level of serum TL (total lipids), TC (total cholesterol), TG (triglycerides), LDL-C (low density lipoprotein cholesterol), VLDL-C (very low density lipoprotein cholesterol), urine minerals (Ca, P, Mg), as well as serum, bone and urine ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and ACP (acid phosphatase) activity were recorded in OVX rats. Further changes were also detected by the increased level of urine hydroxyproline, serum parathyroid hormone and osteocalcin, as well as urea and creatinine level in both serum and urine. On the other hand, when OVX rats were fed on SbO (soy bean oil) (15 % w/w) or SO (sesame oil) (10 % w/w) supplemented diets, the data recorded a significant improvement in all the above mentioned parameters. So, it can be concluded that consumption of SbO or SO supplemented diets might be considered as a functional food for retarding risks of osteoporosis associated with estrogen deficiency in OVX states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa A Hassan
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt,
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Chen KI, Erh MH, Su NW, Liu WH, Chou CC, Cheng KC. Soyfoods and soybean products: from traditional use to modern applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 96:9-22. [PMID: 22872103 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4330-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Soybean products (soyfoods), reported as potential functional foods, are implicated in several health-enhancing properties, such as easing the symptoms of postmenopausal women, reducing the risk of osteoporosis, preventing cardiovascular disease, and antimutagenic effects. Isoflavone, for example, is one of the most important compounds abundantly found in soybean, mainly accounting for the health-enhancing properties as mentioned earlier. However, most biological activities of isoflavones are mainly attributed to their aglycone forms. It has also been demonstrated that isoflavone aglycones are absorbed faster and in greater amount than their glycosides in human intestines. Fortunately, deglycosylation of isoflavones can be achieved during fermentation process by several strains such as lactic acid bacteria, basidiomycetes, filamentous fungus, and Bacillus subtilis with their β-glucosidase activity. This article presents an overview of soybean's chemistry, application, state-of-the-art advances in soybean fermentation processing and products as well as their applications in food and pharmaceutical industries. Different compounds, such as isoflavone, dietary fibers, and proteins which exhibit significant bioactivities, are summarized. The roles of different microorganisms in bioconversion and enhancement of bioactivities of fermented soybean are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-I Chen
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan
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