1
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Bianchi VE, von Haehling S. The treatment of chronic anemia in heart failure: a global approach. Clin Res Cardiol 2024; 113:1117-1136. [PMID: 37660308 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-023-02275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic anemia is an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). Restoring physiological hemoglobin (Hb) levels is essential to increase oxygen transport capacity to tissues and improve cell metabolism as well as physical and cardiac performance. Nutritional deficits and iron deficiency are the major causes of chronic anemia, but other etiologies include chronic kidney disease, inflammatory processes, and unexplained anemia. Hormonal therapy, including erythropoietin (EPO) and anabolic treatment in chronic anemia HF patients, may contribute to improving Hb levels and clinical outcomes. Although preliminary studies showed a beneficial effect of EPO therapy on cardiac efficiency and in HF, more recent studies have not confirmed this positive impact of EPO, alluding to its side effect profile. Physical exercise significantly increases Hb levels and the response of anemia to treatment. In malnourished patients and chronic inflammatory processes, low levels of anabolic hormones, such as testosterone and insulin-like growth factor-1, contribute to the development of chronic anemia. This paper aims to review the effect of nutrition, EPO, anabolic hormones, standard HF treatments, and exercise as regulatory mechanisms of chronic anemia and their cardiovascular consequences in patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Emanuele Bianchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Center Stella Maris, Strada Rovereta, 42, 47891, Falciano, San Marino.
| | - Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site, Göttingen, Germany
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2
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Palmisano M, Ramunno CF, Farhat E, Dvir-Ginzberg M, Lutz B, de Almodovar CR, Bilkei-Gorzo A. Local cannabinoid receptor type-1 regulates glial cell activity and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor signaling in the mediobasal hypothalamus. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 220:111954. [PMID: 38821184 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
As organisms age, the activity of the endocannabinoid system in the brain declines, coinciding with increased neuroinflammation and disrupted hypothalamic functions. Notably, cannabinoid receptors type-1 (CB1) are highly expressed in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) within the mediobasal hypothalamus, a central area of neuroendocrine regulation. This study investigates whether the CB1 receptor influences age-related changes in a brain region-dependent manner. Therefore, we performed stereotaxic injections of rAAV1/2 expressing Cre recombinase in 2-month-old CB1flox/flox male animals to delete the CB1 gene and in CB1-deficient (CB1-STOP) mice to induce its re-expression. The intensity of pro-inflammatory glial activity, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) expression was assessed in the hypothalamus of mice at 18-19 months of age. Site-specific CB1 receptor deletion induced pro-inflammatory glial activity and increased hypothalamic Igf1r mRNA expression. Unexpectedly, GnRH levels remained unaltered. Importantly, rescuing the receptor in null mutant animals had the opposite effect: it reduced pro-inflammatory glial activation and decreased Igf1r mRNA expression without affecting GnRH production. Overall, the study highlights the important role of the CB1 receptor in the VMH in reducing age-related inflammation and modulating IGF-1R signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Palmisano
- Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University Clinics of Bonn, Bonn 53125, Germany
| | - Carla Florencia Ramunno
- Institute for Neurovascular Cell Biology, University Hospital Bonn, University Clinics of Bonn, Bonn 53125, Germany
| | - Eli Farhat
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 12272, Israel
| | - Mona Dvir-Ginzberg
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 12272, Israel
| | - Beat Lutz
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz 55122, Germany
| | - Carmen Ruiz de Almodovar
- Institute for Neurovascular Cell Biology, University Hospital Bonn, University Clinics of Bonn, Bonn 53125, Germany
| | - Andras Bilkei-Gorzo
- Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University Clinics of Bonn, Bonn 53125, Germany.
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3
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Liu G, Liu D, Zhu M, Zhang M, Li C, Xu X, Pan F. Insulin-like growth factor-1 promotes the testicular sperm production by improving germ cell survival and proliferation in high-fat diet-treated male mice. Andrology 2024. [PMID: 38639009 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A decrease in semen volume among men is comparable to the rising prevalence of obesity worldwide. The anabolic hormone insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) can promote proliferation and differentiation in cultured mouse spermatogonial stem cells and alleviate abnormal in vitro spermatogenesis. Additionally, serum IGF-1 level is negatively correlated with body mass index. Whereas the role of IGF-1 in the sperm production in obese men remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of IGF-1 on spermatogenesis of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mice. METHODS An HFD-induced obesity mouse model was established. Alterations in testicular morphology, sperm count, proliferation, and apoptosis were observed by H&E staining,immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting. Exogenous recombinant IGF-1 was administered to obese mice to investigate the correlations between altered testicular IGF-1 levels and sperm production. RESULTS The sperm count was reduced, the testicular structure was disordered, and sex hormone levels were abnormal in HFD-fed mice compared with normal diet-fed mice. The expression of proliferation-related antigens such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 was decreased, while that of proapoptotic proteins such as c-caspase3 was increased in testes from HFD-fed mice. Most importantly, the phosphorylation of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) in testes was decreased due to reductions in IGF-1 from hepatocytes and Sertoli cells. Recombinant IGF-1 alleviated these functional impairments by promoting IGF-1R, Akt, and Erk1/2 phosphorylation in the testes. CONCLUSIONS Insufficient IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling is intimately linked to damaged sperm production in obese male mice. Exogenous IGF-1 can improve survival and proliferation as well as sperm production. This study provides a novel theoretical basis and a target for the treatment of obese men with oligozoospermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Minggang Zhu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingrui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of, Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of, Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Wu R, Xiong Y, Gu Y, Cao LY, Zhang SY, Song ZX, Fan P, Lin L. Traditional Pediatric Massage Enhanced Hippocampal GR, BDNF and IGF-1 Expressions and Exerted an Anti-depressant Effect in an Adolescent Rat Model of CUMS-induced Depression. Neuroscience 2024; 542:47-58. [PMID: 38364964 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the anti-depressant effect of traditional pediatric massage (TPM) in adolescent rats and its possible mechanism. The adolescent depression model in rats was established by using chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). All rats were randomly divided into five groups (seven per group), including the groups of control (CON), CUMS, CUMS with TPM, CUMS with back stroking massage (BSM) and CUMS with fluoxetine (FLX). The tests of sucrose preference, Morris water maze and elevated plus maze were used to evaluate depression-related behaviors. Plasma corticosterone (CORT) level was measured by ELISA. The gene and protein expressions of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were measured by RT-qPCR and IHC respectively. The results showed that CUMS induced depression-related behaviors in the adolescent rats, along with decreased weight gain and reduced hippocampal expressions of GR, IGF-1 and BDNF. TPM could effectively prevent depression-related behaviors in CUMS-exposed adolescent rats, manifested as increasing weight gain, sucrose consumption, ratio of open-arm entry, times of crossing the specific quadrant and shortening escape latency. TPM also decreased CORT level in plasma, together with enhancing expressions of GR, IGF-1 and BDNF in the hippocampus. These results may support the clinical application of TPM to prevent and treat adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wu
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yun Gu
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Li-Yue Cao
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-Ying Zhang
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Song
- College of Health and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Pu Fan
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Lin
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Yamanaka K, Haraguchi Y, Takahashi H, Kawashima I, Shimizu T. Development of serum-free and grain-derived-nutrient-free medium using microalga-derived nutrients and mammalian cell-secreted growth factors for sustainable cultured meat production. Sci Rep 2023; 13:498. [PMID: 36627406 PMCID: PMC9832167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27629-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the amount of global resources and energy consumed, and animal welfare issues associated with traditional meat production, cultured meat production has been proposed as a solution to these problems and is attracting worldwide attention. Cultured meat is produced by culturing/proliferating animal muscle cells in vitro. This process requires significant amounts of culture medium, which accounts to a major portion of the production cost. Furthermore, it is composed of nutrients derived from grains and heterotrophic microorganisms and fetal bovine serum (FBS), which will impact the sustainability of cultured meat in future. Here, we developed a novel medium containing nutrients extracted from microalga and cell-secreted growth factors. First, rat liver epithelial RL34 cells were cultured by adding Chlorella vulgaris extract (CVE) to inorganic salt solution. The supernatant, containing the RL34 cell-secreted growth factors, was used as the conditioned medium (CM). This CM, with CVE added as a nutrient source, was applied to primary bovine myoblast cultures. This serum-free and grain-derived-nutrient-free medium promoted the proliferation of bovine myoblasts, the main cell source for cultured beef. Our findings will allow us to take a major step toward reducing production costs and environmental impacts, leading to an expansion of the cultured meat market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Yamanaka
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Yuji Haraguchi
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Hironobu Takahashi
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Ikko Kawashima
- IntegriCulture Inc., The Advanced Technology Research Laboratory, Tokyo Women's Medical University, TWIns N101, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Shimizu
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
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Hess S, Kendall TJ, Pena M, Yamane K, Soong D, Adams L, Truman R, Rambukkana A. In vivo partial reprogramming by bacteria promotes adult liver organ growth without fibrosis and tumorigenesis. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100820. [PMID: 36384103 PMCID: PMC9729881 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ideal therapies for regenerative medicine or healthy aging require healthy organ growth and rejuvenation, but no organ-level approach is currently available. Using Mycobacterium leprae (ML) with natural partial cellular reprogramming capacity and its animal host nine-banded armadillos, we present an evolutionarily refined model of adult liver growth and regeneration. In infected armadillos, ML reprogram the entire liver and significantly increase total liver/body weight ratio by increasing healthy liver lobules, including hepatocyte proliferation and proportionate expansion of vasculature, and biliary systems. ML-infected livers are microarchitecturally and functionally normal without damage, fibrosis, or tumorigenesis. Bacteria-induced reprogramming reactivates liver progenitor/developmental/fetal genes and upregulates growth-, metabolism-, and anti-aging-associated markers with minimal change in senescence and tumorigenic genes, suggesting bacterial hijacking of homeostatic, regeneration pathways to promote de novo organogenesis. This may facilitate the unraveling of endogenous pathways that effectively and safely re-engage liver organ growth, with broad therapeutic implications including organ regeneration and rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Hess
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Timothy J Kendall
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Edinburgh Pathology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria Pena
- US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, National Hansen's Disease Program, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Keitaro Yamane
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel Soong
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Linda Adams
- US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, National Hansen's Disease Program, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Richard Truman
- US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, National Hansen's Disease Program, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Anura Rambukkana
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Edinburgh Infectious Diseases, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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7
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Abu El-Makarem MA, Kamel MF, Mohamed AA, Ali HA, Mohamed MR, Mohamed AEDM, El-Said AM, Ameen MG, Hassnine AA, Hassan HA. Down-regulation of hepatic expression of GHR/STAT5/IGF-1 signaling pathway fosters development and aggressiveness of HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma: Crosstalk with Snail-1 and type 2 transforming growth factor-beta receptor. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277266. [PMID: 36374927 PMCID: PMC9662744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims So far, few clinical trials are available concerning the role of growth hormone receptor (GHR)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5)/insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis in hepatocarcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatic expression of GHR/STAT5/IGF-1 signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and to correlate the results with the clinico-pathological features and disease outcome. The interaction between this signaling pathway and some inducers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), namely Snail-1 and type 2 transforming growth factor-beta receptor (TGFBR2) was studied too. Material and methods A total of 40 patients with HCV-associated HCC were included in this study. They were compared to 40 patients with HCV-related cirrhosis without HCC, and 20 healthy controls. The hepatic expression of GHR, STAT5, IGF-1, Snail-1 and TGFBR2 proteins were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with cirrhotic patients without HCC and healthy controls, cirrhotic patients with HCC had significantly lower hepatic expression of GHR, STAT5, and IGF-1proteins. They also displayed significantly lower hepatic expression of TGFBR2, but higher expression of Snail-1 versus the non-HCC cirrhotic patients and controls. Serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) showed significant negative correlations with hepatic expression of GHR (r = -0.31; p = 0.029) and STAT5 (r = -0.29; p = 0.04). Hepatic expression of Snail-1 also showed negative correlations with GHR, STAT5, and IGF-1 expression (r = -0.55, p = 0.02; r = -0.472, p = 0.035, and r = -0.51, p = 0.009, respectively), whereas, hepatic expression of TGFBR2 was correlated positively with the expression of all these proteins (r = 0.47, p = 0.034; 0.49, p = 0.023, and r = 0.57, p<0.001, respectively). Moreover, we reported that decreased expression of GHR was significantly associated with serum AFP level>100 ng/ml (p = 0.048), increased tumor size (p = 0.02), vascular invasion (p = 0.002), and advanced pathological stage (p = 0.01). Similar significant associations were found between down-regulation of STAT5 expression and AFP level > 100 ng/ml (p = 0.006), vascular invasion (p = 0.009), and advanced tumor stage (p = 0.007). Also, attenuated expression of IGF-1 showed a significant association with vascular invasion (p < 0.001). Intriguingly, we detected that lower expression of GHR, STAT5 and IGF-1 were considered independent predictors for worse outcome in HCC. Conclusion Decreased expression of GHR/STAT5/IGF-1 signaling pathway may have a role in development, aggressiveness, and worse outcome of HCV-associated HCC irrespective of the liver functional status. Snail-1 and TGFBR2 as inducers of EMT may be key players. However, large prospective multicenter studies are needed to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A. Abu El-Makarem
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- * E-mail:
| | - Mariana F. Kamel
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Department of Pathology, Minia Oncology Center, Minia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hisham A. Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud R. Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed M. El-Said
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud G. Ameen
- Department of Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Alshymaa A. Hassnine
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hatem A. Hassan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Najjar D, Chikhaoui A, Zarrouk S, Azouz S, Kamoun W, Nassib N, Bouchoucha S, Yacoub-Youssef H. Combining Gene Mutation with Expression of Candidate Genes to Improve Diagnosis of Escobar Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101748. [PMID: 36292632 PMCID: PMC9601381 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Escobar syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder that affects the musculoskeletal system and the skin. Mutations in the CHRNG and TPM2 genes are associated with this pathology. In this study, we conducted a clinical and genetic investigation of five patients and also explored via in silico and gene expression analysis their phenotypic variability. In detail, we identified a patient with a novel composite heterozygous variant of the CHRNG gene and two recurrent mutations in both CHRNG and TPM2 in the rest of the patients. As for the clinical particularities, we reported a list of modifier genes in a patient suffering from myopathy. Moreover, we identified decreased expression of IGF-1, which could be related to the short stature of Escobar patients, and increased expression of POLG1 specific to patients with TPM2 mutation. Through this study, we identified the genetic spectrum of Escobar syndrome in the Tunisian population, which will allow setting up genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for families at risk. In addition, we highlighted relevant biomarkers that could differentiate between patients with different genetic defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorra Najjar
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics (LR16IPT05), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Asma Chikhaoui
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics (LR16IPT05), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Sinda Zarrouk
- Genomics Platform, Institut Pasteur de Tunis (IPT), Tunis-Belvédère, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Saifeddine Azouz
- Genomics Platform, Institut Pasteur de Tunis (IPT), Tunis-Belvédère, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Kamoun
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics (LR16IPT05), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Nabil Nassib
- Service Orthopédie Pédiatrique, Hôpital d’Enfant Béchir Hamza, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
| | - Sami Bouchoucha
- Service Orthopédie Pédiatrique, Hôpital d’Enfant Béchir Hamza, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
| | - Houda Yacoub-Youssef
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics (LR16IPT05), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
- Correspondence:
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9
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Link K, Shved N, Serrano N, Akgül G, Caelers A, Faass O, Mouttet F, Raabe O, D’Cotta H, Baroiller JF, Eppler E. Effects of seawater and freshwater challenges on the Gh/Igf system in the saline-tolerant blackchin tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:976488. [PMID: 36313755 PMCID: PMC9596810 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.976488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolactin (Prl) and growth hormone (Gh) as well as insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1) are involved in the physiological adaptation of fish to varying salinities. The Igfs have been also ascribed other physiological roles during development, growth, reproduction and immune regulation. However, the main emphasis in the investigation of osmoregulatory responses has been the endocrine, liver-derived Igf1 route and local regulation within the liver and osmoregulatory organs. Few studies have focused on the impact of salinity alterations on the Gh/Igf-system within the neuroendocrine and immune systems and particularly in a salinity-tolerant species, such as the blackchin tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron. This species is tolerant to hypersalinity and saline variations, but it is confronted by severe climate changes in the Saloum inverse estuary. Here we investigated bidirectional effects of increased salinity followed by its decrease on the gene regulation of prl, gh, igf1, igf2, Gh receptor and the tumor-necrosis factor a. A mixed population of sexually mature 14-month old blackchin tilapia adapted to freshwater were first exposed to seawater for one week and then to fresh water for another week. Brain, pituitary, head kidney and spleen were excised at 4 h, 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after both exposures and revealed differential expression patterns. This investigation should give us a better understanding of the role of the Gh/Igf system within the neuroendocrine and immune organs and the impact of bidirectional saline challenges on fish osmoregulation in non-osmoregulatory organs, notably the complex orchestration of growth factors and cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Link
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine IEM, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Natallia Shved
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine IEM, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nabil Serrano
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine IEM, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gülfirde Akgül
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine IEM, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Antje Caelers
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Faass
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Oksana Raabe
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Helena D’Cotta
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier (ISEM), Université Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development) (IRD), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (Practical School of Advanced Studies) (EPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (French National Centre for Scientific Research) (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (Mixed Research Unit) (UMR) 5554, Montpellier, France
- UMR116-Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Baroiller
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier (ISEM), Université Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development) (IRD), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (Practical School of Advanced Studies) (EPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (French National Centre for Scientific Research) (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (Mixed Research Unit) (UMR) 5554, Montpellier, France
- UMR116-Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Elisabeth Eppler
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine IEM, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Elisabeth Eppler,
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10
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Rhyu J, Yu R. Newly discovered endocrine functions of the liver. World J Hepatol 2021; 13:1611-1628. [PMID: 34904032 PMCID: PMC8637678 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i11.1611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver, the largest solid visceral organ of the body, has numerous endocrine functions, such as direct hormone and hepatokine production, hormone metabolism, synthesis of binding proteins, and processing and redistribution of metabolic fuels. In the last 10 years, many new endocrine functions of the liver have been discovered. Advances in the classical endocrine functions include delineation of mechanisms of liver production of endocrine hormones [including 25-hydroxyvitamin D, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and angiotensinogen], hepatic metabolism of hormones (including thyroid hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1, and steroid hormones), and actions of specific binding proteins to glucocorticoids, sex steroids, and thyroid hormones. These studies have furthered insight into cirrhosis-associated endocrinopathies, such as hypogonadism, osteoporosis, IGF-1 deficiency, vitamin D deficiency, alterations in glucose and lipid homeostasis, and controversially relative adrenal insufficiency. Several novel endocrine functions of the liver have also been unraveled, elucidating the liver’s key negative feedback regulatory role in the pancreatic α cell-liver axis, which regulates pancreatic α cell mass, glucagon secretion, and circulating amino acid levels. Betatrophin and other hepatokines, such as fetuin-A and fibroblast growth factor 21, have also been discovered to play important endocrine roles in modulating insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, and body weight. It is expected that more endocrine functions of the liver will be revealed in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Rhyu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Run Yu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
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11
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Munetsuna E, Yamada H, Yamazaki M, Ando Y, Mizuno G, Hattori Y, Kageyama I, Teshigawara A, Nouchi Y, Ishikawa H, Fujii R, Ohta Y, Suzuki K, Shimono Y, Ohashi K, Hashimoto S. Maternal fructose intake predisposes rat offspring to metabolic disorders via abnormal hepatic programming. FASEB J 2021; 35:e22030. [PMID: 34748238 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101276r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Given that fructose consumption has increased by more than 10-fold in recent decades, it is possible that excess maternal fructose consumption causes harmful effects in the next generation. This study attempted to elucidate the mechanism of the harmful effects of excessive maternal fructose intake from the perspective of offspring liver function. Female rats during gestation and lactation were fed water containing fructose, and their offspring were fed normal water. We attempted to elucidate the mechanism of fructose-induced transgenerational toxicity by conducting a longitudinal study focusing on hepatic programming prior to disease onset. Impaired Insulin resistance and decreased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were observed at 160 days of age. However, metabolic disorders were not observed in 60-day-old offspring. Microarray analysis of 60-day-old offspring livers showed the reduction of hepatic insulin-like growth factor-1 (Igf1) mRNA expression. This reduction continued until the rats were aged 160 days and attenuated Igf1 signaling. Hepatic microRNA-29 (miR-29a) and miR-130a, which target Igf1 mRNA, were also found to be upregulated. Interestingly, these miRNAs were upregulated in the absence of metabolic disorder. In this study, we found that maternal fructose intake resulted in dysregulated expression of Igf1 and its target miRNAs in the offspring liver, and that these offspring were more likely to develop metabolic disorders. Abnormal hepatic programming induced by an imbalanced maternal nutritional environment is maintained throughout life, implying that it may contribute to metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ando
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Genki Mizuno
- Deparment of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan.,Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yuji Hattori
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Itsuki Kageyama
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Atsushi Teshigawara
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan.,Deparment of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yuki Nouchi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiji Ohta
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yohei Shimono
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
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12
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Wang M, Liu H, Zhang X, Zhao W, Li D, Xu C, Wu Z, Xie F, Li X. Lack of Mof reduces acute liver injury by enhancing transcriptional activation of Igf1. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6559-6570. [PMID: 33634483 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) is a rapid pathological process that may cause severe liver disease and may even be life-threatening. During ALI, the function of males absent on the first (MOF) has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we unveiled the expression pattern of MOF during carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-induced ALI and role of MOF in the regulation of liver regeneration. In the process of ALI, MOF is significantly overexpressed in the liver injury area. Knockdown of Mof attenuated CCl4 -induced ALI, and promoted liver cell proliferation, hepatic stellate cell activation and aggregation to the injured area, and liver fibrosis. Simultaneously, overexpression of Mof aggravated liver dysfunction caused by ALI. By directly binding to the promoter, MOF suppressed the transcriptional activation of Igf1. Knockdown of Mof promotes the expression of Igf1 and activates the Insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling pathway in the liver. Through this pathway, Knockdown of Mof reduces CCl4 -induced ALI and promotes liver regeneration. Our results provide the first demonstration for MOF contributing to ALI. Further understanding of the role of MOF in ALI may lead to new therapeutic strategies for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Cell and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haoyu Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Wenbo Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Danyang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengpeng Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangzhi Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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13
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Ngo MHT, Jeng HY, Kuo YC, Nanda JD, Brahmadhi A, Ling TY, Chang TS, Huang YH. The Role of IGF/IGF-1R Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinomas: Stemness-Related Properties and Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041931. [PMID: 33669204 PMCID: PMC7919800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)/IGF-1 Receptor (IGF-1R) signaling is known to regulate stem cell pluripotency and differentiation to trigger cell proliferation, organ development, and tissue regeneration during embryonic development. Unbalanced IGF/IGF-1R signaling can promote cancer cell proliferation and activate cancer reprogramming in tumor tissues, especially in the liver. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death, with a high incidence and mortality rate in Asia. Most patients with advanced HCC develop tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-refractoriness after receiving TKI treatment. Dysregulation of IGF/IGF-1R signaling in HCC may activate expression of cancer stemness that leads to TKI refractoriness and tumor recurrence. In this review, we summarize the evidence for dysregulated IGF/IGF-1R signaling especially in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated HCC. The regulation of cancer stemness expression and drug resistance will be highlighted. Current clinical treatments and potential therapies targeting IGF/IGF-1R signaling for the treatment of HCC will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai-Huong Thi Ngo
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (J.D.N.); (A.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yin Jeng
- Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.J.); (Y.-C.K.)
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.J.); (Y.-C.K.)
| | - Josephine Diony Nanda
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (J.D.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Ageng Brahmadhi
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (J.D.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Thai-Yen Ling
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-Y.L.); (T.-S.C.); (Y.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 8-8322) (T.-Y.L.); +886-5-3621-000 (ext. 2242) (T.-S.C.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3150) (Y.-H.H.)
| | - Te-Sheng Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33382, Taiwan
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-Y.L.); (T.-S.C.); (Y.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 8-8322) (T.-Y.L.); +886-5-3621-000 (ext. 2242) (T.-S.C.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3150) (Y.-H.H.)
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (J.D.N.); (A.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.J.); (Y.-C.K.)
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-Y.L.); (T.-S.C.); (Y.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 8-8322) (T.-Y.L.); +886-5-3621-000 (ext. 2242) (T.-S.C.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3150) (Y.-H.H.)
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14
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Dey S, Liu S, Factora TD, Taleb S, Riverahernandez P, Udari L, Zhong X, Wan J, Kota J. Global targetome analysis reveals critical role of miR-29a in pancreatic stellate cell mediated regulation of PDAC tumor microenvironment. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:651. [PMID: 32660466 PMCID: PMC7359459 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07135-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive forms of malignancies with a nearly equal incidence and mortality rates in patients. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are critical players in PDAC microenvironment to promote the aggressiveness and pathogenesis of the disease. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play a significant role in progression of PDAC. Earlier, we observed a PSC-specific downregulation of miR-29a in PDAC pancreas, however, the mechanism of action of the molecule in PSCs is still to be elucidated. The current study aims to clarify the regulation of miR-29a in PSCs and identifies functionally important downstream targets that contribute to tumorigenic activities during PDAC progression. METHODS In this study, using RNAseq approach, we performed transcriptome analysis of paired miR-29a overexpressing and control human PSCs (hPSCs). Enrichment analysis was performed with the identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). miR-29a targets in the dataset were identified, which were utilized to create network interactions. Western blots were performed with the top miR-29a candidate targets in hPSCs transfected with miR-29a mimic or scramble control. RESULTS RNAseq analysis identified 202 differentially expressed genes, which included 19 downregulated direct miR-29a targets. Translational repression of eight key pro-tumorigenic and -fibrotic targets namely IGF-1, COL5A3, CLDN1, E2F7, MYBL2, ITGA6 and ADAMTS2 by miR-29a was observed in PSCs. Using pathway analysis, we find that miR-29a modulates effectors of IGF-1-p53 signaling in PSCs that may hinder carcinogenesis. We further observe a regulatory role of the molecule in pathways associated with PDAC ECM remodeling and tumor-stromal crosstalk, such as INS/IGF-1, RAS/MAPK, laminin interactions and collagen biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS Together, our study presents a comprehensive understanding of miR-29a regulation of PSCs, and identifies essential pathways associated with PSC-mediated PDAC pathogenesis. The findings suggest an anti-tumorigenic role of miR-29a in the context of PSC-cancer cell crosstalk and advocates for the potential of the molecule in PDAC targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatovisha Dey
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tricia D Factora
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Solaema Taleb
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Primavera Riverahernandez
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lata Udari
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xiaoling Zhong
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Janaiah Kota
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- The Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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15
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Pérez-Gómez J, Adsuar JC, García-Gordillo MÁ, Muñoz P, Romo L, Maynar M, Gusi N, P. C. R. Twelve Weeks of Whole Body Vibration Training Improve Regucalcin, Body Composition and Physical Fitness in Postmenopausal Women: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3940. [PMID: 32498351 PMCID: PMC7312189 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Regucalcin or senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30) is a Ca2+ binding protein discovered in 1978 with multiple functions reported in the literature. However, the impact of exercise training on SMP30 in humans has not been analyzed. Aging is associated with many detrimental physiological changes that affect body composition, functional capacity, and balance. The present study aims to investigate the effects of whole body vibration (WBV) in postmenopausal women. (2) Methods: A total of 13 women (aged 54.3 ± 3.4 years) participated in the study. SMP30, body composition (fat mass, lean mass, and bone mass) and physical fitness (balance, time up and go (TUG) and 6-min walk test (6MWT)) were measured before and after the 12 weeks of WBV training. (3) Results: The WBV training program elicited a significant increase in SPM30 measured in plasma (27.7%, p = 0.004) and also in 6MWT (12.5%, p < 0.001). The WBV training also significantly reduced SPM30 measured in platelets (38.7%, p = 0.014), TUG (23.1%, p < 0.001) and total body fat mass (4.4%, p = 0.02). (4) Conclusions: There were no significant differences in balance, lean mass or bone mass. The present study suggests that 12 weeks of WBV has the potential to improve SPM30, fat mass, TUG and 6MWT in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- HEME Research Group, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (J.C.A.); (P.M.); (L.R.)
| | - José Carmelo Adsuar
- HEME Research Group, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (J.C.A.); (P.M.); (L.R.)
| | | | - Pilar Muñoz
- HEME Research Group, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (J.C.A.); (P.M.); (L.R.)
| | - Lidio Romo
- HEME Research Group, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (J.C.A.); (P.M.); (L.R.)
| | - Marcos Maynar
- Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (M.M.); (N.G.)
| | - Narcis Gusi
- Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (M.M.); (N.G.)
| | - Redondo P. C.
- Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
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16
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Castilla-Cortázar I, Aguirre GA, Femat-Roldán G, Martín-Estal I, Espinosa L. Is insulin-like growth factor-1 involved in Parkinson's disease development? J Transl Med 2020; 18:70. [PMID: 32046737 PMCID: PMC7014772 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02223-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that results in the death of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta and the reduction in dopaminergic control over striatal output neurons, leading to a movement disorder most commonly characterized by akinesia or bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor. Also, PD is less frequently depicted by sensory symptoms (pain and tingling), hyposmia, sleep alterations, depression and anxiety, and abnormal executive and working memory related functions. On the other hand, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is an endocrine, paracrine and autocrine hormone with several functions including tissue growth and development, insulin-like activity, proliferation, pro-survival, anti-aging, antioxidant and neuroprotection, among others. Herein this review tries to summarize all experimental and clinical data to understand the pathophysiology and development of PD, as well as its clear association with IGF-1, supported by several lines of evidence: (1) IGF-1 decreases with age, while aging is the major risk for PD establishment and development; (2) numerous basic and translational data have appointed direct protective and homeostasis IGF-1 roles in all brain cells; (3) estrogens seem to confer women strong protection to PD via IGF-1; and (4) clinical correlations in PD cohorts have confirmed elevated IGF-1 levels at the onset of the disease, suggesting an ongoing compensatory or "fight-to-injury" mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inma Castilla-Cortázar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, 64710, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
- Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gabriel A Aguirre
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Giovana Femat-Roldán
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, 64710, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
- Neurocenter, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Irene Martín-Estal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, 64710, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - Luis Espinosa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, 64710, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
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17
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Wen SY, Chen JY, Chen CJ, Huang CY, Kuo WW. Protective effects of galangin against H 2 O 2 -induced aging via the IGF-1 signaling pathway in human dermal fibroblasts. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:115-123. [PMID: 31566298 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Galangin, a natural flavonol, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative potential. However, the cytoprotective effects of galangin against oxidative-induced aging in human fibroblasts have not been well studied. IGF-1 signaling pathway is associated with the control of aging and longevity in human. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of galangin on human skin fibroblast HS68 cells under H2 O2 exposure to induce aging. In this study, we demonstrate that galangin could decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory proteins and enhanced collagen formation through promoting the IGF-1R pathway. Furthermore, aging markers such as senescence-associated β-galactosidase p53, p21Cip1/WAF1 , and p16INK4A were upregulated under H2 O2 exposure and galangin could reverse its effects. Taken together, these data indicated that anti-inflammatory and antiaging activities of galangin may be mediated through the IGF-1R signaling pathway. These findings may provide the evidence for galangin to develop as an antiwrinkle product on human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ying Wen
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for General Education, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yi Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Chen
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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18
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Poole RK, Brown AR, Poore MH, Pickworth CL, Poole DH. Effects of endophyte-infected tall fescue seed and protein supplementation on stocker steers: II. Adaptive and innate immune function. J Anim Sci 2020; 97:4160-4170. [PMID: 31353402 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fescue toxicosis is a multifaceted syndrome common in cattle grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue that affects performance; however, little information is available pertaining to its effects on immunity. Recently, it has been shown that supplemental CP can improve performance in weaned steers postvaccination. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplemental CP on innate and adaptive immune responses in stocker steers chronically exposed to ergovaline. Angus steers (n = 12 pens; 3 steers/pen) were stratified by weight and assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement to examine crude protein levels of supplement (14% or 18%) and ergovaline exposure (0 or 185 μg ergovaline/kg BW/d via ground endophyte-free (EF) or endophyte-infected (EI) tall fescue seed, respectively) on immune response. Consumption of low to moderate concentration of ergovaline from EI tall fescue seed was sufficient to induce mild symptoms associated with fescue toxicosis. Blood samples were collected at day 0, 42, and 56 to evaluate infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) type 1b titers following vaccine challenge. Additionally, serum cytokine concentrations were evaluated using Quantibody Bovine Cytokine Arrays on day 0, 28, and 42. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS with repeated measures. Regardless of treatment, no differences were observed in IBR and BVDV-1b seroconversion following vaccine challenge (P > 0.05). Regardless of crude protein concentration, EI steers had greater concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1α), chemokines (CCL2, CCL4, MIG), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, -13, -15, -21), and various growth factors (FGF-1, IGF-1, VEGF-A) when compared to EF steers (P < 0.05). Furthermore, VEGF-A and IGF-1 concentrations were greater in EI-14 steers on day 28 compared to EI-18, EF-14, and EF-18 steers (P < 0.05), however, this difference was not observed on day 0 or 42 (P > 0.05). Based on these data, steers exposed to ergovaline have an increase in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and supplemental CP had minimal impact to mitigate this response. However, in the current study, exposure to ergovaline had little to no effect on adaptive immunity and response to vaccination. Together, chronic exposure to ergovaline results in a hyperactive innate immune response, which may lead to an immuno-compromised animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca K Poole
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Alecia R Brown
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Matthew H Poore
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Carrie L Pickworth
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Daniel H Poole
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
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19
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Liao Y, Li H, Pi Y, Li Z, Jin S. Cardioprotective effect of IGF-1 against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through activation of PI3K/Akt pathway in rats in vivo. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:3886-3897. [PMID: 31342837 PMCID: PMC6726826 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519857839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective It remains unknown whether insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) can attenuate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vivo by activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway. This study investigated the possible interaction of IGF-1 with the PI3K/Akt pathway in cardioprotection against in vivo myocardial I/R injury in rats. Methods We established a myocardial I/R model in rats through left anterior descending artery ligation for 40 minutes followed by 6 hours reperfusion. The PI3K/Akt inhibitor, LY294002 (0.3 mg/kg), was injected through the caudal vein 30 minutes before myocardial ischemia, and IGF-1 (1 µg/kg or 5 µg/kg) was injected through the caudal vein 10 minutes before myocardial ischemia. Results IGF-1 treatment decreased myocardial infarct size; myocardial cell apoptosis; and serum lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase MB, and cardiac troponin I levels in rats with myocardial I/R in vivo. Moreover, IGF-1 treatment led to significant increases in expression levels of p-Akt (Ser473) and B cell lymphoma 2, while reducing expression levels of caspase-9 mRNA and cleaved caspase-9 protein in rats with myocardial I/R. However, pretreatment with LY294002 significantly reduced the cardioprotective effects of IGF-1. Conclusion Treatment with IGF-1 may confer cardiac protection against in vivo myocardial I/R injury via the PI3K/Akt pathway in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojun Liao
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanna Pi
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zijia Li
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sanqing Jin
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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20
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Abstract
Non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. For this reason, a tremendous effort is being made worldwide to effectively circumvent these afflictions, where insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is being proposed both as a marker and as a central cornerstone in these diseases, making it an interesting molecule to focus on. Firstly, at the initiation of metabolic deregulation by overfeeding, IGF1 is decreased/inhibited. Secondly, such deficiency seems to be intimately related to the onset of MetS and establishment of vascular derangements leading to atherosclerosis and finally playing a definitive part in cerebrovascular and myocardial accidents, where IGF1 deficiency seems to render these organs vulnerable to oxidative and apoptotic/necrotic damage. Several human cohort correlations together with basic/translational experimental data seem to confirm deep IGF1 implication, albeit with controversy, which might, in part, be given by experimental design leading to blurred result interpretation.
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21
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Cai P, Jiang T, Li B, Qin X, Lu Z, Le Y, Shen C, Yang Y, Zheng L, Zhao J. Comparison of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) based on microarray profiles of human joint fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Cell Biochem Funct 2018; 37:31-41. [PMID: 30468518 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) based on microarray profiles. Three human joint fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) microarray profiles including 26 OA samples, 33 RA samples, and 20 healthy control (HC) samples were downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between OA and HC (DEGsOA) and RA and HC (DEGsRA) were identified. Co-expressed and specific genes were analysed between DEGsOA and DEGsRA. Gene ontology, KEGG pathway enrichment, PPI network, and GSEA were performed to predict the function of DEGs. Two hundred seventy-six and 410 differential genes in DEGsOA and DEGsRA were observed. One hundred fifty coexpressed genes and 126 OA-specific genes (SELE, SERPINE1, and NFKBIA were the key genes) between DEGsOA and DEGsRA were enriched in the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) signalling pathway. However, 260 RA-specific genes of which the key genes were CCR5, CCR7, CXCR4, CCL5, and CCR4 were enriched in chemokine signalling pathway. Therefore, FLSs might exert an inflammatory effect by regulating TNF signalling pathway, targeting SELE, SERPINE1, and NFKBIA during the process of OA. Although TNF signalling pathway was also involved in the synovitis of RA, chemokine signalling pathway played the key role in RA FLSs mediating cell migration, invasion, and release of chemotaxis. In addition, CCR5, CCR7, CXCR4, CCL5, and CCR4 might be hub genes in RA. The different biomarkers and pathways identified in OA and RA may provide references for further study. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: This study revealed the similar and different mechanisms of FLSs and different biomarkers that might with important regulatory effects on RA and OA. In OA, FLSs played an inflammatory role through TNF signalling pathway, targeting SELE, SERPINE1, and NFKBIA. Although TNF signalling pathway was also involved in the synovitis of RA, chemokine signalling pathway was a crucial pathway in mediating FLSs migration, invasion, and release of chemotaxis. CCR5, CCR7, CXCR4, CCL5, and CCR4 might be keys genes in RA. We expect that our results will bring more comprehensively understanding between RA and OA for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peian Cai
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Tongmeng Jiang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bo Li
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiong Qin
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhenhui Lu
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiguan Le
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yifeng Yang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Cardoso AL, Fernandes A, Aguilar-Pimentel JA, de Angelis MH, Guedes JR, Brito MA, Ortolano S, Pani G, Athanasopoulou S, Gonos ES, Schosserer M, Grillari J, Peterson P, Tuna BG, Dogan S, Meyer A, van Os R, Trendelenburg AU. Towards frailty biomarkers: Candidates from genes and pathways regulated in aging and age-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:214-277. [PMID: 30071357 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Use of the frailty index to measure an accumulation of deficits has been proven a valuable method for identifying elderly people at risk for increased vulnerability, disease, injury, and mortality. However, complementary molecular frailty biomarkers or ideally biomarker panels have not yet been identified. We conducted a systematic search to identify biomarker candidates for a frailty biomarker panel. METHODS Gene expression databases were searched (http://genomics.senescence.info/genes including GenAge, AnAge, LongevityMap, CellAge, DrugAge, Digital Aging Atlas) to identify genes regulated in aging, longevity, and age-related diseases with a focus on secreted factors or molecules detectable in body fluids as potential frailty biomarkers. Factors broadly expressed, related to several "hallmark of aging" pathways as well as used or predicted as biomarkers in other disease settings, particularly age-related pathologies, were identified. This set of biomarkers was further expanded according to the expertise and experience of the authors. In the next step, biomarkers were assigned to six "hallmark of aging" pathways, namely (1) inflammation, (2) mitochondria and apoptosis, (3) calcium homeostasis, (4) fibrosis, (5) NMJ (neuromuscular junction) and neurons, (6) cytoskeleton and hormones, or (7) other principles and an extensive literature search was performed for each candidate to explore their potential and priority as frailty biomarkers. RESULTS A total of 44 markers were evaluated in the seven categories listed above, and 19 were awarded a high priority score, 22 identified as medium priority and three were low priority. In each category high and medium priority markers were identified. CONCLUSION Biomarker panels for frailty would be of high value and better than single markers. Based on our search we would propose a core panel of frailty biomarkers consisting of (1) CXCL10 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10), IL-6 (interleukin 6), CX3CL1 (C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1), (2) GDF15 (growth differentiation factor 15), FNDC5 (fibronectin type III domain containing 5), vimentin (VIM), (3) regucalcin (RGN/SMP30), calreticulin, (4) PLAU (plasminogen activator, urokinase), AGT (angiotensinogen), (5) BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor), progranulin (PGRN), (6) α-klotho (KL), FGF23 (fibroblast growth factor 23), FGF21, leptin (LEP), (7) miRNA (micro Ribonucleic acid) panel (to be further defined), AHCY (adenosylhomocysteinase) and KRT18 (keratin 18). An expanded panel would also include (1) pentraxin (PTX3), sVCAM/ICAM (soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1/Intercellular adhesion molecule 1), defensin α, (2) APP (amyloid beta precursor protein), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), (3) S100B (S100 calcium binding protein B), (4) TGFβ (transforming growth factor beta), PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1), TGM2 (transglutaminase 2), (5) sRAGE (soluble receptor for advanced glycosylation end products), HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1), C3/C1Q (complement factor 3/1Q), ST2 (Interleukin 1 receptor like 1), agrin (AGRN), (6) IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1), resistin (RETN), adiponectin (ADIPOQ), ghrelin (GHRL), growth hormone (GH), (7) microparticle panel (to be further defined), GpnmB (glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B) and lactoferrin (LTF). We believe that these predicted panels need to be experimentally explored in animal models and frail cohorts in order to ascertain their diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic potential.
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23
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Castilla-Cortazar I, Aguirre G, De Ita J. About a Suggestive Association Between Fanconi Anemia and Laron Syndrome. Am J Med Sci 2018; 355:615-616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Partial IGF-1 deficiency is sufficient to reduce heart contractibility, angiotensin II sensibility, and alter gene expression of structural and functional cardiac proteins. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181760. [PMID: 28806738 PMCID: PMC5555709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating levels of IGF-1 may decrease under several circumstances like ageing, metabolic syndrome, and advanced cirrhosis. This reduction is associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, progression to type 2 diabetes, and increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. However, underlying mechanisms between IGF-1 deficiency and cardiovascular disease remain elusive. The specific aim of the present work was to study whether the partial IGF-1 deficiency influences heart and/or coronary circulation, comparing vasoactive factors before and after of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). In addition, histology of the heart was performed together with cardiac gene expression for proteins involved in structure and function (extracellular matrix, contractile proteins, active peptides); carried out using microarrays, followed by RT-qPCR confirmation of the three experimental groups. IGF-1 partial deficiency is associated to a reduction in contractility and angiotensin II sensitivity, interstitial fibrosis as well as altered expression pattern of genes involved in extracellular matrix proteins, calcium dynamics, and cardiac structure and function. Although this work is descriptive, it provides a clear insight of the impact that partial IGF-1 deficiency on the heart and establishes this experimental model as suitable for studying cardiac disease mechanisms and exploring therapeutic options for patients under IGF-1 deficiency conditions.
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25
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Olleros Santos-Ruiz M, Sádaba MC, Martín-Estal I, Muñoz U, Sebal Neira C, Castilla-Cortázar I. The single IGF-1 partial deficiency is responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction and is restored by IGF-1 replacement therapy. Growth Horm IGF Res 2017; 35:21-32. [PMID: 28648804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We previously described in cirrhosis and aging, both conditions of IGF-1 deficiency, a clear hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction with increased oxidative damage. In both conditions, the hepatic mitochondrial function was improved with low doses of IGF-1. The aim of this work was to explore if the only mere IGF-1 partial deficiency, without any exogenous insult, is responsible for hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction. METHODS Heterozygous (igf1+/-) mice were divided into two groups: untreated and treated mice with low doses of IGF-1. WT group was used as controls. Parameters of hepatic mitochondrial function were determined by flow cytometry, antioxidant enzyme activities were determined by spectrophotometry, and electron chain transport enzyme levels were determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses. Liver expression of genes coding for proteins involved in mitochondrial protection and apoptosis was studied by microarray analysis and RT-qPCR. RESULTS Hz mice showed a significant reduction in hepatic mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATPase activity, and an increase in intramitochondrial free radical production and proton leak rates, compared to controls. These parameters were normalized by IGF-1 replacement therapy. No significant differences were found between groups in oxygen consumption and antioxidant enzyme activities, except for catalase, whose activity was increased in both Hz groups. Relevant genes coding for proteins involved in mitochondrial protection and survival were altered in Hz group and were reverted to normal in Hz+IGF-1 group. CONCLUSIONS The mere IGF-1 partial deficiency is per se associated with hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction sensitive to IGF-1 replacement therapy. Results in this work prove that IGF-1 is involved in hepatic mitochondrial protection, because it is able to reduce free radical production, oxidative damage and apoptosis. All these IGF-1 actions are mediated by the modulation of the expression of genes encoding citoprotective and antiapoptotic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M C Sádaba
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Martín-Estal
- Escuela de Medicina, CITES, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - U Muñoz
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Sebal Neira
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Castilla-Cortázar
- Fundacion de Investigacion HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain; Escuela de Medicina, CITES, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico.
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26
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Morales-Garza LA, Puche JE, Aguirre GA, Muñoz Ú, García-Magariño M, De la Garza RG, Castilla-Cortazar I. Experimental approach to IGF-1 therapy in CCl 4-induced acute liver damage in healthy controls and mice with partial IGF-1 deficiency. J Transl Med 2017; 15:96. [PMID: 28472963 PMCID: PMC5418730 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1198-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cell necrosis, oxidative damage, and fibrogenesis are involved in cirrhosis development, a condition in which insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels are diminished. This study evaluates whether the exogenous administration of low doses of IGF-1 can induce hepatoprotection in acute carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage compared to healthy controls (Wt Igf+/+). Additionally, the impact of IGF-1 deficiency on a damaged liver was investigated in mice with a partial deficit of this hormone (Hz Igf1+/−). Methods Three groups of 25 ± 5-week-old healthy male mice (Wt Igf+/+) were included in the protocol: untreated controls (Wt). Controls that received CCl4 (Wt + CCl4) and Wt + CCl4 were treated subcutaneously with IGF-1 (2 µg/100 g body weight/day) for 10 days (Wt + CCl4 + IGF1). In parallel, three IGF-1-deficient mice (Hz Igf1+/−) groups were studied: untreated Hz, Hz + CCl4, and Hz + CCl4 + IGF-1. Microarray and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analyses, serum aminotransferases levels, liver histology, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assessed at the end of the treatment in all groups. All data represent mean ± SEM. Results An altered gene coding expression pattern for proteins of the extracellular matrix, fibrosis, and cellular protection were found, as compared to healthy controls, in which IGF-1 therapy normalized in the series including healthy mice. Liver histology showed that Wt + CCl4 + IGF1 mice had less oxidative damage, fibrosis, lymphocytic infiltrate, and cellular changes when compared to the Wt + CCl4. Moreover, there was a correlation between MDA levels and the histological damage score (Pearson’s r = 0.858). In the IGF-1-deficient mice series, similar findings were identified, denoting a much more vulnerable hepatic parenchyma. Conclusions IGF1 treatment improved the biochemistry, histology, and genetic expression of pro-regenerative and cytoprotective factors in both series (healthy and IGF-1-deficient mice) with acute liver damage, suggesting that low doses of IGF-1, in acute liver damage, could be a feasible therapeutic option. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-017-1198-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan E Puche
- Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Úrsula Muñoz
- Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Inma Castilla-Cortazar
- Escuela de Medicina, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico. .,Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain.
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